Tesis sobre el tema "Viticulture – Et le Maroc"
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Amarouchi, Zakaria. "Impact du réchauffement climatique sur l’interaction vigne/micro-organismes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022REIMS055.
Texto completoThe gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea has a devastating impact on various economically important crops, including grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), with annual economic losses exceeding10 to 100 billion dollars worldwide. Currently, pesticides remain the main method used to reduce the incidence of this phytopathogenic fungus. However, in addition to emergence of multidrug resistance, chemicals must be increasingly restricted in order to limit their impact on the environment and human health. Thus, in recent years, biological protection is gaining renewed interest. Therefore, the aim of our project is the development of new biotechnologies allowing the grapevine to better resist pathogenic pressures, through the use of beneficial microorganisms. The rhizosphere is a rich source of microorganisms with strong abilities in the biocontrol of plant diseases. In the present study, isolation of plant beneficial microorganisms was carried out on healthy plants. A total of 42 micro-organisms were isolated from different rhizospheric semi-arid soils collected in vineyards of Meknes in Morocco (Latitude 33.75989, Longitude -5.43909). The in vitro antagonism test of the various isolates towards B. cinerea evealed that among all the isolates tested the strains S3, S4, S5 and S6 showed a positive result. These isolates inhibit the growth of B. cinerea. The four strains were identified by the study of biochemical characters and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The results of the analyzes showed that the bacterial strains retained were related to the following species, of the Bacillus genus: S3: B. velezensis; S4: B. velezensis; and S5: B. halotollerans. Isolate S6 was classified in the genus Enterobacter and identified as E. cloacae. The antagonism test carried out in planta on vine vitroplants indicates that the four rhizobacteria reduce significantly (59%, 39%, 55%, and 17%, respectively), the symptoms of the disease and reduce damage to photosynthetic activity (PSII) due to attack by B. cinerea. This study revealed that strains of the genus Bacillus and Enterobacter isolated from the rhizosphere of the vine could be used as biological control agents in the protection of the vine
El, Achkar Jean. "Méthanisation de marc de raisin. Caractérisation et optimisation du procédé et des prétraitements". Thesis, Lorient, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORIS459/document.
Texto completoAnaerobic digestion is considered to be a crucial part of a sustainable development strategy, contributing to the green valorization of organic waste as biogas and fertilizers. As part of this doctoral thesis, we explored the valorization of grape pomace, the major waste and main by-product of winemaking, by anaerobic digestion, to generate green energy in the form of methane. Firstly, the methane potential of grape pomace is demonstrated, validating our vegetal biomass as a potential source of energy. Detailed information on the maximum production of methane from whole pomace, pulps and seeds are obtained in batch mode at 37 °C. The technical feasibility of the process is then validated following an extrapolation to the continuous mode. Moreover, the acclimation of the continuous digester at the average temperature of the Beqaa valley (25 °C) allowed to simulate and adapt the current system to the Lebanese environment. On another note, we carried out a bio- physico-chemical characterization of different grape varieties from different wine-growing areas. The diversity of the lignocellulosic content and the methane potential of the selected substrates was highlighted. A negative correlation exists, in particular, between the methane potential and the lignin and cellulose fractions. In order to intensify methane production, we conducted an optimization of anaerobic digesters dimensioning in continuous mode by determining an optimum of operation for an applied load of 3.7 kg COD m-3 d-1 and a residence time of 20 days. Finally, we evaluated the effects of a variety of pretreatments (freezing, alkaline treatment, acid treatment, ultrasounds and pulsed electric fields) on the methane production and the biodegradability of lignocellulosic fractions. The coupling of the alkaline treatment using 10% NaOH with freezing at -20 °C seems to be the best intensification process
Fassier-Boulanger, Sylvaine. "Paysages et viticulture : le vignoble jurassien". Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100121.
Texto completoGiordano, Simona. "Agriculture traditionnelle et innovante.Le secteur vitivinicole biologique : une comparaison entre Les Pouilles (Italie) et le Languedoc-Roussillon (France)". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MON30019/document.
