Thèses : « 2012 a-186 »

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Robinson, Thomas William. « "Just before a mighty earthquake" : three Southwest Georgia counties during the Secession Crisis, November 1860-January 1861 / ». Full-text of dissertation on the Internet (660.68 KB), 2010. http://www.lib.jmu.edu/general/etd/2010/masters/robinnstw/robinstw_masters_04-21-2010.pdf.

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Castro, Duarte Nuno Magalhães de. « Imagens do Porto : os guias turísticos de 1864 a 2011 ». Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10681.

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Mestrado em Gestão e Planeamento em Turismo
A presente dissertação procura analisar a produção de guias turísticos editados no, e para o Porto. Com o fim de apurar as possíveis imagens transmitidas pelos mesmos nos últimos séculos, é efectuado um enquadramento teórico, sobre o turismo, o guia turístico e a própria cidade do Porto. Compreendendo o levantamento de fontes documentais nos períodos respeitantes aos séculos XIX, XX e XXI, a análise de conteúdo foi aplicada aos guias escolhidos através do modelo de recorte de texto inspirado em Eduardo Brito Henriques no seu estudo Lisboa Turística de 1996. A imagem que se identifica aqui não se faz através da opinião dos turistas, mas da expressão dos próprios guias. Desta forma, a imagem da cidade do Porto evolui durante os três últimos séculos, demonstrando a própria vida da cidade a nível cultural, social e mesmo urbanístico..
This thesis looks to analyze the production of guidebooks published in and for Oporto. Its purpose is to discover the possible images transmitted by them in recent centuries, making a theoretical framework on tourism, on the tour guide and the city of Oporto. Content analysis was applied to the guides chosen by the model “text-clipping” (inspired by Eduardo Brito Henriques, in his study Lisboa Turística, 1996), through the understanding of the documentary sources related to the 19th, 20th and 21st centuries. The concept is not identified through the review of the tourists, but the expression of their own tour guides. This way, the image of Oporto evolves during the last three centuries, providing a new cultural, social and even urban view.

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Starnes-Vincent, Carolyn Ann. « A history of the music department at Emory College/University, 1836-2010 ». Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/11056.

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Thesis (D.M.A.)--Boston University
Emory University has a well-established music department with a long and important history, which was not documented until the present research. The history is also interwoven with the history ofthe establishment of the college. On December 10, 1836 the Georgia General Assembly granted the Georgia Methodist Conference a charter to Emory College. The school re-located to the suburban area of Atlanta known as Druid Hills in DeKalb County and was re-chartered as Emory University in 1915. Emory University's reputation rests on the fame of its medical school; however, since the 1800s, music has had an important role in the life ofthe college and university community. It holds a rich heritage, which continues to be shared around the world. The research is an historical study of the Emory University Music Department, 1836- 2010. It focuses on the founding of the music curriculum prior to the actual organization ofthe department, the circumstances under which the department was developed, the historical role music has played at Emory over the course of one hundred seventy-four years, how the music curriculum has evolved as the university has grown, and the influential individuals in the Emory University music department. The study will describe both past and current music curricula, including the implementation of the baccalaureate and master's degree programs in music and sacred music. Music class offerings, as well as the development of degree requirements, will be documented through information obtained in college and course catalogues from 1927 to 2010. Catalogues published prior to 1927 will be reviewed for music course offerings, and it will be determined whether these were credit or non-credit courses. The study is historical in nature, utilizing primary sources found in the archives at the Emory at Oxford campus and Emory University. The primary sources will include individual documents such as personal letters, scrapbooks, photographs, flyers, yearbooks, newspaper clippings, programs, and recordings. Oral history sources will include interviews with faculty and students, both past and present. Recorded interviews will be completed through audio and electronic mail methods. Secondary sources will include books, Emory alumni newsletters/magazines, and electronic information describing music programs and events at Emory College/University. These procedures will illustrate the historic role of music at Emory College/University, Emory's affiliation with the Methodist/United Methodist Church, and the music department's correlation with music education.

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Tabe, Fidelis Ebot. « Street trading in the central business district of Cape Town 1864- 2012 : a study of state policies ». University of the Western Cape, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4151.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
This thesis seeks to examine the making of official policies on street trading in Cape Town’s city centre and the impact of such policies. It covers an extensive period from colonial times to the Union era and from apartheid to democracy. The local government and its role in controlling the trade is the centre of focus but the thesis also explores how the oral testimonies of street traders in the city centre contribute to our understanding of the activity as well as the impact of policy. This thesis poses several questions. What influences policy? What is the impact of policy? Are there continuities or discontinuities in policy? How does one understand street trading and the impact of policy from the perspectives of street traders themselves? Given that there are significant studies of street trading in other municipalities, how does a history of street trading in Cape Town compare? Is there anything distinctive about Cape Town?` Several factors have influenced policy. These have been similar to other local authorities. These have been the desire to raise revenue for the city, to protect the interest of established businesses who feared competition from street traders, the city’s desire to maintain a clean, beautiful and orderly city, as well as traffic and sanitation considerations. Like other local authorities, strategies have included: issuing licenses to street traders and the development and implementation of street trading regulations which either restricted or prohibited street trading. In contrast to studies of other cities, this thesis explores the practice of registration as a measure of control which nonetheless confers rights. This thesis marks the 1980s as representing a decisive shift in policy from one characterized by the prosecution of street traders to a more sympathetic and supportive approach towards street traders. The post-apartheid context saw significant changes in policy motivated by the desire to seek solutions to unemployment and poverty alleviation. Thus permanent stands for street traders in the city centre have been provided, traders have been involved in decision making and power has been devolved to associations. The latter practice has been significant in Cape Town. This thesis has also found that out of the major South African cities, Cape Town comes after Johannesburg in having progressive street trader policies. This measure of progressive is seen in the number of street traders, in the provision of infrastructure such as stands and the encouragement of the sector. While the Cape Town city council has a developmental continuum plan which sees street trading leading to formal businesses, it has yet to put resources to further this. Oral histories have been particularly useful in highlighting that street trading is not only the occupation of the urban poor. This thesis highlights individuals with skills and education and who see the sector as bearing many advantages. The thesis points to the sector as being differentiated. Further, the distinction between the formal and informal gets blurred in the contemporary era. This thesis highlights the hereditary nature of street trading in Cape Town thus challenging ideas of street trading as a transitory occupation. With regard to policy, interviews highlighted the negative impact of policy during apartheid. While traders see the advantages of the democratic era, they nonetheless argue too that the encouragement of the sector has seen an increase in the number of street traders but no significant increase in a customer base. There is thus some nostalgia for the pre-1994 years. This study has allowed one to track continuity and discontinuity and to explore the idea of a progressive policy and to make comparisons with other cities drawing from official and oral sources.

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Van, Acker Wouter. « Universalism as Utopia : A Historical Study of the Schemes and Schemas of Paul Otlet (1868-1944) ». Doctoral thesis, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/241589.

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This doctoral dissertation is an intellectual biography which discusses the projects and utopian visions of Paul Otlet (1868-1944). Paul Otlet formulated the concept of ‘documentation’, a field incorporating both study and practice that evolved out of bibliography before developing into information science. He was also a sociologist, an internationalist and indefatigable promoter of his conception of ‘universalism’ or ‘mondialism’, and of the Mundaneum and the Cité Mondiale. The major source that is used to throw new light on Otlet as a utopian thinker is an impressive collection of thousands of unpublished schemas. By means of an historical analysis of his schemas and writings, this thesis aims to identify the fundamental universalistic character of his utopian vision of knowledge organization and international organization. Universalism was a phenomenon incorporating complex personal ideals and social objectives, assuming different meanings in the fields of science, culture and politics, and reflecting the historical circumstances and undertakings of the time. By exploring how Paul Otlet and others dealt with the issue, this dissertation aims to contribute to the history of the idea of ‘universalism’.
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

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Considine, Jennifer Irene. « The evolution of the Russian oil industry (1860-2012) : a search for a long-run crude oil supply forecasting model ». Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1999. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU111661.

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This thesis presents an analysis of the development and future prospects for the Russian oil industry (1860-2012). The objective of this study is to develop a 'supply forecasting' methodology that is sufficiently flexible to model and explain the historical evolution of the Russian oil industry-despite the diverse nature of the economic and political regimes that have governed its development-and to produce a reliable forecast for the future development of the industry under a variety of assumptions regarding the fiscal environment that might be expected to prevail in the future. The Russian Federation crude oil supply curve, and 'fiscal and pricing' model is a variation of the rate of effort approach developed by A.D. Zapp (1962). The rate of effort curve is based on the existence of an 'objective' empirical relationship between drilling activity and discoveries, so that the model is insensitive to political and economic influences. The exogenous driving variable-the number of wildcats-may be determined by central command, the specifications of multi-lateral lending agencies, the level of investment funds devoted to the exploration effort, and/or the principles of perfect competition. A time series representing the evolution of exploration effort and cumulative discoveries for the entire history of the Russian oil industry (1860-1998) is used in the estimation of the parameters. The main contribution of this study is the use of the Russian Federation crude oil supply curve and 'fiscal and pricing' model to assess the evolution of the regulatory and fiscal (tax) regime governing petroleum operations in the Russian Federation. In the years 1991-1997, the development of the Russian oil industry has been repressed by an inefficient, revenue-based tax system. Given the potential for profits-economic rents-in the Russian oil industry, an infinite number of petroleum rent schemes may be devised for the collection and distribution of these rents. The interests of the Russian Federation will be best served by the development of a tax regime that promotes self-sufficiency in the upstream petroleum industry.

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Soares, Carlos Vinicius Ludwig Viegas. « A influência dos Estados Unidos no desenvolvimento econômico canadense : uma análise histórica (1867-2010) ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/49937.

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Neste trabalho é feita uma análise histórica das relações econômicas entre Canadá e Estados Unidos, visando mostrar a influência americana sobre o desenvolvimento econômico canadense. O trabalho apresenta como foco principal dois períodos distintos. O primeiro inicia com a Confederação (1867) e vai até o final da II Guerra Mundial e é marcado por diversas tentativas protecionistas canadenses, destacando-se neste sentido, a National Policy, visando um desenvolvimento autônomo em relação aos Estados Unidos e até mesmo buscando evitar a anexação de seu território pelo país vizinho. O segundo período, compreendido entre 1945 até os dias atuais é marcado pela aproximação canadense em relação aos Estados Unidos e um amplo domínio americano sobre a economia canadense, tanto no que diz respeito às relações de comércio e de investimentos, assim como na desestruturação do modelo econômico canadense, notadamente mais focado em questões sociais do que o americano. O auge da dependência canadense ocorre com a entrada em vigor dos tratados de livre comércio, principalmente com o Free Trade Agreement (FTA), em 1989 e o North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) em 1994. No entanto, no início do século XXI, a ascensão do conservadorismo americano, os custos econômicos gerados pelo enrijecimento das fronteiras aliados às divergências culturais e sociais entre os dois países, que voltaram à tona na última década, contribuíram novamente para a busca da redução da dependência canadense, através de novas parcerias comerciais e de investimentos com outros países. Estas parcerias, mesmo que ainda incipientes, vem reduzindo de forma lenta a dependência econômica em relação aos Estados Unidos e criando opções de diversificação de suas relações econômicas, até então não verificadas na história do Canadá.
This study presents a historical analysis of the economic relations between Canada and the United States aiming to demonstrate the US influence over the Canadian economic development. The work focuses mainly on two distinct periods. The first, starting with the Confederation (1867) and lasting until the end of World War II, is marked by various Canadian protectionist attempts, with emphasis, in this sense, on the National Policy, which sought an autonomous development in relation to the United States, even seeking to avoid the attachment of its territory by the neighboring country. The second period, from 1945 until the present days, is marked by the Canadian approximation in relation to the United States and a large American dominance over the economy of that country, both in regards to trade and investment relations and the disintegration of the Canadian economic model, noticeably more focused on social issues than the US model. The apex of Canada’s dependency occurs with the free trade treats coming into force, especially with the Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in 1989, and the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994. However, at the start of the 21st century, the ascension of the American conservatism, the economic costs generated by stiffening the frontier lines, together with the cultural and social differences between the two countries, which reemerged in the last decade, contributed again for the pursuit of reducing Canadian dependency, through new commercial partnerships and investments with other countries. These partnerships, even if still incipient, have been slowly decreasing the economic dependency in relation to the United States and creating options for diversifying its economic relations, which, until then, were not observed in the history of Canada.

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HERNÁNDEZ, RUZ Emil José. « A morfologia de Stenocercus dumerilii Steindachner (1867) (Squamata, Iguanidae) e suas implicações filogenéticas ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2004. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/4215.

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O estudo teve por objetivo incluir Stenocercus dumerilii (Steindachner, 1867) no contexto dos estudos filogenéticos recentes realizados com Tropidurinae*. Apresenta-se uma descrição da escutelação, crânio, cintura escapular, esqueleto abdominal e hemipênis, com ênfase nos caracteres utilizados na literatura em análises filogenéticas envolvendo o gênero Stenocercus. O estudo baseou-se em 65 exemplares fixados, dois exemplares diafanizados e dois hemipénis evertidos. Constatou-se que S. dumerilii apresenta as características utilizadas para definir o gênero Stenocercus, dentro de sua definição atual, assim como os táxons hierarquicamente superiores que o incluem. Algumas diferenças observadas são um único par de costelas xifisternais, cauda deprimida, escamas pós-supraciliares projetadas em forma de "chifre" (também presente em S. tricristatus) e escamas parietais, pós-parietais e occipitais aumentadas, em seqüência longitudinal. Ao contrário do que tem sido considerado anteriormente, a espécie não apresenta grande parte das características do denominado "grupo Opkyoessoides". As principais características de S. dumerilii que o separam deste grupo são o arranjo das escamas supraoculares e posteriores da cabeça e a distância entre os pares de costelas pós-xifisternais. Conclui-se que S. dumerilii se enquadra bem nos Tropidurinae* e no gênero Stenocercus, mas não faz parte do chamado "grupo Ophryoessoides".
The objetive of this study was to include the lizard Stenocercus dumerilii (Steindachner, 1867) in the phylogenetic context of Tropidurinae*. Scale morphology, cranial anatomy, scapular girdle, abdominal skeleton, and hemipenis are described. Emphasis is given to characters used in phylogenetic studies including the genus Stenocercus. Sixty-five preserved specimens, two cleared and stained specimens, and two distended hemipenis have been examined. The characteristics studied agree with the generic placement of the species, considering its present definition. On the other hand, the species is unique within the genus Stenocercus by having only one pair of xiphisternal ribs, a depressed tail, postsupraciliar scales projected in the form of a horn (together with S. tricristatus), and enlarged parietal, postparietal and occipital scales forming a longitudinal sequence. Contrary to what has been generally considered, this species does not agree with the characteristics o f the informal "Ophryoessoides group". The main characteristics of S. dumerilii that exclude it from this species group are the arrangement of supraoculars and posterior head scales, and the distance between the pairs of post-xiphisternal ribs. It is concluded that S. dumerilii fits well within Tropidurinae* and the genus Stenocercus, but it is not part of the "Ophryoessoides group".

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Aleixo, João Miguel Romero Chagas Viegas. « O culto a Nossa Senhora da Piedade, Mãe Soberana dos Louletanos, em Loulé (1806-2013) ». Master's thesis, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/12222.

