Thèses sur le sujet « Accidents de la route – Liban »
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Youssef, Dalal. « Améliorer la sécurité routière au Liban : un parcours multidimensionnel allant de l'analyse exhaustive des défis à l'intégration des données et l'examen du comportement des conducteurs ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0268.
Texte intégralRoad traffic collisions, a global public health and socio-economic concern, claim 1.19 million lives annually worldwide. Lebanon, with a population under 6 million, contends with nearly 1,000 road fatalities each year. Challenges are amplified by population growth, increased household vehicle ownership, deteriorating infrastructure, and the enduring impact of regional conflicts, all further obscured by fragmented data. The dearth of prior research on Lebanese road safety compounds the predicament, impeding informed policy formulation and precise solutions. The thesis unfolds along two main axes: road safety management and driver behaviour. The first axis provides a comprehensive analysis of the current state of road safety management in Lebanon. This analysis delves deeply into the challenges, as well as the historical, institutional, organizational, and financial complexities that shape the current framework for road safety. The thesis evaluates existing policies, enforcement mechanisms, budget allocations, and proposes evidence-based recommendations to improve both road safety and sustainability in Lebanon. This thorough analysis highlights the urgent need for a holistic strategy that covers a wide range of road safety aspects, from strict law enforcement to infrastructure improvements, sustainable funding allocation, and active international collaboration. Recognizing that data is the cornerstone of effective road safety management, the thesis addresses briefly the critical issue of fragmented and incomplete data on road traffic injuries in Lebanon. Focusing on the human factor, the second axis concentrates on driver behaviour, a key element of road safety that has lacked validated tools in the Lebanese context. The thesis advocates for the cross-cultural adaptation of four measurement scales (Traffic Locus of Control, Driver Behaviour Questionnaire, Driving Anger Scale, and Driver Skills Inventory) to understand and mitigate risky driver behaviours. This complex process involves translation, cross-cultural adaptation, rigorous validation, and the involvement of various groups of Lebanese drivers in data collection. Beyond validation, it explores the relationship between driver behaviour and road collisions, with the potential to influence road safety policies and promote good driving practices. This thesis thus serves as a transformative roadmap, aiming to create safer roads, reduce collisions, and improve the quality of life in Lebanon. It is a clarion call to address the urgent need for action and the pursuit of data-driven solutions
Arafat, Nadine. « L’indemnisation des victimes d’accidents de la circulation : plaidoyer pour un régime spécifique de responsabilité en droit libanais à la lumière de l’expérience française ». Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020AIXM0015.
Texte intégralThe accruing importance of the concept of full indemnification has contributed to the disruption of the general rules of common law of civil liability and has paved the way for the rise of a particular civil liability regime and indemnification. As result of such developments, a particular regime of civil liability relevant to the road traffic accidents emerged under French Law. The main purpose of such regime is to strengthen the rights of victims via two main processes. The first aims at the improvement of the position of the victims while preserving the conditions of the particular civil liability. The second process is relevant to the speed and effectiveness of indemnification through the normalization of the conventional approach, and the setting up of indemnification. How to protect the victims of road traffic accidents in Lebanon and advocate for the establishment of a particular regime of liability in such accidents in light of the French precedent? The study of the Lebanese Law helps identifies the existence of an "implied" particular regime for road traffic accidents within the Code of obligations and contracts. This study tends to "dust off" the rules of this regime. Based on a thorough comparative study of the Lebanese and French legal systems, this thesis suggests a new interpretation of the rules of civil liability in Lebanese Law in order to elaborate a new focal point for the subject matter, which shall it based on the particular regime and mechanisms of indemnification. The latter grant a wider protection for victims by ensuring a full indemnification of bodily injuries as well as ensuring a protection of human dignity
AL, Deraiei Sami A. « Le recours de la victime d'un accident de la circulation a l'encontre de l'assureur du vehicule ayant provoque l'accident (etude du droit francais et du droit koweitien) ». Nantes, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999NANT4004.
Texte intégralIn french and kuwaiti law; the driver must restore the consequences of the accidents. So the victim can take legal proceedings against the responsable insurer. It's why one study has differences between french law and kuwaiti law about the victim's right to an indemnity
Roberge, Jonathan. « Accidentologie des piétons dans trois villes moyennes du Québec (1991--1996) : Trois-Rivières, Chicoutimi et Sherbrooke ». Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 1999.
Trouver le texte intégralEl, Hajj Maya. « Elaboration d'un Score Prédictif des Accidents Vasculaires Cérébraux au Liban ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0078/document.
