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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Zoologia medievale"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 10 de marzo de 2023

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1

Zonta, Mauro. "Mineralogy, Botany and Zoology in Medieval Hebrew Encyclopaedias." Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 6, no. 2 (1996): 263–315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957423900002216.

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There are three principal philosophical-scientific encyclopaedias written in Hebrew during the Middle Ages: Yehudah ha-Cohen'sMidrash ha-Ḥokmah(1245–1247), Shem Tov ibn Falaquera'sDe'ot ha-Filosofim(ca. 1270) and Gershon ben Shlomoh'sSha'ar ha-Shamayin(end of the 13th century). All three include detailed treatments of zoology, and the last two of botany and mineralogy as well. The principal feature of their treatments is their “theoretical” – not merely “descriptive” – approach: these encyclopaedias do not contain only lists of stones, plants and animals (such as other Arabic and Latin Medieval encyclopaedias), but also attempts at systematization and philosophical arrangement of the various available theories in the fields of mineralogy, botany and zoologyquasciences. An examination of the doctrines and the sources of these texts shows that, while the treatment of zoology relies upon Aristotle's zoological works and, above all, theirCompendiaby Averroes, the treatment of mineralogy and botany reflects the non-Aristotelian theories of theBrethren of Purity(Iḫwān al-Ṣafā'), rather than such texts as pseudo-Aristotle'sDe lapidibusand Nicolaus Damascenus'De plantis. In particular, Falaquera's encyclopaedia represents the most convincing effort to provide a truly scientific discussion of mineralogy and botany, comparable to that of his contemporary Albert the Great, and based upon theBrethren, Avicenna and, maybe, some lost works by Averroes.

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2

Dunphy, Graeme, Kenneth Kitchell, and Irven Michael Resnick. "Albertus Magnus 'On Animals': A Medieval 'Summa Zoologica'." Modern Language Review 98, no. 2 (2003): 500. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3737890.

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3

Fernández Izaguirre, Penélope Marcela. "“Sé bien toda natura” “Bien sé las qualidades de cad’un elemento”: tras las huellas de Plinio “El Viejo” y la Historia Natural en el Libro de Alexandre." Medievalia, no. 48 (June 24, 2017): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19130/medievalia.48.2016.319.

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El Libro de Alexandre expone, a su manera, temas sobre la naturaleza que en ocasiones son muy similares a los considerados científicos. Sin embargo, los eruditos del Medioevo no siempre heredan la sapiencia grecolatina en sus fuentes originales, pues, en la mayoría de los casos, ha sido imprescindible recurrir a otros textos que rescatan las investigaciones de Plinio y las adecúan a la Edad Media cristiana, por ejemplo, las Etimologías de San Isidoro de Sevilla. De forma que en este trabajo analizaré algunos de los episodios que nos lleven a identificar las nociones naturalistas de origen pliniano en el Libro de Alexandre. Para lo anterior me remitiré a dos de las disciplinas que integran el particular “quadrivium alexandrista”: la astronomía y las ciencias naturales (junto con sus vertientes, la zoología, la mineralogía y la geografía física).

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4

Provençal, Philippe. "MARINE BIOLOGICAL REPORT IN THE NUḪBAT AL-DAHR FĪ ʿAǦĀʾIB AL-BARR WA-AL-BAḤR". Arabic Sciences and Philosophy 24, № 1 (2014): 169–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0957423913000131.

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AbstractThe aim of this article is to present a medieval Arabic report regarding six animals from the Gulf of Aden, to provide a zoological identification of five of the animals in question, which may be identified, and to comment on the biological data provided by the report in the light of both contemporary and modern zoological knowledge and, thus, to evaluate the scientific standard of the report.

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5

Gavrilov-Zimin, I. A., and A. S. Kurochkin. "Millennial zoological mystery of medieval Persian scientists." Zoosystematica Rossica 28, no. 2 (2019): 201–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31610/zsr/2019.28.2.201.

