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Lyubyshkina, Irina. "Spenglish as a modern linguistic phenomenon in the USA". PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS, n.º 36 (2019): 170–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2019.36.13.
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Some native Spanish speakers speak a little English, while others are confident biliguals, speaking both languages at a relatively equal level. Some are able to understand Spanish, but speak with considerable difficulties, while others are unlikely to understand or speak Spanish. All potential combinations between Spanish and English are possible. The heterogeneity in the command and use of Spanish is partly due to the development of an interlingual dialect, commonly known as Spanglish, a mixture of Spanish and English, found in an oral speech of Spanish and Latin American communities in the United States. The article is devoted to the analysis of the Spanglish language phenomenon existed in the United States of America as a mean of oral communication. In the article are investigated social reasons for the appearance of Spanglish as well as the usage in the speech and its identification in the world today. The subtypes and structure of the language phenomenon are described in accordance with the types of speakers, their place of residence and the adaptation of lexical units at the phonetic, morphological and lexical levels of the language.
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Klochko, E. A. "Congress of the Spanish Language in Cádiz". Cuadernos Iberoamericanos 11, n.º 2 (18 de julio de 2023): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.46272/2409-3416-2023-11-2-205-212.
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More than 300 scholars and experts from the Spanish-speaking world took part in the IX International Congress of the Spanish Language held in Cádiz from 27 to 30 March 2023. Special attention was paid to the indigenous languages of Latin America and the Caribbean. The participants emphasized the importance of preserving the languages and traditions of indigenous nations of the region, which contributes to the preservation of cultural heritage and strengthens the relationship between Spain and Latin America. During the Congress, the emergence of such phenomena as Spanglish and Portuñol and linguistic perspectives in the era of artificial intelligence and social media were discussed. The scholars emphasized an indisputable role of the Spanish language in uniting cultures and peoples on both sides of the Atlantic.
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Ortega, Pilar, Kevin C. Tan, Josh Prada y Yoon Soo Park. "Medical Student and Faculty Attitudes Toward Translanguaging with Spanish-Speaking Patients". Journal of the National Hispanic Medical Association 2, n.º 1 (15 de abril de 2024): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.59867/nhma0301.
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Background: Spanish is the second most common US language, and Spanish speakers commonly translanguage—spontaneously integrate multiple languages. Medical language courses have proliferated, yet learner and faculty attitudes about translanguaging with patients remain unexplored. Also, it is unclear whether medical Spanish courses address real-world patient linguistic practices, such as translanguaging. Methods: We applied a community cultural wealth framework to identify translanguaging practices relevant to patient-physician communication: regionalisms, Spanglish, and non-standard language usage. From January 2020 to May 2021, we surveyed students (n=355) and faculty (n=14) in a standardized medical Spanish course at 14 sites on their attitudes toward translanguaging practices. Results: Regionalisms were the most widely accepted translanguaging practice by both students and faculty, and this opinion was reinforced by the course (94% pre vs. 95% post-course agreement; p=0.045). Student agreement with Spanglish was moderate and declined post-course (58% vs. 55%; p<0.001). Faculty were likelier than students to be accepting of non-standard language usage (57% faculty vs. 5% students; p<0.001). Conclusion: Medical students and faculty reported mixed attitudes about translanguaging practices in healthcare, and taking a medical Spanish course had variable effects on student responses. Future work should focus on developing and evaluating medical Spanish educational pedagogies that explicitly incorporate real-world patient perspectives and promote flexible language use that prioritizes mutual respect and understanding.
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Mar-Molinero, Clare. "Spanish as a world language". Spanish in Context 1, n.º 1 (8 de marzo de 2004): 3–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.1.1.03mar.
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The article traces the spread of Spanish across the globe, highlighting the changing nature of this spread, from indicator of local dominance to colonisation, and then, today, globalisation. This article focuses on the role of Spanish in an era of globalisation, raising issues about the nature of a world or global language, and noting how the emergence of such languages mirrors the decrease of a wider linguistic diversity. It seeks to answer such questions as whether Spanish can be called a global language or instead only an international one. It suggests various tests that should be applied in order to consider what constitutes a global language. I will conclude by speculating on the future spread and role of Spanish, particularly in the U.S. and in its interaction with English.
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Díaz-Campos, Manuel, Juan M. Escalona Torres y Valentyna Filimonova. "Sociolinguistics of the Spanish-Speaking World". Annual Review of Linguistics 6, n.º 1 (14 de enero de 2020): 363–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030547.
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This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of Spanish sociolinguistics and discusses several areas, including variationist sociolinguistics, bilingual and immigrant communities, and linguistic ethnography. We acknowledge many recent advances and the abundant research on several classic topics, such as phonology, morphosyntax, and discourse-pragmatics. We also highlight the need for research on understudied phenomena and emphasize the importance of combining both quantitative and ethnographic methodologies in sociolinguistic research. Much research on Spanish has shown that the language's wide variation across the globe is a reflection of Spanish-speaking communities’ rich sociohistorical and demographic diversity. Yet, there are many areas where research is needed, including bilingualism in indigenous communities, access to bilingual education, attitudes toward speakers of indigenous languages, and language maintenance and attrition. Language policy, ideology, and use in the legal and health care systems have also become important topics of sociolinguistics today as they relate to issues of human rights.
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Balteiro, Isabel. "When Spanish owns English words". English Today 28, n.º 1 (marzo de 2012): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078411000605.
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The English language and the Internet, both separately and taken together, are nowadays well-acknowledged as powerful forces which influence and affect the lexico-grammatical characteristics of other languages world-wide. In fact, many authors like Crystal (2004) have pointed out the emergence of the so-called Netspeak, that is, the language used in the Net or World Wide Web; as Crystal himself (2004: 19) puts it, ‘a type of language displaying features that are unique to the Internet […] arising out of its character as a medium which is electronic, global and interactive’. This ‘language’, however, may be differently understood: either as an adaptation of the English language proper to internet requirements and purposes, or as a new and rapidly-changing and developing language as a result of a rapid evolution or adaptation to Internet requirements of almost all world languages, for whom English is a trendsetter. If the second and probably most plausible interpretation is adopted, there are three salient features of ‘Netspeak’: (a) the rapid expansion of all its new linguistic developments thanks to the Internet itself, which may lead to the generalization and widespread acceptance of new words, coinages, or meanings, hundreds of times faster than was the case with the printed media. As said above, (b) the visible influence of English, the most prevalent language on the Internet. Consequently, (c) this new language tends to reduce the ‘distance’ between English and other languages as well as the ignorance of the former by speakers of other languages, since the ‘Netspeak’ version of the latter adopts grammatical, syntactic and lexical features of English. Thus, linguistic differences may even disappear when code-switching and/or borrowing occurs, as whole fragments of English appear in other language contexts. As a consequence of the new situation, an ideal context appears for interlanguage or multilingual word formation to thrive: puns, blends, compounds and word creativity in general find in the web the ideal place to gain rapid acceptance world-wide, as a result of fashion, coincidence, or sheer merit of the new linguistic proposals.
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Quesada Pacheco, Miguel Ángel. "Actitudes lingüísticas de los hispanohablantes hacia su propia lengua: nuevos alcances". Zeitschrift für romanische Philologie 135, n.º 1 (4 de marzo de 2019): 158–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zrp-2019-0004.
