Articles de revues : « 330.15/3 »

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Fan, Shimin, Wenge Yang, Qirun Guo, Jianfeng Hao, Hongjie Li, Shouhai Yang et Yonghong Hu. « Thermodynamic Models for Determination of the Solubility of Boc-(R)-3-Amino-4-(2, 4, 5-trifluorophenyl)butanoic acid in Different Pure Solvents and (Tetrahydrofuran + n-Butanol) Binary Mixtures with Temperatures from 280.15 to 330.15 K ». Journal of Chemical & ; Engineering Data 61, n^o 3 (12 février 2016) : 1109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.5b00758.

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Witt, CM, T. Reinhold, S. Jena, B. Brinkhaus et SN Willich. « Cost-Effectiveness of Acupuncture Treatment in Patients With Headache ». Cephalalgia 28, n^o 4 (avril 2008) : 334–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01504.x.

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The aim was to assess costs and cost-effectiveness of additional acupuncture treatment in patients with headache compared with patients receiving routine care alone. A randomized, controlled trial was conducted, including patients (≥18 years old) with primary headache (more than 12 months, at least two headaches/month). Outcome parameters were quality of life (Short Form 36), direct and indirect costs differences during the 3-month study period and the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of acupuncture treatment. A total of 3182 patients (1613 acupuncture; 1569 controls) with headache were included (77.4% women, mean age and standard deviation 42.6 ± 12.3; 22.6% men, 47.2 ± 13.4). Over 3 months costs were higher in the acupuncture group compared with the control [€857.47; 95% confidence interval 790.86, 924.07, vs. €527.34 (459.81, 594.88), P < 0.001, mean difference: €330.12 (235.27, 424.98)]. This cost increase was primarily due to costs of acupuncture [€365.64 (362.19, 369.10)]. The ICER was €11 657 per QALY gained. According to international cost-effectiveness threshold values, acupuncture is a cost-effective treatment in patients with primary headache.

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Civille, Janie C., Kathleen Sayce, Stuart D. Smith et Donald R. Strong. « Reconstructing a century ofSpartina alterniflorainvasion with historical records and contemporary remote sensing ». Écoscience 12, n^o 3 (janvier 2005) : 330–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2980/i1195-6860-12-3-330.1.

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Adeogun, A. G., A. A. Mohammed, H. O. Ganiyu et A. W. Salami. « GIS-based approach for morphometric characteristics and development of hydrographs for the upper watershed of Jebba Reservoir, Nigeria ». Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology 14, n^o 3 (8 octobre 2021) : 239–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ejst.v14i3.5.

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Nigeria's Jebba sub-basins are synonymous to frequent flooding, high rate of erosion, depletion of soil nutrients and unsustainable water use. The uncontrolled flooding may be a result of numerous factors related to topography, geology, climate and human activity. The present work was an attempt to describe the application of Geographical Information System (GIS) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for the estimation of morphometric characteristics of eight sub-basins in the upstream watershed of Jebba reservoir, Nigeria. Morphometric characteristics such as topographic, areal, relief and network were determined. Soil Conservation Service (SCS) technique was applied to estimate hydrographs. The study revealed that sub-basin number 3 had the lowest time of concentration and maximum depth of runoff while sub-basin number 2 had maximum ratio of circulation of 1.8 and it is tagged as the area that is highly prone to flood. The peak runoff in the sub-basins ranged between 330.10 and 924.86 m3/s (25-year return period) and for 100-year intervals ranged between 502.69 to 1408.40 m3/s. The estimated peak runoffs can be adopted for designing and constructing erosion control structures in the catchment area.

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Ramadhan, Muhammad Dafa. « KAJIAN TEKNIS PRODUKSI ALAT MUAT DAN ALAT ANGKUT PADA KEGIATAN PENAMBANGAN BATUBARA ». Indonesian Mining Professionals Journal 5, n^o 1 (20 juin 2023) : 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.36986/impj.v5i1.56.

