Bibliographies thématiques / 3D Networks

Littérature scientifique sur le sujet « 3D Networks »

Auteur : Grafiati
Publié le 11 mars 2023

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Articles de revues sur le sujet "3D Networks"

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Liang, Long, Christopher Jones, Shaohua Chen, Bo Sun et Yang Jiao. « Heterogeneous force network in 3D cellularized collagen networks ». Physical Biology 13, no 6 (25 octobre 2016) : 066001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1478-3975/13/6/066001.

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Gou, Pingzhang, Baoyong Guo, Miao Guo et Shun Mao. « VKECE-3D : Energy-Efficient Coverage Enhancement in Three-Dimensional Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks Based on 3D-Voronoi and K-Means Algorithm ». Sensors 23, no 2 (4 janvier 2023) : 573. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23020573.

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During these years, the 3D node coverage of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks that are closer to the actual application environment has become a strong focus of research. However, the direct application of traditional two-dimensional planar coverage methods to three-dimensional space suffers from high application complexity, a low coverage rate, and a short life cycle. Most methods ignore the network life cycle when considering coverage. The network coverage and life cycle determine the quality of service (QoS) in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Thus, energy-efficient coverage enhancement is a significantly pivotal and challenging task. To solve the above task, an energy-efficient coverage enhancement method, VKECE-3D, based on 3D-Voronoi partitioning and the K-means algorithm is proposed. The quantity of active nodes is kept to a minimum while guaranteeing coverage. Firstly, based on node deployment at random, the nodes are deployed twice using a highly destructive polynomial mutation strategy to improve the uniformity of the nodes. Secondly, the optimal perceptual radius is calculated using the K-means algorithm and 3D-Voronoi partitioning to enhance the network coverage quality. Finally, a multi-hop communication and polling working mechanism are proposed to lower the nodes’ energy consumption and lengthen the network’s lifetime. Its simulation findings demonstrate that compared to other energy-efficient coverage enhancement solutions, VKECE-3D improves network coverage and greatly lengthens the network’s lifetime.
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Leng, Biao, Yu Liu, Kai Yu, Xiangyang Zhang et Zhang Xiong. « 3D object understanding with 3D Convolutional Neural Networks ». Information Sciences 366 (octobre 2016) : 188–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2015.08.007.

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Chaaban, Fadi, Hanan Darwishe et Jamal El Khattabi. « A Semi-Automatic Approach in GIS for 3D Modeling and Visualization of Utility Networks : Application for Sewer & ; Stormwater networks ». MATEC Web of Conferences 295 (2019) : 02003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201929502003.

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This paper presents a semi-automatic methodology proposed for 3D modeling of utility networks in GIS environment. The ModelBuilder in ArcGIS (ESRI) software is used for implementing this methodology, by developing two tools to automate the construction processes of 3D networks. The first presents a tool to create a 3D Manhole layer from points layer, and the second is a tool to create a 3D pipe layer. For both tools, a work algorithm has been built, in addition to designing user interfaces elements. These tools are stored in a Toolbox called “3D Manhole & Pipe.tbx”. The two previous tools were tested and applied to spatial data for a proposed residential area. The final 3D model of the residential area includes the sewage and stormwater networks, as well as other spatial data such as buildings, parks, roads, etc. This model is able to spot the intersection points in the network, visually or using the 3D analysis available in the software, allowing us to identify problems to be processed and resolved before starting a project, leading consequently to time and cost savings, effort and money. The proposed methodology is an easy and an effective way to build 3D network models (sewer, water..etc), and the developed tools allow the implementation of a set of necessary processes needed to build 3D networks.
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Wang, Shaohua, Yeran Sun, Yinle Sun, Yong Guan, Zhenhua Feng, Hao Lu, Wenwen Cai et Liang Long. « A Hybrid Framework for High-Performance Modeling of Three-Dimensional Pipe Networks ». ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 8, no 10 (8 octobre 2019) : 441. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi8100441.

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Three-dimensional (3D) pipe network modeling plays an essential part in high performance-based smart city applications. Given that massive 3D pipe networks tend to be difficult to manage and to visualize, we propose in this study a hybrid framework for high-performance modeling of a 3D pipe network, including pipe network data model and high-performance modeling. The pipe network data model is devoted to three-dimensional pipe network construction based on network topology and building information models (BIMs). According to the topological relationships of the pipe point pipelines, the pipe network is decomposed into multiple pipe segment units. The high-performance modeling of 3D pipe network contains a spatial 3D model, the instantiation, adaptive rendering, and combination parallel computing. Spatial 3D model (S3M) is proposed for spatial data transmission, exchange, and visualization of massive and multi-source 3D spatial data. The combination parallel computing framework with GPU and OpenMP was developed to reduce the processing time for pipe networks. The results of the experiments showed that the hybrid framework achieves a high efficiency and the hardware resource occupation is reduced.
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HUANG, MING, JINGJING YANG, ZHE XIAO, JUN SUN et JINHUI PENG. « MODELING THE DIELECTRIC RESPONSE IN HETEROGENEOUS MATERIALS USING 3D RC NETWORKS ». Modern Physics Letters B 23, no 25 (10 octobre 2009) : 3023–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984909021090.

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A model of 3D RC networks was developed to describe the dielectric response of heterogeneous materials and was compared with the results of the 2D RC network model. We show that the "universal dielectric response" (UDR) of heterogeneous materials is a common feature of both 2D and 3D very large networks with randomly positioned resistors and capacitors, and that the percolation threshold of the 2D and 3D bond network are close to 0.5 and 0.25, respectively. In addition, it was found that the percolation threshold of the 3D network is in good agreement with the result of the coherent potential (CP) formula.
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Fries, David, et Geran Barton. « 3D MICROSENSOR IMAGING ARRAYS NETWORKS ». Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2015, DPC (1 janvier 2015) : 000348–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2015dpc-ta33.

