Bibliographies thématiques / 937/.7

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « 937/.7 »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 25 juillet 2024
Mis à jour le 26 juillet 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "937/.7"

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SINGH, RAJEEV KUMAR. « Lectotypification of three Linnaean names in Impatiens (Balsaminaceae) ». Phytotaxa 321, no 3 (19 septembre 2017) : 299. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.321.3.8.

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The genus Impatiens Linnaeus (1753: 937) consists of about 1000 species, distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of the Old World as well as in the northern temperate regions (Mabberley 2008). In India there are about 215 species of Impatiens recorded so far, of which 142 species are endemic, and the highest diversity occurs in two regions, viz. the Eastern Himalayas and the Western Ghats (Singh 2016a, 2016b, Singh & Garg 2016). During an ongoing study on the systematics of Impatiens in India, a total of 37 binomials have already been lectotypified and one neotypified previously (Singh 2016a, 2016b). Linnaeus (1753) published 7 names under Impatiens [Impatiens balsamina Linnaeus (1753: 938), I chinensis Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. cornuta Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. latifolia Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. oppositifolia Linnaeus (1753: 937), I. triflora Linnaeus (1753: 938) and I. noli-tangere Linnaeus (1753: 938)] in Species Plantarum. The names I. chinensis, I. cornuta and I. latifolia appear to be yet untypified and are investigated here as a part of systematic study of this genus in India. The designation of the nomenclatural type for these names is based on an assessment of Linnaeus’s original materials and the literature cited in protologue. The images of the selected lectotypes specimens at BM and LINN are available online (http://www.nhm.ac.uk/research-curation/scientific-resources/collections/botanical-collections and http://linnean-online.org/linnaean_herbarium.html).
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Valecce, Anastasia. « Zavattini : Il Neo-Realismo e il Nuovo Cinema Latino-americano Volumi I–II, David Brancaleone (2019) ». Journal of Italian Cinema & ; Media Studies 9, no 2 (1 mars 2021) : 324–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jicms_00077_5.

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Review of: Zavattini: Il Neo-Realismo e il Nuovo Cinema Latino-americano Volumi I–II, David Brancaleone (2019) Vol. I, Parma: Diabasis, 486 pp., ISBN 978-8-88103-935-7, p/bk, €24.00 Vol. II, Parma: Diabasis 794 pp., ISBN 978-8-88103-937-1, e-book, free
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Esdaille, Ashanda Rosetta Patrice, Jose A. Karam, Philippe E. Spiess, Jay D. Raman, Daniel D. Shapiro, Pranav Sharma, Wade J. Sexton et al. « Peri-operative morbidity and mortality in a modern series of patients treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) at five centers. » Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no 6_suppl (20 février 2021) : 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.6_suppl.268.

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268 Background: For metastatic renal cell cancer (mRCC) patients considering cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN), perioperative morbidity is important to discuss but few contemporary multi-institutional data are available. The objective of this study is to describe factors associated with perioperative outcomes in a modern multi-institutional cohort of patients treated with cytoreductive nephrectomy. Methods: Data for perioperative complications was recorded for patients treated with CN at 5 centers from 2005-2019. Postoperative complications within 90 days were categorized using Clavien- Dindo system. Univariate and multivariable analysis was used to evaluate for associations with complications and 90-day mortality. Factors evaluated included receipt of pre-surgical systemic therapy, ECOG performance status (PS), Charlson comorbidity index (CCI), concurrent IVC thrombectomy, age, and surgical approach (open vs. laparoscopic/robotic). Results: Perioperative outcomes were evaluated in 937 consecutive patients treated with CN at 5 institutions from 2005-2019. Median age at surgery was 61 years (IQR 53-68) and median tumor diameter was 9.8cm (IQR 7-12).Venous thrombus was present in 406/937 (43.3%) patients overall including 65/406 (16%) patients for whom IVC thrombus extended above the hepatic veins. Open and laparoscopic/robotic approach was used in 715 (76.3%) and 290 (23.4%) patients. The median ECOG PS was 1 (IQR 0-1) and median CCI was 1 (IQR 0-2). Pre-surgical systemic therapy was given to 243 (25.9%) patients prior to CN. The median length of hospital stay was 5 days (IQR 4-7) and 429 (34.6%) received blood transfusion. Median length of stay was 3.0 (IQR 2-4) for laparoscopic/robotic approach and 6 days (IQR 4-8) for patients with IVC thrombectomy. Hospital readmission within 30 days was identified in 112 (9.0%) patients. A total of 93/937 (9.9%) patients had major (≥Clavien 3) complications identified within 90 days postoperatively. On multivariable analysis, IVC thrombectomy was associated with higher risk of major complications OR 1.95 (95% CI 1.2-3.1), p = 0.006. Pre-surgical systemic therapy, ECOG PS, CCI, age and surgical approach were not associated with major complications (p = 0.09-0.85). Perioperative mortality was 12/937 (1.3%) at 30 days and 51/937 (6.7%) at 90 days. After multivariable analysis, pre-surgical systemic therapy, ECOG PS, CCI, age, and IVC thrombectomy were not associated with perioperative mortality (p = 0.1-0.85). Conclusions: Cytoreductive nephrectomy is associated with major complications for 10% of patients and 1% mortality at 30 days. Pre-surgical systemic therapy was not associated with increased risk of complications or mortality.
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Pina-Jiménez, Emmanuel, Fernando Calzada, Elihú Bautista, Rosa María Ordoñez-Razo, Claudia Velázquez, Elizabeth Barbosa et Normand García-Hernández. « Incomptine A Induces Apoptosis, ROS Production and a Differential Protein Expression on Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma Cells ». International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no 19 (29 septembre 2021) : 10516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms221910516.