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This research aims to calculate the production capability of loading and conveyance equipment used in coal mining activities, find out what factors affect the non-achievement of coal production suggestions, and then make efforts to increase the production of loading and conveyance equipment so that the targets that have been set can be achieved. . In this study, observation and retrieval of data in the field directly (primary data) and indirectly (secondary data) will then be carried out data processing. Based on the results of calculations, it can be concluded that the production of Komatsu PC400LC Excavator loading equipment is 18,651.11 Tons / month and the production of 4 units of Nissan CWB450HD Dump Truck conveyance is 18.325,66 Tons / month. Factors that cause non-achievement of production targets on loading equipment and conveyance are low work efficiency due to loss of working time and non-optimal distribution time due to road conditions that do not meet the standards. Efforts to increase the production of load tools were made by increasing work efficiency from 63.56% to 64.32%, so that the production target increased to 20,761.54 tons / month. For conveyance, the first alternative that can be done to increase production is to increase work efficiency from 63.34% to 64.10% and optimize the distribution time of conveyance from 359.77 seconds to 330.10 seconds, so that production increases to 20.212,45 Tons / month. The second alternative that can be done is to increase the work efficiency and increase the number of bucket fillings from 3 times to 4 times, so that production increases to 21.986,50 Tons / month.

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Shao, Yong, et Meena Pradhan. « Higher Incision at Upper Part of Lower Segment Caesarean Section ». Journal of Nepal Medical Association 52, n^o 194 (30 juin 2014) : 764–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31729/jnma.2727.

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Introduction: To determine if the upper part of the lower segment of the uterus is a better site for cesarean incision then the traditionally used lower end. Methods: This is a case-control study (1:1 ratio) conducted from 1st October 2012– 30th September 2013 observed between transverse incision at the upper part of the lower segment versus traditional lower segment of the uterus. Two hundred caesarean sections were performed via a transverse uterine incision at the upper part of the lower segment and equal numbers of uterine incision was performed at traditional lower segment. To obtain less intraoperative bleeding high incision made at thicker wider muscular part at of the upper part of lower segment about 2-3 cm distances from vesico-uterine serosa. Results: The estimated volume of blood loss in high incision 188±60.1 ml was significantly less compared to traditional incision 330.1± 86.5 ml (p<0.05). Duration of operation 30.5± 6.6 minute versus 45.3±7.2 minute and tearing the uterine incision was significantly less with the high incision versus traditional incision. Other procedural and patient benefits are noted. Conclusions: An incision at the upper part of the lower segment reduces blood loss, enhances uterine retraction, predisposes to fewer complications, is easier to repair, precludes bladder adhesion to the suture line and reduces operation time. Keywords: caesarean section; higher incision technique; traditional uterine incision technique.

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Rahman, MH, MR Islam, FM Aminuzzaman, A. Latif et S. Nahar. « Evaluation of plant extracts, fungicides, bio-agent and soil amendments against foot and root rot disease of betelvine caused by Sclerotium rolfsii under field condition ». Bangladesh Journal of Agricultural Research 44, n^o 4 (1 mars 2020) : 669–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjar.v44i4.45726.

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The studies were carried out on the management of foot and root rot disease caused by Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc. of betelvine (Piper betle L.) during April, 2017 to April, 2018 in a betelvine orchard (baroj) in the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka. There were 10 treatments, namely Provax 200, Tilt 250 EC, Score 250 EC, Pencozeb 80 WP, Garlic clove extract, Allamanda leaf extract, Poultry waste, Vermi-compost, Trichoderma harzianum and Control. The in-vivo evatuation, plant was inoculated by S. rolfsii after six month of plantation. The evaluation revealed that the lowest disease incidence of 8.33% was found in Provax 200 whereas the highest disease incidence of 91.67 was recorded under the untreated control treatment. The maximum of 90.91% reduction in disease incidence over control was found under Provax 200, which was significantly higher compared to all other treatments. Among the treatments, Provax 200 was noted as the most effective fungicide followed by Score 250 EC. The highest yield (7.57 t/ha) at 120 days after inoculation was found in case of Provax 200 which was 330.1% increased over untreated control. Stem and soil treated with Provax 200 including spraying at 3 days after inoculation, then sprayed at 7 days’ intervals minimized disease incidence and increased yield. Among the eco-friendly approach, Garlic clove extract, Trichoderma harzianum and soil amended with Vermi-compost also showed better performance in controlling foot and root rot disease of betelvine as compared to control. Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(4): 669-677, December 2019

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Griffin, James J. « Quadronium and quantum electrodynamics ». Canadian Journal of Physics 74, n^o 7-8 (1 juillet 1996) : 527–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/p96-076.

