Literatura académica sobre el tema "Working time control"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Working time control":
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Berg, Peter, Eileen Appelbaum, Tom Bailey y Arne L. Kalleberg. "Contesting Time: International Comparisons of Employee Control of Working Time". Industrial and Labor Relations Review 57, n.º 3 (abril de 2004): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/4126655.
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Berg, Peter, Eileen Appelbaum, Tom Bailey y Arne L. Kalleberg. "Contesting Time: International Comparisons of Employee Control of Working Time". ILR Review 57, n.º 3 (abril de 2004): 331–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/001979390405700301.
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Nätti, Jouko, Tomi Oinas y Timo Anttila. "Time pressure, working time control and long-term sickness absence". Occupational and Environmental Medicine 72, n.º 4 (6 de enero de 2015): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oemed-2014-102435.
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Tessarini Junior, Geraldo y Patricia Saltorato. "Reduced Working Time as Political, Management and Control Instrument". Organizações & Sociedade 29, n.º 103 (diciembre de 2022): 724–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1984-92302022v29n0035en.
Resumen
Abstract Reduced working time is a topic widely discussed in organization studies, mainly its benefits. However, the literature does not deeply emphasize the power and control dynamics oftentimes observed in its implementation by organizations. The aim of the current article is to help fulfilling this gap by exploring different concepts about reduced working time in place in Brazilian federal educational institutions that have adopted the thirty-hour workweek as standard for their technical-administrative employees. A case study was carried out through observation, documental analysis and eighteen semi-structured interviews conducted with both workers subjected to shorter working hours and managers working under the conventional forty-hour week standard. Based on the results, despite its notable benefits for the work/life balance, the reduced working time has three interrelated purposes, namely: political, management, and control instrument. This research made it possible to reveal how management and control instruments can be incorporated to a policy focused on reduced working time, to highlight the complexity and controversy of power relation, as well as contributed to organization studies, based on rationalization about life and its temporal dimensions.
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Żołyński, Janusz. "PRAXEOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF WORKING TIME". Roczniki Administracji i Prawa specjalny, n.º XXI (30 de diciembre de 2021): 159–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.6089.
Resumen
Praxeological dimension of working time is undoubtedly influenced by current sociopolitical system invoking the axiology being commonly recognized values. This means that in enacting public and legal regulations the state may not isolate the employees facing exceptional hardship or even unforeseeable situations assuming the form of peculiar force majeure. Thus, both employees’ wellbeing and the welfare in general are vital. For that reason the labour law should praxeologically be a way to control real situations and the needs of working people and the society. The labour law should also praxeologically create a system of institutions reconciling social emotions in order to protect social peace which constitutes common welfare.
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Rubery, Jill. "Working time in the UK". Transfer: European Review of Labour and Research 4, n.º 4 (noviembre de 1998): 657–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102425899800400407.
Resumen
In Great Britain collective agreements have never had a great deal of significance in relation to actual working time, but in the 1980s and 1990s their significance declined even further. Meanwhile, however, real and fundamental changes have been taking place at the level where working time is actually regulated in practice, where trade unions exert direct control over working time in companies and in the workplace. The current mixture of traditional and innovative working time arrangements is giving rise to a wide range of working time patterns with a high incidence of unsocial working hours. This leads to a polarisation between the working times of men and of women, a phenomenon which is coming up against growing criticism in British society.
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Jenkins, Jean y Paul Blyton. "In debt to the time-bank: the manipulation of working time in Indian garment factories and ‘working dead horse’". Work, Employment and Society 31, n.º 1 (28 de septiembre de 2016): 90–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950017016664679.
Resumen
In this article we focus on the creation of debt relations between workers and their workplace as a tool of managerial control in the garment factories of Bangalore, India. The currency of indebtedness in this case is working time and our focus is the manipulation of hours of work at the base of the international, buyer-driven, garment supply chain. In illuminating debt relations and worker dependency as an element of managers’ repertoire of control, we compare a system known as ‘comp-off’ in contemporary Indian factories with the historical precedent of a system known as ‘working dead horse’ in Britain. Our comparison illuminates how value is extracted from workers and how old control systems are updated within the labour process, in a feminized sector where workers’ associational power is weak and social downgrading is one means by which employers can offload risk, maximize flexibility and secure their position at the local level.
8
Kolenko, V. V., M. S. Safonov y O. Ye Iakovenko Iakovenko. "MODELLING OF AUTOMATED WORKING TIME CONTROL SYSTEMS IN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS". Scientific Notes of Junior Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, n.º 1(17) (2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51707/2618-0529-2020-17-02.
Resumen
The article includes modeling of the automated system of personnel time recording with further development and implementation of it in the educational institution. Practice shows that when using automated time recording, more effective personnel management occurs, employee discipline is increased, and the wage fund is saved on 5–15%. Personalized personnel identification methods have been identified; the selection of technical equipment and software for data collection is justified; A work time model has been developed; Software for employee identification, recording and recording of working hours has been developed and introduced. To do this, special access control equipment was installed on the passageway. Employees have special cards that allow them to easily overcome these devices. If there are several checkpoints in the territory, it is advisable to use a computer network to transfer data to the server, where all data about employees are stored. Based on such data, accurate reports of misconduct can be generated, as well as a time sheet. User identification is an integral and important element for any information system. The identification system is one of the key elements of the infrastructure for protection against unauthorized access. The task of identification and authorization systems is to determine and verify the set of authority of the subject when accessing the information system. A barcode can also act as a unique person identifier. Each employee is ssued a card with a unique bar code, this code is fixed to the person in the database. A barcode scanner is installed on each pass point. This model with a developed algorithm for identifying a person and fixing the passage of control was ntroduced at the Kherson Polytechnic Vocational College of Odessa Polytechnic State University.
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Steen-Olsen, Tove y Astrid Grude Eikseth. "The Power of Time: Teachers' Working Day — Negotiating Autonomy and Control". European Educational Research Journal 9, n.º 2 (enero de 2010): 284–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.2304/eerj.2010.9.2.284.
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Barrouillet, Pierre y Valérie Camos. "Working Memory and Executive Control: A Time-based Resource-sharing Account". Psychologica Belgica 50, n.º 3-4 (1 de octubre de 2010): 353. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/pb-50-3-4-353.
Tesis sobre el tema "Working time control":
1
Lithner, Ellinor. "Association between work-time control and sickness absence : A longitudinal study among the Swedish working population". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för folkhälsovetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157581.
Resumen
In Sweden, sickness absence due to mental disorder is increasing for both men and women, although more among women. The psychosocial work environment is acknowledged as an important predictor for sickness absence. Employee based work-time control is beneficial for the balance between job stress and recovery and could therefore be of interest when aiming to prevent sickness absence. The aim is to investigate the association between control over daily hours (CoDH) and control over time off (CoT), respectively, and sickness absence. The study also examine whether the association differ by gender and if burnout or depression mediates the associations. Data was derived from two waves of the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH) which is an approximate representation of the Swedish working population (n=8418, of which 4936 were females). Binary logistic regression was used as method of analysis. After adjustment for possible confounders, no association between CoDH and sickness absence was found. Low CoT was significantly associated with sickness absence among men (OR=0.90 [0.84, 0.96]), but not among women. Neither burnout nor depression mediates the associations. CoT is stronger associated with sickness absence than CoDH. CoT with regard to sickness absence is of greater importance for men than women.
2
STRÖMQVIST, DANIEL y FILIP DANIELSSON DANIELSSON. "Working proactive towards higher OTD : A case study at the operations department atABB GA Products, investigating the possibility toenhance a more proactive way of work towardshigher OTD". Thesis, KTH, Industriell Management, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-214823.
