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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Whole plants"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Whole plants"
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Chaidir, Nadia. "Whole-genome comparative promoter sequence analysis in plants." Thesis, McGill University, 2014. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=123303.
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Large-scale genome-wide comparative analyses are now made possible by the increasing number of publicly available high-quality genome sequence data for numerous plant species. To understand the mechanisms of transcriptional regulation, computational analysis tools were used to find overrepresented and conserved DNA sequences, i.e. cis-regulatory elements. Datasets used as positive input for computational identification of regulatory regions commonly include promoters of co-regulated genes or promoters of orthologous genes (Wang and Stormo, 2003).We discovered de novo motif using two approaches, seperately; 1) discovery based on orthology relationship of the genes in 18 plant species and 2) discovery based on co-regulated genes in specific tissues from soybean gene expression RNA-Seq data. In the first approach, a combination of several bioinformatics tools were used to predict motifs in promoter region based on clusters of orthologous genes in whole-genome datasets of Arabidopsis lyrata, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon, Carica papaya, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Glycine max, Linus usitatissimum, Malus domestica, Manihot esculenta, Medicago truncatula, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus trichocarpa, Selaginella moellendorfii, Sorghum bicolor, Vitis vinivera, Volvox carteri and Zea mays. The results have shown that many promoters of orthologous plant genes contain similar cis-regulatory motifs. In addition, inclusion of more evolutionary distant organism led to detection of very conserved motifs, i.e. motifs that have similar function in wider variety of organisms. In the second approach, bioinformatics tools were used to find motifs in promoter region of co-regulated genes in shoot apical meristem and shoot epidermis of three soybean cultivars. The results have shows that promoters of co-regulated genes in specific tissues contain similar cis-regulatory motifs.Since generating genome-scale datasets requires extensive computational resources that are not always readily available, we created a relational database that houses pre-computed and post-processed whole-genome comparative analysis of promoter regions. The database contains motif sequences, annotations, clusters of orthologous genes and other useful information associated with them, for 18 plant genomes.<br>L'étude d'association pangénomique est maintenant rendue possible par le nombre de séquences génétiques de hautes qualités qui sont disponibles pour plusieurs espèces végétales. Pour comprendre les mécanismes de régulation de la transcription, un nombre d'outils d'analyses informatiques ont été développé pour identifier les éléments cis-régulatoires. Les bases de données utilisées comme saisie positive pour l'identification informatique des régions de régulation incluent communément les promoteurs des gènes co-régulés ainsi que des gènes orthologues (Wang et Stormo, 2003).Pour découvrir les motifs de novo, nous avons utilisé deux techniques; 1) une découverte basée sur la relation orthologue des gènes de 18 espèces végétales et, 2) une découverte basée sur les gènes co-régulés dans certains tissus végétales spécifiques provenant de données de séquençage d'ARN de soja. Dans la première approche nous avons utilisé une combinaison de plusieurs outils bioinformatiques pour prédire les motifs des promoteurs basés sur des groupes de gènes orthologues trouvés dans les bases de données des génomes entiers d'Arabidopsis lyrata, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brachypodium distachyon, Carica papaya, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Glycine max, Linus usitissimum, Malus domestica, Manihot esculenta, Medicago truncutula, Oryza sativa, Physcomitrella patens, Populus trichocarpa, Selaginella moellendorfii, Sorghum bicolor, Vitis vinivera, Volvox carteri et Zea mays. Les résultats ont démontré que, dans les plantes, plusieurs promoteurs de gènes orthologues contiennent des motifs cis-régulatoires similaires. En plus, en incluant des espèces évolutivement éloignées dans les analyses, nous avons été capable de démontrer que ces motifs sont conservés. Dans la deuxième partie, nous avons fait une analyse comparant les séquences des promoteurs co-régulés dans les méristèmes apicaux ainsi que dans l'épiderme de trois cultivars de soja; Clark sauvage, mutant a 5-feuilles et mutant glabre. Les résultats ont démontré que les promoteurs des gènes co-régulés en différents tissus contiennent des motifs cis-régulatoires similaires. Générer des données à l'échelle génomique demande une puissance informatique énorme qui n'est pas toujours disponible. En conséquence, nous avons créé une base de données pour 18 génomes de plantes composée de séquences de promoteurs, de motifs, d'annotations et des groupes de gènes orthologues ainsi que d'autres informations associées avec ceux-ci.
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Montagu, Kelvin D. "Whole plant response to soil compaction : from field practices to mechanisms /." View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030522.092251/index.html.
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Kunkle, Justin Michael. "Whole-plant resource economies and associated morphological and physiological traits towards a mechanistic understanding of plant responses to resource variation /." Diss., Connect to online resource - MSU authorized users, 2008.
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Vorster, Barend Juan. "Using whole genome comparison to detect sequence similarities between plants and microbes." Electronic thesis, 2007. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01192009-142048.
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Montagu, Kelvin D. "Whole plant response to soil compaction : from field practices to mechanisms." Thesis, View thesis View thesis, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/433.
