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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Volume élémentaire représentatif (VER) mécanique"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Volume élémentaire représentatif (VER) mécanique"
Grondin, Jérémy. "Apport de la nanoindentation et de la microscopie à force atomique pour la compréhension des propriétés élastiques d’un polymère semi-cristallin aux différentes échelles microstructurales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Chasseneuil-du-Poitou, Ecole nationale supérieure de mécanique et d'aérotechnique, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ESMA0023.
Texto completoThe aim of this thesis is to gain a deeper understanding of the relationships between the elastic modulus of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and its microstructure at different scales. An original multi-scale experimental approach is developed, combining indentation tests and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to characterize the elastic modulus and three-dimensional morphology of spherulites. The work is structured around four axes: (i) characterization of spherulitic morphology by AFM, (ii) indentation tests at various scales using different techniques (AFM in mechanical mode, nanoindentation, and macro-indentation), (iii) characterization of elastic modulus within spherulites through modulus mappings obtained by nanoindentation and AFM in mechanical mode, and (iv) evaluation of a mechanical representative elementary volume (REV) from spherical indentation tests. An original protocol was used to produce bulk iPP samples with a flat, slightly rough surface and without chemical etching, thus preserving the three-dimensional surface microstructure. The results reveal new insights into the microstructure of spherulites and the lamellar nanostructure of the α-phase. In addition to the classic observations (sheaf or rosette shapes), an intermediate scale is identified: the micrometer-sized radial branches of spherulites, made up of orthoradially oriented crystalline lamellae. These lamellae adopt a “lath-like” organization in the branches and “cross-hatching” in the closure zones. The average long period (Lp) is measured locally and is consistent with the literature (SAXS).Nanoindentation mapping showed a decreasing modulus gradient from the center to the edges of the spherulites. Branches located on the main growth axes show the highest moduli, while lateral areas show lower values. This variation is attributed to the density, organization or orientation of the lamellae. At lamellar scale, AFM in mechanical mode mappings show significant heterogeneity. Some branches display high moduli, probably linked to the subsurface microstructure. A transition is observed, with lower values in the center and higher at the periphery, marking a change in modulus with radial growth. However, no direct correlation was established with geometric parameters such as the long period Lp or the lamella emergence angle, suggesting that these microstructural parameters alone are not sufficient to capture the complexity of the microstructure. A multi-scale spherical indentation study explored the effects of scale transition on the elastic modulus of iPP. The results reveal that the moduli measured by AFM are significantly higher than those obtained by nano-indentation and macro-indentation, the latter presenting fairly similar values. Several hypotheses were proposed and discussed to explain this difference, including the volume probed, the strain rate and the analysis framework. The scale transition to a mechanical REV is not precisely determined, but the results suggest that it lies at the intra-spherulitic scale, when several branches are probed. This assessment could vary with other microstructures. Finally, the scale transition study between indentation techniques showed that varying tip size offers limited gain in probed volume, revealing the limitations of current equipment to fully explore these scale transitions
Rozanski, Adrian. "Sur la représentativité, la taille minimale du VER et les propriétés effectives de transport des matériaux composites aléatoires". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10137/document.
Texto completoThe thesis focuses on random composites and some specific features such as: the minimum size of a representative volume element (RVE) and the determination of effective transport properties. The main objective is to formulate a computationally efficient method which would allow for quick determination of effective properties. The effective properties of transport are considered. It is shown that this class of properties can be estimated either by performing calculations over one large sample or by averaging over a sufficient number of smaller microstructure realizations. However, for a given type of microstructure; the size of such smaller realizations can not be smaller than some critical minimum size. It is shown that this critical size of RVE is strongly affected by several parameters. These are: microstructure type, volume fractions of constituents, contrast in mechanical properties of composite phases, number of performed realizations as well as a desired accuracy. Furthermore, two separate types of representativity are introduced: geometrical representativity and representativity with respect to overall transport properties. Therefore, two distinct criteria for the minimum size of RVE are formulated based on the properties of the two-point correlation function. Comparing to other methods proposed in wide literature, the criterion formulated in the thesis gives an advantage: the condition proposed includes microstructure morphology. Therefore, in order to determine the minimum size of RVE none numerical calculations like those of FE are necessary. A validation of proposed methodology is performed on several examples of 2D microstructures
Wu, Qier. "Isothermes de désorption de matériaux cimentaires : étude d'un protocole accéléré et estimation du VER". Thesis, Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10149/document.
Texto completoIn the framework of French radioactive waste management and storage, the durability evaluation and prediction of concrete structures requires the knowledge of desorption isotherm of concrete. The aim of the present study is to develop an accelerated experimental method to obtain desorption isotherm of cementitious materials more quickly and to estimate the Representative Volume Element (RVE) size related to the desorption isotherm of concrete. In order to ensure that experimental results can be statistically considered representative, a great amount of sliced samples of cementitious materials with three different thicknesses (1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm) have been de-saturated. The effect of slice thickness and the saturation condition on the mass variation kinetics and the desorption isotherms is analyzed. The influence of the aggregate distribution on the water content and the water saturation degree is also analyzed. A method based on statistical analysis of water content and water saturation degree is proposed to estimate the RVE for water desorption experiment of concrete. The evolution of shrinkage with relative humidity is also followed for each material during the water desorption experiment. A protocol of cycle of rapid desaturation-resaturation is applied and shows the existence of hysteresis between desorption and adsorption
Farhat, Faten. "Modélisation multiéchelle du comportement mécanique des gaz shales". Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I015/document.