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2D microsensor arrays can permit spatial distribution measurements of the sensed parameter and enable high resolution sensing visualizations. Measuring constituents in a flowing media, such as air or liquid could benefit from such flow through or flow across imaging systems. These flow imagers can have applications in mobile robotics and non-visible imagery, and alternate mechanical systems of perception, process control and environmental observations. In order to create rigid-conformal, large area imaging systems we have in the past merged flexible PCB substrates with rigid constructions from 3D printing. This approach merges the 2D flexible electronics world of printed circuits with the 3D printed packaging world. Extending this 2D flow imaging concept into the third dimension permits 3D flow imaging networks, architectures and designs and can create a new class of sensing systems. Using 3D printing, 3D printed filaments, nets and microsensor cages, can be combined into integrated designs to generate distributed 3D imaging networks and camera systems for a variety of sensory applications.
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Jeong, Cheol, et Won-Yong Shin. « Capacity of 3D Erasure Networks ». IEEE Transactions on Communications 64, no 7 (juillet 2016) : 2900–2912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2016.2569580.

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Berber, Mustafa, Petr Vaníček et Peter Dare. « Robustness analysis of 3D networks ». Journal of Geodynamics 47, no 1 (janvier 2009) : 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2008.02.001.

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Thomas, Edwin L. « Nanoscale 3D ordered polymer networks ». Science China Chemistry 61, no 1 (13 décembre 2017) : 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11426-017-9138-5.

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Thèses sur le sujet "3D Networks"

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Stigeborn, Patrik. « Generating 3D-objects using neural networks ». Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-230668.

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Enabling a 2D- to 3D-reconstruction is an interesting future service for Mutate AB, where this thesis is conducted. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is examined in different aspects, in order to give a realistic perception of what this technology is capable of. The task conducted, is the creation of a CNN that can be used to predict how an object from a 2D image would look in 3D. The main areas that this CNN is optimized for are Quality, Speed, and Simplicity. Where Quality is the output resolution of the 3D object, Speed is measured by the number of seconds it takes to complete a reconstruction, and Simplicity is achieved by using machine learning (ML). Enabling this could potentially ease the creation of 3D games and make the development faster. The chosen solution is to use two CNNs. The first CNN is using convolution to extract features from an input image. The second CNN is using transpose convolution to create a prediction of how the object would look in 3D, from the features extracted by the first neural network. This thesis is using an empirical development approach to reach an optimal solution for the CNN structure and its hyperparameters. The 3D-reconstruction is inspired by a sculpting process, meaning that the reconstruction starts with a low resolution and improves it iteratively. The result shows that the quality gained from each iteration grows exponentially whilst the increased time grows a lot less. Thereof, the conclusion is that the trade-off between speed and quality is in our favor. However, when looking at commercializing this technology or deploy it in a professional environment, it is still too slow to generate high resolution output. Also, in this case, the CNN is fragile when there are a lot of unrecognized shapes in the input image.
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Costa, Breno Jacinto Duarte da. « 3D Routing with Context Awareness ». Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/1771.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:52:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
O surgimento de interfaces de rede sem-fio de baixo custo no mercado e o crescimento na demanda por dispositivos móveis (como Smartphones, PDAs, Internet Tablets e Laptops) permitiram a criação de cenários onde serviços de rede para usuários móveis possam existir sem nenhuma infra-estrutrutura pré-configurada. No entanto, a interoperabilidade entre tais redes, que são dinâmicas e heterogêneas, é atualmente objeto de pesquisa. Várias pesquisas na área de redes ad hoc sem-fio tem focado em uma única tecnologia sem-fio, baseada no padrão IEEE 802.11, onde os nós da rede são vistos de maneira plana (2D), ou seja, como elementos homogêneos, identificados apenas por endereços IP, não levando em consideração seus perfis de hardware e tecnologias de rede. Desta forma, pesquisas envolvendo mais de uma tecnologia de rede encontram-se em estágios iniciais. Novas propostas são necessárias para estes cenários, que são cada vez mais comuns, envolvendo múltiplos dispositivos com múltiplas interfaces de rede (multi-homed). Este trabalho propõe o protocolo de roteamento 3D, direcionado a cenários onde há heterogeneidade de dispositivos e tecnologias de rede. O objetivo do protocolo de roteamento proposto é prover mecanismos para a interoperabilidade de redes ad hoc heterogêneas, considerando outra dimensão de informações, aqui denominada de terceira dimensão (3D), que consiste em agregar mais informações, como informações de contexto, recursos dos dispositivos e interfaces de rede, ao processo de roteamento. Para isto, o protocolo considera os seguintes aspectos fundamentais: o processo de bootstrapping da rede heterogênea e dos nós, a construção e disseminação de informações de ciência de contexto entre os nós, e a atribuição de papéis específicos para determinados nós da rede. A avaliação do protocolo é feita através de experimentos em um test-bed real, utilizando um protótipo da implementação do protocolo, num cenário composto de dispositivos móveis como Smartphones OpenMoko, Internet Tablets N810 da Nokia e Laptops, possuindo tecnologias Bluetooth e 802.11, executando versões embarcadas do sistema operacional Linux
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Zhao, Yao. « Autonomous Localization in 3D Surface Wireless Sensor Networks ». Thesis, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3622968.

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Location awareness is imperative for a variety of sensing applications and network operations. Although a diversity of GPS-less and GPS-free solutions have been developed recently for autonomous localization in wireless sensor networks, they primarily target at 2D planar or 3D volumetric settings. There exists unique and fundamental hardness to extend them to 3D surfaces.