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Sesquiterpene lactones are of pharmaceutical interest due their cytotoxic and antitumor properties, which are commonly found within plants of several genera from the Asteraceae family such as the Decachaeta genus. From Decachaeta incompta four heliangolide, namely incomptines A-D have been isolated. In this study, cytotoxic properties of incomptine A (IA) were evaluated on four lymphoma cancer cell lines: U-937, Farage, SU-DHL-2, and REC-1. The type of cell death induced by IA and its effects on U-937 cells were analyzed based on its capability to induce apoptosis and produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) through flow cytometry with 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining, dual annexin V/DAPI staining, and dichlorofluorescein 2′,7′-diacetate, respectively. A differential protein expression analysis study was carried out by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) through UPLC-MS/MS. Results reveal that IA exhibited cytotoxic activity against the cell line U-937 (CC50 of 0.12 ± 0.02 μM) and the incubation of these cells in presence of IA significantly increased apoptotic population and intracellular ROS levels. In the proteomic approach 1548 proteins were differentially expressed, out of which 587 exhibited a fold-change ≥ 1.5 and 961 a fold-change ≤ 0.67. Most of these differentially regulated proteins are involved in apoptosis, oxidative stress, glycolytic metabolism, or cytoskeleton structuration.
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Bengio, S., D. Gilbert, P. Peulve, M. Daveau et M. Fontaine. « Biosynthesis of the third component of complement (C3) by the human monocytic-cell line U-937 Induction by phorbol myristate acetate ». Biochemical Journal 239, no 3 (1 novembre 1986) : 711–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2390711.

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Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA)-stimulated human monocyte-like cells (U-937) were found to synthesize the third component of complement (C3), as shown by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunoprecipitation from [35S]methionine-labelled culture supernatants. C3 synthesis occurred at a rate of about 160 ng of C3/24 h per 10(6) cells on day 7 after addition of PMA; it was blocked by cycloheximide treatment and was restored after removal of the inhibitor. SDS/polyacrylamide-gel-electrophoretic analysis of the immunoprecipitated protein showed that the size and subunit structure of the newly synthesized C3 were identical with those of plasma C3, and that a single-chain intracellular precursor was present in the cell lysates. Haemolytic assays showed that the synthesized C3 fully expressed functional activity in early culture within 4 h. After longer culture, a loss of haemolytic activity was observed. The possibility that newly secreted C3 is cleaved by U-937 cells themselves was suggested.
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Kantengwa, S., A. M. Capponi, J. V. Bonventre et B. S. Polla. « Calcium and the heat-shock response in the human monocytic line U-937 ». American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 259, no 1 (1 juillet 1990) : C77—C83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1990.259.1.c77.

