Artículos de revistas: "Ultrasonic transducer driver"

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Yarn, Kao Feng, King Kung Wu, Kai Hsing Ma y Wen Chung Chang. "Ultrasonic Welding Driver with Class-E Inverter Design". Advanced Materials Research 204-210 (febrero de 2011): 2071–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.204-210.2071.

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A robust circuit design using matching technology to design the ultrasonic welding transducer driver with zero voltage switching is proposed. The feedback output voltage is used to control the oscillator frequency to achieve the self-tracking function. Experimental results exhibit that the Class-E inverter circuit can be effectively and stably applied on the high power ultrasonic welding system.

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2

Zhang, Hong Jie, Fu Jun Wang, Y. Y. Hou y D. W. Zhang. "Driver Design of the Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducer for Wire Bonding Based on Direct Digital Synthesis Technology". Materials Science Forum 697-698 (septiembre de 2011): 809–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.697-698.809.

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In order to design a driver of piezoelectric ultrasonic transducer which can provide high quality ultrasonic signal and be able to realize the frequency tracking rapidly, accurately and intelligently during the bonding process, the ATmega128 microcontroller and AD9851 synthesizer are selected as core components to build an ultrasonic generator and frequency tracking system. The basic circuit units including low pass filter, power amplifier, signal detection and conversion circuits are also established. The test results of the system shows that, based on DDS technology, high quality ultrasonic signal for transducer can be achieved. By combining the two kinds of frequency tracking methods, the system can realize the frequency tracking during the bonding process. It also indicates that the design significantly improve the precision and flexibility of the ultrasonic generator system.

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3

Giannelli, Pietro, Andrea Bulletti, Maurizio Granato, Giovanni Frattini, Giacomo Calabrese y Lorenzo Capineri. "A Five-Level, 1-MHz, Class-D Ultrasonic Driver for Guided-Wave Transducer Arrays". IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control 66, n.º 10 (octubre de 2019): 1616–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tuffc.2019.2924943.

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4

Burge, Leah, Lauryn McKenna y Murray Korman. "Photoacoustic medical imaging demonstration using a pulsed LED". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, n.º 5 (1 de agosto de 2021): 1756–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-1919.

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This demonstration of photoacoustics involves a focused light-emitting diode (LED) pulse (620 nm wavelength) which illuminates an optically absorbing target. The rapid expansion generates an ultrasonic pulse detected by an immersion transducer. An LED is a cost-effective alternative to the traditional neodymium-doped Yttrium-Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) laser and laser diode- that is most effective in near-infrared. The LED is driven by a home-made MOSFET driver capable of 100 A pulses. Focused pulses illuminate a horizontal 1.2 mm capillary tube filled with Fast Green Dye. A highly-diffuse Teflon cylindrical cavity (9 cm tall, 6 cm diam) contains the mounted capillary tube. A 2.25 MHz immersion transducer with four low-noise amplifier gain blocks (combined 86 decibel gain, 0.5- 30 MHz bandwidth), detects a time-averaged signal from over 1000 trials. Comparisons are made using India ink. Earlier, T. J. Allen and P. C. Beard used 35 percent hematocrit blood in a capillary tube at a 620 nm wavelength demonstrating the feasibility of photoacoustic medical imaging of vascular systems under the skin or shallow-tissue cancerous tumors (using tomography) as an alternative to radioactive medical imaging. Our work precedes a photoacoustic tomography demonstration using three targets in an open acrylic tank.

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5

Okamoto, Kyoka y Kan Okubo. "Arrangement design for horizontally omnidirectional audible sound source using facing ultrasonic transducer arrays". Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 61, SG (30 de marzo de 2022): SG1028. http://dx.doi.org/10.35848/1347-4065/ac4c09.

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Abstract We developed an audible sound source with horizontal omnidirectional patterns using facing ultrasonic transducer arrays. The arrays emitted sound with different ultrasonic frequencies from each side, and an audible sound with a differential frequency is generated between input ultrasonic signals. In particular, we designed and created a new array that can control the number of transducers driven in the array. We evaluated the frequency–amplitude characteristics and directivity when the transducers in the array were driven in an annular shape. There is an optimum array shape and number of transducers that can be driven for a specific distance between arrays.

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6

Engelke, Diana, Bernd Oehme y Jens Strackeljan. "A Novel Drive Option for Piezoelectric Ultrasonic Transducers". Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/910876.

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This paper concentrates on ultrasonic transducers, which are driven by piezoelectric ceramic rings that are arranged in a stack. A novel drive option, where the stack contains a new type of divided piezoelectric rings, is analyzed using the finite element method, prototyped, and tested. To gain a better sense of the vibration behavior, the studies focus initially on one ring and subsequently on the different possibilities to assemble the transducer. The investigations point out that natural bending frequencies can be excited at the transducer. Thus, multiple vibration directions of the tip can be controlled, what can be advantageous for instance in dental applications.

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7

Liu, Jun Kao, Wei Shan Chen y Xiao Yu Lv. "Study on Ultrasonic Micromateriel Transmission System". Applied Mechanics and Materials 55-57 (mayo de 2011): 2109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.55-57.2109.

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A new type ultrasonic materiel transmission system is proposed in this study. In this new design, bending vibration traveling wave is generated in an elastic pipe by using two uniform sandwich type longitudinal vibration transducers. Thus, elliptical trajectory motions can be formed at particles on the pipe wall, which can drive the materiel by frictional force. The adopting of sandwich transducer in this device can gain large vibration amplitude and improve the electromechanical coupling efficiency. The structure and working principle of the proposed design are introduced. The transducer and the pipe are designed and analyzed by using FEM method. The longitudinal vibration mode of the transducer and the bending vibration mode of the pipe are analyzed, and the resonant frequencies of these two modes are tuned to be close. A prototype system is fabricated and measured.

