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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Véhicules électriques – Conduite – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Véhicules électriques – Conduite – Simulation par ordinateur"
Desreveaux, Anatole. "Impact de facteurs techniques sur la consommation énergétique de véhicules électriques". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I004.
Texto completoGlobal Warning is one of the major challenges for the 21st century. The transport sector is one of the biggest emitters of greenhouse gas. Electric Vehicles (EVs) are one of the solutions able to reduce those emissions. However, the driving range of the vehicle is one of the barriers for EVs’ adoption. The Campus of University with Mobility based on Innovation and carbon Neutral (CUMIN) program aims at reducing the greenhouse gas emissions produced by mobility at campus “Cité Scientifique” of the University of Lille. EVs are one of the solutions studied to reduce emissions on this campus. For this solution, the university wishes to study the implementation of charging stations to promote EVs. In order to do this, a tool for estimating the energy consumption of an EV is required.Many factors have an impact on the energy consumption of EVs or their driving range. It is necessary to evaluate the effects of the different factors so as to have a better estimation of the driving ranges of those cars. In this PhD Thesis, the impact of different factors on the energy consumption of an Electric Vehicle has been assessed with a simulation tool developed on purpose. The suggested tool takes into account the energy consumption of the traction system, the Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system and the other auxiliaries of the vehicle. This tool has been developed with Energetic Macroscopic Representation. This formalism aims at organizing the model using a forward approach. With this approach, it is possible to take into account the limitations of the system in the simulation tool of the vehicle. In this thesis, the modeling of the different parts have been developed, then validated with experimental tests. Finally, simulations have been carried out to evaluate the impact of the different factors on the energy consumption of an EV
Tournez, Florian. "Du composant au conducteur dans la boucle de simulation pour le test de véhicules électriques hybrides". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ULILN060.
Texto completoVehicle electrification plays a crucial role in the fight against climate change. In response to the increasingly pronounced growth of electrified vehicles in the global automotive market, new technologies have emerged to meet the demand. Hardware-in-the-Loop simulations, such as Signal (S-HIL) and Power (P-HIL), are already used in the automotive industry to test various components and next-generation subsystems before their integration into the final prototype, but their potential remains underutilized. To promote their use and enhance the speed of development, new and affordable methods need to be implemented.The objective of this thesis is to propose a flexible method for testing various electrical subsystems, ranging from traditional HIL simulations to Driver-in-the-Loop simulation (DIL). The concept of distributed HIL simulation is based on the use of a remote server. The remote server corresponds to a virtual computer located in a data center equipped with the Amesim Simcenter simulation software. The software provides access to an online library of models, allowing the user to couple their models or locally located subsystems with Amesim Simcenter to perform pure simulations, S-HIL, or P-HIL. A simple and flexible interface has been established through the organization of models using the Energetic Macroscopic Representation (EMR) formalism. Distributed HIL simulation was carried out as part of the H2020 PANDA Project to improve the integration of electrified vehicles into the automotive market. The second focus is to implement a DIL simulation coupled simultaneously with a P-HIL simulation while retaining the flexibility of using models in a real-time simulation platform. This approach enables the testing of a power subsystem while incorporating a driver through a driving simulator (DIL/P-HIL)
Barbier, Claude-Éric. "Modélisation et simulation du système véhicule électrique pour la conception et le contrôle de sa chaîne de traction". Toulouse, INPT, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPT134H.
Texto completoChateauroux, Élodie. "Analyse du mouvement d'accessibilité au poste de conduite d'une automobile en vue de la simulation : cas particulier des personnes âgées". Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2009ISAL0037/these.pdf.
Texto completoThis study takes place in the context of Digital Human models used to test the ergonomics of environments such as automotives in the earliest stages of the design process. Yet, these tools do not take into account the aging of the population. The car ingress and egress motions are particularly problematic for seniors. This thesis aims at analysing car accessibly movements of elderly people in order to 1/ better understand their difficulties and 2/ simulate these motions using a digital human model. Eighteen elderly and 7 young subjects participated in the experiment. Ingress and egress motions were captured for four types of vehicle and discomfort ratings were collected by a questionnaire. As age effects differ from one person to another, the functional capacities were measured using clinical tests to draw a portrait of the abilities of each elderly subject. Results of these tests are used to define 3 groups of people: those who have a functional problem, those with “mediocre” capacities and those who have good capacities. Ingress and egress motions are analysed through the interaction between the subject and the environment in order to define the constraints linked to vehicle design. Two major strategies have been observed for the ingress and egress movements. The strategies “Sit First” and “Two Legs Out” are used by people with functional problems. The strategies “Right Leg First” and “Left Leg First” are the most observed ingress and egress strategies, regardless of functional capacities. These movements are decomposed into phases for which sub-strategies are defined. The interactions between the hands and the environmental seem to play an important role. Compensation mechanisms are observed in the movements of persons with functional problems. The discomfort questionnaires show that elderly subjects face more problems when exiting than when entering a car. Discomfort ratings are influenced by the functional abilities of subjects but the results are very heterogeneous. An explanation would be that these ratings also reflect the preferences of subjects in terms of car accessibility. An external examiner would then better assess the difficulties of elderly people. The captured movements are structured in databases in order to simulate the accessibility movements of elderly using the RPx software
Pam, Abdoulaye. "Méthodologie d’émulation pour le test de chaîne de puissance de véhicules électrifiés". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I027.
