Tesis sobre el tema "Unconventional water"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 32 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Unconventional water".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
BAUDINO, LUISA. "Sustainable Methods for Lithium Recovery from Water and Unconventional Resources". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2971671.
Texto completoEgejuru, P. C. "Low oil-water ratio invert emulsion mud for unconventional shale reservoirs". Thesis, University of Salford, 2017. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/43914/.
Texto completoHasan, Md Rifat. "Influences of Subcritical Water in Porosity and Fracture Aperture of Unconventional Shale". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1564504738833224.
Texto completoNiemeier, James J. "Radio in hydroscience: unconventional links and new sensor possibilities". Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/863.
Texto completoThiel, Gregory P. "Desalination systems for the treatment of hypersaline produced water from unconventional oil and gas processes". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107078.
Texto completoNumbering for pages 3-4 duplicated. Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 183-195).
conventional reserves has led to a boom in the use of hydraulic fracturing to recover oil and gas in North America. Among the most significant challenges associated with hydraulic fracturing is water resource management, as large quantities of water are both consumed and produced by the process. The management of produced water, the stream of water associated with a producing well, is particularly challenging as it can be hypersaline, with salinities as high as nine times seawater. Typical disposal strategies for produced water, such as deep well injection, can be unfeasible in many unconventional resource settings as a result of regulatory, environmental, and/or economic barriers. Consequently, on-site treatment and reuse-a part of which is desalination-has emerged as a strategy in many unconventional formations. However, although desalination systems are well understood in oceanographic and brackish groundwater contexts, their performance and design at significantly higher salinities is less well explored. In this thesis, this gap is addressed from the perspective of two major themes: energy consumption and scale formation, as these can be two of the most significant costs associated with operating high-salinity produced water desalination systems. Samples of produced water were obtained from three major formations, the Marcellus in Pennsylvania, the Permian in Texas, and the Maritimes in Nova Scotia, and abstracted to design-case samples for each location. A thermodynamic framework for analyzing high salinity desalination systems was developed, and traditional and emerging desalination technologies were modeled to assess the energetic performance of treating these high-salinity waters. A novel thermodynamic parameter, known as the equipartition factor, was developed and applied to several high-salinity desalination systems to understand the limits of energy efficiency under reasonable economic constraints. For emerging systems, novel hybridizations were analyzed which show the potential for improved performance. A model for predicting scale formation was developed and used to benchmark current pre-treatment practices. An improved pretreatment process was proposed that has the potential to cut chemical costs, significantly. Ultimately, the results of the thesis show that traditional seawater desalination rules of thumb do not apply: minimum and actual energy requirements of hypersaline desalination systems exceed their seawater counterparts by an order of magnitude, evaporative desalination systems are more efficient at high salinities than lower salinities, the scale-defined operating envelope can differ from formation to formation, and optimized, targeted pretreatment strategies have the potential to greatly reduce the cost of treatment. It is hoped that the results of this thesis will better inform future high-salinity desalination system development as well as current industrial practice.
by Gregory P. Thiel.
Ph. D.
Karapataki, Christina. "Techno-economic analysis of water management options for unconventional natural gas developments in the Marcellus Shale". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72898.
Texto completoCataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 129-135).