Texte intégralBackground: Stroke is the second leading cause of death in Lebanon and worldwide. There is a scarcity of reliable information about the epidemiology of stroke in Lebanon. We aim to identify stroke risk factors and symptoms in the Lebanese population and develop a score for future stroke prediction and another for stroke diagnosis at emergency.Methods: A case-control study was conducted for the scores generation. Data were collected through a designed data collection sheet at two tertiary hospitals in Lebanon between January 1st, 2012 and December 31st, 2014. A logistic regression determined stroke risk factors and symptoms and the rounded coefficients generated a Risk of Stroke Score (ROSS) and a Diagnosis Score for Stroke (DS-Stroke). Another case-control study was conducted for the scores validation where data were collected through a standardized questionnaire at five different tertiary hospitals between January 1st, 2015 and December 31st, 2016. ROSS and DS-Stroke were validated by comparing them to the hospitals final diagnosis.Results: In total, 732 participants were included in the score generation study (202 stroke cases and 530 stroke-free controls) and 650 participants were included in the score validation study (205 cases and 445 stroke-free controls). Many risk factors and symptoms were found to be associated with stroke in Lebanon. ROSS and DS-Stroke were constructed and validated with high areas under the curve and high negative and positive prediction values.Conclusion: ROSS is a good risk assessment tool for use to improve the prediction of stroke in the Lebanese population and would be of particular interest in the primary care setting to reduce stroke incidence. DS-Stroke is another valuable tool to use for stroke diagnosis at emergency and would be interesting to user in order to have an accurate diagnosis of stroke, call for further emergency testing if necessary and speed up the treatment for stroke patients
Ballout, Fadi. « Alcool, psychotropes, accidents de la route : enquête réalisée par le S.A.M.U. de Nîmes sur quarante accidents ». Montpellier 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MON11130.
Texte intégralNajm, Ziad. « L'action en responsabilité contre le transporteur maritime au Liban ». Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX32024.
Texte intégralIn the first part, some interesting economical information are given concerning the port of beirut. Furthermore, the said part relates to a study regarding the stage prior to litigation. Also the marine insurance occupies an important place and a parallel is done between the english policies and the french policies. The procedure followed in the negotiations prior to litigation is described in a very practical manner with emphisis on the role of the shipping agent. The second part relates to the liability law-suit versus the carrier ; liability law-suit actor's, plaintiff, defendors, judges. In addition the law-suit's conditions : the letter of reserve, the time-limit and the proof of the damage
Milet, Laurent. « La protection juridique des victimes d'accidents de trajet / ». Paris : L.G.D.J, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/351398171.pdf.
Texte intégralBartolo, Micheline. « Le fait de la victime dans le droit des accidents de la circulation ». Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989STR30001.
Texte intégralIn recent years, there have been substantial changes in road - trafic accident law. The common - law rulings on personal liability which applied to such legislation were questioned at an early date because of the effects which the behavior of the victims - whether they were responsible or not - could have on the compensation they were awarded. In France, the various attempts to improve the victims lot and establish legislation specific to this type of accident were to lead to some hundred draft bills, none of which was ever passed, whereas in other countries, this was not the case. Here in France, it was not until 1982 that any alternative solution to the traditional position was found. A first step forward was taken with the approval of the Desmares edict, of july 21 1982, which put anend to the sharing of responsibility between the victim and the party at fault. Three years later, on july 5th 1985, the first law dealing specifically with road - traffic accidents was passed. This law was to bring considerable improvements to the fate of victims of this type of accident, and more especially in the case of non - driving victims
Dahdouh, Habib. « L'Indemnisation des victimes d'accidents d'automobile ». Lille 3 : ANRT, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37594152j.
Texte intégralPelsy, François Schmitt Michel. « Les accidents de la voie publique chez l'enfant et leur prévention à partir d'une étude prospective réalisé aux urgences pédiatriques du CHU de Nancy / ». [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCDMED_T_2006_PELSY_FRANCOIS.pdf.
Texte intégralCharbotel, Barbara. « Les accidents de la route liés à l'exercice d'une profession, caractéristiques et prévention / ». Arcueil : INRETS, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb371908953.
Texte intégralINRETS-LÉAT = Institut national de recherche sur les transports et leur sécurité-Laboratoire d'épidémiologie appliquée à la sécurité des transports. Bibliogr. p. 149-151. Résumé.
Bassenne, Paul-Henri. « Contribution à l'étude de problèmes posés par les accidents de la route en 1991 ». Besançon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BESA3030.
Texte intégralRajaa, Adil. « Responsabilité civile et indemnisation en matière d'accident de la circulation au Maroc ». Perpignan, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PERP0602.
Texte intégralDausse-Viala, Monique. « Le conducteur dans le droit des accidents de la circulation ». Toulouse 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU10023.