Resumen
Purpose - The purpose of this study is to investigate and understand which significantparameters affect OTD within an ATO company, and furthermore develop a model which wouldenhance proactive work in order to achieve a higher OTD.Design/methodology/approach - The data is primarily of qualitative nature, employing semistructuredinterviews and workshop, with backup from quantitative production data. Anabductive approach was applied by iterating and aligning findings with relevant literature andtheory. These mixed methodologies created a triangulation of data, which through our analysishelp with the validation of our conclusions.Findings - Through our findings we can conclude that significant parameters which lowers OTDfor an ATO company can be found all through the supply chain. For this thesis and its model,parameters were chosen based on their ability to be quantified. For ABB GA Products, we found36 significant parameters as well as a systematic approach for an ATO company to iteratively gothrough them to investigate which orders are affected by which flags. Through this approach anATO company should be able to work more proactively towards higher OTD.Research limitations/implications - This thesis is conducted through a case study at ABB GAProducts only, which should be considered when using the results for further research.Practical implications - Specifies a logical scheme to classify risk of delayed orders.Originality/value - Advances theory in production and operations management regardingperformance measurement, towards a more proactive approach of measuring reactive KPI’s
3
Girier-Timsit, Marianne. "Le décompte du temps de travail". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA100024.
Resumen
À lire certains professionnels du droit, le décompte du temps de travail aurait fait son temps. Les cadres ne « compteraient pas leur temps », le décompte serait lié à la « civilisation de l’usine », et plus structurellement le temps ne serait plus un étalon pertinent de mesure du travail. À ces doutes, il s’agit d’affirmer l’utilité permanente du décompte du temps de travail. La question de l’importance du décompte du temps de travail est étroitement liée à celle du rôle et de la place du temps de travail. Ces interrogations relatives au décompte du temps de travail découlent principalement de la remise en cause du temps comme outil de mesure et de limitation du travail. Au contraire, c’est en affirmant la permanence du temps à pouvoir et à devoir remplir de telles fonctions que l’intérêt et l’importance du décompte du temps de travail se révèlent. Qu’il s’agisse de mesurer ou de limiter le travail, le temps ne peut remplir ces fonctions qu’à condition d’être décompté. Autrement dit, c’est le décompte du temps de travail qui permet au temps de remplir ses fonctions de mesure et de limitation du travail. L’intérêt du décompte du temps de travail se dévoile à l’aune de la fonction, générique, du temps comme unité de conversion. Le temps constitue en effet une unité de conversion objective et universelle, qu’il s’agisse de déterminer l’engagement du salarié, de déterminer et quantifier le salaire, de protéger par un salaire minimum horaire, ou encore de garantir la protection de la santé et des temps de liberté. Or, ces fonctions de mesure et de limitation du travail sont intrinsèquement liées à la nature du contrat de travail, défini et caractérisé par la subordination du salarié à l’employeur. S’interroger sur l’importance du décompte du temps de travail consistera à questionner le rapport qu’il entretient avec l’existence, la formation et la construction du contrat de travail tel que caractérisé par la subordination. Dans cette étude, on cherche à identifier les enjeux du décompte du temps de travail, les façons d’y procéder, les difficultés rencontrées et les solutions apportées. Pour déterminer si le décompte du temps de travail est une condition au contrat de travail, il y a d’abord besoin d’examiner dans quelle mesure le décompte du temps de travail s’avère utile au regard du droit du travail. Il s’agit d’affirmer la nécessité de procéder à un décompte du temps de travail, qui découle d’une multitude d’énoncés au service desquels le décompte du temps de travail intervient. Pour apprécier si le droit positif est à la hauteur de cette nécessité, il s’agit ensuite d’évaluer l’obligation de décompter le temps de travail, et de voir comment cette obligation est appréhendée, abordée et imposée par le droit du travail. Il en ressort que le décompte du temps de travail est un élément consubstantiel de l’idée de salariat et un élément structurant du droit du travail. Et il demeure tel, même s’il est aujourd’hui attaqué. Le droit du travail s’évertue donc à imposer le décompte du temps de travail. Il s’agit de l’une de ses dimensions essentielles. D’ailleurs, même lorsqu’il ouvre des brèches dans les frontières du temps de travail, comme avec le forfait-jour, il ne réussit pas à s’abstraire totalement de la nécessité du décompte, et même du décompte horaire. Le décompte résiste partout, puisqu’il doit résister, puisqu’il en va de l’essence de la subordination et donc de l’essence de la relation de travail salarié.Le décompte du temps de travail, même s’il contesté comme le sont tous les piliers du droit du travail, demeure et demeurera. Il est au cœur de la relation de travail, et il y restera tant que le travail subordonné existeraAccording to some legal professionals, the counting of working hours has had its day. Managers would not “count their time”, the counting would be linked to the “civilization of the factory”, and more structurally, time would no longer be a relevant standard for measuring work. To counter these doubts, it is a question of affirming, on the contrary, the permanent usefulness of counting working time. The question of the importance of counting working time is closely linked to that of the role and place of working time. Firstly, in a negative sense, these questions relating to the counting of working time arise mainly from the questioning of time as a tool for measuring and limiting work. On the contrary, it is by affirming the permanence of time to be able and to fulfill such functions that the interest and importance of counting working time are revealed. Whether measuring or limiting work, time can only fulfill these functions if it is counted. In other words, it is the counting of working time which allows time to fulfill its functions of measuring and limiting work. The interest in counting working time is revealed in the light of the generic function of time as a unit of conversion. Time indeed constitutes an objective and universal unit of conversion, whether it is a question of determining the employee's commitment, of determining and quantifying the salary, of protecting by a minimum hourly wage, or of guaranteeing the protection of the health and time of freedom. However, these functions of measuring and limiting work are intrinsically linked to the nature of the employment contract, defined and characterized by the subordination of the employee to the employer. Questioning the importance of counting working time will consist of questioning the relationship it has with the existence, formation and construction of the employment contract as characterized by subordination. In this study, we seek to identify the challenges of counting working hours, the ways of proceeding, the difficulties encountered and the solutions provided. To determine whether the counting of working hours is a condition of the employment contract, it is first necessary to examine to what extent the counting of working hours proves useful with regard to labor law. It is a question of affirming the need to carry out a count of working time, which arises from a multitude of statements in the service of which the count of working time intervenes. To assess whether positive law meets this need, it is then necessary to evaluate the obligation to count working time, and to see how this obligation is understood, addressed and imposed by labor law. It emerges that the counting of working hours is a consubstantial element of the idea of employment and a structuring element of labor law. And it remains such, even if it is attacked today. Labor law therefore strives to impose the counting of working hours. This is one of its essential dimensions. Moreover, even when it opens breaches in the boundaries of working time, as with the daily rate, it does not succeed in completely abstracting itself from the need for counting, and even hourly counting. Counting resists everywhere, since it must resist, since it is the essence of subordination and therefore the essence of the salaried employment relationship
4
Rozmahel, Ivan. "Volba a nasazení ERP systému". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230020.
Resumen
The diploma thesis called The selection and deployment software for production planning and control, to clear up the basic principles associated with the company’s information and control systems and with the company‘s processes viewed from the point of production. The diploma thesis deals with the theoretical description of the ERP systems and the principal planning and production methods. In the practical part the implementation of the new controlling ERP system at the PBS company is described.
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Semerád, Vojtěch. "Poliklinika Chotěboř, příprava realizace stavby". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392310.
Resumen
The thesis is focused on construction technology solution for realization of the construction of a polyfunctional building in Chotěboř. Part of the project is technical report, studies of major technological stages, project of site equipment, design of major machines and mechanisms, technological regulations. The thesis contains selected technological regulations of carried out activities, control, and test plans, safety and health protection at work comparison of ceiling systems.
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Tahtah, Sabahe. "Les cadres et le droit du travail". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0930/document.