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Great medieval scientist-polymath Abu Rayhan Al-Beruni (973–1050) wrote in his book “Pharmacognosy” about some kind of “worms” inhabiting willows in Azerbaijan and Southern Iran and used by native people for producing of a red dye. It was unclear during one thousand years which organisms Al-Beruni noted as those dye-producing “worms”. Some modern authors even suggested that the relevant medieval text was partly erroneous. To the contrary, in the present paper we, for the first time, consider some species of the felt scale insects (Coccinea: Eriococcidae) as the organisms, which have probably been used for the production of the red dye in the medieval countries of Western and Central Asia. These insects are several species from two closely related genera Acanthococcus Signoret, 1875 and Gossyparia Signoret, 1875. The review of biological characters, identification key, new figures and colour photographs are provided for the species of Acanthococcus and Gossyparia associated with Salix spp. in the Asiatic Region. Acanthococcus turanicus Matesova, 1967, syn. nov. is placed in synonymy with A. salicis (Borchsenius, 1938), and A. altaicus Matesova, 1967, syn. nov. is placed in synonymy with A. spiraeae Borchsenius, 1949. Earlier discovered synonymy of A. melnikensis (Hodgson et Trencheva, 2008) with A. aceris Signoret, 1875 is discussed. Some other dye-producing scale insects and their pigments are also briefly considered.

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6

Tkacz, Michael. "Albert the Great and the Revival of Aristotle's Zoological Research Program." Vivarium 45, no. 1 (2007): 30–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156853407x195105.

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AbstractAlthough Aristotle's zoological works were known in antiquity and during the early medieval period, the scientific research program discussed and exemplified therein disappeared after Theophrastus. After some fifteen hundred years, it reappears in the work of Albert the Great who extensively explains Aristotle's conception of a scientific research program and extends Aristotle's zoological researches. Evidence of Albert's Aristotelian commentaries shows that he clearly understood animals to represent a self-contained subject-genus, that the study of this subject-genus constitutes theoretical knowledge in an Aristotelian sense, that natural finality and suppositional necessity provide principles of zoological science, and that research into animals must be conducted according to a two-staged methodology of division and demonstration.

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7

Crook, John. "The Medieval Roof of Marwell Hall, Hampshire." Antiquaries Journal 73 (September 1993): 37–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003581500071675.

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Marwell Hall Hampshire (fig. I), N. G. Ref. SU 508217, stands in the middle of the well known Zoological Park, and now serves as the main administrative building of Marwell Preservation Trust. Until a few years ago, it was supposed that the house dated originally from the reign of Elizabeth I, though it had clearly been extensively refashioned in Tudor-Gothick style in the early nineteenth century; indeed Sir Nikolaus Pevsner (Pevsner and Lloyd 1967, 331) considered that the house had been completely built in the latter period.

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8

Gaziel, Ahuva. "Questions of Methodology in Aristotle’s Zoology: A Medieval Perspective." Journal of the History of Biology 45, no. 2 (2011): 329–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10739-011-9284-6.

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9

Makowiecki, Daniel. "Zwierzęce szczątki kostne z dawnego grodu w Dusinie, stanowisko 1, gm. Gostyń." Folia Praehistorica Posnaniensia 26 (December 30, 2021): 227–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/fpp.2021.26.08.

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This article presents the results of a specialist archaeozoological analysis of materials from an early medieval stronghold in Dusina, in southern Greater Poland. The examined bones come from millennium excavations and are a fragment of the collection obtained at that time. The remains were subjected to a description of zoological, anatomical and biological features, presenting the composition of individual taxa, as well as identifying traces on bones, indicating slaughtering activities and preferences in the selection of animal carcass parts

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10

Kvavadze, Eliso, Luara Rukhadze, Vakhtang Nikolaishvili, and Levan Mumladze. "Botanical and zoological remains from an early medieval grave at Tsitsamuri, Georgia." Vegetation History and Archaeobotany 17, S1 (2008): 217–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00334-008-0183-5.

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11

Pluskowski, Aleksander. "Narwhals or Unicorns? Exotic Animals as Material Culture in Medieval Europe." European Journal of Archaeology 7, no. 3 (2004): 291–313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461957104056505.