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8

Niu, Xiaoyu, Yuqi Meng, Zihuan Liu, Ehsan Vatankhah y Neal A. Hall. "MEMS microphones as ultrasonic transducers". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, n.º 4 (octubre de 2022): A50—A51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015506.

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We demonstrate the transmission of ultrasound in air using a transducer that resembles a MEMS microphone in its construction. The device comprises a compliant 1 mm diameter diaphragm, a stiff perforated backplate electrode, and a back-volume. The diaphragm is driven using AC signals with peak values that exceed the pull-in voltage of the diaphragm. Relatively large diaphragm displacements are achieved as diaphragm oscillations traverse the complete 2.30-micrometer diaphragm-backplate gap in response to excitation waveforms spanning from 40 kHz to 150 kHz. Large amplitude diaphragm vibration is advantageous for high SPL applications in air, as sound pressure is directly proportional to diaphragm displacement for a given operating frequency. Diaphragm vibration profiles are measured using a scanning laser Doppler vibrometer, and resultant acoustic pressure waveforms in air are measured using a broadband microphone. We demonstrate how nonlinear features of the electrostatic transducer can be exploited to generate loud, broadband signals. We also discuss interesting applications using an array of these transducers.

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9

Yamaguchi, Daisuke, Takefumi Kanda, Koichi Suzumori, Kazuya Fujisawa, Kiyonori Takegoshi y Takashi Mizuno. "Ultrasonic Motor Using Two Sector-Shaped Piezoelectric Transducers for Sample Spinning in High Magnetic Field". Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 25, n.º 2 (20 de abril de 2013): 384–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2013.p0384.

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This paper presents the design, fabrication process, and evaluation of an ultrasonic motor for sample spinning in a high magnetic field of solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). To decrease effects of the magnetic field on rotation, all motor components are made of materials that have low magnetic permeability. The motor, including the sample casing, is a maximum 31 mm in diameter and 50 mm high. The motor has two sector-shaped piezoelectric transducers. One transducer generates two different vibration modes, longitudinal and flexural, when two sinusoidal voltages are applied to transducers. To confirm that transducers can be driven in a high magnetic field, the effect of the magnetic field on the transducer was evaluated. The motor was driven at a frequency of 329.0 kHz. The maximum rotation speed and starting torque were 1.50 × 103rpm and 26 µNm when applied voltage was 40 Vp-p. The rotation speed, controlled by a proportional-integral control system, was 1.20 × 103rpm in a 7.0-T magnetic field. The motor was also applied to the sample spinning system of a high-resolution NMR spectrometer. We succeeded in obtaining1H-NMR signals of H2O. The motor can therefore be used for a sample spinning system in a high magnetic field.

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10

Liu, Jun Kao, Tao Xie, Wei Shan Chen y Chang Hua Jia. "A Standing Wave Ultrasonic Motor Using Longitudinal Vibration Transducers". Key Engineering Materials 474-476 (abril de 2011): 661–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.474-476.661.

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A new type standing wave ultrasonic motor is proposed in this study. In this design, three longitudinal vibration transducers are clamped on the inner side of a ring with driving teeth by screws. Bending standing wave can be generated in the ring by the longitudinal vibrations of the transducers. Thus, oblique linear simple harmonic vibrations are formed on the teeth, which can drive the rotor by frictional force. The structure and working principle of the proposed design are introduced. The motor is designed and analyzed by using FEM method. A standing wave is gained after the degeneration between the bending vibration of the ring and the longitudinal vibration of the transducer. The test results of the prototype motor verify the feasibility of the proposed design.

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11

Jūrėnas, Vytautas, Gražvydas Kazokaitis y Dalius Mažeika. "Design of Unimorph Type 3DOF Ultrasonic Motor". Applied Sciences 10, n.º 16 (13 de agosto de 2020): 5605. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10165605.

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A new design of 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) piezoelectric ultrasonic motor (USM) is introduced in this paper. The concept of this design is to incorporate a spherical rotor between two piezoelectric transducers. Each transducer is coupled with a flange, and it operates like a unimorph structure. Such a design of the transducer allows to increase the amplitude of the vibrations and to generate the higher torque and driving force used to achieve 3DOF rotary motion of the spherical rotor. The proposed USM may be used for humanoid robots, optomechanical systems, or small satellites. This USM consists of several components, is lightweight and reliable. Numerical analysis and experimental studies were performed to validate the feasibility of this drive, to find out proper resonant frequencies for the unimorph, and optimize the shape of the flange. Experimental studies were accomplished to validate the results of the numerical analysis and to validate the operating principles of the piezoelectric motor.

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12

Teng, Zhen Fang y Jie Li. "Driving Method of Ultrasonic Transducer". Advanced Materials Research 718-720 (julio de 2013): 1476–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.718-720.1476.

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When the ultrasonic transducer forwardly operates, it needs excitation signal to produce ultrasonic wave. We analyzed the ultrasonic transducer and learned from the experience in the actual project. And got two plans to drive the ultrasonic transducer through the pulse excitation and resonance methods. Both plans have been used in the current wind speed and flow rate measurements. Both are stable, feasible and reliable.

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13

Lu, Yuren, Chunguang Xu, Qinxue Pan, Quanpeng Yu y Dingguo Xiao. "Research on Inherent Frequency and Vibration Characteristics of Sandwich Piezoelectric Ceramic Transducer". Sensors 22, n.º 23 (2 de diciembre de 2022): 9431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22239431.

