Bibliographies thématiques / 49K25

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « 49K25 »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 25 mai 2024

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "49K25"

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Monson, Nancy L., Elizabeth Cameron, Sade Spencer, Jonathan Lazarini, Christopher Harp, E. Sally Ward, Mark Burgoon et al. « Unique antibody gene signature in Multiple Sclerosis (49.25) ». Journal of Immunology 182, no 1_Supplement (1 avril 2009) : 49.25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.182.supp.49.25.

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Abstract Patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS), derive the most benefit from disease modifying pharmacotherapies the earlier they are treated. Patients who have had a single episode of demyelination are at greater risk to develop clinically definite MS, but are not treated for MS, even though diagnosis of clinically definite MS could be significantly delayed if currently approved treatments are initiated immediately after the first attack. Defining biomarkers that identify patients with one demyelinating event who will convert to MS may provide a tool to allow earlier treatment of this "at risk" patient group. We have discovered a unique pattern of somatic mutations in the antibody genes of B cells isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with MS that can accurately and independently predict patients that subsequently develop definite MS after a single episode of demyelination. This antibody signature represents the first genetic biomarker candidate for MS outside of the MHC locus. If independently confirmed, our observations will have a major impact as a new diagnostic tool in patients with very early demyelinating disease of the CNS. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to NLM (RO1 NS 40993) and MKR (RO1 NS 37513, RO1 AI 47133, and K24 NS 44250), the National Multiple Sclerosis Society (NMSS) to NLM (RG3267) and JLB (RG3908), the Yellow Rose Foundation (NLM and MKR), the Wadsworth Foundation (to NLM) and Howson funds (to NLM).
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ㅤ. « De Hoon c.s. / Hendriks (TvAR 1998/4925) ». Tijdschrift voor Agrarisch Recht 58, no 7 (1 juillet 1998) : ㅤ. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/tvar1998.7-8.011.

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Menza, Timothy W., Stephen A. Berry, Julia C. Dombrowski, Edward Cachay, Heidi M. Crane et Kenneth H. Mayer. « Estimating the Proportion of People Living With HIV Who May Benefit From the Reverse Algorithm for the Diagnosis of Incident Syphilis ». Sexually Transmitted Diseases 51, no 6 (juin 2024) : e26-e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000001955.

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Abstract Among 8455 people engaged in HIV care in 4 US cities, 4925 (58%) had treponemal testing at care entry. Of the 4925 tested, 3795 (77%) had a nonreactive result and might benefit from the reverse algorithm for a future incident syphilis diagnosis. Furthermore, low-barrier treponemal testing as a first step in the reverse algorithm may increase syphilis screening and decrease time to treatment.
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Hu, Zhe, Hanqing Dai, Xian Wei, Danlu Su, Chang Wei, Yuanyuan Chen, Fengxian Xie, Wanlu Zhang, Ruiqian Guo et Songnan Qu. « 49.25% efficient cyan emissive sulfur dots via a microwave-assisted route ». RSC Advances 10, no 29 (2020) : 17266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ra02778b.

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Scotti Requena, Simone, Jane Pirkis, Dianne Currier, Mike Conway, Simon Lee, Jackie Turnure, Jennifer Cummins et Angela Nicholas. « An Evaluation of the Boys Do Cry Suicide Prevention Media Campaign on Twitter : Mixed Methods Approach ». JMIR Formative Research 7 (7 septembre 2023) : e49325. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/49325.

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Background In most countries, men are more likely to die by suicide than women. Adherence to dominant masculine norms, such as being self-reliant, is linked to suicide in men in Western cultures. We created a suicide prevention media campaign, “Boys Do Cry,” designed to challenge the “self-reliance” norm and encourage help-seeking in men. A music video was at the core of the campaign, which was an adapted version of the “Boys Don’t Cry” song from “The Cure.” There is evidence that suicide prevention media campaigns can encourage help-seeking for mental health difficulties. Objective We aimed to explore the reach, engagement, and themes of discussion prompted by the Boys Do Cry campaign on Twitter. Methods We used Twitter analytics data to investigate the reach and engagement of the Boys Do Cry campaign, including analyzing the characteristics of tweets posted by the campaign’s hosts. Throughout the campaign and immediately after, we also used Twitter data derived from the Twitter Application Programming Interface to analyze the tweeting patterns of users related to the campaign. In addition, we qualitatively analyzed the content of Boys Do Cry–related tweets during the campaign period. Results During the campaign, Twitter users saw the tweets posted by the hosts of the campaign a total of 140,650 times and engaged with its content a total of 4477 times. The 10 highest-performing tweets by the campaign hosts involved either a video or an image. Among the 10 highest-performing tweets, the first was one that included the campaign’s core video; the second was a screenshot of the tweet posted by Robert Smith, the lead singer of The Cure, sharing the Boys Do Cry campaign’s video and tagging the campaign’s hosts. In addition, the pattern of Twitter activity for the campaign-related tweets was considerably higher during the campaign than in the immediate postcampaign period, with half of the activity occurring during the first week of the campaign when Robert Smith promoted the campaign. Some of the key topics of discussions prompted by the Boys Do Cry campaign on Twitter involved users supporting the campaign; referencing the original song, band, or lead singer; reiterating the campaign’s messages; and having emotional responses to the campaign. Conclusions This study demonstrates that a brief media campaign such as Boys Do Cry can achieve good reach and engagement and can prompt discussions on Twitter about masculinity and suicide. Such discussions may lead to greater awareness about the importance of seeking help and providing support to those with mental health difficulties. However, this study suggests that longer, more intensive campaigns may be needed in order to amplify and sustain these results.
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Adriani, Marsilio, Krystin Jones, Martha Kirby, Stacie Anderson, Christopher Silvin, Stephen Wincowitch et Fabio Candotti. « Defects of Regulatory T Cell function In The Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome. (49.25) ». Journal of Immunology 184, no 1_Supplement (1 avril 2010) : 49.25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.184.supp.49.25.