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Abstract Most research works on language attitudes, which have been done within the Hispanic world, deal with issues where Spanish is usually confronted with other languages (American Indian languages, Catalan, Valencian, Galician, Equatorial Guinean languages, English, etc.), or about attitudes in some Spanish-speaking countries with respect to other varieties of Spanish, both in the Americas and Spain. However, a global, comprehensive study, which would include all Spanish speaking countries, and which would assess their attitudes, beliefs and prejudices equally, was missing, so that it would have been possible to count for a thorough and at the same time comparative study about how Spanish speakers evaluate not only their own speech, but the speech of others around them. The present study describes in broad strokes the most recent research and their new contributions in the Spanish-speaking world.
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Iovenko, V. A. "School of Spanish". MGIMO Review of International Relations, n.º 5(38) (28 de octubre de 2014): 231–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2071-8160-2014-5-38-231-233.
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Spanish language was among foreign languages, studied at MGIMO from its inception. Maria Luisa Gonzalez Vincens was at the origin of the establishment of the School of Spanish language at MGIMO. She as a philologist, belonging to humanitarian tradition. She studied at the University of Madrid with Luis Bunuel, Federico Garcia Lorca and Salvador Dali, and communicated with people who later became the glory and pride of the world culture. The increased role of the Spanish language in international contacts required the creation of the separate Department of Spanish Language at MGIMO. Since 2002, the Department of Spanish Language separated from the Department of Roman Languages and is teaching students of all Departments and at all stages of educating at MGIMO, including almost all masters programs. It is hard to imagine successful language learning without the understanding of a broad cultural context. This is why the Department supports the Spanish theater for more than 20 years. Currently, the Department is headed by of professor, Doctor of Philology Valery Iovenko. The Department staff includes more than 45 teachers who successfully address new educational and scientific objectives, creating teaching materials, fully adapted to the new educational standards.
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Kalt, Susan E. "Spanish as a second language when L1 is Quechua: Endangered languages and the SLA researcher". Second Language Research 28, n.º 2 (abril de 2012): 265–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658311426844.
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Spanish is one of the most widely spoken languages in the world. Quechua is the largest indigenous language family to constitute the first language (L1) of second language (L2) Spanish speakers. Despite sheer number of speakers and typologically interesting contrasts, Quechua–Spanish second language acquisition is a nearly untapped research area, due to the marginalization of Quechua-speaking people. This review considers contributions to the field of second language acquisition gleaned from studying the grammars of Quechua speakers who learn Spanish as well as monolingual Quechua and Spanish speakers in the contact area. Contribution to the documentation and revitalization of the Quechua languages is discussed as an ethical and scientific imperative.
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Baeva, Ekaterina Igorevna. "The Comparison of Mimic Phraseological Units Based on Italian and Spanish Material". Litera, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2022): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2022.12.39351.
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The article discusses the semantic features of mimic phraseological units of Italian and Spanish and their use to characterize communicative behavior. The classification of sign phraseological units of the Italian and Spanish languages according to functional and semantic criteria is given. The methods of linguistic expression of visual communication that reflect the inner sphere of a person in the Italian and Spanish language picture of the world are presented. For the first time, an attempt was made to conduct a comparative study of mimic phraseological units on the material of two closely related languages using a comparative method. The analysis showed that the mimic phraseological units found in Spanish and Italian have a large number of identical equivalents. The article discusses the semantic features of mimic phraseological units of Italian and Spanish and their use to characterize communicative behavior. The classification of sign phraseological units of the Italian and Spanish languages according to functional and semantic criteria is given. The methods of linguistic expression of visual communication that reflect the inner sphere of a person in the Italian and Spanish language picture of the world are presented. For the first time, an attempt was made to conduct a comparative study of mimic phraseological units on the material of two closely related languages using a comparative method. The analysis showed that the mimic phraseological units found in Spanish and Italian have a large number of identical equivalents.
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Jatuten, Wissaraporn, Fuangket Tongwanchai y Darikarn Kotchana. "Factors that Influence The Learning of The Spanish Language of English Program Students in Satri Suksa Roi Et School". Pattimura Excellence Journal of Language and Culture 2, n.º 2 (30 de diciembre de 2022): 151–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.30598/pejlac.v2.i2.pp151-160.
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Especially in the last ten years, Spanish has become a more popular language among secondary and high school students in Thailand. This study aims to investigate the motivations, i.e., the internal and external factors that influence secondary and high school English program students who choose to study Spanish as a foreign language. Thirty-six English program students from Satri Suksa Roi Et School who were studying Spanish as a foreign language participated in the survey. The findings showed that their motivations of learning Spanish, both intrinsic and extrinsic, is moderate (58%). In comparison, the intrinsic motivations play a more important role than the extrinsic (61.8% vs. 54.2%). The most important internal factors that influence the students are that they want to communicate and read in Spanish and that they think that Spanish is one of the most important languages in the world. The external factor that is most often selected is that they would like to travel to countries where people speak Spanish. In conclusion, both secondary school and high school students are interested in studying Spanish because they would like to be able to communicate in Spanish and they recognize that it is one of the important languages in the world. However, according to the results, some external factors, related to Hispanic culture and media (including social media) in Spanish, were not so important as we expected.
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Hudgens Henderson, Mary, Miho Nagai y Weidong Zhang. "What languages do undergraduates study, and why?" Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 5, n.º 1 (25 de marzo de 2020): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v5i1.4704.
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Language attitudes and motivations are among the most important factors in language acquisition that condition the language learning outcomes. College students enrolled in first-semester and second-semester courses of Chinese, Japanese, and Spanish at a Midwest American university completed a survey eliciting instrumental motivations, integrative motivations, and language attitudes. The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions the learners of that language(s) held and how their language attitudes and motivations correlate with specific world languages. There was strong interest in using Chinese and Spanish for careers, while participants in Japanese were more interested in using the language for personal enjoyment. American-raised participants take Spanish and Asian-raised students take Chinese and Japanese for much the same reasons, in that they perceive the languages to be easy. Implications for world language programs recruitment are discussed, along with what world language educators can do to take advantage of these pre-existing attitudes and motivations to deliver high quality instruction beyond simply grammar.
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Valdeón, Roberto A. "Embedding Anglocentric Perceptions of the World: The Falklands-Malvinas Binomial in the News". Meta 56, n.º 1 (26 de mayo de 2011): 63–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1003510ar.
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This paper aims to examine the clash between languages and cultures as identified in the treatment of news events, with particular reference to the Falklands, or Malvinas in their Spanish denomination, in British and Spanish Internet news portals. English, as a global language, and Spanish, as its main European rival, exemplify a conflict between two languages and cultures that attempt to achieve or maintain world dominance, a battle that has been taken to the Internet arena in recent years. Thus,El Paísnewspaper launched an English version for their Internet readers whereas the BBC produced a Spanish version of its English news service.The conflict between the two languages is decisive when reporting on highly sensitive areas in each culture, such as the issue of Gibraltar’s sovereignty or the news events originating in or around the Falkland Islands. The paper pays particular attention to the latter and the way in which translation is embedded within or is part of the conflict itself. For that purpose, the paper surveys the reports posted in the Spanish news web sitesAbc,El País,andEl Mundo, on the one hand, and the English portals ofThe Guardian,The Times,Daily Telegraph,The Independentand the BBC on the other. The results will be compared with the translated news in the English edition ofEl Paísand in the Spanish version of the BBC (BBCMundo) respectively to determine the position of the two media with regards to this issue.