Resumen
L’apparition de nouveaux emplois et de nouvelles fonctions au sein de l’entreprise, l’existence quasi exclusivede hauts niveaux de qualifications dans certains secteurs, la gestion « en réseau » dans les groupes de tailleimportante ont rendu inadaptée la notion traditionnelle de cadre, mais sans pour autant la rénover en profondeurou lui en substituer une nouvelle, mieux adaptée.En droit du travail, le législateur qui intervient pour mettre en place des dispositifs qui leur sont spécifiques,oublie l’essentiel, celui de définir de manière cohérente la catégorie des cadres, en conséquence on assisteaujourd’hui à la construction d’un édifice pour le moins instable. Ainsi, il n’existe en droit du travail aucun textepermettant de définir précisément ceux qui relèvent de la catégorie des cadres.On constate donc qu’il n’est pas aisé d’appréhender la catégorie des cadres. Un examen des textes, notammentdes textes portant sur la durée du travail permet cependant de constater une réelle bipolarité des cadres. Lescadres non-dirigeants qui, dans certaines circonstances, bénéficient du même régime que les salariés, et àl’opposé, les cadres dirigeants qui, selon les hypothèses, sont ou non traités comme des salariés.A partir de la distinction cadre-dirigeant et cadre non-dirigeant, la présente étude tend à rechercher les élémentscaractéristiques de la notion de cadre mais aussi à rechercher les éléments constitutifs du régime des cadresIssue which is to give a comprehensive definition of the “executive” category, thus today one witnesses thecreation of an unstable structure. Also, in labour law no text allows for the identification of those whospecifically fall within the category of “executives”.It appears that it is not simple to apprehend the « executives » category. A study of the legal texts, particularlythose regarding working time, shows real bipolarity within this category. Indeed, on the one hand it appears thatsome non-executives, in certain circumstances, benefit from the same legal framework as employees, and on theother hand, executives, depending on the case, are, or are not, treated like employees.The distinction between executives and non-executives having been made, it becomes the basis of the presentstudy that aims to investigate the characteristics of the notion of executive, and the components of the specificlegal framework dedicated to executives
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Lopes, Pierre. "L’adaptation de la relation de travail pour motif économique". Thesis, Paris 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA020060.
Resumen
La compétition économique impose à l'entreprise de faire évoluer la relation de travail au rythme des contraintes qu'elle subit. Elle suppose l'adaptation des conditions d'emploi, laquelle implique de faire varier la rémunération, le temps de travail, les fonctions ou encore le lieu de travail du salarié. Semblables évolutions peuvent trouver appui sur divers dispositifs légaux, conventionnels ou contractuels, dont la mise en œuvre ne va pas, cependant, sans susciter maintes interrogations. Des réponses doivent être apportées. Est en jeu la capacité du système juridique français à donner aux entreprises des outils permettant d'assurer leur pérennité, voire leur développement et, par suite, la préservation de l'emploi. Descripteurs : emploi ; rémunération ; mobilité géographique ; mobilité professionnelle ; temps de travail ; modification du contrat de travail ; changement des conditions de travail ; négociation collective ; articulation des normes ; pouvoir de direction ; activité partielle ; licenciement pour motif économique ; droits et libertés fondamentauxEconomic competition requires the working relationship to evolve at the rate of the constraints the company undergoes. It implies adapting the employment conditions, such as remuneration, working time, professional duties or place of work. These adjustments can be made by the use of various legal, conventional or contractual mechanisms. Their utilization raises many questions. Answers must be provided. The ability of the French legal system to provide companies the tools to ensure their sustainability, even their development and, consequently, the preservation of employment, is at stake. Keywords : employment ; remuneration ; geographical mobility ; occupational mobility ; working time ; amendment to the employment contract ; change in working conditions ; collective bargaining ; articulation of legal standards ; employer's management powers ; shorttime working ; redundancy for economic reasons ; fundamental rights and freedoms of employees
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Sedlářová, Martina. "Realizace bytového domu v Uherském Hradišti". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-371950.
Resumen
The subject of this master’s thesis is elaboration of selected parts of the building tech-nology project of residential building Stepnice in Uherske Hradiste. Part of the project is technical report, estate road layout, studies of major technological stages, project of site equipment, design of major machines and mechanisms, technological regulations and control and test plans for prefabricated ceiling and masonry system. Attachment of this master´s thesis is drawings of site equipment, selected construction details, working safety, instructions for using the building, budget by items and a time plan. The aim of the project is to design appropriate and economically effective procedure for realization of the building.
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Sandevoir, Jean. "Essai sur la primauté des conventions et accords collectifs sur les contrats de travail". Thesis, Paris 2, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA020005.
Resumen
Les interactions entre les conventions et accords collectifs et les contrats de travail sont multiples. Les conflits entre ces deux types d’acte invitent à s’interroger sur la nature des rapports qu’ils entretiennent. Nombre d’éléments, tenant aux caractéristiques intrinsèques et extrinsèques des conventions et accords collectifs, suggèrent que ces derniers priment sur le contrat de travail. S’agit-il pour autant d’une absolue primauté ? Le principe de faveur permet aux salariés de faire échec à l’effet impératif du contrat collectif, singulièrement en matière de rémunération et de durée du travail. Mais pour combien de temps ? La vigueur du contrat de travail est mise à mal par les accords dérogatoires et de gestion, au premier rang desquels les accords de performance collective. Est-ce à dire que sa capacité de résistance est neutralisée ? Des réponses apportées à ces interrogations, suscitées par la question de la primauté des conventions et accords collectifs sur les contrats de travail, dépendent, pour une part, l’organisation et l’administration de l’entrepriseInteractions between collective agreements and labor contracts are numerous. Conflicts between these two types of act raise many questions about the nature of their bonds. Many elements suggest that collective agreements – due to their intrinsic and extrinsic characteristics – take precedencies over labor contracts. Still, would it be accurate to talk about an absolute primacy? The preferential principle allows employees to fail the imperative effect of collective agreement, singularly in terms of remuneration and working time. But for how long? The application of labor contract is jeopardized by derogatory and management agreements, among which and foremost the collective performance agreements. Would it then be true to say that its resilience is neutralized? Based on answers given to these questions – triggered by the one about primacy of conventions and collective agreements over labor contract – depend, partly, the organization and the administration of the company
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Razé, Laetitia. "L'âge en droit social : étude en droit européen, français et allemand". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013REN1G025/document.
Resumen
L’allongement de la durée de la vie humaine et le déficit du rapport démographique constituent de véritables défis pour les systèmes sociaux des États membres. Pour y faire face, les législateurs doivent à la fois développer une politique de protection des plus jeunes dans le cadre des relations professionnelles, tout en revisitant les logiques des seuils d’âge notamment au regard de la fin de ces relations. Cette étude a vocation à s’interroger sur l’existence d’un concept de l’âge. Fort d’une histoire culturelle, confortée par une analyse du phénomène physiologique du vieillissement par le législateur, le critère de l’âge entretient des liens particuliers avec les principes généraux du droit de l’Union, tel que le principe de la dignité humaine et le principe de l’égalité de traitement. Malgré tout, le critère de l’âge conserve une ambivalence certaine, mise en exergue à travers le principe général du droit de l’Union de non-discrimination à raison de l’âge. Cette ambivalence se manifeste plus fortement encore à l’issue des relations professionnelles, posant ainsi la question de la place de l’âge à la fin de la vie active. Ce curseur au soutien du pacte intergénérationnel, conditionnant le bénéfice de la liquidation de la pension, connaît actuellement un renouveau, dépassant les frontières des États membres. Une convergence dans le traitement de la vieillesse se crée, tendant au développement de nouvelles solidarités dans le cadre de l’entreprise (régimes professionnels d’entreprise). Il s’agit en outre de favoriser la poursuite de l’activité à un âge élevé (relèvement de l’âge légal de la retraite, décote, surcote, encadrement des régimes dérogatoires, prohibition des ruptures de la relation de travail fondée sur l’âge…) et de repenser les rapports entre les relations de travail et l’âge (cumul emploi - retraite, retraite progressive…). Ce faisant, les législateurs promeuvent un traitement de l’âge qui s’inscrit dans la problématique générale de la longévité humaine en EuropeDealing with longer life expectancy and demographic deficit is currently a huge challenge for the social system of European member states. To face this challenge, it is necessary for legislators to develop a dedicated protection policy for the young people in a business relationship context and, at the same time, to redefine age limits policy especially in business relationship termination situation.. The presented study focuses on the factuality of the « age » concept. Based on cultural history, confirmed by the legislator analysis of the physiological aging, « age » criterion is closely linked to general principles in E.U. legislation like, for example, the human dignity and the equal treatment. However, the « age » criterion still remains ambivalent which is underlined by the non-discrimination principle. This ambiguity is emphasized in business relationships which leads to the influence of the « age » in an ending working life situation. This intergenerational pact support, which influence the proceed of the pension liquidation, is currently experiencing a revival beyond E.U. member state boundaries. A converging point is achieved in old-age treatment which leads to new solidarity development schemes inside companies (like for example the company occupational scheme). An important objective is to promote the pursuance of a professional activity in order to retire later (increasing in the statutory retirement age, increment or reduce of the retirement pension, restriction of derogations, proscription of business relationship breaches if they are based on age, …) and to redefine the connection between age and business relationships (combined work and retirement, phased retirement, …). By this way, legislators promote a human longevity based age treatment in Europe
Libros sobre el tema "Working time control":
1
IFIP WG 5.4/IFAC/EWICS Working Conference on Hardware and Software for Real Time Process Control (1988 Warsaw, Poland). Hardware and software for real time process control: Proceedings of the IFIP WG 5.4/IFAC/EWICS Working Conference on Hardware and Software for Real Time Process Control, Warsaw, Poland, 30 May-1 June, 1988. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1989.