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Abstract Natural Tregs from both WAS patients and WASp-deficient (WKO) mice were previously reported as unable to suppress the proliferation of conventional T-cells in vitro. Because WAS T-cells have a known defect of IL-2 production and this cytokine is important for the generation of Treg cells induced from naïve T-cells, we assessed the efficiency with which WKO naïve T-cells can differentiate in Tregs and observed a significant defect compared to WT. Such defect was not corrected by increasing concentration of anti-CD3 and TGF-β. Preliminary experiments indicated a role for endogenous IL-2 production in the generation of iTregs and pointed again to the IL-2 pathway as a major determinant of the Treg cells defects in WAS. Furthermore, we previously observed that the impaired suppression of T-cell proliferation could be partially rescued by pre-activation of nTregs. Because activated nTregs are known to be able to induce B-cell apoptosis, we set out to evaluate the function of WKO nTregs on B-cells. We found that pre-activated WKO Treg cells fail to effectively suppress B-cell proliferation. The reduced granzyme-B secretion by WKO nTregs compared to WT, suggest that the defective suppressive activity on B-cells may be due to a degranulation defect of WKO cells. In summary, our data suggest that both natural and induced arms of T regulatory cells are defective in WAS and that defective peripheral Treg induction may be involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity in this disease.
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Portela, Larisse Passos Ribeiro, Lucília Da Costa Silva, Thaysa Ferreira Rodrigues, Luciane Marta Neiva de Oliveira et João Batista Raposo Mazullo Filho. « Análise da qualidade do sono em Mulheres climatéricas ativas e sedentárias ». ConScientiae Saúde 16, no 2 (4 octobre 2017) : 274–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.5585/conssaude.v16n2.7328.

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Introduo: O climatrio caracterizado pelo estado fisiolgico do hipoestrogenismo, com a interrupo definitiva dos ciclos menstruais. Objetivo: Analisar a qualidade do sono em mulheres climatricas ativas e sedentrias. Mtodos: A pesquisa foi realizada com 60 mulheres climatricas, onde foram dividas em trs grupos, 20 praticantes de exerccio aerbico, 20 que realizam treinamento resistido e 20 sedentrias, a coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de dois questionrios, para analise dos dados foi usado o teste Pearson Qui-quadrado com intervalo de confiana em 95% e significncia estabelecida em p 0,05. Resultados: A mdia de idade dos grupos de 49,25�0,97 a 53,4�1,08. Os resultados apontam uma dife 49,25�0,97 a 53,4�1,08. Os resultados apontam uma diferena significativa quando comparados os grupos a sintomatologia, porm com o questionrio de PSQI no houve diferenas significativas. Concluso: O estudo mostrou que comparadas quanto a sintomatologia, as mulheres praticantes de exerccios anaerbicos obtiveram um melhor resultado, entretanto em relao a qualidade do sono precisa-se de mais estudo.
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Chen Brazill, Shihua. « Chinese International Doctoral Students’ Cross-Cultural Socialization : Leveraging Strengths and Multiple Identities ». International Journal of Doctoral Studies 17 (2022) : 087–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4925.

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Aim/Purpose: The purpose of this study is to use narrative inquiry to discover and understand how Chinese students leverage their strengths and multiple identities in socializing to American higher education and their profession. Chinese students engage with American academic culture while embracing their multiple identities. I will explore the cultural strengths they use to socialize and develop their personal, social, cultural, and professional identities in their doctoral educational experience. Background: Chinese international doctoral students encounter a unique socialization experience during their doctoral studies because they lack meaningful cross-cultural support. Likewise, it is problematic that Chinese students are often viewed as a homogeneous group and much prior research has emphasized the traditional deficit perspective in explaining how Chinese students must adjust and assimilate to the university environment. Methodology: This qualitative research uses narrative inquiry to study Chinese international doctoral students’ socialization experiences while retaining their authentic voices. Narrative inquiry allows for a more nuanced understanding of the experiences of Chinese students compared to the perceptions imposed by other stakeholders. The narrative methodology provides diverse ways to understand Chinese student interactions within American culture, place, and context. This study applies the three-dimensional approach to retell participants’ stories. The three-dimensional approach is more holistic and provides a broad lens to learn about the interactions, past, present, and future experiences of individuals through time and space. Contribution: This research shifts the narrative from the deficit view to a strength-based perspective as to how Chinese international doctoral students can rely on their cultural values and multiple identities as strengths to succeed academically, socially, and emotionally. Findings: Findings related to the literature in two important ways. First, findings support how the six cultural strengths of Yosso’s community cultural wealth apply to Chinese international doctoral students. Chinese students’ stories align with these strengths and through these strengths, they explore and develop their personal, social, cultural, and professional identity. Second, Chinese students’ stories as a counternarrative challenged and contradicted the essentialist view and misconception that Chinese students are a homogenous group personally, socially, culturally, or academically. Recommendations for Practitioners: The findings from this study offer insight for practitioners into what institutions and departments might do to support Chinese international doctoral students in their socialization journey. It is vital to support the whole student through understanding their multiple identities. Recommendation for Researchers: Chinese students and other diverse learners may benefit from peer and faculty mentors in different ways. Therefore, understanding the unique cross-cultural socialization needs and strength-based perspective will help tailor social activities and inclusive learning environments. Impact on Society: The current political, economic, and social relationships between the U.S. and China make it vital for American institutions to consider Chinese international doctoral students’ cross-cultural socialization journey. Future Research: Though it is hoped that this study is transferable, specific issues of how it can be generalized to other Chinese international doctoral students in other areas of the U.S. are beyond the scope of this study. Future research might explore how Chinese International doctoral students’ socialization experiences differ depending on where they study in the U.S.
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Helle, P., et R. J. Fuller. « Migrant Passerine Birds in European Forest Successions in Relation to Vegetation Height and Geographical Position ». Journal of Animal Ecology 57, no 2 (juin 1988) : 565. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4925.

