Literatura académica sobre el tema "Vaginal gel"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Vaginal gel"
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Mehta, Anirudh, Saurabh Dani y Alaka Godbole. "A multicentre, randomized, double blind, placebo controlled pilot study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of colloidal Nano silver gel (SilverSol) in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis, vulvovaginal candidiasis and trichomoniasis". Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 11, n.º 1 (15 de febrero de 2024): 83–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2024.015.
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The study evaluated the efficacy and safety of colloidal nano silver gel (SilverSol Vagigel) (A patented technology from American Biotech Labs, USA) in combination with 0.2% lactic acid in the female subjects for the treatment of vaginal infections.This study was a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study in which post-menarchal female subjects between 18 and 65 years of age clinically diagnosed with bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis were enrolled. The participants were randomized to receive treatment with SilverSol Vagigel or placebo (vehicle) gel (both treatments as one 4 gm application inserted into the vagina with an applicator device, once daily at bedtime for internal use and 2 gm gel for local application to the vulva and vagina for external use twice daily for a period of 14 days). The primary endpoint evaluated was the proportion of subjects achieving clinical cure. The secondary endpoint was the proportion of subjects achieving microbiological cure at the end of the study visit. A total of 57 subjects were randomized in the study out of which 38 subjects were randomized in SilverSol Vagigel arm and 19 subjects were randomized in placebo arm. SilverSol Vagigel significantly improved cure rates of vaginal infections compared to placebo. The proportion of subjects achieving clinical cure of vaginal infections was higher i.e., 33 (86.84%) subjects in SilverSol Vagigel arm compared to 07 (41.18%) subjects in Placebo gel arm (p-value: 0.0009). The clinical cure rate with SilverSol Vagigel was 81.82% (P=0.1758) for bacterial vaginosis and 92.59% (P=0.0010) for vulvovaginal candidiasis patients at the end of the study. Overall SilverSol Vagigel treatment resulted in a significantly higher microbial cure of vaginal infections (P=0.0028) compared to placebo, with a microbial cure rate of 100% for bacterial vaginosis (P=0.0330) and 85.19% for vulvovaginal candidiasis (P=0.0097). No adverse events were reported in subjects treated with SilverSol Vagigel.Colloidal Nano Silver Gel (SilverSol Vagigel) was effective and safe in treating bacterial vaginosis and vulvovaginal candidiasis.
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Bulavenko, O. V., V. O. Rud y S. A. Bosui. "Vaginal gel Lactagel in correction of vaginal biocenosis in patients after gynecological operations". HEALTH OF WOMAN, n.º 7(123) (30 de septiembre de 2017): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2017.123.116.
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The objective: to evaluate the clinical efficacy of using Lactagel for the correction of vaginal biocenosis in patients after gynecological operations. Patients and methods: 50 women of reproductive age with a violation of biocenosis of the vagina, which occurred after gynecological operations, participated in the study. We evaluated the clinical efficacy of the treatment after its conducting using the microbiological and clinical criteria of effectiveness: 1) the dynamics of the subjective signs of bacterial vaginosis on the visual-analog scale in the first day after the operation and before discharge; 2) reduction of the number of objective clinical criteria of Amsel; 3) the dynamics of vaginal biopsy. We use vaginal gel Lactagel according to the scheme: 5 ml intravaginally one time per day for 7 days for the treatment. Results: The numerical values of the visual analog scale showed that after treatment with Lactagel in 64% of the patients the selection was absent or not significant; the smell of secretions was absent in all patients; moderate itching and burning were absent in all patients. Before the discharge, According to Amsel criteria, the vaginal discharge was determined in eight women (16%); PHі4.5 - in three (6%); a positive KOH test is two (4%), «key» cells in two women (4%). The median concentration of Lactobacillus spp. 105-107 CFU/ml, while Gardenella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae reached <104 CFU/ml after the treatment. Conclusion: According to the analysis of the severity of clinical manifestations on the visual-analog scale; The number of objective clinical criteria of the Amelia, the dynamics of vaginal biopsy, we can recommend Laktagel for widespread use in clinical practice. Key words: vaginal biocenosis, postoperative period, dysbiosis, bacterial vaginosis, lactobacilli, Lactagel.
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Strandberg, Kristi L., Marnie L. Peterson, Ying-Chi Lin, Melinda C. Pack, David J. Chase y Patrick M. Schlievert. "Glycerol Monolaurate Inhibits Candida and Gardnerella vaginalis In Vitro and In Vivo but Not Lactobacillus". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 54, n.º 2 (14 de diciembre de 2009): 597–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.01151-09.
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ABSTRACT We investigated the effects of glycerol monolaurate (GML) on Lactobacillus, Candida, and Gardnerella vaginalis human vaginal microflora. Our previous work demonstrated that 6 months of GML treatment vaginally does not alter lactobacillus counts in monkeys. Candida and G. vaginalis are commonly associated with vaginal infections in women, many becoming chronic or recurrent. In vitro growth inhibition studies determined the effects of GML (0 to 500 μg/ml) against multiple Candida species and G. vaginalis. A randomized, double-blind study investigated the effects of GML on vaginal microflora Lactobacillus, Candida, and G. vaginalis in colonized or infected women (n = 36). Women self-administered intravaginal gels containing 0% (n = 14), 0.5% (n = 13), or 5% (n = 9) GML every 12 h for 2 days. Vaginal swabs were collected before and immediately after the first gel administration and 12 h after the final gel administration. Swabs were tested for Lactobacillus, Candida, G. vaginalis, and GML. In vitro GML concentrations of 500 μg/ml were candicidal for all species tested, while a concentration of 10 μg/ml was bactericidal for G. vaginalis. Control and GML gels applied vaginally in women did not alter vaginal pH or Lactobacillus counts. Control gels reduced G. vaginalis counts but not Candida counts, whereas GML gels reduced both Candida and G. vaginalis. No adverse events were reported by participating women. GML is antimicrobial for Candida and G. vaginalis in vitro. Vaginal GML gels in women do not affect Lactobacillus negatively but significantly reduce Candida and G. vaginalis.
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Provotorova, T. V. "Analysis of long-term results of Metrogil vaginal gel and Metrogil plus in the treatment of recurrent vaginal biocenosis disorders". Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproduction 12, n.º 2 (27 de agosto de 2018): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17749/2313-7347.2018.12.2.032-038.
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Aim: to study the efficacy of Metrogil vaginal gel and Metrogil plus in patients with recurrent vaginal biocenosis disorders. Materials and methods. A total of 234 patients were examined. Among them, 115 women with mixed flora without Candida spp in their vaginal microbiome, received Metrogil vaginal gel treatment (group 1), and 119 women with mixed flora and Candida spp. in their vaginal microbiome, received treatment with Metrogil plus applied as an intravaginal gel (group 2). To assess the treatment efficacy, patients’ complaints, objective examination data, pH-metry, smear microscopy, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were analyzed. Results. In the vaginal microbiome of all patients before treatment, the presence of heterogeneous gram-positive and gram-negative flora was detected; among those bacteria, a markedly decreased presence of Lactobacillus spp. (to 102-103 cfu/ml) and a dramatically increased presence of Gardnerella vaginalis, Atopobium vaginae, Mobiluncus spp. was found; there was also a significant amount of Candida spp. in patients of group 2. By the end of the treatment, the patients presented no complaints, there were no objective clinical symptoms, the pH values came to normal, and the PCR results showed an improvement in the qualitative and quantitative composition of the vaginal microflora. In most patients, this positive result persisted for 3 months. Conclusion. The decision on pharmacotherapy in patients with recurrent disbalance of vaginal biocenosis should be based on the qualitative composition of the vaginal microbiome.
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Uvarova, E. V. y Z. K. Batyrova. "Advantage of complex correction of vaginal microbiocenosis at an early reproductive age". Medical Council, n.º 13 (10 de octubre de 2019): 142–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-13-142-147.
