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1
Watrin, Clifford G. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Alfalfa Insect Control in Minnesota, 1986". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 12, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1987): 177–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/12.1.177a.
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Abstract The study was conducted at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN, on 1st regrowth 3rd year alfalfa. Treatments were 26 × 52 ft and replicated 3 times in a randomized design. Spray treatments were applied 21 May with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer at 37.5 gal water/acre at 200 psi. Insects were sampled 7 and 14 days posttreatment by taking 20 sweeps per plot with a 15 inch dia sweep net. All pyrethroids were highly effective.
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Krueger, Craig A. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Alfalfa Insect Control, Minnesota, 1985". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1986): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.213.
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Abstract The study was conducted at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN, on 2nd regrowth 2nd year alfalfa. Treatments were 52 ft × 52 ft and replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design. Sprays were applied Aug 14 with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer delivering 18 gal of water/acre at 200 psi. Plant height at spray application vas 8-10 inches. Insects were sampled 1, 3, 7, and 21 days posttreatment by taking 20 sweeps per plot with a 15-inch diam sweep net. Insects were not sampled 14 days posttreatment due to wet weather.
3
Chen, Chien-chung y Edward B. RadclifFe. "Control of Alfalfa Weevil Larvae in Minnesota, 1987". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1988): 176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.176.
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Abstract The study was conducted at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station in Rosemount on 1st regrowth, 3rd-year alfalfa. Treatments were 22 × 50 ft and replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design. Spray treatments were applied 23 May with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer delivering 37.5 gal water/acre at 200 psi. Insects were sampled 3 and 7 days posttreatment by taking 20 sweeps/plot with a 38-cm-diam sweep net.
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Stucker, David S. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Alfalfa Insect Control, Minnesota, 1985". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1986): 219–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.219.
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Abstract The study was conducted at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN, on 1st regrowth 2nd year alfalfa. Treatments were 26 × 26 ft and replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design. Spray treatments were applied on 29 May with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer in 36 gal water/acre at 200 psi. Plant height at spray application was 23-26 inches. Insects were sampled 1, 4, 7, 14, and 21 days posttreatment by taking 10 sweeps per plot with a 15-inch diam sweep net. One day posttreatment, 1.5 inch of rain fell and there was marble-sized hail resulting in broken alfalfa stems and lodging; an additional 0.5 inch of rain 3 days posttreatment.
5
Hutchison, W. D. y J. J. Lee. "Alfalfa Insect Control—2nd Crop, 1989". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.163.
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Abstract This test was conducted in a 2-yr-old alfalfa stand on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station at Rosemount. Plots measuring 40 by 35 ft were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied 15 Jul with a tractor-drawn 22-ft boom sprayer delivering 23 gal/acre at 40 psi. At the time of application, between 0900-1200 h, temperature averaged 78°F and windspeed <5 mph.
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Watrin, Clifford G. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Control of Potato Leafhopper Nymphs with Foliar Insecticides, 1986". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 12, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1987): 150–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/12.1.150.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 24 May, at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount MN. Plots were 40 ft long, with 40 inch row spacing, randomized in complete blocks with 3 replications. Insect numbers were estimated by counting nymphs on the underside of 30 leaves per plot. Foliar sprays were applied using a C02 powered hand-sprayer delivering 36 gal of water/acre at 35 psi. Treatments were applied 27 Jul, and evaluations were made 7 days posttreatment.
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Hutchison, W. D., D. W. Bartels y J. H. Rinkleff. "Alfalfa Insect Control—2Nd Crop, 1990". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 175. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.175.
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Abstract This test was conducted in a 3-yr-old alfalfa stand located on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station at Rosemount. Plots measuring 25 × 40 ft were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied 6 Jul with a tractor-drawn 25-ft boom sprayer delivering 19 gal/acre at 40 psi. Treatments were applied between 1100-1300 h; wind speed was <5 mph and temperature averaged 80°F
8
Bartels, D. W., W. D. Hutchison y P. C. Bolin. "Insecticidal and Microbial Control of Lepidopteran Larvae in Minnesota Cabbage, 1992". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1993): 90–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.90a.
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Abstract This study was carried out at the University of Minnesota, Agricultural Experiment Station, at Rosemount in cabbage transplanted 11 Jun. Treatments were replicated 4 times and arranged in a randomized complete block design. Each replicate consisted of 2 rows on 91.4 cm (36 inch) centers, measuring 9.14 m (30 ft) in length. All plots were separated by 2.14 m (7 ft) alleys on either side and by 10 ft alleys at each end. All treatments were applied using a Spirit, high-clearance sprayer, with 5 hollow-cone nozzles (TX-10) overlapping the 2 rows, and delivering 27 gal/acre at 45 psi.
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Watrin, Clifford G. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Control of Potato Leafhopper Nymphs with Foliar Insecticides, 1985". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1986): 184–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.184.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 24 May, at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount MN. Treatments were 20 ft long, with 40-inch row spacing, randomized in complete blocks with 3 replications. Insect numbers were estimated by counting nymphs on the underside of 35 leaves per plot. Foliar sprays were applied using a CO2 powered hand-sprayer delivering 36 gal of water/acre at 35 psi. Treatments were applied 22 Jul and 30 Jul. Percent control was calculated by comparison of treatment counts to those for the untreated control.
10
Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz, Edward B. Radcliffe y Grant Terlemezian. "Wireworm Control on Potato, 1989". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.131.
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Abstract Certified B-size potatoes were planted 23 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN. Treatments were 2 rows wide and 100 ft long with 40-inch row spacing. Treatments were randomized in complete blocks with 4 replications. Granular insecticides were applied in furrow with a planter-mounted granular applicator. A non-insecticidal check was planted between every 2 insecticidal treatments. The plots were not sprayed with any foliar insecticide. On 18 Sep, potatoes were harvested, counted and scored for wireworm injury. Control for each treatment was calculated as percent reduction in wireworm damage relative to the adjacent untreated control.
11
Chen, Chien-Chung, E. B. Radcliffe y W. D. Hutchison. "Alfalfa Weevil Control, 1989". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.157a.
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Abstract This test was conducted on 2-yr-old alfalfa stand at the University of Minnesota Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station. Plots measuring 22 by 75 ft were replicated 3 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied 27 May with a tractor-drawn 22 ft boom sprayer delivering 23 gal/acre at 40 psi. Insects were sampled at 4, 9, and 16 DAT by taking 40 pendulum sweeps/plot with a 38- cm-diam sweep net. All treatments were applied between 0900-1200 hrs with temperature averaging 60°F and a windspeed <5 mph. Pretreatment AW counts on 27 May averaged 121 larvae/40 sweeps.