The contributions of this work are twofold. First, it proposes a theoretically-proven algorithm for the 3D surface localization problem. Seeing the challenges to localize general 3D surface networks and the solvability of the localization problem on single-value (SV) surface, this work proposes the cut-and-sew algorithm that takes a divide-and-conquer approach by partitioning a general 3D surface network into SV patches, which are localized individually and then merged into a unified coordinates system. The algorithm is optimized by discovering the minimum SV partition, an optimal partition that creates a minimum set of SV patches.

Second, it develops practically-viable solutions for real-world sensor network settings where the inputs are often noisy. The proposed algorithm is implemented and evaluated via simulations and experiments in an indoor testbed. The results demonstrate that the proposed cut-and-sew algorithm achieves perfect 100% localization rate and the desired robustness against measurement errors.

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Cronje, Frans. « Human action recognition with 3D convolutional neural networks ». Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15482.

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Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) adapt the regular fully-connected neural network (NN) algorithm to facilitate image classification. Recently, CNNs have been demonstrated to provide superior performance across numerous image classification databases including large natural images (Krizhevsky et al., 2012). Furthermore, CNNs are more readily transferable between different image classification problems when compared to common alternatives. The extension of CNNs to video classification is simple and the rationale behind the components of the model are still applicable due to the similarity between image and video data. Previous CNNs have demonstrated good performance upon video datasets, however have not employed methods that have been recently developed and attributed improvements in image classification networks. The purpose of this research to build a CNN model that includes recently developed elements to present a human action recognition model which is up-to-date with current trends in CNNs and current hardware. Focus is applied to ensemble models and methods such as the Dropout technique, developed by Hinton et al. (2012) to reduce overfitting, and learning rate adaptation techniques. The KTH human action dataset is used to assess the CNN model, which, as a widely used benchmark dataset, facilitates the comparison between previous work performed in the literature. Three CNNs are built and trained to provide insight into design choices as well as allow the construction of an ensemble model. The final ensemble model achieved comparative performance to previous CNNs trained upon the KTH data. While the inclusion of new methods to the CNN model did not result in an improvement on previous models, the competitive result provides an alternative combination of architecture and components to other CNN models.
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Nihlén, Ramström Max. « Sketch to 3D Model using Generative Query Networks ». Thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektroteknik och datavetenskap (EECS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-251507.

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For digital artists and animators, translating an idea from a rough sketch to a 3D model is a time consuming process requiring a plethora of different software. In this work, a Generative Model which can directly generate images of 3D models from arbitrary view points by observing sketched 2D images is presented. The model is based on Generative Query Networks and two different generative models were tested for generating new images, the first a Variational Auto Encoder and the second a Generative Adversarial Network. The model learns to produce new images from any queried view point allowing it to perform so called mental rotation of an object as if a 3D model had been generated. A paired dataset containing images of 3D models, the view point from where each image is captured and corresponding sketch versions was created in order to train the model. It was found that the Variational Auto Encoder could create plausible images from as little as a single sketch while the Generative Adversarial Network failed to correctly condition on the given sketches.
För digitala artister och animatörer är processen att gå ifrån en idé i form av en sketch till en färdig 3D-modell tidskrävande och sträcker sig över en mängd olika mjukvaror. Detta arbete presenterar en Generativ Modell som direkt kan generera bilder av en 3D-modell ifrån sketchade bilder i 2D. Modellen är baserad på Generative Query Networks och två olika Generativa Modeller testades för att generera nya bilder, den första en Variational Auto Encoder och den andra en Generative Adversarial Network. Modellen lär sig att skapa nya bilder ifrån godtyckliga synvinklar vilket tillåter den att utföra så kallad mental rotation av ett objekt på samma sätt som om en 3D-modell hade genererats. För att kunna träna modellen skapades ett dataset där bilder sparades både i ursprungs- samt i sketchform tillsammans med synvinklarna där bilderna tagits ifrån. Modellen som använde sig av en Variational Auto Encoder visade sig kunna generera trovärdiga bilder efter att endast ha observerat en sketch medan modellen som använde ett Generative Adversarial Network misslyckades med att betinga de genererade bilderna på de sketcher den observerat.
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Mohib, Hamdullah. « End-to-end 3D video communication over heterogeneous networks ». Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/8293.

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Three-dimensional technology, more commonly referred to as 3D technology, has revolutionised many fields including entertainment, medicine, and communications to name a few. In addition to 3D films, games, and sports channels, 3D perception has made tele-medicine a reality. By the year 2015, 30% of the all HD panels at home will be 3D enabled, predicted by consumer electronics manufacturers. Stereoscopic cameras, a comparatively mature technology compared to other 3D systems, are now being used by ordinary citizens to produce 3D content and share at a click of a button just like they do with the 2D counterparts via sites like YouTube. But technical challenges still exist, including with autostereoscopic multiview displays. 3D content requires many complex considerations--including how to represent it, and deciphering what is the best compression format--when considering transmission or storage, because of its increased amount of data. Any decision must be taken in the light of the available bandwidth or storage capacity, quality and user expectations. Free viewpoint navigation also remains partly unsolved. The most pressing issue getting in the way of widespread uptake of consumer 3D systems is the ability to deliver 3D content to heterogeneous consumer displays over the heterogeneous networks. Optimising 3D video communication solutions must consider the entire pipeline, starting with optimisation at the video source to the end display and transmission optimisation. Multi-view offers the most compelling solution for 3D videos with motion parallax and freedom from wearing headgear for 3D video perception. Optimising multi-view video for delivery and display could increase the demand for true 3D in the consumer market. This thesis focuses on an end-to-end quality optimisation in 3D video communication/transmission, offering solutions for optimisation at the compression, transmission, and decoder levels.
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Birgersson, Anna, et Klara Hellgren. « Texture Enhancement in 3D Maps using Generative Adversarial Networks ». Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Datorseende, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-162446.