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Aim of the study: evaluation of the effectiveness of the integrated use of the Vagilac line of intimate hygiene products in young women with bacterial vaginosis (BV). Design of the study: prospective randomized intervention open study. Materials and methods: 45 menstruating young women diagnosed with «BW» at the age of 11-17 years, divided into 3 equal groups, were examined. In the 1st group adolescents received oral probiotic with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1® and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14® within 15 days, in the 2nd group within 30 days. Group 3 girls, along with probiotic, used liquid soap and Vagilac moisturising gel with lactic acid for intimate hygiene for 30 days. Diagnosis and control of the results were assessed taking into account complaints, vulvovaginoscopy, pH-metry, microscopy and molecular-genetic examination of vaginal microbiocenosis. Results: 1 month after the end of oral probiotic use, the share of Lactobacillus spp. in vaginal TBM in girls who received the probiotic within 15 days was 21.3%, 30 days 53.4%. The parallel use of liquid soap and Vagilac gel for intimate hygiene was manifested by the steady normalization of lactobacillus representation in the vagina. Conclusion: In the case of bacterial vaginosis in young girls, the most appropriate way to restore vaginal normocenosis was to use an oral probiotic with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1® and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14® for 30 days with the addition of liquid soap and Vagilac moisturising gel for intimate hygiene.
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Oliveira, Laura Maria Andrade, Cláudio Galuppo Diniz, Aline Augusta Sampaio Fernandes, Daniele Maria Knupp Souza-Sotte, Michelle Cristine Ribeiro Freitas, Alessandra Barbosa Ferreira Machado y Vania Lucia Silva. "Assessment of vaginal microbiota in Brazilian women with and without bacterial vaginosis and comparison with Nugent score". Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 12, n.º 02 (28 de febrero de 2018): 127–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.9532.
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Introduction: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by the depletion of Lactobacillus spp. population and increase of other species, especially Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae. This study aimed to investigate the vaginal microbiota structure of Brazilian women with and without BV according to Nugent Score and to assess the correlation among Nugent score and the quantification of BV-associated bacteria.
Methodology: Polymerase Chain Reaction-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) assay was employed to characterize the vaginal microbiota structure. Quantification of Lactobacillus spp., G. vaginalis, A. vaginae, Mobiluncus sp. and M. hominis were determined by quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR).
Results: Clustering by PCR-DGGE revealed differences in microbial structure of the different patient groups. Gardnerella vaginalis, A. vaginae, M. hominis and Mobiluncus sp. were detected at high loads in BV-associated microbiota. Quantification of Lactobacillus spp. showed an inverse correlation with Nugent score while the loads of G. vaginalis, A. vaginae, M. hominis and Mobiluncus sp. indicated a direct correlation with this method.
Conclusions: Despite Nugent score is considered the gold standard for BV diagnosis, qPCR stands out as a useful tool for bacteria quantification and an alternative for BV diagnosis. Vaginal microbiota is a complex microbial community although there is a common core among BV and non-BV women. Investigation of vaginal microbiota structure may contribute to the development of tools for diagnosis improvement and therapeutic regimen optimization.
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Kenney, Jessica, Aixa Rodríguez, Larisa Kizima, Samantha Seidor, Radhika Menon, Ninochka Jean-Pierre, Pavel Pugach et al. "A Modified Zinc Acetate Gel, a Potential Nonantiretroviral Microbicide, Is Safe and Effective against Simian-Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Herpes Simplex Virus 2 InfectionIn Vivo". Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy 57, n.º 8 (10 de junio de 2013): 4001–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aac.00796-13.
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ABSTRACTWe previously showed that a prototype gel comprising zinc acetate (ZA) in carrageenan (CG) protected mice against vaginal and rectal herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) challenge as well as macaques against vaginal simian-human immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase (SHIV-RT) challenge. In this work, we modified buffers and cosolvents to obtain a stable, nearly iso-osmolal formulation and evaluated its safety and efficacy against SHIV-RT and HSV-2.In vitrotoxicity to lactobacilli andCandida albicanswas determined. Macaques were given daily doses of ZA and CG (ZA/CG) or CG alone vaginally for 14 days and challenged with SHIV-RT 24 h later. Mice were challenged vaginally or rectally with HSV-2 immediately after a single gel treatment to measure efficacy or vaginally 12 h after daily gel treatment for 7 days to evaluate the gel's impact on susceptibility to HSV-2 infection. The modified ZA/CG neither affected the viability of lactobacilli orC. albicansnor enhanced vaginal HSV-2 infection after daily ZA/CG treatment. Vaginal SHIV-RT infection of macaques was reduced by 66% (P= 0.006) when macaques were challenged 24 h after the last dose of gel. We observed 60% to 80% uninfected mice after vaginal (P< 0.0001) and rectal (P= 0.008) high-dose HSV-2 challenge. The modified ZA/CG gel is safe and effective in animal models and represents a potential candidate to limit the transmission of HIV and HSV-2.
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Mardikasari, Sandra Aulia, Arfian Junior Amir, Aliyah ., Muhammad Nur Amir, Achmad Himawan, Usmanengsih ., Suci Ananda Putri, Irma Nurfadilla Tuany y Andi Dian Permana. "DEVELOPMENT OF METRONIDAZOLE MICROSPONGE INCORPORATED INTO CARBOMER-BASED VAGINAL GEL". Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 9, Spl-2-ICOPMES_2020 (8 de septiembre de 2021): S241—S247. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(spl-2-icopmes_2020).s241.s247.
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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a vaginal infection caused by excessive bacterial growth, thus disrupting the natural balance of bacteria inside the vagina. Metronidazole becomes a drug of choice and a widely prescribed drug for the treatment of BV. However, when applied topically, metronidazole has a low vaginal residence time because of the natural washing mechanism of the vagina. This study aimed to improve the retention time of metronidazole inside the vagina and control its release profile. This study was prepared 4 formulas of gel for metronidazole microsponges with some concentration ratio of carbomer and triethanolamine. The evaluations carried out to test the efficacy of the developed formulation included organoleptic, pH measurement, spreadability, viscosity, mucoadhesive properties, permeation test using Franz diffusion cell and retention test. The results showed that the gel appearance was white, odourless and homogenous. The characteristics of all prepared gel for pH, viscosity, spreadability, and mucoadhesive ability were appropriate to the required standard for vaginal delivery. The permeation and retention test showed that F3 with the carbomer and triethanolamine concentration of 1.25%: 1.75% was able to retain and controlled the drug release locally in the vaginal mucosa. This study provides an alternative strategy in drug formulation for the treatment of BV.
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Stryha, O. A., G. V. Zaychenko, S. I. Savosko y K. Y. Sorokopud. "THE INVESTIGATION OF PHARMACOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF VAGINAL GEL WITH RESVERATROL AND HYALURONIC ACID IN CONDITIONS OF EXPERIMENTAL HYPOESTROGENIC STATE IN RATS". Medical Science of Ukraine (MSU) 17, n.º 1 (30 de marzo de 2021): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.32345/2664-4738.1.2021.10.
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Relevance. The menopausal period due to irreversible loss of ovarian function is accompanied by various clinical symptoms and systemic changes. In turn, hormone replacement therapy has a number of contraindications and side effects, so now there is a need to find and create prophylactic and therapeutic agents based on natural compounds that are related to β-estrogen receptors. Vaginal gel with resveratrol and hyaluronic acid can reduce atrophic manifestations of the vaginal mucosa and affect various symptoms of menopause. However, the nature of the effect, dosage, and consequences of long-term use of resveratrol need further study.
Objective: to study pharmacological properties of a new vaginal gel with resveratrol and hyaluronic acid (HA) in a model of hypoestrogenism in ovariectomized rats.
Materials and methods. The experiments were performed on 24 outbred white nonlinear female rats, which were divided into 4 groups: intact control, controlled pathology, controlled pathology, and administration of resveratrol with hyaluronic acid, controlled pathology, and administration of a comparison drug with synthetic estrogen. The effectiveness of the drugs was assessed by their effect on the blood levels of the sex hormones estrogen and progesterone, on body weight, on body temperature, on the pH of vaginal secretions, on the state of the vaginal mucosa.
Results. 28-day vaginal injection of gel with resveratrol and hyaluronic acid slowed down and normalized weight gain of ovariectomized female rats, stabilized skin temperature and induced normalization of the pH of vaginal secretions of the vagina, normalized the level of sex hormones in the blood, promoted the restoration of the epithelial plate of the vagina.
Conclusions. The results showed the feasibility of developing and using a new vaginal gel with resveratrol as an alternative to hormone-containing drugs for the prevention or treatment of pathological hypoestrogenic conditions arising from estrogen deficiency.
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Kumar, Abhijeet y Raju Agarwal. "Role and efficacy of vaginal dinoprostone gel (PGE2) plus vaginal misoprostol (PGE1) in second trimester termination of pregnancy". International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 7, n.º 3 (27 de febrero de 2018): 888. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20180455.