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Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História Contemporânea
O trabalho agora apresentado constitui uma dissertação de mestrado em História Contemporânea, no domínio historiográfico da História Religiosa. Nele, pretende-se estudar a evolução do culto a Nossa Senhora da Piedade, em Loulé, ao longo dos séculos XIX e XX. Nesse sentido procedeu-se à consulta de fontes primárias em quatro diferentes arquivos (paroquial, municipal, distrital e diocesano), assim como à consulta de artigos e de reportagens publicados em cerca de cem diferentes periódicos (locais, regionais e nacionais). Conclui-se que o culto a Nossa Senhora da Piedade passou por um processo de consolidação a nível local nos séculos XVIII e XIX, para, no decorrer do século XX, se consolidar a nível nacional. Em finais do século XIX, princípio do século XX, nomeadamente até às «aparições» de Fátima, a Festa da Piedade era já uma das maiores manifestações religiosas a Sul do Douro. Passando, após as «aparições» de 1917, a ser uma das maiores celebrações religiosas, se não mesmo a maior, celebrada a Sul de Fátima. Demonstra-se como este culto, no início da segunda metade do século XX, adquire o estatuto de uma das mais importantes devoções Marianas à escala nacional, juntamente com as invocações Marianas cultuadas em Vila Viçosa, Sameiro e Fátima.

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LIMA, Alexandre Martins de. « Pelos trilhos dos bondes : cidade, modernidade e tensões sociais em Belém de 1869 a 1947 ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/2890.

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FIDESA - Fundação Instituto para o Desenvolvimento da Amazônia
UNAMA - Universidade da Amazônia
A presente pesquisa objetiva analisar as mudanças sociais e espaciais ocorridas em Belém, através dos bondes, no período de 1869 a 1947. Neste contexto, os carris surgem como símbolos de modernidade e locus privilegiado de observação de fenômenos sociais que se desenrolam cotidianamente, como as relações de gênero, de dominação e resistência, a territorialização do espaço urbano – em parte oriunda do processo de gentrificação – e as estratégias de legitimação de posse dos mesmos, os diversos graus de sociabilidade, as afetividades estabelecidas, os comportamentos sociais instituídos de maneira tácita ou determinados normas e/ou códigos de postura. Desta forma, objetivando a análise dos processos interativos que produzem o sentido “prático” da realidade o materialismo histórico é utilizado como principal suporte metodológico. Questões relativas à distinção entre grupos sociais, lutas de classificações e poder simbólico foram analisadas através de conceitos e categorias trabalhadas por Bourdieu. A sociologia processual de Norbert Elias também foi utilizada como viés interpretativo de fenômenos sociais, o que deu à pesquisa um caráter linear. A investigação deteve-se em eixos: a história da cidade, a história do cotidiano e a história dos bondes. Como meio de interpretação da história da cidade e do cotidiano utilizou-se a literatura, principalmente a regional, e os discursos oficiais – da Municipalidade, das empresas concessionárias, o discurso midiático e os relatos de memória. Conclui-se que os bondes alteraram as percepções do binômio espaço-tempo de seus usuários, reproduziram as diferenças existentes entre os grupos sociais, proporcionaram novas formas de sociabilidade, fomentaram o crescimento da cidade e promoveram a conexão entre os territórios de uma Belém gentrificada.
This investigation aims to analyze the spatial and social changes that happened in belém, through the tramway perspective, from 1869 to 1947. In this context, tramways appear as symbols of modernity and as locus where daily social phenomena could be observed, such as gender relations, social dominations and resistance, territorialization of urban space – partially generated by the gentrification process – the varying degrees of sociability and affectivities and social behaviors tacitly established, or imposed by posture codes. Thus, historical materialism is used as the main methodological support. Subjects like social distinction, social classification and symbolic power were analysed using Bourdieu´s concepts and categories. The processual sociology of Norbert Elias was also used to interpretate social phenomena, wich gave linearity to this investigation. The investigation has focused on three axes: the city´s history, the everyday life´s history, and tramway´s history. As a mean of interpreting the city´s history and daily life, the literature was used, regional mainly, and official reports from the city and tram companies, the media discourse and memory stories. We concluded that tramways changed their user´s perception of space and time, reproduced social group´s differences, provided new forms of sociability, fostered the growth of the city and connected the territories of a gentrified city.
UNAMA - Universidade da Amazônia

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SILVA, Raimundo Darley Figueiredo da. « Análises populacionais em Lutjanus purpureus (Poey, 1866) da costa atlântica ocidental a partir de marcadores moleculares ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/7233.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Organismos marinhos com ampla distribuição são excelentes modelos para o entendimento de padrões de conectividade genética histórica. Lutjanus purpureus, ou pargo, como a espécie é popularmente conhecida, é um Teleósteo marinho pertencente à família Lutjanidae. A espécie distribui- se desde Cuba até o Nordeste do Brasil, sendo frequentemente encontrada sobre fundos rochosos e arenosos. Possui elevada importância econômica, no entanto poucos são os estudos disponíveis acerca da arquitetura genética da espécie. Dos principais objetivos do presente estudo, o primeiro trata do desenvolvimento e caracterização de iniciadores do tipo EPIC, para abordagens populacionais em L. purpureus, e outros teleósteos marinhos. A caracterização de regiões genômicas com polimorfismo suficiente para análises populacionais torna-se fundamental para estudos genéticos com múltiplas regiões não ligadas. Foram obtidos oito iniciadores, boa parte deles possuindo altos níveis de variação genética. Iniciadores EPIC possuem a vantagem de serem aplicáveis em um vasto nível taxonômico, assim estes iniciadores foram testados e amplificados em organismos de outros agrupamentos taxonômicos, portanto um indicativo de que podem ser usuais em abordagens intraespecíficas para vários grupos de peixes marinhos. O segundo objetivo principal foi avaliar questões sobre diversidade genética, demografia e conectividade genética histórica para L. purpureus, utilizando múltiplos loci (DNA mitocondrial e nuclear). Encontrou-se elevados índices de diversidade genética, provavelmente correlacionados a um elevado tamanho efetivo apresentado pela espécie. O pargo, aparentemente, demonstra elevados níveis de homogeneidade genética ao longo da região estudada, o que é coerente com traços biológicos da espécie tais como desova em mar aberto e desenvolvimento pelágico. Em relação a aspectos da demografia histórica, é apresentado um cenário de crescimento populacional, cujo início é datado de aproximadamente 170 mil anos, sendo esse período congruente com um período de máxima glacial para a região do Atlântico ocidental.
Marine organisms with wide distribution are excellent models for the understanding of historical genetic connectivity patterns. Lutjanus purpureus, or Caribbean snapper, as the species is popularly known, is a marine Teleost belonging to the Family Lutjanidae. The species distribution is from Cuba to the Northeast of Brazil, being often found on rocky and sandy bottoms. It has high economic importance, however there are few studies available on the genetic architecture of the species. Of major goals of this study, the first deals with the development and characterization of the EPIC primers, for population approaches in L. purpureus, and others marine teleosts. The characterization of genomic regions with sufficient polymorphism to population analysis is fundamental for genetic studies with multiple unlinked regions. Were obtained eight primers, and the majority has high levels of genetic variation. EPIC primers have the advantage of being applicable on a wide taxonomic level, thereby these primers were tested and amplified in other taxonomic groups of organisms, so that an indication can be useful in various approaches to intraspecific groups of marine fish. The second main objective was to evaluate issues of genetic diversity, demographics and historical genetic connectivity for L. purpureus using multiple loci (mitochondrial and nuclear DNA). It was found high levels of genetic diversity, probably related to a high effective size presented by species. The Caribbean snapper apparently shows high levels of genetic homogeneity along of the study area, which is consistent with biological traits of species such as spawning in offshore and larval pelagic development. In relation to aspects of historical demography, a population growth scenario is presented, whose beginning is dated about 170,000 years, this period being congruent with a period of glacial maximum to the region of the western Atlantic.

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Kessler, Kevin Wayne. « "We are the pride!" : a history of the South Dakota State University marching band from 1886 to 2015 ». Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/5956.

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Evidence of bands at South Dakota State University can be found as early as 1886, only the second year of classes at the Land-Grant institution. From this grew what is known today as the “Pride of the Dakotas Marching Band.” The band was led by six different men over the first twenty-one years of its existence. A highlight of these early years was a trip to the 1904 World’s Fair in St. Louis, Missouri, under the direction of John Parmalee Mann. His successor, Francis J. Haynes, penned the music to the school’s alma mater, the Yellow and the Blue. In 1911, Carl “Christy” Christensen became Director of Bands, and did not relinquish the title for forty-three years. The highlight of “Christy’s” illustrious career was a trip to Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada in 1939, in which the band performed for King George VI and Queen Consort Elizabeth. The band has carried on a rich tradition of high-profile performances. In 1962, the band, under the direction of Dr. Warren Hatfield, began a relationship with the National Football League’s Minnesota Vikings. For over twenty years, the band performed at their games, and many of these performances were broadcast to a national television audience. Under the leadership of John Colson and Gene Pollart, the band continued to grow and become known for their high-energy, entertaining, and skillful performances. Because of this reputation, the band, under the direction of Dr. Darwin Walker, earned an invitation to the 1981 Inaugural Parade of President Ronald Reagan. James McKinney led the band to the 1997 Inaugural Parade of President William Clinton, the 2000 Fourth of July Parade in Washington, D.C., and the 2003 and 2008 Tournament of Rose Parades. Since McKinney’s retirement, Eric Peterson, James Coull, and Kevin Kessler have each served as the director of the Pride. This document chronicles the history of the band from its origins to 2015.

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MORAES, Felipe Tavares de. « A educação no primeiro governo de Lauro Sodré (1886-1897) : os sentidos de uma concepção político-educacional republicana ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2011. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/2761.

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FAPESPA - Fundação Amazônia de Amparo a Estudos e Pesquisas
Este trabalho tem por tema a História da Educação e apresenta como objeto de pesquisa a concepção político-educacional que orientou as reformas educacionais do primeiro governo de Lauro Sodré (1891-1897). O seu objetivo é analisar os sentidos que essa concepção político-educacional assumiu na orientação daquelas reformas educacionais – tendo em vista que essa concepção é formulada originalmente no Governo Provisório (1889-1891), presidido por Justo Chermont, anterior ao de Lauro Sodré. Problematizam-se os objetivos e as finalidades que a concepção político-educac cional construída no Governo Provisório (1889-1891) assume nas reformas citadas, ou seja, quais os sentidos, políticos e educacionais, que essa concepção terá na direção dessas reformas educacionais do primeiro governo de Lauro Sodré (1891-1897). Como metodologia, a pesquisa documental, com utilização de fontes primárias (documentos) e secundárias (historiografia), e a sua articulação com aporte teórico. Assim, apontemos o corpus documental utilizado. Ele foi divido em três categorias: documentos impressos oficiais, jornal e obras impressas. Entre os documentos impressos oficiais: os Relatórios e Mensagens de Presidente de Província de 1886 a 1889 e do Governador do Estado (Lauro Sodré) ao Congresso do Estado do Pará, no período de 1891-1897. O jornal: A República entre 1886-1897. E por fim, as obras impressas: obras de Lauro Sodré, como Crenças e opiniões (1997) e Palavras e actos (1896). Para tal esforço, utilizamos como aporte teórico para a leitura do objeto aqui proposto: o conceito de intelectual orgânico de Antonio Gramsci (1989; 2001); discurso de acordo com Mikhail Bakhtin (1979); campo educacional nas formulações de Pierre Bourdieu (1982; 2003; 2008) e representação segundo Roger Chartier (1990; 1991). Constatou-se que a concepção político-educacional investigada tem suas origens nas proposições e críticas dos republicanos à política e à educação no Império. Essas proposições são efetivadas na reforma do ensino primário do Governo Provisório, como finalidade educacional, e a formação de cidadãos regenerados e comprometidos com o regime republicano recém proclamado, a partir da infância, como objetivo político. Nas reformas operadas no primeiro governo de Lauro Sodré, a preocupação é com a educação secundária e profissional, além da formação de cidadãos junto aos trabalhadores paraenses. Dessa forma, concluímos que essa concepção político-educacional procura legitimar o regime republicano nos seus primeiros momentos e no tempo de sua consolidação, buscando, por meio da educação, objetivar os seus intentos políticos.
This work has the theme History of Education and has as its object of research to design educational policy-oriented educational reforms of the first government of Lauro Sodré (1891-1897). Its goal is to analyze the meanings that this concept has assumed in political and educational leadership by those educational reforms - a view that this conception is formulated originally in the Provisional Government (1889-1891), chaired by Justo Chermont, prior to Lauro Sodré. It problematizes the goals and objectives that the design constructed in the politico-educational Provisional Government (1889-1891) takes the reforms mentioned above, ie, what the senses, political and educational, this conception will toward these educational reforms of the first government Lauro Sodré (1891-1897). As a methodology, research documents, using primary sources (documents) and secondary (history), and its articulation with the theoretical. So point the documentary corpus used. It was divided into three categories: official printed documents, newspaper and printed works. Among the official printed documents: Reports and Messages from the President of the Province from 1886 to 1889 and Governor of the State (Lauro Sodré) to Congress on the State of Pará, in the period 1891-1897. The Journal: The Republic between 1886-1897. And finally, the printed works: works of Lauro Sodré, as beliefs and opinions (1997) and Words and acts (1896). For this effort, we used as a theoretical object for reading the proposed here: the concept of organic intellectual Antonio Gramsci (1989, 2001); speech according to Mikhail Bakhtin (1979); educational field in the formulations of Pierre Bourdieu (1982;2003, 2008) and representation according to Roger Chartier (1990, 1991). It was found that the design political-educational investigation has its origins in proposals and criticisms of Republican policy and education in the Empire. These propositions are effective in reforming the primary education of the Provisional Government, the purpose of education, and training of citizens committed to regenerate and the newly proclaimed republican regime, from childhood, as political purpose. In the reforms of government operated in the first Lauro Sodré, the concern is with secondary education and vocational training as well as citizens with workers Para. Thus, we conclude that this political conception of education seeks to legitimize the republican regime in its early stages and the time of its consolidation, seeking, through education, targeting their political intentions.

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SABINO, Elianne Barreto. « Assistência e a educação de meninas desvalidas no Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo na Província do Grão-Pará (1860 -1889) ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/9332.