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Castaing, Marc, François Balembois, Patrick Georges, Thierry Georges, Kathleen Schaffers et John Tassano. « Diode-pumped Nd:YVO_4/Yb:S-FAP laser emitting at 985 and 4925 nm ». Optics Letters 33, no 11 (29 mai 2008) : 1234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.33.001234.

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Thèses sur le sujet "49K25"

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Mokhtari, Yacine. « Stabilisation et contrôle de quelques systèmes hyperboliques ». Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCD024.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à l’étude de deux problèmes issus de la théorie du contrôle des EDP. Dans un premier temps, on étudie le comportement asymptotique de la solution du système de von Kàrmàn viscoélastique unidimensionnel avec retard. On montre que ce dernier est bien posé dans un espace fonctionnel convenable en utilisant la méthode de Faedo-Galerkin. Pour établir notre résultat de stabilité, on utilise la méthode de Lyapunov en construisant une fonctionnelle adéquate. Dans un deuxième temps, on étudie le problème de la contrôlabilité et de la stabilisation par le bord pour l’équation des ondes unidimensionnelle dans un domaine non cylindrique. Pour la contrôlabilité, on utilise la méthode des caractéristiques pour construire l’unique solution du problème. Nous sommes alors capables de donner l’expression explicite du contrôle pour lequel le système atteint le point d’équilibre après un certain temps. De plus, on montre que ce temps est optimal. Pour la stabilisation, nous fournissons une condition nécessaire et suffisante pour que l’énergie du système décroisse à un taux prédéterminé. De plus, l’influence de la géométrie du domaine et l’influence d’un amortisseur dépendant du temps sont clarifiées. Dans un troisième temps, on étudie la contrôlabilité par le bord de deux ´équations d’ondes couplées par un couplage d’ordre un avec coefficients qui dépendent de l’espace et du temps. On fournit une condition nécessaire et suffisante pour la contrôlabilité exacte en haute fréquences dansle cas général et pour la continuation unique dans le cas cascade
This thesis is devoted to the study of two problems related to the theory of control of PDE.In a first time, we study the asymptotic behavior of the solution to the one-dimensional viscoelastic von Kàrmàn system with delay. We prove that the latter system is well-posed in a suitable functional space using the Faedo-Galerkin method. To establish our stability result, we employ the Lyapunov method by using a suitable candidate functional.In a second time, we study the problem of boundary controllability and stabilization for the one-dimensional wave equation in non-cylindrical domains. For the controllability, one uses the characteristics method to build the unique solution. We will then be able to give the explicit expression of the controls for which the system reaches the equilibrium point after a certain time. Moreover, we show that this time is optimal.For the stabilization, we provide a necessary and sufficient condition that guarantees the energy decay at any desired rate. In addition, the influences of the domain geometry and time-dependent feedback are clarified. In a third time, we study the boundary controllability of two coupled one-dimensional wave equations with first-order coupling terms with coefficients depending on space and time. We give a necessary and sufficient conditions for both exact controllability in high frequency in the general case and for the unique continuation in the cascade case
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Hickman, Richard J. « Transcriptional regulatory codes underlying Arabidopsis stress responses ». Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/49625/.

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Plant adaptation to stress is dependent upon the initialisation of molecular signalling networks that regulate the expression of stress-related genes. By examining high-resolution microarray datasets it has been possible to track gene expression changes over time during senescence and in response to infection by fungal pathogen Botrytis cineria in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana. Dramatic variations in gene expression are observed at the onset of stress with different groups of genes showing different expression time-courses. This observation must, for a large part, be down to the action of different transcription factors (TFs) binding to the cis-regulatory DNA in the promoters of genes in each group and it is this regulatory code that underpins the gene regulatory networks that regulate stress responses. This thesis presents an interdisciplinary investigation of the regulatory codes that are responsible for controlling plant stress responses. Computational analysis of non-coding sequences provides a powerful approach to identify patterns within DNA that may function to regulate gene expression. This thesis covers the development of Analysis of Plant Promoter-Linked Elements (APPLES), an object-orientated software framework for the analysis of non-coding DNA. Within this environment, methods were developed to probe the regulatory codes that exist within these non-coding sequences and identify regulatory motifs that may function to regulate stress responses in Arabidopsis. APPLES methods were used to identify a novel motif that is likely to play a role in regulating drought responses in Arabidopsis, with experimental approaches providing support for this view. Using known motifs that describe previously characterised TF binding sites, it was possible to identify motifs that are associated with clusters of co-regulated genes identified from the senescence and Botrytis microarray time-course datasets. This analysis revealed cis-regulatory elements that may contribute to generating the observed expression patterns. In a contrasting approach to in silico identification of regulatory elements, the Yeast-1-Hybrid (Y1H) assay was used to experimentally identify interactions between TFs and non-coding DNA. The use of a TF library allowed the ability of approximately 1400 Arabidopsis TFs to interact with a given DNA sequence in a single assay. Using the stress-associated ANAC092 promoter as a test case, it was possible to use this highthroughput procedure to identify TFs that can bind to the promoter of this gene. This high-throughput Y1H system was then used to perform a detailed mapping of protein- DNA interactions that can occur across the core promoters of three highly related stress inducible TF-encoding genes, ANAC019, ANAC055 and ANAC072. Microarrays were used to assess the regulatory consequence of a subset of these interactions by perturbing the expression of interacting TFs and observing the effect on target gene expression during multiple stresses. This approach confirmed predicted regulatory relationships and therefore enhanced the current understanding of the transcriptional regulatory networks that operate during stress responses in Arabidopsis.
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Breger, Ludivine. « Parameters impacting the outcome of cell replacement therapy for Parkinson's disease : a preclinical study ». Thesis, Cardiff University, 2013. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/49925/.