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Background: The addition of dinoprostone gel (PGE2) to standard regimen of second trimester abortion using vaginal misoprostol (PGE1) reduces failure rate and decrease induction abortion time interval. We evaluated the role and efficacy of vaginal dinoprostone gel with vaginal misoprostol in women undergoing second trimester abortion. Objective of present study was to assess the safety and effectiveness of vaginal dinoprostone gel plus vaginal misoprostol for second trimester termination of pregnancy.Methods: This study was a prospective cohort involving 100 women with 12-20 weeks gestation requesting termination of pregnancy. In study group 0.5mg dinoprostone gel applied vaginally followed by 400µg misoprostol every four hourly (max 3 doses) after six hours of dinoprostone gel application. The mean age of the women study was 27.2 years and mean gestational age was 18.9 weeks. The primary effectiveness of the study was the efficacy of the treatment to terminate pregnancy at 20 hrs. Secondary outcomes were induction abortion interval, failure rate, side effects. statistical analysis of study was carried out using chi square test.Results: At 20 hours, the complete abortion rate was 100%. Within 16 hours 98% women aborted without any significant side effects. Mean induction abortion interval was 14.56 hours.Conclusions: Combination of vaginal dinoprostone gel (PGE2) plus misoprostol (PGE1) is effective, safe and alternate method for second trimester pregnancy termination with. In this protocol induction to abortion interval time is less as compared to other methods of second trimester pregnancy termination.
Tesis sobre el tema "Vaginal gel"
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LEITE, Sonia Regina Ribeiro de Figueiredo. "Ensaio clínico randomizado comparando dois tratamentos para vaginose bacteriana, com estudo descritivo do perfil clínico, epidemiológico e microbiológico das mulheres antes do tratamento". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2009. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/6976.
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Previous issue date: 2009INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA INTEGRAL PROF FERNANDO FIGUEIRA
Esta tese, apresentada em dois artigos, teve por objetivo comparar dois tratamentos para Vaginose Bacteriana, utilizando metronidazol e aroeira, em aplicação tópica vaginal e estudar o perfil clínico, epidemiológico e bacteriológico das mulheres participantes, antes de serem submetidas ao tratamento. O primeiro artigo consistiu de um ensaio clínico randomizado, duplamente mascarado, que comparou a eficácia entre os dois tratamentos em mulheres com vaginose bacteriana diagnosticada, concomitantemente, pelos critérios de Amsel e Nugent. Foi utilizada a Análise por Intenção de Tratar. Do total de 277 participantes do ensaio clínico, 137 mulheres foram tratadas com gel de Aroeira e 140 tratadas com Metronidazol. Na avaliação de cura pelos critérios de Amsel, 21,2% das pacientes que utilizaram aroeira e 62,1% que usaram metronidazol obtiveram cura. Quando o Escore de Nugent foi utilizado foram curadas 13,9% das mulheres do grupo da aroeira e 56,4% do grupo metronidazol. A cura total (com a utilização dos dois critérios) foi observada em 12,4% do total de pacientes no grupo da aroeira e 56,4% das mulheres que usaram metronidazol. O segundo artigo constou de uma série de casos onde foram estudados os achados clínicos, epidemiológicos e microbiológicos das participantes do ensaio clínico antes do tratamento, além da presença de lactobacilos nas citologias oncóticas e a população bacteriana componente das microbiotas vaginais identificadas por culturas de secreção vaginal. Entre as queixas clínicas, as mais frequentes foram o corrimento genital, observado em 74,4% das participantes e o odor de peixe da secreção vaginal, que ocorreu em 68,6% dos casos. As culturas de conteúdo vaginal permitiram a identificação de Gardnerella vaginalis em 96,8% e de Mobiluncus em 53,1% dos casos. Apenas em uma terça parte dos exames (32,1%) havia a presença de Lactobacillus. Como conclusões dos estudos, foram observados índices de cura menores com a utilização de Aroeira do que com Metronidazol; os efeitos colaterais foram pouco frequentes e sem maior gravidade em ambos os grupos e continuam necessários novos estudos que melhor elucidem as inter-relações entre os achados microbiológicos e a expressão clínica da doença
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Chatterjee, Arkendu. "Studies on formulation development and evaluation of anti-HIV bioadhesive microencapsnlated vaginal gel". Thesis, University of North Bengal, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/1470.
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Cesar, Cunha Nunes Livio. "Própolis vermelha do litoral de Pernambuco: Caracterização, Atividade Biológica e Proposta de Gel Vaginal". Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2008. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/3137.
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Previous issue date: 2008Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
A própolis é uma substância balsâmica de origem vegetal, coletada e transportada pelas abelhas dos ramos, flores, brotos, polém e exudatos de árvores, acrescentada de secreção salivar. Tem por objetivo proteger a colméia vedando frestas e inibindo a proliferação microbiana, tornando o interior da colméia tão asséptico quanto uma sala cirúrgica. É composta por uma infinidade de substâncias de acordo com sua origem, época de coleta e características das abelhas, sendo caracterizadas mais de 300 substâncias. É utilizada pelo homem desde a antiguidade por apresentar propriedades terapêuticas como: bactericida, fungicida, virocida, antiinflamatória, imunoestimulante, antioxidante, cicatrizante, dentre outras. As amostras de própolis brasileiras podem ser classificadas em 13 grupos, dos quais o grupo mais estudado é o da própolis verde, mais comum no sudeste e o menos estudado é o grupo da própolis vermelha, que ocorre no litoral nordeste. A ocorrência da própolis vermelha já foi citada na literatura, ocorrendo desde o litoral do Estado da Bahia até o litoral da Paraíba. O presente estudo caracterizou uma amostra de própolis do litoral de Pernambuco do ponto de vista da composição química e das atividades biológicas, bem como realizou o desenvolvimento farmacotécnico de formulações semi-sólidas, para uso vaginal. A caracterização química mostrou como constituintes voláteis majoritários os compostos trans-anetol, -copaeno e o metil cis-isoeugenol, apresentando atividade tóxica contra Artemia salina, com CL50 de 18,9 μg/mL, antioxidade, tanto no modelo in vitro, quanto in vivo, atividade antigenotóxica, assim como atividades antiinflamatória e antifúngica. O extrato hidroalcoólico se mostrou compatível em formulações de gel mucoadesivo, apresentando boas características físico-químicas. Conclue-se que, complementando-se com testes clínicos, o gel desenvolvido pode tornar-se um grande aliado no combate às vaginites inespecíficas, que acometem milhares de mulheres
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N'guessan, Kakwokpo. "Développement d’un gel vaginal à base de poloxamer 407, d’alginate de sodium et de Lactobacillus crispatus pour la prévention de la gonococcie". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS588.
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La gonococcie est une infection sexuellement transmissible due au gonocoque. Elle est devenue un problème majeur de santé publique du fait de la multirésistance aux antibiotiques, mais surtout de la résistance au traitement de dernière intention actuellement en vigueur. Lactobacillus crispatus, une bactérie naturelle, commensale du vagin de la femme, s’est montré efficace pour inhiber le gonocoque. Les gels, une forme galénique bien acceptée, sont déjà utilisés pour le traitement des infections genitales de la femme. Disposer d’un gel contenant Lactobacillus crispatus, efficace, facile à administrer par la femme elle-même parait donc attractif pour la prévention de la gonococcie. Ainsi, nous avons conçu un gel à base d’un polymère thermogélifiant, le poloxamer 407 et d’un polymère biocompatible, l’alginate de sodium. Dans un premier temps, une étude physico-chimique du mélange de polymères a permis de retenir les concentrations optimisées. Dans un second temps, la souche de Lactobacillus choisie a été caractérisée et introduite dans le mélange de polymères. Les propriétés physicochimiques dont les caractéristiques rhéologiques, l’expulsion d’un dispositif d’administration, la stabilité, la microstructure ainsi que l’efficacité in vitro du gel obtenu ont été étudiés. Une répartition homogène de Lactobacillus crispatus a été observée dans le gel. Ce système est facilement administrable et possède des propriétés rhéologiques favorables à son étalement et son maintien dans la lumière vaginale. Ce gel a permis d’inhiber la croissance du gonocoque in vitroGonorrhea is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae. It has become a major public health issue due to multidrug resistance, especially resistance to the current last-intention treatment.Lactobacillus crispatus, a natural bacterium, commensal to the woman's vagina, has been shown to inhibit Neisseria gonorrhoeae. Gels, a well-accepted dosage form, are already used for the treatment of woman's genital infections. Having a gel containing Lactobacillus crispatus, that is effective, easy to administer by the woman herself, would be ideal for the prevention of gonorrhea. Thus, we designed a gel based on a thermogelling polymer, poloxamer 407, and a biocompatible polymer, sodium alginate. First, a physicochemical study of the polymers mixtures allowed to select the optimized concentrations. Second, the selected Lactobacillus strain was characterized and introduced into the optimized polymer mixture. Physicochemical properties including rheological characteristics, expulsion from a device, stability, microstructure as well as in vitro gel efficacy were studied. A homogeneous distribution of Lactobacillus crispatus was observed in the gel. It was easily administered and its rheological properties were suitable for its spreading and its long reidence time in the vaginal lumen. This gel showed an inhibition of gonococcal growth in vitro
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Navarro, Paula Andrea de Albuquerque Salles. "Avaliação da Tolerabilidade, do Perfil Hormonal e dos Efeitos Endometrais Secundário à Administração Vaginal do Gel e de Allopregnanolona à Mulheres na Pós-Menopausa, em Uso de Estrogenioterapia: Estudo Fase 2". Universidade de São Paulo, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17145/tde-07112006-101502/.