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In this thesis we investigate the use of GANs for texture enhancement. To achievethis, we have studied if synthetic satellite images generated by GANs will improvethe texture in satellite-based 3D maps. We investigate two GANs; SRGAN and pix2pix. SRGAN increases the pixelresolution of the satellite images by generating upsampled images from low resolutionimages. As for pip2pix, the GAN performs image-to-image translation bytranslating a source image to a target image, without changing the pixel resolution. We trained the GANs in two different approaches, named SAT-to-AER andSAT-to-AER-3D, where SAT, AER and AER-3D are different datasets provided bythe company Vricon. In the first approach, aerial images were used as groundtruth and in the second approach, rendered images from an aerial-based 3D mapwere used as ground truth. The procedure of enhancing the texture in a satellite-based 3D map was dividedin two steps; the generation of synthetic satellite images and the re-texturingof the 3D map. Synthetic satellite images generated by two SRGAN models andone pix2pix model were used for the re-texturing. The best results were presentedusing SRGAN in the SAT-to-AER approach, in where the re-textured 3Dmap had enhanced structures and an increased perceived quality. SRGAN alsopresented a good result in the SAT-to-AER-3D approach, where the re-textured3D map had changed color distribution and the road markers were easier to distinguishfrom the ground. The images generated by the pix2pix model presentedthe worst result. As for the SAT-to-AER approach, even though the syntheticsatellite images generated by pix2pix were somewhat enhanced and containedless noise, they had no significant impact in the re-texturing. In the SAT-to-AER-3D approach, none of the investigated models based on the pix2pix frameworkpresented any successful results. We concluded that GANs can be used as a texture enhancer using both aerialimages and images rendered from an aerial-based 3D map as ground truth. Theuse of GANs as a texture enhancer have great potential and have several interestingareas for future works.
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Nguyen, Thu Duc. « System support for distributed 3D real-time rendering on commodity clusters / ». Thesis, Connect to this title online ; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7018.

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Ahmad, Waqar. « Core Switching Noise for On-Chip 3D Power Distribution Networks ». Doctoral thesis, KTH, Elektroniksystem, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-103566.

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Reducing the interconnect size with each technology node and increasing speed with each generation increases IR-drop and Ldi/dt noise. In addition to this, the drive for more integration increases the average current requirement for modern ULSI design. Simultaneous switching of core logic blocks and I/O drivers produces large current transients due to power distribution network parasitics at high clock frequency. The current transients are injected into the power distribution planes thereby inducing noise in the supply voltage. The part of the noise that is caused by switching of the internal logic load is core switching noise. The core logic switches at much higher speed than driver speed whereas the package inductance is less than the on-chip inductance in modern BGA packages. The core switching noise is currently gaining more attention for three-dimensional integrated circuits where on-chip inductance is much higher than the board and package inductance due to smaller board, and package. The switching noise of the driver is smaller than the core switching noise due to small driver size and reduced capacitance associated with short on-board wires for three-dimensional integrated circuits. The load increases with the addition of each die. The power distribution TSV pairs to supply each extra die also introduce additional parasitic. The core switching noise may propagate through substrate and consequently through interconnecting TSVs to different dies in heterogeneous integrated system. Core switching noise may lead to decreased device drive capability, increased gate delays, logic errors, and reduced noise margins. The actual behavior of the on-chip load is not well known in the beginning of the design cycle whereas altering the design during later stages is not cost effective. The size of a three-dimensional power distribution network may reach billions of nodes with the addition of dies in a vertical stack. The traditional tools may run out of time and memory during simulation of a three-dimensional power distribution network whereas, the CAD tools for the analysis of 3D power distribution network are in the process of evolution. Compact mathematical models for the estimation of core switching noise are necessary in order to overcome the power integrity challenges associated with the 3D power distribution network design. This thesis presents three different mathematical models to estimate core switching noise for 3D stacked power distribution networks. A time-domain-based mathematical model for the estimation of design parameters of a power distribution TSV pair is also proposed. Design guidelines for the estimation of optimum decoupling capacitance based on flat output impedance are also proposed for each stage of the vertical chain of power distribution TSV pairs. A mathematical model for tradeoff between TSV resistance and amount of decoupling capacitance on each DRAM die is proposed for a 3D-DRAM-Over-Logic system. The models are developed by following a three step approach: 1) design physical model, 2) convert it to equivalent electrical model, and 3) formulate the mathematical model based on the electrical model. The accuracy, speed and memory requirement of the proposed mathematical model is compared with equivalent Ansoft Nexxim models.

QC 20121015

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Nordhus, Lars Espen Strand. « Ray Tracing for Simulation of Wireless Networks in 3D Scenes ». Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for datateknikk og informasjonsvitenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-23002.