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Great progress has been made in the field of ultrasonic processing in recent years, and piezoelectric ceramic transducers have been widely used as drive sources. In this paper, a sandwich piezoelectric ceramic transducer is designed, and the vibration of each part of the transducer is analyzed by elastic mechanics and piezoelectric theory. According to its mechanical and electrical boundary conditions, the vibration model of the piezoelectric transducer was established. Based on the equivalent elastic modulus method for simplifying the pre-stressed bolts into a one-dimensional transducer vibration model, the relationship between the one-dimensional axial response frequency of the transducer and the length of each component was obtained. Based on the half wavelength theory, a transducer with the vibration node in the crystal stack and an inherent frequency of 15 kHz was designed and fabricated. In order to verify the natural frequency and vibration characteristics of the piezoelectric transducer, a laser vibration measurement system was built in this study. The vibration characteristics of the transducer under different parameters such as voltage and frequency were analyzed, and the accuracy of the vibration model was verified. The vibration states of the end surface of the transducer and the radial surface were evaluated at the first-order inherent frequency and second-order inherent frequency. The results show that the equivalent simplified model established in this study can effectively design the inherent frequency of the transducer, and the operation at the first-order inherent frequency meets the one-dimensional assumptions of this study. The transducer operating conditions measured in this study also provide a more detailed reference for ultrasonic processing applications.

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14

Ramos, Antonio, Abelardo Ruiz y Enrique Riera. "Modeling Pulsed High-Power Spikes in Tunable HV Capacitive Drivers of Piezoelectric Wideband Transducers to Improve Dynamic Range and SNR for Ultrasonic Imaging and NDE". Sensors 21, n.º 21 (28 de octubre de 2021): 7178. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21217178.

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The signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) of ultrasonic imaging and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) applications can be greatly improved by driving each piezoelectric transducer (single or in array) with tuned HV capacitive-discharge drivers. These can deliver spikes with kW pulsed power at PRF ≈ 5000 spikes/s, achieving levels higher even than in CW high-power ultrasound: up to 5 kWpp. These conclusions are reached here by applying a new strategy proposed for the accurate modeling of own-design re-configurable HV capacitive drivers. To obtain such rigorous spike modeling, the real effects of very high levels of pulsed intensities (3–10 A) and voltages (300–700 V) were computed. Unexpected phenomena were found: intense brief pulses of driving power and probe emitted force, as well as nonlinearities in semiconductors, though their catalog data include only linear ranges. Fortunately, our piezoelectric and circuital devices working in such an intense regime have not shown serious heating problems, since the finally consumed “average” power is rather small. Intensity, power, and voltage, driving wideband transducers from our capacitive drivers, are researched here in order to drastically improve (∆ >> 40 dB) their ultrasonic “net dynamic range available” (NDRA), achieving emitted forces > 240 Newtonspp and receiving ultrasonic signals of up to 76–205 Vpp. These measurements of ultrasonic pulsed voltages, received in NDE and Imaging, are approximately 10,000 larger than those usual today. Thus, NDRA ranges were optimized for three laboratory capacitive drivers (with six commercial transducers), which were successfully applied in the aircraft industry for imaging landing flaps in Boeing wings, despite suffering acoustic losses > 120 dB.

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15

ORR, LEIGH-ANN, ANTHONY J. MULHOLLAND, RICHARD L. O'LEARY y GORDON HAYWARD. "ANALYSIS OF ULTRASONIC TRANSDUCERS WITH FRACTAL ARCHITECTURE". Fractals 16, n.º 04 (diciembre de 2008): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218348x08004101.

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Ultrasonic transducers composed of a periodic piezoelectric composite are generally accepted as the design of choice in many applications. Their architecture is normally very regular and this is due to manufacturing constraints rather than performance optimization. Many of these manufacturing restrictions no longer hold due to new production methods such as computer controlled, laser cutting, and so there is now freedom to investigate new types of geometry. In this paper, the plane wave expansion model is utilized to investigate the behavior of a transducer with a self-similar architecture. The Cantor set is utilized to design a 2-2 configuration, and a 1-3 configuration is investigated with a Sierpinski carpet geometry. Ideally a single longitudinal mode in the thickness direction will drive the transducer in a piston-like fashion. In this paper it was found that by increasing the fractal generation level, the bandwidth surrounding the main thickness mode will increase, but there will be a corresponding reduction in the amplitude of the electrical conductance. It is also shown that a shift in the frequency of operation of the device can be achieved by altering the spatial periodicity of the electrical excitation.

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16

Li, Fu Jin y Chun Yan An. "Slurry Concentration Detection Theory Based on the Ultrasonic Echo Attenuation". Advanced Materials Research 588-589 (noviembre de 2012): 998–1001. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.588-589.998.

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Decay theory based on the ultrasonic echo, with ultrasonic sensors measure the concentration of the slurry through the use of the controller to control the ultrasonic transmitter and receiver circuits, this system will be integrated waveform chip MAX038 generate burst, and then after the power amplifier drive ultrasonic transducer transmits ultrasonic, use of the logarithmic amplifier attenuation of the echo signal through the mud interface to reach the receiving transducer in the ultrasonic detector amplification, concentration data processing obtained by the microcontroller.

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17

Moss, Scott D., Jess D. Flicker, David J. Munk, Matthew J. Schipper, Joel Smithard, George Jung, Zane Hills, Jianfu Hou, John E. Daniels y Peter Finkel. "Magnetic prestressing for a d₃₂-mode single crystal ultrasonic transducer". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 153, n.º 1 (enero de 2023): 7–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016754.