Texte intégralWhile the notion of "driver" was merely implied in the bills before 1985, the concept was given a definite juridical content with the law registered as "the Badinder act", which amounts to a real case law in the matter of road accidents. The driver of engine-powered land vehicles is an infinitely variable notion that encloses in one person both the torfeesor and the victim. The July 5th 1985 act has set up, for both, very definite rules: as a victim, the driver at fault will not be entitled to the preferential treatment the other victims can claim; as a tortfeasor he will not be held merely as "liable" for damages, but rather as in a position to "compensate" victim through insurance, in so far as his vehicle has been involved in a road accident
Honoré, Frédéric. « Pathologies non-traumatiques du genou chez le cycliste sur route ». Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M196.
Texte intégralDECHELETTE, PASCAL. « Contribution a l'etude des accidents de la voie publique chez l'enfant : statistique sur marseille nord ». Aix-Marseille 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988AIX20122.
Texte intégralLenguerrand, Érik. « L'exposition au risque routier et sa prise en compte dans les analyses épidémiologiques des accidents de la route selon la disponibilité de l'information ». Lyon 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LYO10018.
Texte intégralDetermining the primary road safety risk requires knowing the population at risk of being crash involved. Exposure to road risk is difficult to analyse as it is a multidimensional concept and the necessary information is often missing. Firstly, the characteristics of road exposure concept are described in a Chapter on the State of the art. Secondly, the epidemiological and accidentological approaches that allow estimating the road risk when the information on the exposure is available are discussed. Thirdly, the methods of induced and quasi-induced exposure, which are uses for determining accident risks in absence of exposure data, are compared with case control study approach. Finally, the relevance of primary safety conclusions obtained through secondary road safety data, are discussed. This work describes the strengths and weaknesses of different methods used for taking in account the role of exposure to road risk in observational analysis of primary safety
Tadili, Fatima Ezzahra. « L'indemnisation des victimes d'accidents de la circulation au Maroc ». Perpignan, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PERP0768.
Texte intégralIn Morocco, there was no law, as such, related to road accidents. The indemnity of the victims emanated from the powerful sovereign of the tribunals, to be able to assert in every opportunity by the supreme court. In such system of generosity and forgiveness which stretch besides in the evaluation of responsibility, the legislator put an end to this generosity by imposing a table of indemnity on the magistrates as part of dahir of october 2nd 1984. This dahir was issued to determine and culminate damages entitled to compensation by leaving in courts the power of evaluation of civil liability. We can only be satisfied for the system of the limitation of indemnity by regretting the imperfections from which dahir suffers. It is desirable to put right it as it is to hope that it supplements the work which it has just begun, by a review of texts regarding traffic accidents
Eckly, Pierre. « L'intensité du contrôle exercé par le juge de l'excès de pouvoir ». Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STR30006.
Texte intégralAs the impact of administrative judge exercising his ultra vires jurisdiction has acquired its autonomy, the better the existence of different degres on supervision has been perceived. Contemporary analysis on the scop0e of ultra vires jurisdiction has been able to discover a phenomenon of intensity on supervision. The account for his extent on a method of gradation in supervisory jurisdiction over unilateral acts of adminitrative bodies lies on the superposition of achievements from various periods. The authorities on ultra vires and the subsequent jurisprudence have continuously tend to reach the common supervision jurisdiction; so that each important stage of development has worked out a type of supervision which agglomerated to the type worked out during the former stage. In the middle of the nineteenth century the classification of cases on which nullity might be adjudged, previously based on supervision of jurisdiction, was enriched by a new case resting on breach of law. Overlapping this first division, the modern segmentation of supervision based on the grounds for judgment is also attributable to the adjunction of the "normal" supervision tot he "minimum". Supervision. Under this later shape, the judge became so constrained by the competition between enlarged and limited supervision that he felt the need for a compromise
Al, Enezi Fahad. « L’indemnisation des victimes d’accidents de la circulation en droit saoudien : étude comparée au droit français ». Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR30009.
Texte intégralThe thesis deals with the indemnification of road accident victims in saudi arabian law, a comparative study with french law. An introductory chapter contains a general study of the legal clauses ruling the indemnification of road accident victims, their nature in saudi arabian law and their evolution with the passing time, from the beginning to these days in french law. The first part deals with a detailed examination of the indemnification of road accident victims, defining the enforcement field and the content of the rules of saudi arabian law concerning road accident, companing them with those of the french law of july 5, 1985 applying to road accident victims. It is an indemnification entitlement of which certain conditions absolutely must be fulfilled for the road accident to entitle the victim to be indemnified, in saudi arabian law as well as in french law (first part). The study of the extent of indemnification entitlement for road accident victims (title 1) leads us to study the cases where this entitlement is adjustable because of the existence of some factors liable to have an effect on this right, which certainly is a principle, but still remains adjustable (title II). If the first part is related to the "right" of the victims to be indemnified, the second part concerns the details of the indemnification, that is who has to be charged for it, on the one hand (title I), and what are the modes of calculation of the indemnification used in saudi arabian law as well as in french law, on the other hand (title II)
Milet, Laurent. « La protection juridique des victimes d'accidents de trajet ». Perpignan, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PERP0312.