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The composite-particle scenario is a phenomenology that can organize the data of the "sharp lepton problem" posed by heavy-ion and (β+ + atom) studies. It hypothesizes a new composite particle (of mass ~3mc2) as the source of the observed sharp energy (e+e−) decay pairs. Available data rule out the possibilities that the source is a new elementary particle or that it is a quasi-bound state of (e+e−). Occam's razor therefore currently favors the quadronium structure, Q0 = (e+e+e−e−). Implications of quadronium for high-precision quantum electrodynamics (QED) are considered, and calculated and (or) measured deviations in QED that are sensitive to the existence of Q0 are identified. In particular, for the electron magnetic-moment anomaly, a(e) = (ge − 2)/2, a Q0–pole effects a small correction to the contributions of O(α4), which is therefore small compared to the largest current (theoretical) uncertainty. For photon–photon scattering, Q0 corrects the leading order matrix element, and allows resonant Q0 creation in photon–nucleus scattering. Finally, a Q0 bound state corrects the O(α) correction to the leading 3γ annihilation rate of triplet positronium. Therefore Q0 may contribute significantly to this decay rate, which is currently in a 10σ discrepancy with experiment. A current experimental gap is the lack of corroborative data on the sharp (Γ ≤ 2.1 keV) 330.1 keV electrons reported by Sakai from irradiations of U and Th with β+-decay positrons. A study of these (and (or) their expected partner positrons of the same energy) in collisions of (~3 MeV) beam positrons (or electrons) upon high-Z neutral atoms could fill this gap. Similar studies with positrons of 660–795 keV would test the expectation that recoilless resonance creation of the Q0 source of these pairs is also possible.

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Yan, H., B. C. Li, R. Su et C. Wang. « AB0506 PRELIMINARY STUDY ON IMBALANCE BETWEEN Th17 AND REGULATORY T CELLS IN ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME ». Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23 mai 2022) : 1380.1–1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.2559.