2
JANCE, J. A. Damage control. London: Harper, 2009.
3
JANCE, J. A. Damage control. New York: HarperLuxe, 2008.
4
JANCE, J. A. Damage control. New York: William Morrow, 2008.
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JANCE, J. A. Damage Control. New York: HarperCollins, 2008.
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Kolomyc, Erland. Monitoring the sustainable development of forest ecosystems in a changing climate. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/2056726.
Resumen
The monograph presents a working concept of the theory and methods of terrestrial geosystem monitoring of forests. For the first time, the complete triad of monitoring is considered in its classical definition: "observation (assessment of the state) - control (forecasting) - management (adaptation, feedback, regulation)". The patterns of local and regional response of forests to global climate change are described. The entire array of scientific and methodological developments is systematized in such a way as to reveal the content of geo-ecological monitoring using multidimensional system analysis enriched with empirical and statistical models of basic and predicted states, geo (eco) systems as integral dynamic formations. Forecasts of changes in the biological cycle, including forest productivity, are given. Analytical and cartographic models of functional stability of forest ecosystems are presented. Quantitative forecast estimates of the local and regional regulation of the carbon cycle by forest ecosystems in the context of modern global warming are presented.
For students, postgraduates and young scientists studying landscape ecology, environmental modeling and forecasting.
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SAVEL'EVA, Ekaterina. Regulation and rationing of modern labor processes. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1003198.
Resumen
A wide range of topical theoretical and practical issues of regulation and normalization of modern labor processes is considered. The materials of the training manual take into account not only the legislation and regulations currently in force in the Russian Federation, but also international standards, as well as the experience of advanced countries and companies.
The main attention is paid to the topics that have recently attracted the greatest interest: legal support for labor regulation; requirements for the content and management of regulatory documentation within the quality management system; features of regulations as electronic documents; opportunities for applying professional standards in the corporate regulatory system; technology for developing standard operating procedures, job descriptions and other regulatory documents, taking into account the requirements of the QMS; methods for reducing the implementation time of regulations. The issues of building and evaluating the effectiveness of the corporate system of labor rationing, taking into account the recommendations approved by the Ministry of labor of Russia, are considered. The description of software solutions and current tools for labor rationing is given; the legal aspects of electronic accounting of working hours and control over the performance of labor duties are analyzed, etc.
Meets the requirements of the Federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
It is intended for students studying in the direction 38.03.03 "personnel Management" and other economic and technical areas, for teachers, postgraduates, students of courses of additional professional education, as well as managers and specialists involved in practical issues of labor regulation and rationing."
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Zhu, Xingwen. ZnO bao mo zhi bei ji qi guang, dian xing neng yan jiu. 8a ed. Shanghai Shi: Shanghai da xue chu ban she, 2010.
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Discrete Time Control Systems [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.83253.
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PhD, Bill Rolfe. Working Around ADHD: How to take control, one obstacle at a time. William Rolfe PhD, 2018.
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Working time control":
1
Kremer, Monique, Robert Went y Godfried Engbersen. "Control in Life". En Research for Policy, 89–108. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78682-3_5.
Resumen
AbstractThis chapter focuses on part-time work as well as other ingredients necessary to improve control in life including paid leave, good childcare, care for the elderly and workers’ ability to determine their own working hours. How are new technogies, flexible contracts and the intensification of work affecting people's own control in life?
2
Zapata, Francisco, Maliheh Zargaran y Vladik Kreinovich. "Working on One Part at a Time Is the Best Strategy for Software Production: A Proof". En Studies in Systems, Decision and Control, 217–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-40814-5_27.
3
Samantaray, Jagannath y Sohom Chakrabarty. "Discrete Time Sliding Mode Control". En Control Theory in Engineering [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.91245.
4
Koß, Michael. "The Analysis of Talking and Working Legislatures". En Parliaments in Time, 16–39. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198766919.003.0002.
Resumen
This chapter discusses agenda control and committee power as the most important features of talking and working legislatures. Agenda control is regarded as centralized if governments possess privileges in two or more of its defining dimensions (timetable, positive, and negative control). Correspondingly, legislative committees are regarded as powerful if at least permanence and rewrite authority are present. This chapter also discusses existing explanations for the distribution of agenda control and committee power. From this discussion follows the methodological decision to first develop a theoretical model of procedural change whose hypotheses are examined in a qualitative process-tracing analysis focusing on controlled cross-case comparisons of four types of procedural reforms (path changes plus path-dependent, incremental, and failed reforms).
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Kim, Kangsoo. "Reconfigurable Minimum-Time Autonomous Marine Vehicle Guidance in Variable Sea Currents". En Automation and Control [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.92013.
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Vandierendonck, André. "Multicomponent Working Memory System with Distributed Executive Control". En Working Memory, 150–74. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198842286.003.0006.
Resumen
The working memory model with distributed executive control accounts for the interactions between working memory and multi-tasking performance. The working memory system supports planned actions by relying on two capacity-limited domain-general and two time-limited domain-specific modules. Domain-general modules are the episodic buffer and the executive module. The episodic buffer stores multimodal representations and uses attentional refreshment to counteract information loss and to consolidate information in episodic long-term memory. The executive module maintains domain-general information relevant for the current task. The phonological buffer and the visuospatial module are domain specific; the former uses inner speech to maintain and to rehearse phonological information, whereas the latter holds visual and spatial representations active by means of image revival. For its operation, working memory interacts with declarative and procedural long-term memory, gets input from sensory registers, and uses the motor system for output.
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Ramasamy, Sivasamy y Wilford B. Molefe. "Markov models related to inventory systems, control charts and forecasting methods". En Markov Model [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.1001362.
Resumen
A Markov model describes a randomly varying system that satisfies the Markov property. This means that future and past states at any time are independent of the current state. The most commonly used Markov models are Markov chains and higher-order Markov chains. Therefore, three types of Markov models are proposed in this chapter of the book: (i) Supply chain management, (ii) Markov queue waiting time monitoring, and (iii) Markov fuzzy time series forecasting. The introduction introduces the Markov chain (MC) and summarizes the most important aspects of Markov chain analysis. Using the classical (0, Q) policy, the first model explores a Markov queue coupled to a storage system. The second model focuses on the M/M/1/N service mode and develops a control chart for an Ms/Ms/1/N type simulated queue to monitor customer waiting times. The third is a higher-order Markov model (HOMM), which uses fuzzy sets to predict future states based on given hypothetical time series data. Numerical calculations are designed to find optimal order quantities, monitor customer wait times, and predict future HOMM conditions
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Busra Eroglu, Gozde. "Pest Insects and Their Biological Control". En Cotton [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.101980.
Resumen
Cotton is an industrial plant with a high commercial value. It is used in various fields such as textile, food (cotton oil), gunpowder industry, paper, and furniture production. One of the most important problems encountered during cotton production is insects that feed on cotton and cause economic loss. The intensive amount of pesticides is used by the producers for the control of pest insects. As insects gain resistance to pesticides over time, the amount of chemical pesticides applied is gradually increasing. Chemical products are quite harmful to both living things and the environment. For this reason, there is a need to popularize biological control methods instead of using pesticides to control pests. In this chapter, detailed information about insect species causing damage to cotton and biological control methods is given.
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Peretz, Yossi. "Algorithms for LQR via Static Output Feedback for Discrete-Time LTI Systems". En Control Theory in Engineering [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.89319.
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Kishore, Devarapalli y Vaska Lokesh. "Modeling and Identification of Two Tank System Using Relay Feedback: An Experimental Approach". En PID Control [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.106568.