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Simulating WIFI and other similar radio waves in real-time environments has a tremendous potential, and is a hot topic in modern computer science. The Norwegian Road Authority in Trondheim (Norway) has created a physical test road for simulating future road to vehicle communications in a realistic setting. By doing so they get an excellent physical simulator for realistic small scale testing which can be used to verify a computational simulator. IEEE has created a vehicle-to-vehicle communication standard called IEEE 802.11p: Wireless Access for the Vehicular Environment (WAVE) [Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments]. On the 24th of April 2013, the cross country cooperation Compass4D met in Denmark, where 90 buses will be equipped and tested using this standard for at least one year [http://www.ertico.com/compass4d-project-consortium-meets-in-denmark-where-90-buses-will-be-equipped-and-trialed-for-at-least-one-year/]. These examples are just some of the many great contributions which are aiming towards developing a technology to better the efficiency and safety of roads.In this project, we develop a comprehensive real-time large scale WiFi simulator. It simulates vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-road communication, and can be a good supplement to systems like the ones in Denmark and Norway. To make large scale testing possible and affordable, we have created a way to generate simplified versions of real life streets and structures using Open Street Maps. The goal of this thesis is to make it possible to simulate dynamic traffic environments with communication in real-time.To achieve this, we harness the compute power of graphics cards which is shown to be extremely powerful in solving massive parallel tasks like ray tracing, the core computational method used in our work. In our case, we use it to trace line-of-sight for the mobile WiFi signals (rather than photon rays). This is done by using the NVIDIA OptiX ray tracing engine for most of the heavy calculations. Using the same framework, we also implement a dynamic environment with both static and moving senders/receivers to illustrate a realistic traffic scenario.Our system has been tested on several benchmarks to examine how it performs in different scenarios. Our results show that it is feasible to created a system capable of simulating medium resolution scenarios with a great number of senders, buildings and moving obstacles in real-time with a frame rate of at least 24fps. We also show that the number of objects, the resolution and even the number of receivers can be increased substantially when simulating vehicle-to- vehicle communication, since it requires lower update rates. Several ideas for how to extend this work is also included.
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Livres sur le sujet "3D Networks"

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1966-, O'Driscoll Tony, dir. Learning in 3D : Adding a new dimension to enterprise learning and collaboration. San Francisco, CA : Pfeiffer, 2010.

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Kapp, Karl M. Learning in 3D : Adding a new dimension to enterprise learning and collaboration. San Francisco, CA : Pfeiffer, 2010.

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Kapp, Karl M. Learning in 3D : Adding a new dimension to enterprise learning and collaboration. San Francisco, CA : Jossey-Bass, 2010.

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Brath, Richard Karl. Effective information visualization guidelines and metrics for 3D interactive representations of business data. [Toronto] : Brath, 1999.

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International, Workshop on Laser and Fiber-optical Networks Modeling (3rd 2001 Kharkiv Ukraine). LFNM'2001 : Proceedings of 3d International Workshop on Laser and Fiber-optical Networks Modeling : Kharkiv State University of Radio Electronics : Ukraine, May 23, 2000. Piscataway, New Jersey : IEEE, 2001.

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Cappellini, Vito, dir. Electronic Imaging & ; the Visual Arts. EVA 2013 Florence. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-372-4.

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Important Information Technology topics are presented: multimedia systems, data-bases, protection of data, access to the content. Particular reference is reserved to digital images (2D, 3D) regarding Cultural Institutions (Museums, Libraries, Palace – Monuments, Archaeological Sites). The main parts of the Conference Proceedings regard: Strategic Issues, EC Projects and Related Networks & Initiatives, International Forum on “Culture & Technology”, 2D – 3D Technologies & Applications, Virtual Galleries – Museums and Related Initiatives, Access to the Culture Information. Three Workshops are related to: International Cooperation, Innovation and Enterprise, Creative Industries and Cultural Tourism.
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Kim, Moon S. Defense and security 2008 : Special sessions on food safety, visual analytics, resource restricted embedded and sensor networks, and 3D imaging and display : 17-18 March 2008, Orlando, Florida, USA. Sous la direction de Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. Bellingham, Wash : SPIE, 2008.

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Tatas, Konstantinos, Kostas Siozios, Dimitrios Soudris et Axel Jantsch. Designing 2D and 3D Network-on-Chip Architectures. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4274-5.

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Cappellini, Vito, dir. Electronic Imaging & ; the Visual Arts. EVA 2014 Florence. Florence : Firenze University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-573-5.

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Information Technologies of interest for Culture Heritage are presented: multimedia systems, data-bases, data protection, access to digital content, Virtual Galleries. Particular reference is reserved to digital images (Electronic Imaging & the Visual Arts), regarding Cultural Institutions (Museums, Libraries, Palace - Monuments, Archaeological Sites). The International Conference includes the following Sessions: Strategic Issues; EC Projects and Related Networks & Initiatives; 2D - 3D Technologies and Applications; Virtual Galleries - Museums and Related Initiatives; Access to the Culture Information. Three Workshops regard: International Cooperation; Innovation and Enterprise; e.Culture Cloud.
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Frega, Monica. Neuronal Network Dynamics in 2D and 3D in vitro Neuroengineered Systems. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30237-9.

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Chapitres de livres sur le sujet "3D Networks"

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Bellocchio, Francesco, N. Alberto Borghese, Stefano Ferrari et Vincenzo Piuri. « Hierarchical Radial Basis Functions Networks ». Dans 3D Surface Reconstruction, 77–110. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5632-2_5.

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Jagtap, Yash, Hitesh Shewale, Dinesh Bhadane et M. V. Rao. « 3D Smart Map ». Dans Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 527–34. Singapore : Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-3812-9_54.

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Jiang, Hao, et Guan Gui. « 3D Scattering Channel Modeling for Microcell Communication Environments ». Dans Wireless Networks, 41–64. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-32869-6_3.

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Akdere, Mert, Uğur Çetintemel, Daniel Crispell, John Jannotti, Jie Mao et Gabriel Taubin. « Data-Centric Visual Sensor Networks for 3D Sensing ». Dans GeoSensor Networks, 131–50. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79996-2_8.

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Borzemski, Leszek, et Anna Kamińska-Chuchmała. « 3D Web Performance Forecasting Using Turning Bands Method ». Dans Computer Networks, 102–13. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21771-5_12.

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Gardikis, Georgios, Evangelos Pallis et Michael Grafl. « Media-Aware Networks in Future Internet Media ». Dans 3D Future Internet Media, 105–12. New York, NY : Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8373-1_7.

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Mensing, Glennys, et David J. Beebe. « Liquid Phase 3D Channel Networks ». Dans Micro Total Analysis Systems 2002, 410–12. Dordrecht : Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0295-0_137.