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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A presente pesquisa visa resgatar a história social e educacional do Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo, instituição pública que atendia crianças pobres na Província do Grão Pará, no período de 1860 a 1889. Criada para instruir, abrigar e educar as meninas pobres, a referida instituição foi pensada a partir de uma política de higienizar e de estabelecer ordem na Província do Grão-Pará, pois muitas crianças dormiam e viviam nas ruas, nos becos e em cortiços. Deste modo, as questões que norteiam esse estudo são: Que significado a instituição Nossa Senhora do Amparo teve para a sociedade paraense nesse período de 1860-1889? Que propósito educacional, político e social se tinha com a manutenção do Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? Que concepção de infância desvalida encontra-se presente nos documentos do Colégio de Nossa Senhora do Amparo? Que atividades educativas foram implementadas no Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? Para tentarmos responder tais questionamentos o objetivo principal deste estudo é compreender a instrução dada no Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo para as crianças desvalidas na província do Grão-Pará entre os anos 1860 a 1889. Portanto, a partir desse objetivo maior pretendemos: 1- compreender o significado da instrução para as crianças desvalidas na província do Grão-Pará entre os anos 1860 a 1890, no Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo para sociedade paraense; 2- verificar a concepção de infância desvalida nos documentos do Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo; 3- analisar as atividades educativas implementadas no Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo nas instruções para as crianças desvalidas. O corpus da pesquisa abrange aproximadamente seiscentos e sessenta documentos que foram levantados no Arquivo Público do Pará e na Biblioteca Pública Arthur Vianna (CENTUR), dos quais selecionamos, por hora, os documentos que se referem ao Estatuto de 1868, ao Regimento Interno de 1869, relatórios da provedoria do Colégio, pedido de admissão e desligamento do colégio das meninas e outros. A análise dar-se-á à luz da história Cultural teorizada por Chartier, que entende como práticas culturais não apenas a produção de um texto, ou uma modalidade de ensino, mas também os modos como, em uma dada sociedade, os homens vivem, comem, vestem, falam e calam-se. Os dados revelam que o referido colégio foi criando como medida provincial para higienizar a cidade e evitar que as meninas desvalidas ficassem vadiando pela ruas e assim fosse possível dar a elas uma formação primária com atividades de leitura, escrita, caligrafia, aritmética e gramática, além de orientações morais e religiosas. Havia, ainda, uma educação doméstica para que as meninas desvalidas quando saíssem do Amparo pudessem arranjar um “bom” casamento. Constatamos também que o colégio aplicava um modelo pedagógico rígido com punições severas.
This research aims to rescue the social and educational history of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo, a public institution that cared for children in the poor province of Grão- Pará, in the period 1860 to 1889. Created to educate, house and educate poor girls, that institution was founded on a politics of sanitization and establish order in the province of Pará, because many children lived and slept in the streets, alleys and slums. Thus, the questions that guide this study are: What significance the institution Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo was to society in Pará period 1860-1889? What educational purpose, political and social had with the maintenance of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? What conception of childhood helplessness is present in the documents of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? What educational activities have been implemented in the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo? To try to answer these questions the main objective of this study is to understand the instruction given in the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo for the helpless children in the province of Grão-Pará between the years 1860 to 1889. Therefore, from this main objective we will: (1) understand the significance of education for underprivileged children in the province of Grão-Pará between the years 1850 to 1889, the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparosociety to Pará, (2) verifying the conception of childhood helplessness in the documents of the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo, (3) examine the educational activities implemented at the Colégio Nossa Senhora do Amparo in the instructions for underprivileged children. The corpus of the research covers approximately six hundred and sixty documents that were raised in the Arquivo Público de Belém and the Biblioteca Pública Arthur Vianna (CENTUR), from which we selected, for hours, the documents refer to the Statute of 1868, the Internal Rules, 1869, reports from the ombudsman's College, an application for admission and resignation of the college girls and others. The analysis will give the light of history Cultural theorized by Chartier, who understands how cultural practices not only produce a text, or a mode of teaching, but also the ways in a society, how men live, eat, dress, talk and keep silent. The data reveal that this college was creating as provincial as to sanitize the city and prevent the girls hanging around the streets stay helpless and so it was possible to give them a primary training activities with reading, writing, calligraphy, arithmetic and grammar, and moral and religious guidance. There was also a domestic education for underprivileged girls when they leave the Amparo could get a "good" marriage. We also note that the college operated a pedagogical model disk with severe punishment.

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AQUINO, Gabriel Eleres de. « A amizade nas cartas a Lucílio de Sêneca ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2016. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/20112.

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AQUINO, Gabriel Eleres de. A amizade nas cartas a Lucílio de Sêneca. 2016. 81f. - Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia, Fortaleza (CE), 2016.
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If the term "philosophy" in its etymological sense means love for philosophy, that love manifests itself as friendship and this will be one of the most expensive to old themes. This dissertation, following the methodology of reading and analyzing texts, initially invites the reader to retrace the route of the notion of philia/amicitia in the Greco-Roman world in which its foundations were laid and discussed in memorable pages ranging from the fragments of Empedocles of Agrigentum, through the platonic dialogues as Lysis, the Symposium and Phaedrus, the books VIII and IX of the Nicomachean Ethics of Aristotle, Epicurus the letters and dialogue On friendship of Cicero, the last one latter in Republican Rome. However, the pages especially dedicated this monograph are directed to reflection that Seneca, in imperial Rome, gives the friendship in some of the Moral letters to Lucilius, enjoying the philosophical idleness that the adverse political situation in neroniano principality has imposed. Through letters, simple and straightforward textual form to send teaching the young Lucilio, and why not tell us, Seneca rethinks human relationships beyond the usual forms of patronage and clientelism so present in the life of patricians and plebeians of their time and proposes a higher sense of friendship, in the sense that this is reciprocal, caring and unselfish, fundamental component of the happy life and essential part of his practical philosophy. The following results were obtained: the realization that Seneca did not understand Epicurus in relation to friendship, that your way of thinking the Sage is more human than occurred before it, because it presents a sage who feel like having friends and takes pleasure in have friends and your choice in dealing with friendship through letters is made to think that this is the best way to address them.
Se o termo “filosofia”, em seu sentido etimológico significa amor à filosofia, tal amor se manifesta como amizade e este será um dos temas mais caros aos antigos. Esta dissertação,seguindo a metodologia de leitura e análise de textos, convida inicialmente o leitor a refazer o percurso da noção de philia/amicitia no mundo greco-romano no qual seus fundamentos foram lançados e discutidos em páginas memoráveis que vão desde os fragmentos de Empédocles de Agrigento, passando pelos diálogos platônicos como o Líside, o Banquete e o Fedro, pelos livros VIII e IX da Ética a Nicômaco de Aristóteles, pelas Cartas de Epicuro e pelo diálogo Sobre a amizade de Cícero, este último na Roma republicana. Todavia, as páginas especialmente dedicadas deste trabalho monográfico são dirigidas à reflexão que Sêneca, na Roma imperial, confere à amizade em algumas das Cartas à Lucílio, desfrutando do ócio filosófico que a situação política adversa no principado neroniano lhe impôs. Através de cartas,forma textual simples e direta de enviar ensinamentos ao jovem Lucílio, e por que não dizer também a nós, Sêneca repensa as relações humanas além das usuais formas de fisiologismo e clientelismo tão presentes na vida de patrícios e plebeus de seu tempo e propõe um sentido mais elevado da amizade, no sentido de que esta seja recíproca, solidária e desinteressada, componente fundamental da vida feliz e parte essencial de sua filosofia prática. Foram obtidos os seguintes resultados: a constatação de que Sêneca não entendeu Epicuro em relação a amizade, que a sua forma de pensar o Sábio é mais humana do que ocorria antes dele, pois apresenta um sábio que sente vontade de ter amigos e sente prazer em ter amigos e a sua escolha em tratar da amizade por meio de epístolas é feita por pensar que esse é o melhor modo de abordá-las.

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MENDONÇA, Marina Barreira. « Sistemática das espécies de cascudos “acari-cachimbo” do gênero Hemiodontichthys bleeker, 1862 (Siluriformes : Loricariidae) com a descrição de quatro espécies novas ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/3481.

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A revisão taxonômica do gênero Hemiodontichthys Bleeker, 1862, resultou no reconhecimento de cinco espécies válidas, incluindo quatro espécies novas. Uma nova diagnose para o gênero é proposta, Hemiodontichthys acipenserinus é redescrita, uma chave de identificação é apresentada, assim como um mapa com a distribuição para o gênero. Hemiodontichthys sp. “Coari” ocorre na bacia do rio Urucu, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Tocantins” na drenagem do Tocantins, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Peru1” nos rios Madre de Dios, Ucayali e Nanay, no Peru, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Peru2” tendo como localidade, imprecisa, Iquitos, e a espécie tipo H. acipenserinus, ocorrendo no rio Guaporé, Madeira e no médio e baixo Amazonas. Comentários sobre o monofiletismo de Hemiodonthichthys são apresentados.
The taxonomic revision of the genus Hemiodontichthys Bleeker, 1862 resulted in the recognition of five valid species, including four new species. A new diagnosis for the genus is provided, H. acipenserinus is redescribed, an identification key is included, and a distribution map for the genus is provided. Hemiodontichthys sp. “Coari” occurs in the Urucu basin, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Tocantins” in the Tocantins drainages, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Peru1” in the Madre de Dios , Ucayali and Nanay rivers, on Peru, Hemiodontichthys sp. “Peru2” has an inaccurate location on Iquitos, and the type-species H. acipenserinus, occurs on Guaporé river, Madeira river, and in the middle and lower Amazon river. Comments about the monophyly of Hemiodonthichthys are presented.

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Gibrowski, Cristina. « A trajetória de um monumento na paisagem urbana de Porto Alegre (1866-2013) : de Chafariz Imperador para Afluentes do Guaíba ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/116037.

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Este estudo identifica os fatores relacionados aos deslocamentos espaciais do Chafariz Imperador. Trata-se de um monumento instalado no final de 1866 e início de 1867, na Praça da Matriz em Porto Alegre (RS), pela Companhia Hidráulica Porto Alegrense, em virtude da comemoração do início do fornecimento de água potável aos cidadãos da Capital. Atualmente, algumas peças que restaram dele encontram-se na Praça Dom Sebastião, localizada no centro da cidade. A reconstrução da trajetória histórica do monumento entre o período de 1866-2013 deu-se a partir de uma pesquisa documental de caráter qualitativo nos seguintes locais: Arquivo Histórico de Porto Alegre Moysés Vellinho, Arquivo Histórico do Rio Grande do Sul, Museu da Comunicação Hipólito José da Costa, Museu Joaquim José Felizardo. Além desses, nos acervos digitais da Fundação Biblioteca Nacional e Center Research for Libraries. Ao final deste estudo, identifiquei que as relações entre os deslocamentos espaciais do Chafariz Imperador e as transformações da paisagem urbana de Porto Alegre, estão associadas à Cultura Política dos grupos detentores do poder. Verifiquei que apenas, mais recentemente, as decisões quanto à localização e à preservação do monumento passam a ser tratadas por agentes públicos especializados que se ocupam do Patrimônio Cultural da cidade.
This study identifies factors related to geographical displacements of the Emperor Fountain. It is a monument installed in the late 1866 and in the beginning of 1867, in Matriz square in Porto Alegre (RS), the Porto Alegrense Hydraulic Company due to the celebration of the start of the drinking water supply to Porto Alegre´s citizens. Nowadays, some remaining parts of the fountain are located in Dom Sebastião square, in the city´s downtown. The rebuilding of the historical trajectory of the monument between the periods of 1866-2013 took place from a documental research of qualitative focus in the following places: Vellinho Moyses Historical Archive of Porto Alegre, Historical Archive of Rio Grande do Sul state, Hippolytus José da Costa Museum of Communication, Joaquim José Felizardo Museum. In addition to these places, in the digital collections of the National Library Foundation and in the Center Research for Libraries. At the end of this study, I identified relationships between spatial displacements of the Emperor Fountain and the changes of Porto Alegre´s urban landscape, which are connected to the Political Culture of the most powerful and influent groups of the city. I also noticed that only recently, the decisions regarding the location and preservation of the monument began to be treated by specialized public officials dealing with the city´s cultural heritage.

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LOBATO, Denise Araújo. « Prosas de Júlia Lopes de Almeida em jornais paraenses oitocentistas : entre a temática moralizante e a palavra libertadora ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2016. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/8115.

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Dans la situation des actuelles études littéraires, cette thèse vise à la recherche du mouvement et de l’auteur Júlia Lopes de Almeida dans les journaux A Província do Pará (1890) et Diário de Notícias (1885-1895), à travers ses textes de fiction publiés dans ces journaux. L'objectif de cette étude est d'analyser ces écrits à partir du Livro das Noivas (1896), compendium de l’auteur, contenu moralisateur chronique, alors nous allons trouver la présence de ce thème dans les récits publiés dans la Belém du XIX siècle. À cette fin, nous avons choisi de suivre deux fronts de travail d'investigation. La première qui a cherché à analyser la composition textuelle de récits, et la seconde, qui a fusionné au premier abord, de l'analyse thématique, qui a permis une cartographie des sujets appréciés par les lecteurs paraenses de ce moment historique. Em outre, pour donner tout le travail, nous proposons de donner la priorité à la tâche de recherche des textes littéraires choisis, historiographer la vie littéraire de Julia Lopes, qui marchait pari passu avec votre vie personnelle, qui nous a permis d'introduire des thèmes dominants de sa écriture, étroitement liée à son idéologie et le statut social. Cela a été possible grâce à la critique formulée à l'époque qui a produit et des documents universitaires récents. Suite à ce stade, nous entrons dans les mailles de texte du Livro das Noivas (1896), de démontrer dans sa chaîne, la valeur instructive et moralisateur intrinsèque qui lui est propre, ce qui était notre base pour la phase d'analyse des textes transmis dans les nouvelles A Província do Pará (1890) et Diário de Notícias (1885 au 1895), qui circulait à Belém dans le XIX e siècle.
Na conjuntura dos Estudos Literários atuais, esta dissertação busca pesquisar a circulação da escritora Júlia Lopes de Almeida nos jornais A Província do Pará (1890) e Diário de Notícias (1885-1895), por meio de textos ficcionais seus publicados nos referidos periódicos. O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar tais escritos à luz do Livro das Noivas (1896), compêndio da literata que reúne crônicas de conteúdo moralizante, para então comprovarmos a presença desta temática nas narrativas publicadas na Belém oitocentista. Para tanto, optamos por seguir duas frentes de trabalho investigativas. A primeira que visou analisar a composição textual das narrativas, e a segunda, que se amalgamou à primeira, de análise temática, o que possibilitou um mapeamento dos temas apreciados pelos leitores paraenses daquele momento histórico. Ademais, para dar totalidade ao trabalho, propomo-nos, prioritariamente à tarefa de investigação dos textos literários selecionados, historiografar a vida literária de Júlia Lopes, a qual caminhou pari passo com a sua vida pessoal, o que nos possibilitou apresentar temáticas proeminentes de sua escrita, estreitamente atreladas à sua ideologia e condição social. Isto foi possível graças à crítica feita no tempo em que produziu e aos trabalhos acadêmicos recentes. Posteriormente a essa fase, adentramos nas malhas textuais do Livro das Noivas (1896), para comprovar, na sua urdidura, o intrínseco valor instrutivo e moralizante que lhe é peculiar, o que foi nossa base para a fase de análise dos textos veiculados nos noticiosos A Província do Pará (1890) e Diário de Notícias (1885-1895), que circularam na Belém do século XIX.

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RODRIGUES, Silvio Ferreira. « Todos os caminhos partem de Roma : arte italiana e romanização entre o império e a república em Belém do Pará (1867-1892) ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2015. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/7229.