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Pohlod, H. Ya. "THE CULTURAL AND ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE SPANISH". PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word, n.º 3(55) (12 de abril de 2019): 192–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2019-3(55)-192-197.
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The purpose of the publication is to study cultural, literary and economic significance of the Spanish. Spanish is the second most spoken language in the world. More than 550 million people around the world speak Spanish, some 7.6 % of the global population. It is the official language of 21 countries. Undoubtedly, the Spanish language is a means of acquiring knowledge, an element of identification in Hispanic countries. The challenge is to strengthen and seek strategies in different areas in order to legitimize it.
In 1492, Antonio de Nebrija published a book called «Grammar of the Castilian Language» (Gramática Castellana de Antonio Nebrija). In the prologue, the scholar defined the Spanish language the way it could endure and flourish in centuries to come. Thanks to Antonio Nebrija, the Spanish language is the first modern language in the world, which was already established and taken for granted 5 centuries ago. The Royal Spanish Academy along with the Association of Spanish Language Academies have regulated the Spanish language and established common rules for the entire Spanish-speaking world.
There are following peculiarities of the Spanish language:
the most united among the major languages of the world;
fast-growing Spanish-speaking population, including native speakers and those studying Spanish as a second language, as well as users of the web pages;
growing cultural influence: 12 laureates of the Nobel Prize literature (6 Spaniards, 2 Chileans, 1 Mexican, 1 Peruvian, 1 Colombian and 1 Guatemalan);
growing use of Spanish in the United States, driven primarily by Hispanic immigration to the territory, belonging to the Spaniards in ancient times;
growing economy of the Spanish-speaking countries.
The Language is about economic prosperity: the more people use it, the more valuable it becomes. If a common language is used in negotiations, then transaction costs are reduced. In this respect, Spanish is the key to the successful conduct and control of negotiations, as well as a means of management that facilitates international trade.
It's not about competing with the English language. It about improving the international status of the Spanish language, which requires strengthening in international diplomacy, science and technology.
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Zhang, Hanwen. "A Comparison Analysis of Spanish Phonological System and English Phonological System". Communications in Humanities Research 21, n.º 1 (7 de diciembre de 2023): 97–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/21/20231430.
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Nowadays, a total of 580 million people speak Spanish in the world, and over the years, Spanish has become a worldwide language spoken by millions. As there is an increasing number of English learners around the globe who speak Spanish as well, it is worthwhile to study the benefits and the obstacles during the learning process. However, most of the study existed focus on the pronunciation and dialects of Spanish and English, and there are few studies focus on the phonological system analysis of both languages. In this research, the phonological systems of Spanish and English are briefly reviewed. By comparing the vowels and consonants in both languages, it highlights the differences and challenges that learners may face when learning Spanish and English phonology. The characteristics of the two languages are highly different, despite the fact that they share a few other phonological patterns and many phonemes, such as vowel sounds, consonant sounds, sentence structure, and sentence stress. This study also emphasizes the importance of practice and understanding these distinctions to improve pronunciation and communication skills in both languages.
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Mohamed Hashim Mohesan, Asst Prof. "Expressions of probability in Spanish language and their translation into Arabic (Empirical study)". لارك 2, n.º 50 (30 de junio de 2023): 629–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/lark.vol2.iss50.3034.
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The probability is considered one of the grammatical cases in all languages of the world. Expressions of probability in Spanish language are expressed by various structures, expressions and some verb tenses. By this study explains the grammatical cases, the verbal periphrases, the impersonal expressions, the future tenses (simple and perfect) and the conditional mode of probability in Spanish language .We have explains these cases in detail with examples that have extracted from various spanish grammar books .The specific objective of this study is to know the resources and constructions of probability in Spanish language and their translation in Arabic language.
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Kossarik, M. A. "The treatise on the history of spanish by B. de Aldrete (1606) as the first textbook of romance philology". Philology at MGIMO 6, n.º 4 (28 de diciembre de 2020): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24833/2410-2423-2020-4-24-135-145.
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The paper analyses the role of B. de Aldrete’s treatise “Del Origen y principio de la lengua castellana o romance que oi se usa en España” (1606) in the development of Romance philology. The XVII-century author writes about the most important aspects of internal and external history of Spanish, such as: pre-Romance Spain and substratum languages; Roman conquest and romanization; Hispanic Latin; German conquests of Spain; Arabic conquest and the Reconquista; formation of kingdoms in the north and state-building processes; sociolinguistic situation in Spain; the role of Spanish in the New World; changes from Latin to Spanish in phonetics and morphology; sources of Spanish lexis; early written texts; territorial, social, functional variation of Spanish. Apart from the aspects of Spanish philology, B. de Aldrete pays attention to the formation and functioning of Pyrenean languages: Catalan, Galician, and Portuguese. However, B. de Aldrete does not limit himself to examining Ibero-Romance languages. Many aspects of the history of Spanish are shown against a wider, Romance background, bearing in mind the earlier tradition (the Antiquity, in the first place). He also confronts Spanish with other Romance languages and Latin. The analysis of the first treatise on the history of Spanish makes one reconsider B. de Aldrete’s contribution to the development of language description models and the bases of Romance philology. The treatise sets up a model of Romance philology as a full-fledged philological discipline.
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Wasserman-Soler, Daniel I. "Comparing the New World and the Old: Fray Juan Bautista and the Languages of the Spanish Monarchy". Journal of Early Modern History 25, n.º 3 (25 de mayo de 2021): 227–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700658-bja10018.
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Abstract Born in New Spain, fray Juan Bautista Viseo (b. 1555) authored perhaps a dozen books in Nahuatl, Castilian, and Latin, making him one of the most prolific writers of the colonial period in Mexico. While many are lost, his available texts provide a valuable window into religious conversion efforts in the Spanish monarchy around 1600. This paper investigates his recommendations regarding how priests and members of religious orders ought to use indigenous languages. In the sixteenth-century Spanish territories, Church and Crown officials discussed language strategies on several fronts. This paper also compares Juan Bautista’s ideas about language use in Mexico to similar discussions elsewhere in the Spanish kingdoms. Existing scholarship has highlighted parallels in how the Spanish monarchy dealt with Native American and Islamic communities. However, an examination of Juan Bautista’s writing, together with that of contemporary churchmen, suggests fundamental differences in the ways that Spanish officials thought about and approached Amerindians and Moriscos.
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Shreve, Jack, Mike Gonzalez, Liz Kettle y Maria Elena Placencia. "Suenos: World Spanish". Hispania 80, n.º 4 (diciembre de 1997): 808. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/345091.
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Degler, Janusz. "Witkacy around the World". Tekstualia 1, n.º 2 (2 de enero de 2014): 105–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5944.
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Fifty years have passed since the publication of the first translations of Witkiewicz. Today, the number of translations and the languages in which his work functions is more than impressive. Plays, novels, theoretical dissertations, and philosophical treatises have been translated into 25 languages: English, Arabic, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, Greek, Spanish, Dutch, Japanese, German, Norwegian, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovenian, Spanish, Swedish, Ukrainian, Hungarian and Italian. There have been over three hundred productions in twenty-six countries and sixteen exhibitions of paintings, portraits and photographs have been organized in ten countries. There are several factors that have turned out to be decisive for Witkiewicz’s international fame.