Resumen
An experimental approach for modeling and identification of two tank system was considered. For the system that we considered modeling has been carried out with theoretical values. The practically obtained values from series of experiments the used to correlate the simulated values, the process we have considered is the MIMO process which is difficult being the interaction exists, the interactions can be eliminated for better control action using the existing the methods. Simulations with MATLAB has been carried out and the simulated results are used in the real time experimental set using LAB VIEW. There is great degree of the Accuracy between the estimated values and simulated which can be practically demonstrated with the experimental setup. In this relay feedback approach is being considered for conducting the autocuing test to estimate the parameters.
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Working time control":
1
Jung-Ik Yoon, In-Sup Um y Hong-Chul Lee. "Simulation design method with operator’s working time". En 2008 International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccas.2008.4694462.
2
Siemieniak, M. "Working time losses in production lines with hybrid automation - case study". En Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Robot Motion and Control. IEEE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/romoco.2004.240962.
3
Kazumitsu, Kikuchi. "Self-Assessment and Working time on Nut Size Distinction Skill of Marine Engineers". En 2022 22nd International Conference on Control, Automation and Systems (ICCAS). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/iccas55662.2022.10003770.
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Jianhu, Chen y Si Juanning. "Dynamic Theta Oscillation in Frontotemporal systems Process Object and Time in Working Memory". En 2022 5th International Conference on Intelligent Robotics and Control Engineering (IRCE). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/irce55557.2022.9962991.
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Lian, Feng-Li, James Moyne y Dawn Tilbury. "Time Delay Modeling and Sample Time Selection for Networked Control Systems". En ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/dsc-24539.
Resumen
Abstract This paper discusses the impact of network architecture on control performance in a class of distributed control systems called Networked Control Systems (NCS), and provides design considerations related to control quality of performance (QoP) as well as network quality of service (QoS). The integrated network-control system changes the characteristics of time delays between application devices. This study first identifies several key components of the time delay through an analysis of network protocols and control dynamics. The analysis of network and control parameters is used to determine an acceptable working range of sampling periods in an NCS. A network-control simulator and an experimental networked machine tool have been developed to help validate and demonstrate the performance analysis results, and identify the special performance characteristics in an NCS. These performance characteristics are useful guidelines for choosing the network and control parameters when designing an NCS.
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Hua Zong y Yun Zhang. "A Real-time Recognition of Working Patterns to Fault Diagnosis Based on BP Neural Network". En 2006 6th World Congress on Intelligent Control and Automation. IEEE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/wcica.2006.1714181.
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Liu, Guangyu y Xinpeng Wu. "Time Series Clustering and Evaluation of Unknown Working Conditions of Mismatched Photovoltaic Array Systems". En 2018 IEEE 4th International Conference on Control Science and Systems Engineering (ICCSSE). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccsse.2018.8724682.
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Pao, Shih-Yung, Qiao-Qiao Pan y Min-Chiang Chao. "An efficient AT-cut quartz crystal resonator design tool for activity dip in working temperature range". En 2011 Joint Conference of the IEEE International Frequency Control and the European Frequency and Time Forum (FCS). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/fcs.2011.5977787.
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Aerne, Nicholas y John P. Parmigiani. "The Effect of Temperature, Thickness, and Working Time on Adhesive Properties". En ASME 2018 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2018-86737.
Resumen
The need for lightweight components and non-destructive fastening techniques has led to the growth of adhesive use in many industries. Modeling the behavior of adhesives in fastening joints can help in the design process to make an optimized joint. To optimize joints in the design process, the loading conditions, environmental conditions of service, thickness of bond, and bonding procedures all need to be refined for the adhesive of interest. However, in available technical data sheets of adhesives provided by manufactures there is a gap in what is sufficient to accurately model and predict the behavior of real-world adhesive conditions. This body of research presents the results of the effects of temperature, thickness, and working time on adhesive properties. These effects can be observed with test specimens from the loading modes of interest. The loading modes of interest are mode I and mode II loading for the current study. The specimen for mode I loading is the Double Cantilever Beam, and for mode II loading is the Shear Loaded Dual Cantilever Beam. The effect of temperature will be tested by testing each specimen at −20°C, 20°C, and 40°C. Two bond thicknesses for adhesive thickness effects were tested. The working time had a control group bonded in the recommended working time and an expired working time group where the specimens were not joined until 10 minutes had passed from the recommended working time. Triplicates of each specimen at the respective conditions were tested. The adhesive selected for this research was Plexus MA832. The results of the experiment show that adhesive factors such as temperature, thickness, and working time can have degrading effects on adhesive performance in mode I and mode II.
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Ueda, Kimi, Kohei Yumura, Hirotake Ishii, Hiroshi Shimoda y Fumiaki Obayashi. "An Analysis of the Effect of Integrated Thermal Control on Cognitive Task Performance Using Time-Series Changes in Intellectual Concentration". En 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002270.
Resumen
In today’s developed information society, improving the performance of intellectual work is considered important not only for increasing corporate profits but also for improving occupational health, including improving work-life balance. Therefore, various methods have been attempted to improve intellectual work performance. Since the workplace environment during intellectual work is known to affect performance, many efforts have been made to improve intellectual work performance by devising the workplace environment. Based on the knowledge from many studies which have focused only on the environment during working or only on the environment during breaks, the authors have proposed integrated thermal control, which combines and controls both the environments during working and breaks, and have examined the effect of this proposed control on the performance of intellectual work.In our previous studies [1-3], we have shown the performance-enhancing effect of integrated thermal control throughout the day using the concentration time ratio (CTR), which is a performance evaluation index of the ratio of time when workers concentrated on their work during their working time. However, although performance during work changes moment by moment due to accumulation of fatigue and other factors, time-series changes in intellectual performance during work was not examined, and the details of the effects of integrated thermal control on performance remain unclear.Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze and evaluate the effects of integrated thermal control on work performance in more detail by focusing on the time-series changes in concentration on intellectual work. For the analysis, the answering time data of the cognitive task for intellectual concentration evaluation [4], which was obtained by 44 participants performing 4 sets of 30 minutes each in the integrated thermal control condition using airflow and control conditions, was used to calculate the time-series changes of intellectual concentration based on the idea of conventional CTR calculation method. The calculated time-series data was separated by Ward’s method of clustering. As a result of clustering, for example, the number of data included in the cluster that tended to decrease in concentration during the 30-minute work period decreased in the integrated thermal control condition compared with the control condition. Results suggested the possibility that the integrated thermal control improved intellectual performance throughout the day by suppressing the decline in concentration during each working period.[1] Kimi Ueda, et al.: An experimental study on integrated thermal control of office room and break room to improve intellectual concentration, Roomvent & Ventilation 2018 Conference, pp.43-48, 2018.[2] Soma Kawamoto, et al.: An Experimental Study on Airflow Control to Improve Intellectual Concentration, Roomvent & Ventilation 2018 Conference, pp.31-36, 2018.[3] Kimi Ueda, et al.: A Study of Analysis Framework to Construct Mechanism Model of Intellectual Productivity Changes Affected by Workplace Environment, The 8th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics, pp.121-131 2017.[4] Kimi Ueda, et al.: Development of a new cognitive task to measure intellectual concentration affected by room environment, The Fifth International Conference on Human-Environment System ICHES2016 Nagoya, 2016.
Informes sobre el tema "Working time control":
1
Bravo-Ureta, Boris E., Daniel Solís y Horacio Cocchi. Adoption of Soil Conservation Technologies in El Salvador: A Cross-Section and Over-Time Analysis. Inter-American Development Bank, diciembre de 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011135.
Resumen
This paper examines the determinants of adoption of soil conservation technologies among farmers participating in the Environmental Program of El Salvador (PAES). A sample of PAES participants was surveyed in 2002, from which a sub-sample was re-surveyed in 2005 along with a control group of non-participating households. The methodology included two adoption models (Conservation Practices and Conservation Structures) using two separate samples (PAES beneficiaries 2002-2005 and beneficiaries-control group 2005), and two probit models were estimated to examine the disadoption of practices and structures using the 2002-2005 data for PAES beneficiaries. The outcome was PAES beneficiaries have increased significantly the area treated with conservation between 2002 and 2005. This working paper is one of three evaluations commissioned by OVE on the impact of the Programa Ambiental de El Salvador (PAES), as a stand-alone product in the office's 2005-2006 ex-post evaluation cycle.
