Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « Acier ferritique – Structure – Propriétés mécaniques »
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Articles de revues sur le sujet "Acier ferritique – Structure – Propriétés mécaniques":
Fortineau, Julien, René Mathieu, Michel Foata et Bertrand Chassignole. « Développement d’un procédé automatisé pour le contrôle ultrasonore d’un matériau anisotrope hétérogène ». e-journal of nondestructive testing 28, no 9 (septembre 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.58286/28468.
Thèses sur le sujet "Acier ferritique – Structure – Propriétés mécaniques":
Autones, Lucas. « Élaboration d’aciers ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) par fabrication additive laser et cold spray : compréhension des relations procédés - microstructures ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR004.
ODS (Oxide Dispersion Strengthened) steels are materials that exhibit very good resistance to creep and swelling under irradiation. These properties make them good candidates for cladding materials in Generation IV reactors, or for structural materials in thermonuclear fusion reactors. The dispersion of the nano-oxides, which reinforce the material, is obtained by powder metallurgy. Mechanical-alloying of an atomized steel powder with an oxide powder (Y2O3) results in the oxide dissolution in the matrix. During hot consolidation (hot isostatic pression or hot extrusion), the precipitation of the nano-oxides takes place. Designs of component with these materials and their final geometry could be improved using additive manufacturing.Since the 2010s, recent developments in additive manufacturing technologies could enable to reduce lead times and costs, while increasing the geometric, hierarchical and functional complexity of parts. They pave the way to new freedom of design compared to conventional subtractive manufacturing processes.The objective of this thesis work was to assess the potentials of different additive manufacturing techniques (SLM, DMD, and Cold Spray) for ODS steels.Thus, three types of ODS powder (mechanically-alloyed, composite and STARS) were obtained to determine the most interesting powder-process combinations. The materials produced from these different combinations have been characterized at several scales. The amount of macroscopic defects (porosities, cracks) was analyzed in order to optimize the manufacturing parameters. Their granular microstructure was observed before and after annealing at 1100 °C by optical and electron microscopy (SEM, EBSD). The nano-precipitation was analyzed by SEM, TEM and by small angle X-rays scattering. An image analysis method combining high definition electron microscopy images and a machine learning software was implemented. Finally, the high temperature tensile properties of these different materials were evaluated and are in good agreement with their microstructural characteristics. The comparison of the whole characterization results enabled to select the relevant manufacturing paths.The results obtained indicate that laser additive manufacturing processes (SLM, DMD) lead to ODS steels with low performance, regardless the type of powder used. The yttrium content can greatly decrease after consolidation. It also forms fragile Y-rich coarse phases, and the density of the nano-precipitates population appears very low. These microstructural characteristics induce tensile properties equivalent to those of an unreinforced steel. Nevertheless, the composite powder elaboration method implemented in this work makes it very easy to adapt the nature and content of the reinforcements added to the base powder. Using TiC nano-particles, very fine microstructures composed of equiaxed grains were obtained. These unusual microstructures in laser additive manufacturing offer interesting prospects.ODS steels obtained by cold spray from a mechanically-alloyed powder have characteristics similar to conventional ODS steels. After annealing, these materials have a microstructure similar to the ODS steels obtained by HIP. However, the coarse grains take up a much larger fraction of the microstructure and attest to a more advanced recrystallization. The lower hardness and elastic limit of this material compared to its HIP equivalent confirm this result, which is very encouraging if further shaping should be aimed. The very high density of Y-Ti-O nano-oxides in the Cold Sprayed ODS steel enables to achieve a mechanical resistance at 700 °C which is 50 MPa higher than the HIPed ODS. However, this material exhibits a loss of ductility which will have to be resolved. The analyzes carried out enabled to suggest two mechanisms to explain this damage, which would be caused by the presence of microcracks and porosities in the part
Van, Duysen Jean-Claude. « Relations entre la microstructure et les propriétés mécaniques d'un acier ferritique au chrome-molybdène à basse teneur en carbone de type Z10 CD Nb V9-2 ». Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112133.
Robin-Boudaoud, Marie-Cécile. « Comportement et durée de vie de pièces tubulaires, soudées ou non, en acier ferritique 1. 4509 : application automobile ». Paris, ENMP, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENMP0059.