12
Hutchison, W. D., J. J. Lee y D. W. Bartels. "Late-Season Insect Control on Sweet Corn in Minnesota, 1989". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.106a.
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Abstract This test was conducted on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station at Rosemount in corn planted 18 Jun. Two-row plots were 25 ft long with one untreated border row between each plot and 4 ft borders at the end of each plot. Treatments were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. A backpack CO2 sprayer with one flat fan (LF-3-80, 50-mesh) nozzle/row, delivering 20 gal/acre at 40 psi, was used to treat each row of the plots from tassel to ear. First fresh silks were observed 17 Aug and treatments were applied 21, 28 Aug and 5 Sep. Plots were artificially infested with about 21 neonate ECB larvae/plant on 24 Aug. All plots were hand harvested and evaluated 9 Sep by randomly selecting 15 ears/row (30/plot), husking the ears and checking for ECB and CEW larvae.
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Hutchison, W. D. y J. J. Lee. "Alfalfa Insect Control—3rd Crop, 1989". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 162. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.162.
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Abstract This test was conducted in spring-seeded alfalfa that had not been previously harvested on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, St. Paul. Plots measuring 32 by 40 ft were replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Treatments were applied 11 Aug with a backpack CO2 sprayer with 4 flat fan (LF-3-80, 50-mesh) nozzles mounted on a 4.75 ft boom, delivering 20 gal/acre at 35 psi. Avg ambient temperature was 82°F and windspeed was <5 mph at the time of application. All treatments were evaluated at 4, 7 and 14 DAT by taking 10 sweeps/plot with a 15-inch-diam sweep net.
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Ragsdale, David W. y Dwi P. Setiawan. "Aster Leafhopper Control in Carrot, 1984". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1985): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.85a.
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Abstract Four insecticides were evaluated for their ability to control the aster leafhopper. The plots were evaluated for 2 wk posttreatment to determine the residual activity of the insecticides. The trial was conducted at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN. Each plot had six 20-ft rows (24-inch centers) and treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block with 3 replicates. Individual plots were separated from others by 10 ft of bare ground on all sides to minimize interplot movement of adult leafhoppers. A single application on 31 Aug was applied using a CO2 powered backpack sprayer at 40 psi (57.5 gal/acre). Samples were taken with a 15-inch diam sweep net taking 25 sweeps per plot.
15
Chen, Chien-Chung y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Alfalfa Weevil Control, 1988". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1989): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.169a.
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Abstract An insecticide efficacy trial was conducted on a 3-yr-old alfalfa stand at the University of Minnesota Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station. Treatments were 22 by 50 ft and replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Spray treatments were applied 23 May with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer delivering 37.5 gal/acre at 120 psi. Insects were sampled at 3, 7, and 14 DAT by taking 40 sweeps/plot with a 38-cm-diam sweep net. All treatments gave better than 76% control at 3 DAT, but the low rate of Lorsban gave only 55% control at 7 DAT. All treatments except Lorsban still gave better than 96% control at 14 DAT. No phytoxicity was observed with any treatment.
16
Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Wireworm Control on Potato, 1987". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1988): 152–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.152.
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Abstract Certified B-size potatoes were planted 19 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. The field, a Waukegan silt loam, had been in alfalfa the previous 3 yr. Treatments were 2 rows, 110 ft long with 40-inch row spacing. Treatments were randomized in complete blocks with 6 replications. Granular insecticides were applied in furrow with a planter-mounted granular applicator. An untreated check was planted between every 2 insecticidal treatments. The plots were sprayed once, on 26 Aug, with Pydrin 2.4EC + Butacide 8E at 0.1 + 0.25 lb (AI)/acre to control Colorado potato beetle and potato leafhopper. On 28 Sept, potatoes were harvested, counted, and scored for wireworm injury. Control for each treatment was calculated as percent reduction in wireworm damage relative to the adjacent untreated control.
17
Hutchison, William D. y David W. Bartels. "Microbial and Insecticidal Control of Late-Season Insect Pests of Minnesota Sweet Corn, 1990". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 16, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1991): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/16.1.75a.
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Abstract This test was conducted on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station at Rosemount in corn planted 14 Jun. Two-row plots, 30 ft long, and separated by one skip-row and 4 ft borders at the end of each plot, were arranged in a randomized complete block design. A backpack CO2 sprayer with one flat-fan (LF-3) nozzle/row, delivering 27 gal/acre at 40 psi, was used to treat the ear zone of each row. First fresh silks were observed 15 Aug and treatments were applied 22, 29 Aug and 5 Sep. Plots were artificially infested with about 20 neonate ECB larvae/plant on 27 Aug. A very heavy natural infestation of CEW also developed. All plots were evaluated 10 Sep by randomly selecting 25 ears/plot (100/treatment), husking the ears and recording total ECB and CEW larvae, larval size and location of feeding damage.
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Hutchinson, W. D., D. W. Bartels, J. H. Rinkleff, P. C. Bolin y C. D. Campbell. "Insecticidal and Microbial Control of Late-Season Insect Pests of Minnesota Sweet Corn, 1991". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.105.
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Abstract This test was conducted on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station at Rosemount in corn planted 13 Jun. Two-row plots, 30 ft long with 4 ft alleys, and separated by one skip-row, were arranged in a randomized complete block design. A backpack COa sprayer with two hollow-cone (TX-10) nozzles/row, delivering 25 gal/acre at 33 psi, was used to treat the ear zone of each row. A 5-7 day spray schedule was maintained with the first spray initiated at 20% silk. Treatments were applied 18, 23, 30 Aug, and 6 Sep. Plots were artificially infested with about 25 neonate ECB larvae/ear on 27 Aug. A large natural infestation of CEW also developed. Treatments were evaluated 12 Sep by randomly selecting 25 ears/plot (100/treatment) and recording total ECB and CEW larvae, larval size and location, and feeding damage.
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Bartels, D. W., W. D. Hutchinson, B. R. Fontaine y P. C. Bolin. "Evaluation of Microbial and Insecticide Combinations for the Control of Cabbage Pests in Minnesota, 1991". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.81.
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Abstract This test was conducted on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station at Rosemount in cabbage transplanted on 14 Jun. Plots were two rows on 36" centers, 40 ft long, and separated by 7 ft alleys on the sides and 10 ft alleys at the ends. They were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 4 replications. A Spirit sprayer with 5 hollow-cone (TX-10) nozzles/2 rows, delivering 27 gal/acre at 45 psi, was used to treat each plot. Two plots (MVP & Ambush early) received 5 sprays while the remaining plots received only 4. Treatments were applied 27 Jun (MVP & Ambush early plots only), 17, 24, 31 Jul, and 14 Aug. Evaluations of larval numbers, aphids, and beneficials were made on 13 Aug by randomly selecting 5 heads/plot. Damage and marketability ratings were made on 29 Aug by randomly harvesting 5 heads/plot.