2
Bwerinofa, Iyleen Judy, Jacob Mahenehene, Makiwa Manaka, Bulisiwe Mulotshwa, Felix Murimbarimba, Moses Mutoko, Vincent Sarayi y Ian Scoones. Living Through a Pandemic: Competing Covid-19 Narratives in Rural Zimbabwe. Institute of Development Studies, agosto de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2022.058.
Resumen
Through a real time analysis of the Covid-19 pandemic across rural Zimbabwe, this Working Paper explores the competing narratives that framed responses and their politics. Based on 20 moments of reflection over two years, together with ongoing document and media analysis and an intensive period of qualitative interviewing, a complex, dynamic story of the pandemic ‘drama’ emerges, which contrasts with snapshot perspectives. Across the period, a science-led public health narrative intersects with a security and control narrative promoted by the state and is countered by a citizens’ narrative that emphasises autonomy, independence, and local innovation. The politics of this contestation over narratives about appropriate pandemic responses are examined over three periods – reflecting different waves of infection – and in relation to two conjunctures – an early, strict lockdown and the rollout of vaccines. Different narratives gain ascendancy and overlap at different times, but a local citizen-led narrative emerges strongly in the context of heavy-handed lockdowns, inadequate state capacity, and struggles around rural livelihoods. The pandemic has reshaped relationships between the state and citizens in important ways, with self-reliance rooted in local resilience central to local pandemic responses.
3
Abbott, Pamela, Dickson Malunda y Ismael Byaruhanga. Assessing the Impact and Scalability of Participatory Homegrown Programs on Reducing and Redistributing Unpaid Care Work among Women in Rwanda: A Case of Reseaux des Femmes' Unpaid Care Work Project in Rwanda: Baseline Report. Centre for Global Development, University of Aberdeen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/21125.
Resumen
This report provides a descriptive overview of the quantitative baseline data collected in January and February 2022 for a research project evaluating a complex social intervention to reduce and redistribute women’s unpaid care work (UCW) in Rwanda using homegrown solutions. The intervention aims to reduce and redistribute UCW undertaken by women in Rwanda's rural areas, thereby improving their quality of life and increasing their empowerment. The findings discussed in this report are from a survey of intervention and control households and 7-day time diaries completed by husbands and wives in each household, with some illustrative material from simultaneous qualitative research. The research design for the project is a cluster trial informed by critical realism (CRCT) , combining quantitative and qualitative research methods to explain what works for whom under what circumstances. The intention is not just to identify the changes that can be attributed to the intervention but to develop explanatory theories of why the changes took place (Danermark et al., 2019; Porter et al., 2017; Porter and O’Halloran, 2012). The purpose of a Working Paper at this stage of the project is mostly to describe the lives and subordination of rural women as revealed by the baseline survey and, in the process, to identify any differences between control and intervention groups which have occurred by chance and will need to be controlled statistically in the analysis of the final results.
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Research, IFF. FSA and Official Controls: Research with Food Business Operators. Food Standards Agency, febrero de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.drn484.
Resumen
The Food Standards Agency (FSA) is an independent Government body, established in 2000 to protect public health and consumer interests in relation to food. The FSA is the Central Competent Authority (CCA) responsible for the delivery of official food and feed controls in England, Northern Ireland and Wales.. In Northern Ireland, officials from the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) carry out meat hygiene official controls in approved establishments on behalf of the FSA. Food Business Operators (FBOs) in the dairy, meat and wine sectors have a direct relationship with the Food Standards Agency (FSA) via its Official Controls, including inspections, enforcement, advice and guidance. The FSA and local authorities work together deliver shellfish controls. The FSA is responsible for conducting sanitary surveys and awarding the classification status of production and relaying areas. Some FBOs in the shellfish sector have a direct relationship with the FSA in relation to its functions however local authorities are the primary point of contact for the majority. This research study – collecting the views of FBOs themselves – was intended to support the rollout of the OTP programme, and the implementation of Official Controls. The study entailed a quantitative survey of 400 FBOs based in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, followed by in-depth interviews with 60 FBOs. Fieldwork took place between June and August 2022. Questionnaire coverage included FBOs’ experience of working with the FSA, their understanding of what the FSA does, the impacts of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, the UK’s exit from the European Union (EU), and their familiarity with the OTP. The methodology adopted a similar approach to the first wave of the research, conducted in 2020, to enable time series analysis. However, this 2022 wave of the research has expanded to include the views of FBOs in Northern Ireland and those in the shellfish sector.
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Moreda, Fekadu, Benjamin Lord, Mauro Nalesso, Pedro Coli Valdes Daussa y Juliana Corrales. Hydro-BID: New Functionalities (Reservoir, Sediment and Groundwater Simulation Modules). Inter-American Development Bank, noviembre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009312.
Resumen
The Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) provides financial and technicalsupport for infrastructure projects in water and sanitation, irrigation, flood control, transport, and energy, and for development projects in agriculture, urban systems, and natural resources. Many of these projects depend upon water resources and may be affected negatively by climate change and other developments that alter water availability, such as population growth and shifts in land use associated with urbanization, industrial growth, and agricultural practices. Assessing the potential for future changes in water availability is an important step toward ensuring that infrastructure and other development projects meet their operational, financial, and economic goals. It is also important to examine the implications of such projects for the future allocation of available water among competing users and uses to mitigate potential conflict and to ensure such projects are consistent with long-term regional development plans and preservation of essential ecosystem services. As part of its commitment to help member countries adapt to climate change, the IDB is sponsoring work to develop and apply the Regional Water Resources Simulation Model for Latin America and the Caribbean, an integrated suite of watershed modeling tools known as Hydro-BID. Hydro-BID is a highly scalable modeling system that includes hydrology and climate analysis modules to estimate the availability of surface water (stream flows) at the regional, basin, and sub-basin scales. The system includes modules for incorporating the effects of groundwater and reservoirs on surface water flows and for estimating sediment loading. Data produced by Hydro-BID are useful for water balance analysis, water allocation decisions, and economic analysis and decision support tools to help decision-makers make informed choices among alternative designs for infrastructure projects and alternative policies for water resources management. IDB sponsored the development of Hydro-BID and provides the software and basic training free of charge to authorized users; see hydrobidlac.org. The system was developed by RTI International as an adaptation of RTI's proprietary WaterFALL® modeling software, based on over 30 years of experience developing and using the U.S. National Hydrography Dataset (NHDPlus) in support to the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In Phase I of this effort, RTI prepared a working version of Hydro-BID that includes: (1) the Analytical Hydrography Dataset for Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC AHD), a digital representation of 229,300 catchments in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean with their corresponding topography, river, and stream segments; (2) a geographic information system (GIS)-based navigation tool to browse AHD catchments and streams with the capability of navigating upstream and downstream; (3) a user interface for specifying the area and period to be modeled and the period and location for which water availability will be simulated; (4) a climate data interface to obtain rainfall and temperature inputs for the area and period of interest; (5) a rainfall-runoff model based on the Generalized Watershed Loading Factor (GWLF) formulation; and (6) a routing scheme for quantifying time of travel and cumulative flow estimates across downstream catchments. Hydro-BID generates output in the form of daily time series of flow estimates for the selected location and period. The output can be summarized as a monthly time series at the user's discretion. In Phase II of this effort, RTI has prepared an updated version of Hydro-BID that includes (1) improvements to the user interface; (2) a module to simulate the effect of reservoirs on downstream flows; (3) a module to link Hydro-BID and groundwater models developed with MODFLOW and incorporate water exchanges between groundwater and surface water compartments into the simulation of sur
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Crossan, Mary, Gerard Seijts, Jeffrey Gandz y Carol Stephenson. Leadership on Trial : A Manifesto for Leadership Development. Richard Ivey School of Business, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5206/iveypub.44.2010.
