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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Variabilité méso-échelle"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Variabilité méso-échelle"
Mkololo, Thumeka, Nkanyiso Mbatha, Venkataraman Sivakumar, Nelson Bègue, Gerrie Coetzee y Casper Labuschagne. "Stratosphere–Troposphere Exchange and O3 Variability in the Lower Stratosphere and Upper Troposphere over the Irene SHADOZ Site, South Africa". Atmosphere 11, n.º 6 (3 de junio de 2020): 586. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos11060586.
Texto completoOrte, Pablo Facundo, Elian Wolfram, Jacobo Salvador, Akira Mizuno, Nelson Bègue, Hassan Bencherif, Juan Lucas Bali et al. "Analysis of a southern sub-polar short-term ozone variation event using a millimetre-wave radiometer". Annales Geophysicae 37, n.º 4 (24 de julio de 2019): 613–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-37-613-2019.
Texto completoKuttippurath, J., S. Godin-Beekmann, F. Lefèvre, M. L. Santee, L. Froidevaux y A. Hauchecorne. "Variability in Antarctic ozone loss in the last decade (2004–2013): high-resolution simulations compared to Aura MLS observations". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, n.º 18 (22 de septiembre de 2015): 10385–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10385-2015.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Variabilité méso-échelle"
Alhammoud, Bahjat. "Circulation générale océanique et variabilité à méso-échelle en Méditerranée Orientale : approche numérique". Phd thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001798.
Texto completoDesprès, Agnès. "Les fronts de méso-échelle dans la mer d'Irminger : origine dynamique et variabilité". Paris 6, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA066162.
Texto completoLe, Boyer Arnaud. "Variabilité intra-saisonnière des courants de pente continentale forcés par la turbulence méso-échelle". Brest, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010BRES2067.
Texto completoOcean margin exchanges occur on continental slopes. In this study, the dynamics of these exchanges are forced by mesoscale turbulence in a period range of 2-90 days (High Frequency, HIF). In this area and for these time scales, the energy of the forcing (wind or off shore circulation) is converted into Coastal Trapped Waves (CTW). On the one hand, this study is interested in the transition between linear dynamic of continental slope and non-linear meso-scale turbulence. Numerical experiments were performed in a periodic zonal canal with North and South zonal continental slope. A meso-scale turbulent kid forced the slope circulation. There was a strong asymetrie between North and South slope. On the South, the forcing energy was stuck in the interior because of the opposition between the planetary beta effect and the topographic beta effect. On the North, this energy was radiated on the slope through CTW. On the other hand, the HF circulation is studied in high resolution simulation of the North Atlantic ocean at 1/12°. The model validation, utilising satellite and in-situ observations showed that the resolution was to coarse to simulate a realistic continental slope circulation. In weak eddy kinetic energy area and for period 2 ta days, the slope circulation was directly forced by HF wind. The circulation at longer period was driven by the ocean circulation. In weak eddy kinetic energy area and for period T > 10-15 days, the continental slope is a wave guide forced. By the off-shore circulation. The stratification and steep slopes drives the wave propagation. On the East Atlantic, those waves maybe a connection between the Equator and Mid-latitude
Perraud, Emilie. "Vers une amélioration du schéma statistique de nuages de méso-échelle dans les modèles AROME et Méso-NH". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1081/.
Texto completoA good representation of clouds is essential for the quality of numerical weather prediction (NWP) models such as AROME (Delta x=2,5km) and Méso-NH. With mesoscale resolutions, boundary-layer clouds such as shallow cumulus and stratocumulus are still linked with subgrid processes and it is necessary to improve their representation. The parameterization of the condensation/evaporation processes consists in a saturation adjustment in order to restore the thermodynamic equilibrium between the phases of water. Resolved clouds are commonly treated with an "all or nothing" scheme considering that a model gridbox is totally clear or cloudy. Subgrid cloud schemes currently assume a statistical description of the horizontal subgrid variability of humidity and temperature variables. A comprehensive statistical analysis of cloud fine scale data, obtained from LES simulations for non-precipitating warm boundary-layer clouds, was carried out. For mesoscale resolutions, it shows that the use of a double Gaussian distribution, associated to a single variable depicting the local distance to the saturation inside the model gridbox, provides a good estimation of the cloud fields and of the cloud base and cloud top heights. For sparse cumulus cases, a conditional sampling method shows that the dry main mode, linked to the cloud environment, would be connected to an eddy diffusivity scheme. A convective mass flux scheme could be used to characterize the cloudy second mode, associated to shallow thermals
Merien, Davy. "Variabilité biooptique à différentes échelles spatiales et temporelles dans l'Atlantique nord-est : interprétations biogéochimiques". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004148.
Texto completoVischel, Théophile. "Impact de la variabilité pluviométrique de méso-échelle sur la réponse des systèmes hydrologiques sahéliens : modélisation, simulation et désagrégation". Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0033.