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Yao, Junming. "F 0 declination of intonation groups in Spanish and in Mandarin Chinese". Prosodic Issues in Language Contact Situations 16, n.º 3 (31 de diciembre de 2019): 523–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00049.yao.
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Abstract Mandarin Chinese and Spanish are the first two languages in the world by number of speakers. The interaction between speakers and thus between the two languages increases day by day. There are more and more Chinese students who study Spanish and Spanish students who study Chinese. At the same time, difficulties arise from the teaching-learning process, particularly with regard to phonetics, and more specifically the intonation, as they are two typologically-different languages. However, there exist very few comparative studies between them. This article seeks to explore the global declination of intonation groups in Spanish and Mandarin Chinese and we found similarities and differences between these two languages. To do this, we created a corpus of 278 isolated and unmarked sentences and 140 neutral paragraphs in Mandarin Chinese (totally 651 sentences), while in Spanish we used data from previous studies. The corpus was recorded by nine native speakers, three men and six women. We approached this study from a phonetic point of view and used the Garrido model (Garrido 1996, 2001, 2010) to compare the declination effect on the two languages according to different factors such as sentence type, the position of the intonation group within the utterance and length of the group. We also proposed for future study some possible methods for teaching Chinese and Spanish intonation as a second language.
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Shuliateva, Eleonora V. "LINGUISTIC GLOBALIZATION PROCESSES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MODERN SPANISH LANGUAGE POLICY". Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem 15, n.º 3 (30 de noviembre de 2023): 97–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2023-15-3-97-107.
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The article examines the phenomenon of globalization and its impact on the language policy of Spain. The processes of neologization underlying the Spanish language policy are analyzed. It is shown how, in the conditions of the dominant role of the English language, the national languages of Spain resist external pressure in the form of Anglicisms.
Purpose. The purpose of the study is a theoretical and practical study of the influence of factors of linguistic globalization on the official languages of Spain.
Materials and methods. The texts of modern periodicals of Spain (El País, El Mundo, El ABC, LA Vanguardia) and the data of the explanatory dictionary of the Spanish Academy (Diccionario Real Academia Española) served as practical material for the study. To achieve the purpose of the study, the following methods were applied: analysis of scientific literature, continuous sampling method, method dictionary definitions, descriptive method.
Results. As a result of the study, it was revealed that Spanish national languages, influenced by the factors of linguistic globalization and the English language dominating in the international arena, are changing the familiar picture of the world in all spheres of life of modern Spanish society. The analysis of the data obtained showed that the Spanish language policy is not effective enough in the context of the current processes of linguistic globalization. Despite the active resistance to foreign-language borrowings and neologisms of foreign origin, Spanish language policy institutes do not have time to develop appropriate traditional equivalents.
Practical implications. The results of the study can be used in lecture courses on lexicology, lexicography, and linguistics, as well as in practical classes on the lexicology of the Spanish language.
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Velarde Lombraña, Julián. "El Español en los proyectos de lengua universal". Historiographia Linguistica 27, n.º 1 (29 de mayo de 2000): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.27.1.05vel.
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Summary ‘One language for the world’ is the most perennial ideal in the history of humanity. Projects for a universal language have been multifarious. Its design typically depends on the dominant linguistic theories of the period in which such languages are conceived. The project by Bonifacio Sotos Ochando (1785–1869) of 1852 can be considered as the highest point reached by the tradition which harks back to the 17th century and tries to develop what is known as a ‘philosophical’ language or characteristica universalis. From 1860 onwards the projects for a universal language are, in general, a posteriori linguistic systems which look at historical grammars and languages in search for general principles and universal rules. Languages used for the design of such a posteriori projects are, for political and cultural reasons, European languages, mainly Romance languages. In this paper the focus is on Spanish. First, a classification of international language projects of is offered that, in some way, use Spanish. Second, the growing of Spanish language in the USA and its relationships with English is analysed. Third, the influence on Spanish by new technologies of communication is discussed. Finally, an analogy is drawn between the role of Latin in the 17th century and English in the 20th with regard to the search for an auxiliary international language.
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Hornberger, Nancy H. "Language Policy and Planning in South America*". Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 14 (marzo de 1994): 220–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002907.
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South America, widely known as a “Spanish-speaking” part of the world, is in fact a region of great linguistic diversity and complexity (see Table 1). The history and hegemony of the colonial languages, Spanish and Portuguese; the elusiveness and elitism of immigrant languages such as German, Italian, Japanese, and English; and the variety and vitality of the indigenous languages have combined to pose continuing challenges to language planners and policy makers. For the colonial languages, which have long enjoyed official status, the pressing language planning issues are those concerning standardization vis-a-vis national and international varieties. Immigrant language concerns maintain a relatively low profile in the policy and planning arena.
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Баева, Е. И. y М. В. Суханова. "Reflection of the Characteristics of Communicative Behavior in Mimic Phraseological Units (based on Italian and Spanish Languages)". Иностранные языки в высшей школе, n.º 4(63) (15 de febrero de 2023): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.37724/rsu.2022.63.4.001.
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В статье рассматриваются семантические особенности мимических фразеологизмов итальянского, испанского языков и их использование для характеристики коммуникативного поведения. Приводится классификация жестовых фразеологических единиц итальянского и испанского языков по функционально-семан-тическим критериям. Представлены способы языкового выражения визуальной коммуникации, которые отражают внутреннюю сферу человека в итальянской и испанской языковой картине мира. Впервые предпринята попытка провести сопоставительное исследование мимических фразеологизмов на материале двух близкородственных языков с использованием сопоставительного метода. Проведенный анализ показал, что встречающиеся в испанском и итальянском языках мимические фразеологизмы имеют большое количество идентичных эквивалентов. The paper discusses the semantic features of mimic phraseological units of the Italian and Spanish languages and their use to characterize behavior. An attempt is made to classify the gestural phraseological units of the Italian and Spanish languages according to functional and semantic criteria. The article considers language means of eye contact in communication as a method of representing the inner world of a person in the Italian and Spanish world picture. This is the first attempt, based on the comparative method, to conduct a comparative study of mimic phraseological units in two closely related languages. The analysis showed that Spanish and Italian mimic phraseological units have a large number of identical equivalents.
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Schlumpf, Sandra. "African languages and Spanish among Equatoguineans in Madrid". Spanish in Context 17, n.º 1 (3 de junio de 2020): 108–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.18020.sch.
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Abstract Equatoguinean immigrants in Madrid constitute an often-overlooked group in Spanish society and in the Spanish-speaking world in general, despite the facts that Equatorial Guinea was a Spanish colony until 1968 and the Equatoguinean community in Spain is the largest outside Guinea. This paper analyzes the use of African languages and Spanish among Equatoguineans in Madrid: Do they maintain their African languages in Spain? When do they use them, and what is their significance? What connection do the interviewees observe between the use of African languages and the proficiency of Spanish spoken by different Equatoguinean ethnic groups? The results are based on ten semi-directed, sociolinguistic interviews, which occurred in Madrid in 2017 with Equatoguineans of two ethnic groups: Bubi and Fang. They show the importance of relating data to the contemporary as well as historical sociopolitical and cultural circumstances of Equatorial Guinea.
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Killman, Jeffrey. "Book Review: Ruggiero, Diana (2022). Teaching World Languages for Specific Purposes: A Practical Guide. Georgetown University Press, pp. 121". Revista de Lenguas para Fines Específicos, n.º 29 (14 de junio de 2023): 177–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.20420/rlfe.2023.623.