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Animals from distant lands fired the imaginations of people living in Europe throughout the Middle Ages. This is attested by a considerable wealth of iconographic and written material which has been explored from many perspectives, providing valuable insights into medieval western conceptualizations of the fringes of the known world and the otherness of exotica. However, the physical remains of non-indigenous species – both those recovered from archaeological contexts and extant in private collections – have generally been examined in isolation and rarely incorporated into a broader framework exploring the reception and utility of exotica. This article offers a new perspective on the topic by focusing on the zoological identity of non-indigenous animal body parts as ‘material culture’.

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12

Dunphy, Graeme. "Albertus Magnus 'On Animals': A Medieval 'Summa Zoologica' by Kenneth Kitchell, Jr., Irven Michael Resnick." Modern Language Review 98, no. 2 (2003): 500–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/mlr.2003.0085.

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13

Ron-Gilboa, Guy. "ʿAnqāʾ Mughrib: The Poetics of a Mythical Creature". Journal of Abbasid Studies 8, № 1 (2021): 75–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22142371-12340067.

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Abstract In early Arabic literature, ʿAnqāʾ Mughrib is the name of the quintessential mythical bird. The ʿAnqāʾ appears in a myriad of medieval sources of different genres: poetical, narrative, proverbial, scientific, philosophical, and mystical. This paper draws attention to the multiple ways in which this bird was represented and the functions it fulfilled in different literary contexts. It explores the intricate web of quotations, allusions, and literary innovations that facilitated its multifarious uses and re-uses. I explore the various manifestations of the ʿAnqāʾ to demonstrate the different and at times contradictory meanings ascribed to it and its diverse literary functions: as a creature of speculative zoology; as metaphor of scarcity or non-existence; as a metaphor of God; as a marker of fictionality; and more.

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14

Šedinová, Hana. "A parte ficta totum fictum: Fanciful Illustrations of Sea Animals in the Liber de natura rerum and Other Medieval Encyclopedias^*." Zeitschrift für Kunstgeschichte 85, no. 1 (2022): 13–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zkg-2022-1003.

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Abstract Six of the twenty books of Thomas of Cantimpré’s thirteenth-century Liber de natura rerum are devoted to zoology, and two of them contain descriptions of strange sea animals whose names are often hard to make sense of, both etymologically and semantically. Illuminators had to work with textual descriptions lacking essential information, and in many cases the encyplopedist himself made matters worse by focussing on the most bizarre and peculiar traits of animals encountered in his antique and medieval sources. Consequently, some of the illuminators produced images fanciful enough to make it look like they got carried away by their own imagination. However, a detailed comparison between text and image reveals that artists did their best to follow textual descriptions – it is the literal interpretation of their sources that often strikes us as unexpected and perplexing.

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15

Djurić Srejić, Marija. "Dental Paleopathology in a Serbian Medieval Population." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 59, no. 2 (2001): 113–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/59/2001/113.

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16

Tesi, Chiara, Ilaria Gorini, Elisabetta Bariatti, and Marta Licata. "Accessory sacroiliac joints and the iliosacral complex: two case studies from a medieval and post-medieval cemetery in northern Italy." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 79, no. 2 (2022): 221–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2021/1401.

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17

Hofmann, Maria Ines, Thomas Böni, Kurt W. Alt, Ulrich Woitek, and Frank J. Rühli. "Paleopathologies of the Vertebral Column in Medieval Skeletons." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 66, no. 1 (2008): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/aa/66/2008/1.

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18

Boldsen, Jesper L. "Leprosy in Medieval Denmark Osteological and epidemiological analyses." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 67, no. 4 (2009): 407–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0031.

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19

Vodolazkin, Evgeny G. "Archpriest Avvakum and the Modern Literary Process." Texts and History: Journal of Philological, Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies 4 (2020): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2020-4-18-25.

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The article demonstrates the similarity of some features of modern and medieval poetics, the latter being represented in the writings of Archpriest Avvakum. Vodolazkin analyzes methods of incorporating an “alien” text into an author's text and the scope of the concept of “reality” in relation to medieval and modern texts.

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20

DUBOIS, ALAIN. "The nomenclatural status of Hysaplesia, Hylaplesia, Dendrobates and related nomina (Amphibia, Anura), with general comments on zoological nomenclature and its governance, as well as on taxonomic databases and websites." Bionomina 11, no. 1 (2017): 1–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bionomina.11.1.1.