Texto completoIn a global context characterized by a systemic and multi-faceted crisis, it is clear that the changes that could be defined structural and continuous (climate change, increasing pressure on renewable resources, population growth) are associated with a dramatic economic crisis whose consequences are still not entirely predictable in terms of deepening poverty, contraction of international markets, credit crunch and prospects for development. In this context, agriculture is facing decisive challenges, of uncertain outcome, especially in some regions of the world; the development patterns that emerge are different and are combined, on the one hand, in an agricultural sector "family" still very fragile and, on the other hand, in a capitalist-like farming more and more dominant. However, just by the crisis situation mentioned, it seems that new opportunities can be born, although in the long run; the rift that has arisen and the breaking of the schemes have revealed the vulnerability of agricultural and agro-food systems placing its focus on the need for innovation and on questioning the development models. In a context and in a time of enormous uncertainty, varying the values and norms underlying the society, they must show creative and reinvent the way of producing, processing and distribution of agricultural products in the long period that takes into account the territories and the communities that live there, all focusing attention on the concept of sustainability. In the framework of sustainable development, different farming and agro-food systems moved in an agro-ecological perspective, promoting local food systems. These ones are evolving in parallel, in competition or in complementarity with the dominant production systems, and take different forms depending on whether they themselves emerge in countries where agriculture is at high rate of capital consumption, chemical inputs and fossil energy, or in those countries where the access to such resources is scarce and, consequently, the labor productivity is low. At a global level, it is essential to increase the awareness of the existence of such innovative systems, to capitalize on these experiences, some of which in the embryo, and to bring out a new conceptual paradigm of development in agriculture, all this not only in a technological and organizational perspective. It is necessary to wonder about the state of knowledge necessary to promote sustainable development, calling into question the primacy of scientific knowledge in relation to other types of knowledge and creating new links between research, economic actors, civil society actors and policy makers. Accordingly, it is the agricultural research to play a leading role on the path to innovation, with the understanding that agriculture is no longer called to exercise only a purely productive role, but of complex interactions with the environment and with society as a whole. In a scientific debate that becomes increasingly lively, also thanks to the imminent opening of the event Expo 2015 in Milan, the role is highlighted that, in this process of innovation, each actor can play as well as the characterization of the factors that determine the innovations themselves, in a contrast and comparison of positions on which are the innovative processes really needed and useful for sustainable development. Without any claim of being exhaustive, the present work aims at investigating some aspects of innovation in agriculture and at providing some food for thought about the role that it can play in the journey towards a real development of rural communities , those who live in the territories where agriculture itself finds its “raison d'etre”
Ferras, Catherine. "Châteaux de la vigne en Biterrois et Narbonnais /". Montpellier : Université Paul Valéry, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35091240z.
Texto completoThèse soutenue sous le titre : "Architecture privée au XIXe siècle, les châteaux du vignoble en Bas-Languedoc occidental" Bibliogr. p. 135-153.
Ben, Abdessadak Mohammed. "Le port de Tanger et le développement industriel et touristique de la région tangéroise : analyse et suggestions". Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100012.
Texto completoThe difficulties of a study of tangier's port lie in the fact that, structurally speaking, the town itself was profoundly marked by its past; especially in the economic and urbanistic fields. In the beginning of the 20th century a new stage had been achieved. Subject to an international statute (1925 to 1956) and limited by its frontiers, tangier oriented its growth more toward the sea rather than toward the interior. With the independence of morocco in 1956, the statute of tangier was abolished. The town experienced an over lack of funds which lasted 4 years (the tangier charter). A delayed reaction, together with restrictions and hesitations which inhibited the development of harmonious industrial and touristic policies restricted the accomplishment of number of projects concerning the port. A light a nonpolluting industry, consistent with the tourist oriented policy had been sought since the colonial period. Borne of the particular character of the town, this policy was pursued after the independence thanks to the attractiveness of its beaches and its cosmopolitan reputation. In its desire to grow, tangier is still awaiting recognition (by morocco) which would determine its destiny and put it back on the road toward an acceptable economic and social development which has lacked since the independence of morocco. As my research evolved, I developed an opinion relative to the future of tangier. This opinion concerns an important element of the town which is the port; in fact, its development and the contribution its can make constitute one of the assets of the town and the region. In order to remedy the situation in tangier, drastic changes must be made relative to its policies of urban development. If this is not undertaken, tangier may never be capable of surmounting its difficulties
Gartet, Abdelghani. "Morphogénèse et hydrologie dans le bassin versant de l'oued Lebène (Rif méridional et Prérif central et oriental, Maroc)". Aix-Marseille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994AIX10078.