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Objetivos: Avaliar a tolerabilidade e obter dados preliminares referentes aos efeitos endometriais da allopregnanolona, administrada sob a forma de gel, por via vaginal, a pacientes na pós-menopausa em uso de estrogenioterapia oral, ao longo de 2 ciclos de tratamento, assim como obter dados preliminares do efeito da droga de estudo, nos níveis séricos de gonadotrofinas, estradiol e progesterona. Pacientes e métodos: Foram incluídas no presente estudo 13 pacientes na pós-menopausa, divididas em 2 grupos: grupo 1: primeiras 7 pacientes incluídas no estudo (mediana de idade = 52 anos; mediana de tempo de amenorréia = 2 anos ) e grupo 2: 6 últimas pacientes (mediana de idade = 55,5 anos; mediana de tempo de amenorréia = 4,3 anos ). Todas as pacientes foram submetidas a 2 ciclos consecutivos de tratamento, cada qual com 28 dias de duração, utilizando 2 mg ao dia de valerato de estradiol, por via oral, continuamente, associado ao gel de allopregnanolona a 8%, por via vaginal, nos 10 últimos dias de um único ciclo (grupo 1) ou dos 2 ciclos (grupo 2). Todas as pacientes foram avaliadas quanto à caracterização dos efeitos adversos e sangramento genital. Coleta de sangue para dosagens hormonais e biópsias de endométrio foram realizadas no 28o e no 56o dia de tratamento, nas pacientes do grupo 1 e, apenas, no 56o, nas do grupo 2. Resultados: A taxa de aderência ao tratamento foi de 100% nas pacientes de ambos os grupos. A mastalgia foi o efeito adverso mais freqüente (4 casos), seguido pela cefaléia e pela dor abdominal (2 casos cada), todos estes relacionados ao uso do valerato de estradiol. Uma paciente referiu prurido vulvar durante o uso do gel de allopregnanolona. Todos os efeitos adversos foram leves e não interferiram na utilização das medicações prescritas. Não houve diferença significativa (P =1,0) entre as proporções de sangramento genital por deprivação hormonal após um (23,1%) ou dois ciclos de utilização da allopregnanolona (33,3%). Não encontramos diferença significativa (P = 0,27) entre as proporções de endométrio secretor e proliferativo após um (57,1% e 42,9%, respectivamente) ou dois ciclos (16,7% e 66,6%) de uso da allopregnanolona. Contudo há uma aparente redução da percentagem de endométrio secretor após 2 meses de utilização da allopregnanolona, quando comparada a um único ciclo de uso desta droga. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os níveis séricos de FSH, LH, estradiol ou progesterona após um ciclo com valerato de estradiol exclusivamente, quando comparados a um ou dois ciclos de uso da allopregnanolona. Conclusões: Observamos boa tolerabilidade à administração vaginal do gel de allopregnanolona a mulheres na pós-menopausa, em uso de estrogenioterapia oral com valerato de estradiol, refletida pela baixa incidência de efeitos adversos e pela boa aceitabilidade à terapêutica. Aparentemente, a allopregnanolona não interfere nos níveis séricos de gonadotrofinas, estradiol e progesterona. Estudos com maiores casuística e tempo de seguimento são necessários para se determinar os efeitos endometriais desta nova droga, e, conseqüentemente, da sua possível utilização futura, nos diversos esquemas de terapia de reposição hormonal vigentes.Objectives: To evaluate the tolerability and to obtain preliminary data regarding the endometrial effects of allopregnanolone, administered in the form of a gel by the vaginal route to postmenopausal women on oral estrogen therapy, along two cycles of treatment, and to obtain preliminary data about the effect of the drug under study on serum gonadotropin, estradiol and progesterone levels. Patients and methods: Thirteen postmenopausal women were divided into 2 groups: group 1: the first 7 patients admitted to the study (median age = 52 years; median time of amenorrhea = 2 years), and group 2: last 6 patients (median age = 55.5 years; median time of amenorrhea = 4.3 years). All patients were submitted to 2 consecutive treatment cycles of 28 days each continuously taking 2 mg estradial valerate a day by the oral route in combination with 8% allopregnanolone gel by the vaginal route during the last 10 days of a single cycle (group 1) or of 2 cycles (group 2). All patients were evaluated in terms of adverse effects and genital bleeding. Blood samples were collected for hormonal measurements and endometrial biopsies were taken on the 28th and 56th days of treatment in group 1 patients and only on the 56th day in group 2 patients. Results: The rate of compliance with treatment was 100% for the patients of both groups. Mastalgia was the most frequent adverse effect (4 cases), followed by headache and by abdominal pain (2 cases each), all of them related to the use of estradiol valerate. One patient reported vaginal pruritus during the use of the allopregnanolone gel by the vaginal route. All adverse effects were mild and none of them interfered with the use of the prescribed medications. There was no significant difference (P = 1.0) between the proportions of genital bleeding due to hormonal deprivation after one (23.1%) or two cycles of allopregnanolone (33.3%). Also, no significant difference (P = 0.27) was found between the proportions of secretory and proliferative endometrium after one (57.1% and 42.9%, respectively) or two cycles (16.7% and 66.6%) of allopregnanolone. However, there was an apparent reduction in the percentage of secretory endometrium after 2 months of allopregnanolone compared to a single cycle of this drug. There was no significant difference between serum FSH, LH, estradiol or progesterone levels after one cycle with estradiol valerate exclusively, compared to one or two cycles of allopregnanolone. Conclusions: We observed good tolerability of vaginal administration of allopregnanolone gel to menopausal women on oral estrogen treatment with estradiol valerate, as shown by the low incidence of adverse effects and by the good acceptability of treatment. Apparently allopregnanolone does not interfere with serum gonadotrophin, estradiol or progesterone levels. Studies on a larger series and with a longer follow-up time are needed to determine the endometrial effects of this new drug and consequently the possibility of its future use in the different schemes of hormonal replacement therapy currently available.
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Gomes, Jos? Giovani Nobre. "Associa??o dos polimorfismos g?nicos para interleucina 17 (IL-17) e Foxp3 em mucosa gengival e vaginal de mulheres adultas". PROGRAMA DE P?S-GRADUA??O EM CI?NCIAS DA SA?DE, 2015. https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/22207.