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This work describes a 35.9 kHz ultrasonic transducer that incorporates a magnetic arrangement to apply a static-compressive prestress to a d32-mode relaxor ferroelectric single crystal drive-element. The magnetic arrangement produces a 22.5 N static-compressive force, inducing a static compression of ∼630 nm on the drive-element. Operating in air with a continuous-wave 10 V peak drive at ∼35.9 kHz, the measured resonant peak displacement of the transducers head-mass was 127 nm. This is well within the predicted static compression, thus, the drive-element is protected from damaging tensile stress. Under the same drive conditions and at an axial distance of 10 mm from the face of the head-mass, the measured acoustic pressure was ∼12 Pa. Analytical and finite element model predictions and the measured behaviour of a prototype device are presented and show good correlation, demonstrating that magnetic prestressing of the drive-element can be a viable alternative to the traditional bolt-clamp.

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18

Arnela, Marc, Oriol Guasch, Patricia Sánchez-Martín, Joan Camps, Rosa Alsina-Pagès y Carme Martínez-Suquía. "Construction of an Omnidirectional Parametric Loudspeaker Consisting in a Spherical Distribution of Ultrasound Transducers". Sensors 18, n.º 12 (7 de diciembre de 2018): 4317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18124317.

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Omnidirectional sound sources are needed to perform a large variety of tests in acoustics. Typically, they consist of conventional speaker drivers arranged in a dodecahedron. However, the directivity of the speaker drivers sharpens with frequency, which induces an intense decrease of the sound pressure levels at the edges of the dodechaedron. In this work, the problem is mitigated by building an Omnidirectional Parametric Loudspeaker (OPL), which contains hundreds of small ultrasound transducers set on a sphere. Each transducer emits an ultrasonic carrier wave modulated by an audible signal. Thanks to nonlinear propagation, the air itself demodulates the signal bringing it back to the audible range. The construction of an OPL prototype is challenging. The structure has been built by 3D-printing a set of pieces that conform to the sphere. Each piece contains the exact location of the transducers, which are aligned in parallels to facilitate the structural assembly and the wiring. The performance of the OPL has been tested in an anechoic chamber. Measurements show that the OPL has a good omnidirectional behavior for most frequencies. It clearly improves the directivity of dodechaedral sources in the high frequency range, but performs worse at low frequencies.

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19

Schweitzer, P., E. Tisserand, A. Hamed, J. Andréa y F. Coutard. "Feedback sine wave driver design for ultrasonic transducers". European Physical Journal Applied Physics 47, n.º 1 (17 de febrero de 2009): 12703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap:2008181.

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20

Al-Budairi, Hassan, Patrick Harkness y Margaret Lucas. "A Strategy for Delivering High Torsionality in Longitudinal-Torsional Ultrasonic Devices". Applied Mechanics and Materials 70 (agosto de 2011): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.70.339.

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A composite longitudinal-torsional vibration mode has applications in ultrasonic motors, ultrasonic welding and ultrasonic drilling. There are two ways to obtain this vibration behaviour using a single transducer, namely (i) coupling of a longitudinal and a torsional mode, which is known to be difficult; and (ii) degenerating a longitudinal mode to deliver longitudinal-torsional behaviour at the horn tip. A mode-degenerating horn is achieved by incorporating helical or diagonal slits in an otherwise traditional exponential horn driven by a Langevin transducer. However, it is often difficult with this configuration to avoid coupling of unwanted bending modes, low responsiveness, and loss of ultrasonic energy due to boundaries between tuned components. Therefore, in this study the mode-degenerating characteristics are achieved by incorporating the helical slits and exponential geometry features in the front mass of the transducer itself. Finite element analysis and vibration experimental analysis show that this strategy prevents coupling of bending modes, increases responsiveness, and reduces energy losses. Most importantly the transducer delivers a very high torsionality.

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21

Kuai, Ji Cai. "A New Ultrasonic Honing Device with Ultra-Precision". Applied Mechanics and Materials 148-149 (diciembre de 2011): 664–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.148-149.664.

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The embedded transducer structure is used to put the transducer into the inside of the honing oil stone bed, which is directly driven by the transducer to vibrate and carry out the ultrasonic honing. Experiments show that honing efficiency of the device lowers by 50%, the roughness of honing surface Ra reaches 60nm - 30nm and the cylindricity comes to 10μm - 1μm, which is much higher than the traditional ultrasonic honing precision. This method solves a range of issues of complex structure, high manufacturing costs, not suitable for ultra-precise honing of the traditional ultrasonic honing head, and it is simple to process and easy to install with low manufacturing costs. Because there is no amplifying of horn, the amplitude is very small, which is especially suitable for ultra-precision honing.

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22

Angelsen, Bjorn. "Ultrasonic transducer probe with linear motion drive mechanism". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 85, n.º 3 (marzo de 1989): 1395–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.397370.

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23

Kang, Lei, Andrew Feeney, Riliang Su, David Lines, Sivaram Nishal Ramadas, George Rowlands y Steve Dixon. "Flow Velocity Measurement Using a Spatial Averaging Method with Two-Dimensional Flexural Ultrasonic Array Technology". Sensors 19, n.º 21 (4 de noviembre de 2019): 4786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19214786.

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Accurate average flow velocity determination is essential for flow measurement in many industries, including automotive, chemical, and oil and gas. The ultrasonic transit-time method is common for average flow velocity measurement, but current limitations restrict measurement accuracy, including fluid dynamic effects from unavoidable phenomena such as turbulence, swirls or vortices, and systematic flow meter errors in calibration or configuration. A new spatial averaging method is proposed, based on flexural ultrasonic array transducer technology, to improve measurement accuracy and reduce the uncertainty of the measurement results. A novel two-dimensional flexural ultrasonic array transducer is developed to validate this measurement method, comprising eight individual elements, each forming distinct paths to a single ultrasonic transducer. These paths are distributed in two chordal planes, symmetric and adjacent to a diametral plane. It is demonstrated that the root-mean-square deviation of the average flow velocity, computed using the spatial averaging method with the array transducer is 2.94%, which is lower compared to that of the individual paths ranging from 3.65% to 8.87% with an average of 6.90%. This is advantageous for improving the accuracy and reducing the uncertainty of classical single-path ultrasonic flow meters, and also for conventional multi-path ultrasonic flow meters through the measurement via each flow plane with reduced uncertainty. This research will drive new developments in ultrasonic flow measurement in a wide range of industrial applications.