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CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
Esta tese parte da análise da grande reforma na decoração da Catedral da Sé de Belém do Pará, entre os anos de 1867 e 1892, sob o bispado de Dom Antônio de Macedo Costa, para discutir a forte relação com a política cultural ultramontana e romanizadora gestada pela Cúria Romana e destinada a se propagar pelo mundo em resposta à secularização da sociedade. Se o catolicismo observa o modelo centrado na cidade eterna, a decoração dos edifícios eclesiásticos se inspira nos seus mais famosos templos. Na segunda metade do século XIX, Roma desempenha o papel de capital universal da cristandade e das artes sacras. Inspirado no ambicioso programa iconográfico do pontífice Pio IX, o bispo adotará os temas sacros por ele definido. A mensagem era clara. Depurar o culto e as artes seria parte do amplo processo de reforma do clero e da cultura católica pelo mundo. Diante da perda de espaço na sociedade devido aos movimentos de secularização, a Cúria romana imprimiu um grande esforço para manter intacto o papel de única autoridade moral e religiosa. O efeito dessa política foi o posicionamento de Igreja e Estado em campos opostos. No Brasil, o clero ultramontano se defrontou com as autoridades civis e seculares. Em meio a isso, a Catedral de Belém apresentou um ciclo decorativo conectado com o projeto romanizador de Dom Macedo Costa. Em consequência, a Amazônia estreitou os laços com a cultura italiana, atualizando o ambiente artístico regional dentro de frutífero diálogo com os movimentos estéticos internacionais. Uma arte renovada se produziu, é verdade, mas a serviço da religião romanizada.
This thesis is an analysis of the major reform in the decoration of the Belém of Pará See Cathedral that happened between the years 1867 and 1892, during the bishopric of Don Antônio de Macedo Costa. The purpose is to discuss the strong relationship between the ultramontane and romanizing cultural policy that was managed by the Roman Curia, and which was ultimately destined to propagate itself through the whole world in response to the secularization of society. If Catholicism observes the model centered on the eternal city, the decoration of the ecclesiastical buildings is inspired in its most famous temples. In the second half of the century XIX, Rome plays the role of the world capital of Christianity and the sacred arts. Inspired by the ambitious iconographic program of Pope Pius X, the bishop would adopt the sacred themes defined by him. The message was clear. Purify worship and the arts would be part of the broader reform process of the clergy, and Catholic culture throughout the world. Faced with the loss of influence in society due to secularization movements, the Roman Curia made a great effort to keep intact its role as the sole moral and religious authority. The effect of this policy was the placement of Church and State in opposing camps. In Brasil, the ultramontane clergy often faced against civil and secular authorities. Through this all, the Belém Cathedral presented a decorative cycle connected with the romanizing project of Dom Macedo Costa. As a result, Amazonia closened its ties with Italian culture, updating the regional art scene in fruitiful dialogue with the international aesthetic movements. A renewed art was produced- this is true- but it was in the service of Romanized religion.

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Guarnieri, Maria Cristina Mariante. « Angústia e conhecimento : uma reflexão a partir dos pensadores religiosos Franz Rosenzweig, Sören Aabye Kierkegaard, e Qohélet ». Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/2016.

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This thesis studies angst as a religious philosophical concept beside the importance of the religious thinker as a comprehension method for religion. Regarding this, it takes as object the religious thinkers Franz Rosenzweig, Sören A. Kierkegaard and the wise man Qohelet, of the Old Testament, whose reflections indicate the presence of angst. The hypothesis that guides this work is that, in these thinkers, this presence, due to the relationship with the transcendent, manifests itself as conceptual tension which produces knowledge. In view of this hypothesis, the intention is to discuss the possibility of building knowledge from religion itself. Angst, then, is the affection that, in these authors, indicates a tension between immanence and transcendence, realizing the human finitude and the infinite possibility, the absolute lack of meaning and the establishment of a multiplicity of meanings. It is a productive agony that serves as hard task in the search for knowledge. Giving priority to the subjectivity and the concreteness of the existence, the authors here worked make an effort to understand the human being, unique is his or her suffering. The angst as key for thinking about the human condition is born from the perception of its own aporia, discovery starting from the first inquiry about the meaning of life
Essa tese estuda a angústia como conceito filosófico religioso ao lado da importância do pensador religioso como método de compreensão da religião. Para isso, toma como objeto os pensadores religiosos Franz Rosenzweig, Sören A. Kierkegaard e o sábio Qohelet, do Antigo Testamento, cujas reflexões indicam a presença da angústia. A hipótese que norteia este trabalho é que, nesses pensadores, esta presença, devido à relação com o transcendente, manifesta-se como tensão conceitual produtora de conhecimento. Face a essa hipótese, a intenção é discutir a possibilidade de construção do conhecimento a partir da própria religião. A angústia, então, é o afeto que, nestes autores, indica uma tensão entre a imanência e transcendência, entre a constatação da finitude humana e a possibilidade infinita, entre a falta de sentido absoluta e a constatação da multiplicidade de sentidos. Uma agonia produtiva que serve de árdua tarefa na busca do conhecimento. Priorizando a subjetividade e a concretude da existência, os autores aqui trabalhados se esforçam para compreender o humano que é único em seu sofrimento. A angústia como chave de pensamento sobre a condição humana nasce da percepção da própria aporia, descoberta a partir da indagação primeira sobre o sentido da vida

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Timmermans, Benoît. « Les origines romantiques de la pensée abstraite : histoire et enjeux de l'algèbre moderne ». Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210698.

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CASTRO, Raimundo Nonato de. « Sobre o brilhante efeito : história e narrativa visual na Amazônia em Antônio Parreiras (1905 – 1908) ». Universidade Federal do Pará, 2012. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/4594.

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A tela A Conquista do Amazonas de Antônio Parreiras procura representar o domínio lusitano sobre os povos amazônicos, demonstrando a soberania do branco, fato este essencial para o início da república brasileira. Neste caso, o quadro é uma tentativa de reviver as grandes conquistas lusitanas, utilizando-se de uma analogia, como se a implantação Republicana ganhasse uma dimensão grandiosa, característica das conquistas europeias do período colonial. Portanto, ter um fato passado, capaz de gerar uma unidade, era considerado essencial à formação de uma nação. Sendo caracterizada como um princípio espiritual; considerada sagrada e baseada em um passado heroico. Neste caso, a nação era uma solidariedade em larga escala, constituída da percepção dos sacrifícios feitos no passado. O artista desempenhou um papel fundamental, buscando as origens da existência da nação, imaginando-a, de modo a apresentá-la aos cidadãos, confrontando-os, mesmo nos locais mais distantes da nação.
The screen A Conquista do Amazonas by Antônio Parreiras seeks to represent the Lusitanian dominion over Amazonian people, demonstrating the sovereignty of white people, a fact essential for the initiation of the Brazilian Republic. In this case, the picture is an attempt to revive the great Lusitanian achievements, using an analogy, as if the Republican establishment gains grand scales, characteristic of European conquests of the colonial period. Therefore, having a last fact, capable of generating a unity, it was considered essential to the formation of a nation. Being characterized as a spiritual principle, considered sacred and based on a heroic past. In this case, the nation was a large-scale solidarity, constituted of the perception of the sacrifices made in the past. The artist played a key role in seeking the origins of the existence of the nation, imagining it, so, to present it to the citizens, confronting them, even in the most distant locals of the nation.

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Dussault, Roy. « Défense des intérêts des Canadiens français et unité de la Confédération canadienne : la pensée nationaliste de Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau, 1840-1898 ». Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30188.

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Le contexte de la Confédération canadienne constitue une fenêtre remarquable afin d’observer l’évolution du nationalisme au Québec à travers le XIXe siècle. C’est dans ce contexte que s’articule la pensée politique de Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau. Influencé par les idées de Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine et de George-Étienne Cartier, le jeune politicien est séduit par l’idée d’une nouvelle nation politique réunissant les deux peuples fondateurs formant alors le Canada. La pensée nationaliste de Chapleau se caractérise alors par un double idéal, soit celui de défendre les intérêts des Canadiens français tout en préservant l’unité de la Confédération canadienne. Au moment de la Grande Dépression de 1873, le politicien parvient à adapter sa pensée en regard du contexte économique difficile et domine ses adversaires, particulièrement les Castors : ce groupe de Conservateurs ultramontains dissidents des politiques de Chapleau. Ces derniers l’accusent de s’être allié aux Libéraux. Une fois sur la scène fédérale, Chapleau espère réaffirmer l’alliance entre les deux principales nations au Canada, mais se retrouve confronté à l’Affaire Riel qui ébranle le pays en entier. À partir de ce moment, la pensée politique de l’homme ne se retrouve plus en phase avec le contexte dans lequel il se trouve, ce qui motive ses nombreuses défaites personnelles dans les années qui suivent. La réalisation de son projet politique s’avère ainsi inachevée à la fin de sa vie.
The context of the Canadian Confederation is a remarkable window to observe the evolution of nationalism in Quebec through the XIXth century. It is in this context that the political thought of Joseph-Adolphe Chapleau is articulated. Influenced by the ideas of Louis-Hippolyte LaFontaine and George-Étienne Cartier, the young politician is seduced by the idea of a new political nation bringing together the two founding peoples of Canada. Chapleau's nationalist thought was characterized by a dual ideal: to defend the interests of French Canadians while preserving the unity of Canadian Confederation. At the time of the Great Depression of 1873, the politician manages to adapt his thinking to the difficult economic context and triumphs over his opponents, particularly the Castors, this group of ultramontane Conservatives dissidents of Chapleau's policies that they accuse of being allied to the Liberals. Once on the federal scene, Chapleau hopes to reaffirm the alliance between the two major nations in Canada, but finds himself confronted with the Riel Affair, which is shaking the whole country. From that moment, the political thought of the man is no longer in sync with the context in which he finds himself, which explains his many personal defeats in the years that follow. The realization of his political project is thus unfinished at the end of his life.

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Capistrano, Kássia Líriam de Lima Costa. « A Regulamentação dos Empregados Domésticos no Brasil face aos Princípios da Igualdade e da Dignidade da Pessoa Humana : as perspectivas da Convenção N. 189 da OIT e da PEC 478/2010 ». Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/4403.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
The domestic workers are marked by the social segregation, which has followed them since their origin, which is, slavery. It is noticeable that the social alternatives propitiated them gradual conquer of freedom, which in order to be in effect demands promotion of substantial equality. The conjunction of the preservation of the principles of freedom and equality, understood in its integral dimensions, will result in the personal development of the individual, which will turn into the builder agent of the society to the extent in which it will acquire potentiality. Next, the development of the human being collaborates for the well being of others, desideratum of the Federal Constitution. In the elapse of the study, it will be found that the Principle of Dignity of the Human Being is operated as a matrix and as the goal of the whole Constitution. Therefore, collimating the Constitution, the dignified labor comes up as a preponderant factor, urging on the ruling of diverse supranational debates. Suggesting the necessity to guarantee the domestic workers a decent labor, tuned with the values referenced in the Human Rights, the OIT launched a proposal at the Convention N. 189 of the OIT, of matching the rights of the domestic workers to the ones already granted to other categories of workers. With the approval of this proposal, the PEC N. 478/2010 made a comeback and already follows its ordinary legislative process to the Senate. It is noted that the proposal mentioned in PEC N. 478/2010 converges with the one already listed by the Convention N 189 of OIT. The scope of this paper is to demonstrate the feasibility of access of Brazil to the alluded proposals, utilizing historic, statistical, doctrinal and legal fundamentals, especially the standards inserted inside the Magna Carta.
Os trabalhadores domésticos são marcados pela segregação social que lhes acompanha desde sua origem, qual seja, a escravidão. Percebe-se que as vicissitudes sociais propiciaram-lhes gradativa conquista de liberdade, que para ser efetivada demanda a promoção da igualdade substancial. A conjugação da preservação dos princípios da liberdade e da igualdade, compreendidos estes em suas integrais dimensões, resultará no desenvolvimento pessoal do indivíduo, que, por sua vez, torna-se agente edificador da sociedade na medida em que adquire potencialidade. Logo, o desenvolvimento da pessoa humana colabora para o bem comum, desiderato da Constituição Federal. Nesse quadro indubitavelmente deve inserir-se o trabalhador doméstico. No decorrer do estudo demonstrar-se-á que o princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana opera como matriz e finalidade de todo o texto constitucional, projetando-se como apanágio de efetividade da cidadania. O trabalho digno, por sua vez, exsurge como valor constitucional preponderante, instigando a pauta de diversos debates supranacionais. Aventando a necessidade de se garantir aos trabalhadores domésticos um labor decente, sintonizado com os valores-referências dos direitos humanos, a OIT editou a Convenção nº 189 com escopo de promover a equiparação dos direitos dos trabalhadores domésticos aos já concedidos às outras categorias trabalhistas. Na esteira da aprovação da citada Convenção nº 189, a PEC nº 478/2010 alcançou o merecido fôlego e segue a passos largos para aprovação, com trâmite legislativo ordinário já no Senado da República. O presente trabalho objetiva demonstrar amiúde a viabilidade de adesão do Brasil àquela norma convencional e a utilidade socioeconômica que a aprovação da PEC nº 478/2010 proporcionará no contexto da evolução da cidadania dos trabalhadores domésticos. Fundamentos históricos, estatísticos, doutrinários, constitucionais, legais e mesmo filosóficos são alçados para revelar a viabilidade das concepções que se lastreiam nesse particular.

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Costa, Mariana Donner da. « A intertextualidade na comédia : a presença de Plauto em Molière e Suassuna ». reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/32839.

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Este trabalho tem como tema a relação intertextual entre peças teatrais de Plauto, Molière e Suassuna estabelecida a partir da recorrência de temas e de caracteres desenvolvidos pelo comediógrafo romano na composição da comédia clássica. Para a contextualização das comédias na história e na literatura, foi abordada a questão do riso e do cômico ao longo dos séculos, bem como a relevância e a originalidade de cada um dos autores no panorama teatral. Como objeto de análise comparativa, foram tomadas as peças A Aululária, de Plauto; O Avarento, de Molière; e O Santo e a Porca, de Ariano Suassuna. A proposta deste estudo é mostrar como temas e personagens elaborados por Plauto foram relidos, transformados e integrados à obra de Molière e, posteriormente, à de Suassuna. No confronto entre as obras foi considerada a inovação e a reutilização de efeitos cômicos empregados pelos autores, de acordo com as teorias sobre a comicidade de Bergson e de Propp. A intertextualidade foi o conceito-chave para a análise de aspectos pontuais recorrentes entre as peças, em especial o personagem do avarento.
The present work discusses intertextual relations between theater plays by Plauto, Molière and Ariano Suassuna starting from recurrent themes and characters developed by the classical Roman comediographer. In order to place comedies in a proper historical and literary context, the development of laughter and the comic throughout the centuries as well as relevant and original traits contributed by each of the three playwrights have been analysed. The plays Aulularia (The Pot of Gold) by Plauto, O Avarento (The Miser) by Molière, and O Santo e a Porca (The Saint and the Sow) by Ariano Suassuna were compared in order to show how themes and characters created by Plauto were re-read, transformed and assimilated by Molière and later on by Suassuna. Concepts such as innovation and reworking of comic effects employed by the authors were analysed according to Bergson’s and Propp’s theory of the comic. Intertextuality was as a key concept in the analysis of these recurrent theatrical aspects – in particular the character of the Miser.

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Dutra, Luma Poletti. « Direito à informação em pauta : os usos da lei de acesso por jornalistas ». reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/2015.02.D.17909.