Texte intégralThis thesis articulates around three axis. The preliminary book deals with the specialty of transfer accident which has been admitted through 1946' s law which gave to social security the administration of professionnal risks. Since, this juridical category has scattered in other legislations of internal right or foreign law. Book one regards the study of the quality of transfer accident in positive law. Case-law reaches tops of complexity due to the question of border between industrial injuries et common accident. This complexity could be overstepped if it is admitted that transfer accident is a risk of work. Book two deals with legal redress of transfer accident first distinctive through the contractual redress of the victim's prejudice. Though, in the line of the obligation of insuring motor vehicles, as in the case of an industrial injury being a traffic accident according to july 5. 1985 law, victims can get complete redress of their prejudice through a fuller claim against the person responsible of the accident. For the author, the prospective question is the question of full redress for all victims of professionnal risks. Transfer accident has been its conquering factor. Three ways are investigated: 10) step by step progression that has already started under the influence of the protection of traffic accident victims: empirical way, never ending and discriminant; 20) adding private insurance complementary contracts to the special law of industrial injuries ; 30) general amending of industrial injuries law in direction of full redress, as in 1985 law regarding victims of traffic accidents, which implies financing by risks producers
Faucher, Michel Loic. « Caractéristiques socio-professsionnelles des accidentés de la voie publique : enquête Aquitaine 1986-87 ». Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2M071.
Texte intégralGrimault, Yvan. « Problèmes posés par la désincarcération des blessés de la route : problèmes techniques, indications médicales, étude de leurs interférences : à propos de 88 accidents et 113 blessés ». Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON11309.
Texte intégralKoustanaï, Arnaud. « Le rôle de la conscience de la situation dans les accidents de la route et la production d'erreurs de conduite ». Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10040.
Texte intégralNabi, Hermann. « Epidémiologie des accidents corporels de la route dans la cohorte GAZEL : étude des facteurs psychologiques ». Paris 11, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA11T045.
Texte intégralBelanger, Nicolas. « Elaboration d'un système d'aide au diagnostic des accidents de la route par une approche cognitive ». Aix-Marseille 3, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX30028.
Texte intégralResearches developed in this thesis constitute a contribution to the study of the traffic road accident diagnosis. The diagnosis task has been define thanks to terminology analysis of the diagnosis and to a study of the " accident cases analysis " task implemented by INRETS searchers. Characteristics of this task have led us to conceive an Aid System made of two entities and to implement a hybrid approach of Knowledge Engineering. The first entity called the Generic Model of Accident (GMA), have been elaborated by the use of the Knowledge Oriented Design method (KOB) where some concepts have had to be adapted to our application domain. The second entity, called the Causal Research Process have been elaborated by use of the Richard Benjamin'library of Problem Solving Methods. The construction of the GMA is based on a corpus of traffic accidents cases extracted from INRETS Accident Deep Study Database. Adaptations of KOD's concepts have to be because of the application domain. The vocation of GMA is to provide a model of accident taking in account the three components of the Human - Vehicle- Environment system. .
Houidi, Ajmi Dogui Abdelwaheb Fayet Michel. « Nouvelle formulation de la dynamique du choc application aux accidents des véhicules à deux roues / ». Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=houidi.
Texte intégralThèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p. 137-141.
Khlifi, Tahar. « Représentation, communication, prévention : l'automobile et l'accident de la circulation ». Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0058.
Texte intégralAlizon, François. « Les traumatisés graves de la route : de la prise en charge au traitement chirurgical : à propos de 309 malades relevés par le SMUR de Clermont-Ferrand ». Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF13046.
Texte intégralVillieux, Arnaud. « La colère au volant et ses conséquences sur le risque routier chez les jeunes automobilistes : Validation française de l'échelle de colère au volant D.A.S (driving anger expression inventory) et de l'inventaire d'expressions de la colère au volant D.A.X (Driving anger expression inventory) ». Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H098.