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Huang, Zi Li y Wei Shan Chen. "Modeling and Simulation of the Ultrasonic Motor which Using Bending Vibration Transducer". Applied Mechanics and Materials 628 (septiembre de 2014): 240–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.628.240.

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Build the mathematical model and mechanical model of ultrasonic motor which using bending vibration transducer. Based on this model, analyze the contact and friction processes between driven-foot which belonging to ultrasonic motor which using bending vibration transducer and guide rail. Analyze the influence preload force make to the process of motor’s running. Take the cases of stick, slip, flight into consideration, and explain nonlinearity of the Dynamics. Do computer simulations of starting process though this model, and summarize the motor’s working results when it works under different conditions.

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Mezheritsky, Alex. "Ultrasonic Transceiver with a Regular/Periodic 1-3 Piezocomposite Based on the SAW Resonance Mode on Damping Backing". Acoustics 2, n.º 1 (18 de febrero de 2020): 110–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics2010008.

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A novel effective vibrational mode was discovered in the conventional transducer with an array of orthogonal (square) regular piezoelectric rods in 1-3 piezocomposite, containing the damping backing and front matching layers. The operational resonance in the structure was determined as the Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) on the backing boundary excited by the adjacent piezo-rods, with its frequency typically near 3 times lower the fundamental half-lambda conventional piezocomposite resonance. Pulse-echo sensitivity and transmitting sound pressure level (SPL) in air showed that the signal strength is roughly comparable to the industrial similar air transducers at the frequency range 100–700 kHz, where at these frequencies the lateral and longitudinal piezoelement dimensions in the conventional transducer design are typically close to each other causing interference with unwanted coupling modes. As was determined theoretically and proved in experiments, the backing SAW resonance effect in the transducer performance is inherent just to the regular periodic 1-3 piezocomposite structure and does occur neither with randomly located/oriented piezo-rods nor in the homogeneous piezo-plate at least with the same lateral cross-section as the connected to it backing. The purpose of the article is to investigate a newly discovered operational vibrational mode of a SAW type in 1-3 regular piezocomposite, other than piezoelectric resonance. The investigated phenomena can improve the transceiver sensitivity and bandwidth, providing lower drive voltage and smaller and lighter weight ultrasonic transducers. Based on the piezocomposites with thickness’ 1–1.5 mm (rod resonance near 2–3 MHz), pillar width 0.2–0.8 mm, kerf width 0.1–0.4 mm, the transceivers with an operating frequency from 140 kHz to 650 kHz were designed and fabricated with a conventional backing of a mixture of high-density tungsten powder and epoxy and a matching layer of a mixture of low-density glass bubbles and epoxy. Experimental evaluation of their acoustical performance showed expected characteristics suitable for practical applications.

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26

Aikins, Eric K. y David A. Brown. "Measurements of electromechanical impedance to determine effects of pressure and temperature on underwater acoustic transducers". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, n.º 4 (abril de 2022): A248. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0011216.

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Underwater electroacoustic transducers can be subjected to large static pressures, wide range of temperature, and high operational electric fields causing internal heating. These conditions can adversely impact the performance of transducers including transmit output source level, reliability, survivability, useable bandwidth, tuning and matching to the amplifier, and efficiency. A low cost electroacoustic impedance measurement system was implemented with an air-pressurized mechanical transformer using SCUBA tanks to investigate transducer properties to 1,500 PSI. Subsequently, a water pressurized tank was used to 10 000 psi (or 7000 m of equivalent depth). A variety of underwater cylindrical transducers were tested and the changes in electromechanical properties (dielectric constant, capacitance, loss-tangent, mechanical compliance, piezoelectric d-constant, and effective coupling constant) were measured dynamically using the impedance methods. An analytical model was developed with a GUI to predict acoustic performance and tuning for different operational (depth, temperature, and drive level) conditions. Cylindrical transducers of oil-filled and polyurethane filled designs were shown to have moderate changes in electromechanical properties to pressures of 10 000 psi.

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27

Pogliarini, John A. "Stack driver flexural disc transducer". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, n.º 5 (noviembre de 1991): 2874. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401847.

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28

Yan, Zhen Rong, Jun Si, Xiao Ming Luo y Huai Shu Hou. "Research on a Ultrasonic Detection Method about Disfigurements of Press Roll". Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (enero de 2014): 1758–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.881-883.1758.

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To detect the disfigurements of the press roll, the dual-crystal longitudinal wave transducer and dual-crystal creeping wave transducer are applied in this study. With the help of the machine driven system and rotary encoder, the automatic ultrasonic detection of the press roll is realized, and the test results indicate that the detection system is reliable so that the press roll quality can be assured.

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29

Tai, Hidekazu y Tsutomu Kobayashi. "Broadband Transducer for Diagnostics Using a Plano-Concave Ultrasonic Transducer Driven by Chirp Wave". Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 42, Part 1, No. 5B (30 de mayo de 2003): 3031–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1143/jjap.42.3031.

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30

Azuara, Guillermo y Eduardo Barrera. "Influence and Compensation of Temperature Effects for Damage Detection and Localization in Aerospace Composites". Sensors 20, n.º 15 (26 de julio de 2020): 4153. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154153.