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BackgroundAntiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a typical autoimmune disease, which can be classified into primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome (SAPS) based on the presence or not of other autoimmune diseases. Disorders of peripheral blood lymphocyte and CD4+T cell subsets, especially Th17 and Treg cell subsets, may be involved in the pathogenesis of APS.ObjectivesTo investigate the differences of peripheral blood lymphocyte and CD4+T cell subsets between patients with primary and secondary antiphospholipid syndrome and healthy controls, and to evaluate the correlation of antiphospholipid antibody titers and Th17/Treg values in PAPS and SAPS groups, as well as the correlation of cytokines and clinical characteristics in APS patients.MethodsA total of 67 APS patients (12 PAPS patients, 55 SAPS patients) and 40 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. Retrospectively collected clinical and laboratory data of these patients. The absolute numbers of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets and CD4+ T cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry, and serum cytokine levels were detected by flow cytometry bead array.ResultsCompared with healthy control group, the absolute values of T [689.26 vs. 1239.00, p＜0.001], B (104.69 vs. 177.50, p＜0.001), NK (98.97 vs. 300.00, p＜0.001) and CD4+T (330.16 vs. 628.50, p＜0.001) cells in SAPS group were decreased. While only the NK cells (151.30 vs. 300.00, p＝0.002) in the PAPS group were lower than that in healthy control group. However, the absolute values of T (1295.41 vs. 689.26, p＝0.001), B (184.44 vs. 104.69, p＝0.012), NK (151.30 vs. 98.97, p＝0.023) and CD4+T cells (698.34 vs. 330.16, p＝0.002) in PAPS group were significantly higher than those in SAPS group. For CD4+T cell subsets, PAPS patients and SAPS patients showed the same trend compared with healthy controls, showing increased Th1(111.50 vs. 23.47, p=0.002 and 71.43 vs. 23.47, p=0.001, respectively), decreased Th2(6.97vs.12.43, p=0.037 and 2.49 vs. 12.43, p＜0.001, respectively) and, more importantly, decreased Treg (18.77 vs. 29.53, p=0.031 and 12.01 vs. 29.53, p＜0.001, respectively), with increased Th17/Treg ratio (0.39 vs. 0.17, p=0.001 and 0.42 vs. 0.17, p＜0.001, respectively). Meanwhile, Th2(6.97 vs. 2.46, p＝0.006), Th17 (8.42 vs. 4.00, p＝0.042) and Treg (18.77 vs. 12.01, p＝0.020) cells in PAPS group were higher than those in SAPS group. As for the correlation study, we concluded that both aCL (r=0.6061, p=0.0405) and aβ2GPI (r=0.6900, p=0.0158) were positively correlated to Th17/Treg ratio in PAPS group. In addition, for APS patients, IL-2 (r=-0.420, p=0.010), IL-4 (r=-0.392, p=0.016), IL-10 (r=-0.331, p=-0.046), IL-17 (r=-0.479, p=0.006), and IFN-γ (r=-0.339, p=0.040) were negatively correlated with titers of aCL. And IL-6 is also associated with ESR (r=0.469, p=0.004) and CRP (r=0.670, p＜0.001).ConclusionWhether PAPS or SAPS patients, detection and balancing of lymphocyte and CD4+T subsets, especially Th17 and Treg subsets, may help correct immune disorders. Of course, the immune function of primary and secondary APS patients is not completely consistent, at least in terms of immune cells. Also, the role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of APS should not be ignored.Figure 1.Comparison of lymphocyte absolute values and CD4+ T cell subsets in PAPS group, SAPS group and healthy control group.Figure 2.The correlation analysis between the value of Th17/Treg and the titer of aCL and aβ2GPI in PAPS group and SAPS group, respectively.Figure 3.Heatmap of correlation of the serum cytokine levels of a variety of cytokines with clinical and laboratory characteristics of APS patients.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared

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Boga, Mustafa, Sema Yaman, Sibel Canoğlu Doğan et Aykut Burğut. « Niğde Bölgesinde Bulunan Ökse Otunun Yem Değerinin In Vitro Gaz Üretim Yöntemi İle Belirlenmesi ». Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 6, n^o 8 (20 août 2018) : 1051. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v6i8.1051-1057.1936.

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In this study nutrient content and In vitro digestibility of Mistletoe were determined in order to find out its potential to be used in the diets of ruminants. Mistletoe was collected by pruning shears during fruiting period from apricot (Purunus genus) and almond (Amygdalus communis L.) trees around the Bor road in Niğde. Four samples were taken for each tree species and later samples were divided in to four sub samples as whole plant, stalks, leaves and fruits to evaluate feed value. For the assessment of the feed value by In vitro gas production technique, rumen liquor and content was taken from a slaughter house nearby the laboratory. Mistletoe was incubated in 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. Crude protein, crude fat, ADF and NDF content of different parts of Mistletoe plant (whole plant, stalks, leaves and fruits) collected from apricot tree were in the ranges of 90.25 and 120.82, 80.05 and 100.13, 190.29 and 330.17, 280.85 and 500.86 g kg- 1 DM, respectively while those of Mistletoe plant collected from almond trees were 100.37and 140.67, 80.42 and 100.35, 200.45 and 360.87, 340.29 and 530.10 g kg- 1 DM respectively. In vitro organic matter digestibility (DOM), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy lactation (NEL) values of Mistletoe collected from apricot trees were ranged between 0.60 and 0.74, 9.0 and 11.17 ME kg- 1 DM and 6.08 and 7.71 NEL kg-1 DM, respectively while those of Mistletoe collected from almond trees were ranged between 0.63 and 0.76, 9.40 and 11.26 ME kg- 1 DM and 6.39 and 7.98 NEL kg- 1 DM, respectively. There were statistically differences in the DOM, ME and NEL values of different parts of the Mistletoe. In general, the mistletoe was moderate in protein and in fibre, and high in crude fat content compared with forages and very good in ME and NEL content. In conclusion, unless its harmful effects on health and performance are shown in feeding trials, mistletoe has good potential as a feed ingredient in the diets of ruminants.