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Introdu??o: As membranas mucosas s?o respons?veis para a interface com o mundo exterior, respondendo especificamente ?s amea?as externas dos agentes patog?nicos. Tomados em conjunto, a flora normal exerce efeitos profundos no sistema imune das mucosas, e provavelmente desempenha um papel importante na fisiologia e patologia humana. Recentemente identificou-se que o papel de duas subpopula??es de c?lulas T auxiliares [Treg; forkhead caixa P3 positivo (Foxp3)] e c?lulas Th17 [interleucina-17-positivo (IL-17)] mant?m forte rela??o com a doen?a periodontal (DP), mas a sua rela??o com gengivite, assim como com outras patologias de mucosas precisa ser esclarecida. Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi o de identificar variantes polim?rficas na regi?o promotora do gene de Foxp3 e IL-17A e sua poss?vel correla??o com a gravidade da gengivite, assim como, a associar flora microbiana e ecossistema vaginal e o papel das variantes polim?rficas na regi?o promotora do gene Foxp3 e IL-17A em citologia cervical (papanicolau), al?m da associa??o com grau de esfrega?os inflamat?rios, dados cl?nicos e laboratoriais da popula??o do nordeste do Brasil. M?todos: Estudo anal?tico e transversal com a pesquisa cl?nica, realizada atrav?s dos dados cl?nicos e laboratoriais de condi??es gengivais e cervicais de um grupo de mulheres adultas. OS par?metros periodontais cl?nicos avaliados foram: ?ndice de placa (IP), ?ndice gengival (IG) e Periodontal Screening e grava??o (PSR). Com base nos valores ?ndice Gengival (IG), os indiv?duos foram classificados de acordo com a gravidade da inflama??o gengival. Citopatol?gico de colo uterino foram realizados e determinou-se a correla??o entre o relat?rio citol?gico usando o sistema de Bethesda. Esfrega?os inflamat?rios tiveram suas intensidades classificadas como leve, moderada e grave. Os polimorfismos de Foxp3 e IL-17 genes foram analisados pelo m?todo de restri??o do fragmento Lenght Polymorphism (RFLP). As amostras de DNA foram obtidas a partir de sangue perif?rico. Os dados foram organizados em um banco de dados no programa estat?stico SPSS ? e submetidos a testes estat?sticos. Para avaliar o grau de associa??o entre gengivite e aspectos qualitativos foi avaliada pela aplica??o do teste Qui-quadrado. Teste de Fisher e Odds Ratio (OR) foi calculado com intervalo de confian?a de 95% (IC 95%). A an?lise do grau de associa??o do n?vel de inflama??o do colo do ?tero com vari?veis qualitativas foi utilizado o teste qui-quadrado. Para an?lises quantitativas foram aplicados Kruscal-Wallis e teste de Jonckheere-Terpstra. Foi utilizado o teste t de Student para comparar as m?dias de GI entre os grupos, assim como o One-way ANOVA para comparar as m?dias entre mais de dois grupos. O equil?brio de Hardy-Weinberg foi avaliada pelo teste do qui-quadrado Goodness-of-Fit. Resultado: O estudo confirma a alta preval?ncia de gengivite, com 74 (52,9%) com gengivite leve e 67 (47,1%) com gengivite moderada. Houve associa??o entre o grau de gengivite leve, com mais jovens do que 38 anos (OR = 2,618), escovando freq??ncia (p = 0,012), e triagem periodontal e grava??o (PSR) categoriza??o de acordo com a classe (p <0,0001), com diferen?as significativas em a idade (p = 0,028), soma dos valores obtidos PSR examinou a seis locais (p <0,0001) analisado o n?mero de dentes (p = 0,027) e PI (p <0,001); Os esfrega?os foram negativos para les?o intraepitelial escamosa ou malignidade (NILM) em todas as examinadas. Com base teste de Papanicolau, as amostras apresentaram microbiota vaginal com lactobacilos em 40 pacientes (23%) e com outros pat?genos microbianos em 131 pacientes (77%). Os Polimorfismo IL-17A e Foxp3 foram investigados ap?s genotipagem e c?lculo do Equil?brio de Hardy-Weinberg (HWE) em ambos os SNPs. FoxP3 e IL-17 de acordo com HWE nos pacientes estudados. N?o houve associa??o com os polimorfismos Foxp3 entre pacientes e controles, bem como entre a microbiota vaginal na an?lise de rela??o em grupos. No entanto, o polimorfismo IL-17, na an?lise de associa??o de pacientes e controles, houve associa??o (p = 0,02), com predomin?ncia do alelo G em pacientes, bem como a distribui??o de gen?tipos foi associado entre GA frente GG (p = 0,04) em compara??o com GG e GA + GG (p = 0,02), com predom?nio do gen?tipo GG em pacientes. No grupo de pacientes, a an?lise de associa??o mostrou predomin?ncia do alelo G em pacientes com micr?bios patog?nica em detrimento das pessoas com microbiota normal (Lactobacillus) (p = 0,04). N?o houve diferen?as significativas entre os grupos com diferentes graus de gengivite encontrados atrav?s da compara??o das distribui??es de gen?tipos e alelos de rs3761549 e rs2275913. Al?m disso, h? diferen?as significativas entre os rs3761549 e rs2275913 polimorfismo e os par?metros cl?nicos de GI e PI encontrados. Para os IL-17 e FOXP3 polimorfismos, nenhuma associa??o foi encontrada no GI e nas distribui??es de gen?tipos ou alelos diferentes. Conclus?o: As influ?ncias mais fortes sobre o grau de inflama??o gengival foram a quantidade de biofilme, a freq??ncia de escova??o, e idade. Al?m disso, os escores PSR foram bons indicadores para avaliar os resultados. Nenhuma evid?ncia foi encontrada em rela??o ? doen?a periodontal com par?metros sist?micos investigados. Os polimorfismos do FOXP3 n?o mostraram diferen?as entre os grupos em rela??o ? composi??o do ecossistema vaginal. Por sua vez, o polimorfismo de IL-17 mostrou uma associa??o entre os pacientes em compara??o com os controles, bem como entre os grupos de pacientes. O papel da IL-17 e seu polimorfismo no ecossistema vaginal ainda necessita ser investigado, mas este estudo mostra que o polimorfismo IL-17A, especialmente o alelo G e GG gen?tipo foi associado com piores condi??es de sa?de relacionamento ecossistema vaginal. Os polimorfismos de FOXP3 e IL17 n?o apresentaram diferen?as no diagn?stico da inflama??o gengival ou susceptibilidade e progn?stico na patog?nese. Mais estudos s?o necess?rios para caracterizar estes gens mais precisamente e entend?-los em mais detalhes, revelando o seu papel na fisiopatologia da gengivite e outras altera??es de mucosas.
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"Avaliação da Tolerabilidade, do Perfil Hormonal e dos Efeitos Endometrais Secundário à Administração Vaginal do Gel e de Allopregnanolona à Mulheres na Pós-Menopausa, em Uso de Estrogenioterapia: Estudo Fase 2". Tese, Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da USP, 2000. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/17/17145/tde-07112006-101502/.
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Салій, О. О. "Розробка складу, технології та дослідження супозиторіїв і гелю метронідазолу у поєднанні з мебетизолом для комплексної терапії вагінальних інфекцій". Thesis, 1999. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/11932.
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Дисертацію присвячено створенню оптимального складу і технології вагінальних супозиторіїв і гелю з метронідазолом і мебетизолом. Досліджені різні групи допоміжних речовин і способи виготовлення вказаних м’яких лікарських форм. Розроблені методики визначення метронідазолу у поєднанні з мебетизолом у супозиторіях, гелях, біологічних рідинах – сироватці крові, вагінальному секреті, слині. Вивчені нешкідливість, специфічна активність розроблених вагінальних супозиторіїв і гелю, а також їх стабільність і протимікробна активність у процесі зберігання. Складені і впроваджені в практику інформаційні листи і рацпропозиції на склад і виготовлення м’яких лікарських форм для комплексної терапії вагінальних інфекційних захворювань.Диссертация посвящена созданию оптимального состава и технологии вагинальных суппозиториев и геля с метронидазолом и мебетизолом. Изучены различные группы вспомогательных веществ и способы приготовления указанных мягких лекарственных форм. Биофармацевтическими исследованиями in vitro установлено значительное влияние полиэтиленоксидной основы с добавлением эмульгатора № 1 на интенсивность высвобождения метронидазола и мебетизола из вагинальных суппозиториев. Разработан оптимальный состав и способ приготовления вагинального геля с 1,5% содержанием метронидазола и мебетизола, который отвечает требованиям существующей нормативной документации на мази и обеспечивает равномерное высвобождение действующих веществ. На основании разработанных технологий составлены производственные схемы изготовления вагинальных суппозиториев “Трихозол” и вагинального геля “Метрозоль”. Разработаны методики количественного определения метронидазола в сочетании с мебетизолом в суппозиториях, гелях, биологических жидкостях – сыворотке крови, вагинальном секрете и слюне, которые характеризуются чувствительностью и простотой воспроизведения. Изучены реологические свойства вагинальных суппозиториев и геля с метронидазолом и мебетизолом. Структуры образованных тиксотропных систем характеризуются восстановленными коагуляционными связями, оптимальными структурно-механическими характеристиками, которые прогнозируют стабильность этих систем в условиях производства, хранения и применения. В результате микробиологических исследований установлена высокая противогрибковая, противопростацидная и антибактериальная активность разработанных суппозиториев и геля. Установлены условия и сроки хранения вагинальных лекарственных форм, которые обеспечивают стабильность органолептических, физико-химических и микробиологических свойств. Изучены безвредность и специфическая активность разработанных вагинальных суппозиториев и геля. Составлены и внедрены в практику информационные письма и рацпредложения по составу и приготовлению мягких лекарственных форм для комплексной терапии вагинальных инфекционных заболеваний.