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Watrin, Clifford G. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Control of European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1986". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 12, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1987): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/12.1.122.
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Abstract Sweet corn was planted 2 Jun at the University of Minnesota, Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount MN. Treatments were 1 row, 50 ft long, replicated 3 times, in a randomized block design. Plants were spaced at 7-8 inch intervals within rows 30 inches apart. Twenty-five first instar European corn borer larvae were placed in the silks of all ears 5 Aug. Experimental treatments were separated by 1 row of corn, untreated and not artificially infested with ECB. Insecticidal treatments were applied 2 times, 4 and 12 Aug. Foliar sprays were applied using a C02 powered hand sprayer delivering 36 gal of water/acre at 35 psi. Granular treatments were hand applied using a “shaker” in a 12 inch band over the silks. Evaluations were made 20 Aug by scoring 35 randomly selected ears per plot for presence of ECB damage to the ear.
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Suranyi, Robert A., Craig A. Longtine, David W. Ragsdale y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Control of Potato Leafhopper on Potatoes Using Reduced Ratesl of Insecticides, 1997". Arthropod Management Tests 23, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1998): 137. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/23.1.137.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 19 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN. Plant spacing was 36 inches between rows and 12 inches between plants within rows. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design with 3 replications. Plots were 8 rows wide by 40 ft long, separated by 12 ft of al-falfa borders on all sides to enhance PLH population. Thirty-five midplant leaves were sampled from the center four rows of each plot. Pre-treatment counts and treatment applications were made 29 Jul. All treatments were applied with a tractor-mounted Brittonya boom sprayer delivering 45 gpa at 90 psi with 3 nozzles per row. Post-treatment counts of PLH nymphs were made 30 Jul, 24 hours after treatment. Early and late blight were controlled by eight applications of chlorothalonil. Analyses of variance were calculated following transformation of the data using logl0(x).
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Radcliffe, Edward B., Clifford G. Watrin y Abdelaziz Lagnaoui. "Wireworm Control on Potato, 1986". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 13, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1988): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/13.1.161.
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Abstract Certified B-size potatoes were planted 29 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. The field, a Waukegan silt loam, had been in alfalfa the previous 3 yr. Treatments were 2 rows, 80 ft long, with 40-inch row spacing. Treatments were randomized in complete blocks with 5 replications. Granular insecticides were applied in-furrow using a planter-mounted granular applicator. For the treatment with 2 insecticides used in combination, 1 insecticide was applied with the planter empty of seed and the other was applied when planting. Every third plot was an untreated control. Once during the season, on 8 Aug, the entire experimental block was sprayed with Pydrin 2.4E, at 0.05 lb (AI)/ acre, to control potato leafhopper. Two rows were harvested from each plot 2 Oct. The potatoes were washed, counted, and scored for wireworm injury. Data for untreated control plots were pooled within replications. Control was calculated relative to the untreated plots.
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Watrin, Clifford G. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Control of European Corn Borer on Sweet Corn, 1985". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1986): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.138a.
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Abstract Sweet corn was planted 15 Jun at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount MN. Treatments were 1 row, 50 ft long, replicated 5 times in a randomized complete block design. Plants were spaced at 7 to 8-inch intervals within rows, 30 inches apart. Twenty-five first ins tar ECB were placed on the silks of all ears in all treatments on 13 Aug. Experimental treatments were separated by 1 row of corn, untreated and not artificially infested with ECB. Insecticidal sprays were applied 3 times, 12, 21, and 27 Aug, to the silk area of the ears. Foliar treatments were applied using a CO2 powered hand-sprayer delivering 36 gal of water/acre at 35 psi. Granular treatments were hand applied by “shaker” in a 12-inch band over the silks. Evaluations were made 16 Sep by scoring 25 randomly selected ears per plot for presence of live ECB larvae or ECB damage to the ear.
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Ragsdale, David W. y Dwi P. Setiawan. "Aster Leafhopper and Aster Yellows Control in Carrot, 1984". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1985): 86–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.86.
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Abstract Three insecticides were evaluated to determine their effects on the aster leafhopper and its transmission to aster yellows (mycoplasma-like organism) to carrots. The trial was conducted at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN. Each plot had eight 20-ft rows (12-inch centers), and treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block with 4 replicates. Both sides of each plot were bordered by 2 rows of lettuce, Lactuca sativa L., ‘Great Lakes’ which remained unsprayed and served as a source of aster leafhopper and aster yellows. Individual plots were separated from others by 10 ft of bare ground on all sides to minimize interplot movement of the aster leafhopper. Treatments were applied using a CO2 powered backpack sprayer at 40 psi (57.5 gal/acre). Application dates were 18, 24, 31 Jul and 16 Aug. Sweep samples were taken with a 15-inch diam sweep net taking 25 sweeps per plot.
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Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz, Edward B. Radcliffe y Grant Terlemezian. "Foliar Sprays for Control of Colorado Potato Beetle on Potato, 1989". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.131a.
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Abstract Certified B-size potatoes were planted 18 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. Experimental plots were 8 rows wide and 50 ft long with 40-inch row spacing. Treatments consisted of different sequences of insecticide application randomized in complete blocks with 4 replications. Insecticidal sprays were applied 28 Jun, 8 Jul and 15 Jul against first generation CPB larvae and 30 Jul, 7 Aug, and 14 Aug against second generation CPB larvae. Sprays were applied using a tractor-drawn boom sprayer with 3 drop nozzles/row delivering 100 gal of water/acre. Posttreatment counts were taken 48 h after spray application. Evaluations consisted of direct counts of CPB larvae on 10 randomly selected plants from the 3 middle rows of each plot. Plots were also sampled for potato leafhopper nymphs and green peach aphid by counting 35 mid-plant leaves from each plot. Defoliation ratings were taken on 17 Jul, 9 and 16 Aug. Two way analysis of variance was used to test treatment means for significant differences in insect densities, percent defoliation and yield.