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In Teaching World Languages for Specific Purposes: A Practical Guide, the author, Diana Ruggiero, Associate Professor of Spanish at the University of Memphis, draws on her over 10 years of experience designing and teaching Spanish as a world language for specific purposes (WLSP) in American higher education. Though Spanish in the US is the context within which she works, the book is intentionally written to be applicable to the teaching of all WLSPs and not just in the US context of higher education. The book also sets out to be useful to foreign languages instructors of all backgrounds that already have a foundation in language teaching in general and encourages them to build their own WLSP courses using their unique strengths and perspectives. Chapters 1-4 provide context for teaching WLSP, addressing issues such as the definition, scope, and benefits of WLSP, as well as preparation to teach WLSP. Chapters 5-11 address curricular development in community service learning (CSL), to which the author devotes considerable attention, the integration of WLSP into foreign languages classes, interpreting, culture, heritage language learners, and WSLSP during COVID-19. Lastly, the book concludes with a collection of teaching materials appendices ranging from specific online and print resources to a sample syllabus, lesson plans, assignments, and assessments.
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Armijos Monar, Jacqueline Guadalupe, Blanca Narcisa Fuertes Lopez, Jorge Edwin Delgado Altamirano y Vicente Marlón Villa Villa. "University Indigenous Students’ Perceptions towards Kichwa, Spanish and English". English Language Teaching 11, n.º 2 (20 de enero de 2018): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/elt.v11n2p131.
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Even though there has been a significant advancement in human rights, social justice and social practices around the world; some Ecuadorian indigenous students still struggle against many social and linguistic limitations, especially in Chimborazo province. This research was carried out with 30 Ecuadorian indigenous students who studied English as a compulsory subject for five months. The aim of the study is to explore the general attitudes of indigenous university students about Kichwa, Spanish and English languages in the Universidad Nacional de Chimborazo, at the Political and Administrative Science College. It also aims to find out which language demands more of their attention. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected into three-time stages by applying a questionnaire asking for students’ attitudes towards Kichwa, Spanish and English. Participants were asked about their language exposure in each of the mentioned languages. Answers were tabulated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program. The outcomes revealed a substantial difference in the students’ attitudes in favor of Spanish language. Students showed a high exposure and attitude percentage towards Spanish language through social interaction with native speakers. Additionally, they listened and read information in Spanish with the most accuracy. The participants have been exposed to Spanish more than 20 years, as well. Conversely, students do not show a significant attitude towards English or Kichwa. Additionally, their social and academic contexts do not demand that the students to speak Kichwa and English, as a priority in students’ daily communication.
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Boutonnet, Bastien, Benjamin Dering, Nestor Viñas-Guasch y Guillaume Thierry. "Seeing Objects through the Language Glass". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 25, n.º 10 (octubre de 2013): 1702–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00415.
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Recent streams of research support the Whorfian hypothesis according to which language affects one's perception of the world. However, studies of object categorization in different languages have heavily relied on behavioral measures that are fuzzy and inconsistent. Here, we provide the first electrophysiological evidence for unconscious effects of language terminology on object perception. Whereas English has two words for cup and mug, Spanish labels those two objects with the word “taza.” We tested native speakers of Spanish and English in an object detection task using a visual oddball paradigm, while measuring event-related brain potentials. The early deviant-related negativity elicited by deviant stimuli was greater in English than in Spanish participants. This effect, which relates to the existence of two labels in English versus one in Spanish, substantiates the neurophysiological evidence that language-specific terminology affects object categorization.
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Duran, Angelica Alicia. "Milton’s Prose Works in the Hispanophone World". Aletria: Revista de Estudos de Literatura 28, n.º 3 (15 de octubre de 2018): 63–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/2317-2096.28.3.63-81.
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This study of key instances of the circulation and reception of the prose works associated with “John Milton, Englishman” in the Hispanophone world demonstrates the active contributions of Hispanophone readers in constructing the works of this canonical author as world literature. Showcased here the anti-Spanish propaganda piece A Declaration of His Highnes, by the Advice of His Council Setting Forth, on the Behalf of this Commonwealth, the Justice of Their Cause against Spain published simultaneously in Latin, English and Spanish; the Latin defense of the English regicide Pro populo Anglicano defensio; and the Anglophone pamphlet against pre-publication censorship Areopagitica. The works are discussed in their original languages and in Spanish translation, as well as in the context of Spain and the Americas.
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Guzman Tirado, Rafael. "About the role of MAPRYAL in the development of Spanish Russian studies (2000–2020)". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 17, n.º 4 (2020): 709–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2020.413.
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The article analyzes the activities of MAPRYAL aimed at the development of Spanish Russian studies. The first part of the article provides a brief description of the genesis of Spanish Russian studies and the key stages of its formation related to geographical, historical and political factors. The second part is devoted to the role of MAPRYAL in the spread of the Russian language in the Spanish-speaking world, in particular, measures to support Russian studies at the University of Granada. The article notes that, in many respects, thanks to close and fruitful cooperation with MAPRYAL, Spanish Russian studies took the leading positions in the world, as evidenced by successfully hosting the XIII MAPRYAL Congress in Granada in 2015. The article analyzes some of the contributions of the University of Granada to Russian studies in the world. An important role in the fate of Russian studies at the University of Granada was played by the creation in 2004 of the research group HUM 827 “Slavistics, Caucasian Studies, Typology of Languages”, which became a collective member of MAPRYAL and actively participated in organizing many events dedicated to the dissemination of the Russian language and literature. Particular attention in the article is paid to the personal contribution to the development of Spanish Russian studies by Lyudmila Verbitskaya — not only as President of MAPRYAL, but also as a person who has passionately loved the Russian language and devoted her life to promoting it in Russia and in the world.
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KABEN, Abdelkader. "El español en la enseñanza universitaria argelina". ALTRALANG Journal 2, n.º 01 (31 de julio de 2020): 226–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/altralang.v2i01.61.
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ABSTRACT: The importance of knowing foreign languages and being able to communicate in other languages is becoming increasingly obvious in a world whose geographical distances and barriers have been diminishing thanks to technologies as the Internet that has made immediate communication between different parts of the world possible. Certainly, Spanish is one of the languages with the greatest interest today. In this article, we intend to respond a few questions like that: How about Spanish in Algeria today? What status does the Spanish language represent in the Algerian university? What are the main reasons for learning this language in Algeria?
RESUMEN: La importancia de saber lenguas extranjeras y ser capaz de comunicarse en otras lenguas va siendo cada vez más obvia en un mundo cuyas distancias y barreras geográficas han ido disminuyendo gracias a tecnologías como el caso de Internet que ha hecho posible la comunicación inmediata entre distintos puntos del planeta. El español es, indudablemente, una de las lenguas con mayor interés en la actualidad. En este artículo pretendemos contestar de forma general a unas preguntas que son las siguientes: ¿Y qué tal el español en Argelia hoy en día? ¿Qué estatuto representa la lengua española en la universidad argelina? ¿Cuáles son los principales motivos de aprendizaje de este idioma en Argelia?
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Núñez-Méndez, Eva. "Variation in Spanish /s/: Overview and New Perspectives". Languages 7, n.º 2 (29 de marzo de 2022): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages7020077.
