Artículos de revistas: "Ultra-high towers"

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Wang, Fei, Ke Du, Jingjiang Sun, Fuyun Huang y Zhenghui Xiong. "Shaking Table Array Tests of an Ultra-High-Voltage Cup-Type Transmission Tower-Line System". Shock and Vibration 2019 (11 de diciembre de 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2350675.

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Ultra-high-voltage (UHV) cup-type transmission towers supported with long-span transmission lines are unavoidably subjected to the coupling action between the towers and the transmission lines. Therefore, investigating how tower-line coupling affects UHV cup-type transmission towers is important. In this study, three shaking table array tests of an UHV cup-type transmission tower-line system were carried out to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the coupling action between the towers and transmission lines based on the following four comparative models: a single-tower model, a single-tower model with suspended lumped masses, a three-tower-two-line model, and a five-tower-four-line model. The test results demonstrated that the tower-line coupling interaction had a significant effect on the dynamic characteristics and seismic responses, as the suspended conductor line and the suspended lumped mass decreased the frequency of the transmission tower. Under longitudinal ground motion, the model with the suspended lumped mass had the lowest peak acceleration response and the largest peak displacement response. Under the same ground motion, the four models had similar peak strains in the longitudinal direction. Under transverse-the-line ground motion, the model with the suspended lumped mass had the lowest peak acceleration response and the smallest peak responses for displacement and strain in the transverse direction; therefore, this model is inappropriate for the simulation and seismic evaluation of transmission tower-line systems.

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2

Xu, Ke Ju, Lei Yang, Da Da Wang, Chao Zhou, Shao Quan Zhang, Qing Jun Peng y Xiao Ming Rui. "Parametrical Finite Element Modeling of Overhead Transmission Line-Towers System". Applied Mechanics and Materials 313-314 (marzo de 2013): 809–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.313-314.809.

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With large-scale development of ultra high-transmission network, the structure of transmission line-towers system tends to the tower higher, the cross-section of transmission lines larger and span between towers longer. As the increasing of transmission lines voltage grade, transmission line-towers system has higher requirements on static and dynamic stability. It is difficult for traditional design method to meet the demands of new transmission line-towers, not to mention shorten the design cycle, improve design quality. In this paper, we establish overhead transmission line-towers system model based on parameterized finite element method, by gradually increasing the thickness of the icing, iced load, wind load, weight, mechanical properties under the action of the load and the conductor tension. The analysis results show that the model can effectively reflect the mechanical properties of the transmission towers, and improve the quality of the design, greatly shortening the design cycle.

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3

Zheng, Ni Na, Ying Min Li, Jing Zhao y Zheng Lun Chen. "Seismic Design Scope of Tower Structures for UHV Transmission Lines on the Zone of Earthquake Fortification Intensity 8". Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (enero de 2012): 3730–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.3730.

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The seismic action effects of tower structures for ultra-high-voltage(UHV, upon 750KV) overhead transmission lines are much greater than those of 500KV and below, it is necessary to inspect the control load in structural design and specify the seismic design scope of tower structures for these UHV transmission lines. In this paper, the current regulations of seismic design and non-seismic design of tower structures for overhead transmission line were contrasted firstly; then, a series of typical towers including large-crossing towers and cup-towers at soft sites, on the zone of earthquake fortification intensity region of 8, were analyzed. The ratios of seismic action effects and wind load effects for characteristic value were calculated and the control load in structural design of tower structure was investigated. The results show that, although the height and the weigth of tower structures for UHV transmission lines are increasing, the control load in structural design is still the wind load on the zone of earthquake fortification intensity region of 8 and below.

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4

Xu, Feiya, Wenbing Guo y Jianli Li. "Study on Protective Coal Pillar Size Design for Ultra High Voltage Line Tower Mining in Mountain Areas". Designs 3, n.º 2 (4 de abril de 2019): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/designs3020020.

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High voltage line towers in mining areas are sensitive to surface deformation caused by mining. Protective coal pillar design for high voltage towers is one of the commonly-used technical measures. Aiming to solve the coal mining safety problem under the Ultra High Voltage transmission line in Sihe Coal Mine of Shanxi Province, the angle and size of protective coal pillars with the vertical line method were analyzed in this paper. The effect of additional displacement caused by landslide or slippage mining in mountain areas and repeated mining was considered. Based on the principle of the vertical line method, the protective coal pillar range and size were calculated. The amount of coal deposited in coal pillars for high voltage line towers was compared and analyzed between the vertical line method and the linear structure method. The results showed that the angle of critical deformation decreased by 2~10° caused by slippage due to mining in a mountainous area, and the angle in the uphill direction of building decreased more than that in the downhill direction; when multi-seams were mined repeatedly, the angle of critical deformation in the lower seam coal mining was reduced by 5~10° compared with that of the upper seam. The protective coal pillar design with the vertical line method can protect the high voltage line towers more effectively, and the amount of protective coal pillars with the vertical line method was 5.8 million tons less, which avoided the waste of coal resources.

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5

Jabbar, Sarah, Farzad Hejazi, Ammar N. Hanoon y Rizal S. M. Rashid. "DAMAGE DETECTION FOR UHPFRC COMMUNICATION TOWER BASED ON FREQUENCY DATA AND PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION". JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 25, n.º 6 (3 de junio de 2019): 495–517. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jcem.2019.8002.