Texto completoThe bassin of the lebene wadi is a heterogeneous entity integrating the southern rif's and the pre-rif's unity. Its structure is the result of carrying, resting on the original unities. At the end of the miocene, all of it was put through active tectonics. The lithostructural contrast and the differential erosion explain the organization of the morphological system in which the dense hydrographic network has resulted in the present from of the relief. Hydrographic network has resulted in the present form of the relief. Six levels belonging successively to ancient. Middle and recent quaternary periods trace the basin's evolution. The karstic froms and the slopes which bear marks of the col climate have much developed since. Most of the elements of the relief bear thick detrial formations which constitute at present a stock of mibilizable materials. The deposits that have followed the latest rharbian accumulations reflect the chemical, hydraulic, mechanical and anthropical erosive activity. The hydraulics of the lebene express the brutal character and the exterme variations depending directly on the precipitations and governed by its morphometricla and morphological characteristics. The average hydrological outcome is almost stable. The outflows of exceptionnally dry or humid years show exterme deviations regarding the module. The wintertime floods are brutal and the summertime low water is frequent and durable. Al of this has repercussions on the natural environment and the human society. The hydrochemics of the water show a strong concentration of ions of the sodium-chlorine
El, Ghazouani Khatima. "Espace, ville et aménagement : analyse et réalité marocaines". Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR1D319.
Texto completoTounsi, Abdeljalil. "Les attitudes et les pratiques linguistiques des Juifs et des musulmans marocains à Marrakech". Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05H016.
Texto completoMoslims and Jews in Marrakech can be distinguished by linguistic and extra linguistic boundaries. On the extra-linguistic level, religion is one of the overriding factors of ethnic differentiation. Linguistically, the repercussions off ethnic distinction are to be found in language attitudes and practices of these groups; the frequent use of French, its favoritism by a certain number of Jews and the inclination of these to speak Moroccan Arabic differently are some of the identity markers of Jewish respondents. As for Muslims, distinction should be made between arabophones and berberophones. Here too, ethnic identification can be made on the basis of berberophones' tendency to mark ethnolinguistically Moroccan Arabic, and, for some of them, to have the only positive attitudes towards tashelhit. Finally, these different approaches to Moroccan Arabic awaken in the mind of decoders different perception, which are based on the sum of stereotypes and prejudices which characterize each intergroup relationship
El, khammar Abdeltif. "Mosquées et oratoires de Meknès (IXe-XVIIIe siècle) : géographie religieuse, architecture et problème de la Qibla". Lyon 2, 2005. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2005/el-khammar_a.
Texto completoBased on a historical and archaeological approach, the aim of my thesis is a synthetic study about the religious monuments of Meknes, precisely those which are dedicated to the organisation of daily and exceptional prayers: great mosques, the oratories, prayer’s rooms of madrasas and the musalla of all the town. The period covered by this study begin from the early times of Islam in Meknès (9th century) to the rule of alaouite sultan Moulay Ismaïl (1672-1727 A. C. ). The choice of this chronology is very interesting as far as it allows as to understand the characteristics of medieval and post-medieval buildings, and to compare the medieval monuments with those which are built in the modern period, specially ismaïlien’s ones. This thesis put focus on three main subjects: religious geography, architecture and qibla’s problem
Aboulkacem, El Khater. "Nationalisme et construction culturelle de la nation au Maroc : Processus et réactions". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0252.
Texto completoThis thesis is an attempt to contribute to the examination of the process of constructing the nation and the emergence of the currents of anti-establishment activity in this country. The first part gives a rough outline of the social and cultural landscape of the pre-colonial empire in order to understand how a social class were going to be able to invest in the nationalist project. The second part concerns the move from an empire to a nationalist-type State. The judicial modalities, a product of the contact between the Empire and the European powers and of the starting-up of the Protectorat, have been described in order to understand how the changes that had been brought about had created a context favourable to the emergence of the idea of "the nation". Furthermore, the development of this idea and the context for the realisation of nationalism have been apprehended to understand why and how the legitimate producers of nationalist discourse were persuaded to adopt "Arab" nationality. The third part analyses the conditions in which the development process of the nation's cultural landscape began, its limits and the reactions to which it is giving rise at the present time with the emergence of the two anti-establishment movements, islamist and Amazigh (Berber)
Samat, Amina. "Le tourisme et ses effets dans la ville d'Agadir et sa région". Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10033.