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Tigadoli, Rishabh, Ramesh Ashok Tabib, Adarsh Jamadandi et Uma Mudenagudi. « 3D-GCNN - 3D Object Classification Using 3D Grid Convolutional Neural Networks ». Dans Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 269–76. Cham : Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-34869-4_30.

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Piorkowski, Adam, Lukasz Jajesnica et Kamil Szostek. « Creating 3D Web-Based Viewing Services for DICOM Images ». Dans Computer Networks, 218–24. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02671-3_26.

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Skabek, Krzysztof, et Łukasz Ząbik. « Network Transmission of 3D Mesh Data Using Progressive Representation ». Dans Computer Networks, 325–33. Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02671-3_38.

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Actes de conférences sur le sujet "3D Networks"

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Marquez, Alejandra, et Alex Cuadros. « 3D Medical Image Segmentation based on 3D Convolutional Neural Networks ». Dans LatinX in AI at Neural Information Processing Systems Conference 2018. Journal of LatinX in AI Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.52591/lxai201812031.

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A neural network is a mathematical model that is able to perform a task automatically or semi-automatically after learning the human knowledge that we provided. Moreover, a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is a type of sophisticated neural network that has shown to efficiently learn tasks related to the area of image analysis (among other areas). One example of these tasks is image segmentation, which aims to find regions or separable objects within an image. A more specific type of segmentation called semantic segmentation, makes sure that each region has a semantic meaning by giving it a label or class. Since neural networks can automate the task of semantic segmentation of images, they have been very useful for the medical area, applying them to the segmentation of organs or abnormalities (tumors). Therefore, this thesis project seeks to address the task of semantic segmentation of volumetric medical images obtained by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). Volumetric images are composed of a set of 2D images that altogether represent a volume. We will use a pre-existing Three-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (3D CNN) architecture, for the binary semantic segmentation of organs in volumetric images. We will talk about the data preprocessing process, as well as specific aspects of the 3D CNN architecture. Finally, we propose a variation in the formulation of the loss function used for training the 3D CNN, also called objective function, for the improvement of pixel-wise segmentation results. We will present the comparisons in performance we made between the proposed loss function and other pre-existing loss functions using two medical image segmentation datasets.
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An, Dong, Tianxu Xu, Yiwen Zhang et Yang Yue. « Hand Gesture Recognition Using ToF Camera and 3D Point Cloud Networks ». Dans Frontiers in Optics. Washington, D.C. : Optica Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/fio.2022.jw4b.56.

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Gesture recognition is achieved by using ToF camera and deep neural networks based on 3D point cloud. An average recognition accuracy of the networks is >99%. PointNet++ (MSG) network demonstrates better performance than other networks.
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Dulikravich, George S., et Thomas J. Martin. « Optimization of 3D Branching Networks of Microchannels for Microelectronic Device Cooling ». Dans 2010 14th International Heat Transfer Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ihtc14-22719.

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The aim of this work is to present a methodology to develop cost-effective thermal management solutions for microelectronic devices, capable of removing maximum amount of heat and delivering maximally uniform surface temperature distributions. The topological and geometrical characteristics of multiple-story three-dimensional branching networks of microchannels were developed using multi-objective optimization. The design variables which will be subject to optimization in this analysis are the geometric parameters of the microchannel network, i.e. the number of network floors in a 3D network, the amount of branching levels per floor, the connectivity of the cooling channels, their cross-sectional areas and lengths. A conjugate heat transfer analysis software package (CHETSOLP) and an automatic 3D microchannel network generator (3DBNGEN) were developed and coupled with a multi-objective particle-swarm optimization (MOPSO) algorithm with a goal of creating a design tool for 3D networks of optimized coolant flow channels. Numerical algorithms in the conjugate heat transfer solution package include a quasi-1D thermo-fluid solver (COOLNET) and a 3D steady heat diffusion solver, which were validated against results from high-fidelity Navier-Stokes equations solver and analytical solutions for basic fluid dynamics test cases. The conjugate heat transfer solution is achieved by simultaneous prediction of the quasi-1D internal flow-field in the microchannel network and 3D internal temperature field in the solid substrate [1]. Minimization of the pumping power requirement and maximization of total heat removal subject to temperature uniformity (at the heated surface) were the objectives. Pareto-optimal solutions demonstrate that thermal loads of up to 400 W/cm2 can be managed with 3D multi-floor microchannel networks, with pumping power requirements that are up to 50% lower with respect to pumping power requirements in currently used high-performance cooling technologies, such as jet impingement and hybrid impingement-microchannel flow.
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Berhan, L., C. W. Wang et A. M. Sastry. « Damage Initiation in Bonded Particulate Networks : 3D Simulations ». Dans ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/ad-25304.

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Abstract Several promising Li-ion technologies incorporate micro- and nanoarchitectured carbon networks, typically in the form of whisker/particle blends bonded with thermoplastic binders, in the electrodes. Degradation of these battery electrode materials is currently a persistent problem, with damage presenting as blistering and/or delamination. We are investigating bonding in micro- and nanostructured materials in order to predict onset of this degradation of these stochastic materials. Here, we describe a general methodology in modeling the small junctures in these porous network materials. We have found previously that the joint properties are the controlling feature in a significant class of materials, and suggest that 3D simulations on the bonds may be used in 2D simulations of overall network behavior.
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Zhao, Yongheng, Tolga Birdal, Haowen Deng et Federico Tombari. « 3D Point Capsule Networks ». Dans 2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cvpr.2019.00110.

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Cha, Geonho, Minsik Lee et Songhwai Oh. « Unsupervised 3D Reconstruction Networks ». Dans 2019 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccv.2019.00395.

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Qamar, Isabel P. S., et Richard S. Trask. « Development of Multi-Dimensional 3D Printed Vascular Networks for Self-Healing Materials ». Dans ASME 2017 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2017-3829.