Faurecia uses stainless ferritic steels to produce car manifolds, which are made of several tubular parts welded together. In order to reduce design costs, Faurecia needs to developp a robust numerical design tool. In the frame of this project, this thesis is a contribution to fatigue life assessment of 1. 4509 stainless steel tubular parts, welded or not, submitted to cyclic thermomechanical loadings. In a first part, the cyclic mechanical behaviors of the base metal (1. 4509 steel) and the melted metal are experementally studied under various loads. They are then described thanks to an elastoviscoplastic model. The specific mechanical behavior of the heat affected zone is also considered. The ability of the proposed models to describe the mechanical response of a welded zone is assessed thanks to a traction compression test including local strain measurements. In a second part, fatigue life of 1. 4509 steel is adressed. A large experimental dabase is built up. A non isothermal continuum damage model (J. Lemaitre model) is identified. The same test conditions are applied to welded specimens. Then, the resuts of those tests are analysed thanks to an uncoupled approach of mechanical behavior and damage. It is so considered that the strain distribution at the stabilized cycle, governs the fatigue life of the welded specimen. Thanks to this method, most the tests are well predicted (within a scattering band of factor 3 maximum). Finally, last part of this thesis concerns the integration of the identified models in a robust numerical tool in order to predict fatigue life of industrial welded parts. A submodel methodology is used in order to precisely predict the stabilized mechanical behavior of welded zone. This technique is successfully applied to predict the fatigue life of two welded parts, included a car manifold
El, Ghazal Hayat. « Etude des propriétés microstructurales et mécaniques des aciers 16NiCrMo13 cémenté et 32CrMoV13 nitrure : application à la prévision de leur limite d'endurance en fatigue de roulement ». Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0043.
The microstructural and mechanical properties profiles of 16NICR. MOl3 carburized and 32CrMoV13 nitrided steels have been studied. The carburised steel exhibits a martensitic structure whereas the nitrided steel is ferritic and hardened by thin precipitates which properties have been studied by T. E. M. . To characterise microplasticity properties profiles, we have developed, by means of finite elements calculations, an original method to identify the work hardening law from nano-indentation tests. A study of rolling contact fatigue behaviour of these steels, under elasto-hydrodynamic conditions, shows that, for the carburised steel, damage starts from carbides formed during the carburizing process. For the nitrided steel, damage has only been observed for very high contact pressures. It devewps within the most stressed area under the surface, which undergoes a microstructural evolution during fatigue. Finally, we have calculated a wwer bound of the fatigue limit of these materials from damage mechanisms that have been observed. These calculations are based on the comparison between the friction limit profiles, controlling dislocations movements, and the Tresca shear stress profile resulting from contact pressure and taking into account the carbides influence in the case of carburised steels
JEUNEHOMME, Sylvie. « Relations propriétés mécaniques - microstructure des aciers de structure perlitique ». Paris, ENMP, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ENMP0320.
Belotserkovets, Anastasia. « Vers une prédiction du profil de rugosité à l'échelle mésoscopique lors de l'opération de laminage à froid ». Valenciennes, 2009. http://ged.univ-valenciennes.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/4eafb7c6-c646-43cb-aa41-1654ba11f8dd.
An original methodology, which takes into account the presence of lubricant during cold rolling, is developed in order to reduce friction and to better control workpiece final roughness. To supply this model, it is essential to know the rheology of the strip as one of the blasted layer. It is given by an inverse methodology using FEM and Vickers test. To make it possible to determine plastic deformation behaviour, a relation between the mechanical conditions of contact is established from the finite elements model. The cold rolling model involves the strip with its asperities, the lubricant and the working roll. The strip asperities are modelled in 2D (trapezoidal shape) forming valleys and plateaus. A fluid-structure strong coupling is proposed to study the flattening of steel strip asperity during a cold rolling sequence. First the fluid pressure is obtained using a fluid structure model. This pressure is hydrostatic one. Then the dynamic effect of the fluid flow is added using an updating of the volume. This is obtained using local Reynolds’ equation. The lubricant flows through the secondary roughness of the top of the asperities. Thus, the volume of lubricant trapped and its pressure are updated on the cold rolling model. During computations, the asperity is deformed from the entry to the exit to obtain its final shape. Global parameters such as front, back tensions, speeds are taken into account but also rheological (fluid, solid) and tribological behaviours. The proposed methodology is applied to determine the strip surface profile after rolling. It makes it possible to determine the conditions of the cold rolling more adapted to better control strip final roughness
Tabet-Derraz, Moulay Idriss. « Comportement et modélisation des connecteurs dans une structure mixte (acier-béton) ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0092.