Texto completoIbrahimi, Moulay Ali. "Développement agricole et inégalités dans les campagnes marocaines : le cas du Gharb et de ses bordures". Tours, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOUR1004.
Texto completoEl, Hajri Mohammed. "Administration et gestion de la politique énergétique au Maroc : institutions, diagnostic et développement". Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR1003.
Texto completoParadoxically enough, the period of the french protectorate in Morocco, in itself a colonial era was marked, among other things, by the introduction of the first legislation on sources of energy, the use of electricity and the exploitation of more traditional sources of energy, such as coal and oil, together with their specific institution. Moreover, the french protectorate introduced an independent administrative law, distinct from private law, since muslim law, which prevailed before colonisation, includes no administrative law conceived as granting independence to and limiting the power of the state. This administrative law naturally confered great privileges to the colonial administration. As far as energy was concerned, and with a view to carrying out "general interest" activities, it entrusted private persons with certain tasks it would normally have carried out itself (concerning the search for and exploitation of mineral energy sources). In 1956, when Morocco became independent, this institutional and technical heritage was passed on to the moroccan monarchy. At first, as they wanted to undertake vast reforms adapted to the new postcolonial situation, the new authorities showed-at least apparently- willing to endow administrative law with its most advanced characteristics : a balance between authority and freedom, an affirmation of the superiority of public interest over private ones. In other words, a law to be grounded on the idea of justice expressed in the principle of equality. Have these ideas of justice and equality which prevail in french law been solemnly established in the constitutional texts which govern the laws of the moroccan monarchy at large and in the administrative law, concerning more particularly energy and its institutions ? It is therefore legitimate to ponder over the development given to the technical and institutional contributions which the protectorate left to the monarchy. Has this legacy been modified ? Do moroccan authorities content themselves with administering the space marked out by the colonial legislation or did they include other new spaces ? The analysis of the present situation reveals an inadequate energy policy -or rather an absence of policy- which was limited to administering and maintaining the colonial legacy. Any improvement of this policy requires that a new energy policy be worked out and implemented within a more general strategy of development fulfilling the basic needs of human beings in the fields of education, housing, health
Gilbert, François. "Minervois, Saint-Chinian, Faugères : crise viticole et politique de qualité dans les côteaux languedociens /". Montpellier : Université Paul-Valéry, Laboratoire de géographie rurale, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb34939527p.
Texto completoMabrouk, Hatem. "Influence de la vigueur et du système de conduite de la vigne (Vitis vinifera L. ) sur sa structure géométrique et son microclimat lumineux en tant que facteurs de la qualité de la vendange". Montpellier, ENSA, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ENSA0010.
Texto completoBen, Bachir Hassani Houssine. "Regionalisation et decentralisation au maroc". Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05D003.
Texto completoThis thesis is divided in two parts. In the first part, i have examined, firstly administration's forms of local affairs during precolonial and colonial period and actuel decentralization's level. Secondly, i have studied the question regarding to regional imbalances, treating successively their causes and consequences and fruitless attempts by state to reduce them, in the second part, i have analysed the question of reforms necessary to be engaged in the local and regional level in order to acced to harmonious institutions. Concerning the question of political reforms, i have suggested some propositions for renforcing sub-regional communities and activation of political and economic participation in the regional level. Regarding administrative and human reforms, i have studied the powers which should be tansfered to the regions, the questions of human and material possibilities attributed to the region and finally the cooperation needed to be established between the whole actors capable of facilitating territorial development
Chkouri, Mohamed Mahfoud. "L'anthropologie coloniale et le Maroc". Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081581.
Texto completoEl, Maachour Saïd. "PME et communication au Maroc". Bordeaux 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BOR30036.
Texto completoSmall and Medium Businesses use very little the advertising. They are underrepresented among the population of advertisers despite their numerical importance in the Moroccan economy. This finding is unanimously recognized by all actors involved. All communication professionals agree that the communications market is under-invested despite its continued growth. This market is particularly dominated by a limited number of advertisers, including multinationals and large companies, which accounts for half the total invested in communication media. This thesis tries to analyze the relation of SMEs to the practice of communication by explaining the professional relationships but also the power relations that characterize the relations between the three protagonists of the communications industry (communications Agency - Advertiser - Media). For the development of the communications industry in general, SMEs are definitely a "market of conquest" for recruiting new advertisers. But the communications market in Morocco is really open to all companies, SMEs in particular? Is it practically possible for any organization to access to this market whatever its budget?