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Watrin, Clifford G. y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Wireworm Control on Potatoes, 1985". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 11, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1986): 185–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/11.1.185.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 30-31 May, at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount MN. The field had been in alfalfa the previous 3 years. The soil type is a Waukegan silt loam. Treatments were 2 rows, 100 ft long, with 40-inch row spacing, randomized in complete blocks with 6 replications. Granular insecticides were applied in-furrow with a planter inounted granular applicator. For treatments in which 2 insecticides were used in combination, 1 was applied with the planter empty of seed, and the second applied when planting. Every third plot was an untreated control. Twice during the season, 16 Jul and 8 Aug, the experimental block was sprayed with Pydrin, 2.4E, at 0.05 lb (AI)/acre, to control potato leafhopper. One row was harvested from each plot on 19 Oct. The potatoes were washed, counted, and scored for wireworm injury. Control for each treated plot was calculated as a % reduction in wireworm damage relative to the combined means of the untreated controls in the same replication.
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Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Wireworm Control on Potato, 1988:". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1989): 143–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.143.
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Abstract Certified B-size potatoes were planted 23 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. The field, a Waukegan silt loam, had been in alfalfa the previous 3 yr. Treatments were 2 rows, 120 ft long, with 40-inch row spacing. Treatments were randomized in complete blocks with 5 replications. Granular insecticides were applied in furrow with a planter-mounted granular applicator. An untreated control was planted between every 2 insecticidal treatments. The plots were not sprayed with any foliar insecticide. On 1 Oct potatoes were harvested, counted, and scored for wireworm injury. Control for each treatment was calculated as the percentage of reduction in wireworm damage relative to the adjacent untreated control. The granular insecticides also were evaluated for nontarget species on 27 Jun, 6 Jul, 18 Jul, 28 Jul, 5 Aug, 11 Aug, and 23 Aug. Plots were sampled for PLH and PFB by counting 35 mid-plant leaves. CPB larvae were counted by instar on 20 randomly selected plants in each plot.
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Hutchison, W. D., D. W. Bartels y J. H. Rinkleff. "Timing of Late-Season Permethrin Applications for Corn Earworm Control in Sweet Corn, 1991". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.104.
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Abstract This test was conducted on the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station at Rosemount in corn planted 10 Jul. One-row plots, 25 ft long with 3-ft alleys, and separated by one skip-row, were arranged in a randomized complete block design. A backpack CO2 sprayer with two hollow-cone (TX-10) nozzles/row, delivering 25 gal/acre at 33 psi, was used to treat the ear zone of each row. Spray dates for all treatments were as follows; 3-day 6, 9, 12 & 16 Sep; 5-day 6, 11 & 16 Sep; 7-day 6 & 13 Sep; and the late 3-day 9, 12 & 16 Sep. On 5 Sep, the corn was at 45% silk with a very heavy pretreatment infestation of 6.05 eggs/ear. All plots were evaluated 23 Sep by husking the ears and recording total CEW larvae, larval instar, and location of feeding damage. All available ears in a treatment were examined. Because of a poor stand, the number of ears evaluated ranged from 11 to 26 with an average of 20 ears/plot.
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Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Soil Systemics Applied at Planting and Emergence, 1988:". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 14, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1989): 149–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/14.1.149.
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Abstract Certified B-size potatoes were planted 21 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. The field, a Waukegan silt loam, had been in soybeans the previous year. Treatments were 2 rows, 40 ft long with 40-inch row spacing. Treatments were randomized in complete blocks with 4 replications. Granular insecticides were applied at planting in furrow with a planter-mounted granular applicator and at emergence over the rows on 2 Jul and sidedressed on 23 Jul. An additional treatment consisted of 3 foliar sprays of Pydrin at 0.1 lb/acre on 16 Jul, 15 Aug, and 30 Aug. Plots were evaluated by counting CPB larvae by instar on 10 randomly selected plants in each plot on 7 Jul, 28 Jul, 11 Aug, 18 Aug, 23 Aug, 31 Aug, and 9 Sep. Plots were also evaluated for PLH by sampling 35 mid-plant leaves in each plot. Temik and Thimet plots were not sprayed with any foliar insecticide. On 15 Oct potatoes were harvested and sorted by grade. Two-way ANOVA was used to test for treatment differences in PLH and CPB densities.
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Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz, Edward B. Radcliffe, John R. Vaadeland y Andrew E. Watland. "Evaluation of a Biological and a Botanical Insecticide for Colorado Potato Beetle Control, Rosemount, 1990". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 16, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1991): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/16.1.93.
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Abstract Natural product insecticides used in this experiment were B. thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (BK-102) and azadirachtin (RH 0000 and RH 9999) from the neem tree, Azadirachta indica. Es-fenvalerate (Asana XL) was used as a conventional insecticide. Certified B-size seed potatoes were planted 23 May at the Plant Pathology Farm, Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota. Plots were 1 row wide, 7.6 m (25 ft) long, with 102 cm (40 in) spacing between rows and 30 cm (12 in) between plants. A completely randomized plot design with 4 replications was used. Potatoes were scouted daily for CPB egg masses beginning 18 Jul. When egg masses were found these were flagged and checked daily for hatch. Timing of first spray application was based on egg hatch. Two basic spray schedules were used: first application at 30% hatch of flagged egg masses and subsequent applications on a 7 d schedule, or first application at 30% hatch of all eggs (unflagged) laid on or before that sampling date and subsequent applications on a 7 d schedule. Plots were sprayed 1-4 times for second generation of CPB larvae. Spray dates were: 20 Jul (30% hatch of flagged eggs—2nd generation), 25 Jul (30% total hatch—2nd generation), 27 Jul, 1, 3, 8, 10 and 15 Aug. Insecticidal sprays were applied in 935 liters water/ha with a CO2-powered handsprayer. CPB larvae were counted on 20 whole plants per plot on 1, 8, 15, and 22 Aug. Two way analysis of variance was used to test for differences in CPB densities.
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Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz y Edward B. RadclifFe. "Colorado Potato Beetle Control with Natural Product Insecticides, 1990". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.127.
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Abstract Certified B-size seed potatoes were planted 15 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Crookston. Plots were 4 rows wide, 15.3 m (50 ft) long, with 91 cm (3 ft) spacing between rows and 30 cm (1 ft) spacing between plants. A completely randomized plot design with 3 replications was used. Plots were scouted daily for CPB egg masses beginning 20 Jun. When egg masses were found, they were flagged and checked daily for hatch. Timing of first spray application was at 30% hatch and subequent applications on a 7 d schedule. Plots were sprayed 3 times for each generation of CPB larvae: 28 Jun, 5 and 12 Jul for first generation and 25 Jul, 2, and 9 Aug for 2nd generation. Natural product insecticides used in this experiment were Bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego (MYX 1806), and B. thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (Trident) and neem (Margosan-O). Insecticidal sprays were applied using a tractor-mounted boom sprayer, with a single hollow cone nozzle over each row. Sprays were applied in 654 liters of water per ha (70 gal/acre) at 827 kPA (120 psi). Data were collected from the center 2 rows. Larvae were counted on 20 plants per plot. Data were expressed as mean number of larvae or plant injury (percent defoliation) × number of days elapsed, i.e., Area Under the Curve (AUC). AUC for CPB was computed separately for the first and second generation then summed. Two-way analysis of variance was used to test for treatment differences.