Resumen
Recent books and articles have analyzed the causes of the global financial and economic crisis of 2007-09. Yet little attention has been paid to the quality of leadership in organizations that were at the epicentre of the storm, were victims of it, avoided it or even prospered from it. In the summer of 2009 a multi-disciplinary group of Ivey faculty decided to look at the leadership dimensions of the recent financial and economic crisis. We started by writing a working paper that laid out our preliminary views. We then engaged more than 300 business, public sector and not-for-profit leaders in small and large groups, as individuals and collectives, to get their reaction to this paper and, more generally, to discuss te role that organizational leadership played before, during and after the crisis. We examined leadership not just in the financial sector but also in many other public and private sector organizations that were affected by the crisis. In a sense, we were putting leadership on trial. Our aim in doing this was not to identify and assign blame. Rather, we examined leadership during this critical period in recent history to learn what we could, and use the learning to improve practice in leadership today and the development of next generation leaders. As we analyzed the role of leadership in this crisis we were faced with one major question: "Would better leadership have made a difference?" Our answer is unequivocal: "Yes!" We recognize that many people could argue it is unfair to criticize leaders whose decisions were based on their knowledge of the situation at the time and which only eventually, with the aid of 20/20 hindsight proved bad. We respect this view but we disagree with it. Some business and public sector leaders predicted better than others the bursting of the housing bubble and financial markets turmoil, positioned their organizations to avoid problems, and coped with them skillfully. Their organizations were not badly damaged by the crisis and some even prospered. Some governments and regulatory agencies' control and monitoring systems were superior to those in the U.S., the U.K., Ireland, Spain, Iceland and other countries that had to bail out their banks and other industries. Our evidence supports the conclusion that these companies, these agencies, these governments and these countries had better leadership. Good leadership mattered then and good leadership will matter in the future. We are presenting our conclusions about what good leadership involves in the form of a public statement of principles - a manifesto that addresses what good leaders do, who they are, and how they can be developed in organizations.
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Dickman, Martin B. y Oded Yarden. Genetic and chemical intervention in ROS signaling pathways affecting development and pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. United States Department of Agriculture, julio de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2015.7699866.bard.
Resumen
Abstract: The long-term goals of our research are to understand the regulation of sclerotial development and pathogenicity in S. sclerotior11111. The focus in this project was on the elucidation of the signaling events and environmental cues involved in the regulation of these processes, utilizing and continuously developing tools our research groups have established and/or adapted for analysis of S. sclerotiorum, Our stated objectives: To take advantage of the recent conceptual (ROS/PPs signaling) and technical (amenability of S. sclerotiorumto manipulations coupled with chemical genomics and next generation sequencing) developments to address and extend our fundamental and potentially applicable knowledge of the following questions concerning the involvement of REDOX signaling and protein dephosphorylation in the regulation of hyphal/sclerotial development and pathogenicity of S. sclerotiorum: (i) How do defects in genes involved in ROS signaling affect S. sclerotiorumdevelopment and pathogenicity? (ii) In what manner do phosphotyrosinephosphatases affect S. sclerotiorumdevelopment and pathogenicity and how are they linked with ROS and other signaling pathways? And (iii) What is the nature of activity of newly identified compounds that affect S. sclerotiori,111 growth? What are the fungal targets and do they interfere with ROS signaling? We have met a significant portion of the specific goals set in our research project. Much of our work has been published. Briefly. we can summarize that: (a) Silencing of SsNox1(NADPHoxidase) expression indicated a central role for this enzyme in both virulence and pathogenic development, while inactivation of the SsNox2 gene resulted in limited sclerotial development, but the organism remained fully pathogenic. (b) A catalase gene (Scatl), whose expression was highly induced during host infection is involved in hyphal growth, branching, sclerotia formation and infection. (c) Protein tyrosine phosphatase l (ptpl) is required for sclerotial development and is involved in fungal infection. (d) Deletion of a superoxidedismutase gene (Sssodl) significantly reduced in virulence on both tomato and tobacco plants yet pathogenicity was mostly restored following supplementation with oxalate. (e) We have participated in comparative genome sequence analysis of S. sclerotiorumand B. cinerea. (f) S. sclerotiorumexhibits a potential switch between biotrophic and necrotrophic lifestyles (g) During plant microbe interactions cell death can occur in both resistant and susceptible events. Non pathogenic fungal mutants S. sclerotior111n also cause a cell death but with opposing results. We investigated PCD in more detail and showed that, although PCD occurs in both circumstances they exhibit distinctly different features. The mutants trigger a restricted cell death phenotype in the host that unexpectedly exhibits markers associated with the plant hypersensitive (resistant) response. Using electron and fluorescence microscopy, chemical effectors and reverse genetics, we have established that this restricted cell death is autophagic. Inhibition of autophagy rescued the non-pathogenic mutant phenotype. These findings indicate that autophagy is a defense response in this interaction Thus the control of cell death, dictated by the plant (autophagy) סr the fungus (apoptosis), is decisive to the outcome of certain plant microbe interactions. In addition to the time and efforts invested towards reaching the specific goals mentioned, both Pls have initiated utilizing (as stated as an objective in our proposal) state of the art RNA-seq tools in order to harness this technology for the study of S. sclerotiorum. The Pls have met twice (in Israel and in the US), in order to discuss .נחd coordinate the research efforts. This included a working visit at the US Pls laboratory for performing RNA-seq experiments and data analysis as well as working on a joint publication (now published). The work we have performed expands our understanding of the fundamental biology (developmental and pathogenic) of S. sclerotioז111וז. Furthermore, based on our results we have now reached the conclusion that this fungus is not a bona fide necrotroph, but can also display a biotrophic lifestyle at the early phases of infection. The data obtained can eventually serve .נ basis of rational intervention with the disease cycle of this pathogen.
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Weissinger, Rebecca. Trends in water quality at Bryce Canyon National Park, water years 2006–2021. Editado por Alice Wondrak Biel. National Park Service, noviembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2294946.
Resumen
The National Park Service collects water-quality samples on a rotating basis at three fixed water-quality stations in Bryce Canyon National Park (NP): Sheep Creek, Yellow Creek, and Mossy Cave Spring. Data collection began at Sheep Creek and Yellow Creek in November 2005 and at Mossy Cave in July 2008. Data on in-situ parameters, fecal-coliform samples, major ions, and nutrients are collected monthly, while trace elements are sampled quarterly. This report analyzes data from the beginning of the period of record for each station through water year 2021 to test for trends over time. Concentrations are also compared to relevant water-quality standards for the State of Utah. Overall, water quality at the park’s monitoring stations continues to be excellent, and park managers have been successful in their goal of maintaining these systems in unimpaired condition. Infrequent but continued Escherichia coli exceedances from trespass livestock at Sheep and Yellow creeks support the need for regular fence maintenance along the park boundary. High-quality conditions may qualify all three sites as Category 1 waters, the highest level of anti-degradation protection provided by the State of Utah. Minimum and maximum air temperatures at the park have increased, while precipitation remains highly variable. Increasing air temperatures have led to increasing water temperatures in Sheep and Yellow creeks. Sheep Creek also had a decrease in flow across several quantiles from 2006 to 2021, while higher flows decreased at Yellow Creek in the same period. Surface flows in these two creeks are likely to be increasingly affected by higher evapotranspiration due to warming air temperatures and possibly decreasing snowmelt runoff as the climate changes. The influx of ancient groundwater in both creek drainages helps sustain base flows at the sites. Mossy Cave Spring, which is sampled close to the spring emergence point, showed less of a climate signal than Sheep and Yellow creeks. In our record, the spring shows a modest increase in discharge, including higher flows at higher air temperatures. An uptick in visitation to Water Canyon and the Mossy Cave Trail has so far not been reflected by changes in water quality. There are additional statistical trends in water-quality parameters at all three sites. However, most of these trends are quite small and are likely ecologically negligible. Some statistical trends may be the result of instrument changes and improvements in quality assurance and quality control over time in both the field sampling effort and the laboratory analyses. Long-term monitoring of water-quality stations at Bryce Canyon NP suggests relatively stable aquatic systems that benefit from protection within the park. To maintain these unimpaired conditions into the future, park managers could consider: Regular fence checks and maintenance along active grazing allotments at the park boundary to protect riparian areas and aquatic systems from trespass livestock. Developing a springs-monitoring program to track changes in springflow at spring emergences to better understand bedrock-aquifer water supplies. These data would also help quantify springflow for use in water-rights hearings. Supporting hydrogeologic investigations to map the extent and flow paths of groundwater aquifers. Working with the State of Utah to develop groundwater-protection zones to protect groundwater aquifers from developments that would affect springs in the park. Prioritizing watershed management with proactive fire risk-reduction practices. Explicitly including watershed protection as a goal in plans for fire management and suppression. Using additional data and analyses to better understand the drivers of trends in water quality and their ecological significance. These could include higher-frequency data to better understand relationships between groundwater, precipitation, and surface flows at the sites. These could also include watershed metrics...