Chkouri, Mohamed Mahfoud. "L'anthropologie coloniale et le Maroc". Lille : A.N.R.T., Université de Lille III, 2000. http://bibpurl.oclc.org/web/31177.
Texto completoJennan, Lahsen. "Le Moyen-Atlas central et ses bordures : mutations récentes et dynamique de l'espace et de la société rurale". Tours, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOUR1503.
Texto completoElouardighi, Benaïssa. "État, secteur public et rationalité économique au Maroc". Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100048.
Texto completoExisting in an embryonic state before 1912, the public sector in Morocco was instituted and developed by the colonial power. It was extended and diversified under the regime of political independence. Concentrated in the field of infrastracture, the major task of the public companies implanted by the protectorate was to help drain off natural resources towards France - 80% of public investments were poured in infrastracture. Ever since morocco became independent, the development of public companies has witnessed two successive and radical different orientations. A/ during a first phase (1956-1961), priority given by the state to the option favouring self-centred development linking agrarian reform and diversified industrialisation led to public companies being devised as a strategic basis for a national accumulation. B/ in a second phase, inspired since 1963-64 by the international bank for reconstruction and development (IBRD), the reorientation of the development policy in a liberal way, ie extrovert, endowed the public companies with the role of instrument helping the promotion of private initiative and invesments. Despite this liberal orientation, private initiative was either still lacking or confined to speculation activities. Hence the fundamental ambiguity which characterises the relationship between public capital and private capital. The former being devalued and progressively transfered to strenghen the latter. Seen from the angle of structure, organisation, management and profitability of the public companies, our research has revealed the existence of a large variety of statutes, procedures and performances. Successes and failures co-exist. .
Gharbaoui, Nadia. "Situation alimentaire et nutritionnelle au Maroc : analyse et perspectives". Montpellier 1, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985MON10015.
Texto completoHafid, Ahmid. "Granites et dolérites protérozoïques de la boutonnière d'Irherm (Anti-Atlas occidental, Maroc) : (pétrologie, géochimie et signification géodynamique)". Paris 6, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA066172.
Texto completoJanati, Idrissi Abdelhamid. "Insuffisance pluviométrique et aspects hydrologiques du Souss (Maroc)". Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON30038.
Texto completoThis research is an attempts to explain the rainfall indigence into the souss basin and its incidence on the hydrologie of that oued. In the first part, we focused on the factors of the pluviometric dificit in that basin. These factors can be divided into two categories geographic elements (latitude, orographical shelter and cold oceanic current of the canarias) and aerological elements dominated by the quasi permanence of anticyclonic circulation. We have also studied the pluvious situationq affecting the basin, and their efficacy their characteristics. Also wa tackled the spatial repartition of the pluvial contribution, its temporal variability and its seasonal regime. The second part deals with the effect of geographic and hydrologeologic factors on the outflow. It contains equally other elements active with the intervening of potential evapotranspiration. Finely the third part is a study the annual, monthly and daily temperament of the souss. It explains how aerological, morphological, biogeographic and human factors interact to give souss a hydrologic aspect characterised by the succession of brief growth, little voluminous and grave low water
Rochd, Nabil. "Explosion urbaine et planification à Casablanca". Paris 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA010665.
Texto completoEl, Quortobi Abdellah. "Etat et paysannerie au Maroc : contribution à l'étude du changement social et du développement du Maroc rural". Paris 5, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA05H059.
Texto completoThe control over the peasantry and the political power have always been connected in morocco, before and during its colonization. Today, their relation is closer and more complex. Therefore, aware of the landed stake existing in a mostly agrarian society; we have tried to analyze the evolution of the Moroccan rural society throughout its connection with the power. Land and power, state and peasantry, these are one of the essential points on which we have developed our contribution of sociological study dealing with the evolution of the Moroccan society. In the first part of our research, we have dealt with the traditional "makhzen" state, its social structure and evolution, the tribe communities, their social organization, their landed status and their peasant forms of production. Then we have approached the problem of the traditional social stratification through the origin and the development of the phenomenon of the religious aristocraties in the north of the country and the development of the caidalism in the south. We have come with a critical approach of the different structural analogies that the Moroccan society have with the Asian, tributary and feodal social formations. Our main interest in the second part has relied on the nature of the economical and socio-political relations that the colonial state had developed with the different social forces which constituted the society at that time : the "makhzen" state, the caid status, the religious leaders, the agrarian middle class and the peasantry. The last part has also dealt with the study of the socio-political relations between the state and the peasantry of morocco today. We have also brought out the essential points that characterized the agricultural exploitations during the period between 1960-80. We have analyzed the allocation of the land properties, the condition of their modern equipment, the resort to the agricultural wage-earning, the share of the commercialized production, and finally, the income proportion brought out. In the end we have noted that the agrarian reform is much more considered in morocco for its political efficiency than its economical reasons
Bartoli, Pierre Boulet Daniel. "Dynamique et régulation de la sphère agro-alimentaire : l'exemple viticole /". Montpellier : Institut national de la recherche agronomique, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35101078d.