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Self-healing materials have emerged as an alternative solution to the repair of damage in fibre-reinforced composites. Recent developments have largely focused on a vascular approach, due to the ability to transport healing agents over long distances and continually replenish from an external source. However fracture of the vascular network is required to enable the healing agents to infiltrate the crack plane, ceasing its primary function in transporting fluid and preventing the repair of any further damage events. Here we present a novel approach to vascular self-healing through the development and integration of 3D printed, porous, thermoplastic networks into a thermoset matrix. This concept exploits the inherently low surface chemistry of thermoplastic materials, which results in adhesive failure between the thermoplastic network and thermoset matrix on arrival of a propagating crack, thus exposing the radial pores of the network and allowing the healing agents to flow into the damage site. We investigate the potential of two additive manufacturing techniques, fused deposition modeling (FDM) and stereolithography, to fabricate free-standing, self-healing networks. Furthermore, we assess the interaction of a crack with branched network structures under static indentation in order to establish the feasibility of additive manufacture for multi-dimensional 3D printed self-healing networks.
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Göhnert, Tilman, Sabrina Ziebarth, Henrik Detjen, Tobias Hecking et H. Ulrich Hoppe. « 3D DynNetVis ». Dans ASONAM '15 : Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining 2015. New York, NY, USA : ACM, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2808797.2808798.

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Graham, Ben. « Sparse 3D convolutional neural networks ». Dans British Machine Vision Conference 2015. British Machine Vision Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.5244/c.29.150.

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Jin, Shengmin, et Reza Zafarani. « Representing Networks with 3D Shapes ». Dans 2018 IEEE International Conference on Data Mining (ICDM). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icdm.2018.00033.

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Rapports d'organisations sur le sujet "3D Networks"

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Santoyo, C., M. R. Ceron et M. M. Biener. Integration of Fullerenes as Electron-Acceptors in 3D Graphene Networks. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), août 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1567989.

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De Crescenzi, Maurizio. 3D Carbon Nanotube Networks as Mechanical, Electrical and Photovoltaic Transducer and Superhydrophobic Filter. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, juin 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada621229.

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Wang, Shiren. Proof-of-Concept : Assembling Carbon Nanocrystals for Ordered 3D Network. Fort Belvoir, VA : Defense Technical Information Center, décembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada566278.

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Huang, Haohang, Erol Tutumluer, Jiayi Luo, Kelin Ding, Issam Qamhia et John Hart. 3D Image Analysis Using Deep Learning for Size and Shape Characterization of Stockpile Riprap Aggregates—Phase 2. Illinois Center for Transportation, septembre 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36501/0197-9191/22-017.

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Riprap rock and aggregates are extensively used in structural, transportation, geotechnical, and hydraulic engineering applications. Field determination of morphological properties of aggregates such as size and shape can greatly facilitate the quality assurance/quality control (QA/QC) process for proper aggregate material selection and engineering use. Many aggregate imaging approaches have been developed to characterize the size and morphology of individual aggregates by computer vision. However, 3D field characterization of aggregate particle morphology is challenging both during the quarry production process and at construction sites, particularly for aggregates in stockpile form. This research study presents a 3D reconstruction-segmentation-completion approach based on deep learning techniques by combining three developed research components: field 3D reconstruction procedures, 3D stockpile instance segmentation, and 3D shape completion. The approach was designed to reconstruct aggregate stockpiles from multi-view images, segment the stockpile into individual instances, and predict the unseen side of each instance (particle) based on the partial visible shapes. Based on the dataset constructed from individual aggregate models, a state-of-the-art 3D instance segmentation network and a 3D shape completion network were implemented and trained, respectively. The application of the integrated approach was demonstrated on re-engineered stockpiles and field stockpiles. The validation of results using ground-truth measurements showed satisfactory algorithm performance in capturing and predicting the unseen sides of aggregates. The algorithms are integrated into a software application with a user-friendly graphical user interface. Based on the findings of this study, this stockpile aggregate analysis approach is envisioned to provide efficient field evaluation of aggregate stockpiles by offering convenient and reliable solutions for on-site QA/QC tasks of riprap rock and aggregate stockpiles.
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KHVOENKOVA, Nina, et Matthieu DELORME. An Optimal Method to Model Transient Flows in 3D Discrete Fracture Network. Cogeo@oeaw-giscience, septembre 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5242/iamg.2011.0088.

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Kompaniets, Alla, Hanna Chemerys et Iryna Krasheninnik. Using 3D modelling in design training simulator with augmented reality. [б. в.], février 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/3740.

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The article is devoted to the theoretical consideration of the problem and the use of innovative technologies in the educational process in the educational establishment of secondary education in the process of studying the school course of computer science. The main advantages of using educational simulators in the educational process are considered, based on the new state standard of basic and complete general secondary education. Based on the analysis of scientific and methodological literature and network sources, the features of the development of simulators for educational purposes are described. Innovative tools for simulator development have been investigated, as augmented reality with the use of three-dimensional simulation. The peculiarities of using a simulator with augmented reality when studying the topic of algorithmization in the course of studying a school computer science are considered. The article also describes the implementation of augmented reality simulator for the formation of algorithmic thinking skills by students, presents the results of development and describes the functionality of the software product. In the further prospects of the study, it is planned to conduct an experimental study to determine the effectiveness of the use of software development in the learning process.
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Muto, Kazuo. Trend of 3D CAD/CAE/CAM/CAT/Network Systems and PLM System in Advance Technology for Manufacturing Engineering Development. Warrendale, PA : SAE International, mai 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0137.

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Habib, Ayman, Darcy M. Bullock, Yi-Chun Lin et Raja Manish. Road Ditch Line Mapping with Mobile LiDAR. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317354.