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Journey, A. M. y K. R. Ostlie. "Biological Control of the Western Corn Rootworm Using An Entomoparasitic Nematode, 1991". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 197. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.197.
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Abstract Efficacy of Steinernema carpocapsae, All strain as a biological control agent for WCR was evaluated on a Waukegan silt loam soil at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. Experimental plots, consisting of 30 plants in 3 rows (76 cm row spacing) of 10, were laid out in a completely random design on 28 Jun, and infested with WCR eggs at 600 eggs/30.5 cm of row using the method of Branson and Sutter (1980). Most of the corn (planted 10 Jun) had then reached the 3 or 4-leaf stage. On 17 Jul, nematodes (BioVector° were applied. Approximately 11 ml of S. carpocapsae suspended in 0.15% agar were applied around the base of each treated plant with a 35 ml syringe. Control plants received agar only. Six replicates of 4 nematode rates and an agar control were used; although applied per-plant, rates are expressed as nematodes/30.5 cm of row. All plots were watered after treatment until the top 5 cm of soil appeared uniformly moist. Three WCR emergence cages were placed in each plot on 24 Jul, each covering 2 plants. Beetle traps were monitored weekly from 31 Jul through 23 Sep. On 17 Sep, 10 roots from each plot were dug, washed, and rated using the Iowa 1-6 root injury scale (with half-point increments of greater sensitivity).
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Suranyi, Robert A., Edward B. Radcliffe y Patricia Cordova. "Control Of Green Peach Aphid On Potato, 1995". Arthropod Management Tests 21, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1996): 172. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/21.1.172.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 15 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, MN. Plots were 1 row, 25 ft long, and separated from other plots by 6 ft of fallow. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. Treatments for GPA control were applied on 9 Aug, except for Admire 2F which was applied in-furrow at planting prior to closing the seed bed. All spray applications for GPA were made using a CO2 pressurized sprayer fitted with a Teejet 8003-E flat fan nozzle, delivering 60 gal/acre at 35 psi. Late blight control was achieved by 5 spray applications of Bravo 500 (1 pt/acre) on 28 Jun; 7, 13 and 29 July; and 8 Aug, and 3 applications of Ridomil/Bravo 81WP (1 lb/acre) on 20 Jul; 2 and 18 Aug. One application of Novodor (3 qts/acre) was targeted against Colorado potato beetle (CPB) at 30% egg hatch on 17 June. Asana 0.66XL (9.6 fl oz/acre) applications were applied on 22 and 28 June; 12 and 29 Jul to enhance GPA populations for the purpose of this test. Asana treatments also controlled CPB and potato leafhopper. Samples of 10 lower leaves were taken from the center plants in each plot and GPA were counted. GPA counts were made on 10, 17, and 24 Aug; 1, 7 and 14 DAT respectively.
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Anderson, Neil O. "A Century of Seminars: Celebrating the Centennial of Knowledge Transfer in Horticultural Science at the University of Minnesota". HortScience 57, n.º 8 (agosto de 2022): 935–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci16592-22.
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The advent of horticulture, backed by research, teaching, and extension in the State of Minnesota during the 1800s, had long-term ramifications for initiating opportunities for the newly formed University of Minnesota, the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Minnesota State Horticultural Society—all of which worked closely together. The founding of the horticulture department in 1888, then known as the Division of Horticulture and Forestry, provided long-term commitment to address the needs of the horticulture field. The integration of female students in 1897 provided inclusivity of gender perspectives in horticulture and enabled essential services during World War I (WWI), when male students, faculty, and administrators were drafted into military service. After the sudden death of Dr. Samuel Green, the first Department Head, in 1910, Dr. LeRoy Cady (who served as an Acting Department Head) instituted a novel idea at the time of having weekly departmental seminars. These formally commenced on 13 Jan. 1913, with the first seminar entitled “Organization of the Seminar.” A survey across the country of horticulture or plant science-based departments revealed its uniqueness as being the oldest seminar series in the country and, undoubtedly, the world. An early seminar tradition included taste-testing of fruit. Early seminars were conducted in the department office of the newly built Horticulture Building (opened in 1899). This idea of the seminar format—as a valuable mechanism of exchanging ideas and increasing department associations—was spread by faculty and Dr. Cady at national and regional meetings of the American Society for Horticultural Science. The seminar concept stretched across the country to other universities and colleges with horticulture programs to make such a forum commonplace to convey research, teaching, and outreach findings in academic settings. Knowledge of the history of the seminar series remained obscure until the record book was discovered in 2010, which provided documentation of its founding and the early years of knowledge-sharing in seminar format. To mark this unique event in horticultural science, a centennial celebration of the seminar series occurred on 13 Jan. 2013. An estimated total of 1899 seminars have been presented during this century-long period. However, a gap in the seminars during 1916 to 1925 was unexplained in the record book. Examination of the departmental, college, and university archives during this time period revealed two primary reasons for this: WWI and the 1918 influenza epidemic. The War Department’s takeover of all college and university campuses in 1918 resulted in the decimation of the faculty and student body by mandatory service (all males age 18–45 years), the institution of a wartime curriculum (which limited the number and types of horticulture classes), the takeover of essential departmental functions by nondrafted men and all female students/faculty, the building of barracks (many of which were on horticultural research plots), and the cessation of all activities, including the seminar. Concurrently, the 1918 influenza outbreak prohibited social gatherings, thus limiting interactions such as seminars. Only a few photographs exist of students wearing masks in 1918, but the impact of the flu seriously affected the ability of students to return to the University of Minnesota after WWI. One subtle benefit in 1918 was the first-ever admission of disabled students (veterans) to horticulture classes. The deaths of students, faculty, and administrators on WWI battlefields, in training camps, or by influenza, as well as post-traumatic stress disorder, devastated the department for years. Lessons learned from these tragedies resonate with the modern-day continuation of the seminar series in the context of the current Covid-19 pandemic.
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Journey, A. M. y K. R. Ostlie. "Biological Control of The Western Corn Rootworm Using an Entomoparasitic Nematode, 1992". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1993): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.204.