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Lepler, Katrin Alena [Verfasser]. "Tension-free-vaginal-tape-obturator-System (TVT-O) : eine prospektive, urodynamische und klinische Verlaufsbeobachtung einer neuen Operationstechnik der weiblichen Harninkontinenz / vorgelegt von Katrin Alena Lepler, geb. Ruf". 2010. http://d-nb.info/1005165521/34.
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Heuser, Christiane [Verfasser]. "Ergebnisse und Komplikationen der primären Strahlentherapie des Uterusmalignoms : Tumor-Darstellung im vaginalen Ultraschall als Methode für die Therapieplanung der Afterloading-Strahlentherapie / vorgelegt von Christiane Heuser, geb. Nullmeier". 2003. http://d-nb.info/96894468X/34.
Texto completoLibros sobre el tema "Vaginal gel"
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Kurman, Robert J., Edward J. Wilkinson, Brigitte M. Ronnett y Mark E. Sherman. Tumors of the cervix, vagina, and vulva. Washington, DC: American Registry of Pathology in collaboration with the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, 2010.
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RICHTERS, Aria. Vaginal Tightening Gel: Helpful Hints on How to Tighten Your Vagina Walls. Independently Published, 2022.
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Juri Moran, Joulia Marianita, Paulina Elizabeth Durán Mora, Estefania Vanessa Arauz Andrade, Yessenia Isabel Sarchi Guayasamin, Alejandra Elizabeth Vasquez Fuel, Cesar Wladimir Reyes Padilla, Pamela Nathaly Pastrano Coronado, Lucia Paola Rodriguez Paz, Martha Elizabeth Aguilar Villagran y Oscar Andres Toapanta Proaño. Ginecología Obstetricia: Patologías durante el embarazo. Mawil Publicaciones de Ecuador, 2019, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26820/978-9942-826-07-7.
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En Medicina, el área de aplicación de Ginecología, la ciencia de la mujer condensa el estudio de las enfermedades frecuentes y graves, el diagnóstico, detección de los factores de riesgo y establecer mecanismos de prevención, prescribir los tratamientos médicos y quirúrgicos de las enfermedades del sis- tema reproductor femenino, entiéndase, todo lo relacionado con la vagina, las mamas, el útero y los ovarios. Durante el siglo XX, motivado por el crecimiento acelerado del conocimien- to científico y médico, se acrecienta la toma de conciencia del rol que le co- rresponde desempeñar a la medicina en el sector de la salud y la protección de la mujer embarazada. Los problemas del trato genital femenino cuando se asumen como responsabilidad de los ginecólogos, quienes incluyeron dentro del proceso de auscultación, diagnóstico y tratamiento aspectos fisiológicos y endocrinos. Las barreras de la formación académica se fueron difuminando y los ginecó- logos y obstetras comenzaron a estrechar su campo laboral y como resultante se constituyó la Ginecobstetricia. En el marco de estas reflexiones, surge la idea de la presentación de un tex- to titulado Ginecología – Obstetricia, mediante el cual se pretende hacer una contribución real a nivel teórico que permita apoyar a profesionales y estu- diantes en el área de salud humana, básicamente en algunas de las patologías o complicaciones médicas asociadas al embarazo, y tratadas por la especialidad obstétrica, así mismo, se abordan dos temas (1 y 2) de conocimiento general. Cabe indicar que el texto no pretende abordar la vasta información o literatura que sobre los temas se han tratado. El libro ha sido estructurado bajo el perfil de diez (10) temas que discurren estrictamente sobre contenidos específicos, a sa- ber: 1. El parto y sus fases, 2. Pruebas de Bienestar Fetal, 3. Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino, 4. Ruptura Prematura de Membranas, 5. Amenaza de aborto, 6. Desprendimiento de placenta, 7. Infecciones de vías urinarias en embarazadas, 8. Diabetes Gestacional, 9. Hipertension en las embarazadas y 10. Preeclamp- sia y eclampsia En el primer tema, el Parto y sus fases, se precisan diferentes nociones sobre 26 GINECOLOGIA - OBSTETRICIA el proceso y el resultado de parir (dar a luz). A lo largo de la historia ha evolu- cionado el conocimiento de este tema dando como resultado una terminología precisa sobre los diferentes tipos de parto: parto natural, parto normal, parto ins- trumental, parto pretérmino, parto humanizado, etc. Estas nociones obedecen a determinadas circunstancias específicas que lo circunscribe como el uso o no de instrumentos que ayuden al nacimiento de un feto. De manera general, el parto marca el final del embarazo y el nacimiento de la criatura que se engendraba en el útero de la madre. Este proceso por el que la mujer o la hembra de una especie vivípara expulsa el feto y la placenta al final de la gestación consta de tres fases: la fase de dilatación, la de expulsión y la placentaria o de alumbramiento. En el segundo tema titulado Pruebas de Bienestar Fetal, se destaca el desa- rrollo de diferentes pruebas para el control del bienestar fetal. Éstas constitu- yen las técnicas aplicadas a las madres que permiten predecir el posible riesgo fetal o hacer un pronóstico del estado actual del feto, es decir, que tratan de conseguir a través de una valoración del feto de forma sistemática, la identifi- cación de aquellos que están en peligro dentro del útero materno, para así to- mar las medidas apropiadas y prevenir un daño irreversible. Se abordan en este contexto las indicaciones y los métodos (clínicos, biofísicos y bioquímicos más utilizados para el control de bienestar fetal. En el tema tres (3) denominado Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino, el trabajo se centra, en el desarrollo de los siguientes ítems. La Definición de Parto Pretérmi- no, la Definición de amenaza de Parto Pretérmino, la Evaluación del riesgo, la etiología, la Clínica de la Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino, el Diagnóstico precoz de la Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino, la Evaluación de gestantes que acuden a emergencia por signos y síntomas de Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino y el trata- miento. El trabajo parte de la definición de Parto Pretérmino entendido como aquel que ocurre después de la semana 23 y antes de la semana 37 de gestación, para posteriormente, tratar lo relativo a la Amenaza de Parto Pretérmino (APP) definido como el proceso clínico sintomático (Aparición de dinámica uterina regular acompañado de modificaciones cervicales) que puede conducir a un parto pretérmino. Su etiología es compleja y multifactorial, en la que pueden intervenir de forma simultánea factores inflamatorios, isquémicos, inmunológi- cos, mecánicos y hormonales. 27 GINECOLOGIA - OBSTETRICIA Por otro parte, el tema cuatro (4) expone la Ruptura Prematura de Membra- nas, la cual constituye una complicación usual en la práctica obstétrica, esta puede aumentar la incidencia en la morbilidad y mortalidad materna – fetal. Múltiples estudios se están llevando a cabo para poder dilucidar completamente su fisiopatología, lo cual se hace cada vez más necesario para poder aplicar estos conceptos en la práctica clínica, la evidencia actual indica que la Ruptura Prematura de Membrana es un proceso que puede ser afectado por factores: bioquímicos, fisiológicos, patológicos y ambientales. El capítulo cinco (5) comprende la temática sobre la Amenaza de aborto. (AA) que es la complicación más común durante el embarazo, se define como el sangrado transvaginal antes de las 20 semanas de gestación (SDG) gestación o con un feto menor de 500g, con o sin contracciones uterinas, sin dilatación cervical y sin expulsión de productos de la concepción”. Es decir, se presenta hemorragia de origen intrauterino antes de la vigésima semana completa de ges- tación, con o sin contracciones uterinas, sin dilatación cervical y sin expulsión de los productos de la concepción. Los síntomas abarcan amenorrea secundaria, presencia de vitalidad fetal y cólica abdominales con o sin sangrado vaginal entre otros. Para el diagnóstico se puede hacer una ecografía abdominal o va- ginal, examen pélvico y de laboratorio. En un principio el tratamiento consiste en recomendar reposo en cama y reposo pélvico. La identificación de factores de riesgo, el Ultrasonido obstétrico y la medición de marcadores bioquímicos son de gran importancia para realizar un diagnóstico y establecer un pronóstico oportuno. Estos aspectos y otros relacionados con el tema como son: la clínica, el protocolo a seguir, el tratamiento y la prevención, son tratados en este capí- tulo. El tema Desprendimiento de placenta es desarrollado a lo largo del tema seis (6). Su contenido aborda los aspectos importes como los factores de riesgo, etiología, síntomas y signos, diagnóstico y tratamiento de esta complicación cuyo proceso se caracteriza por el desprendimiento total o parcial, antes del parto, de una placenta que esta insertada en su sitio normal. Este hecho que puede traer grandes consecuencias para el feto y para la madre, puede ocurrir en cualquier momento del embarazo. Los desprendimientos producidos antes de las 20 semanas, por su evolución, deberán ser tratados como abortos. Los que tienen lugar después de la semana 20 de gestación y antes del alumbramiento constituyen el cuadro conocido como desprendimiento prematuro de la placenta normalmente insertada. (abrptio plantae o accidente de Baudelocque). El pro- ceso