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Dozens of publications, mostly in the last 45 years, have been devoted to nomenclatural problems concerning the status of the zoological nomina Hysaplesia, Hylaplesia, Dendrobates and related nomina. The Commission finally voted on this case in 2009, but this vote shows a misunderstanding of several of the problems at stake, as it contains a double and contradictory decision: the change in the type species of Hysaplesia and its suppression, although one only of these two acts would have been necessary and sufficient to solve this case, whereas taking them both together has other unforeseen and negative nomenclatural consequences. A final comprehensive solution to these nomenclatural problems is presented here, which does not require any more action from the Commission. However, the fact that the Commission, as well as the whole international community, have proved to be unable to understand fully the nomenclatural problems at stake and to solve them truthfully, while ignoring deliberately some contributions to the discussion, calls attention. This case suggests that there is a strong risk that nomenclature might become a domain where intellectual fairness and competence are secondary and where problems are ‘solved’ through the medieval ‘Principle of Authority’, through relying on the ‘opinions’ of a few persons, committees or websites rather than on rational discussions based on a knowledge of taxonomic publications and an understanding of the Code. This course would result in dragging zoological nomenclature so to say outside the field of science and contribute to weakening still more a domain, taxonomy, which is already facing major problems, at the time of the crisis of biodiversity. Additional problems concerning taxonomic databases and websites are pointed out, and suggestions are offered in this respect, including the distinction between the concepts of ‘nomenclatural status’ and ‘taxonomic status’ of nomina.

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21

Fomichev, Sergei A. "VLADIMIR IVANOVICH DAL AND MEDIEVAL RUSSIAN LITERATURE." Texts and History Journal of Philological Historical and Cultural Texts and History Studies 2 (2022): 62–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2712-7591-2022-2-62-80.

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The topic of folklore in Vladimir Dal’s work is well studied. In contrast, the original and persistent connection of his work with the style, plots and genres of medieval and early modern Russian literature still remains unexplored. Plots of Dal’s first tales often followed popular lubok prints and books. They were published in large number of copies for that time and, for that matter, populated not only chivalric romances, but also the lives of saints and folk satire, like Dal’s “Tale of Shemyaka’s Judgement”. Dal’s tales made a strong impression with their virtuoso language and cascades of prefaces, where he usually used the stylistic device of amplification filled with everyday features. Dal was well acquainted with medieval manuscript books. As a result, his writings contain numerous echoes of medieval Russian texts, including The Tale of Igor’s Campaign. Among Dal’s writings there are also texts that especially correspond to genres of medieval Russian literature. Dal was the first to compose a systematically ordered monthly folk calendar and to use the Herbal and the Physiologus books in his lexicological research. Dal acknowledged that the study of twelfth-century texts written in Old East Slavic (Old Russian) strengthened his intention to compile the Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language. This work is no less important in the history of Russian culture than the legacy of Russian classics.

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22

Boldsen, Jesper L., Kaare Lund Rasmussen, Thomas Riis, Manuela Dittmar, and Svenja Weise. "Schleswig: Medieval leprosy on the boundary between Germany and Denmark." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 70, no. 3 (2013): 273–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2013/0318.

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23

Lang, J., S. Birkenbeil, S. Bock, R. Heinrich-Weltzien, and K. Kromeyer-Hauschild. "Dental enamel defects in German medieval and early-modern-age populations." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 73, no. 4 (2016): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2016/0617.

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24

Jasch, Isabelle, Antje Langer, Moritz Boley, et al. "Osseous Frame Index calculations of the early medieval South-West Germany." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 74, no. 5 (2018): 431–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2018/0822.

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25

Kelmelis, Kirsten Saige, and Dorthe Dangvard Pedersen. "Impact of urbanization on tuberculosis and leprosy prevalence in medieval Denmark." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 76, no. 2 (2019): 149–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2019/0962.

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26

von Steinsdorff, Katja, and Gisela Grupe. "Reconstruction of an Aquatic Food Web: Viking Haithabu vs. Medieval Schleswig." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 64, no. 3 (2006): 283–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/64/2006/283.