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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common neurodegenerative movement disorder, currently affecting 6.3 million people worldwide. Although it is associated, in the longterm, with severe complications (dyskinesias), L-DOPA remains the gold standardtreatment. An alternative approach to the treatment of PD is the replacement of the lost striatal dopaminergic innervation by transplantation of foetal ventral mesencephalon (VM) dopaminergic precursor cells. Opened trials have provided the proof of concept that intrastriatal VM transplant can survive, integrate and in some cases, restore motor functions. Nevertheless, later double blind studies reported inconsistent benefit of the therapy and the development of dyskinesias remaining after withdrawal of L-DOPA medication. The failure of the animal models in predicting these problems raises concern about their reliability. Therefore, the global aim of this PhD work was to identify some of the critical factors that can influence the functional outcome of cell therapy for PD, and on the basis of this, to develop an improved 6-OHDA unilaterally lesioned rat model for transplantation. The first step was to determine the most reliable method to assess dyskinesias in rats. The second part of this thesis was set out to determine the effect that chronic L-DOPA treatment, administered at different time could had on the survival and function of immunologically incompatible foetal VM transplant. The results demonstrated that L-DOPA administered chronically post-grafting increases the host immune response around the xenogeneic transplant. Therefore, the last set of experiments were designed to create a model of mixed donors graft to better reproduce the patient situation, where each transplant required up to 8 donors from unknown immunological background. All of these experiments come together to help to develop a rat model that more accurately represents all aspects of patients undergoing transplantation for PD.
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Ojra, Jafar. « Strategic management accounting practices in Palestinian companies : application of contingency theory perspective ». Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2014. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/49725/.

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This study uses a quantitative methodology to explore the impact of contingency factors on use of strategic management accounting techniques (SMA), and combined impact of SMA Usage and contingency factors on organisational performance in a less developed country (LDC) context. The exploratory framework included two main dependent variables, namely SMA Usage and organisational performance. For the former, this study gauged the impact of perceived environmental uncertainty (competitive intensity and market turbulence), business strategy (prospector /defender), organisational structure (formalisation and decentralisation), organisational size and organisational technology on SMA Usage. For the latter, this study explored two dimensions of organisational performance (financial and non-financial) and how the conceptualised dimension(s) of organisational structure, SMA Usage, perceived environmental uncertainty and organisational strategy impact on performance. Data were collected from Palestinian large companies (cross sectors); was used to test the conceptualised framework. The analysis was based on 175 responses, representing a response rate of 43.75%. The SPSS package was used to confirm the reliability and validity of factors and also statistically estimated the association coefficients of the conceptualised relationships in the framework. The findings from this study suggest that the usage of SMA techniques is influenced by a number of factors. These are perceived environmental uncertainty (Market Turbulence) and organisational technology. Also, larger organisations tend to use more SMA techniques than smaller.
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John-Bejai, Carus Kristoff Joel. « Wheat floral biology : prospects for improving the efficiency of hybrid seed production and abiotic stress tolerance ». Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/49925/.

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The modification of floral characteristics will be beneficial in improving the efficiency of hybrid seed production and the breeding of more climate resilient varieties in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Methods for phenotyping floral traits were initially tested using small genotype panels under controlled conditions and in field trials. Low-tech phenotyping methods appropriate for use by breeders and researchers were developed and demonstrated to be accurate. A panel of 111 genotypes was subsequently assessed in field trials using these methods. A high level of genotypic variation was observed for anther extrusion, anther length and anthesis duration/pattern and phenotypes were found to be stable across trials. Using this phenotypic data set, floral trait marker-trait associations (MTAs) were detected by association mapping and additional anther extrusion quantitative trait loci (QTLs) have been detected by linkage mapping in a bi-parental population. The phenotypic effects of candidate loci co-localizing with MTAs and QTLs were investigated using TILLING mutants and modifications to floral characteristics have been observed in some mutant lines. The utilization of phenotyping and genomic resources described in the present study is discussed and areas of future research have been identified.
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Bouferrouk, Abdessalem. « A discrete vortex method analysis tool for control of flows with trapped vortices ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/49925/.

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Passive and active control studies have been conducted to investigate the feasibility of stabilising a trapped vortex. Passive stabilisation is achieved using distributed steady wall suction. An enhanced aerodynamic performance with lower drag and higher lift has been achieved as a result of passive stabilisation, but only up to moderate suction rates. When the trapped vortex is stabilised, vortex shedding is completely suppressed and flow unsteadiness is significantly reduced. Compared with steady suction, pulsed suction reduces the required suction rate for stabilisation by over 50% at an optimum pulsing frequency. Using slow suction reduction from a stable state, savings in mean suction are also possible provided the rate of suction reduction is small enough. It appears, however, that such reduction is dependent on the specific shape of the aerofoil’s cavity. A bifurcation analysis has shown that the loss of stability of a trapped vortex, from a stable state to unstable cortex shedding, is also dependent on the cavity configuration. A linear feedback controller with an optimum gain G extends the slow suction reduction results by achieving stabilisation at a reduced mean suction compared with passive stabilisation. Using DVM’s ability to simulate unsteady suction and blowing, active stabilisation using vorticity flux control achieves 16% reduction in mean flow rate compared with linear control and 19% compared with passive stabilisation. The pulsed suction technique remains the most efficient method of stabilisation. Simplified power calculations have shown suction control to be effective but only within a small range of suction rates. Using DVM’s capability of providing controlled input-output data, a linear System Identification study of the trapped vortex has resulted in a dynamical model description of a stable trapped vortex which, despite being a crude estimate, is useful in future stabilisation studies.
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Rahwan, Talal. « Algorithms for coalition formation in multi-agent systems ». Thesis, University of Southampton, 2007. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/49525/.