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In the human monocytic line U-937, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25-(OH)2D3] increases cytosolic free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i). 1,25-(OH)2D3 also enhances the synthesis of heat-shock proteins (HSPs) when U-937 cells are exposed to elevated temperatures. To establish whether these two effects of 1,25-(OH)2D3 are related, we examined the effects of calcium on the heat-shock (HS) response, as well as the influence of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on this system. The equilibrium dissociation constant (Kd) of the fluorescent probe used to measure [Ca2+]i, fura-2, at 37 and 45 degrees C was found to be 191 and 234 nM, respectively. Exposure of U-937 cells to 45 degrees C did not increase [Ca2+]i under conditions in which active efflux of the dye was prevented by the organic anion transport inhibitor probenecid (1 mM). In cells preincubated in calcium-free medium, with subsequent addition of 4 mM EGTA before HS, or exposed to the calmodulin antagonist N-(6-aminohexyl)-5-chloro-1-naphthalene sulfonamide (W-7), the increase in HSPs synthesis was not affected. Cell viability, assessed by [3H]thymidine uptake, was not different between cells exposed to HS in calcium-containing or calcium-free media. Moreover, the effects of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on the HS response were also observed in a calcium-depleted medium, indicating that the effects of 1,25-(OH)2D3 on HSP synthesis were not mediated by [Ca2+]i.
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Rammeh, Soumaya, Emna Romdhane, Amira Arfaoui Toumi, Yoldez Houcine, Rym Lahiani, Asma Sassi, Helmi Mardassi, Mamia Ben Salah et Mohamed Ferjaoui. « Efficacy of Fine-Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Tuberculous Cervical Lymphadenitis ». Acta Cytologica 62, no 2 (2018) : 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000487503.

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Objective: This study assesses the role of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of tuberculous lymphadenitis (TL) in comparison with histology and bacteriology findings. Study Design: We undertook a descriptive retrospective study of 937 FNAC specimens from 851 patients with cervical lymph nodes. The FNAC findings were then compared to histopathology and bacteriology. Results: Of the 937 aspirates, the cytopathological diagnoses consisted of 426 (55.9%) TL, 185 (24.3%) reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, 18 (2.3%) suppurative inflammation, 78 (10.2%) malignant metastatic tumor, and 54 (7%) lymphoma. Of the 426 TL cases, 171 were diagnosed by FNAC combined with bacteriological examination. In this group, 22 cases were found to be positive on Ziehl-Neelsen stain and 16 by culture. A histopathology report was available for 62 cases. Compared to histopathology, the overall diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of FNAC in the diagnosis of cervical TL were, respectively, 96.77, 100, 100, and 96.67%. When comparing bacteriology to histopathology, these values were 97.44, 100, 100, and 91.67%. Conclusion: Our study shows that FNAC is a sensitive and specific tool for the diagnosis of cervical TL.
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Tesfaye, Solomon, Hannah Braun, Kaleab Asres, Ephrem Engidawork, Anteneh Belete, Ilias Muhammad, Christian Schulze, Nadin Schultze, Sebastian Guenther et Patrick J. Bednarski. « Ethiopian Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used for the Treatment of Cancer ; Part 3 : Selective Cytotoxic Activity of 22 Plants against Human Cancer Cell Lines ». Molecules 26, no 12 (15 juin 2021) : 3658. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123658.

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Medicinal plants have been traditionally used to treat cancer in Ethiopia. However, very few studies have reported the in vitro anticancer activities of medicinal plants that are collected from different agro-ecological zones of Ethiopia. Hence, the main aim of this study was to screen the cytotoxic activities of 80% methanol extracts of 22 plants against human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), as well as human breast (MCF-7), lung (A427), bladder (RT-4), and cervical (SiSo) cancer cell lines. Active extracts were further screened against human large cell lung carcinoma (LCLC-103H), pancreatic cancer (DAN-G), ovarian cancer (A2780), and squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus (KYSE-70) by using the crystal violet cell proliferation assay, while the vitality of the acute myeloid leukemia (HL-60) and histiocytic lymphoma (U-937) cell lines was monitored in the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) microtiter assay. Euphorbia schimperiana, Acokanthera schimperi, Kniphofia foliosa, and Kalanchoe petitiana exhibited potent antiproliferative activity against A427, RT-4, MCF-7, and SiSo cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 1.85 ± 0.44 to 17.8 ± 2.31µg/mL. Furthermore, these four extracts also showed potent antiproliferative activities against LCLC-103H, DAN-G, A2780, KYSE-70, HL-60, and U-937 cell lines, with IC50 values ranging from 0.086 to 27.06 ± 10.8 µg/mL. Hence, further studies focusing on bio-assay-guided isolation and structural elucidation of active cytotoxic compounds from these plants are warranted.
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Lykov, A. P., S. N. Belogorodtsev, E. K. Nemkova, A. Vetlugina, T. M. Terekhova et Ya Sh Schwartz. « Effect of mevalonate, zoledronate and BCG on monocyte/macrophage phenotype ». Сибирский научный медицинский журнал 43, no 3 (23 juin 2023) : 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/ssmj20230306.