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The natural tendency for language variation, intensified by Spanish’s territorial growth, has driven sibilant changes and mergers across the Spanish-speaking world. This article aims to present an overview of the most significant processes undergone by sibilant /s/ in various Spanish-speaking areas: devoicing, weakening, aspiration, elision, and voicing. Geographically based phonetic variations, sociolinguistic factors, and Spanish language contact situations are considered in this study. The sibilant merger and its chronological development in modern Spanish, along with geographic expansion, have resulted in multiple contemporary dialectal variations. This historical lack of stability in these sounds has marked modern regional variations. Tracing and framing the sibilants’ geo-linguistic features has received much attention from scholars, resulting in sibilants being one of the most studied variables in Spanish phonetics. In this article, we provide a concise approach that offers the reader an updated sociolinguistic view of the modern cross-dialectal realizations of /s/. It is essential to study sibilant development to describe Spanish dialects, the differences between Transatlantic and Castilian varieties, and the speech features found in Spanish speaking communities in the Americas. Examining sibilance from different approaches with a representative variety of Spanish dialects as examples advances the importance of sociolinguistic phenomena to index language changes.
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Malinov, Alexey. "V.I. Lamansky: Civilizations and the War of Languages". Chelovek 34, n.º 1 (2023): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s023620070024834-4.
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The article deals with the problems of language and war in the civilizational concept of the Slavist Academician V.I. Lamansky. Lamansky's attitude to the Crimean War and Russian-Turkish War of 1877–1879 is traced on the basis of archival documents. His assessments of military and political events are given. It is pointed out that Lamansky's political-geographical doctrine formulated in his treatise «The Three Worlds of the Asian-European Continent» (1892) and in his earlier works, was a development of the Slavophile ideas and included the provisions later developed by Eurasianists. It is pointed out that he gave not only a geographical but also a linguistic definition of civilizations, in particular, he believed that civilizational worlds are held together by a common language (world-historical language). According to Lamansky, who formulated the doctrine of linguistic hegemony, the competition between peoples and states, including military, is replaced by the competition of world-historical languages. In Europe, he believed, three Romance languages (French, Italian and Spanish) and two Germanic languages (English and German) are struggling with each other. Of these, only Spanish and English, thanks to the vast colonies of Great Britain and the former colonies of Spain, could retain their world-historical significance. In time, he suggested, even Spain's former colonies in South America might come under Anglo-Saxon rule, and the center of the Western world would shift to the New World. In the Middle World or the Greco-Slavic world, Russian has no competitors, so it should be a common literary, scientific and diplomatic language, uniting the peoples of the Middle World in a civilizational unity. Language is the main geopolitical force through which cultural and, in the long term, political unity is first formed. Based on the philosophical and historical analysis of the contradictions between the Romano-Germanic and the Greek-Slavic worlds, Lamansky concluded that the coming world war was inevitable.
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Martínez-García, María Teresa. "Using Eye-Movements to Track Bilingual Activation". Languages 4, n.º 3 (26 de julio de 2019): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages4030059.
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Recent research found that the languages of bilingual listeners are active and interact, such that both lexical representations are activated by the spoken input with which they are compatible. However, the time course of bilingual activation and whether suprasegmental information further modulates this cross-language competition are still not well understood. This study investigates the effect of stress placement on the processing of English–Spanish cognates by beginner-to-intermediate Spanish-speaking second-language (L2) learners of English and intermediate-to-advanced English-speaking L2 learners of Spanish using the visual-world eye-tracking paradigm. In each trial, participants saw a target (asado, ‘roast’), one of two competitors (stress match: asados, ‘roast (pl)’; stress mismatch: asador, ‘rotisserie’), and two unrelated distracters, while hearing the target word. The experiment included a non-cognate condition (asado-asados-asador) and a cognate condition, where the stress pattern of the English word corresponding to the Spanish competitor in the stress-mismatch condition (inventor) instead matched that of the Spanish target (invento, ‘invent’). Growth-curve analyses revealed cognate-status and stress-mismatch effects for Spanish-speaking L2 learners of English, and cognate-status and stress-mismatch effects, and an interaction for English-speaking L2 learners of Spanish. This suggests that both groups use stress for word recognition, but the English stress pattern only affects the processing of Spanish words in the English-speaking L2 learners of Spanish.
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Бахтіна, Анна. "La universalidad fonética de la poeísa de Taras Shevchenko en la traducción Espaňola: tempo, ritmo, métrica". Літератури світу: поетика, ментальність і духовність 11 (19 de septiembre de 2018): 18–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/world_lit.v11i0.2027.
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The article deals with the phonetic system of the Ukrainian and Spanish languages on the example of Spanish translations of poetry “Kobzar” by Taras Shevchenko. This paper investigates the strategies of phonetic and phonemic recombinations of translation, that contribute to the Ukrainian identity reproduction in Spanish. The research states that the reflection of Ukrainian euphony, in particular the language of Taras Shevchenko, excites due to phonetic, grammatical, syntactic and semantic reconstruction of language units. It also determines that the ethnic paradigm encoded into the language worldview of Ukrainians is explicated in Spanish by preserving ethnic symbols in their phonetic and / or lexical and semantic interpretation. Moreover, it states that the reproduction of rhythm and melody in the poetry of T. Shevchenko is fragmentary in Spanish translation. It is possible due to the structural elasticity and the euphony of the Spanish language. The other reason is connected with synthetic origin of Ukrainian and analytical nature of Spanish. It should be mentioned that even though the special selection of the proper vocabulary, which is not similar to syllabic system of the original poems, allows creating close mimic sounding of rhythms in Shevchenko poetry. In fact, the impossible reproduction is observed at the level of letter combination, since the letters in each language of the world have their own emotional and semantic characteristics, dependent on mentality. During the analysis of the syllabic and tone system of original verse writing in Taras Shevchenko poetry and its Spanish translation, a phonetic universality of the writer’s works is discovered, which is characterized by a tonal manifestation.
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Chernetska, N. "Semantic contrasts in phraseological units about work and idleness (based on study of Ukrainian, English and Spanish idioms)". Studia Philologica 1, n.º 14 (2020): 92–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.28925/2311-2425.2020.1414.
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The cross-cultural researches are becoming more relevant in the last decades. Due to these studies, scientists restore fragments of the linguistic picture of the world of particular nation, learn about rich historical heritage and customs of any nation, reveal its originality, define universal traits for cultures of different peoples and the peculiarities of different languages. The article is devoted to the complex research of phraseological units in the Ukrainian, Russian, English and Spanish languages. Interlinguistic relations are based on the structural and semantic aspects and it promotes identification of cultural peculiarities of phraseological units in these languages. Рhraseology is an integral and the richest part of any language. Studying materials were the Ukrainian, Russian, English and Spanish phraseological units related to the thematic group “work-idleness”. Equivalents of such phraseological units were analysed, as well as the sources of these equivalents, their types and methods of correct translation. The aim of the study is to identify national peculiarities in perception and verbal realization of one of the basic concepts, the “work-idleness” concept. It is achieved by comparing the Ukrainian with Russian, English and Spanish phraseological units. Full equivalents confirm the universality of this concept in Ukrainian, Russian, English and Spanish linguistic cultures. The article presents the comparative analysis of idioms with semantics of “work” — “inactivity, idleness, waste of time”; traced the basic models of idioms formation in different nations in various languages: Ukrainian, Russian, English and Spanish languages. It provides a new scientific in-depth approach to the solution of one of the most complex problems of comparative study of the phraseological material of different languages on the semantic level. Analysing the examples of phraseological units in different languages, the author comes to a conclusion that semantic, pragmatic, syntactic, national and cultural factors play a considerable role in the process of translation. These factors should be taken into account while translating idioms. So, the article deals with two concepts “work”, “idleness”. The subject of the research determines the application of the comparative method while investigating these two concepts in Ukrainian as well as in Russian, English and Spanish languages. The results of the present work can be applied in the sphere of such contiguous disciplines as intercultural communication, linguistics, translation theory and practice, studying English, Russian or Spanish by Ukrainian speaking students, as well as in writing test books and other teaching material on lexicology.