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Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers (CFRP) has become, recently, in a promising methodology for the field of Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI), specially based on Ultrasonic Guided Waves (UGW), particularly Lamb waves using Piezoelectric Transducers (PZT). However, the Environmental and Operational Conditions (EOC) perform an important role on the physical characteristics of the waves, mainly the temperature. Some of these effects are phase shifting, amplitude changes and time of flight (ToF) variations. In this paper, a compensation method for evaluating and compensating the effects of the temperature is carried out, performing a data-driven methodology to calculate the features from a dataset of typical temperature values obtained from a thermoset matrix pristine plate, with a transducer network attached. In addition, the methodology is tested on the same sample after an impact damage is carried out on it, using RAPID (Reconstruction Algorithm for Probabilistic Inspection of Damage) and its geometrical variant (RAPID-G) to calculate the location of the damage.

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31

Porzio, Raymond. "Outboard‐driven flextensional transducer". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 90, n.º 4 (octubre de 1991): 2215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.401609.

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32

Li, Tao, Yan Hong Chen, Jan Ma y F. Y. C. Boey. "Metal-PZT Composite Piezoelectric Transducers and Ultrasonic Motors". Key Engineering Materials 334-335 (marzo de 2007): 1073–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.334-335.1073.

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Rotary and linear ultrasonic motors were developed in the present paper using metal-PZT composite piezoelectric stator transducer configuration. The transducer consists of a concentric PZT tube and a metal tube, which structurally improve the reliability of the stator transducer. The developed transducer can provide a free vibration velocity of 0.9 m/s under 100 Vp-p at the resonant state. The rotary motor and linear motor use the developed transducer as the driving component, which produces the rotational motion to drive the motor. The rotary motor is able to achieve about 700 rpm no-load speed, above 2 mNm torque, maximum 70 mW output power and 50% efficiency under driving voltage of 80 Vp-p. The linear motor produces rotational motion and linear motion simultaneously. The linear speed of 5 mm/s can be achieved under the driving voltage of 50 Vp-p under no-load state. Under the loaded state, maximum 8 N load has been observed to be moved by the motor at a speed of 0.6 m/s. The maximum output power and efficiency of the linear motor are 9 mW and 11%, respectively.

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33

Erickson, D. J. "Moment bender transducer drive". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 98, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1995): 1256. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.413533.

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34

Zhangfan, Weishan Chen, Junkao Liu y Xuetao Zhao. "Control of an ultrasonic transducer to realize low speed driven". Ultrasonics 44 (diciembre de 2006): e569-e574. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2006.05.054.

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35

Satonobu, Jun, Manabu Kihara, Yoshikazu Koike, Kentaro Nakamura y Sadayuki Ueha. "Electrical series connection drive for several hybrid-transducer ultrasonic motors". Electronics and Communications in Japan (Part III: Fundamental Electronic Science) 81, n.º 12 (diciembre de 1998): 11–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1520-6440(199812)81:12<11::aid-ecjc2>3.0.co;2-u.

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36

Nagarajan, R., S. Jain, M. A. Prabhudesai, A. Khanolkar, M. P. Reddy, M. S. Kumar, R. Vetrimurugan, P. Sundin, S. Thottathil y M. J. Goodson. "Megasonic Cleaning to Remove Nano-Dimensional Contaminants from Wafer Surfaces: An Analytical Study". Solid State Phenomena 195 (diciembre de 2012): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.195.209.

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Megasonic cleaning traditionally refers to use of acoustic fields in the 800 kHz 1 MHz range to remove contaminants adhered to surfaces immersed in liquid media. However, even fields driven by frequencies in the > 400 kHz regime exhibit virtually all characteristics of conventional megasonics. These include: unidirectional pumped flow of liquid (acoustic streaming) normal to the transducer, at velocities that scale as square of frequency; and, a near-absence of cavitational phenomena associated with ultrasonic cleaning. For the latter reason, megasonic cleaning is preferred over ultrasonics when attempting to remove contaminants from delicate, fragile, erodible or feature-rich surfaces. Silicon wafer cleaning in semiconductor manufacturing, integrated circuit cleaning, and printed circuit board cleaning have utilized megasonics (with appropriate chemistry) for several decades. The megasonic frequency offers the additional benefit of a very thin boundary layer over the immersed surface, which effectively exposes even sub-micron and nanodimensional particles to the flow of the cleaning liquid.

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37

Song, Hongwei, Ming Li, Chaoquan Wu, Qingchuan Wang, Shunke Wei, Mingxing Wang y Wenhui Ma. "Data-Driven Methodology for the Prediction of Fluid Flow in Ultrasonic Production Logging Data Processing". Geofluids 2022 (15 de marzo de 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5637971.

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A new method for the determination of oil and water flow rates in vertical upward oil-water two-phase pipe flows has been proposed. This method consists of an application of machine learning techniques on the probability density function (PDF) and the power spectral density (PSD) of the power spectrum output of an ultrasonic Doppler sensor in the pipe. The power spectrum characteristic parameters of the two-phase flow are first determined by the probability density function (PDF) method. Then, the transducer signal is preprocessed by distance correlation analysis (DCA), and independent features are extracted by principal component analysis (PCA). The extracted features are used as input to a least-squares fit, which gave the oil flow rates as output. In the same way, the transducer signal is also preprocessed by partial correlation analysis (PCA), and independent features were extracted using independent component analysis (ICA). The extracted features were used as inputs to multilayer back-propagation neural networks, which water cuts as output. The present method was used to calibrate an ultrasonic Doppler sensor to estimate the flow rates of both phases in oil–water flow in a vertical pipe of diameter 159 mm. Predictions of the present method were in good agreement with direct flow rate measurements. Compared to previously used methods of feature extraction from the ultrasonic Doppler power spectrum signals, the present method provides a theoretical basis for the interpretation of ultrasonic multiphase flow logging data. Ultrasonic multiphase flow logging has potential application value in the production profile logging and interpretation evaluation of production wells with low fluid production and high water cut.