Texto completoEl, Abar Fakhreddine. "Musique, rituels et confréries au Maroc : les ʿIssāwā, les Ḥamādcha et Gnawa". Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0180.
Texto completoThe study of the musical rites of three Moroccan religious brotherhood, Issawa, Hamadcha and Gnawa brings about at first the question of the licit or illicit presence of music in Islam and of its integration in religious rites. This study brings to light three dimensions: a religious dimension issued from the Sufi origins. The samt, or mystic audition, then becomes a moment of ecstasy of a quest for the divine. A therapeutic dimension linked to the founder saints known as thaumaturges. Likewise, the trance takes place in the rite of the lila during which a sacrifice is offered. The play dimension has always existed but is of greater and greater importance nowadays. Thus, the brotherhood of this study, as we noticed, belong more and more often to the folklore and open more and more to the eastern world thanks to promotional tours
Saidi, Mohamed. "Contribution à l'hydrologie profonde et superficielle du bassin de Souss (Maroc) : climatologie, hydrogéologie, crues et bilans hydrologiques en milieu subaride". Paris 4, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA040364.
Texto completoOued Souss is a river in Southwestern Morocco. Surrounded with a vigourous mountains which constitute with plain of Souss the basin catchment of 16300 km2. .
Abderrazak, Alaoui Moulay Rachid. "Le processus de paupérisation et de prolétarisation de la paysannerie marocaine : genèse, mécanismes et formes d'évolution". Paris 1, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA010613.
Texto completoThrough the analysis of the phenomen on of impoverishment and proletarianization of maroccan peasantry, it turns out that: from the second half of 19's century, date of the insertion's institutionalization of maroccan agriculture within the international division of work, the peasantry came into an era of instability (impoverishment, loss of the means of production, drift from the land. . . ) Which will be activated under the colonization (19121956) and become more marked in independent marocco. The integration of peasants at the level of the circulation sphere predominates up on their integration at the productive capital. Increasing impoverishment of a more and more important proportion of peasantry which is simultaneous with a greath population growith (3%) and an excessive dividing up of exploitations witch are due to this basic for the developement of important migratory mouvements towards the cities. The proletarianization which is being produced is precarious insufficient and hierarchical according to the space where it is made, rural, urban, extra-national. These impoverished peasants leave the country side to cram in unhealthy shanty towns where rural poverty feed that of the town. To sun up, it is a matter of marginalizing the peasantry rather than o matter of proletarianization because there is not a full and entire incorporation in the capitalist system which is minority however it dominates the economy of the country
Chakir, Lahoucine. "Vallée moyenne du Souss et cônes atlasiques adjacents entre Taroudannt et Oued Issen : étude géomorphologique". Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21024.
Texto completoSafi-Eddine, Hicham. "Les fusions-acquisitions bancaires au Maroc et leurs conséquences juridiques et fiscales". Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010251.
Texto completoDahan, Mohamed El. "Chaouen et sa région". Tours, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOUR1503.
Texto completoChaouen is a traditional town deep-rooted in the moroccan history. It remains a small town in spite of a relatively eccelerated extension since the evolution of its statute. Named at the head of a province which is pulled away from tetouan. Chaouen connot get rid of the tutelage of its old chief town. On the contrary, it has very loose relations with ouezzane which is situated at the same distance in the south, essentially turned towards the west. In the bosom of its administrative mountainows space, with few means of communication and without big resources, chaouen can exert only a weak expropriation
Chérifi, Rachida. "Le Makhzen politique au Maroc : hier et aujourd'hui /". Casablanca : Afrique Orient, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb357204343.