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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Comunicação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Comunicação, 2015.
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Esta dissertação aborda a utilização da Lei de Acesso à Informação (Lei 12.527/2011) por jornalistas como ferramenta de trabalho. Assim, foi realizado um mapeamento das matérias publicadas nas versões impressas dos jornais Folha de São Paulo, O Estado de São Paulo e O Globo que mencionaram a LAI durante o seu primeiro ano de vigência, de maio de 2012 a maio de 2013. As análises dos textos permitem observar algumas preferências em relação à forma, e conteúdos abordados, como o foco do noticiário no Executivo Federal, a coincidência de períodos com maior volume de publicações e as similaridades dos temas das matérias. Após a análise de conteúdo deste material foram realizadas entrevistas com 15 jornalistas que, na amostra de textos selecionados, se destacaram na cobertura do tema de direito de acesso a informação pública. As entrevistas revelaram quais eram as expectativas da categoria em relação à Lei, e como ela tem sido utilizada no dia a dia das redações como ferramenta de trabalho. Os profissionais relatam que devido aos prazos previstos pela Lei para o atendimento de pedidos de informação, costumam utilizá-la na produção de matérias densas, que demandam um tempo de elaboração maior, ou quando buscam uma informação delicada que não conseguem obter via assessoria de imprensa. O embasamento teórico dessa discussão se funda nos conceitos de direito de acesso à informação pública, accountability, políticas de acesso à informação pública e na teoria do newsmaking. Conclui-se que a LAI não alterou de modo substancial as rotinas produtivas nas redações, porém, produziu mudanças pontuais especialmente no relacionamento com algumas assessorias de comunicação de órgãos públicos.
This dissertation examines the use of the Access to Information Act (Law 12.527/2011) by journalists as a labour tool. It was carried out a mapping of the news published in the printed newspapers Folha de São Paulo, O Estado de São Paulo e O Globo mentioning the Law during its first year of enforcement, from May 2012 to May 2013. The analysis of the news allow us to observe some preferences as to the form and content, such as the focus in the Executive, the coincidence of the months with the highest volume of publications and the similarities of the topics of news. After a content analysis of the news, interviews were conducted with 15 journalist that, according to the sample of papers, stood out in the cover of the right of access to public information. Interviews showed what were the expectations of the professionals about the Law, and how it has been used as a tool in daily newsrooms. The journalists reported that because of the time limits provided by law to comply with requests for information, they use it especially in the production of heavy news, which demands more preparation time, or when they seek delicate information that they can’t get through press office. The theoretical references of this discussion is based on the concepts of right of access to public information, accountability, access to public information policies and newsmaking theory. We conclude that the Access to Information Act didn’t changed substantially the routines in newsrooms, however, it produced specific changes especially in the relationship with press offices.

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Guttke, Matthias. « Wem gehört die Krim ? : Putins Rechtfertigung der Krim-Annexion ». De Gruyter, 2015. https://tud.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A38608.

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Given the doubtfulness of the legal justification of Crimea’s declaration of independence on March 11 2014, which was followed by a referendum on March 16 that culminated in the peninsula’s treaty with Moscow to join the Russian Federation, Mr Putin used his speech on March 18 to put historical arguments forward in an effort to legitimise the Russian course of action in front of his own population. The speech counters the international community’s legal assessment, which classified Crimea’s accession to Russia as an annexation, with a historical legitimisation full of symbolism and mysticism that blatantly reinterprets Russian history and delegitimises the territorial integrity of Ukraine. This article analyses Putin’s attempt to justify Russia’s annexation of Crimea and tries to infer the mindset and aims that lie behind his historic-political argumentation.

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Mattsson, Fredrik. « EU:s förordning om makars förmögenhetsförhållanden : Problematik och lösningar ». Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Juridiska institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-272541.

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EU:s institutioner bereder för närvarande en förordning innehållandes internationellt privat- och processrättsliga regler i mål om makars förmögenhetsförhållanden. Det senast presenterade textförslaget (kompromissförslaget) lades fram av Italien den 10 november 2014. Uppsatsen har två syften. För det första syftar den till att synliggöra vissa av de gränsdragnings- och tillämpningsproblem som skulle uppstå om kompromissförslaget skulle antas i dess nuvarande utformning. För det andra syftar uppsatsen till att erbjuda lösningar på de problem som identifieras. Uppsatsens fokus ligger på följande aspekter av förslaget: Materiellt tillämpningsområde. Domsrättsreglering i mål med anledning av en makes död. Lagvalsreglering. Förbehållen för internationellt tvingande regler och ordre public. För det första kan förordningens gränsdragning gentemot inomstatliga tvister och underhålls-frågor vålla problem. För att minska dessa problem bör det i en artikel anges att förordningen endast är tillämplig på tvister som har internationell anknytning och att en tillräcklig internationell anknytning föreligger om en av makarna innehar tillgångar som är belägna utomlands. För att avgränsa förordningens tillämpningsområde gentemot underhållsfrågor bör nationella domstolar följa den metod som anvisades i van den Boogard. Denna metod är bland annat adekvat för att kvalificera avtal mahr (islamisk brudpenning). Det är däremot inte möjligt att använda metoden för att kvalificera en dom i vilken 12 kap. 1 § äktenskapsbalken (skevdelningsregeln) har tillämpats. Enligt min mening bör i så fall den nationella domstolen göra en helhetsbedömning utifrån svaren på följande frågeställningar: Vilket är originaldomens huvudsakliga syfte? I vilken utsträckning beaktas makarnas behov och förmåga i originaldomen? För det andra är domsrättsreglering av mål med anledning av makes död problematiska. Art. 3 i kompromissförslaget hänvisar nämligen till arvsförordningen, vilket i praktiken kan leda till att den avlidnes barn gynnas på bekostnad av den efterlevande maken. Enligt min mening bör denna problematik minskas genom att den efterlevande maken ges en exklusiv rätt att avgöra om lagvalsreglerna i arvsförordningen eller i art. 5 kompromissförslaget ska tillämpas i ett mål om makarnas förmögenhetsförhållanden. För det tredje kan kompromissförslagets lagvalsregler leda till problematik. Eftersom deras utformning skiljer från lagvalsreglerna i arvsförordningen och 2007 års Haagprotokoll finns det en risk att en make över- eller underkompenseras ekonomiskt. Risken kan minskas genom att makarna ingår ett lagvalsavtal eller genom att en domare tillämpar en nationell jämkningsregel eller en EU-rättslig flyktklausul (t.ex. art. 5 i 2007 års Haagprotokoll). För att ytterligare minska risken för att över- och underkompensation bör en flyktklausul införas i förslaget till förordning om makars förmögenhetsförhållanden. En viss lagvalsregel är särskilt problematisk, nämligen art. 20a.3 i kompromissförslaget (hemvistbytesregeln). Artikeln har en bristande flexibilitet och bör därför förändras på följande vis: Rekvisitet ”undantagsvis” bör avlägsnas. Istället bör den i punkt 2 föreslagna tidsgränsen spegla den restriktivitet som önskas. Istället för att lagen i makarnas nya hemvistland ska bli tillämplig efter en ”avsevärt mycket längre tid” bör en fast tidsgräns införas. Det bör förtydligas vad som avses med kravet på att makarna ska ha åberopat lagen i den andra staten för att ordna eller planera sina förmögenhetsförhållanden. Enligt min mening är det lämpligt att hämta vägledning till hur tidsgränsen (se punkt 2) bör utformas i 4 § andra stycket lagen (1990:272) om internationella frågor rörande makars och sambors förmögenhetsförhållanden. För det fjärde finns problematik med anknytning till kompromissförslagets förbehåll för internationellt tvingande regler och ordre public. Av resonemanget framgår att lagstiftaren måste föra ett detaljerat resonemang (a detailed assessment) för att 7 kap. 4–9 §§, 11 kap. 8 § och 12 kap. 1–3 §§ äktenskapsbalken (1987:230) ska kunna betecknas som internationellt tvingande även efter att förordningen har trätt i kraft. Slutligen dras slutsatsen att det är önskvärt att ramarna är snäva när det gäller en nationell domstols möjligheter att underlåta att tillämpa utländsk rätt som ger rättskraft åt avtal om mahr.

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Ciappuccini, Renaud. « Apport de l'imagerie fonctionnelle par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM dans la prise en charge des cancers différenciés de la thyroïde Incremental Value of a Dedicated Head and Neck Acquisition during 18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Full text links full-text provider logo Actions Favorites Share Page navigation Title & ; authors Abstract Conflict of interest statement Figures Similar articles Cited by References Related information LinkOut - more resources EJNMMI Res . 2018 Dec 3;8(1):104. doi : 10.1186/s13550-018-0461-x. Optimization of a dedicated protocol using a small-voxel PSF reconstruction for head-and-neck 18 FDG PET/CT imaging in differentiated thyroid cancer 78 Lymph node involvement in head-and-neck and thyroid cancers with digital PET/CT : the impact of ultra-high definition voxels and point-spread function Tumor burden of persistent disease in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer : correlation with postoperative risk-stratification and impact on outcome 133 18F-Fluorocholine PET/CT is a highly sensitive but poorly specific tool for identifying malignancy in thyroid nodules with indeterminate cytology : The Chocolate study PSMA expression in neovasculature of persistent/recurrent differentiated thyroid cancerin the neck : relationship with radioiodine uptake, 18Fluorodeoxyglucose avidity and outcome ». Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC424.

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L’imagerie scintigraphique des cancers thyroïdiens différenciés (CTD) présente la particularité d’utiliser deux radiopharmaceutiques, l’iode 131 (131I) et le 18-Fluorodésoxyglucose (18FDG). La fixation de ces traceurs dépend habituellement du degré de différenciation et de l’agressivité de la tumeur. L’objectif de ce travail était d’étudier l’apport de différents aspects techniques et d’instrumentation, à savoir l’imagerie hybride par TEMP/TDM et TEP/TDM, la point-spread function (PSF), la taille des voxels et la technologie TEP digitale, et d’explorer si d’autres traceurs TEP pouvaient présenter un intérêt. Le but de la première partie était d’étudier les performances de la TEP/TDM au 18FDG à l’étage cervical pour la détection de la maladie ganglionnaire. Une acquisition TEP/TDM dédiée a amélioré la détection de la maladie tumorale par rapport à l’acquisition classique. L’utilisation de la PSF a permis de détecter des tailles de lésions plus petites et la durée optimale de cette acquisition a été évaluée. Des reconstructions avec des tailles de voxels ultra-fines ont été réalisées sur TEP digitale pour étudier l’impact de la PSF et des voxels ultra-fins sur les données quantitatives. La seconde partie a porté sur l’imagerie 131I-TEMP/TDM et 18FDG-TEP/TDM, afin de quantifier le volume de la maladie persistante. Il a ainsi été montré que la masse tumorale était corrélée au risque post-opératoire et avait un impact sur la réponse au traitement. L’objectif de la troisième partie était d’étudier un autre traceur TEP, la 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), ainsi qu’un marqueur de la néovascularisation, l’antigène membranaire spécifique de la prostate (PSMA). Nos données suggèrent qu’un examen TEP à la FCH négatif au sein d’un nodule thyroïdien à cytologie indéterminée permettrait d’éliminer la malignité, et pourrait éviter des chirurgies inutiles. Par ailleurs, le marquage au PSMA évalué par immunohistochimie dans les néo-vaisseaux est associé à des facteurs de mauvais pronostic. D’autres études sont nécessaires pour confirmer l’intérêt éventuel des examens TEP à la FCH et au 68Ga-PSMA en oncologie thyroïdienne
Radioiodine (131I) and 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18FDG) are two radiopharmaceuticals used for scintigraphic imaging in differentiated thyroid cancers (DTC). Tumour uptake of each tracer depends on tumour differentiation and aggressiveness. Our goal was to further assess various technical aspects in DTC imaging workup, such as SPECT/CT and PET/CT, point-spread function (PSF), voxel size, digital PET, and to explore further other PET tracers. The aim of the first part was to assess the performance of 18FDG PET/CT for the detection of neck lymph node involvement. A dedicated PET/CT acquisition improved tumour detection compared to the whole-body acquisition. PSF reconstruction allowed detection of smaller cancer deposits and the optimal acquisition duration time was assessed. Using digital PET acquisitions, ultra-thin voxels reconstructions were performed. The impact of ultra-thin voxels and PSF on quantitative values was evaluated. The second part focused on 131I-SPECT/CT and 18FDG-PET/CT imaging, in an attempt to assess tumour burden of persistent disease. Tumor burden was correlated with the postoperative risk and affected the response to therapy. In the third part, another PET tracer, i.e. 18-Fluorocholine (FCH), and a marker of neovasculature, i.e. prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), were studied. FCH PET/CT offered high negative predictive value to reliably exclude cancer in PET-negative nodules with indeterminate cytology and might prevent unnecessary surgeries. Also, PSMA expression assessed with immunohistochemistry was associated with poor prognosis factors. Further studies are needed to confirm new insights of FCH PET and 68Ga-PSMA PET in DTC

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Phoenix, David Gary. « "More like a picnic party" : Burke and Wills : an analysis of the Victorian exploring expedition of 1860-1861 ». Thesis, 2017. https://researchonline.jcu.edu.au/50833/1/50833-phoenix-2017-thesis.pdf.

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The Burke and Wills Expedition is one of the icons of Australian history, but surprisingly it has attracted little academic attention, with most of the vast body of literature about the Expedition being written by amateur historians for popular audiences. Few writers have thoroughly investigated and analysed the primary sources available. In addition, many of these sources are more difficult to interpret than the records of other Australian exploring expeditions because a number of important records went missing soon after the Expedition. The Expedition leader, Burke, did not keep a journal, almost uniquely for such an expedition, and this means that there is not even a clear understanding of the actual route taken. While some authors have travelled through the country traversed by Burke and Wills, none have tried to find and follow the exact route. The lack of solid information means that some aspects of the Expedition have become shrouded in myth. This thesis aims to investigate the Expedition from its inception to its end, placing it in the context of Australian colonial exploration. It corrects many of the myths and misconceptions that have crept into the Burke and Wills story, provides a reasonably accurate route and detailed chronology for the Expedition, explains some of the puzzles about the actions of the participants, and re-evaluates the Expedition's importance for Australian history. This was done by finding and analysing all the records left by and about the Expedition, using navigation and surveying techniques to evaluate Wills' performance as expedition navigator, and walking the route of the Expedition, initially in short stages, and then in 2008 following the entire route at the same time of the year as the Expedition took place. By analysing the Expedition records, including art by Expedition scientists, and the landscape and its relation to the Expedition – a methodology called 'historical human ecology' – the author was able to trace the actual route more closely than anyone to date, and thereby found why Burke and Wills did not reach the open sea at the Gulf, and why on their return they failed to reach their goal of Mount Hopeless, resulting soon after in their deaths. The study looks at the first use of camels in inland exploration, their procurement and utilisation and how camels allowed Burke to attempt a rapid journey form Cooper Creek to the Gulf. The study also explains the Expedition's relations with Aboriginal people, and shows that contrary to myth, the Expedition did use Aboriginal guides and even preferred Aboriginal placenames. Burke's decision not to rely on Aboriginal guides in northern Australia was a consequence of his use of camels, which freed him from the need to use guides to find water, rather than to racism. It further explains the circumstances of the Expedition leaders' deaths and shows that they were not 'poisoned' by nardoo, and that their relations with the Yandruwandha people of Cooper Creek can be explained by normal cultural beliefs and standards on both sides rather than inexplicable hostility by Burke as myth has it. The study also briefly considers how Eurocentric ideas of the arid interior of Australia changed as a result of the Expedition.