The emergence of large-scale hydrocarbon production from shale reservoirs has revolutionized the oil and gas sector, and hydraulic fracturing has been the key enabler of this advancement. As a result, the need for water treatment has increased significantly and became a major cost driver for producers. What to do with the flowback water in light of scarce disposal facilities and substantial handling costs is a major impediment to the development of the natural gas resource, particularly in the Marcellus shale. This thesis explores the technical, economic and regulatory issues associated with water treatment in the shale plays and identifies best practice water management pathways based upon the Marcellus shale characteristics. The key factors that affect the choice of water treatment options and infrastructure investments are identified and investigated in detail. These include, among others, proximity to disposal facilities, transportation costs, potential for wastewater reuse and make-up water requirements. The study is supplemented by an analysis of the flowback water geochemistry and an examination of the chemical components, like barium and strontium hardness ions, that can restrict the potential of flowback water reuse. Important insights that will help inform the policy debate on how to best address both the environmental and operational water issues associated with hydraulic fracturing in the Marcellus region are derived through this study. Better reporting and monitoring of wastewater volumes is one of the main recommendations of this thesis. A wastewater management and reporting system that focuses on the optimization of water reuse among producers and facilitates information sharing could offer significant efficiencies in terms of reducing costs and minimizing negative environmental impacts. Furthermore, desalination technologies are currently cost prohibitive especially for onsite use. A governmental effort to identify and promote the development of desalination technologies that can effectively remove salts without being prohibitively expensive could help develop a sustainable water management solution.
by Christina Karapataki.
S.M.in Technology and Policy
McAuliff, Kelsey Lane. "Water use metrics for the determination of environmental impacts : regional assessment of upstream unconventional oil and gas". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/60758.
Texto completoOther UBC
Graduate
Alvarez, Helder Ivan. "Chemistry of brine in an unconventional shale dominated source bed understanding water- organic material-mineral interactions during hydrocarbon generation". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/19079.
Texto completoDepartment of Geology
Sambhudas Chaudhuri
The exploration and development of unconventional shale plays provide an opportunity to study the hydrocarbon generation process. These unconventional plays allow one to investigate the interactions between the fluid, mineral, and organic material that occur in a hydrocarbon-generating source bed, before any changes in composition that may occur during secondary migration or post migration processes. Previous studies have determined the chemical constituents of formation waters collected from conventional reservoirs after secondary migration has occurred. This investigation targets formation waters collected from the Woodford shale that acts as both source and reservoir, therefore samples have yet to experience any changes in composition that occur during secondary migration. This investigation focuses on the major element and trace element chemistry of the formation water (Cl, Br, Na, K, Rb, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Rare Earth Elements), which has been compared to chemical constituents of the associated crude oil and kerogens. Analytical data for this investigation were determined by the following methods; Ion Chromatography, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES). The information is used to assess the presence of different sources of water that constitute the formation water, and also to investigate interaction between different minerals and formation waters within the source beds. The formation water data also yields new insights into compartmentalization of oil-gas rich zones within the source beds.
Sharma, Shekar. "Evaluating Leachability of Residual Solids Generated from Unconventional Shale Gas Production Operations in Marcellus Shale". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/50514.
Texto completoMaster of Science
Midrla, Zdeněk. "Řezání abrazivním vodním paprskem". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-230786.
Texto completoLangr, Aleš. "Návrh vhodné technologie výroby pro součást "patka sloupku"". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-231059.
Texto completoPrax, Ondřej. "Nekonvenční metoda obrábění vodním paprskem". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229665.
Texto completoJurka, Pavel. "Racionalizace malosériové výroby výpalků v podmínkách firmy PARS Nova a.s". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228101.
Texto completoKopečný, Libor. "Abrazivní vodní paprsek". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229739.
Texto completoBrym, Radek. "Trendy vývoje obrábění vodním paprskem". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-228165.
Texto completoHort, Zbyněk. "Parametry laserového paprsku". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318845.
Texto completoKubín, Matěj. "Obrábění těžkoobrobitelných materiálů pomocí vodního paprsku s abrazivem". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402519.
Texto completoMalát, Jan. "Technicko-ekonomické porovnání nekonvenčních technologií AWJ a LBM z hlediska potřeb firmy". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-229944.
Texto completoMzahma, Sourour. "Impact sur des sols agricoles et des plantes de l'irrigation par des effluents textiles traités". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAH001.