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27

Józsa, LászlóG Farkas. "Ankylosis of limb joints in a medieval cemetery from Batmonostor, Hungary." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 67, no. 3 (2009): 295–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0003-5548/2009/0034.

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28

Yapp, W. B. "Game-birds in medieval England." Ibis 125, no. 2 (2008): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1474-919x.1983.tb03100.x.

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29

Gamble, Julia A. "A life history approach to stature and body proportions in medieval Danes." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 77, no. 1 (2020): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2019/0951.

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30

Niemelä, Pekka, Timo Vuorisalo, and Simo Örmä. "Frederick II of Hohenstaufen and modern ecology." Natural History Sciences 8, no. 2 (2021): 65–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/nhs.2021.539.

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Emperor Frederick II’s early thirteenth-century book on falconry, De arte venandi cum avibus, is probably the most famous single source for scholars who survey the state-of-the-art in natural sciences in medieval times. Most of the research on his book has focused on the marginal illustrations featuring about 80 bird species. However, the book contains a large amount of ethological, ecological, morphological and faunistic knowledge about bird fauna. Frederick was also one of the first to conduct experiments with birds. Here, we describe the ornithological experiments and observations of Frederick and evaluate them from the perspective of modern ecology. In many contexts, Frederick expressed criticism of Aristotle and his work Liber Animalium. Frederick’s observation upon the geographical variation of species was partially in contrast to the Aristotelian typological or essentialist species concept. This is an important finding from the point of view of the western history of biology. De arte venandi cum avibus demonstrates Frederick’s deep knowledge of the ecology, morphology and behaviour of birds. This knowledge he gained via his long practice with falconry. The love of falconry made Frederick an early proponent of empiricism, and De arte venandi cum avibus was actually the most important achievement of empirical zoology in the thirteenth century.

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31

O'CONNOR, T. P. "Pets and pests in Roman and medieval Britain." Mammal Review 22, no. 2 (1992): 107–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2907.1992.tb00126.x.

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32

Kremeyer, Barbara, Susanne Hummel, and Bernd Herrmannm. "Frequency analysis of the ∆32ccr5 HIV resistance allele in a medieval Plague mass grave." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 63, no. 1 (2005): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/63/2005/13.

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33

Pankiewicz, Aleksandra, Krzysztof Jaworski, Aleksander Chrószcz, and Dominik Poradowski. "Dogs in the Wroclaw Stronghold, 2nd Half of the 10th–1st Half of the 13th Century (Lower Silesia, Poland)—An Zooarchaeological Overview." Animals 11, no. 2 (2021): 543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11020543.

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This article pertains to the issue of early medieval dogs (10th–mid-13th century) from the territory of Poland and Central Europe. The study is based on dog remains from the Wroclaw Cathedral Island (Ostrów Tumski), one of the most important administrative centres of early medieval Poland, the capital of a secular principality and the seat of diocese authorities. The main morphological and functional types of dogs living in Wroclaw and other parts of Poland were characterized on that basis. It has been concluded that the roles and perceptions of dogs were very ambiguous. On the one hand, they were hunting companionship for the elite and were considered a symbol of devotion and loyalty. On the other hand, dogs symbolised disgrace. In everyday life, these animals were sometimes abused, their skin was sometimes tanned and their bones modified into tools, and in exceptional cases, dogs were even eaten.

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34

Slavin, Philip. "Chicken Husbandry in Late-Medieval Eastern England:c.1250–1400." Anthropozoologica 44, no. 2 (2009): 35–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/az2009n2a2.

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35

Girotto, Chiara G. M., and Tina Jakob. "The influence of war on population-based fracture distribution patterns: An example from medieval England." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 76, no. 3 (2019): 211–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2019/0875.

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36

Myszka, Anna, Dawid Trzciński, and Jacek Tomczyk. "“Bone former” hypothesis based on the selected medieval and early modern skeletal population from Poland." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 77, no. 1 (2020): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2019/1004.