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38

Porzio, Raymond. "Longitudinally driven slotted cylinder transducer". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 128, n.º 3 (2010): 1557. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.3490342.

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39

Davis, Sachin, Nathan Salowitz, Lucas Beversdorf y Marcia R. Silva. "The Effect of Various Parameters on a Portable Sensor for the Detection of Thin Biofilms in Water Pipes". Sensors 21, n.º 13 (28 de junio de 2021): 4421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21134421.

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The use of high-frequency strain waves to perform examinations and note measurements is referred to as ultrasonic testing (UT). UT is commonly used for the detection or evaluation of flaws and characterization of materials, among other applications. A standard ultrasonic inspection system comprises a pulser/receiver, transducer, and display devices. The pulser/receiver produces electrical pulses of high voltage. The transducer generates high-frequency ultrasonic energy after being driven by the pulser. The reflected wave is then converted into an electrical signal by the transducer and is displayed on a screen. The reflected signal strength versus the time plot helps to glean information regarding the features of a defect. In this paper, we discuss the experiments performed in a laboratory setting to determine ultrasound-based biofilm sensor sensitivity in relation to changes in the surrounding environment of temperature, concentration, turbidity, and conductivity of the liquid passing through the system. The effect of the change in frequency of the sensors was also studied. The sensors being developed are small and compact, portable, can be placed on the outer walls of the desired surface, use digital signal processing techniques, and the biofilm presence on the inner walls of the surface can be monitored.

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40

Hata, Yoshiaki. "Drive mechanism employing electromechanical transducer". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 117, n.º 6 (2005): 3350. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.1948229.

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41

Krieg, Fabian, Jan Kirchhof, Eduardo Pérez, Thomas Schwender, Florian Römer y Ahmad Osman. "Locally Optimal Subsampling Strategies for Full Matrix Capture Measurements in Pipe Inspection". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 9 (10 de mayo de 2021): 4291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11094291.

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In ultrasonic non-destructive testing, array and matrix transducers are being employed for applications that require in-field steerability or which benefit from a higher number of insonification angles. Having many transmit channels, on the other hand, increases the measurement time and renders the use of array transducers unfeasible for many applications. In the literature, methods for reducing the number of required channels compared to the full matrix capture scheme have been proposed. Conventionally, these are based on choosing the aperture that is as wide as possible. In this publication, we investigate a scenario from the field of pipe inspection, where cracks have to be detected in specific areas near the weld. Consequently, the width of the aperture has to be chosen according to the region of interest at hand. On the basis of ray-tracing simulations which incorporate a model of the transducer directivity and beam spread at the interface, we derive application specific measures of the energy distribution over the array configuration for given regions of interest. These are used to determine feasible subsampling schemes. For the given scenario, the validity/quality of the derived subsampling schemes are compared on the basis of reconstructions using the conventional total focusing method as well as sparsity driven-reconstructions using the Fast Iterative Shrinkage-Thresholding Algorithm. The results can be used to effectively improve the measurement time for the given application without notable loss in defect detectability.

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42

Norling, Brian L. "Magnetically driven vibrating beam force transducer". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 89, n.º 3 (marzo de 1991): 1484. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.400590.

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43

Harada, Yuki, Mutsuo Ishikawa, Shuto Inamoto, Hidehisa Suzuyama, Mami Matsukawa y Daisuke Koyama. "Evaluation of acousto-optic effect in liquid using high-frequency and high-intensity ultrasound". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, n.º 4 (octubre de 2022): A261. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0016207.

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Piezoelectric thin film transducers that can receive and transmit high-frequency and high-intensity ultrasound are powerful tools for future medical and industrial applications. Our group has developed acousto-optic devices where the refractive index can be controlled at high speed and high precision using ultrasound, but there are few reports on the interaction between high-frequency (tens to hundreds MHz) and high-intensity (MPa) ultrasound and visible light in liquids. In this study, we evaluated the acousto-optic interaction using polarized CW laser (532 nm) and a piezoelectric KNbO3 thin film transducer formed by hydrothermal method. The transducer was driven continuously at the fundamental or higher resonance frequencies (32, 96, 160, or 210 MHz) in a water cell, and the projection light of a laser beam penetrating perpendicularly to the sound axis was observed. The length of the projection light was elongated in the sound axis on the screen as the driving frequency increased. These results implies that the relationship between the wavelength of ultrasound and the laser beam width is the critical parameter for the acousto-optic phenomenon; the profile of the projection light is dependent on a ratio of the wavelength of ultrasound and the beam width of the laser beam.

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44

Rolt, Kenneth D. "Flextensional electroacoustic transducer with hydrostatically compression‐loaded driver". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 87, n.º 4 (abril de 1990): 1828–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.399393.

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45

Maznev, A. A., Kara J. Manke, Kung-Hsuan Lin, Keith A. Nelson, Chi-Kuang Sun y Jen-Inn Chyi. "Broadband terahertz ultrasonic transducer based on a laser-driven piezoelectric semiconductor superlattice". Ultrasonics 52, n.º 1 (enero de 2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultras.2011.07.007.

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46

Hidayat, Darmawan, Taofik Ismail, Nendi Suhendi Syafei y Bambang Mukti Wibawa. "Generator Pulsa Spike Terprogram untuk Pemicu Transduser Ultrasonik". JTERA (Jurnal Teknologi Rekayasa) 3, n.º 2 (9 de diciembre de 2018): 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.31544/jtera.v3.i2.2018.295-302.