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This thesis examines the growth response and inter-relationships between shoots and roots of plants grown in compact soil. In the field, two topsoil and two subsoil conditions were created with five vegetable crops sequentially grown. Between 6 and 12% of the root system grew in the compact subsoil, which had a soil strength of 3.1 c.f. 1.9 MPa in the loosened subsoil. Both the root length density (Lv) and the specific root length were lower in the compact subsoil (80% and 30%, respectively). This had no effect on shoot growth when water and nutrients were well supplied. Compensatory root growth in the lose soil above the compact subsoil occurred in broccoli plants. As a result plants grown in soil with or without a compact subsoil had a similar total root length but with altered root distribution. When the water and nitrogen supplied to the soil was reduced, the lower subsoil Lv in the compact subsoil did not restrict water or N acquisition. This was possibly due to a large increase in the specific uptake per unit length of root, by the fewer roots in the compact subsoil. Compared to the subsoil treatments, only small changes in topsoil physical properties occurred when tillage was ceased. From the field trials the proportion and time of root growth into compact soil appeared important in determining the plant response. In a series of split-root experiments (horizontal and vertical arrangements of compact and loose soil) compensatory root growth in the loose soil only occurred when the root system was exposed to horizontally compact soil When compensatory root growth did not occur shoot growth was reduced. This resulted in there being a close relationship between total root length and leaf area. Further test results support a direct effect of mechanical impedance on shoot growth with a rapid (within 10 minutes) and large (50%) reduction in leaf elongation occurring when roots were mechanically impeded. In the field only plants whose roots were totally exposed to compact soil had reduced shoot growth with very compact subsoil having no effect.
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Montagu, Kelvin D., of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, and School of Horticulture. "Whole plant response to soil compaction : from field practices to mechanisms." THESIS_FAH_HOR_Montagu_K.xml, 1995. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/433.
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This thesis examines the growth response and inter-relationships between shoots and roots of plants grown in compact soil. In the field, two topsoil and two subsoil conditions were created with five vegetable crops sequentially grown. Between 6 and 12% of the root system grew in the compact subsoil, which had a soil strength of 3.1 c.f. 1.9 MPa in the loosened subsoil. Both the root length density (Lv) and the specific root length were lower in the compact subsoil (80% and 30%, respectively). This had no effect on shoot growth when water and nutrients were well supplied. Compensatory root growth in the lose soil above the compact subsoil occurred in broccoli plants. As a result plants grown in soil with or without a compact subsoil had a similar total root length but with altered root distribution. When the water and nitrogen supplied to the soil was reduced, the lower subsoil Lv in the compact subsoil did not restrict water or N acquisition. This was possibly due to a large increase in the specific uptake per unit length of root, by the fewer roots in the compact subsoil. Compared to the subsoil treatments, only small changes in topsoil physical properties occurred when tillage was ceased. From the field trials the proportion and time of root growth into compact soil appeared important in determining the plant response. In a series of split-root experiments (horizontal and vertical arrangements of compact and loose soil) compensatory root growth in the loose soil only occurred when the root system was exposed to horizontally compact soil When compensatory root growth did not occur shoot growth was reduced. This resulted in there being a close relationship between total root length and leaf area. Further test results support a direct effect of mechanical impedance on shoot growth with a rapid (within 10 minutes) and large (50%) reduction in leaf elongation occurring when roots were mechanically impeded. In the field only plants whose roots were totally exposed to compact soil had reduced shoot growth with very compact subsoil having no effect.<br>Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Moncrieff, Glenn R. "The demographic impacts of browsing on woody plants in savannas : from individual branches to whole populations." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11501.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-131).<br>Browsing ungulates can potentially have drastic impacts on vegetation patterns. This is particularly true in African savannas where many large browsers persist at high densities. Most of the theory and models outlining mechanisms of impact on plants and predicting responses are framed in terms of biomass impacts and responses. However, for trees in African savannas, fitness is more closely linked to height than above ground biomass. I evaluate the demographic impacts of browsing, making explicit contrasts with impacts on biomass. The results highlight under- explored intrinsic aspects of plants and browsers that determine the degree of browser impact on plant demography, aspects that have been under-explored due to an emphasis on biomass responses, and provide novel methods to measure and evaluate large-scale browser impacts, which have proved difficult before.
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England, Robert A. "A computer-controlled system for measuring rates of uptake of potassium, nitrate and phosphate by whole plants." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.293864.
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Ma, Cunxian. "Tentative Identification of Hydroxylated 2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl Metabolites in Whole Poplar Plants by a Combination of Chromatographic and Spectrometry Techniques." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4691.
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2,2',3,5',6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB95) is a chiral congener of the persistent organic pollutants (POPs) family of PCBs. It has been shown that chiral PCBs can be enantioselectively transformed into hydroxylated metabolites by cytochrome P450 in animals. Previous studies in our group suggested that PCB 95 can be enantioselectively translocated and metabolized in whole poplar plants. In this work, healthy whole poplar plants were hydroponically exposed to PCB95 for 30 days. Two unknown OH-PCB95 metabolites were detected in the roots by HPLC-MS. Different chromatographic and spectrometry techniques, including HPLC-MS, NMR and GC-MS, were tried to determine the structure of the more abundant metabolite of the two. It was identified to be 4'-OH-PCB95 (4'-95) by GC-MS method. The data show that PCB95 can be transformed into at least two hydroxylated metabolites by whole poplar plants, with one of them being 4'-95. Chiral analysis of 4'-95 by HPLC-MS showed slightly more abundance of the second eluting enantiomer E2-4'-95 in the roots, suggesting that the biotransformation of PCB95 to 4'-95 is enantioselective. Comparison with animal studies shows a distinct metabolite profile in whole poplar plants.
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Ray, Jonathan Paul. "A study of endogenous cytokinins and abscisic acid in whole plants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. during deficits in soil water." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.237736.
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