Texto completoEl, Isaoui Abdellatif. "Le commerce et les transports dans l'organisation de l'espace régional des Chiadma et des Haha (Maroc)". Tours, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOURI501.
Texto completoThis study introduces the role of commerce and transport in the territorial organisation of the region of chiadma and haha. A territory that covers all the southern atlantic morrocan plains and the hights the atlas piedmont (6330 km2). Yet, its urbain system remains too weak and its economy encounters many difficulties hindering its progress because of the insufficience of the economic infrastructtructures, the archaic and traditional system of agriculture-productions and the absence of modern means of communication which explains the absence of a big flow of motorised means of transport. Administraters consider chiadma and haha as an homogenous administrative region. But for the local population, on the other hand, this entity is composed of two distinct areas. Moreover, when we analyse this area in terms of commecial exchange and means of transport, the borders of both zones impose a kind of radical modification. The point of this study is to demonstrate through analysing commercial zones of influence-meaning cites-,regional "souks", commercial circuits, and travelling means, that, commercially speaking, the region of chiadma and haha is deeply broken up. This is, also, because of the powerfull-growing neighbouring towns and built-up areas. Even essaouira, which is the region's biggest city, is still considered as secondary in the organisation of commercial regional exchanges
Jaridi, Nadia Achoura. "Crise du secteur public et privatisation au Maroc : analyse et perspectives". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0092.
Texto completoThe policy of privatization which the Marocco embarked on in 1993 is far-reaching enough to constitute an umprecedanted experience in this country. It presents according to the Maroccan government a strategic key of the function change in Moroccan economy. After a recalling of the essential reasons of the interventionism system in Morocco during the years 60 and 70, and those which are the origin of its weakness, the study presented here tries to analyse the policy of privatization led by the government through its purposes and results obtained till then. The conclusion that we can bring for this experience to the light of the assessement about fifty operations actually realized on 114 private sectors, remains obviously partial. However, it appears that the principal aims of the public power is reducing the budgetary deficit, improving the economic effeciency, safeguarding and creating new employement, reinforcing regionalisation and developping popular share holding, all these have seen unsatisfactory accomplishment. In fact, though some questions remain yet, concerning in particular the futur part of the state in economy and rationalization of public enterprises sectors and public policy in general, the policy of Maroccan privatization presented is a panacea by its promoters, appears as a failure over the problems of the development of economy and over Moroccan society, which are accentuated with internationalization and privatization
Rhalmi, Mohamed. "Les systèmes sédimentaires cénomano-turoniens et sénoniens de la région manganésifère d'Imini (Haut-Atlas central, Maroc) et leur évolution diagénétique". Dijon, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992DIJOS058.
Texto completoOuloum, Ahmed. "Aspects pluviométriques et bilan climatique dans le haut Atlas central et son avant pays, la plaine du Tadla, Maroc". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010590.
Texto completoIn the High Central Atlas, precipitations below 1500 m are higher on the occidental side, conversely of the oriental side. Results, through the pressure gradient calculation, show that the orographic rains supply, is the main cause of the bad pluviometrical distribution. This leads to say that the high central atlas, because of its altitude, constitutes a sufficient barrier to develop a sheltered climat, the own characteristics of which, are to bring up orographic precipitations. As to the tadla plain, consequences affect temperatures reaching high maximums, especially during the vegetative period. These temperatures squared with significent evaporations accentuating the need of water. This has led us to study evapotranspiration. The first idea was to apply the etp estimation formulas to the direct measurements, available from Beni Mellal
Benammi, Mouloud. "Etude biochronologique et magnétostratigraphique des bassins continentaux néogènes du Maroc (bassin d'Ai͏̈t Kandoula et formation du Jebel Rhassoul)". Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20087.
Texto completoAbouessalam, Sabah. "Pauvreté urbaine et comportements résidentiels à Marrakech". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010602.
Texto completoMost inhabitants of Marrakech are so poor that they can't enter the "normal" labor market, nor can they get "normal" housing produced by state or capitalist developers. So specific modes of production of housing developed at the urban peripheries or through rehabilitation of old districts (medina) upon which public authorities do not much but incremental upgrading. Deprived people living in those impoverished areas move from one district to the other, according to external constraints rather than to their will
Mortaji, Elhachmia. "Les relations culturelles et économiques franco-marocaines en matière d'information : livre et presse écrite, radio-télévision et cinéma". Paris 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA020092.