Texto completoThe electrification of transportation has become, for several years, an essential solution to deal with the various ecological problems in transport. Thus, electrified vehicles (hybrid and electric) are more and more put on the road. Test procedures for their various components are organized to optimize the design, production, and quality of these vehicles. Power Hardware-in-the-Loop simulation (using power emulators) has become an important step in the vehicle development cycle for these various tests. To reduce time and cost constraints, the rapid development of reliable and flexible power emulators is necessary. The objective of this PhD thesis is to propose a method for the design of power emulators for electrified vehicles for the testing of their various functional subsystems. EMR (Energetic Macroscopic Representation) formalism is used as an organization tool for the design of the various power emulators. The methodology developed is used to test the battery and electric drives of a series hybrid electric vehicle. First, a unified representation of the energetic simulation model of the series hybrid electric vehicle is proposed. Next, the methodology is applied for the battery testing of the reference vehicle. Finally, the methodology is applied for electric drives testing. Experimental results are provided throughout this PhD thesis to validate these various power emulators
Denjean, Sebastien. "Sonification des véhicules électriques par illusions auditives : étude de l'intégration audiovisuelle de la perception du mouvement automobile en simulateur de conduite". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4710.
Texto completoThis thesis aims to build an auditory display to sonify electric vehicles. Our goal consisted in bringing back to the driver the motion information, which is usually provided by the combustion engine noise.The first stage of this work consisted in analyzing how automotive noises can influence drivers’ perception of motion. We conducted two driving simulator experiments to study drivers’ speed perception in presence of different automotive noises. These results provided a link between the acoustic feedback and the speed perceived by the driver, on which we based our sonification strategy.Similarly to combustion engine noise, the acoustic feedback proposed in this work informs the driver via its pitch variation. We used the Shepard Risset glissando illusion to sonify the whole speed range of the vehicle. Pitch circularity in the construction of these sounds provides a precise information on small speed variation with fast pitch variations, and is in addition restrained within a narrow bandwith.We then tested the contribution of this strategy in two experiments. The first dealt with the influence of the proposed sounds on drivers’ speed perception ; the second with their behavior in a common braking task. These studies showed that the drivers easily integrate the information brought by this sound, and that it influences their perception of motion and modifies their driving behavior. These inputs make the proposed sound a good candidate to become the new « engine noise » of future electric cars
Bouallaga, Anouar. "Gestion énergétique d’une infrastructure de charge intelligente de véhicules électriques dans un réseau de distribution intégrant des énergies renouvelables". Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10043/document.
Texto completoEnergy and environmental crisis have prompted the government to take strong measures to stimulate energy transition and accelerate green growth. In this context, electric vehicles (EVs) are considered as a real solution to deal with the current problems. Their integration into the electrical system promotes distribution system operators to develop smart solutions in this field. Concerning the Smart Grids concept, the present work aims to provide answers to a wide range of questions for demand side management program using plug-in EVs charging strategies. The first section of this PhD project, presents a methodology to assess technical and economic impacts of EVs charging on Medium and Low voltage distribution networks. Afterwards, analyses about the competitive EVs load management ancillary services are conducted in the third chapter. By comparing potential and opportunities of each ones, three ancillary services for electricity market contribution were selected. In this context, a methodology for designing energy management strategies is proposed. The latter is applied to the selected ancillary services to assess the financial contribution of the developed strategies. Environmental aspects and Wind-to-Vehicle concept are also evaluated. Furthermore, thanks to a co-simulation interface, the interactions between supervision strategies and real distribution networks are analyzed. The last section presents a Hardware-in-the-loop demonstrator using a real time simulator, smart meters and EVs charging stations. Through experiments, communication constraints and Smart Grids principles are evaluated and validated
Briault, Franck. "Contribution à la prédiction des perturbations électromagnétiques engendrées par un véhicule électrique". Paris 11, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA112461.
Texto completoTaking into account EMC aspects during the development of automotive projects needs to make use of numerical prediction tools. This present work, which has been realised in the PSA Peugeot Citroën company, gives a contribution to this long term goal, applied to the emissivity of the electric vehicle. Due to the high degree of complexity of this type of vehicle, we have to elaborate an hypothesis to simplify the representation, based on the high supposed shielding effectiveness of the electronic enclosure used. A numerical comparison has been obtained, between the radiation of a shielded electronic enclosure, and a typical structure with cables. Yet, it is necessary to obtain a numerical model of the shielded enclosure. To validate such a model, comparisons between computation and measurements are required. The plane wave experimental simulator existing at PSA permits to caracterise quickly the shielding effectiveness of the enclosure, by way of reception tests. Likewise, this property is used to validate the numerical modelisation, simulating the illumination of the enclosure. Meanwhile, this validation study has permitted to reveal the limitations of the numerical tool ASERIS BE©. It could then be developped in the AEROSPATIALE company, and adapted to the constraints of an automotive use. We could show threw this study the poor quality of the serial shielding used on board, in particular situation (low frequency magnetic field), which causes reciprocally high radiation levels outside. This has been illustrated in evaluating numerically the magnetic field radiated in a real vehicle. Then, threw the numerical prediction, we were able to give precious indications, concerning the interference hazards, and the location of sensitive receptors
Vinot, Benoît. "Conception d'un système d'information distribué pour la conduite des flexibilités dans un réseau de distribution électrique : modélisation, simulation et implémentation". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAM043/document.