Texto completoThe textile industry is the most polluting of all industrial sectors. This sector is not only a large consumer of water, but it also discharges enormous quantities of wastewater loaded with salts, dyes, detergents, heavy metals, degradable organic materials, stabilizing agents, etc. The discharge of this water presents risks for hydro-ecosystems, soil, and plants. In addition to the harmful effects of untreated textile effluent on the environment, there is the problem of water scarcity which is becoming increasingly serious. the high demand for water in the agricultural sector, and the lack of fodder in some countries around the world such as Tunisia. In this sense, several processes have been developed to treat textile effluents such as chemical oxidation, chemical coagulation, biodegradation, adsorption, and membrane processes. However, few studies have focused on the impact of irrigation with these treated effluents on soils and plants.The objective of this thesis is the reuse of treated textile effluent (TTE) using scenarios of agricultural valorization of these waters. This work consists of submitting biological treatment (TB) effluents from a Tunisian textile factory to additional treatments by ultrafiltration (UF), nanofiltration (NF), and reverse osmosis (RO). Given that TB effluents are characterized by high salinity, a coupling scenario was considered by mixing 50/50 (V: V) biological treatment water (TB) with well water (S) (TB/S) and NF waters (TB/NF). The impact of irrigation with these waters on the physicochemical and biological parameters of the soil and on the growth, mineral composition, and absorption of MTE in a forage plant: Sesbania bispinosa was evaluated. A physicochemical characterization of irrigation water was carried out with an evaluation of the genotoxic potential of soils irrigated by TTE.The results indicate that the quality of TTE is not stable over time and varies according to the production processes. TB does not meet the requirements of the NT 106.03 standard relating to the reuse of wastewater in agriculture. These waters are characterized by high pH, EC, and Na+, Cl- and SO42- contents. Although NF and RO membranes effectively reduce salinity and the contents of these elements and do not present any risk to the soil and plants with the absence of genotoxic effect of soils on plants, these techniques produce more concentrated water discharges. Consequently, the coupling of TB water with well water constitutes the best alternative for agricultural valorization. This coupling made it possible to reduce the salinity of TB water by reducing the contents of chemical elements such as Na+, Cl-, and SO42-. The reuse of this water for agricultural purposes did not show negative effects on the growth and mineral nutrition of S.bispinosa, did not present risks on the physico-chemical quality of the soil, and contributed to an improvement in enzymatic activity in the soil. Therefore, water coupling constitutes a valorization option. It is a simple and inexpensive solution which, on the one hand, makes it possible to overcome the lack of water and, on the other hand, reduces the quantities of water released into the environment by the textile industries
Fu, Xiaojian. "Coupure Hydraulique et Potentiel de Production en Gaz de Réservoirs de Grès « Tight » : Etude Expérimentale". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ECLI0021/document.
Texto completoSo-called tight gas reservoirs are constituted of low permeability sandstones, which petro-physical properties may interfere with proper gas recovery. They have a low absolute permeability (below 0.1 mD under ambient conditions), a porosity lower than 10%, and a strong sensitivity to in situ stresses as compared to conventional reservoirs. Moreover, an important transition zone is observed in situ, where partial water saturation is present, and which may extend over several hundred meters over the free water table. In such zone, where water saturation is on the order of 40-50%, neither gas nor water seems sufficiently mobile for industrial extraction: this is the permeability jail. Our aim is to assess their actual petro-physical properties, namely porosity, gas permeability under varying hydrostatic stress and water saturation level, in relation with sandstone microstructure. Accessible water porosity measured is between 2 to 12%. The intrinsic permeability to gas did not appeared related to the porosity of samples. A high sensitivity of gas permeability to confinement was observed. Two families of samples were identified. The more permeable samples (permeability between 100-1000 μD), are relatively insensitive to confinement and their relative permeability decrease for water saturation higher than 50%. Less permeable samples appear much more sensitive to mechanical loading and saturation.Methods classically used in oil and gas industry based on the interpretation of mercury intrusion porosimetry tests have also been used to evaluate relative permeability and compared with experimental measurements
Zacherl, Sonja [Verfasser] y Walter [Akademischer Betreuer] Nickel. "A Role for ATP1A1 in Unconventional Secretion of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Sonja Zacherl ; Betreuer: Walter Nickel". Heidelberg : Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1177888823/34.