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Salah satu metode pembangkitan gelombang ultrasonik berbasis piezoelektrik adalah dengan memicu transduser oleh pulsa singkat dan tegangan tinggi. Pulsa ini dapat dibangkitkan dengan pensaklaran (switching) tegangan tinggi searah (DC) oleh pulsa penggerak (drive). Makalah ini menyajikan perancangan dan fabrikasi generator pulsa-singkat tegangan-tinggi repetitif terprogram dengan berbasis mikrokontroler ATMEGA 128. Pulsa dibangkitkan dari mikrokontroler ATMega sehingga interval dan skala repetisi dapat diatur melalui tombol input. Parameter-parameter pulsa tersebut ditampilkan pada peraga LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) untuk mempermudah pengguna dalam operasional generator. Pulsa dari mikrokontroler diubah menjadi lebar pulsa yang lebih singkat melalui sebuah multivibrator monostabil. Pulsa dari multivibrator selanjutnya diubah menjadi sinyal singkat level +15V sebagai input gerbang MOSFET untuk pensaklaran tegangan tinggi DC lalu dikonversi menjadi sinyal spike negatif. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa pulsa singkat repetitif terprogram dapat dibangkitkan untuk pensaklaran tegangan DC oleh MOSFET. Lebar pulsa sinyal spike negatif dibangkitkan hingga 100 ns. Sinyal ini mampu memicu transduser 1 MHz untuk pembangkitan gelombang ultrasonik. Berdasarkan pengujian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa generator dapat membangkitkan sinyal spike negatif dengan repetisi yang terprogram dan sesuai dengan frekuensi kerja transduser ultrasonik.

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47

Robichaud, Alexandre, Dominic Deslandes, Paul-Vahé Cicek y Frederic Nabki. "A System in Package Based on a Piezoelectric Micromachined Ultrasonic Transducer Matrix for Ranging Applications". Sensors 21, n.º 8 (7 de abril de 2021): 2590. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21082590.

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This paper proposes a system in package (SiP) for ultrasonic ranging composed of a 4 × 8 matrix of piezoelectric micromachined ultrasonic transducers (PMUT) and an interface integrated circuit (IC). The PMUT matrix is fabricated using the PiezoMUMPS process and the IC is implemented in the AMS 0.35 µm technology. Simulation results for the PMUT are compared to the measurement results, and an equivalent circuit has been derived to allow a better approximation of the load of the PMUT on the IC. The control circuit is composed of a high-voltage pulser to drive the PMUT for transmission and of a transimpedance amplifier to amplify the received echo. The working frequency of the system is 1.5 MHz.

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48

Fowlkes, J. Brian. "From sonar to medical ultrasound—The impact of Paul Langevin". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, n.º 4 (octubre de 2022): A30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015435.

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The technical developments and discoveries of Paul Langevin figuratively and literally powered an incredible spectrum of scientific achievement. The quartz transducer technology of his 1918 patent ( Procédé et appareils d'émission et de réception des ondes élastiques sous-marines à l'aide des propriétés piézo-électriques du quartz. – French Patent No. 505,703) enabled a level of acoustic output power generally unavailable at ultrasonic frequencies along with an increase in detection sensitivity. While there were disputes as to who should have been included on this patent, its effect on the field of ultrasonics is clear. The impetus for this work was largely high-power sonar for military application but his reported observations of effects on fish and even humans ushered in a new era of ultrasound bioeffects investigations including those of the famous Loomis Laboratory and numerous others. This is arguably the genesis of the rich tradition of research in ultrasound bioeffects and helped drive the pursuit of diagnostic and therapeutic applications of ultrasound including work by such famous researchers as the Fry Brothers. This presentation will review the evolution of bioeffects from the Langevin’s work and its impact on the field of medical ultrasound.

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49

Li, He, Yi Shen, Qingchuan Wang, Yinchao Wang, Deen Bai y Zongquan Deng. "A Piezoelectric-Driven Rock-Drilling Device for Extraterrestrial Subsurface Exploration". Shock and Vibration 2018 (2 de julio de 2018): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/8368012.

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The rocks on extraterrestrial objects contain plenty of original geological and biological information. Drilling and sampling are an essential task in lunar exploration or future explorations of other planets like mars. Due to the limitation of payloads, energies, and drill pressure, the investigation of a lightweight and low-powered rock-drilling device is crucial for explorations of distant celestial bodies. The ultrasonic drill driven by piezoelectric ceramics is a new drilling device that can adapt to the arduous space rock-drilling tasks in weak gravitational fields. An ultrasonic drill suitable for mounting on a planetary rover’s robotic arm is developed. The ultrasonic transducer’s energy conversion from electric energy to acoustic energy and the energy transmission from the horn’s high-frequency vibration to the drill stem’s low-frequency impact motion are analyzed to guide the design of the drill. To deeply understand the percussive drilling mechanism under high-speed impact, the interaction between the drill stem and the rock is simulated using LS-DYNA software. Drilling experiments on rocks with different hardness grades are conducted. The experiment results illustrate that the ultrasonic drill can penetrate into the hard rocks only taking a force of 6 N and a power consumption of 15 W. The study of ultrasonic drill will provide a reference method for sample collection of extraterrestrial rocks.

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50

Ohtsuka, Yusuke. "Evaluation of Ultrasonic Wave Generation using Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer with Current Driven Circuit". IEEJ Transactions on Fundamentals and Materials 131, n.º 11 (2011): 900–907. http://dx.doi.org/10.1541/ieejfms.131.900.

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