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Maintenance of roadside ditches is important to avoid localized flooding and premature failure of pavements. Scheduling effective preventative maintenance requires mapping of the ditch profile to identify areas requiring excavation of long-term sediment accumulation. High-resolution, high-quality point clouds collected by mobile LiDAR mapping systems (MLMS) provide an opportunity for effective monitoring of roadside ditches and performing hydrological analyses. This study evaluated the applicability of mobile LiDAR for mapping roadside ditches for slope and drainage analyses. The performance of alternative MLMS units was performed. These MLMS included an unmanned ground vehicle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a portable backpack system along with its vehicle-mounted version, a medium-grade wheel-based system, and a high-grade wheel-based system. Point cloud from all the MLMS units were in agreement in the vertical direction within the ±3 cm range for solid surfaces, such as paved roads, and ±7 cm range for surfaces with vegetation. The portable backpack system that could be carried by a surveyor or mounted on a vehicle and was the most flexible MLMS. The report concludes that due to flexibility and cost effectiveness of the portable backpack system, it is the preferred platform for mapping roadside ditches, followed by the medium-grade wheel-based system. Furthermore, a framework for ditch line characterization is proposed and tested using datasets acquired by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems over a state highway. An existing ground filtering approach is modified to handle variations in point density of mobile LiDAR data. Hydrological analyses, including flow direction and flow accumulation, are applied to extract the drainage network from the digital terrain model (DTM). Cross-sectional/longitudinal profiles of the ditch are automatically extracted from LiDAR data and visualized in 3D point clouds and 2D images. The slope derived from the LiDAR data was found to be very close to highway cross slope design standards of 2% on driving lanes, 4% on shoulders, as well as 6-by-1 slope for ditch lines. Potential flooded regions are identified by detecting areas with no LiDAR return and a recall score of 54% and 92% was achieved by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems, respectively. Furthermore, a framework for ditch line characterization is proposed and tested using datasets acquired by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems over a state highway. An existing ground filtering approach is modified to handle variations in point density of mobile LiDAR data. Hydrological analyses, including flow direction and flow accumulation, are applied to extract the drainage network from the digital terrain model (DTM). Cross-sectional/longitudinal profiles of the ditch are automatically extracted from LiDAR data, and visualized in 3D point clouds and 2D images. The slope derived from the LiDAR data was found to be very close to highway cross slope design standards of 2% on driving lanes, 4% on shoulder, as well as 6-by-1 slope for ditch lines. Potential flooded regions are identified by detecting areas with no LiDAR return and a recall score of 54% and 92% was achieved by the medium-grade wheel-based and vehicle-mounted portable systems, respectively.
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Kirchhoff, Helmut, et Ziv Reich. Protection of the photosynthetic apparatus during desiccation in resurrection plants. United States Department of Agriculture, février 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7699861.bard.

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In this project, we studied the photosynthetic apparatus during dehydration and rehydration of the homoiochlorophyllous resurrection plant Craterostigmapumilum (retains most of the photosynthetic components during desiccation). Resurrection plants have the remarkable capability to withstand desiccation, being able to revive after prolonged severe water deficit in a few days upon rehydration. Homoiochlorophyllous resurrection plants are very efficient in protecting the photosynthetic machinery against damage by reactive oxygen production under drought. The main purpose of this BARD project was to unravel these largely unknown protection strategies for C. pumilum. In detail, the specific objectives were: (1) To determine the distribution and local organization of photosynthetic protein complexes and formation of inverted hexagonal phases within the thylakoid membranes at different dehydration/rehydration states. (2) To determine the 3D structure and characterize the geometry, topology, and mechanics of the thylakoid network at the different states. (3) Generation of molecular models for thylakoids at the different states and study the implications for diffusion within the thylakoid lumen. (4) Characterization of inter-system electron transport, quantum efficiencies, photosystem antenna sizes and distribution, NPQ, and photoinhibition at different hydration states. (5) Measuring the partition of photosynthetic reducing equivalents between the Calvin cycle, photorespiration, and the water-water cycle. At the beginning of the project, we decided to use C. pumilum instead of C. wilmsii because the former species was available from our collaborator Dr. Farrant. In addition to the original two dehydration states (40 relative water content=RWC and 5% RWC), we characterized a third state (15-20%) because some interesting changes occurs at this RWC. Furthermore, it was not possible to detect D1 protein levels by Western blot analysis because antibodies against other higher plants failed to detect D1 in C. pumilum. We developed growth conditions that allow reproducible generation of different dehydration and rehydration states for C. pumilum. Furthermore, advanced spectroscopy and microscopy for C. pumilum were established to obtain a detailed picture of structural and functional changes of the photosynthetic apparatus in different hydrated states. Main findings of our study are: 1. Anthocyan accumulation during desiccation alleviates the light pressure within the leaves (Fig. 1). 2. During desiccation, stomatal closure leads to drastic reductions in CO2 fixation and photorespiration. We could not identify alternative electron sinks as a solution to reduce ROS production. 3. On the supramolecular level, semicrystalline protein arrays were identified in thylakoid membranes in the desiccated state (see Fig. 3). On the electron transport level, a specific series of shut downs occur (summarized in Fig. 2). The main events include: Early shutdown of the ATPase activity, cessation of electron transport between cyt. bf complex and PSI (can reduce ROS formation at PSI); at higher dehydration levels uncoupling of LHCII from PSII and cessation of electron flow from PSII accompanied by crystal formation. The later could severe as a swift PSII reservoir during rehydration. The specific order of events in the course of dehydration and rehydration discovered in this project is indicative for regulated structural transitions specifically realized in resurrection plants. This detailed knowledge can serve as an interesting starting point for rationale genetic engineering of drought-tolerant crops.
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