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Prather, Aric, Ethan Dutcher, Ashley Mason, James Robinson, Stacy Drury, Frederick Hecht et Elissa Epel. « 0099 Impact of Sleep and Timing of Vaccination on Neutralizing Antibody Responses to the COVID-19 Vaccine ». SLEEP 47, Supplement_1 (20 avril 2024) : A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsae067.0099.

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Abstract Introduction Vaccines remain the primary mitigating strategy to reduce the burden of disease caused by COVID-19. As such, there is a pressing need to identify factors that promote more robust and durable immune responses to vaccination. Sleep and circadian processes, such as the timing of vaccine administration, have been hypothesized to play a meaningful role in predicting durability of antibody responses; however, empirical data supporting links between sleep and timing on COVID-19 vaccine response is limited. Methods We recruited 428 adults (aged 18-88 years old) naive to the COVID-19 vaccination series and SARS-CoV-2 infection who received the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine series (% Pfizer; % Moderna) and underwent blood draws to quantify neutralizing antibody responses (nAB) 1 and 6 months post vaccination series. They completed sleep questionnaires (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index) and a week of sleep diaries at three time points. In addition, 198 participants wore a wearable device (Oura Ring) for 2 months to capture behavioral sleep metrics. Time of day of vaccine was obtained by self-report as part of the daily diaries. Results Analyses revealed that independent of age, sex, BMI, smoking status, and vaccine type, poorer global sleep quality was associated with lower nABs 6-months post vaccination (F(1, 424.3)=5.30, p=0.02). We also did detected a trend-level 3-way interaction between vaccine type, time point, and OURA based sleep duration indicating that shorter sleep duration was associated with lower 6-month nAB in those who received the Pfizer vaccine (b=0.17, SE=0.07, p=0.009). In analyses examining the impact of time of day of vaccine administration on nABs, we failed to find any evidence that timing of vaccine administration was associated with nABs at 1 or 6 months post vaccination (Dose 1: F(1, 330.1)=0.01, p=0.91; Dose 2: F(1, 344.5)=0.46, p=0.50). Conclusion Findings suggest that better global sleep quality is associated with greater nAB durability to the COVID-19 vaccine, and among those who received the Pfizer vaccine, longer average sleep duration promoted higher nAB 6-months post-vaccination. However, there was no clear evidence indicating that timing of vaccination administration was relevant to nAB responses. Further research is warranted including investigations into whether sleep interventions can enhance vaccine efficacy. Support (if any) R24AG048024

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Liu, Lingzi, Zengyi Wang, Yanping Yu, Xiaohan Yang, Biying Qi, Ke Zhang et Wu Liu. « Microstructural and microperimetric comparison of internal limiting membrane peeling and insertion in large idiopathic macular hole ». BMC Ophthalmology 23, n^o 1 (14 juin 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12886-023-03006-z.