Texto completoThe main objective of this thesis is to study the influence of microstructure on the macroscopic mechanical behavior of heterogeneous rocks, particularly Vaca Muerta shale rock. In this context, micromechanical models are developed by well-adapted homogenization techniques. The microstructure of this rock has been extensively studied in order to define the representative elementary volume indispensable for the implementation of a micromechanical approach. The studied material is modeled as a heterogeneous medium, made up, at mesoscale, of a composite matrix in which are dipped different types of inclusions. On a smaller scale, fine grains of calcite and kerogen are immersed in a porous clay matrix. The homogenization of non-linear instantaneous behavior is established in the context of clay matrix elastoplasticity and the progressive debonding of mineral inclusions: the nano-micro transition leads to the strength domain of the porous clay phase where the solid phase is considered to be a cohesive-frictional material that obeys to the classic Drucker-Prager criterion. Hill’s incremental method is used as a homogenization means at micro-meso and meso-macro transitions. Next, the long-term behavior of the studied material is defined in terms of microstructure degradation. Finally, a simplified micomechanical model is developed to study long-term behavior of clayey and shale rocks in the context of clay matrix viscoplasticity. Based on this model, for the industrial application of the thesis, we study the interaction between Vaca Muerta shale rock and spherical grains of proppants
Wali, Abderrahmen. "Analyse expérimentale et modélisation multi-échelle du comportement mécanique de mélanges Polycarbonate/Polypropylène : effet de la morphologie". Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10077.
Texto completoThe objective of this work is to perform experimental characterization and to model the mechanical behaviour of immiscible PC/PP blends. A predominantly spherical microstructure, in the most PC / PP blends, reveals low adhesion due to high interfacial tension between two phases which was observed under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). This results in a negative deviation of the mechanical tensile properties accordingly to the % of PP. One of the possible solutions is to add a third component that can improve adhesion between two phases. In this work PP-g-MA was chosen. Despite its low rigidity and brittleness, it has partially improved the mechanical properties of the blends. A multi-scale approach was applied to model the homogenised behaviour of the PC / PP blends using two different types of models. The first one is based on analytical homogenization and the second one will be defined in the context of numerical homogenization. The statistical distribution law for the size of the dispersed phase was determined from the SEM images. This law was applied for representative volume element (RVE) generation. The behaviour of the constituents has been defined as elastoplastic. Initially assumed hypothesis of a perfect interface did not describe the mechanical behaviour of the blends in a satisfactory manner. In order to improve this, a model introducing cohesive surfaces to simulate interfacial damage is developed using traction-separation law. The model is in good agreement with the experimental results. Finally, parametric study was carried out to highlight the effect of the shape, the number and the orientation of dispersed phase on the nonlinear response of blends
Sab, Karam. "Contributions à l'homogénéisation des matériaux aléatoires". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00554207.
Texto completoJean, Aurélie. "Etude d'un élastomère chargé de la nanostucture au macro-comportement". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005215.
Texto completoDe, francqueville Foucault. "Etude micromécanique du lien entre endommagement local et comportement macroscopique de propergols solides". Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019IPPAX004.
Texto completoThe goal of this present project is the development of numerical tools for simulating damage of solid propellants, which are used for anaerobic propulsion. It should allow identifying which properties disturb their behavior. To study the effect of energetic particles shapes, 3D microstructures are generated with a random dispersion of monosized spheres or polyhedra at high volume fraction (55%). In case of spheres, the elastic properties of the representative volume elements (RVE) are confronted with an analytical model and experimental characterizations of model composites, with a remarkable coherence of the three approaches. Then, the linear behavior of REV filled with polyhedra is compared to the one in case of spheres, highlighting only a limited effect of particles shapes. Damage of those materials being mostly due to matrix/filler debounding, a bilinear cohesive zone model with a viscous regularization and posting of interfaces damage state is implemented. The first order influence of the cohesive zone parameters either on the mechanical response or on the local damage is demonstrated. If convergence troubles prevent any quantitative confrontation with experimental data, their specific trends are well reproduced at either the particles or the global scales. A parameter study highlights also the impact of each cohesive zone parameter on the global behavior. Study of the damaged behavior, depending on particles shape, leads again to a second order impact. Finally, analyses of quasi-propellants, representative of common propellants, are proposed. Following the industrial characterization process, the interfaces properties are identified qualitatively based on the trends of the simulations. This analysis is completed by non-conventional characterization techniques to validate its coherence and to offer exhaustive information on the adhesives properties
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Volume élémentaire représentatif (VER) mécanique"
LU, Xiaoxin, Julien YVONNET, Fabrice DETREZ y Jinbo BAI. "Modélisation électromécanique non linéaire multi-échelle de nanocomposites graphène-polymère". En Nanocomposites, 167–98. ISTE Group, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.51926/iste.9031.ch6.
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