Texte intégralThe aim of this PhD was to test for the first time in France through eight empirical studies, the relationships between trait driving anger, how people express their anger while driving, traffic violations and accidents among young drivers. We translate and validate in French the Driving Anger Scale (Deffenbacher et al. , 1994) and the Driving Anger Expression Inventory (Deffenbacher et al. , 2002). High positive correlations were observed between D. A. S. And aggressive forms of anger expression from D. A. X and also with violations. Anger evoked by progress impeded situations and use of the vehicle to express anger were good predictors of self-reported violations. Driving logs show that encounter anger-provoking situations while driving is rather frequent during short and usual trips. The implications of the findings for intervention strategies were considered
Lahoud, Nathalie. « Les accidents vasculaires cérébraux au Liban : prévalence, facteurs de risque et prise en charge dans les hôpitaux ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0039.
Texte intégralStroke is a group of cerebrovascular diseases with high morbidity and mortality rates, classified among the most common causes of death and acquired disability worldwide. Thus, assessing its epidemiology may play a crucial role in reducing its impact on the population. Stroke late burden is attributable to developing countries mainly, as people in developed countries have a better access to optimal care and an increased awareness of stroke symtpoms and risk factors. However, in less developed countries, where population confronts the huge impact of urbanization and globalization with a great increase in the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, the incidence of stroke remains high. Lebanon, a developing country of the Middle East region, lacks epidemiological data on stroke burden. Moreover, he confronts the aging problem and very high rates of smoking, and to a lesser degree of obesity, hypertension and diabetes, compared to other countries. In this context, it was necessary to initiate this work to highlight some features of the disease epidemiology in the country. Two studies were conducted, the first one was a community-based cross-sectional study to assess stroke prevalence in the country, whereas the second one was a retrospective hospital-based study to assess stroke prevalence by subtypes and associations with risk factors, and to evaluate stroke acute management in hospitals. Despite that the obtained results were not generalizable, we could state the following: The estimated prevalence of stroke (5 ‰ [95% CI= 3.3-6.6‰]) may be linked to a high incidence of the disease (especially large artery atherosclerosis) rather than a better acute stroke care. Awareness campaigns on stroke risk and symptoms especially among smokers would help limit the incidence and severity of the disease, while the establishment of stroke units may reduce short-term mortality and long term disabilities
Huguenin-Richard, Florence. « Approche géographique des accidents de la circulation : propositions de modes opératoires de diagnostic : appplication au territoire de la métropole lilloise ». Besançon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BESA1021.
Texte intégralKouassi, Kouadio. « La mise en mouvement de l'action civile devant les juridictions répressives en matière d'accidents de la circulation routière survenus en Côte d'Ivoire ». Université Robert Schuman (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR30005.
Texte intégralThis study is composed of two parts. The first one deals with the general rules of admissibility laid down in the code of criminal procedure. In this part the requirements of admissibility prescribed by section 2 subjection 1 are analysed. These conditions are two : first a criminal fault and secondly a direct and personal injury. But this study is not limited to the requirements of admissibility contained in the code of criminal procedure. In the second part, it also examines different other rules having an influence on the admissibility of the civil action. For, when there are particular rules establishing a special system of compensation of the victim or when there is a clash between bankruptcy rules and rules of the code of criminal procedure, the admissibility of the civil action is not submitted to the latter but to the demands of the social, political and economical background of the Ivory Coast
Ouedraogo, Manhamady. « Accidents de la route et recours aux soins chez les enfants de moins de 15 ans à Ouagadougou ». Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMC042.
Texte intégralRoad traffic injuries among children are now a major public health problem worldwide. Very little research has been done on this subject in Africa. In Burkina Faso, there is a lack of research on the population of children under 15 years of age to our knowledge. The aim of this thesis is to contribute, on the one hand, to a better knowledge of children's road accidents and their consequences and, on the other hand, to analyse the use of victims' care according to the supply and demand for care. The methodology is based on a mixed approach, using a quantitative and qualitative approach. The results made it possible to highlight the residential areas linked to children's accidents in their daily activities, the different traumas and the care circuit according to the supply and demand for care. The results also reveal all the socio-economic and health difficulties during and after the changeover at the Centre Hospitalier universitaire pédiatrique Charles de Gaulle
Orriols, Ludivine. « Santé et insécurité routière : influence de la consommation de médicaments (Étude CESIR-A) ». Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR21723/document.