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Coalition formation is a fundamental form of interaction that allows the creation of coherent groupings of distinct, autonomous, agents in order to efficiently achieve their individual or collective goals. Forming effective coalitions is a major research challenge in the field of multi-agent systems. Central to this endeavour is the problem of determining which of the possible coalitions to form in order to achieve some goal. This usually requires calculating a value for every possible coalition, known as the coalition value, which indicates how beneficial that coalition would be if it was formed. Now since the number of possible coalitions grows exponentially with the number of agents involved, then, instead of having a single agent calculate all these values, it would be more efficient to distribute this calculation among all agents, thus, exploiting all computational resources that are available to the system, and preventing the existence of a single point of failure. Against this background, we develop a novel algorithm for distributing the value calculation among the cooperative agents. Specifically, by using our algorithm, each agent is assigned some part of the calculation such that the agents' shares are exhaustive and disjoint. Moreover, the algorithm is decentralized, requires no communication between the agents, has minimal memory requirements, and can reflect variations in the computational speeds of the agents. To evaluate the effectiveness of our algorithm we compare it with the only other algorithm available in the literature for distributing the coalitional value calculations (due to Shehory and Kraus). This shows that for the case of 25 agents, the distribution process of our algorithm took less than 0.02% of the time, the values were calculated using 0.000006% of the memory, the calculation redundancy was reduced from 383229848 to 0, and the total number of bytes sent between the agents dropped from 1146989648 to 0. Note that for larger numbers of agents, these improvements become exponentially better. Once the coalitional values are calculated, the agents usually need to find a combination of coalitions in which every agent belongs to exactly one coalition, and by which the overall outcome of the system is maximized. This problem, which is widely known as the coalition structure generation problem, is extremely challenging due to the number of possible combinations which grows very quickly as the number of agents increases, making it impossible to go through the entire search space, even for small numbers of agents. Given this, many algorithms have been proposed to solve this problem using different techniques, ranging from dynamic programming, to integer programming, to stochastic search, all of which suffer from major limitations relating to execution time, solution quality, and memory requirements. With this in mind, we develop a novel, anytime algorithm for solving the coalition structure generation problem. Specifically, the algorithm can generate solutions by partitioning the space of all potential coalition structures into sub-spaces containing coalition structures that are similar, according to some criterion, such that these sub-spaces can be pruned by identifying their bounds. Using this representation, the algorithm can then search through the selected sub-space(s) very efficiently using a branch-and-bound technique. We empirically show that we are able to find solutions that are optimal in 0.082% of the time required by the fastest available algorithm in the literature (for 27 agents), and that is using only 33% of the memory required by that algorithm. Moreover, our algorithm is the first to be able to solve the coalition structure generation problem for numbers of agents bigger than 27 in reasonable time (less than 90 minutes for 30 agents as opposed to around 2 months for the current state of the art). The algorithm is anytime, and if interrupted before it would have normally terminated, it can still provide a solution that is guaranteed to be within a bound from the optimal one. Moreover, the guarantees we provide on the quality of the solution are significantly better than those provided by the previous state of the art algorithms designed for this purpose. For example, given 21 agents, and after only 0.0000002% of the search space has been searched, our algorithm usually guarantees that the solution quality is no worse than 91% of optimal value, while previous algorithms only guarantees 9.52%. Moreover, our guarantee usually reaches 100% after 0.0000019% of the space has been searched, while the guarantee provided by other algorithms can never go beyond 50% until the whole space has been searched. Again note that these improvements become exponentially better given larger numbers of agents.
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Watts, Yvonne Joy. « Ofsted 2005 : a new relationship with primary headteachers ? » Thesis, Open University, 2012. http://oro.open.ac.uk/49125/.

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This study concerns the role of the English primary school headteacher within the school inspection process, specifically after the implementation of the key changes made by Ofsted to their inspection framework in 2005. These amendments were considerable, and included moving to shorter inspections with less notice given, alongside schools being required to undertake self- evaluation to inform the inspectorate. Much of a primary school's self-evaluation falls to the headteacher and the study focuses on the implications of Ofsted's New Relationship with Schools for the head. Mixed methods are used for the study. A questionnaire survey was sent to all 749 primary headteachers whose schools were inspected in November 2006 and follow-up interviews were undertaken with a sample of these. The extent of a head's autonomy is considered, to investigate whether variations in approach make any difference to the outcomes for a school. This practitioner study is undertaken by a serving primary headteacher which helps inform the research focus and data analysis. It includes some personal reflection from the researcher, including a consideration of the implications of the research on her professional role. The findings indicate that the primary headteachers in the study believe the new inspection process to have both advantages and disadvantages. Although there is some criticism of Ofsted, most heads recognise the need to be accountable, even though multiple accountabilities to a variety of stakeholders weigh heavily for some. The study concludes that the respondent heads who approach the inspection process with confidence and belief in their school and its practices may help to support a positive outcome by ensuring the school will be seen in the best light possible. This finding may be of interest to primary head teachers and could help to inform their professional practice.
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Marshall, Sarah. « The employment, development and support of part-time lecturers in one UK university ». Thesis, Open University, 2004. http://oro.open.ac.uk/49325/.