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Abstract Efficacy of Steinernema carpocapsae. All strain, as a biological control agent for WCR was evaluated on a Waukegan silt loam soil at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. Experimental plots, consisting of 30 plants in 30 rows of 10 (76-cm row spacing, planted 19 May), were infested on 9 Jun with 800 WCR eggs/30.5 cm of row. Sixty additional plants were infested to monitor WCR development. Most plants had reached the 2-leaf stage when infested; 20% were at the 1-leaf stage. A factorial design was used, testing nematode application rate and timing of application relative to WCR development. Nematodes (BioVector®) were applied on 4 dates, determined by rootworm development: before hatch (18 Jun), and when the population had reached its early 1st (29 Jun), 2nd (8 Jul), and 3rd instars (15 Jul). Fourteen ml of 0.15% agar S. carpocapsae suspension was applied around the base of treated plants with a 35 ml syringe. Four replicates of 4 nematode rates and an agar control were applied on each date. Soil conditions were highly favorable for nematode movement except for 8 Jul, when the plots were watered to ensure the top 10 cm of soil was uniformly moist. On 31 Aug, 10 roots from each plot were dug, washed, and rated using the Iowa 1-6 root injury scale (with half-point increments of greater sensitivity).
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Connelly, Michael S., Abdelaziz Lagnaoui y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Control of Colorado Potato Beetle with Natural Product Insecticides, 1991". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.125.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 15 May at the University of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, Crookston. Experimental plots were 4 rows wide, 36.6 m (120 ft) long, with 91 cm (36 in) spacing between rows and 30 cm (12 in) between plants. The two center rows of each plot were planted with certified 'Red Pontiac' seed pieces cut the previous day. Plots were separated on all sides by 1.8 m (5.9 ft) of cultivated soil. A completely randomized plot design was used. Plots were scouted daily for CPB egg masses beginning 19 Jun. When egg masses were found they were flagged and checked every 2 - 3 days for hatch. Timing of first spray application was based on egg hatch; first application was made at 30% hatch of flagged egg masses and subsequent applications on a 7 d schedule. All treatments were applied 3 times for each CPB generation: 27 Jun, 5, and 11 Jul for first generation CPB larvae; and 18, 25 Jul, and 8 Aug for second generation. Natural product insecticides used in this experiment were Bacillus thuringiensis var. son diego (MYX-1806), and neem (Margosan-O). Sprays were applied using a tractormounted boom sprayer, with a single hollow cone nozzle over each row. Spray volume was 655 liter water/ha (70 gal/acre) at 827 kPa (120 psi). All data were collected from the two center rows of each plot. CPB larvae (small = 1st and 2nd instar, large = 3rd and 4th instar) were counted on 20 randomly selected whole plants per plot. Leaf loss to defoliation (from feeding by CPB) was estimated visually as percent foliage lost. Data were expressed as mean CPB larvae or plant injury (defoliation) × number of days elapsed = Area Under the Curve (AUC).
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Vaadeland, John R., Craig A. Longtine, Kathy L. Flanders, Abdelazi Lagnaoui y Edward B. Radcliffe. "Control of Colorado Potato Beetle, Potato Leafhopper, and Green Peach Aphid, 1991". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 17, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1992): 147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/17.1.147.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 15 Mayat the University of Minnesota, Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount. Plots were 4 rows wide, 10.6 m (35 ft) long, with 102 cm (40 in) spacing between rows and 30 cm (12 in) between plants. Plots were separated on all sides by 2.0 m (6.7 ft) of cultivated soil. Eight experiments were planted in the same field. For each experiment, a completely randomized plot design with 4 replications was used. In all eight experiments, CPB control was the primary objective. Experiment 1 was to evaluate neem (Margosan-O) alone or in combination with other insecticides. Experiment 2 was to evaluate several conventional insecticides and Kryocide. Experiment 3 was to compare several commercial Bacillus thuringiensis insecticides at 3 rates each. Experiment 4 was to evaluate neem (RH-999) alone or in combination with other insecticides. Experiment 5 was to compare 3 Bacillus thuringiensis insecticides from Ecogen Inc. at 2 rates each. Experiment 6 was to evaluate application of Furadan 4 F applied as a systemic spray at drag-off Experiment 7 was to compare performance of several insecticides when first sprays were applied at different stages of egg hatch or larval development. Experiment 8 was to compare different insecticide rotation schedules. Plots were scouted daily for CPB egg masses beginning 8 Jun. When egg masses were found they were flagged and checked daily for hatch. Timing of first spray application (except in Experiment 6) was based on egg hatch. Five treatment schedules were used: 0 = untreated control (UTC), 1 = Furadan 4 F applied as a spray 6 Jun just prior to drag-off, 2 = first application at 30% hatch of flagged CPB egg masses (i.e., first eggs to hatch for that generation), 3 = first application at first appearance of 2nd instar, 4 = first application at first appearance of 3rd instar. Spray applications for schedule 2 were applied 17-18, 24 Jun, 23 (second generation), 29 Jul, 6, and 13 Aug. Spray applications for schedule 3 were applied 19, 27 Jun, 24 Jul (second generation), 31 Jul, 7, and 14 Aug. Spray applications for schedule 4 were applied 22 Jun, 26 Jul (second generation), 8, 12, and 16 Aug. Insecticidal sprays were applied using a tractor-mounted boom sprayer, with drop nozzles. Sprays were applied in 739 liters of water/ha (79 gal/acre) at 620 kPa (90 psi). CPB larvae (small = 1st and 2nd instar, large = 3rd and 4th instar) were counted on 8 randomly selected whole plants, PLH nymphs and GPA apterae were counted on 35 mid-plant leaves. Leaf loss to defoliation by CPB feeding was estimated visually as percent foliage lost. CPB were counted on 21, 26 Jun, 25 Jul, 1, 9, and 15 Aug; defoliation was estimated on 28 Jun, 3, 10, 17, 22, 30 Jul, 5, and 19 Aug; PLH were counted 30 Jul and 29 Aug; GPA were counted 29 Aug. Data were expressed as mean insect numbers or plant injury.
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Bartels, D. W., R. L. Hines y W. D. Hutchison. "Control of Lepidopteran Pests in Cabbage, 1996". Arthropod Management Tests 22, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1997): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/amt/22.1.87.