ha tenido una variedad de denominaciones a lo largo del tiempo y son consecuencia de la diversidad de cuadros clínicos que pueden producirse, sien- do las más empleadas en la actualidad: abruptio placentae, ablatio placentae, desprendimiento prematuro de placenta normalmente inserta (DPPNI), junto con el término abreviado desprendimiento prematuro de placenta (DPP). Para hablar de otra importante complicación que aqueja a la gestante y su bebe por nacer se expone en el tema (7) relacionado con las Infecciones de vías urinarias en embarazadas. Los particulares cambios morfológicos y funcio- nales que se producen en el tracto urinario de la gestante hacen que la infec- ción del tracto urinario (ITU) sea la segunda patología médica más frecuente del embarazo, por detrás de la anemia. Las 3 entidades de mayor repercusión son: Bacteriuria asintomática (BA) (2-11%), cuya detección y tratamiento son fundamentales durante la gestación, pues se asocia a prematuridad, bajo peso y elevado riesgo de progresión a pielonefritis aguda (PA) y sepsis; la Cistitis aguda (CA) (1,5%) y la Pielonefritis aguda (1-2%), principal causa de ingreso no obstétrico en la gestante, que en el 10 al 20% de los casos supone alguna complicación grave que pone en riesgo la vida materna y la fetal. La Diabetes Gestacional se ubica y desarrolla en el tema ocho (8). Este tipo de diabetes que aparece o se diagnostica durante el embarazo ha aumentado su prevalencia y cobrado gran relevancia epidemiológica en los últimos años. La Diabetes Gestacional (DG) o Diabetes Mellitius Gestacional (DMG) se carac- teriza por una secreción de insulina insuficiente para compensar la resistencia a la hormona, propia del embarazo. Después del parto, los niveles de glucosa sanguínea suelen normalizarse; sin embargo, algunas mujeres desarrollan DM tipo 2 y se asocia con complicaciones graves en la madre y el hijo, incluso años después del nacimiento. La Hipertensión en las Embarazadas, tema tan tratado y controvertido en los últimos años por su significación a nivel de que es la complicación médica 29 GINECOLOGIA - OBSTETRICIA más frecuente de la gestación y ocurre según estudios comprobados en el 7% a 10% de los embarazos y constituye una causa importante de morbimortalidad materna y perinatal. De manera clásica, la HTA en el embarazo ha sido definida como el incremento, durante la gestación, de la presión arterial sistólica (PAS) en 30 mmHg o más y/o la presión arterial diastólica (PAD) en 15 mmHg o más comparado con el promedio de valores previos a la 20va. semana de gestación. Cuando no se conocen valores previos, una lectura de 140/90 mmHg o mayor es considerada como anormal. El tema desarrollado abarca una visión general sobre algunos aspectos relativos a la definición y su clasificación, los factores predisponentes, sintomatología, diagnóstico, tratamiento, etc. Por último, el tema 10 aborda dos alteraciones íntimamente ligadas a la hi- pertensión arterial en el embarazo: la preeclampsia y la eclampsia. Éstas son en ocasiones tratadas como componentes de un mismo síndrome ya que la pree- clampsia es la hipertensión de reciente comienzo con proteinuria después de las 20 semanas de gestación y la eclampsia es la presencia de convulsiones genera- lizadas inexplicables en pacientes con preeclampsia.
Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Vaginal gel"
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Vitali, Beatrice, Elena Biagi y Patrizia Brigidi. "Protocol for the Use of PCR-Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis and Quantitative PCR to Determine Vaginal Microflora Constitution and Pathogens in Bacterial Vaginosis". En Methods in Molecular Biology, 177–93. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-61779-937-2_11.
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Veiga, María-Dolores, Roberto Ruiz-Caro, Araceli Martín-Illana, Fernando Notario-Pérez y Raúl Cazorla-Luna. "Polymer Gels in Vaginal Drug Delivery Systems". En Polymer Gels, 197–246. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6083-0_8.
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"SupraVail Vaginal Gel". En Modified-Release Drug Delivery Technology, 815–24. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203910337-68.
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Leigh, Matthew. "SupraVail Vaginal Gel". En Drugs and the Pharmaceutical Sciences, 791–800. Informa Healthcare, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780203910337.ch65.
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"Metronidazole Vaginal Gel". En Hale’s Medications & Mothers’ Milk™ 2019. New York, NY: Springer Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/9780826150356.0680.
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Lee, Christine U. y James F. Glockner. "Case 10.3". En Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, editado por Christine U. Lee y James F. Glockner, 482. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0254.
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69-year-old woman with a vaginal lesion noted on physical examination Axial FSE T2-weighted images without (Figure 10.3.1) and with (Figure 10.3.2) fat suppression obtained following instillation of vaginal US gel demonstrate a uniformly hypointense lesion along the right lateral margin of the vagina. Axial postgadolinium 3D SPGR image (...
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Lee, Christine U. y James F. Glockner. "Case 10.5". En Mayo Clinic Body MRI Case Review, editado por Christine U. Lee y James F. Glockner, 486–87. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199915705.003.0256.
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81-year-old woman with abnormal Papanicoulaou smear Sagittal FSE T2-weighted images (Figure 10.5.1) obtained after instillation of vaginal US gel demonstrate a large, mildly heterogeneous, well-defined lesion in the anterior proximal vagina. Sagittal arterial phase postgadolinium 3D SPGR images (Figure 10.5.2) reveal moderate diffuse enhancement of the lesion. Axial 3D SPGR image obtained 7 minutes after contrast injection (...
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Sipe, Christopher y Anuja Dokras. "Vaginal Progesterone Gel Preparation in a Donor Oocyte Program". En Donor Egg IVF, 247. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp/books/10232_33.
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Sultana, Nazneen, Juber Akhtar, Badruddeen, Mohammad Irfan Khan, Usama Ahmad, Muhammad Arif, Mohammad Ahmad y Tanmay Upadhyay. "Nanoemulgel: For Promising Topical and Systemic Delivery". En Drug Development Life Cycle [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.103878.
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Nanoemulgel delivery system is a fusion of two different delivery systems, wherein the physical state of drug containing nanoemulsion is changed by adding it to the gel matrix, thus enabling more lipophilic drugs to be used in treatment therapies. It solves the major issues such as limiting use of lipophilic drugs, poor oral bioavailability, and unpredictable pharmacokinetic and absorption variations. Simultaneously, its nongreasy nature and easily spreading ability support the patient compliance. Nanoemulgel can be widely used in the treatment of acne, pimple, psoriasis, fungal infection, and inflammation cause by osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. The delivery of drug via ocular, vaginal, dental, and nose to brain routes for the treatment of diverse local and systemic ailments for instance alopecia, periodontitis, and Parkinson’s are possible. In the cosmetic industries, UV absorber nanoemulgel protected skin from sunburn.
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Boadiwaa Asante, Naana, Jude Anim y Raida Koray. "Barrier Methods of Contraception". En Obstetrics and Gynecology. IntechOpen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.111767.
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Barrier methods of contraception prevent the exchange of bodily fluids such as semen, vaginal and anal secretions, and blood between partners during intercourse. Thus, the primary function of these methods of contraception is pregnancy prevention. Some, such as internal and external condoms, provide protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) as well. Barrier methods of contraception include condoms (external and internal), diaphragm, cervical cap, contraceptive gel, spermicide, and contraceptive sponge. Since they are non-hormonal and have no systemic effects, these are alternatives for women who cannot use hormonal contraceptives due to certain medical conditions or medications prescribed. The efficacy of these methods of contraception is contingent on their correct and consistent use. This chapter aims to discuss the various barrier methods, their usage, mechanisms of action, advantages, and disadvantages as well as the comparison of some of these methods to one another.
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Vaginal gel"
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Estevez Tesouro, J., JL Delgado Marin, M. Palma Santisteban y C. Nieto Magro. "EP1101 Efffect of a non-hormonal mucoadhesive polycarbophilic vaginal gel on prevalent vaginal symptoms in women who develop vaginal atrophy". En ESGO Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-esgo.1143.