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Stall, Nathan M., Kevin A. Brown, Antonina Maltsev, Aaron Jones, Andrew P. Costa, Vanessa Allen, Adalsteinn D. Brown et al. COVID-19 and Ontario’s Long-Term Care Homes. Ontario COVID-19 Science Advisory Table, enero de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47326/ocsat.2021.02.07.1.0.
Resumen
Key Message Ontario long-term care (LTC) home residents have experienced disproportionately high morbidity and mortality, both from COVID-19 and from the conditions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. There are several measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes, if implemented. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Third, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by approaches that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Summary Background The Province of Ontario has 626 licensed LTC homes and 77,257 long-stay beds; 58% of homes are privately owned, 24% are non-profit/charitable, 16% are municipal. LTC homes were strongly affected during Ontario’s first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic. Questions What do we know about the first and second waves of COVID-19 in Ontario LTC homes? Which risk factors are associated with COVID-19 outbreaks in Ontario LTC homes and the extent and death rates associated with outbreaks? What has been the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the general health and wellbeing of LTC residents? How has the existing Ontario evidence on COVID-19 in LTC settings been used to support public health interventions and policy changes in these settings? What are the further measures that could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes? Findings As of January 14, 2021, a total of 3,211 Ontario LTC home residents have died of COVID-19, totaling 60.7% of all 5,289 COVID-19 deaths in Ontario to date. There have now been more cumulative LTC home outbreaks during the second wave as compared with the first wave. The infection and death rates among LTC residents have been lower during the second wave, as compared with the first wave, and a greater number of LTC outbreaks have involved only staff infections. The growth rate of SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC residents was slower during the first two months of the second wave in September and October 2020, as compared with the first wave. However, the growth rate after the two-month mark is comparatively faster during the second wave. The majority of second wave infections and deaths in LTC homes have occurred between December 1, 2020, and January 14, 2021 (most recent date of data extraction prior to publication). This highlights the recent intensification of the COVID-19 pandemic in LTC homes that has mirrored the recent increase in community transmission of SARS-CoV-2 across Ontario. Evidence from Ontario demonstrates that the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks and subsequent deaths in LTC are distinct from the risk factors for outbreaks and deaths in the community (Figure 1). The most important risk factors for whether a LTC home will experience an outbreak is the daily incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections in the communities surrounding the home and the occurrence of staff infections. The most important risk factors for the magnitude of an outbreak and the number of resulting resident deaths are older design, chain ownership, and crowding. Figure 1. Anatomy of Outbreaks and Spread of COVID-19 in LTC Homes and Among Residents Figure from Peter Hamilton, personal communication. Many Ontario LTC home residents have experienced severe and potentially irreversible physical, cognitive, psychological, and functional declines as a result of precautionary public health interventions imposed on homes, such as limiting access to general visitors and essential caregivers, resident absences, and group activities. There has also been an increase in the prescribing of psychoactive drugs to Ontario LTC residents. The accumulating evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been leveraged in several ways to support public health interventions and policy during the pandemic. Ontario evidence showed that SARS-CoV-2 infections among LTC staff was associated with subsequent COVID-19 deaths among LTC residents, which motivated a public order to restrict LTC staff from working in more than one LTC home in the first wave. Emerging Ontario evidence on risk factors for LTC home outbreaks and deaths has been incorporated into provincial pandemic surveillance tools. Public health directives now attempt to limit crowding in LTC homes by restricting occupancy to two residents per room. The LTC visitor policy was also revised to designate a maximum of two essential caregivers who can visit residents without time limits, including when a home is experiencing an outbreak. Several further measures could be effective in preventing COVID-19 outbreaks, hospitalizations, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes. First, temporary staffing could be minimized by improving staff working conditions. Second, the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in staff could be minimized by measures that reduce the risk of transmission in communities with a high burden of COVID-19. Third, LTC homes could be further decrowded by a continued disallowance of three- and four-resident rooms and additional temporary housing for the most crowded homes. Other important issues include improved prevention and detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection in LTC staff, enhanced infection prevention and control (IPAC) capacity within the LTC homes, a more balanced and nuanced approach to public health measures and IPAC strategies in LTC homes, strategies to promote vaccine acceptance amongst residents and staff, and further improving data collection on LTC homes, residents, staff, visitors and essential caregivers for the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Interpretation Comparisons of the first and second waves of the COVID-19 pandemic in the LTC setting reveal improvement in some but not all epidemiological indicators. Despite this, the second wave is now intensifying within LTC homes and without action we will likely experience a substantial additional loss of life before the widespread administration and time-dependent maximal effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines. The predictors of outbreaks, the spread of infection, and deaths in Ontario’s LTC homes are well documented and have remained unchanged between the first and the second wave. Some of the evidence on COVID-19 in Ontario’s LTC homes has been effectively leveraged to support public health interventions and policies. Several further measures, if implemented, have the potential to prevent additional LTC home COVID-19 outbreaks and deaths.
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Şeker, Muzaffer, Ali Özer, Zekeriya Tosun, Cem Korkut y Mürsel Doğrul, eds. The Assessment Report on COVID-19 Global Outbreak. Türkiye Bilimler Akademisi, junio de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53478/tuba.2020.119.
Resumen
"In late December 2019, a large number of patients with unknown causes of pneumonia were reported by press from a seafood market in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. This coronavirus was originally named the 2019 new coronavirus (2019-nCoV) by the World Health Organization (WHO) on January 12, 2020. The Coronavirus Working Group (CSG) of the WHO and International Committee proposed to call the new virus SARS-CoV-2 on February 11, 2020. As a result of the samples taken from the patient, the whole genome sequence of the SARS-CoV-2 was isolated on January 7, 2020, by Chinese scientists in a short time. WHO announced on February 11, 2020; that “COVID-19” will become the official name of the disease. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, director of the WHO, said the epidemic meant “ko”, “corona”, “vi” for “virus” and “d” for “disease” as first described on December 31, 2019. Such a name has been preferred to avoid stigmatizing a particular region, animal species or human. The infection, which started to spread first in China and then in nearby countries, spread to most countries later on. The epidemic soon reached an international dimension, affecting the whole world. As a result, the WHO considered COVID-19 as an international public health problem and declared it as a pandemic on January 30, 2020. In humans, coronaviruses cause some cases of colds and respiratory infections that can be fatal, such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS), and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In recent years, new viral infections have been detected periodically in various countries. The first epidemic; was observed in 2002-2003 as a result of the crossing of a new coronavirus from bat origin to humans through palm civet cats in Guangdong Province, China. This virus, called SARS, affected a total of 8422 people in China and caused 916 deaths (11% mortality, however different rates are given in different literatures). The second epidemic event occurred approximately 10 years later. In 2012, the MERS coronavirus (MERS-CoV) emerged from bat origin through a dromedary camel in Saudi Arabia. It affected a total of 2494 people and caused 858 deaths (mortality rate of 34%). WHO has declared it as a pandemic after the outbreak and scientists are doing great efforts to identify the characterization of the new coronavirus and to develop antiviral therapies and vaccines. Clinical studies and vaccination studies are still ongoing fastly. Also, the pathogenesis of the virus is still not fully known, and new studies are needed in this regard. Currently, effective infection control intervention is the only way to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. The most appropriate prophylactic regimen for patients under observation due to COVID-19 related disease is unknown. For this reason, treatment protocols should be planned by following the current guidelines. This study consists of evaluating the opinions about the history of pandemics associated with COVID-19, related definitions and the projects being carried out with the compilation of available resources, the development stages of the pandemic and the projection of postpandemic interaction so far."