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Wallace, Michael M. « F/A-18E/F catapult minimum end airspeed testing ». 2002. http://etd.utk.edu/2002/WallaceMichael.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Tennessee, Knoxville, 2002.
Title from title page screen (viewed on Feb. 26, 2003). Thesis advisor: Frank Collins. Document formatted into pages (xi, 89 p. : ill.). Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 79-82).

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Gerling, Daniel Max. « American wasteland : a social and cultural history of excrement, 1860-1920 ». Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-05-5036.

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Human excrement is seldom considered to be an integral part of the human condition. Despite the relative silence regarding it, however, excrement has played a significant role in American history. Today the U.S. has more than two million miles of sewer pipes underneath it. Every year Americans flush more than a trillion gallons of water and fertilizer down the toilet, and farmers spend billions of dollars to buy artificial fertilizer. Furthermore, excrement is bound up in many complicated power relationships regarding race, gender, and ethnicity. This dissertation examines the period in American history, from the Civil War through the Progressive Era, when excrement transformed from commodity to waste. More specifically, it examines the cultural and social factors that led to its formulation as waste and the roles it played in the histories of American health, architecture, and imperialism. The first chapter assesses the vast changes to the country’s infrastructure and social fabric beginning in the late nineteenth century. On the subterranean level, much of America’s immense network of sewers was constructed during this era—making it one of the largest public works projects in U.S. history. Above ground, the United States Sanitary Commission, founded at the onset of the Civil War, commenced a widespread creation of sanitary commissions in municipalities, regions, and even internationally, that regulated defecation habits. Chapter Two assesses the social and architectural change that occurred as the toilet moved from the outhouse to inside the house—specifically, how awkwardly newly built homes accommodated this novel room and how the toilet’s move inside actually hastened its removal. The third chapter shifts focus to the way Americans considered their excrement in relation to their body in a time when efficiency a great virtue. Americans feared ailments related to “autointoxication” (constipation) and went to absurd lengths to rid their bodies of excrement. The fourth chapter analyzes the way excrement was racialized and the role it had in the various projects of American imperialism. The colonial subjects and potential American citizens—from Native Americans to Cubans, Filipinos, and Puerto Ricans—were regularly scrutinized, punished, and re-educated regarding their defecation habits.
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(12790704), James Lionel Lindley. « Adversity and identity : A history of Rockhampton's domestic water supply 1861-2014 ». Thesis, 2015. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Adversity_and_identity_A_history_of_Rockhampton_s_domestic_water_supply_1861-2014/20002061.

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In history, the progress of a city's water supply often parallels the growth of the city, and in Rockhampton's case, also reflects a number of adversities that the local councillors had to overcome. This dual local and water history dissertation explores the history of Rockhampton's water supply. In doing so it engages with themes within local history such as politics, local government, adversity, resilience and identity. This history also reveals patterns of local power relations. These themes are set against the backdrop of broader Australian history in order to provide context.1 Rockhampton sits astride the large Fitzroy

River, but despite this fortune of geography, the c;ity has had a history of challenges in securing a safe and reliable water supply. The forethought of mayors and local government officers was an integral feature of directing Rockhampton away from using unhygienic lagoon water, to having possibly one of the safest and best water supply systems in Australia, and this can only be appreciated by understanding the history of this local area. The development of Rockhampton was a phenomenon unlike most towns in Queensland. The duffer's gold rush at Canoona, bringing in hundreds of people almost instantly,

prevented Rockhampton developing slowly like other towns, which depended mainly on agriculture. The challenge for the leading citizens in a new town that virtually grew

overnight was to source adequate drinking water for a town on the bank of a salty river.

Local history narratives like this rely on the stories of people in the area. This local history narrative encompasses some local political history, although Councillors were not politically aligned in the early days of Rockhampton. The significant water history events that are explored in this thesis include the following, and each represents progress in ideas and technology. The first resolution passed by the first Council in 1861, was to apply to the Queensland Colonial Government for permission to cart water from Yeppen Yeppen Lagoon, later known as Yeppen Lagoon as the town water supply. In 1875 a more sophisticated reservoir was built to supply water to approximately 1,400 houses with lagoon water and by the 1926, a pumping station and water treatment works were built at Yaamba and potable water was piped the thirty-five kilometres to Rockhampton. In 1970 a barrage was built across the Fitzroy River at the "Rocks" to prevent tidal salt water contaminating the fresh Fitzroy River water. Subsequently, a new pumping station and water treatment works were built within the city at Glenmore in 1971. The thesis argues that the people who progressed Rockhampton's water supply faced adversity in achieving a continuous articulated potable water supply for the city. The city is adjacent to a saltwater river, yet the incremental progress made encouraged large businesses and even adjacent towns to eventually flourish, as well as helped to green Rockhampton. Furthermore, this water history shows Rockhampton's distinctive identity when it obtained its iconic Council-owned Barrage.

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Jensen, Sophie Alice. « On such a full sea : John MacGillivray (1821-1867) ». Phd thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/147043.

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This thesis examines the life of the naturalist and collector John MacGillivray (1821-1867). MacGillivray's name is woven through the narratives and accounts of nineteenth century collecting and exploration in Australia. His presence as a private collector for the Earl of Derby on board HMS Fly (1842-1846) and official naturalist aboard HMS Rattlesnake (1846-1850) and HMS Herald (1852-1855), mean that few could have rivalled his levels of knowledge and experience as a collector and ethnographer of Australian and Pacific material in the mid nineteenth century. Despite his presence on these three key voyages; despite his energy as a collector of birds, eggs, language, ethnographic material, plants, shells and animals; despite his collections being held in museums throughout Australia and England; despite his highly-regarded two-volume account ofthe voyage of the Rattlesnake; a full account of MacGillivray's life has never been written. The reasons for MacGillivray's neglect revolve around his dismissal, in disgrace, from HMS Herald in 1855. With reputation in tatters and career within the official scientific institutions and networks in Britain effectively over, he disappeared from the records and slipped quietly into anonymity. This thesis reveals that MacGillivray's career was far from over. His final twelve years are examined for the first time, detailing the life of a talented freelance collector and adventurer in Australia and the south-west Pacific. MacGillivray's misfortune led him into rich territory both for himself and for his biographer. His disreputable wanderings led him into the seedy world of sandalwood collecting, the flourishing missions of the south-west Pacific, the complex trading networks along the Australian coastline and throughout the Torres Strait and the burgeoning scientific scene in New South Wales. His activities on the fringes of the British Empire placed him, both physically and conceptually, within the complex and contested space of the colonial frontier. Charting this new territory has required sources not previously used. The discovery of articles written by MacGillivray for the Sydney Press sheds new light on him and his environment. Journals documenting his life on board the trading vessel Julia Percy provide insight to his most intriguing and certainly most dangerous period. While it is argued that MacGillivray's life warrants more attention than it has previously been given, this thesis does not aim to establish MacGillivray as a model of scientific achievement or of solid character. It is in his failings that he serves best as a lens through which the social and scientific spheres he inhabited can be examined. He was a man of ability, not necessarily originality. He was intelligent and knowledgeable without being brilliant. His inability to break free of the systems of natural history thought and collecting that had shaped his career constrained him to a marginal role in the great scientific developments that surrounded him. Nonetheless this examination of his life makes a significant contribution to understanding the life of a collector during the 1850s and 1860s, to our understanding of life on colonial frontiers and the workings of the British Empire, along and within, these marginal spaces.

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Franco, Maria da Glória Capela Tomás Cebola de Almeida. « Entre a caridade e a filantropia : asilo montemorense da infância desvalida (1876/1975) ». Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/37280.

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Tese de doutoramento, Educação (História da Educação), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2018
Finda a Guerra Civil (1834) surgiram novos olhares sobre a educação, tentando universalizá-la como forma de combater o analfabetismo. No entanto, a realidade não espelharia esta onda reformista. O miserabilismo acentuava-se sendo, por vezes, atenuado com o recurso ao contrabando e aos assaltos/pilhagens, tão frequentes nesta vila de Montemor-o-Novo. Na Roda era cada vez maior o número de crianças ai depositado e, nas ruas, os pedintes menores aumentavam. Vivia-se, em meados do século XIX, com uma grande concentração de áreas rurais nas mãos dos latifundiários do Sul, mais precisamente no Alentejo. O nível cultural era muito baixo, assim como a produção agrícola. Enquanto na Europa a revolução industrial era já uma realidade, por cá o atraso acentuava-se e o concelho de Montemor-o-Novo não era exceção. Tentando responder à onda filantrópica que se vivia, alguns montemorenses fundaram, em 1876, o Asilo Montemorense de Infância Desvalida (A.M.I.D.). Este propunha-se tirar das ruas algumas crianças, entaipando-as, evitando assim que perturbassem o quotidiano do burgo. Ao financiarem instituições de solidariedade ou de caráter científico, os filantropos procuravam e conseguiam retirar destes investimentos lucros e mordomias. Falar do Asilo é falar de Joaquim José Faísca. Benemérito fundador, rapidamente passou de cidadão com poucas posses a grande proprietário e detentor de avultada fortuna, feita à custa de elevados juros cobrados a empréstimos monetários. Com a implementação de uma nova ordem histórica, a República (1910), e apesar das expetativas criadas, muito pouco foi alterado no campo da educação. Nas direções do Asilo foram surgindo novos protagonistas (maçons e membros do Partido Republicano) que chamaram a si a gestão desta casa, durante largos anos. O nascer do ideal filantrópico, com a revolução liberal, e o crescer da laicização do ensino, com a república, levaram a que um positivismo organizado, caso da maçonaria, se empenhasse na assistência aos de baixo, retirando vantagens pessoais. Com o terminar da I Grande Guerra (1914/18) a vida dos montemorenses tornara-se um verdadeiro inferno. O mercado negro crescia e o contrabando com Espanha atingia proporções inigualáveis. Chegados a 1929, a grande depressão veio agravar o que era impensável poder ser agravado. O número de crianças asiladas aumentou consideravelmente. Se 1876, ano da inauguração da instituição, eram em número de 5, em 1918 eram 17 e no final de 1929 já estavam contabilizadas 54, entre internas e porcionistas. O quotidiano estava recheado de enormes dificuldades e a II Grande Guerra (1939/45) veio aumentar ainda mais a precariedade da vida intra e extramuros. Com o século XX já a meio (1962) esta casa foi entregue a uma instituição religiosa que a geriu até 1975, data do seu encerramento. Ao cotejar o acervo e a imprensa periódica local, procurei construir uma narrativa histórico-biográfica, assente no debate semântico entre os conceitos de caridade e filantropia e com a ajuda de autores de referência (Fernandes, Fonseca, Foucault, Goffman, Magalhães, Mattoso, Novoa, Ó, Pintassilgo…), tentei adquirir um conhecimento holístico desta casa asilar.
At the end of Civil War (1834) new looks on education emerged, trying to universalize it as a way to combat illiteracy. However, the reality would not reflect this reform wave. The miserabilism, it is emphasized being sometimes attenuated by the use of smuggling and assaults/plundering, frequent in this town of Montemor-o-Novo. At the Roda an increasing number of children there placed and in the streets, the smaller beggars increased. In the mid-19th century with a large concentration of rural areas in the hands of the southern landowners, more precisely in the Alentejo The cultural level was very low, as well as agricultural production. While in Europe the Industrial revolution was already a reality, here the delay was accentuated and the county of the Montemor-O-Novo was no exception. Trying to respond to the philanthropic wave lived then, some montemorenses founded, in 1876, the Asilo Montemorense da Infância Desvalida (A.M.I.D.). Proposing to take some children out of the streets, isolating them “between boards” thereby preventing them from disrupting the village's everyday life. By financing institutions of solidarity or scientific character, philanthropists, sought and succeeded, withdrawing from these investments profits and stewardship. Talking about the asylum is talking about Joaquim José Faísca. A meritious founder, he quickly went from a citizen with few possessions to the great owner and keeper of substantial wealth, made at the expense of high interest charged to monetary loans. With the implementation of a new historical order, the Republic (1910), and despite the expectations created, very little has been altered in the field of education. At the directions of the asylum were emerging new protagonists (Freemasons and members of the Republican Party) who have called themselves the management of this house for several long years. The birth of the philanthropic ideal, with the liberal revolution, and the growing of the secularisation of education, with the Republic, led to an organised positivism, case of Freemasonry, to strive to assist the lower ones removing personal advantages. With the end of the I Great War (1914/18) the life of the montemorenses became a real hell. The black market was growing and smuggling with Spain had reached unparalleled proportions. Arriving at 1929, the Great Depression turn to worsen what was unthinkable to be aggravated. The number of children at the asylum raised considerably. If 1876, year of the inauguration of the institution, were in number of 5, in 1918 were 17 and at the end of 1929 were already counted 54, between charity and sponsered. Everyday life was filled with enormous difficulties and the II Great War (1939/45) came to further increase the precariousness of life intra and extra walls. With the 20th century already halfway (1962) this house is handed over to a religious institution that managed it until 1975, the date of its closure. Ascertaining the acquis and the local periodic press, I sought to build a historicalbiographical narrative, based on the semantic debate between the concepts of charity and philanthropy and with the help of reference authors (Fernandes, Fonseca, Foucault, Goffman, Magalhães, Mattoso, Nóvoa, Ó, Pintassilgo...), I tried to acquire a holistic knowledge of this house asylum.

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Costa, Lese Mary 1985. « O atum em Portugal de 1896-2011 : contributos para a sua história ambiental, ecológica e económica ». Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/9817.

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Tese de mestrado. Biologia (Ecologia e Gestão Ambiental). Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2013
Desde a antiguidade, a pesca do atum tem vindo a ser realizada em várias zonas do mundo, sendo geralmente uma captura local e costeira. A referência mais antiga de que há conhecimento na costa portuguesa, data do século II, praticada por romanos. Esta, terá sido uma das primeiras indústrias a desenvolver-se em Portugal, mais concretamente no litoral algarvio. Atualmente, são cinco as espécies de atum que acorrem junto da nossa costa. Representando cerca de 10% das capturas ao nível mundial, o atum tem sido explorado ao longo do tempo, sem nunca ter sido considerada a correlação entre o seu valor ecológico e económico. Segundo o Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), entre 1896 e 2011, foram capturadas mais de 100.000 toneladas de atuns em Portugal. Devido à sobre exploração e às possíveis alterações ambientais, o número de atuns capturados tem diminuído, mas o valor anual da sua pesca descarregada em Portugal é agora de 25 milhões de euros, quando há 10 anos era de apenas 10 milhões. O fato da rota migratória de várias espécies de atum passarem junto da costa continental portuguesa contribuiu para o estabelecimento e desenvolvimento histórico desta atividade no nosso país, que continua, ainda hoje, a ser muito importante em termos culturais, sociais e económicos. Atualmente, existem novos constrangimentos ecológicos que se sobrepõem, ainda que a pesca de atum em Portugal esteja suportada por interesses económicos internacionais. Sendo o atum um produto bastante rentável, as políticas de regulamentação e conservação existentes podem não ser suficientes para a manutenção da sustentabilidade das espécies.
Since the Classical Antiquity, tuna fishing activities have been performed in various parts of the world, being generally a local and coastal capture. The earliest reference known in the Portuguese coast is for the 2nd century, practiced by the Romans. This was one of the first industries to be developed in Portugal, more specifically in the Algarve coast. Currently, there are five species of tuna that occurs along the Portuguese coast. Representing about 10% of the worldwide catches, the tuna has been exploited over time without any type of correlation between its ecological and economic value as ever been considered as well as the sustainability of natural populations in the marine environment. According to Portuguese national statistics (INE), between 1896 and 2011 more than 100.000 tons of tuna were captured in Portugal. However, due to overexploitation, and possibly to environmental changes, the number of tuna caught has significantly decreased over time. Anyhow, the low environmental availability and the consequently low market supply have caused the current value of its annual catch in Portugal to attain 25 million Euros, while ten years ago was equivalent to 10 million Euros. The fact that the migratory route of several species of tuna migrate along the Portuguese mainland coasts contributed to the historical establishment and development of this activity in our country which, still today, continues to be very important in terms of cultural, social and economic. Currently, there are new ecological constraints that overlap, although fishing tuna in Portugal is supported by international economic interests. Because tuna is a product quite profitable, regulation policies and conservation may not be sufficient to keep the sustainability of the species.