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Costa-jussà, M. R., C. A. Henríquez y R. E. Banchs. "Evaluating Indirect Strategies for Chinese-Spanish Statistical Machine Translation". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 45 (31 de diciembre de 2012): 761–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.3786.
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Although, Chinese and Spanish are two of the most spoken languages in the world, not much research has been done in machine translation for this language pair. This paper focuses on investigating the state-of-the-art of Chinese-to-Spanish statistical machine translation (SMT), which nowadays is one of the most popular approaches to machine translation. For this purpose, we report details of the available parallel corpus which are Basic Traveller Expressions Corpus (BTEC), Holy Bible and United Nations (UN). Additionally, we conduct experimental work with the largest of these three corpora to explore alternative SMT strategies by means of using a pivot language. Three alternatives are considered for pivoting: cascading, pseudo-corpus and triangulation. As pivot language, we use either English, Arabic or French. Results show that, for a phrase-based SMT system, English is the best pivot language between Chinese and Spanish. We propose a system output combination using the pivot strategies which is capable of outperforming the direct translation strategy. The main objective of this work is motivating and involving the research community to work in this important pair of languages given their demographic impact.
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Alsina Naudi, Anna. "Endeavours towards a plain legal language: The case of Spanish in context". International Journal of Legal Discourse 3, n.º 2 (19 de diciembre de 2018): 235–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijld-2018-2010.
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Abstract Implementing plain legal language is a project for those who are trying to build trust in legal systems all over the world. This paper aims at comparing successful policies in certain countries and describing the efforts made towards achieving a Spanish plain legal discourse. The paper lays out the definition of plain language, reviews the reluctance of professionals to make changes in legal language and specifies which legal documents are under discussion. The long-standing plain English movement and the positive Swedish example are considered, in combination with the ongoing developments of the German and French legal languages. It then analyses the legislative process within the European Union and uncovers the need for more collaboration between jurists and linguists. Adding to these case studies, this paper interrogates the contemporary state of legal Spanish. Despite institutional efforts in various countries, which are detailed in the last section, legal Spanish remains obscure and holds back the democratization of justice. Taking into account that Spanish is the second-most widely spoken language in the world and the wide use of the Internet for legal matters, the need to clarify legalese is more pressing than ever. The demand for trust in justice advances incessantly, but the implementation of a transparent legal discourse seems to be at a standstill.
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Yelda, Margo. "Spanish for the Real World". Hispania 83, n.º 1 (marzo de 2000): 102. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/346147.
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Lenz, Darin D. "Faith in the Hearing: Gospel Recordings and the World Mission of Joy Ridderhof (1903–84)". Studies in Church History 53 (26 de mayo de 2017): 420–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/stc.2016.25.
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In the mid-1930s Joy Ridderhof, a Quaker missionary, returned from her missionary work in Honduras a physically broken woman. In the process of recovering from malaria and the other illnesses that had not allowed her to remain on the mission field she began a new project that would transform how the gospel message was disseminated around the world. Ridderhof imagined the possibilities associated with proclaiming the message of Jesus through the use of phonograph records for Spanish listeners. The benefit of making sound recordings was quickly recognized by missionaries who were trying to reach largely illiterate and, in some cases, pre-literate populations. Ridderhof was soon asked to expand from her initial foray into Spanish language records to make recordings in other North American indigenous languages and, eventually, languages from around the world. This article analyses how Ridderhof managed this endeavour while embracing new media technologies to bring the sound of the gospel to the people of the world in their native tongue.
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Raevskaya, M. M. "The Ladino Language in the Domain of World Intellectual History". Moscow University Bulletin. Series 19. Linguistics and Intercultural Communication, Issue №4_2022 (31 de diciembre de 2022): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.55959/msu-2074-1588-19-2022-4-43-59.
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In the domain of world intellectual history, the Sephardic language, otherwise called Judeo-Spanish or Ladino, occupies a special place. The article deals with terminological nominations corresponding to the language, accepted in the paradigm of modern philological studies; the concept of Judeo-Spanish which implies a heterogeneous dialect continuum, including various geographical varieties that formed outside the Spanish-speaking area and independently of the Spanish language; the multifaceted nature of the Jewish-Spanish in the projection on its history as a repository of collective memory and cultural heritage; the religious context of the appearance of Ladino; a certain tradition of understanding the Jewish-Spanish language as a place of memory and a metaphor for a lost home, which has developed in the ethnic mentality of the descendants of Sephardic Jews and has been fixed in the artistic and documentary narrative; conventional and institutional status of the Hebrew-Spanish language; modern formats and strategies for its promotion, as well as features of its positioning in the ethnic mentality of the descendants of Sephardim expelled from Spain and Portugal in 1492/1496. Currently the language of Sephardic Jews, transmitted to different continents along with its native speakers, continues to be a powerful means of legitimizing the symbolic unity (based on maintaining a sense of secondary identity) of representatives of this traditional community. Despite active divergent processes, Judeo-Spanish or Ladino has a special status in the world intellectual history in accordance with its historical, social and cultural context and serves as a traditional basis in the structure of historical ethnic memory.
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Audisio, Cynthia Pamela, Macarena Sol Quiroga, María Laura Ramírez y Celia Renata Rosemberg. "Word order in the input to Argentinian Spanish-learning children". Language, Interaction and Acquisition 13, n.º 1 (23 de agosto de 2022): 93–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lia.21016.aud.
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Abstract Languages express events in the world by means of transitive and intransitive constructions, whose properties differ according to language typology. Children witness how specific languages express transitivity by listening to linguistic input, which varies according to contextual variables (such as the age of the speaker and the addressee). In this study, we investigated word order, one feature that typically helps discriminate between transitive and intransitive constructions but is more reliable in some languages than others. The frequency and consistency of word order as a cue towards clause transitivity was analysed in the input to 19 monolingual Spanish-learning children from Argentina (20 months old on average, SD = 0.3), diverse in terms of socioeconomic status (SES). We found that some word orders occur far more frequently and/or indicate clause transitivity much more reliably than others. In addition, their consistency as transitivity cues varied across the registers and was crucially affected by SES.
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Sessarego, Sandro. "The legal hypothesis of creole genesis". Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 32, n.º 1 (23 de junio de 2017): 1–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.32.1.01ses.