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This research explored the nature and extent of the contribution of part-time lecturers to student learning in Higher Education, through a case study of one UK University. It drew on the experiences and opinions of part-time lecturers themselves, and of course directors, who had direct responsibility for managing the courses on which the part-timers taught. The primary data for the study was collected through a survey of each of these two groups of staff, covering the academic year 2000-2001. While the survey data in this study were largely quantitative, the inclusion of open questions provided opportunities for staff to express their own views. The issues raised were analysed against the background of previous research and emerging policy and legislation. The overall picture that emerged was of a group of staff who were enthusiastic and knowledgeable about their subject areas and committed to teaching students. However, their enthusiasm was tempered in many cases by the general failure of the university to manage this very important human resource strategically or effectively. There were examples in the responses of poor communication with part-time staff, poor administration, especially in relation to contracts and payment, lack of consideration of the information and resource needs of part-time lecturers, limited training and development opportunities, high levels of uncertainty and a tendency for managers to view part-time lecturers as a `flexible commodity'. Course directors frequently referred to the additional administration and student support that full-time academics had to take on because of the nature of the contracts given to most part-time lecturers. While there were a few examples of part-time lecturers who were well-integrated and expressed a sense of belonging to the faculty and the organisation, there were many who felt isolated and marginalised: they were rarely included in decision-making processes received only such information as directly related to the module(s) they were teaching, rarely communicated with students outside the lecture theatre or classroom and, when they did undertake broader roles (which many did), were rarely paid for the additional work. Some recommendations are made for a more strategic and inclusive approach to the management of part-time lecturers, which it is believed would have benefits for part-time and full-time lecturers alike, and would also enhance the quality of the student experience. Suggestions are also made for future research and development, including an exploration of the potential for web-based communication to reduce isolation.
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Boyer, Steven Andrew. « Playermaking : the institutional production of digital game players ». Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2014. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4925/.

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This thesis investigates how the digital games industry conceptualises its audiences in both the United States and the United Kingdom. Drawing upon research focused on other media industries, it argues in favour of a constructionist view of the audience that emphasises its discursive form and institutional uses. The term “player” is institutionally constructed in the same way, not referring to the actual people playing games, but to an imagined entity utilised to guide industrial decisions. Using both desk research and information gathered from expert interviews with digital game development professionals, this thesis looks at how ideas about players are formed and held by individual workers, transformed to become relevant for game production, and embedded into broader institutional conceptions that are shared and negotiated across a variety of institutional stakeholders. Adapting the term “audiencemaking” from mass communication research, this thesis identifies three key phases of the “playermaking” process in the digital games industry. First, information about players is gathered through both informal means and highly technologised audience measurement systems. Institutional stakeholders then translate this information into player, product and platform images that can be utilised during production. The remainder of the thesis looks at the more broad third phase in which these images are negotiated amongst a variety of institutional stakeholders as determined by power relations. These negotiations happen between individual workers who hold differing views of the player during development, companies and organisations struggling over position and value across the production chain, and the actual people playing games who strive to gain more influence over the creation of the images meant to represent their interests. These negotiations also reflect national policy contexts within a highly competitive global production network, visible in the comparison between the US neoliberal definition of both the industry and players as primarily market entities and the UK creative industries approach struggling to balance cultural concerns while safeguarding domestic production and inward investment. Ultimately, this thesis argues that conceptions of players are a central force structuring the shape and operation of a digital games industry in the midst of rapid technological, industrial, political and sociocultural change.
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Livres sur le sujet "49K25"

1

De Indische rijsttafel : Recepten van een Indisch kokkie. Doesburg] : Edition Fac Simile, 2014.

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Cadotte, Marc William, Sean M. Mcmahon et Tadashi Fukami, dir. Conceptual Ecology and Invasion Biology : Reciprocal Approaches to Nature. Dordrecht : Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4925-0.

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Micheli, Lyle J., et Laura Purcell, dir. The Adolescent Athlete. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-49825-6.

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Emmerich, Michael, André Deutz, Oliver Schütze, Pierrick Legrand, Emilia Tantar et Alexandru-Adrian Tantar, dir. EVOLVE – A Bridge between Probability, Set Oriented Numerics and Evolutionary Computation VII. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49325-1.

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Perret, Jens K., et Paul J. J. Welfens. Arbeitsbuch Makroökonomik und Wirtschaftspolitik. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49625-1.

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Hayashi, Masahito. Quantum Information Theory. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49725-8.

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Szabados, Ágnes, Mihály Kállay et Péter G. Szalay, dir. Péter R. Surján. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49825-5.

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Mishra, Prabhat, Swarup Bhunia et Mark Tehranipoor, dir. Hardware IP Security and Trust. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0.

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Vincenti, Giovanni, Alberto Bucciero, Markus Helfert et Matthias Glowatz, dir. E-Learning, E-Education, and Online Training. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49625-2.

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Thöns, Matthias, et Thomas Sitte, dir. Repetitorium Palliativmedizin. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-49325-0.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "49K25"

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Sampson, Helen. « The Rhythms of Shipboard Life : Work, Hierarchy, Occupational Culture and Multinational Crews ». Dans The World of the Seafarer, 87–98. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49825-2_8.

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AbstractSeveral words repeatedly crop up when you ask a seafarer working in the international cargo fleet to describe a life at sea: ‘boring’, is one; ‘lonely’ is another; and the word ‘sacrifice’ is used very frequently as well. Most contemporary seafarers are recruited from developing economies where well-paid opportunities for work ashore are scarce and, if they can be found at all, are only available to highly skilled or qualified personnel. As a result, the money that can be earned at sea by both officers and ratings is often unparalleled and this encourages people to seek work as a seafarer when they are young. It also keeps many of them coming back to sea as they get older (as described so vividly by Baum-Talmor in Chap. 10.1007/978-3-030-49825-2_5) despite having come to grips with some of the rather unglamorous aspects of the job.
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Mishra, Prabhat, Mark Tehranipoor et Swarup Bhunia. « Security and Trust Vulnerabilities in Third-Party IPs ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 3–14. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_1.