Texto completoThe energy sector and the electrical networks in particular, provide great and indispensable services to our modern societies. Unfortunately, they also bring some serious drawbacks, especially with regard to the environment. These drawbacks are becoming more and more unacceptable; that is why the energy sector is trying to reduce them as much as possible, in the framework of the so-called energy transition.In addition to mandatory efforts in terms of energy efficiency and sobriety, two major directions of improvement have been identified: on the one hand, the progressive replacement of some conventional power plants with renewable production units; and on the other hand, the transfer of several non-electrical usages towards electricity --- in particular in the area of mobility.The integration of these new devices into electrical networks raise new technical challenges which, since the early 2000s, have been driving a lot of work about so-called "smart grids": electrical networks compatible with the requirements of the energy transition, ie. able to host new devices like photovoltaic solar panels and charging stations for electric vehicles, notably through the increasing usage of new information and communications technologies.Among the difficulties mentioned above, which limit the hosting capacity of the network, there are congestions ie. physical constraints limiting the amount of power that may be transmitted through a given infrastructure. Our work is devoted to the management of congestions. The fundamental issue thereon is to define a sequence of decisions, computations, communications and in fine actionsthat allows to move from a constrained situation on the electrical distribution network, to a situation in which the action of local flexibilities has lifted the constraint; in other words, to a situation where increasing or decreasing local generation and/or consumption, or taking some other control action, relieved the network.The aim of this thesis is to contribute to the development of conceptual and computing tools that will allow us to answer the fundamental aforementioned issue. Our work thus deals with the modelling of flexible electrical distribution networks, and with the tangible implementation of selected models in the form of ad hoc simulation software, specifically designed for the study of such networks
Werner, Quentin. "Model-based optimization of electrical system in the early development stage of hybrid drivetrains". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0109.
Texto completoThis work analyses the challenges faced by the electric components for traction purpose in hybrid drivetrains. It investigates the components and their interactions as an independent entity in order to refine the scope of investigation and to find the best combinations of components instead of the best components combinations. Hybrid vehicle is currently a topic of high interest because it stands for a suitable short-term solution towards zero emission vehicle. Despite its advantages, it is a challenging topic because the components need to be integrated in a conventional drivetrain architecture. Therefore, the focus of this work is set on the determination of the right methods to investigate only the electric components for traction purpose. The aim and the contributions of this work lies thereby in the resolution of the following statement: Determine the sufficient level of details in modeling electric components at the system level and develop models and tools to perform dynamic simulations of these components and their interactions in a global system analysis to identify ideal designs of various drivetrain electric components during the design process. To address these challenges, this work is divided in four main parts within six chapters. First the current status of the hybrid vehicle, the electric components and the associated optimization methods and simulation are presented (first chapter). Then for each component, the right modeling approach is defined in order to investigate the electrical, mechanical and thermal behavior of the components as well as methods to evaluate their integration in the drivetrain (second to fourth chapter). After this, a suitable method is defined to evaluate the global system and to investigate the interactions between the components based on the review of relevant previous works (chapter five). Finally, the last chapter presents the optimization approach considered in this work and the results by analyzing different system and cases (chapter six). Thanks to the analysis of the current status, previous works and the development of the simulations tools, this work investigates the relationships between the voltage, the current and the power in different cases. The results enable, under the considered assumptions of the work, to determine the influence of these parameters on the components and of the industrial environment on the optimization results. Considering the current legislative frame, all the results converge toward the same observation referred to the reference systems: a reduction of the voltage and an increase of the current leads to an improvement of the integration and the performance of the system. These observations are linked with the considered architecture, driving cycle and development environment but the developed methods and approaches have set the basis to extend the knowledge for the optimization of the electric system for traction purpose. Beside the main optimization, special cases are investigated to show the influence of additional parameters (increase of the power, 48V-system, machine technology, boost-converter…) In order to conclude, this work have set the basis for further investigations about the electric components for traction purpose in more electrified vehicle. Due to the constantly changing environment, the new technologies and the various legislative frame, this topic remains of high interest and the following challenges still need to be deeper investigated: * Application of the methods for other drivetrain architecture (series hybrid, power-split hybrid, fuel-cell vehicle, full electric vehicle), * Investigation of new technologies such as silicon-carbide for the power electronics, lithium–sulfur battery or switch reluctance machine, * Investigation of other driving cycle, legislative frame, * Integration of additional power electronics structure, * Further validation of the modeling approaches with additional components