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Abstract Background The internal limiting membrane (ILM) insertion technique was widely used to treat large macular hole (MH) for the high closure rate. However, the prognosis of closed MH after ILM insertion compared to ILM peeling remains controversial. This study aimed to compare foveal microstructure and microperimeter in large idiopathic MH surgically closed by ILM peeling and ILM insertion. Methods This retrospective, non-randomized, comparative study included patients with idiopathic MH (minimum diameter ≥ 650 μm) who underwent primary pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with ILM peeling or ILM insertion. The initial closure rate was recorded. Patients with initially closed MHs were divided into two groups according to the surgery methods. The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), optical coherence tomography (OCT) and microperimeter-3 (MP-3) outcomes of two groups were compared at baseline, 1 and 4 months postoperatively. Results For idiopathic MH (minimum diameter ≥ 650 μm), ILM insertion had a significantly higher initial closure rate than ILM peeling (71.19% vs. 97.62%, P = 0.001). Among 39 patients with initially closed MHs who were on regular follow-up, twenty-one were assigned to the ILM peeling group and 18 to the ILM insertion group. Postoperative BCVA improved significantly in both groups. The final BCVA (logMAR) (0.40 vs. 0.88, P < 0.001), macular hole sensitivity (19.66 dB vs. 14.14 dB, P < 0.001), peripheral sensitivity of macular hole (24.63 dB vs. 21.95 dB, P = 0.005), and fixation stability (FS) within 2 degrees (82.42% vs. 70.57%, P = 0.031) were significantly better and external limiting membrane (ELM) defect (330.14 μm vs. 788.28 μm, P < 0.001) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) defect (746.95 μm vs. 1105.11 μm, P = 0.010) were significantly smaller in the ILM peeling group than in the ILM insertion group. Conclusion For initially closed MHs (minimum diameter ≥ 650 μm), both ILM peeling and ILM insertion significantly improved the microstructure and microperimeter in the fovea. However, ILM insertion was less efficient at microstructural and functional recovery after surgery.

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Yu, Guizhen, Yong Zhang, Xinfang Xie, Bo Meng, Wantao Ying, Jicheng Lv et Hong Zhang. « P0356QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF GALNAC NUMBER IN THE HINGE REGION OF IGA1 IN IGA NEPHROPATHY WITH CRESCENTS FORMING ». Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 35, Supplement_3 (1 juin 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfaa142.p0356.

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Abstract Background and Aims Aberrant IgA1 O-linked glycosylation of IgA1 hinge region (HR) has been shown playing an important role in the pathogenesis of IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Serum levels of galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) was associated with the development and progression in IgAN, however variations in the composition of IgA1 HR glycoforms are unknown. In this study we aim to quantitative assessment of GalNAc number in the hinge region of IgA1 in IgAN with crescents forming using mass spectrometry. Method Plasma polymeric IgA1 (pIgA1) was purified from a discovery cohort including crescentic IgAN (n=11) non-crescentic IgAN (n=10) and healthy controls (HC, n=10) and a validation cohort (crescentic IgAN, n=10; non-crescentic IgAN, n=10 and healthy controls, n=11). After denaturation, reduction, alkylation and trypsin digestion, liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS) was used to analyse the IgA1 HR glycans. The intensity of the identified IgA1 O-glycopeptide was calculated and expressed as the relative abundance for each glycopeptide. The molecular weight (MW) of intact O-glycopeptide was calculated as the formula following: MW = HR + x GalNAc + y Gal + z NeuAc + H+ (x, y and z represent the number of GalNAc, galactose and NeuAc which bind to one HR in IgA1 O-linked glycopeptides respectively) Glycopeptide content ratio = (glycopeptide peak intensity/ total glycopeptide intensity) ×100%. Results In the discovery cohort population, the level of Gd-IgA1 was highest in patients with crescentic IgAN, middle in patients with non-crescentic IgAN and lowest in healthy controls (347.69±57.89 U/ml vs 336.32±38.44 U/ml vs 330.14±33.22 U/ml), albeit that didn’t reach the statistical significance. There were significantly difference in GalNAc number of IgA1 HR among patients with IgAN and healthy controls. Overall the numbers of GalNAc bound to one HR was much lower in the patients than healthy controls. As shown in the Figure 1, the proportion of GalNAc 3, defined as O-glycans that were bound to one HR at 3 sites, were highest in patients with crescentic IgAN, then the non-crescentic IgAN and lowest in the healthy controls (9.92%±3.37% vs 6.65%±1.53% vs 4.05%±1.24%; p-value for the trend<0.001). Similar results were observed in GalNAc 4 (45.91%±4.75% vs 41.13%±2.95% vs 40.98%±2.95%; P=0.004. However regarding the GalNAc 5 and GalNAc 6, crescentic IgAN was lowest, then non-crescentic IgAN and highest in the healthy control (GalNAc 5: 45.17%±5.46% vs 46.90%±2.78% vs 48.05%±3.02%, P=0.001 GalNAc 6:1.62%±1.60% vs 3.95%±1.92% vs 5.39%±2.38%; P<0.001). These results were consistent in the validation cohort (Figure 1). Conclusion GalNAc numbers in IgA1 HR was lower in patients with IgAN especially in crescentic IgAN. These results suggest that the O-glycans of IgA1 were associated with the severe phenotype in IgA nephropathy.