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Cells of innate immunity, mainly monocytes/macrophages, form a long-term nonspecific immunological memory during the initial encounter with the pathogen, the so-called trained immunity. Mevalonate pathway metabolites play an important role in the formation of trained immunity. The aim of this investigation was to study the effect of modulators of mevalonate pathway, mevalonate and zoledronate, on the formation of trained immunity in human and animal monocytes/ macrophages.Material and methods. Human monocyte-like cell lines THP-1 and U-937, peritoneal macrophages of BALB/c mice were used. Trained immunity was induced in vitro by incubation of THP-1 and U-937 monocyte-like cell lines for 24 and 72 hours with inactivated Mycobacteria of BCG vaccine strain, and in vivo by intraperitoneal administration of BCG to BALB/c mice with isolation of peritoneal macrophages on day 7 after infection (lag phase). Cell hyperreactivity was assessed by response to a second stimulus with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and mevalonate, zoledranate in the presence or absence of LPS. Lactate, cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-10), nitric oxide and glucose level was measured in conditioned media from cells.Results and discussion. The study showed that monocyte-like cell lines THP-1 and U-937 responded differently by cytokine production, lactate, and glucose consumption to BCG stimulus in the presence or absence of lag phase. Mevalonate and zoledronate alone or in combination with LPS also stimulated cytokine production in different ways. The presence of lag phase for human monocyte-like cells is essential for the level of cytokine production and glucose consumption. Peritoneal macrophages have been shown to enhance pro-inflammatory cytokine production in response to LPS, mevalonate, and zoledronate.Conclusions. Mevalonate and zoledronate induce trained immunity in monocytes/macrophages.
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Miceli, Marco, Adele Cutignano, Mariarosaria Conte, Raffaella Ummarino, Alessandra Romanelli, Menotti Ruvo, Marilisa Leone et al. « Monoacylglycerides from the Diatom Skeletonema marinoi Induce Selective Cell Death in Cancer Cells ». Marine Drugs 17, no 11 (1 novembre 2019) : 625. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md17110625.

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Microalgae are an excellent source of valuable compounds for nutraceutical and cosmeceutical applications. These photosynthesizing microorganisms are amenable for large-scale production, thus overcoming the bottleneck of biomass supply for chemical and activity characterization of bioactive compounds. This characteristic has recently also prompted the screening of microalgae for potential pharmaceutical applications. Here, we show that monoacylglycerides (MAGs) purified from the marine diatom Skeletonema marinoi have selective cytotoxic activity against the haematological cancer cell line U-937 and colon cancer cell line HCT-116 compared to normal MePR-2B cells. LC-MS analysis of the raw extract revealed that in their natural form, MAGs occur as 2-monoacyl derivatives and include mainly C16 and C20 analogues, but they are converted into the corresponding 1-isomers during purification processes. Pure compounds along with the synthetic 1-monoarachidonoylglycerol tested on HCT-116 and U-937 tumor cell lines induced cell death via apoptosis. The mechanism of action was investigated, and we show that it involves the induction of apoptosis through caspase 3/7 activation. These findings pave the way for the possible use of these molecules as potential anticancer agents or as precursors for the generation of new and more potent and selective compounds against tumor cells.
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Livres sur le sujet "937/.7"

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. Small nuclear reactors and alternative fuels : Hearing before the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Twelfth Congress, first session, on S. 512, S. 937, S. 1067, June 7, 2011. Washington : U.S. G.P.O., 2011.

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The Economy and Society of Pompeii. 1988.

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Los límites al derecho de acceso a la información pública / . Tirant lo Blanch, 2021.

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Li, Ruixi, Georgia Drakakaki, Yansong Miao, Ying Fu et Xiaojuan Li, dir. Coordination of Plant Endomembrane System with Developmental Signals and Environmental Stimuli. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88976-937-7.

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Enzyme-Mediated Stereoselective Synthesis. MDPI, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/books978-3-03921-937-7.

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Frąc, Magdalena, Małgorzata Jędryczka et Emilia Silja Hannula, dir. Soil Fungal Biodiversity for Plant and Soil Health. Frontiers Media SA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88945-937-7.

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Manuel d'échocardiographie Doppler pour le patient en état critique. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-84299-937-7.x5000-0.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "937/.7"

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Slama, M., A. Vieillard-Baron, P. Vignon et B. Cholley. « Différentes coupes et mesures en ETT et ETO ». Dans Manuel d'échocardiographie Doppler pour le patient en état critique, 23–54. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-2-84299-937-7.50004-7.

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« C. 590 : ». Dans British Battles 493–937, 35–48. Anthem Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvv4187r.7.

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Rust, Alexander. « Germany : Pensions vs. Business Income DE : BFH, 7 December 2011, I R 5/11, IStR (2012), p. 222 with remarks by Wassermeyer, F., IStR (2012), 224 and by Herbst C. and Loose, T. Kommentar zum Urteil des BFH“, Betriebsberater (2012), p. 937. » Dans TTCL Series. IBFD, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.59403/2kygdfh023.