Texto completoThe governing cultural and economic ties between france and morocco call for reciprocity, equality, and freedom of exchange between the two countries. In reality there is an imbalance in france's favor. This is the result of the histor y between a developed country and its former protectorate. France deploys financial means and personnel to facilitate cultural cooperation (financial aid, training select individuals in french, providing equipment, etc. ). French aid to morocco in the name of cultural cooperation in its different forms is often given with the intention of conquering the moroccan market. This allows france to force morocco to be dependent on it for its cultural goods. Nevertheless, the past decade has been characterized by a decline in the presence of french cultural goods in morocco, such as books and films. The flux of moroccan cultural goods into france is still in the embryonic stage. Franco-moroccan cooperation in radio and television is done not for economic reasons, but to promote cultural relations (thanks to the provision of programs). The only way to facilitate the penetration of moroccan cultural goods into france and to regulate the imbalance of french cultural goods in morocco is to create cooperative ventures between production companies, investors, and businesses
Ettachfini, El Mostafa. "Le Vraconien, Cénomanien et Turonien du Bassin d'Essaouira (Haut Atlas occidental, Maroc): Analyse lithologique, biostratigraphique et sédimentologique, stratigraphie séquentielle". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU30152.
Texto completoFejjal, Ali. "Fès : héritages et dynamiques urbaines actuelles". Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR1001.
Texto completoAfter having functioned as a national metropolis, fes has been relegate to the modest rank of a regional capital, following the deep changes induced bye colonization and annexation of morocco to the european economic space. Presently, the problem of fes lies in the necessity to integrate its economic, social, cultural and urbanistic heritage to the demands of the modern world. Owning to demographic growth and unbalanced employment market, the economy of fes is becoming excessively informal. Migration has already destroyed the traditional social hierarchies of fes, thus contributing to the elagement of poor social spheres. These changes have resulted in an extension of non-normative dwelling as well as the control of urban expansion. Hence an identity crisis illustrated by the burst of traditional territorialities and reinforced by the confusion of town-dwellers by the changes affecting their town, and the attitude of neo-twon-dwellers who are not willing to abide by the cultural model of the host town. Is this an "urban crisis" or rather the premisse of transition toward a new town, a new form townsmanship ?
Madouni, Abdellatif. "Géomorphologie et aménagement du littoral de Kénitra : de part et d'autre de l'estuaire du Sebou (Maroc)". Brest, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BRESA001.
Texto completoEl, Mrini Abdelmounim. "Evolution morphodynamique et impact des aménagements sur le littoral tétouanais entre Ras Mazari et Fnideq (Maroc Nord occidental)". Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT3002.
Texto completoNassreddine, Khadija. "Bidonvilles et opérations de recasement à Casablanca : le cas de Ben M'Sick - Sidi Othman (étude socio-géographique et cartographique)". Poitiers, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992POIT5010.
Texto completoThe shantytown which appeared in casablanca during the twenties gave rise to the refusal and the forcing of the authority. After its official recognition, it had a long history of rehabilitation. As ben m'sick sidi othman is the district with the greatest shantytowns in casablanca with the most important rehabilitation processes on the level of the metropolis, it represents a significant example of urbanistic changements took place in casablanca during the eighties. On the other hand, this district favours a field of investigation on the rehabilitation of shantytowns throughout three big operations: moulay rachid, al massira and sidi moumen. These three operation of rehabilitation are locared differently on the urban plan; a difference determined by the date of realization of operation, its size, its geographical situation, its administrative framing etc. On the social plan, the shantytowns'populations who rehabilitate in these cities are found with a transitory phasis between the shantytown's inheritence which stresses their under integration (precariousness of employment, feebleness of incame), and the actual dynamic of cities which encourage their integration for the urban life (housing, social and urban equipments)
Lechheb, Abdelkrim. "Etude syntaxique et rhétorique des proverbes de Kénitra". Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H079.
Texto completoGmira, Abderrazzak. "Altération des granites d'Oulmès (Maroc central) : mécanismes et produits de la kaolinisation". Lyon 1, 1994. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-02427565/document.
Texto completoSimone, Claude. "Le géosystème dunaire anthropisé d'Essaouira-Est (Maroc Atlantique) : dynamique et paléoenvironnements". Aix-Marseille 1, 2000. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00171576.
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