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37

Skipitytė, Raminta, Kerstin Lidén, Gunilla Eriksson, et al. "Diet patterns in medieval to early modern (14th–early 20th c.) coastal communities in Lithuania." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 77, no. 4 (2020): 299–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2020/1092.

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38

Kriesel, G. "Differences of the reconstructed stature in an early Medieval population depending on Pearson's regression equations." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 56, no. 1 (1998): 69–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/56/1998/69.

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39

Pariset, L., F. Gabbianelli, D. De Bernardis, et al. "Ancient DNA: genomic amplification of Roman and medieval bovine bones." Italian Journal of Animal Science 6, sup1 (2007): 179–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2007.1s.179.

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40

Sanzhenakov, A. A. "Intentionality in the Middle Ages: Thomas Aquinas, Duns Scotus, William of Ockham." Siberian Journal of Philosophy 19, no. 4 (2022): 117–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2541-7517-2021-19-4-117-135.

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The article presents an overview of medieval approaches to understanding the phenomenon of intentionality. First, the author outlines the approach of Thomas Aquinas, according to which the process of cognition consists in assimilating the intellect to the object of cognition. This theory insists that there is no difference between the form of a real object, thanks to which it exists, and the form of this object in the mind of the cognizing subject. Duns Scotus makes this picture more sophisticated when he begins to distinguish in the mind the sensory image of the cognized thing (phantasma) and the intelligible representation (species) of this thing. William of Ockham, on the other hand, refuses to introduce any additional entities between the object of knowledge and the mind of the knower. This rejection, together with the nominalism, led to the emergence of the concept of mental language, in which there is no place for signs connecting thought and object, instead, a direct connection between the spoken word and the corresponding mental words is postulated. In conclusion, the author considers the problem of the justification and legitimacy of the discovery of proto-phenomenological concepts in medieval philosophy.

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41

Ferrando Simón, Mireia. "Joan Fuster i el ‘Tirant lo Blanc’." REVISTA VALENCIANA DE FILOLOGIA 6, no. 6 (2022): 53–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.28939/rvf.v6.175.

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Joan Fuster es va interessar per la novel·la medieval Tirant lo Blanc al llarg de totala seua vida. A pesar d’això, no va recollir en un llibre totes les seues aportacions sobre eltema. L’objectiu d’aquest article és reunir i examinar totes aquestes contribucions esparses al’estudi del clàssic fetes per Fuster; unes contribucions que prioritzen l’anàlisi de la recepcióde l’obra, tant en la seua època com en les posteriors.

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Pietruszka, Marta, and Jerzy Piekalski. "Wild Mammals in the Economy of Wrocław (Poland) as an Example of a Medieval and Modern Era City in the Light of Interdisciplinary Research." Animals 11, no. 9 (2021): 2562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11092562.

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The purpose of this article was to determine the role of wild animals in the economy of a historical city on the basis of archaeological and cultural layers of medieval and early modern Wrocław from the 11th to the 17th century. Archaeozoological analyses were applied, mainly encompassing the percentage share of particular animal species and the research of material culture, i.e., items manufactured from bones, antlers and hides of wild animals. The collected data were compared with written sources. As a result of the following analysis, a low but stable frequency of bone remains in urban layers and is evidence for occasional breaching of the medieval hunting laws by burghers, possibly driven by the opportunity to sell meat and other wild animal products on the markets. Moreover, the relatively low amounts of items made from bones, antlers and wild animal leather may indicate low availability or seasonality (shed antler) of the materials, which might have indirectly raised the product price. Additionally, the area around Wrocław did not feature large forest complexes, which are habitats of wild game, thus explaining the low frequency of wild animal remains in the archaeozoological material.

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McMunn, Meradith T. "Parrots and Poets in Late Medieval Literature." Anthrozoös 12, no. 2 (1999): 68–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/089279399787000345.

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Brito, Cristina. "Medieval and Early Modern Whaling in Portugal." Anthrozoös 24, no. 3 (2011): 287–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.2752/175303711x13045914865303.

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Graff, Anna, Emma Bennion-Pedley, Ariadin K. Jones, et al. "A comparative study of parasites in three latrines from Medieval and Renaissance Brussels, Belgium (14th–17th centuries)." Parasitology 147, no. 13 (2020): 1443–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031182020001298.