Texto completoIt is of primary importance to understand how the climate variability influences the response of the Sahelian hydrological systems in ord to anticipate the hydrological impact of future climate changes and to define suitable strategies. Such studies require linking the large scale climate scenarios to the very localized water budget of sm ail catchments. This work deals with such scale issues which are essential when outputs of climate models are used to force hydrological models. The data used here characterize the continuum of space-time scales displayed by the Iwo types of hydrological systems of the Sahelian region: the sm ail endoreic systems at the left bank of the Niger River and the larger right bank tributary exoreic systems. Three main axes are investigated in the work. First we synthesize and update previous works about the description and the modelling of mesoscale rainfall variability, through the fine scale data from the AMMA-CATCH Niger observa tory. Then the impact of the spatial and temporal rainfall variability on runoff is quantified by assessing the error committed when input hydrological model data used sub-sample this rainfall variability. Finally, regarding these results and by using the developed modelling tools, rainfall regime changes and their impact on runoff are investigated through (i) the characterization of changes that have occurred during the particularly dry 1970-1989 period, (ii) hypothetic scenarios based on the actual knowledge of the potential climate changes that cou Id occur in the future
Paci, Alexandre. "Processus et variabilité méso-échelle de l'océan superficiel dans l'Atlantique nord-est dans le cadre du programme POMME". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00321794.
Texto completoLes processus impliqués dans l'évolution de la température et de la salinité dans la couche de mélange, ainsi que dans le détraînement d'eau entre la couche de mélange et la pycnocline, sont examinés. Un des résultats importants est que le détraînement n'a pas lieu le long d'une hypothétique discontinuité de profondeur de couche de mélange hivernale, mais dans des structures de submésoéchelle. Sa valeur est estimée à un peu moins de 1 Sv en moyenne sur la zone. Afin de prolonger la durée de la simulation, une méthode originale d'assimilation de courant a été implémentée dans le modèle. Elle donne d'excellents résultats et ouvre des perspectives prometteuses pour l'océanographie opérationnelle.
Pietri, Alice. "Variabilité méso et subméso-échelle de l’upwelling du Pérou à partir d’observations glider et de modélisation haute résolution". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066154.
Texto completoThe aim of this PhD thesis is to study meso and submesoscale variability in the Peru upwelling system, one of the four major Eastern Boundary Upwelling Systems (EBUS). These regions are characterized by horizontal temperature and density gradients between the coastal area and the open sea and by an enhanced biological activity. This work is based on "glider" observations along a repeat section in an upwelling cell offshore Pisco (14◦S). This in situ data gave the opportunity to describe the hydrological and alongshore velocity vertical structure in this EBUS. The acquired data allowed to estimate alongshore velocities and to study their vertical structure and variability. The surface current and the undercurrent have thus been described in detail. In addition, a deep equatorward intermittent cur- rent was evidenced in April 2010. Its dynamic and origin were studied with two eddy-resolving high-resolution models. It has been shown that this current is probably associated with a coastally trapped wave propagating from the equatorial region to the pole. This signal was also reproduced with a simple linear model and related to a third baroclinic mode of coastal-trapped wave. Hydrological data was also used to highlight the presence of submesoscale features in subsurface near the upwelling front. Different processes able to act on the distribution of thermohaline properties were studied to estimate their impact on the region. Dynamical diagnostics have shown that frontgenesis, wind driven symmetric instability and mesoscale stirring are taking place in the upwelling frontal region and could explain the observed submesoscale variability. Joint action of these three processes is likely responsible for the formation of the observed thermohaline intrusions. Variability of the upwelling front at several spatial and temporal scales was studied and the importance of meso and submeso scale dynamics highlighted in this complex system. Crucial processes have been described in order to improve the comprehension of the Peru-Chile upwelling system
Le, Lay Matthieu. "Modélisation hydrologique dans un contexte de variabilité hydro-climatique : une approche comparative pour l'étude du cycle hydrologique à méso-échelle au Bénin". Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0012.
Texto completoThe aim of this PhD is to model the hydrological behaviour of the Upper Ouémé catchment (14400 km²) in Benin. It is a part of the AMMA project (African Monsoon Multidiciplinary Analysis). We estimate the water balance and develop tools to predict climatic and anthropogenic impacts on water resources. First, the hydrological behaviour of the catchments and the main parts of the mesoscale water balance have been characterized. To represent the catchments under study, two parcimonious models have been applied : GR4J, an empirical generic structure, and TOPAMMA, a modified version of TOPMODEL developed during this work. To evaluate these models, a complete framework has been defined, to assess the two models in term of : (i) performance, (ii) uncertainties, (iii) realism. Although runoff simulations are similarly good, the two models show significantly different uncertainties and water balance estimations. The hydro-climatic variability experienced by the region over the last fifty years allows us to study the application of models in non stationary conditions. First, we focused our work on the use of models to detect changes in hydrological behaviour. Finally, the sensitivity of the hydrological response to changes in monsoon regime has been explored through various rainfall scenarios
Besson, Lucas. "Processus physiques responsables de l'établissement et de la variabilité de la mousson africaine". Paris 6, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00420498.
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