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Abstract This study was conducted at the University of Minnesota Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station. Cabbage was transplanted bare-root on 28 Jun. Plots consisted of two 25 ft (7.6 m) rows on 40 inch (1.0 m) centers with plants spaced 13 inches (0.33 m) apart. Ten ft (3.0 m) borders and 10 ft (3.0 m) alleys separated plots. Treatments were arranged in a RCB design with 4 replications. Treatment applications were initiated during the 9-12 true leave stage, before precupping. Treatments were applied 26 and 31 Jul, 08, 14 and 21 Aug using a moderate-clearance Spirit sprayer with 3 TX-10 hollowcone nozzles (1 overhead and 2 drop nozzles) per row. The sprayer was calibrated to deliver 27 gpa (252.5 liters/ha) at 47 psi (3.3 kg/cm2) and 3 mph (4.8 km/hr). Bond sticker/extender was added to all treatments (except Confirm treatments) at a rate of 0.10 fl oz/gal (0.8 ml/liter). Counts were taken from 5 heads per plot on 15 Aug and 10 heads per plot on 26 Aug. Ten heads per plots were evaluated for feeding damage on 30 Aug using Green’s rating scale (J. Econ. Entomol. 1969 62:4 798-800): 1 = no feeding damage; 2 = minor feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (1 % eaten); 3 = moderate feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (2–5% eaten) with no head damage; 4 = moderate feeding damage on the wrapper leaves (6-10% eaten) and minor feeding scars on the head; 5 = moderate to heavy feeding on the wrapper leaves (11-30% eaten) and moderate feeding scars on the head; 6 = >30% of the wrapper leaves eaten and numerous feeding scars on the head.
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Radcliffe, Edward B., Abdelaziz Lagnaoui, John R. Vaadeland, Andrew E. Watland y Kathy L. Flanders. "Control of Colorado Potato Beetle with Natural Product Insecticides, Rosemount, 1990". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 16, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1991): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/16.1.96.
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Abstract Natural product insecticides used in this experiment were Bacillus thuringiensis var. san diego (MYX 1806), and B. thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (Trident and BK-102) and azadirachtin (Margosan-O RH 0000 and RH 9999) from the neem tree, Azadirachta indica. Certified B-size seed potatoes were planted 23 May at the Plant Pathology Farm, Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Minnesota. Plots were 6 rows wide, 19.8 m (65 ft) long, with 102 cm (40 in) spacing between rows and 30 cm (12 in) between plants. Plots were separated on all sides by 2 m (6.7 ft) of cultivated soil. A completely randomized plot design with 4 replications was used. Plots were scouted daily for CPB egg masses beginning 15 Jun. When egg masses were found these were flagged and checked daily for hatch. Timing of first spray application was based on egg hatch. Three basic spray schedules were used: first application on 30% hatch of flagged egg masses and subsequent applications on either a 7 d or 10 d schedule, or first application on 30% hatch of all eggs (unflagged) laid on or before that sampling date and subsequent applications on a 7 d schedule. Plots were sprayed 1-4 times for each generation of CPB larvae. Spray dates were: 21 Jun (30% hatch of flagged eggs—1st generation), 25 Jun (30% total hatch—1st generation), 29 Jun, 1, 2, 5, 9, 20 Jul (30% hatch of flagged eggs—2nd generation), 25 Jul (30% total hatch—2nd generation), 27 Jul, 30 Jul, 1,3, 8, 9, 10 and 15 Aug. Insecticidal sprays were applied using a tractor-drawn boom sprayer with drop nozzles, 3 hollow-cone drop nozzles to the row. Sprays were applied in 795 liters water/ha (85 gal/acre) at 620 kPa (90 psi). All data was collected from the center 4 rows of each plot. CPB larvae (small = 1st and 2nd instar, large = 3rd and 4th instar) were counted on 20 randomly selected whole plants/plot. On one sampling date, 6 Jul, CPB counts were based on only 10 plants/plot and not recorded by size-class. PLH nymphs and green peach aphid apterae were counted on 35 mid-plant leaves/plot. Leaf loss to defoliation (by CPB) was estimated visually (by 2-5 individuals per sampling date) as percent foliage lost. Hopperburn (the injury caused by PLH) was estimated visually (by 2-5 individuals/sampling date) on a 0-6 scale, 0 = no injury. CPB were counted on 26 Jun, 6, 31 Jul, 8, 15, 20 and 28 Aug. PLH were counted 3, 10, 16, 24 and 31 Jul, 6, 13, 21 and 29 Aug. GPA were counted 3 Jul, 6, 13, 21 and 29 Aug. Defoliation was estimated 29 Jun, 2, 5, 10 and 16 Jul, 2, 7, 10, 16, 23 and 30 Aug. Hopperburn was estimated on 10, 16, 23 and 30 Aug. Data was expressed as mean insect numbers or plant injury × number of days elapsed (= Area Under Curve). AUC for CPB was calculated separately for 1st and 2nd generations, and then combined. For calculation of AUC for 1st generation CPB the 6 Jul counts were multiplied × 2 and included in the column CPB large. Two way analysis of variance was used to test for treatment differences in pest densities, plant injury and yield. Yields were obtained 17 Sep by harvesting one center row from each plot.
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Stucker, D. S. y E. B. Radcliffe. "Alfalfa Insect Contbol, Minnesota, 1984". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1985): 188–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.188.
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Abstract Experiments were conducted at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment station on the third regrowth of third year ‘Agate’ alfalfa. Plots were 52 ft x 52 ft in size replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Spray treatments were applied with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer on 9 Aug in 33 gal/acre at 300 psi. Samples were taken 1 day posttreatment, 3 days posttreatment, 7 days posttreatment, 14 days posttreatment, and 20 days posttreatment using a 15-inch diam sweep-net and taking 20 pendulum sweeps per plot.
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Luby, J. J., W. H. Alderman, S. T. Munson, D. K. Wildung, W. H. Gray, E. E. Hoover y C. Stushnoff. "‘Alderman’ Plum". HortScience 21, n.º 2 (abril de 1986): 327–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.21.2.327.
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Abstract ‘Alderman’ is a large, sweet, cold-hardy, Japanese-type plum hybrid involving Prunus salicina Lindl. and P. americana Marsh. It is being introduced by the Univ. of Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station for use in cold climates where other high-quality, Japanese-type plums may suffer winter injury. ‘Alderman’ was named after W.H. Alderman in commemoration of his 100th birthday in 1985 and in recognition of his many accomplishments as a scientist and administrator in horticultural science at the Univ. of Minnesota.
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Stucker, D. S., C. G. Watrin y E. B. Radcliffe. "Alfalfa Insect Control, Minnesota, 1983". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1985): 185–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.185a.
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Abstract Experiments were conducted at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment station on the third regrowth of second year ‘Pacer’ alfalfa. Plots were 52 ft X 52 ft in size replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Spray treatments were applied with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer on 31 Aug in 30 gal water/acre at 1(K) psi. Samples were taken 1 day posttreatment, 7 days posttreatment, 14 days posttreatment, and 21 days posttreatment using a vacuum sampler with a 20 cm diameter hose mouth. Plots were sampled by holding the hose mouth near ground level for 2-3 s, then moving to another site until 15 sites had been sampled. The total area sampled per plot was approximately 0.47 m.