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Knight, John. « Ethics and HCI ». Dans Information Security and Ethics, 231–37. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-937-3.ch018.

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The goal of HCI research and design has been to deliver universal usability. Universal usability is making interfaces to technology that everyone can access and use. However, this goal has been challenged in recent times. Critics of usability (e.g., Eliot, 2002) have argued that usability “dumbs down” the user-experience to the lowest common denominator. The critics propose that focusing on ease of use can ignore the sophistication of expert users and consumers. At the same time, researchers have begun to investigate suprafunctional qualities of design including pleasure (Jordan, 2000), emotion (Norman, 2003), and fun. While recent discussions in HCI have bought these questions to the surfaces, they relate to deeper philosophical issues about the moral implications of design. Molotch (2003, p. 7), states that: Decisions about what precisely to make and acquire, and when, where, and how to do it involve moral judgements about what a man is, what a woman is, how a man ought to treat his aged parents…how he himself should grow old, gracefully or disgracefully, and so on. One response to this moral dilemma is to promote well-being rather than hedonism as an ethical design goal.
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Fernandez-Medina, Eduardo, Sabrina De Capitani di Vimercati, Ernesto Damiani, Mario Piattini et Perangela Samarati. « Multimedia Security and Digital Rights Management Technology ». Dans Information Security and Ethics, 1288–320. IGI Global, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-937-3.ch088.

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Multimedia content delivery applications are becoming widespread thanks to increasingly cheaper access to high bandwidth networks. Also, the pervasiveness of XML as a data interchange format has given origin to a number of standard formats for multimedia, such as SMIL for multimedia presentations, SVG for vector graphics, VoiceXML for dialog, and MPEG-21 and MPEG-7 for video. Innovative programming paradigms (such as the one of web services) rely on the availability of XML-based markup and metadata in the multimedia flow in order to customize and add value to multimedia content distributed via the Net. In such a context, a number of security issues around multimedia data management need to be addressed. First of all, it is important to identify the parties allowed to use the multimedia resources, the rights available to the parties, and the terms and conditions under which those rights may be executed: this is fulfilled by the Digital Rights Management (DRM) technology. Secondly, a new generation of security and privacy models and languages is needed, capable of expressing complex filtering conditions on a wide range of properties of multimedia data. In this chapter, we analyze the general problem of multimedia security. We summarize the most important XML-based formats for representing multimedia data, and we present languages for expressing access control policies. Finally, we introduce the most important concepts of the DRM technology.
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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "937/.7"

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NAKAMURA, Shin, Yukio SUZUKI, Takayuki HARADA, Shigeru MORIKAWA, Shunichiro KAWABATA et Sadaaki IWANAGA. « TISSUE FACTOR OF A HUMAN CELL LINE, RET-1 : ITSPRODUCTION, PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES. » Dans XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643287.

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A dendritic cell-like cell line, HIN-Ret-1(RET-1), was found to produce the highest level of tissue factor (TF) among several established cell lines from human lymphoma or leukemia. The TF level expressed by this cell line exceeded 5.6 times that expressed by a monocyte-like cell line, U-937. Unlike other TF producing cell line, i.e. RET-2, HL-60, ML-3, and U-937, the TF expression by RET-1 was spontaneous and unaffected with TP A, PHA, LPS, or MAF. The TF activity of RET-1 was markedly inhibited by Con A as well as that produced by LPS-stimulated monkey monocytes, whereas the TF activity of monkey brain and lung was hardly inhibited by the lectin. Hence, the RET-1 cell lysate solubilized in Triton X-100 was subjected to affinity chromatography on a Con A-Sepharose column, and TF-apoprotein (TF-Apo) was completely bound to the column and eluted with TBS containing 0.15 M α(-methylglucoside and 0.1 % Triton X-100. Further purification of this material was performed with combination of FPLC on a DEAE-5PW column and affinity chromatography using a factor VII-Sepharose column. By these methods, TF-Apo preparation with purification-fold of 9,400 and over-all yield of 7 % was obtained. Its apparent molecular weight was estimated to be 120 kDa by gel filtration in TBS containing 0.1 % Triton X-100. SDS-PAGE gave the value of 47 kDa, which was almost compatible with that of TF-Apo from brain or placenta. TF-Apo frcm the monocytes also bound to the lectin column, suggesting that the apoprotein of these macrophage-related cells has an oligosaccharide chain interacting with the lectin. RET-1 TF-Apo was unstable under acidic condition (<pH 4.0) or in organic solvents such as isopropanol (>18 %) and acetonitrile (>8 %).
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