Texte intégralIn recent decades, attention has been increasingly focused on the impact of disabilities and medicinal drug use on road safety. Psychoactive medicines may impair driving abilities due to their action on the central nervous system (e.g. sedation in the morning following administration of a hypnotic), while other medicines may affect psychomotor functions by their action on physiological functions (e.g hypoglycaemic seizures related to diabetic treatment). The CESIR-A project was set up to improve the epidemiological knowledge on medicines and the risk of road traffic crashes. The study matched three French nationwide databases: the national healthcare insurance database, police reports, and the police national database of injurious crashes, leading to the inclusion of 72,685 drivers involved in an injurious road traffic crash from July 2005 to May 2008. Two methods were performed for data analysis: a case-control analysis in which cases where responsible drivers and controls non-responsible ones and a case-crossover analysis. Medicine exposures were estimated from prescription drug dispensations in the healthcare reimbursement database. The study of medicines grouped according to the four levels of driving impairment risk of the French classification system [from 0 (no risk) to 3 (high risk)], showed that users of level 2 and level 3 prescribed medicines were at higher risk of being responsible for the crash (OR=1.31 [1.24-1.40] and OR=1.25 [1.12-1.40], respectively). The fraction of road traffic crashes attributable to levels 2 and 3 medicines was 3.3% [2.7%-3.9%]. Zolpidem use was associated with an increased risk of being responsible for a road traffic crash (OR=1.28 [1.07-1.53]) whereas use of zopiclone and benzodiazepine hypnotics use was not. Responsibility risk was only increased in the 139 drivers with dispensing of more than one pill of zolpidem a day during the five months before the crash (OR=2.38 [1.61-3.52]). Case-crossover analysis showed an increased risk of crash for benzodiazepine hypnotic users only (OR=1.42 [1.09-1.85]). Hypnotic users shared similar crash characteristics, with crashes more likely to occur on highways. In our database, 196 drivers were exposed to buprenorphine and/or methadone on the day of crash. This specific population was young, essentially males, with important co-consumption of other substances, in particular alcohol and level 3 medicines. Injured drivers exposed to buprenorphine and/or methadone on the day of crash, had an increased risk of being responsible (OR=2.19 [1.51-3.16]). The case cross-over analysis did not demonstrate any association (OR=1.26 [0.93 - 1.70]). Our study provides evidence of the contribution of medicines to the risk of road traffic crashes. According to our results, the French risk classification seems relevant regarding medicines classified as levels 2 and 3 of risk for road traffic crashes. The observed increased risks of being responsible for a crash for zolpidem and substitution maintenance treatment users may be linked to risky behaviors. Improving driver behaviour is one of the challenges for road safety. Providing patients with proper information on the potential effect of medicines on their driving abilities is the main objective of drug and risk classifications such as the French one
D'Amours, Monia. « Modèle d'analyse zonale des accidents de la route en milieu urbain, le cas de Sherbrooke, 1986 et 1991 ». Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8639.
Texte intégralVernier, Karine. « Les Incidences du tracé routier et des états de chaussée sur le comportement des usagers vis-à-vis de la vitesse et de la sécurité ». Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999STR1EC04.
Texte intégralThis thesis deals with safety, speed and road maintenance. We especially focus on the impact of road characteristics on two principal items related to the road user: road safety and travel time. The actual systems consider the costs of the maitre d'ouvrage as one of the principal determinants in the decision of repairing or not a given road. In this study, we go a step ahead and we propose a better optimization of the road surface characteristics by considering the cost incurred by the users. Here, we especially focus on road safety and on travel time thanks to a behavioral model with multi-levels: accident frequency, accident severity and speed. First, we quantify the relationship between road characteristics and accident frequency and severity by using discrete regression models of multinomial logit type. This multi-level analysis has been chosen because it permits to take into account behavioral parameters, especially speed (which is a measure of the user's accepted risk) in the explanation of the accident frequency and severity. The vehicles' speed is then linked to the road and traffic characteristics and to the associated frequency and severity probabilities, the latter giving a measure of the user's perceived risk. The vehicles'speed is estimated with a regression model that simultaneously determinate a convenient functional form of our relationships. Not constrained functionnal forms are obtained thanks to box-cox transformations of the parameters. The optimal functional forms we obtain are often different from the predetermined forms and lead to better forecasts. This remark also for the modeling of the frequency and the severity of accidents. The next step of this work will be to consider other individual factors like driver's age and sex, vehicle's technology or economic indicators to specify a more complete behavioural model. Moreover, our formalization is made on a choice based sample which permit to complete at low cost the data base
Tao, Xiang Tong. « Etude de la tolérance du thorax humain au choc latéral et des critères de blessure ». Lyon, INSA, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ISAL0017.
Texte intégralThe aim of this research is to diminish the consequences of road accidents for those involved. An analysis is carried out of the external factors influencing the gravity and mechanisms of injury. The tolerance of the human thorax in lateral impact is also estimated with conditions similar to a side impact motor accident
Jaskulski, Jean-Yves. « Contribution à la définition d'outils d'aide à la modélisation : application au choc latéral de véhicule automobiles ». Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0673.