The principle of steel-concrete composite beams is to combine a concrete slab and a steel beam for joint work. Shear connectors are mechanical tools that have the role of ensuring the connection between the two materials at the interface of the composite beams. A variety of shear connectors have been proposed in the literature to provide suitable behavior at the steel-concrete interface. Headed stud connectors are most widely used in composite construction due to building code recommendations. However, the latter have significant drawbacks in terms of structural performance and practicability on construction sites. In this present thesis, an innovative new type of OMEGA-shaped connector has been proposed in two geometric designs (primary shape and improved shape) to be an alternative to conventional connectors. In addition to having a simple fabrication process and convenient installation at the composite beam interface, the shape of this connector allows for a large confined concrete zone, making it more resistant to shear and slab uplift. In this research, experimental push-out tests were performed on OMEGA connector with different configurations to study their strength, ductility and failure mode in the steel-concrete connection. Additional push-out specimens with conventional headed stud type connectors were also tested in order to compare the performance of OMEGA connectors with that of standard headed studs. The results demonstrated that the proposed OMEGA-shaped connector exhibited interesting behavior in steel-concrete connection and which can be used as an alternative shear connector for composite beams. In addition, an FE numerical model of the push-out test on OMEGA connectors was developed in this thesis using Abaqus software. The goal is to deepen the investigations on this proposed connector, by conducting a parametric study that aims to evaluate the influences of connector dimensions and concrete slab strength on the internal behavior of the steel-concrete connection. Moreover, by exploiting the parametric study results, an equation for predicting the OMEGA connectors shear strength was also developed. Furthermore, composite beam tests with OMEGA connectors arranged at the interface were also carried out as part of this thesis, by producing a composite beam specimen with a complete connection and another with a partial connection. The objective of this study is to analyze the influence of OMEGA connectors mechanism in the connection on the overall behavior of the composite beam. The results affirmed that the use of OMEGA connectors ensure adequate behavior to composite beams, even with a reduced degree of connection
Bouazaoui, Loubna. « Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et théorique de structures mixtes acier-béton assemblées par collage ». Reims, 2005. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/exl-doc/GED00000220.pdf.
This study concerns the experimental and theoretical analysis of the mechanical behaviour of the steel-concrete composite beams assembled with an adhesive joint. First, we studied the effect of the main parameters such as the construction method of the concrete slab, the surface state of the substrates, the adhesive nature and the irregular thickness of the adhesive joint on mechanical performances of the glued composite beams of 3. 3 m of span. The use of strain gauges and inductive sensors enabled us to characterize the strains distribution in these beams and to measure the relative displacements between concrete slab and steel girder. In the second time, we carried out a bending experimental test on a full-scale of glued composite beam, (8. 5 m of span) in order to analyze the mechanical behaviour of the full-scale glued structure. Using an epoxy adhesive with the rigid behaviour to bond concrete slab to steel girder and sanding the surfaces of the two substrates steel and concrete, we showed that the connection by bonding with adhesive can ensure a perfect connexion between steel and concrete. We also showed that the concrete slab can be carried out by several precasted concrete elements glued together. Finally, the comparison beteween the mechanical behavior of the composite beams glued with an irregular thickness of the adhesive joint, in the transverse and longitudinal direction, and that of a composite beam glued with a regular thickness of adhesive joint, allowed us to tolerate a variation in the thickness of the adhesive joint of 2 mm in the transverse direction of the beam and of 4 mm in the longitudinal one. In conclusion, bonding can replace the metal connectors and allows to concrete slab and steel girder to act as unit alone
Durrenberger, Laurent. « Analyse de la pré-déformation plastique sur la tenue au crash d'une structure crash-box par approches expérimentale et numérique ». Thesis, Metz, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007METZ041S/document.
To preserve the integrity of vehicle passengers during a crash constitutes a major goal for the automotive manufacturers since many years. The aim of this Ph-D thesis is to analyze the effect of a plastic prestrain on crash properties of a crash-box structure. The loading history is composed of at least two phases. The first phase is the forming process, in general under quasi-static conditions. The subsequent loading is due to a crash event. The behavior of three steels frequently used in the automotive industry has been studied (BH260, DP600, TRIP800). The experimental characterization of the steels shows the effect of a quasi-static prestrain on subsequent dynamic tensile curves. In addition, a large experimental crushing campaign of structures revealed that the prestrain process improves the crash behavior despite a reduction of the wall thickness. Two phenomenological models are then proposed to describe the strain-hardening effects and strain-rate sensitivity of metals. The model predictions show a very good agreement with experimental results for a wide range of strain-rate. Strain-rate history effects are well accounted for by one of the models. Finally, a numerical approach is performed where the variables calculated during the stamping (residual stress, equivalent plastic deformation, final thickness) are taken into account during the crash simulation under dynamic loading
Simon, Pierre. « Modélisation du comportement mécanique et de la rupture en conditions dynamiques d’aciers de structure et à blindage ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0042.
The present study deals with the modelling of the thermo-viscoplastic behaviour and the failure of a structural steel “S355NL” and a naval armour steel. An experimental campaign have been performed to observe the mechanical response of these material over a wide range of conditions, especially their sensitivities to the strain rate (from 〖10〗^(-3) to ~〖10〗^4 s^(-1)) and to the temperature (from -100 to 200 °C). The obtained results have been used to identify the parameters of several constitutive relations. A new approach have been developed to improve the description of the strain rate sensitivity. These relations have been implemented in numerical simulation to model the impact of a projectile on these steels. The obtained results have been compared with corresponding experimental tests in order to assess the reliability of the data and the hypothesis used in the simulations