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Guo, Xiaolong, Raj Gautam Dutta et Yier Jin. « IP Trust Validation Using Proof-Carrying Hardware ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 207–25. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_10.

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Xu, Qiang, et Lingxiao Wei. « Hardware Trust Verification ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 227–53. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_11.

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Fern, Nicole, et Kwang-Ting Cheng. « Verification and Trust for Unspecified IP Functionality ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 255–85. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_12.

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Subramanyan, Pramod, et Sharad Malik. « Verifying Security Properties in Modern SoCs Using Instruction-Level Abstractions ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 287–323. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_13.

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Huang, Yuanwen, et Prabhat Mishra. « Test Generation for Detection of Malicious Parametric Variations ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 325–40. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_14.

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Mishra, Prabhat, Swarup Bhunia et Mark Tehranipoor. « The Future of Trustworthy SoC Design ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 343–49. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_15.

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Nahiyan, Adib, Kan Xiao, Domenic Forte et Mark Tehranipoor. « Security Rule Check ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 17–36. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_2.

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Salmani, Hassan, et Mark Tehranipoor. « Digital Circuit Vulnerabilities to Hardware Trojans ». Dans Hardware IP Security and Trust, 37–51. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-49025-0_3.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "49K25"

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Greathouse, Leigh, James White, Valery Bliskovsky, Ashley Vargas, Eric Polley, Elise Bowman, Mohammed Khan et al. « Abstract 4925 : Microbiome-TP53 gene interaction in human lung cancer ». Dans Proceedings : AACR Annual Meeting 2017 ; April 1-5, 2017 ; Washington, DC. American Association for Cancer Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-4925.

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Liu, WeiHua, Zhenyu Yan, Candice L. Horn, Fabio Nunes, Steven M. Bray, Philip J. Ebert, Peng Fang et al. « Abstract 4925 : Liquid biopsy using the ion AmpliSeq v2 cancer panel ». Dans Proceedings : AACR 106th Annual Meeting 2015 ; April 18-22, 2015 ; Philadelphia, PA. American Association for Cancer Research, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-4925.

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Doi, Kenji, Masataka Yoshimura, Shinji Nishiwaki et Kazuhiro Izui. « Multiobjective Optimization Method for Lifecycle Design of Machine Products ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49425.

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Manufacturing that minimizes the exhaustion of natural resources, energy used, and deleterious environmental impact is increasingly demanded by societies that seek to protect global environments as much as possible. To achieve this, lifecycle design (LCD) is an essential component of product design scenarios, however LCD approaches have not been well integrated in optimal design methods that support quantitative decision making. This study presents a method that yields quantitative solutions through optimization analysis of a conceptual product design incorporating lifecycle considerations. We consider two types of optimization approaches that have different aims, namely, (1) to reduce the use of raw materials and energy consumption, and (2) to facilitate the reuse of the product or its parts when it reaches the end of its useful life. We also focus on how the optimization results differ according to the approach used, from the view point of the 3R concept (Reduce, Reuse and Recycling). Our method obtains optimum solutions by evaluating objectives fitted to each of these two optimization approaches with respect to the product’s lifecycle stages, which are manufacturing, use, maintenance, disposal, reuse and recycling. As an applied example, a simple linear robot model is presented, and Pareto optimum solutions are obtained for the multiobjective optimization problem whose evaluated objectives are the operating accuracy and the different lifecycle costs for the two approaches. The characteristics of the evaluated objectives and design variables, as well as the effects of using material properties as design parameters, are also examined.
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Cherry, Brian B., et Larry L. Howell. « Three Dimensional Behavior of Fully Compliant Bistable Micromechanisms ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49525.

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An improved understanding of the three-dimensional behavior of fully compliant bistable micromechanisms (FCBMs) would facilitate their appropriate implementation in applications such as threshold sensing arrays. A 3-D finite element model was developed to analyze the motion of a nominal FCBM design with various eccentric and off-axis loading conditions. Roll, pitch, and yaw rotations and Z-direction deflection results are presented for various loading conditions. Two distinct behaviors are discussed. Phenomenon 1 occurred when no off-axis loads were applied or when the magnitudes were small. Phenomenon 1 is characterized by shuttle motion with a relatively large pitch rotation. Phenomenon 2 occurred for larger magnitudes of off-axis loads, and was characterized by larger Z-direction deflections, lower actuation forces, and occasional loss of bistability.
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Wang, Yue, et Mitchell M. Tseng. « Defining Specifications for Custom Products : A Bayesian Probabilistic Approach ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49625.

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Defining product specifications to meet customers’ preferences is a crucial and challenging task for custom product design. An efficient specification defining method should take both product structures and customers’ preferences into consideration. Because customers’ preferences depend largely on factors such as product attributes and external parameters, conventional specification definition methods in deterministic form fall short of providing adequate approaches to represent and manipulate the probabilistic nature of customers’ preferences. They often suffer from low efficiency, lack of intelligence to adapt to different customers’ inputs, being unable to provide guidance to users who have little domain knowledge, etc. These technical issues have hindered the development of custom product design and mass customization. To solve these issues, Bayesian network is deployed to represent the product physical structure and the likelihood of the customers’ potential preferences among components. The specification defining is modeled as an uncertainty elimination process and an information theory based algorithm is applied to obtain customers’ target product configuration. The idea is to sequentially select the most relevant component for a customer to specify from the remaining components pool based on his previous step’s specification. An inference module is also proposed which can recommend possible product configurations to help customers find what they want quickly. Thus a customized 1-to-1 specification defining procedure is provided and the final configuration can converge to a customer’s target with fewer interactions between the customer and product design team. This paper explores the framework of product specification defining in uncertain domain and offers a new angle to advance design for mass customization (DfMC), and possibly the Design for Manufacturing in general.
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Zhao, Yaoyao F., Xun W. Xu, Sheng Q. Xie, Tom R. Kramer, Fred M. Proctor et John L. Michaloski. « An Integrated Process Planning System Architecture for Machining and On-Machine Inspection ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49725.