Texte intégralLabonté, Sébastien. « Expérimentation du système de positionnement global (GPS) pour la localisation des accidents de la route en Montérégie ». Sherbrooke : Université de Sherbrooke, 2004.
Trouver le texte intégralTay, Meng Keat. « Analyses des scènes dynamiques : Application à l´assistance à la conduite ». Grenoble INPG, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPG0168.
Texte intégralThe development of autonomous vehicles garnered an increasing amount of attention in recent years. The interest for automotive industries is to produce safer and more user friendly cars. A common reason behind most traffic accidents is the failure on the part of the driver to adequately monitor the vehicle's surroundings. In this thesis we address the problem of estimating the collision risk for a vehicle for the next few seconds in urban traffic conditions. Current commercially available crash warning systems are usually equipped with radar based sensors on the front, rear or sides to measure the velocity and distance to obstacles. The algorithms for determining the risk of collision are based on variants of time-to-collision (TTC). However, it might be misleading in situations where the roads are curved and the assumption that motion is linear does not hold. In these situations, the risk tends to be underestimated. Furthermore, instances of roads which are not straight can be commonly found in urban environments, like the roundabout or cross junctions. An argument of this thesis is that simply knowing that there is an object at a certain location at a specific instance in time does not provide sufficient information to asses its safety. A framework for understanding behaviours of vehicle motion is indispensable. In addition, environmental constraints should be taken into account especially for urban traffic environments. A bottom up approach towards the final goal of constructing a model to estimate the risk of collision for a vehicle is presented. The simpler case of “free” motion is first presented. The thesis then proposes to take collision risk estimation further by being more “environmentally aware” where environmental structures and constraints are explicitly taken into account for urban traffic scenarios. This thesis proposes a complete probabilistic model motion at the trajectory level based the Gaussian Process (GP). Its advantage over current methods is that it is able to express future motion independently of state space discretization. Driving behaviours are modelled with a variant of the Hidden Markov Model. The combination of these two models provides a complete probabilistic model for vehicle evolution in time. Additionally a general method of probabilistically evaluating collision risk is presented, where different forms of risk values with different semantics can be obtained, depending on its applications
Labonté, Sébastien. « Expérimentation du système de positionnement global (GPS) pour la localisation des accidents de la route en Montérégie ». Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2004. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2408.
Texte intégralBOYERA, FLORENCE. « Analyse des lesions de la face dans les accidents de la route : a propos de 298 cas ». Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1M285.
Texte intégralHouidi, Ajmi. « Nouvelle formulation de la dynamique du choc : application aux accidents des véhicules à deux roues ». Lyon, INSA, 2005. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2005ISAL0053/these.pdf.
Texte intégralAchit, Hamza. « Analyse économique des préjudices et des indemnisations des accidents de la circulation routière : une approche par la victime ». Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC0049.
Texte intégralThis thesis analyzes the economic consequences of road accidents for the injured victims. We study the impacts in terms of health spending and in terms of sick leave. The analyses rely on an original dataset obtained by a specific extraction from the information system of the French Health Insurance. This information system constitutes an almost exhaustive database of victimsof road accidents.Different descriptive and econometric analyses are conducted. First, we use generalized estimating equations models to analyze the determinants of extra health expenses, and survival models for the analysis of the determinants of economic loss related to a sick leave episode. Secondly, we analyze the evolution of these extra expenses and losses over time by means of agroup-based trajectory model. This method also allowed us to establish a typology of injured victims based on the similarity of long-run outcomes. Finally, to inform the public and decision makers on the costs occasioned for the different types of accident victims we evaluate the averagecausal effect of an accident with the exact matching method
Fiume, Marie Marguerite. « L'indemnisation des victimes d'accidents de la circulation dans les Etats membres de la Conférence interafricaine des marchés d'assurance ». Amiens, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AMIE0053.