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Smith, Jonna, Madison Powell, Savanna Smith, Kylie Jones, Beatriz Castillo, Adair McCafferty, Natalia Wiemann, Malissa Owen, Riti Srivastava et Whitney Cromartie. « A new rodent model of preeclampsia : Pregnant daughters from hypertensive placental ischemic moms have hypertension ». Physiology 38, S1 (mai 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiol.2023.38.s1.5733051.

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Background: Studies show that daughters from hypertensive pregnancies are twice as likely to have preeclampsia (PE), pregnancy-induced hypertension (HTN) in comparison to women born from a normal pregnancy. PE affects ~5-10% of all births in the USA and is the leading cause of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). PE is associated with oxidative stress (OS) and cerebral damage. The causes of PE are unknown but is influenced by genetic and environmental conditions. Studies show that pregnancies involving placental insufficiency and HTN create an adverse environment that can affect the IUGR baby’s developmental programming and pregnancy outcomes.This study aims to characterize the pregnancy of IUGR rat offspring from hypertensive placental ischemic moms. We hypothesize female rats born from pregnant hypertensive placental ischemic moms will have elevated blood pressure (BP) and OS. Methods: Pregnant Sprague Dawley moms are divided into 2 groups: normal pregnant (NP) and the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) hypertensive placental ischemic rats. On day 14 of pregnancy, the RUPP surgery is performed to generate PE. All dams (NP and RUPP) give birth naturally and weaned for 3 weeks. Offspring were then separated by sex and mother’s pregnancy status. ~10 weeks later, offspring were mated according to 4 groups: ♀NP x ♂NP (CON Preg, n=3), ♀NP x ♂RUPP (n=2), ♀RUPP x ♂NP (IUGR Preg, n=5), ♀RUPP x ♂RUPP (n=4). On day 19 of offspring pregnancy, BP was measured via carotid catheterization and the blood and brains were collected for analyses. Results: IUGR Preg rats have elevated BP (116 ± 4.17 vs 100.6 ± 2.54 mmHg, p<0.02) and 8-isoprostanes (439.2 ± 13.61 vs 381.3 ± 26.10 g, ns), decreased circulating antioxidant capacity (AC) (0.33 ± 0.01 vs. 0.37 ± 0.01 mM Trolox/mg protein, p<0.01), and reduced body weight (330.1 ± 5.24 vs 350.3 ± 10.82 g, ns) compared to CON Preg rats. IUGR Preg rats have larger brains, suggesting brain swelling (5.38 ± 0.10 vs 4.95 ± 0.19 g/1000g BW, p<0.04). HSP-1 (186.1 ± 28.14 vs 100.0 ± 6.36 %HSP-1/protein/CON, p<0.04) and H2O2 (25.76 ± 2.95 vs 15.81 ± 4.56 μM/mg protein, ns), markers of ROS, are increased in the brains of IUGR Preg vs. CON Preg rats. Cerebral AC was slightly reduced (260.0 ± 33.14 vs 292.3 ± 13.91 uM Trolox/mg protein) and MnSOD (antioxidant) amounts were decreased (87.96 ± 3.43 vs 100.0 ± 2.84 %MnSOD/protein/CON, p<0.63). Conclusion: IUGR Preg rats have increased systemic and cerebral OS, as well as larger brain sizes which may lead to cerebral damage. In summary, pregnant daughters from hypertensive placental ischemic moms show symptoms of a preeclamptic-like phenotype, thus creating a new model of PE. Future studies will determine the role of maternal PE status and OS in the development of HTN in pregnant IUGR offspring. This is the full abstract presented at the American Physiology Summit 2023 meeting and is only available in HTML format. There are no additional versions or additional content available for this abstract. Physiology was not involved in the peer review process.