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Inspection is an essential part of the entire manufacturing chain providing measurement feedback to the process planning system. Fully automated machining requires automatic inspection process planning and real-time inspection results feedback. As inspection process planning is still based on G&M codes containing low-level information or vendor-specific bespoke routines, inspection process planning is mostly isolated from machining process planning. With the development of new data model standards STEP and STEP-NC providing high-level product information for the entire manufacturing chain, it is achievable to combine machining and inspection process planning to generate optimal machining and inspection sequences with real-time measurement results feedback. This paper introduces an integrated process planning system architecture for combined machining and inspection. In order to provide real-time inspection feedback, On-Machine Inspection (OMI) is chosen to carry out inspection operations. Implementation of the proposed architecture has been partially carried out with a newly developed data model and interpreter software. A case study was carried out to test the feasibility of the proposed architecture.
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Kim, Seok, et Metin Sitti. « Fabrication and Characterization of Biologically Inspired Mushroom-Shaped Elastomer Microfiber Arrays ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49825.

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This paper reports enhanced adhesion and friction of biologically inspired mushroom-shaped elastomer microfibers which are fabricated using micromolding and the notching effect during deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). The fabrication approach of this work allows mushroom-shaped small diameter fibers down to 100s of nanometer scale (using interference lithography) with high uniformity, and high yield in large area. The fabricated microfiber arrays demonstrate approximately up to 17 time higher adhesion and around twice higher static friction than the nonfibrillar flat elastomer surface on a 6 mm diameter glass hemisphere. Moreover, adhesion experiments with the microfiber arrays which have different thickness backing layers reveal the significance of the backing layer thickness on adhesion of the fiber arrays on smooth contact surfaces.
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Kim, Joo H., Yujiang Xiang, Rajankumar Bhatt, Jingzhou Yang, Hyun-Joon Chung, Amos Patrick, Jasbir S. Arora et Karim Abdel-Malek. « Efficient ZMP Formulation and Effective Whole-Body Motion Generation for a Human-Like Mechanism ». Dans ASME 2008 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2008-49925.

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An approach of generating dynamic biped motions of a human-like mechanism is proposed. An alternative and efficient formulation of the Zero-Moment Point for dynamic balance and the approximated ground reaction forces/moments are derived from the resultant reaction loads, which includes the gravity, the externally applied loads, and the inertia. The optimization problem is formulated to address the redundancy of the human task, where the general biped and task-specific constraints are imposed depending on the task requirements. The proposed method is fully predictive and generates physically feasible human-like motions from scratch; it does not require any input reference from motion capture or animation. The resulting generated motions demonstrate how a human-like mechanism reacts effectively to different external load conditions in performing a given task by showing realistic features of cause and effect. In addition, the energy-optimality of the upright standing posture is numerically verified among infinite feasible static biped postures without self contact. The proposed formulation is beneficial to motion planning, control, and physics-based simulation of humanoids and human models.
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Liming, James K., et James E. Salter. « A Multiple Decision Support Metrics Method for Effective Risk-Informed Asset Management ». Dans 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49025.

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The objective of this paper is to provide electric utilities with a concept for developing and applying effective decision support metrics via integrated risk-informed asset management (RIAM) programs for power stations and generating companies. RIAM is a process by which analysts review historical performance and develop predictive logic models and data analyses to predict critical decision support figures-of-merit (or metrics) for generating station managers and electric utility company executives. These metrics include, but are not limited to, the following: profitability, net benefit, benefit-to-cost ratio, projected return on investment, projected revenue, projected costs, asset value, safety (catastrophic facility damage frequency and consequences, etc.), power production availability (capacity factor, etc.), efficiency (heat rate), and others. RIAM applies probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) techniques and generates predictions probabilistically so that metrics information can be supplied to managers in terms of probability distributions as well as point estimates. This enables the managers to apply the concept of “confidence levels” in their critical decision-making processes.
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Kim, Yoonik, Chansoo Kim, Moosung Jae, Chang Hyun Chung et Ji Hwan Jung. « A Method to Identify Dependencies Between Organizational Factors Using Statistical Independence Test ». Dans 12th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone12-49125.

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A considerable number of studies on organizational factors in nuclear power plants have been made especially in recent years, most of which have assumed organizational factors to be independent. However, since organizational factors characterize the organization in terms of safety and efficiency etc. and there would be some factors that have close relations between them. Therefore, from whatever point of view, if we want to identify the characteristics of an organization, the dependence relationships should be considered to get an accurate result. In this study the organization of a reference nuclear power plant in Korea was analyzed for the trip cases of that plant using 20 organizational factors that Jacobs and Haber had suggested. By utilizing the results of the analysis, a method to identify the dependence relationships between organizational factors is presented. The statistical independence test for the analysis result of the trip cases is adopted to reveal dependencies. This method is geared to the needs to utilize many kinds of data that has been obtained as the operating years of nuclear power plants increase, and more reliable dependence relations may be obtained by using these abundant data.
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