Texto completoBONO, ANDREA. "Criticità nelle esigenze e nelle offerte energetiche: il ruolo rilevante della progettazione e della gestione ottimizzata delle macchine a fluido e dei sistemi per la conversione di energia. Aspetti applicativi nella piccola fornitura di energia e nella propulsione navale". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Genova, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11567/1046981.
Texto completoNavneet, Kumar *. "Evaporation of Water from Soil-like, Leaf-like Surfaces and Unconventional Porous Media". Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/2005/3575.
Texto completoEvaporation is one of the inherent processes of the earth’s ecosystem. Water bodies, earth’s surface and vegetation all contribute significantly towards the total evaporation which eventually leads to the formation of clouds. The factors which affect the total evaporation (evaporation & transpiration) are the surface temperature, ambient temperature, relative humidity, external wind speed, pressure, surface area and geometry. This thesis deals with the contributors of total evaporation individually viz. open water bodies; soil-like surfaces; and leaf-like surfaces. A ceramic infrared heater has been used to mimic the heating due to sun’s radiation in all the experiments which were conducted in the quiescent atmosphere. This thesis has been broadly categorized into two parts: - (a) evaporation from bare water surface; and (b) evaporation from a porous media. In part (a), we present experimental results on the evaporation from a bare water surface heated either from above using the infrared radiations or from below using immersed heaters. Heating from below leads to unstable stratification and convection while infrared heating from above leads to stable stratification. The effect of water-side convection on the evaporation from a bare water surface has been investigated and all the experimental results have been combined to obtain a power law relation between Sherwood number (Sh) and Rayleigh number (Ra). Part (b) of the thesis has been further split into three major categories: - (1) evaporation from spheres based conventional porous media; (2) evaporation from unconventional porous media containing rods, capillaries, and plates; and (3) evaporation from leaf-like surfaces. In all the experiments, a precision weighing balance was used to measure the evaporation rate. A thermal camera was used to get the surface temperature fields, and fluorescein dye mixed with water gave insightful results on the evaporation process. In particular the red deposits of fluorescein particles revealed the evaporation sites. In most of the experiments, the infrared heating was of the order of 1000W/m2. Different sized glass and acrylic containers were used in this thesis. Mono-disperse glass beads (closest to mimic the natural soils), stainless steel balls, sieved natural sand and hydrophobic Ball Grid Array balls have been used to create the spheres-based conventional porous media. Evaporation was found to undergo three stages which depended on the spheres size and the heat flux supplied. In the 1st stage of evaporation capillary film(s) pulls water from beneath the porous media to the top surface and the evaporation rate remained high, close to that obtained from a water surface. Capillary break-up occurs in the transition regime which is followed by the 2nd stage of evaporation where a new vaporization plane is formed within the porous media. In the 2nd stage, heat is conducted through the top dried layer to the water below where evaporation takes place and the evaporation rate drops drastically. Transition to 2nd stage happened earlier for coarser spheres at constant heat flux. Along with the wetting properties, the spheres size has been found to effect capillary break-up length (a measure of capillary film strength) and hence the duration of the stages of evaporation drastically. Surface images captured using the thermal camera clearly showed the presence of water till the capillary break-up. The capillary break-up length was also found to be affected significantly by the heat flux. Apart from the experimental findings of mono-disperse spheres, two layers of different sized glass spheres have also been investigated. The presence of complicated network of textural layering in the earth’s surface is a well-known fact. Preferential evaporation was clearly seen in the experiments with texturally layered porous media independent of the orientation viz. vertical or horizontal layering. The stacking positions are found to be critical in determining the overall evaporation