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Correia, Roberto Paulo dos Ramos Franco. « Assimetrias linguísticas do currículo : a disciplina de inglês no liceu português entre 1836-1974 ». Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/35220.

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Tese de doutoramento, Educação (História da Educação), Universidade de Lisboa, Instituto de Educação, 2018
Esta tese analisa, numa perspetiva histórica, a disciplina de língua inglesa na escola secundária portuguesa. A compreensão histórica do(s) processo(s) de construção de uma língua estrangeira e o do seu ensino nos liceus de Portugal, constitui o cerne da dissertação. Ao inscrever seu estudo numa perspetiva história, pensámos contribuir para desmontar o carácter atemporal e apolítico que parece caraterizar a Educação Linguística. No plano teórico, a pesquisa articulou contributos da história do currículo e das disciplinas escolares, bem como de autores ligados às questões da mundialização da educação escolar. No plano empírico, o estudo definiu um arco temporal compreendido entre o início do século XIX (1836) e o terceiro quartel do século XX (1974). Os momentos de anglofobia e anglofilia que marcaram o percurso desta língua estrangeira, no ensino oficial, ao longo de 135 anos, foram decisivos no rumo seguido pela disciplina até à conquista do seu próprio espaço no currículo português. Este estudo privilegiou, como fontes principais, a legislação, os programas disciplinares, os relatórios dos professores, reitores e inspetores os livros escolares e a imprensa de educação e ensino, adotando duas linhas de orientação, que embora distintas, se articularam e complementaram entre si. A primeira centrou-se no próprio processo de construção social da matéria linguística, interrogou os discursos fundadores que legitimaram a passagem dos saberes da tradição social de origem para a cultura escolar. Indagou também sobre os modos como a disciplina incorporou e se articulou com os discursos que atravessaram a cultura escolar não deixando de referir as mudanças ocorridas. A segunda linha interpelou a função da disciplina de inglês, numa perspetiva da relação dos saberes e dos efeitos de poder nos diferentes atores escolares. Procurou-se compreender, através das formas de concretização pedagógica produzidas, o modo como a disciplina disciplinou e como essa produção, integrante que foi do próprio processo de alquimia curricular, se traduziu em identidades curriculares especificas, reunidas sob o signo escolar de Educação Linguística.
This thesis analyzes from an historical perspective, the English language discipline in the Portuguese secondary school. The historical understanding of the process (s) of construction of a foreign language and its teaching in the lyceums of Portugal, constitutes the core of the dissertation. By inscribing this study in an historical perspective, we thought to contribute to dismantle the timeless and apolitical character that seems to characterize Linguistic Education. At the theoretical level, the research articulated contributions from the history of the curriculum and the school disciplines, as well as authors related to the issues of the globalization of school education. At the empirical level, the study defined a temporal arch between the beginning of the 19th century (1836) and the third quarter of the 20th century (1974). The moments of Anglophobia and Anglophilia that marked the course of this foreign language, during the 135 years of official education, were decisive in the course followed by the discipline until the conquest of its own space in the Portuguese curriculum. This study focused on legislation, disciplinary programs, teachers ‘reports, rectors and inspectors, school textbooks and the education and teaching press, as the main sources, adopting two guidelines that, although distinct, articulated and complement each other. The first one focused on the process of social construction of linguistic material, questioned the founding discourses that legitimized the passage of knowledge from the social tradition of origin to the school culture. It also inquired about the ways in which the discipline has been incorporated and articulated with the discourses that went through the school culture and how they changed when those changed. The second line addressed the function of the English language, in a perspective of the relation of knowledge and the effects of power on the different school actors. It was sought to understand, through the pedagogical forms produced, the way discipline disciplined and how this production, which was a part of the process of curricular alchemy itself, translated into specific curricular identities, gathered under the school sign of Linguistic Education.
Fundo Social Europeu (FSE); Agência Regional para o Desenvolvimento da Investigação, Tecnologia e Inovação (ARDIT), projeto Operacional de Valorização do Potencial Humano e Coesão Social da RAM (Rumos)

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Collins, Joseph L. « Possession vis-a-vis power : rent theory, global mining and modern landed property in Australia 1861-2014 ». Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:39272.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to establish a historically specific theory of landed property in Australia that can serve as the foundation for a socially significant theory of mineral-rent. This task is necessary because the orthodox theory of rent is unable to explain effectively the formation and distribution of mineral-rents. This failure of the orthodoxy not only obscures clear understanding of the social significance of rent but also retards the rational organisation of the minerals industry. It is therefore imperative that the theory of rent is critically examined. This critical reappraisal of economic theory will be conducted in relation to the operations and consequences of the global mining industry within Australia in the contemporary period. The aim of this analysis is to illuminate the dynamics of capital accumulation that underpinned debates around the ill-fated Australian ‘mining tax’. It is argued that these parliamentary-political machinations were a phenomenal manifestation of an essential contradiction of the capitalist mode of production. As landed property conditions the formation and distribution of mineral-rents, the question becomes one of how to identify the character and function of modern landed property in relation to the dynamics of capital accumulation. This research contributes to debates within the fields of Marxist rent theory, the political economy of Australian capitalism and the theorisation of landed property. The methodology employed throughout the analysis can be characterised as a generative class analysis in the tradition of the materialist conception of history utilising dialectical reasoning. The analysis is organised according to three distinct yet connected parts. The first part establishes the case for a new theory of mineral-rent by critiquing the prevailing orthodoxy in rent theory. The second part demonstrates the need for a theory of landed property as a necessary precondition for a new, socially significant, theory of mineral-rent. The third part elaborates a historically specific theory of landed property in Australia in relation to the dynamics of capital accumulation. The dissertation concludes by reiterating the core thesis, comprised of three interconnected claims: orthodox rent theory is incapable of explicating the social signification of rental payments for the use of mineral lands; a new theory of mineral-rent necessarily requires a theory of landed property in relation to the dynamics of capital accumulation; the modern form of landed property in Australia is denoted by the separation of ownership and control functions.

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Baptista, Ninda Lara 1987. « A review of Amietia angolensis (Bocage, 1866) and Amietia fuscigula (Duméril and Bibron, 1841) (Anura : Pyxicephalidae), using morphology and advertisement calls ». Master's thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/4680.

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Tese de mestrado. Biologia (Biologia da Conservação). Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2011
The ability of identifying a species is vital for its effective conservation. River frogs from the genus Amietia are widespread from Southern to north-Eastern Africa, but delineation of species within this genus is at an early stage. The widespread distribution of two species, A. angolensis and A. fuscigula suggests their unresolved taxonomy. A new phylogeny for the genus based on genetic data is under construction. It resulted in a new arrangement for some species, and proposed provisional names for some clades. The present work comprised seven clades from the referred phylogeny, five included in “A. angolensis group”, from Southern and Eastern Africa, and two included in “A. fuscigula group”, from Southern Africa. This study used an integrative approach, based on morphological data from all seven clades; and acoustic data from two clades from Southern Africa, in order to corroborate the clades which delineation was based in genetic data. Morphological data were obtained from a total of 110 frogs and 31 tadpoles from museums and personal collections. Morphometric data were obtained from 76 adults belonging to seven clades, and were used for discriminant function analyses. The results were used to assess the appropriateness of the proposed working names for the clades and to try to identify the most useful features for distinguishing species within this genus. The main results generally support the clades proposed on the new phylogeny. The provisional working names were, in most cases, supported by this work, except for two clades from Eastern Africa, for which there was neither support nor rebuttal. No observed character alone was enough for distinguishing all seven clades. Throat coloration pattern alone identified unequivocally adults from Southern Africa. Body measurements were useful for distinguishing groups of clades. Clades discovered through genetics show consistent morphological differences that seem to have been confused with a high intra-specific morphological variability.
A capacidade de identificar uma espécie é crucial para a efectiva conservação da mesma. Em regiões pouco conhecidas como Angola e em “hotspots” de biodiversidade como as Eastern Arc Mountains na África Oriental, a Região Florística do Cabo Ocidental na África do Sul são prioritárias para a conservação, e, consequentemente, para a documentação da biodiversidade existente. O género Amietia (Anura: Pyxicephalidae) ocorre desde o Sul da África Austral (África do Sul) ao Norte da África Oriental (Etiópia). Este género inclui actualmente quinze espécies. No entanto, o estudo da sua taxonomia encontra-se ainda num estádio inicial. A sugerir isto está o facto de duas das espécies terem amplas áreas de distribuição – Amietia angolensis ocorre desde a África do Sul à Etiópia, e Amietia fuscigula em quase toda a África do Sul e na Namíbia – contrastando com outras espécies, que têm distribuições muito limitadas – como por exemplo Amietia vandijki, conhecida apenas das montanhas nos arredores da Cidade do Cabo, e Amietia dracomontana, conhecida apenas do planalto do Lesoto. A distinção entre ambas as espécies foi alvo de muito debate durante mais de um século, tendo sido considerada como um dos problemas clássicos da herpetologia africana. Apesar de actualmente já não haver dúvidas sobre a sua distinção, as complexas listas de sinónimos atribuídos a ambas as espécies sugerem também que a posição taxonómica actualmente atribuída a cada uma delas ainda não é definitiva. Uma nova filogenia baseada em sequências genéticas está a ser construída para o género Amietia, e inclui exemplares de grande parte da sua área de ocorrência. Esta filogenia reconhece um determinado número de clados, alguns dos quais são novos, outros dos quais corroboram o conhecimento já existente sobre algumas espécies. Este trabalho focou-se num total de sete clados reconhecidos pela referida filogenia: cinco pertencentes ao “grupo A. angolensis” – incluindo exemplares da África do Sul, Angola, Lesoto, Malawi, Quénia, Ruanda, Tanzânia, Uganda, Zimbabué, e dois pertencentes ao “grupo A. fuscigula” – incluindo exemplares da África do Sul e da Namíbia. O trabalho teve como objectivos: utilizar uma abordagem integrativa para complementar os resultados obtidos através de dados genéticos com dados morfológicos – disponíveis para os sete clados – e acústicos – disponíveis para dois clados da África Austral; - discutir os nomes provisórios propostos para os clados, comparando os resultados obtidos com as descrições originais das espécies e fotografias dos holótipos, quando disponíveis; - procurar características morfológicas que permitam a distinção das espécies no campo, dada a elevada variabilidade morfológica referida para este género. Para tal foram utilizados ao todo 110 exemplares adultos, juvenis, e recém-metamorfoseados, e 31 girinos depositados em colecções pessoais e museológicas. Os dados morfométricos foram recolhidos de 76 exemplares adultos, enquanto que os dados relativos ao padrão de coloração e à forma do corpo foram recolhidos de adultos, juvenis e recém-metamorfoseados. Para os girinos registou-se apenas a fórmula dentária. Os dados morfométricos foram analisados através de análises exploratórias, testes de diferenças de médias entre as variáveis mais importantes para a rápida distinção dos clados no campo, e análises discriminantes entre várias combinações de clados. Os padrões de coloração e outros dados qualitativos relativos à textura da pele e à forma de partes do corpo foram, sempre que possível, transformados em categorias para facilitar a interpretação dos resultados obtidos. Estes dados foram analisados apenas descritivamente. Para analisar os dados bioacústicos foram determinadas as taxas de repetição dos pulsos por comboio de pulsos, taxas de repetição dos pulsos por nota, intervalo entre comboios de pulsos, intervalos entre notas, e frequência das vocalizações. Os resultados morfométricos – nomeadamente o rácio entre a largura da cabeça e o comprimento da tíbia – permitiram uma separação entre o “grupo A. angolensis” e o “grupo A. fuscigula”, característica já anteriormente referida na bibliografia como útil para distinguir as duas espécies. As análises discriminantes efectuadas com outros rácios entre os vários grupos mostraram capacidade de distinguir alguns clados, indicando que os clados descobertos têm diferenças morfométricas. Os resultados dos dados qualitativos revelaram que os clados têm diferentes frequências para vários dos caracteres, e que existem poucos caracteres diagnosticantes de cada clado. Por exemplo, recorrendo apenas ao padrão de coloração da garganta, foi possível identificar correctamente todos os indivíduos adultos dos clados da África Austral. No entanto, nenhuma outra característica qualitativa se revelou tão útil para a distinção entre todas as combinações de clados, principalmente de clados da África Oriental. Os dados acústicos revelaram diferentes frequências de vocalização, diferentes taxas de repetição dos pulsos e notas relativamente aos taxa com os quais foram comparados, corroborando a proposta revalidação de clados da África Austral. A falta de caracteres exclusivos de cada clado revelou a grande variabilidade morfológica do género Amietia. Ainda assim, e apesar da elevada variabilidade, alguns dos resultados sugeriram que há padrões de variação consistentes em cada clado, e, por isso, também corroboram os clados propostos pela nova filogenia do género. A discussão sobre a adequação dos sete nomes propostos para os clados sugeriu concordância entre cinco nomes [Amietia angolensis (Bocage, 1866) de Angola, Amietia fuscigula (Duméril & Bibron, 1841) do sudoeste da África do Sul, Amietia quecketti (Boulénger, 1845) do centro–norte da África à Sul e Namíbia, Amietia tenuoplicata (Pickersgill, 2007) da Tanzânia, Amietia theileri (Mocquard, 1906) para espécimens da África do Sul e Zimbabué], e nenhum suporte conclusivo para dois dos nomes [Amietia desaegeri (Laurent, 1972), do Uganda e Ruanda, e Amietia viridireticulata (Pickersgill, 2007), No Sul da Tanzania e Norte do Quénia]. Os padrões de variação morfológica consistentes de cada clado sugerem que, apesar da grande variabilidade morfológica relatada para várias espécies de Amietia, é possível que essa variabilidade possa ser devida não a uma variabilidade intra-específica extremamente elevada, mas sim ao facto de existirem várias espécies. No entanto, este estudo, por não ser exaustivo e por incluir amostras muito pequenas, pode ser considerado uma abordagem preliminar ao assunto.

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Leal, Manuel Maria Cardoso. « A rotação partidária em Portugal : a aprendizagem da alternância política (c. 1860-1890) ». Doctoral thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/24291.