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Karri, Sunil y Sarah L. Kieweg. "Mathematical Simulation and Parametric Study of Flow of a Microbicidal Gel Between Elastic Boundaries". En ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53719.
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Topical microbicides, the next generation prevention tool for HIV and other sexually transmitted pathogens, hold great promise if the target vaginal or rectal epithelium is coated effectively. A microbicide consists of an active ingredient within a polymeric delivery vehicle (e.g. polymeric liquid or ‘gel’). Most research in the field of microbicides has been limited to the development of an active ingredient and many microbicidal trails have failed in the past. Thus, there is a need to design a delivery vehicle that optimizes the efficacy of a microbicidal agent. The effectiveness of the gel depends on the gel’s rheological properties as well as the vaginal tissue properties, vaginal geometry, and external forces like gravity. A good design must take these factors in to consideration and a better understanding of the gel’s flow behavior over the epithelium is important before proceeding with clinical trials.
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Talbi, Zouhair y Sarah L. Kieweg. "The Impact of Tissue Viscoelasticity on the Flow Dynamics of an Anti-HIV Microbicidal Gel: Numerical Simulations". En ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14116.
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Coating vaginal or rectal epithelium using microbicidal gels is a promising preventive procedure against HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). A microbicidal gel is deployed as a delivery vehicle of anti-HIV and other anti-STI agents and it is also used to act as barrier between the pathogens and the biological tissue. The efficacy of a microbicidal gel depends greatly on the extent of the spreading and the amount of the epithelial surfaces covered.
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Delgado Marín, JL, J. Estévez Tesouro, J. Suárez Almarza y C. Nieto Magro. "EP1098 Sexual health in women with vaginal atrophy. Results of a non-hormonal vaginal gel in women with severe dyspareunia". En ESGO Annual Meeting Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2019-esgo.1140.
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Hu, Bin y Sarah L. Kieweg. "Numerical Study of Epithelial Deformation During Vaginal Application of a Viscoelastic Gel Using a Fluid-Structure Interaction Model". En ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80783.
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This paper is one of the components of our research on how to optimize polymeric anti-HIV gels, microbicides [1]. Microbicides are delivered to the vaginal epithelium to protect it from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Microbicides may provide a physical barrier amplifying the normal vaginal defenses, as well as destroy the pathogens chemically or inhibit viral infection. Microbicides are a promising solution to provide a low-cost, female-controlled method for protection against HIV and other sexually transmitted pathogens.
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Bukenya, Yiga Godfrey. "P5.35 Acceptability of carraguard vaginal gel use among ugandan couples (virginal microbicide acceptability)". En STI and HIV World Congress Abstracts, July 9–12 2017, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053264.650.
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Hu, Bin y Sarah L. Kieweg. "The Effect of Surface Tension on the Epithelial Spreading of Non-Newtonian Drug Delivery Vehicles: Numerical Simulations". En ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-206565.
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This paper is one of the components of our research on how to optimize polymeric drug delivery vehicles. One of the applications is in the topical delivery of anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) gels called microbicides [1]. Microbicides are delivered to vaginal or rectal epithelium to protect it from HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Microbicides may provide a physical barrier amplifying the normal vaginal defense, as well as destroy the pathogens chemically or inhibit viral infection. The microbicide may consist of an anti-HIV active agent in some delivery vehicle, such as a gel, cream or foam. Microbicides are a promising solution to provide a low-cost, female-controlled method for protection against HIV and other sexually transmitted pathogens.
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Gonzalez, Elga Lopez, Maria Peña Salas y Maria Escribano Cabalea. "#229 Effect of a vaginal gel with coriolus versicolor on cervical lesions and HPV clearance". En ESGO 2023 Congress. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2023-esgo.724.
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Solbas, Silvia Garcia, Belén Lopez Cavanillas, Raquel Ramos Trivino, Ma Del Mar Rubio Arroyo y Laura Sánchez Rivadulla. "#941 Regression of HPV- derived VaIN using an adjuvant treatment with a coriolus versicolor-based vaginal gel". En ESGO 2023 Congress. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2023-esgo.715.
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Palacios, Santiago, Javier De Santiago y Javier Cortés. "957 Satisfaction and tolerability of a coriolus versicolor-based vaginal gel in the PALOMA & PAPILOBS studies". En ESGO 2024 Congress Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2024-esgo.864.
Texto completoInformes sobre el tema "Vaginal gel"
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Du, Junxiao, Lukuo Jin, Manman Nai, Yajing Shi y Yange Li. A systematic review and meta-analysis of intravaginal oxytocin gel for improving postmenopausal vaginal atrophy. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, junio de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2023.6.0006.
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McDonagh, Marian, Andrea C. Skelly, Amy Hermesch, Ellen Tilden, Erika D. Brodt, Tracy Dana, Shaun Ramirez et al. Cervical Ripening in the Outpatient Setting. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), marzo de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer238.
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Objectives. To assess the comparative effectiveness and potential harms of cervical ripening in the outpatient setting (vs. inpatient, vs. other outpatient intervention) and of fetal surveillance when a prostaglandin is used for cervical ripening. Data sources. Electronic databases (Ovid® MEDLINE®, Embase®, CINAHL®, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews) to July 2020; reference lists; and a Federal Register notice. Review methods. Using predefined criteria and dual review, we selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cohort studies of cervical ripening comparing prostaglandins and mechanical methods in outpatient versus inpatient settings; one outpatient method versus another (including placebo or expectant management); and different methods/protocols for fetal surveillance in cervical ripening using prostaglandins. When data from similar study designs, populations, and outcomes were available, random effects using profile likelihood meta-analyses were conducted. Inconsistency (using I2) and small sample size bias (publication bias, if ≥10 studies) were assessed. Strength of evidence (SOE) was assessed. All review methods followed Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center methods guidance. Results. We included 30 RCTs and 10 cohort studies (73% fair quality) involving 9,618 women. The evidence is most applicable to women aged 25 to 30 years with singleton, vertex presentation and low-risk pregnancies. No studies on fetal surveillance were found. The frequency of cesarean delivery (2 RCTs, 4 cohort studies) or suspected neonatal sepsis (2 RCTs) was not significantly different using outpatient versus inpatient dinoprostone for cervical ripening (SOE: low). In comparisons of outpatient versus inpatient single-balloon catheters (3 RCTs, 2 cohort studies), differences between groups on cesarean delivery, birth trauma (e.g., cephalohematoma), and uterine infection were small and not statistically significant (SOE: low), and while shoulder dystocia occurred less frequently in the outpatient group (1 RCT; 3% vs. 11%), the difference was not statistically significant (SOE: low). In comparing outpatient catheters and inpatient dinoprostone (1 double-balloon and 1 single-balloon RCT), the difference between groups for both cesarean delivery and postpartum hemorrhage was small and not statistically significant (SOE: low). Evidence on other outcomes in these comparisons and for misoprostol, double-balloon catheters, and hygroscopic dilators was insufficient to draw conclusions. In head to head comparisons in the outpatient setting, the frequency of cesarean delivery was not significantly different between 2.5 mg and 5 mg dinoprostone gel, or latex and silicone single-balloon catheters (1 RCT each, SOE: low). Differences between prostaglandins and placebo for cervical ripening were small and not significantly different for cesarean delivery (12 RCTs), shoulder dystocia (3 RCTs), or uterine infection (7 RCTs) (SOE: low). These findings did not change according to the specific prostaglandin, route of administration, study quality, or gestational age. Small, nonsignificant differences in the frequency of cesarean delivery (6 RCTs) and uterine infection (3 RCTs) were also found between dinoprostone and either membrane sweeping or expectant management (SOE: low). These findings did not change according to the specific prostaglandin or study quality. Evidence on other comparisons (e.g., single-balloon catheter vs. dinoprostone) or other outcomes was insufficient. For all comparisons, there was insufficient evidence on other important outcomes such as perinatal mortality and time from admission to vaginal birth. Limitations of the evidence include the quantity, quality, and sample sizes of trials for specific interventions, particularly rare harm outcomes. Conclusions. In women with low-risk pregnancies, the risk of cesarean delivery and fetal, neonatal, or maternal harms using either dinoprostone or single-balloon catheters was not significantly different for cervical ripening in the outpatient versus inpatient setting, and similar when compared with placebo, expectant management, or membrane sweeping in the outpatient setting. This evidence is low strength, and future studies are needed to confirm these findings.