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AbstractThe aim of this study is to determine the species of parasite that infected the population of Brussels during the Medieval and Renaissance periods, and determine if there was notable variation between different households within the city. We compared multiple sediment layers from cesspits beneath three different latrines dating from the 14th–17th centuries. Helminths and protozoa were detected using microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We identified Ascaris sp., Capillaria sp., Dicrocoelium dendriticum, Entamoeba histolytica, Fasciola hepatica, Giardia duodenalis, Taenia sp. and Trichuris sp. in Medieval samples, and continuing presence of Ascaris sp., D. dendriticum, F. hepatica, G. duodenalis and Trichuris sp. into the Renaissance. While some variation existed between households, there was a broadly consistent pattern with the domination of species spread by fecal contamination of food and drink (whipworm, roundworm and protozoa that cause dysentery). These data allow us to explore diet and hygiene, together with routes for the spread of fecal–oral parasites. Key factors explaining our findings are manuring practices with human excrement in market gardens, and flooding of the polluted River Senne during the 14th–17th centuries.

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46

Jarzęcka-Stąporek, Joanna, and Alicja Drozd-Lipińska. "Mass graves of plague and decapitation victims from late medieval and early modern cemetery in Gdańsk, Poland." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 79, no. 3 (2022): 263–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/2021/1462.

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Ovchinnikov, I. V., O. I. Ovtchinnikova, E. B. Druzina, A. P. Buzhilova, and N. A. Makarov. "Molecular genetic sex determination of Medieval human remains from North Russia: Comparison with archaeological and anthropological criteria." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 56, no. 1 (1998): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/56/1998/7.

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48

Faber, Astrid, Heide Hornig, Bettina Jungklaus, and Carsten Niemitz. "Age Structure and Selected Pathological Aspects of a Series of Skeletons of Late Medieval Bernau (Brandenburg, Germany)." Anthropologischer Anzeiger 61, no. 2 (2003): 189–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/anthranz/61/2003/189.

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49

ROSELLÓ-IZQUIERDO, EUFRASIA, EDUARDO GONZÁLEZ-GÓMEZ DE AGÜERO, CARLOS FERNÁNDEZ-RODRÍGUEZ, LAURA LLORENTE-RODRÍGUEZ, and ARTURO MORALES-MUÑIZ. "medieval fisheries of Galicia (Northwestern Iberia): A preliminary archaeozoological overview." Archaeofauna 30 (October 11, 2021): 155–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15366/archaeofauna2021.30.008.

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The origin and development of the Iberian Medieval fisheries is a poorly documented phenomenon both from the standpoint of historical (documentary) and material (archaeological) evidence. Such dearth of knowledge can be explained in terms of proximal (i.e., a deficient retrieval of fish remains) and ultimate causes. Among the latter, the Muslim invasion, that lasted ca. 800 years of the “medieval millennium” in the Iberian Peninsula, needs to be taken into account as it probably delayed the development of fishing fleets within the Christian kingdoms for a substantial period of time. Be it as it may, the lack of knowledge does not allow one to explore a range of critical issues of Spanish and Portuguese history, such as the role played by the ever-expanding fishing fleets of Portugal and Castilla in the process of maritime discovery and colonization that these two kingdoms fostered by the end of the Middle Ages. In this paper, the results from a comparative analysis of selected fish assemblages from primary (i.e. coastal) deposits of the northern Iberian shores are presented. The aim is to check whether changes can be documented both at the level of (1) the range of species occurring in sites from the late Iron Age (Castreña culture, IV-I BC) to the Late Middle Ages (XV AD), and (2) the skeletal spectra of certain species that could reveal a differential processing of taxa meant for local consumption and those that appear in inland sites.

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Schweickard, Wolfgang. "Bestiari tardoantichi e medievali. I testi fondamentali della zoologia sacra cristiana, ed. Francesco Zambon, con la collaborazione di Roberta Capelli, Silvia Cocco, Claudia Cremonini, Manuela Sanson e Massimo Villa, Firenze, Bompiani, 2018, 2449 p." Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 135, no. 1 (2019): 304–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2019-0014.

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