Texte intégralThe increasing concern with regard to Motor vehicles traffic Jam brings back the acute problem of damages indemnification. To solve this problem twelve african countries inspired by the french system decided in the framework of the treaty of july 10th 1992 -treaty whose purpose was to establish an integrated system of insurance- to set up a system of indemnification of the victims of motor vehicles traffic. The issue is that of the civil liability of motor vehicles established by their strict participation in traffic accidents. The reparation for the civil damages warranted by the motor vehicle insurance which is a requisite or by the fund of warranty of motor vehicle is harmonised by the application of absolute ceilings prescribed by law. The reason is to maintain the insurance companies afloat financially and economically. To be more efficient the system of indemnification uses two different procedures clearly established: the amicable resolution a prerequisite to the judicial procedure. At the end of the proceeding the victim damage should be repaired however most of the time that is not the case and the result is very mitigated. A system that tends by its procedures of indemnification to maintain insurance companies afloat as opposed to protect the consumer is not a satisfying one. The recourse to absolute ceilings misleads the assessment of the damage. Furthermore, when accidents occur without fault of a third party the victim is left without access to the cover of the motor vehicle insurance. To make matters worse the inadequacy of the fund for motor vehicles warranty results in victims of motor vehicles accidents left any remedy. A legislative intervention was needed (CIMA). An assessment of the treaty efficiency after ten years of existence was necessary to add more protection toward the consumer
Grossetête, Matthieu. « La sécurité routière au radar des inégalités sociales : codage et décodages d'un problème public ». Toulouse 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008TOU10046.
Texte intégralThere are not official data in France that enables to link social positions with death on the road. Yet, related road mortality doesn't occur randomly. Powerless and poorer people appear to be over represented among those dying on the road. Crash reports statistics' analysis establishes a social fact surprisingly under documented : social groups are unequal in front of mortal road crashes. With a remarkable stability, working class drivers are over-represented among those who die on the road while upper classes are under-represented. Moreover the latter are those who mainly beneficiated from the 2002-2005 decrease in road mortality
Labadie, Romain. « Étude et prévention des accidents de la route impliquant le cerf de Virginie dans l'Ouest-de-la-Montérégie ». Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2595.
Texte intégralSango, Hammadoun Aly. « Epidémiologie et surveillance des accidents corporels de la route dans un pays en développement : cas du Mali (Bamako) ». Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0321/document.
Texte intégralIntroduction: According to the joint publication by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Bankof the world report on the prevention of the traumas every year the road accidents are responsible for more than1.2 million deaths. 90 % of these deaths arise in low-income countries or intermediary. The fight against thisplague is impeded by the quality of the data which were collected and reported concerning road accidents, by thelack of performance and efficiency of the existing tools of data collection and the non-representativeness of thepopulations of study. In the face of the growing increase of the traffic accidents in developing countries andparticularly in our country, Mali, and the serious lack of a reliable and extrapolable data collection system in thegeneral population, we put in position a research project.Objective: It is to characterize the personal accidents of the road recorded in the structures of health and in allthe police stations of the District of Bamako in order to propose an effective and sustainable information systemallowing to endow Mali of an operational and relevant monitoring system which is able to help in the decisionmakingand in the operational actions of prevention and coverage of the road accidents thus, favoring thecreation of a national monitoring observatory of the road safety based on the rise and the coding of reports.Methods: we proceeded to an estimation of the number of accidents by the method of capture - recapture over aperiod of four months (from January to April, 2012) from a matching of the physical accidental data of the roadof the structures of health and the police. We also led an epidemiological surveillance over 12 months (fromJanuary to April 2012) concerning only the data collected in the police services.Results: The global estimation of the accident victims was absolutely upper to the enumeration of 2 sources thatis 8518 (8047-8990) victims, against 1432 for the police and 3586 for the health services. We can conclude thatthe capture - recapture is a sensitive method of estimation of the exhaustiveness of the applicable number of roadaccidents in low-income countries. On the other hand with the mortality, this underestimate decreases 99 versus57 for the police and 54 for the health services. The study of the surveillance of the RTA from January toDecember, 2012 recorded 2512 accidents with 3905 victims, among whom 407 badly wounded persons and 142persons killed, involving 4434 vehicles.The analysis of the predictive factors of the gravity revealed a vulnerability of individuals who were under 15OR=1.10 (1.05-1.15) and those who were 60 years old or above OR=1.15 (1.06-1.25).Among the causes of the accidents, the carelessness of the pedestrian was the factor the most associated with thegravity of the RTA OR=1.22 (1.06-1.40). The defect of light was associated significantly with the gravity of theroad accidents in Bamako OR=1.05 (1.02-1.09).The analysis of the predictive factors of the lethality showed arisk of dying higher with those were 60 years old and above OR=1.06 (1.01-1.12). The housewives had a lowerrisk of death more important than the other socio-professional classes OR=0.97 (0.96-0.99). Among the causesof the road accidents, the carelessness of the pedestrian was the factor the most associated with the risk of death1.11 (1.02-1.23). Weather conditions especially the rainy season and the cold season were the most lethal periodsof the road accident victims OR=1.08 (1.03-1.13).Conclusion: we can say that this study allowed to clarify human factors significantly associated to the gravityand the lethality of the road accidents, but it has also highlighted the important under estimation of the number ofthe victims of the road by the capture-recapture method which has compared two springs of data (police andhospital)