characteristics. The geometry of a pore between three spheres in mutual contact is very complicated. Simpler pore geometry would be between two rods/plates in contact or three rods in mutual contact or stacks of either of these two. We call these types of the porous media as “Unconventional porous media” as they possess many unique features not shown by a conventional porous media. The evaporation characteristics of vertically stacked rods was found to be dominated by the corner films present in the near-zero radii contacts. Unlike the conventional porous media, the capillary break-up length was found not to depend on the rod diameter. The capillary break-up length for vertically stacked rods was larger than for the spheres case and was also found to be independent of the heat flux, for the range investigated in this thesis. A mathematical model has been developed for understanding the evaporation from the vertically stacked rods. Experiments with horizontally stacked pencil leads showed early capillary break-up while with horizontally stacked glass rods, capillary break-up was not observed. Experimental investigations of porous media containing vertically stacked plates have also been studied. Water trapped between two consecutive plates are treated as 2D source of evaporation. Plants regulate their O2-CO2 content via tiny holes present on the leaves called “Stomata”. The average size of a stoma is nearly 20μm and the total area covered by stomata is close to 5% of the leaf area. However the higher transpiration rates (60-70 % compared to a bare water source) sustained by a plant has remained a mystery for the phytologists. In view of this we mimic the leaf-type using regularly spaced holes on the silicon wafers from which water evaporates. The leaf-mimics had different hole-diameter but open area ratio was kept constant. In all the cases the evaporation ratio (ratio of the evaporation rate from the leaf mimic to that of the evaporation rate of a bare water surface at the same surface temperature) was found to increase at lower heat fluxes. With increasing the hole-size evaporation rate was found to decrease. The leaf-mimic with the smallest hole-size had the highest evaporation rate and the evaporation ratio increased from 0.46 at 800W/m2 to 0.64 at 400W/m2. The 3D nature of diffusion near these tiny holes enhances the evaporative flux which explains the high evaporation rates even for low open area ratios.
Kumar, Navneet. "Evaporation of Water from Soil-like, Leaf-like Surfaces and Unconventional Porous Media". Thesis, 2016. http://etd.iisc.ac.in/handle/2005/4201.
Texto completoEastham, J. Lucas. "Enrichment. Characterization and Identification of Microbial Communities Associated with Unconventional Shale Gas Production Water". 2012. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/etd,154180.
Texto completoBayer School of Natural and Environmental Sciences
Environmental Science and Management (ESM)
MS
Thesis
Jayakumar, Swathika 1986. "Hydrolyzed Polyacrylamide- Polyethylenimine- Dextran Sulfate Polymer Gel System as a Water Shut-Off Agent in Unconventional Gas Reservoirs". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/149218.
Texto completoGakhar, Kush. "Minimizing Water Production from Unconventional Gas Wells Using a Novel Environmentally Benign Polymer Gel System". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-12-10590.
Texto completoMayes, Scott. "Well Water Quality in Southern Butler County, Pennsylvania". 2015. http://digital.library.duq.edu/u?/etd,197222.
Texto completoBayer School of Natural and Environmental Sciences;
Environmental Science and Management (ESM)
MS;
Thesis;
Harold, Jennifer Marie Secor. "Strategies to reduce terminal water consumption of hydraulic fracture stimulation in the Barnett Shale". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/ETD-UT-2009-08-349.
Texto completotext
Eboagwu, Uche. "Evaluation of Membrane Treatment Technology to Optimize and Reduce Hypersalinity Content of Produced Brine for Reuse in Unconventional Gas Wells". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2011-08-10006.
Texto completoWalter, Steffen [Verfasser]. "Unconventional T lymphocytes : recombinant MHC molecules pave the way = Unkonventionelle T-Lymphozyten / vorgelegt von Steffen Walter". 2005. http://d-nb.info/977972860/34.
Texto completoSonkusale, Sachin R. "Planar edge defined alternate layer process (pedal) an unconventional technique for fabricatinon of wafer scale sub-25 nm nanowires and nanowire template /". 2006. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-11062006-205109/unrestricted/etd.pdf.
Texto completo