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Stucker, D. S. y E. B. Radcliffe. "Alfalfa Weevil and Pea Aphid Control, Minnesota, 1984". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 10, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1985): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/10.1.185.
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Abstract Experiments were conducted at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station on the first regrowth of third year ‘Pacer’ alfalfa. Plots were 52 ft X 52 ft in size, replicated 4 times in a randomized complete block design. Spray treatments were applied with a tractor-drawn boom sprayer on 8 Jim in 38 gal/acre at 300 psi. Samples were taken 1 day posttreatment, 3 days posttreatment, and 14 days posttreatment using a 15-inch diam sweep-net and taking 20 pendulum sweeps per plot.
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Debertin, David L. y Garnett L. Bradford. "Agricultural Economics Research and The Experiment Station System". Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 19, n.º 2 (diciembre de 1987): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0081305200025462.
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AbstractThis paper discusses the role of agricultural economics research within the land-grant university system. Fundamental differences between research in the biological sciences and the social sciences are delineated. Implications of these differences for experiment station research programs are discussed. Recommendations are made which have potential for enhancing the role of agricultural economics within colleges of agriculture.
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Dennis, Frank G., John F. Kelly y Wink Laurie. "The Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station Celebrates Its 100th Birthday". HortScience 23, n.º 3 (junio de 1988): 434–650. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.23.3.434.
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Abstract A sketch of Eustace Hall is on the cover of this issue of HortScience. Eustace Hall was designed by Liberty Hyde Bailey and was the first building in the United States devoted exclusively to the study and teaching of horticulture. It was completed in 1888—the year of the founding of the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station. It was named Eustace Hall in memory of Harry J. Eustace, Department Head from 1908–1919. In addition to offices and classrooms, the twostory brick structure contained a photographic darkroom and rooms for grafting and storage of nursery stock. Now the home of the University College, it is the second oldest building on campus.
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Nutsubidze, Nugzar N., Simo Sarkanen, Elmer L. Schmidt y Sheena Shashikanth. "Consecutive polymerization and depolymerization of kraft lignin by trametes cingulatafn1fn1Paper No. 974436801 of the Scientific Journal Series of the Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station, funded through Minnesota Agricultural Experiment Station Project No. 43-68, supported by Hatch Funds." Phytochemistry 49, n.º 5 (noviembre de 1998): 1203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0031-9422(98)00086-7.
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Hutchison, William D. y Joshua J. Lee. "Control of Late-Season Fall Armyworm Infestation of Minnesota Sweet Corn, 1990". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 16, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1991): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/16.1.74a.
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Abstract This experiment was conducted at the Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station, Rosemount, Minn. A very heavy infestation of FAW was observed 29 Aug in 'Jubilee' sweet corn planted 29 Jul. Within the field, two-row plots, 25 ft long, were arranged in a randomized complete block design. Pretreatment assessment of the FAW infestation indicated an average of 78 larvae/20 plants with the percentage of larvae in each instar as: I, 49%; II, 38%; and HI, 13%. Egg masses were also abundant. All treatments were applied 29 Aug with a backpack CO2 sprayer using one flat-fan (LF-3) nozzle/row, delivering 27 gal/acre at 40 psi. Liquid sprays were directed over the top of the whorl. Treatments were evaluated 5 Sep (7 DAT) by recording the number and instar of live larvae/plant from each of the 20 plants/plot (80/treatment).
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Barrett, Christopher B. y DeeVon Bailey. "Are Agricultural Experiment Station Faculty Salaries Competitively or Monopsonistically Determined?" Agricultural and Resource Economics Review 28, n.º 1 (abril de 1999): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1068280500000927.
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We examine the determinants of agricultural experiment station faculty salaries and find that productivity pays—as manifest by grantsmanship, publications, and the elicitation of competing offers—with no residual evidence of a negative seniority-salary relationship that could signal university monopsony power. This contrasts with findings in the previous literature on faculty salaries. Moreover, national market salary benchmarks, which may proxy for imperfectly observable productivity, correlate almost one-for-one with individual faculty salaries, with individual deviations from peers’ salaries proving essentially random. This evidence is much more consistent with the hypothesis that experiment station faculty salaries are determined in a competitive labor market than with the prevailing wisdom that they are set monopsonistically.
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Lagnaoui, Abdelaziz, Edward B. Radcliffe y Grant Terlemezian. "Colorado Potato Beetle Control on Potato in Minnesota, and North Dakota, 1989". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 15, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1990): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/15.1.135.
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Abstract Potatoes were planted 10 May at the University of Minnesota Northwest Agricultural Experimental Station, Crookston and at the Red River Valley Potato Grower’s Association Research Farm, Grand Forks, North Dakota. Plots at the Rosemount Experimental Station were planted 18 May. Plots at Grafton, North Dakota were in a commercial production field. Experimental plots were 15 ft long with 40-inch row spacing. Treatments were randomized in complete blocks with 4 replications. Insecticidal sprays were applied 3 Jul, at Rosemount and 5 Jul at Crookston with a COa-powered hand sprayer delivering 100 gal of water/acre. CPB populations were very high. Posttreatment evaluations were done at 24 h and 48 h after spraying at Rosemount, and 24 h and 7 d after at the other 3 locations. Evaluations consisted of direct counts of all second- and third-instar larvae on 10 plants/plot.
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Bartels, D. W. y W. D. Hutchison. "Insecticidal and Microbial Control of ECB in Minnesota Sweet Corn, 1992". Insecticide and Acaricide Tests 18, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1993): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/iat/18.1.119a.
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Abstract This test was conducted on the University of Minnesota Southern Experiment Station at Waseca in corn planted 29 May. Four-row plots, 9.1 m (30 ft) long with 1.2 m (4 ft) alleys, and separated by two rows of corn, were arranged in a randomized complete block design. A Hagie highboy sprayer with two flat fan (8003VS) nozzles/row, delivering 53.6 1/ha (35 gal/acre) at 2.5 kg/cm2 (36 psi) was used to treat the ear zone of each row. A weekly spray schedule was initiated near 10% silk. Due to mechanical problems and weather, a 9 day spray interval resulted. Treatments were applied 11, 20 and 29 Aug. Plots were artificially infested with about 25 neonate ECB larvae/ear on 12 Aug. Treatments were evaluated 8 Sep by randomly selecting 25 ears/plot (100/treatment) and recording total ECB larvae, larval size, location, and feeding damage.