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The origins of the Afro-Hispanic Languages of the Americas (AHLAs), the languages that developed in Latin America from the contact of African languages and Spanish in colonial times, are extremely intriguing, since it still has to be explained why we do not find creole languages in certain regions of Spanish America, where the socio-demographic conditions for creole languages to emerge appear to have been in place in colonial times. Nowadays, in contrast, we can find such contact varieties in similar former colonies, which were ruled by the British, the French or the Dutch (McWhorter 2000). Despite the fascinating implications of this phenomenon, our knowledge of the AHLAs remains extremely limited. Several hypotheses have been proposed to account for this situation, but no common consensus has yet been achieved (Chaudenson 2001; Mintz 1971; Laurence 1974; Granda 1968; Schwegler 1993, 2014; Lipski 1993; etc.). The pull of different views on the issue has been labelled in the literature as the ‘Spanish creole debate’ (Lipski 2005: ch.9). The current study is aimed at casting new light on the Spanish creole debate by relying on a comparative analysis of slave laws in the Americas. This article highlights the role that legal differences played in shaping colonial societies and the Afro-European languages that developed in the New World.
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Anisimova, Alla y Katerina Cherkes. "LANGUAGE ACTUALIZATION OF THE CONCEPT FAUNA IN THE MULTILINGUAL PHRASEOLOGICAL WORLDVIEW". English and American Studies 1, n.º 17 (22 de diciembre de 2020): 4–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/382001.
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The article gives the definition of a notion «concept» and presents its main interpretations in modern linguistic science. This article also describes the notion of «phraseologicalworldview» and its relation to the notion «concept». Based on the selected phraseological units that actualize the concept FAUNA in three languages – English, Spanish and Ukrainian, their analysis, comparison and classification were carried out. This allowed us to prove that the language actualization of the concept FAUNA, which is based on the material of the English, Spanish and Ukrainian phraseological units, is associated with the identification of national characteristics of the researched cultures. The peculiarities of the phraseological worldview of a particular language are influenced by linguistic and cultural factors, geographical location, customs and traditions of the country. Together with the peculiarities of the world perception of British, Spanish and Ukrainian people, these factors influence the language organization, human traits, ideas and meanings that are embedded in the concepts of various animals. In the course of the research, the main different and common features of the language actualization of the concept FAUNA in English, Spanish and Ukrainian phraseological worldviews have been discovered.
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Safaralieva, Lyubov’ A. y Nickolay P. Parkhitko. "Comparative Analysis of the Phraseological Units Representing the Concepts of OLD AGE and VEJEZ in Russian and Spanish". RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 13, n.º 3 (30 de septiembre de 2022): 694–709. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2022-13-3-694-709.
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The article is devoted to the research of phraseological units representing the concepts of OLD AGE and VEJEZ in Russian and Spanish languages, in psycholinguistic, linguocultural and structural-semantic aspects. Considering the fact that the concept of OLD AGE as the personification of experience, the passage of time, physical and mental withering of a personality is a universal phraseological constant of almost every language, the authors found it expedient to compare phraseological and thematic fields of Spanish and Russian, where, as a hypothesis, it is assumed to identify different historical and cultural approaches to the definitions «age», «old age», «aging», etc., and to the corresponding social group. The key methods of linguistic science used in the work are descriptive, linguogenetic and comparative methods. The article provides a scientific justification for the differences in the definition of the phenomenon of OLD AGE in the Spanish and Russian languages, due to the peculiarities of perception of the national linguistic picture of the world by native speakers of Russian and Spanish. The general, universal images of OLD AGE associated with the final period of a person’s life, the weakening of his body, the presence of a certain life experience are revealed. In addition, the provisions on the predominance of phraseological units with pejorative coloring nominating an old person in the Russian language are substantiated, while phraseological units with reclamation coloring prevail in Spanish. Note that for native Spanish speakers, OLD GAE is primarily associated with centenarians, people who have overcome the age of 90, while in Russian such associations are of a singular nature. The argumentation base of the study is based on a wide list of linguistic and lexical-phraseological sources used by the authors while preparing this article.
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Sozina, E. O. "BASIC MEANINGS OF THE CONCEPT “TENDERNESS” IN RUSSIAN AND SPANISH LANGUAGE PICTURES". Social’no-ekonomiceskoe upravlenie: teoria i praktika 17, n.º 3 (5 de octubre de 2021): 90–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.22213/2618-9763-2021-3-90-103.
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The article is dedicated to understanding of the concept of “tenderness” in Russian and Spanish linguistic pictures of the world in comparison. During research the connection between language and culture is indicated, reflected in the linguistic picture of the world through the functioning of the concept as its unit. The focus of attention is focused on the emotional concept that expresses the image, assessment, and cultural significance. On the basis of the learnt linguistic researches in the field of language theory, the concepts of “language picture of the world”, “concept” and “emotional concept” are revealed. A comparative analysis of the data of etymological, explanatory dictionaries, as well as dictionaries of synonyms and antonyms of the Russian and Spanish languages is carried out. The obtained results are compared with the events of the domestic and foreign political life of Russia and Spain of the designated time periods (Etymology, the Middle Ages, the XVIII-XIX centuries, the XX century, the XXI century). The nuclear zone of the concept “tenderness” is being formed in the Russian and Spanish language pictures of the world. The article analyzes the content structure of the concept “tenderness” and the transformation of its components from the moment of its origin to the present day. It clearly reflects which components of the concept values appear and disappear according to the dictionaries from one epoch to another. The most frequent components of the values of the nuclear zone of the concept, common and periodic for each of the studied world pictures, are identified. In conclusion, are formed findings about the similarity and difference of changes in the concept due to the historical formation and its modern functioning in the Russian and Spanish language pictures of the world. It was revealed that in the transformation process, the concept of “tenderness” acquired the status of a deep comprehensive feeling. Nevertheless, despite the general similarity, there are also specific features for each language picture of the world, which are reflected by the analyzed language data recorded in dictionaries. It follows from this that the linguistic representation of the same concept of “tenderness” in the Russian and Spanish linguistic cultures is quite different due to the mental characteristics of each of these cultures.
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Bogdanova, Elena V. "A foreign proper name in Spanish idioms and proverbs". Izvestiya of Saratov University. Philology. Journalism 23, n.º 3 (22 de agosto de 2023): 262–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1817-7115-2023-23-3-262-268.
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The article deals with Spanish set expressions that include a foreign proper name. The study overviews phraseological units, as well as proverbs and sayings included in the most important Spanish lexicographical works. Dealing with an onomastic (onymic) component requires the description of idioms, their origin, meaning and the degree of linguistic actuality. The study of the selected number of set expressions and proverbs has revealed that some proper names may be considered as international precedent onyms (anthroponyms, mythonyms, poetonyms, etc.) This type of proper names may be interpreted as part of the world cultural legacy, since they are present in the onomastic fund of many languages and are considered a sort of linguistic constant formed throughout human history. Spanish national and cultural identity may be illustrated by idioms with a foreign toponym or anthroponym. Generally, those are set expressions and idioms that allude to some historical events and reflect Spanish military and political activities in the world arena, Spanish cultural and linguistic contacts in different periods. The study of idiomatic phrases, their origin and motivation has revealed the key sources to replenish the Spanish phraseological fund, which are world literature, cinema, classical mythology, the Bible, military and political activities. Chronologically, the majority of the analyzed idioms was created in the Middle Ages and the Modern period, however, foreign proper names continue to replenish the Spanish lexis, since there are many expressions and proverbs with a foreign onym that have been created in the recent centuries.
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Sánchez, Aquilino y María Dueñas. "Language Planning in the Spanish-Speaking World". Current Issues in Language Planning 3, n.º 3 (agosto de 2002): 280–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14664200208668042.
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Coll, Beatriz. "Spanish-language world rights versus territorial rights". Publishing Research Quarterly 22, n.º 3 (septiembre de 2006): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12109-006-0022-4.
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