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De Rijdt, S., K. Illingworth, N. De Munck, H. Tournaye, S. Mackens, M. De Vos et C. Blockeel. « O-130 Initiation of ovarian stimulation in the late follicular phase, a randomized controlled trial ». Human Reproduction 38, Supplement_1 (1 juin 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/dead093.157.

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Abstract Study question Does late follicular phase stimulation yield similar outcomes compared with conventional early follicular phase stimulation in a GnRH antagonist protocol in oocyte donors? Summary answer Late follicular phase stimulation is not inferior in terms of number of oocytes compared to early follicular phase stimulation in a GnRH antagonist protocol. What is known already In patients undergoing fertility preservation for medical reasons, late follicular phase stimulation has been effectively used, resulting in similar numbers of total and mature oocytes obtained, oocyte maturation rate, mature oocyte yield, and fertilization rates compared to conventional early follicular phase ovarian stimulation. Because of LH suppression by endogenous progesterone in the luteal phase, there is less need for the use of a GnRH antagonist. Study design, size, duration This is an open label, phase 3, non-inferiority, randomized controlled trial using a two-arm design with 1:1 allocation ratio. The study included 71 oocyte donors between 18 and 36 years, with a regular menstrual cycle length and BMI 19-35 kg/m2, who underwent ovarian stimulation between November 2018 and May 2022. Patients were allocated to either early follicular start (Group A, n = 36), or to late follicular start (Group B, n = 35). Participants/materials, setting, methods In Group A, patients followed a fixed GnRH antagonist protocol with r-FSH 225IU daily. In Group B, r-FSH 225IU daily was initiated when a dominant follicle and late follicular hormonal values were observed, a GnRH antagonist was added if serum LH-levels were >10IU/L. The primary outcome was number of cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COCs). Secondary endpoints included number of mature oocytes, consumption of gonadotropins, duration of ovarian stimulation, days of GnRH antagonist used, and cost of the stimulation. Main results and the role of chance Using an intention-to-treat analysis, the total number of oocytes did not differ between Group A and Group B (17.7±10.0 vs 17.2±9.1, p = 0.82, difference 0.49 ,95% CI (-4.04 to 5.03)). In the per protocol analysis, after excluding 4 patients, there was no difference between Group A and Group B (18.2±9.7 vs 18.8±7.8, p = 0.62, difference -0.6, 95% CI (-4.9 to 3.7)).The number of mature oocytes did not differ between Group A and Group B (14.1±8.1 vs 12.7±8.5, p = 0.48). In none of the treatment arms OHSS was observed. The duration of stimulation was shorter in Group A than in Group B (10.0±1.6 vs 10.9±1.5 days, p = 0.01). The total amount of r-FSH used was lower in group A than in Group B (2240.7±313.9 IU vs 2453.9±330.1 IU p = 0.008). A GnRH antagonist was used for approximately 6 days in Group A, while in group B, only in one patient a GnRH antagonist was prescribed for 4 days (6.0±1.4 days vs 0.13±0.7 days p < 0.001). There was a significant difference in total medication cost per cycle between both protocols (1147.9±182.8 € in Group A, vs 979.9±129.0 € in group B, p < 0.001), i.e. a cost reduction of 15% for Group B as compared with Group A. Limitations, reasons for caution A limitation of the study is the lack of embryology data. Because of adaptations in the oocyte donation program in our center over the years, this study contains a mix of fresh and frozen donation cycles, leading to a very heterogenous group, making correct interpretation of the embryology data difficult. Wider implications of the findings Late follicular phase stimulation is as efficient as early follicular phase stimulation in terms of number of oocytes. It is patient-friendly, with reduced cost and reduced number of injections. Trial registration number NCT03767218

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