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Tese de doutoramento, História (História Contemporânea), Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2016
Compreender como se construiu o primeiro sistema partidário em Portugal e como evoluiu para a rotação entre dois partidos, no período 1860-1890, é o propósito principal da presente tese. Tal rotação fez-se entre duas opções moderadas, uma conservadora e outra progressista, ou uma de centro-direita e outra de centro-esquerda, respeitadoras das regras políticas fundamentais. Mas houve sempre luta entre um partido inspirado num espírito unitário e outro desejoso de afirmar uma alternativa. Nos anos 50 já houve transições governativas, sob o impulso do rei, entre as mesmas forças políticas da futura rotação, mas esta só se realizou realmente a partir do final dos anos 70, impulsionada também pela opinião pública e não apenas pelo rei. A aceitação geral do princípio rotativo a que se chegou nos anos 80 significou uma vitória do bipartidarismo sobre o predomínio de um partido. Mais do que um símbolo da Monarquia Constitucional portuguesa, a rotação de 1860-1890 foi parte da evolução geral dos sistemas representativos na Europa.
This thesis aims mainly to undestand how the first party system was built in Portugal and how it evolved into the rotation of two parties, in the period between 1860 and 1890. That rotation was assured between two moderate parties, one conservative and another progressist, or one center-right wing and another center-left wing, both obeying the basic political rules. But it consisted of a constant strife between a party inspired by an unitarian spirit and another party wishing to assert an alternative. In the 1850’s there were some governmental transitions, driven by the king, between the same political forces of future rotation; but this was really accomplished in the end of the 1870’s, boosted by the public opinion, not only by the king. The general acceptance of the rotation principle that was reached in the 1880’s meant a victory of bipartidism over one party’s predominance. The rotation of 1860-1890 was more than a symbol of Portuguese Constitutional Monarchy; it was also parte of general evolution of representative systems in Europe.

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Hixenbaugh, Dustin Kenneth. « Supplement to a superficial education : didacticism and performance in Júlia Lopes de Almeida's Livro das Noivas (1896) ». Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2011-05-2808.

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The most prolific woman writer of belle époque Brazil, Júlia Lopes de Almeida is remembered chiefly for her proto-feminist novels like A Falência (1901). This essay extends critical analysis to the heretofore overlooked Livro das Noivas (1896), a domestic manual once reprimanded by Jeffrey Needell as counterproductive to the feminist cause. With theoretical references to Genette, Agamben, Butler, Woolf, Ludmer, and others, it contextualizes Noivas within late 19th-century discourse on women’s education and the tradition of conduct literature, ultimately determining that Almeida subverts the conventions of the latter in defense of the former. Like João Luso, who declared Noivas a “curso” for soon-to-be-married women, this essay reads the book as a remedial addendum to the superficial education that left women unprepared to confront what Almeida and her liberal contemporaries deemed their responsibility to ensure the nation’s future by supplying it educated and healthy sons. In a deep analysis of the author’s extended dedication to her husband, Filinto, this essay moreover redresses Needell’s division of Noivas from Almeida’s novels. Rather than an aberration, the manual is a companion piece to the author’s fictional corpus. As a performative dissimulation of moral femininity, it compensates for Almeida’s unorthodox and, for the time, questionably “feminine” career.
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Silva, Fernando Alberto Carvalho David e. « O fim das naus e a marinha da transição : um inquérito da Câmara dos Deputados (1853-1856) ». Master's thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/8792.

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Tese de mestrado, História Marítima, Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Letras, 2013Portugal.
O objectivo central da presente dissertação é o estudo do Inquérito às Repartições de Marinha, realizado entre 1853 e 1856 por uma Comissão eleita pela Câmara dos Deputados, bem como dos resultados a que deu origem a curto prazo, com especial incidência na renovação da Esquadra e do Arsenal da Marinha de Lisboa. O estudo procura contribuir para melhorar a compreensão da Marinha do início da segunda metade do séc. XIX, cuja evolução ocorreu no quadro da conjuntura política e económica emergente da Regeneração, bem como, sobretudo, no contexto da acelerada transição tecnológica e de mentalidades que então se atravessava.
ABSTRACT: The main object of this dissertation is the study of the Parliamentary Board of Enquiry to the Navy, carried out by a Lower House appointed Commitee in the period 1853-1856, as well as its short term impact on the Fleet and the Lisbon Dockyard renewal. This study aims at improving the understanding of the Portutuguese Navy, when it started its reform at the beginning of the second half of the 19th century, in the framework of the new political and economical context of the “Regeneração”, as well as of the rapidly evolving technological and mentalities environment.

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Costa, Maria Emília dos Ramos. « A vivência teatral entre 1771 e 1860 o que nos dizem as leis ». Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/20420.

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A actividade teatral enquanto manifestação social necessita de ser regulada, sendo as principais leis nacionais que, entre 1771 e 1860, se destinaram a prover tal desiderato, o objecto de estudo deste trabalho, que procura, paulatinamente, na aparente secura da linguagem legislativa, apreender os comportamentos, as interacções, a dinâmica e os anseios dos intervenientes desse microcosmo teatral. As leis revelam ao mesmo tempo que disciplinam, pois só se preceitua sobre a realidade, pelo que, através delas, procurámos apurar como eram os autores dramáticos, os actores e os ensaiadores, bem como as relações de força se estabeleciam entre eles. Reflectimos também sobre qual o papel das actrizes no tecido social da época, como reagia o público a esta actividade cultural e qual a relação da censura com o espaço artístico. As leis são um manancial inesgotável de informação.
Abstract: The theatrical activity as a social event needs to be regulated. The object of study of the present work is the national laws that, between the years of 1771 and 1860 were intended to provide such goal. This work seeks gradually to grasp behaviors, interactions, dynamics and concerns of stakeholders of such theatrical microcosm, in spite of the apparent dryness of the legislative language. At the same time that laws discipline they also disclose, since only reality is regulated. Therefore it is through those laws that we tried to understand playwrights, actors and directors, as well as the power relations established between them. We also focused on the role of the actresses in the social fabric at that time and on how the audience reacted to this cultural activity along with the type of relationship between censorship and the artistic field. Laws are an inexhaustible source of information.

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Santos, João Miguel Mendes. « Design Editorial do livro de ficção português : análise de edições publicadas no período de 1866 a 2014 ; Projeto editorial para uma colecção literária ». Master's thesis, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/86251.

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Santos, João Miguel Mendes. « Design Editorial do livro de ficção português : análise de edições publicadas no período de 1866 a 2014 ; Projeto editorial para uma colecção literária ». Dissertação, 2016. https://repositorio-aberto.up.pt/handle/10216/86251.

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Bradshaw, Lynn. « Patterson v. Bonaparte and the Interesting Case of a Marriage, the validity of which was argued in 1861 by French attorney, Antoine-Louise Berryer and a Beautiful Bride, Elizabeth Patterson, as portrayed in 1804 by the Artist Gilbert Stuart in Washington City (with a sheer dress, a prince, a republican President, an angry Emperor...and a circle of beautiful, ambitious women led by Dolley Madison) ». Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2012-05-5102.

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Gilbert Stuart completed the portrait of the new bride, Elizabeth Patterson Bonaparte, as well as portraits of 15 other women during his Washington period from late 1803 to early 1805. Scholars have often discounted this period in Stuart's work for its "compositional simplicity" and repeat choice of a stock white dress for the portraits of many of these women. But to dismiss this period is Stuart's work is to dismiss a period when Stuart positioned himself in the center of the "first circle" in Washington, a circle that included Dolley Madison and her most ambitious friends. Women, in this era after the American and French revolutions, had the freedom to enter into the public discourse. They were liberated from many of the more conservative principals of the early colonial period, shedding their restrictive clothing in the process. Stuart's salon, a highly visible public venue, as well as his ability to portray the strength of character and a direct, forthright gaze of the American woman, all made him extremely popular with women. Stuart, a critical force within the construction of a new image for this Nation, based on Jeffersonian ideas of republicanism, based his practice on simple, natural design influences. My goal is to more thoroughly examine Stuart's decisions in composing Betsy Bonaparte's portrait, as well as the facts surrounding her marriage to Napoleon Bonaparte's youngest brother. I will then consider why Elizabeth Bonaparte's wedding portrait represents the chef d'ouvre of his work during this period and how the young bride served as his muse, influencing his Washington style, and the women who followed her into the painter's studio.
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Ramos, Inês Cristina Gomes. « A confissão de Zeno : uma análise do romance A consciência de Zeno, de Italo Svevo ». Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/27959.

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Esta tese consiste numa análise de A Consciência de Zeno, de Italo Svevo. Essa análise passa pela apresentação e discussão da perspectiva do protagonista do romance acerca de conceitos como ‘vício’, ‘doença’ ou ‘psicanálise’.
This thesis consists of an analysis of Italo Svevo’s Zeno’s Conscience. It will present and discuss the perspective of the main character on concepts such as ‘addiction’, ‘disease’ or ‘psychoanalysis’.

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Rodrigues, Rute Andreia Massano. « Entre a salvaguarda e a destruição : a extinção das ordens religiosas em Portugal e as suas consequências para o património artístico dos conventos (1834-1868) ». Doctoral thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/29993.

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A extinção das Ordens Religiosas, em 1834, no contexto das políticas liberais, levou os conventos a conhecerem um processo de “desmantelamento” que conduziu à descontextualização e perda de muitas obras de arte. Porém, medidas em prol da salvaguarda do património, protagonizadas por D. Pedro IV (1798-1834), por D. Maria II (1819-1853) e também pelos seus sucessores, D. Pedro V e D. Luís, assentes na criação de uma estrutura organizada para o efeito, revelar-se-iam fundamentais na protecção de diverso património histórico-artístico e na consequente criação dos primeiros museus públicos de arte portugueses. Diversas medidas legislativas, a maioria inspirada no modelo francês, adequar-se-iam à realidade nacional, deparando-se, no entanto, com dificuldades de implementação advindas da volatilidade política que caracterizaria, particularmente, as décadas de 30 e 40 de oitocentos, até à denominada Regeneração. A Biblioteca Pública, o Depósito das Livrarias dos Extintos Conventos e as Academias de Ciências e de Belas-Artes, sobretudo a de Lisboa, terão desempenhado um decisivo papel na salvaguarda e gestão de um vasto conjunto de obras de arte oriundas de conventos extintos, particularmente pinturas, que importa estudar, avaliando-se a importância atribuída ao património artístico móvel, numa altura em que alguns, de forma enérgica, defendiam a supremacia do património arquitectónico. Para além de pinturas, as antigas casas religiosas – muitas das quais reutilizadas ou vendidas – possuíam um conjunto muito diverso de património artístico e religioso que teve os mais diversos destinos, numa conjuntura, tantas vezes, política, social e financeiramente adversa. O gosto, as condições políticas, financeiras e logísticas, ditariam, inevitavelmente, as escolhas, o “viver” ou o “morrer” de muitas obras de arte.
The extinction of the Religious Orders in 1834, in the context of liberal policies, took the convents to know a process of "dismantling" that led to the decontextualisation and loss of many works of art. However, measures in favour of the safeguarding of heritage, taken by D. Pedro IV (1798-1834), by D. Maria II (1819-1853) and also by her sucessors, D. Pedro V and D. Luís, based on the creation of an organized structure for this purpose, would prove to be fundamental to the protection of diverse historical and artistic heritage and the consequent creation of the first public portuguese museums of art. Several legislative measures, most of them inspired by the french model, would be adjusted to the national reality, facing however, implementation difficulties, arising from political volatility that would characterized, particularly, the 1830s and 1840s decades, until the so-called Regeneration. The Public Library, the Deposit of Libraries of Extinct Convents and the Academies of Sciences and Fine Arts, especially Lisbon, have played a decisive role in safeguarding and management of a wide range of works of art from extinct convents, particularly paintings, important to be studied, evaluating the importance assigned to the movable artistic heritage, when some people defended, vigorously, the supremacy of the architectural heritage. In addition to paintings, the ancient religious houses − many of them were reused or sold − had a very diverse set of artistic and religious heritage that had the most different destinations, in a conjuncture, so often, politically, socially and financially adverse. The taste, and the political, financial and logistical conditions would determine, inevitably, the choices, the “survival” or the “death” of many works of art.

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Řezanková, Jana. « Realismus a impresionismus v románu Hermana Banga U cesty (1886) a nový realismus v románu Helle Helleové Představa o nekomplikovaném životě s mužem (2002). Proměny realistické metody se zvláštním důrazem na vypravěče ». Master's thesis, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-294037.

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Pojem realismus obsahuje velké množství významů. To je dáno především tím, že se jeho defmice zakládají na velmi vágních a jen obtížně vymezitelných výrazech, jako jsou pravda, objektivní nebo skutečnost. Tradičně je realismus vnímán jako obecně estetický pojem a spojován právě s objektivitou, pravdivostí a věrností skutečnosti. Důležitou úlohu v něm tedy sehrává i mimese, tj. napodobení skutečnosti. S realismem je spojována metonymická metoda zobrazení. Literární historici jako realismus vymezují buď jednotlivá období v dějinách, kdy se v literatuře uplatňuje realismus jako obecně estetický princip, nebo realismem rozumí pouze období 19. století, v němž vrcholí snaha o co největší objektivitu ve zobrazení současného života a osob celého společenského spektra. Jeho zástupcem je právě Herman Bang. Oproti tomuto realismu 19. století se pak pomocí různých přívlastků vymezují období ve 20. století, kdy v literatuře opět převládá snaha o objektivní, pravdivé zobrazení skutečnosti. V Dánsku je to např. nový realismus (nyrealisme) devadesátých let 20. století a prvního desetiletí 21. století s představitelkou Helle Helleovou.

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Howes, Hilary Susan. « The race question in Oceania : A. B. Meyer and Otto Finsch between metropolitan theory and field experience, 1865-1914 ». Phd thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/151252.

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This thesis examines the written, visual and material records produced by two late nineteenth-century German traveller-naturalists in Oceania, Adolf Bernhard Meyer (1840-1911) and Otto Finsch (1839-1917). I probe these records for traces of Indigenous agency and discuss the impacts of their authors' personal encounters with actual Oceanian people on their understandings of human difference, locating this discussion within the context of racial science in late nineteenth-century Europe and the complex relationship between field experience and metropolitan publication and reception. By identifying countersigns of Indigenous agency embedded in Meyer's and Finsch' s representations of their experiences in Oceania, I trace the ways in which these experiences informed their contributions to broader debates in the European metropoles: the unity or plurality of the human species, the breadth of variation within supposedly homogeneous 'races' and the extent of overlap between them, the importance of field experience in the human sciences, the standardisation and mobilisation of travellers' observations for metropolitan audiences, and the relative worth of physical, cultural and linguistic data for taxonomic purposes. I interrogate the processes by which racial knowledge about Oceania's inhabitants was produced from the 'raw material' of encounters, the various forms in which this knowledge was embodied - scientific monographs and journal articles, public lectures, sketches, photographs, plaster casts (moulages) of human faces, collections of cranial and skeletal materials -and the extent to which field experience was permitted to confront or contradict metropolitan theories of race. I show that Meyer and Finsch experienced profound transformations in their beliefs about human difference, with respect both to manners and customs and to physical features, as a result of their encounters with actual people in Oceania. I conclude, however, that their ability to communicate these changes to influential colleagues in the metropole was limited by a rigid professional vocabulary, essentialist tools and technologies, and an epistemologically and ideologically unreceptive audience.

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