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Advances in the telecommunication and broadcasting sectors have increased the need for networking equipment of communication towers. Slender structures, such as towers, are sensitive to dynamic loads, such as vibration forces. Therefore, the stability and reliability performance of towers can be maintained effectively through the prompt detection, localization, and quantification of structural damages by obtaining the dynamic frequency response of towers. However, frequency analysis for damaged structures requires long computational procedures and is difficult to perform because of the damages in real structures, particularly in towers. Therefore, this study proposed a correlation factor that can identify the relationship between frequenciesunderhealthy and damaged conditions of ultra high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) communication towers using particle swarm optimization. The finite element method was implemented to simulate three UHPFRC communication towers, and an experimental test was conducted to validate and verify the developed correlation factor

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6

Jiang, Baolong, Shuyan Ji, Yingmin Li, Pu Yang, Yangyang Tang y Zhikun Chen. "DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF CONNECTION TYPES FOR ULTRA-HIGH-RISE TWIN-TOWER STRUCTURE LEARNING". NED University Journal of Research 3, Special Issue on First SACEE'19 (12 de diciembre de 2019): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.35453/nedjr-stmech-2019-0039.

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One of key issues of designing connected structure is the design of the connecting body between towers. This paper presents the analysis of different connecting body design schemes based on a 202.15 m (663 ft) twin-tower ultra-high-rise structure connected by a connecting truss. The influence of height and type of connection on the entire building structure was studied by comparing storey shear forces and drift of structure. The results indicated that the connection type between the connecting body and main structure has little influence on the building structure performance. Finite element analysis of the connecting body indicated that the internal force characteristic of rigid connection type is better compared to the hinge connection type. Furthermore, the connecting truss design based on inclined braces connected by hinge joint is superior compared to the rigid joints.

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7

Szołomicki, Jerzy y Hanna Golasz-Szołomicka. "The Modern Trend of Super Slender Residential Buildings". Budownictwo i Architektura 20, n.º 1 (9 de febrero de 2021): 083–116. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/bud-arch.2068.

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The purpose of this paper is to present a new skyscraper typology which has developed over the recent years – super-tall and slender, needle-like residential towers. This trend appeared on the construction market along with the progress of advanced structural solutions and the high demand for luxury apartments with spectacular views. Two types of constructions can be distinguished within this typology: ultra-luxury super-slim towers with the exclusivity of one or two apartments per floor (e.g. located in Manhattan, New York) and other slender high-rise towers, built in Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Hong Kong, Bangkok, and Melbourne, among others, which have multiple apartments on each floor. This paper presents a survey of selected slender high-rise buildings, where structural improvements in tall buildings developed over the recent decade are considered from the architectural and structural view.

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8

Guo, Xianshan, Ying Fu, Jingqiu Yu y Zheng Xu. "A Non-Uniform Transmission Line Model of the ±1100 kV UHV Tower". Energies 12, n.º 3 (30 de enero de 2019): 445. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030445.

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The modeling of the Ultra-High Voltage (UHV) tower plays an important role in lightning protection analysis of transmission lines because the model used will directly affect the reliability of the results. Moreover, the higher the voltage level is, the more prominent the impact becomes. This paper first analyzes the inapplicability of the Hara multi-segment multi-surge impedance model for the ±1100 kV UHV towers, and then builds a non-uniform transmission line model of the tower. Secondly, the multi-segment multi-surge impedance model is used to study the influence of the tower’s spatial structure changes on its electromagnetic transient characteristics. It is concluded that the more accurately the nominal height of the tower is modeled, the more accurately its electromagnetic transient response is reflected. Finally, the lightning electromagnetic transient responses of the tower with the non-uniform transmission line model and with the multi-segment multi-surge impedance model are compared and analyzed, which shows that the non-uniform transmission line model is more in line with the actual situation under the lightning strikes.

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9

Gao, Jiachen, Linong Wang, Qiushi Zhang y Bin Song. "Modeling of Positive Switching Impulse Discharge of UHV Transmission Line Air Gaps". Applied Sciences 8, n.º 12 (12 de diciembre de 2018): 2594. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8122594.

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Positive switching impulse discharge characteristics are an important basis for the external insulation design of transmission line towers. At present, the characteristics are obtained mainly by real tower discharge tests. Since the existing research on the discharge model is not perfect, test designs are not reasonable, which results in high costs. The influence of line height and tower width on the discharge characteristics of Ultra High Voltage (UHV) transmission lines air gaps is studied in this paper. The results show that the line height had little influence on the breakdown voltage of air gaps in UHV transmission lines. A tower-width discharge model was obtained by fitting the breakdown voltage of air gaps with different gap lengths and tower widths. By analyzing the gap characteristic factors of different transmission lines, a discharge model of different tower air gaps in UHV transmission lines was presented. The breakdown voltage calculated by the models was in good agreement with the test results, and the errors were not more than 5%.

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10

Nakazawa, Masataka. "Proposal of multifunctional coherent Nyquist pulse and ultra-high-speed and high-efficiency optical transmission technology". Impact 2020, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 2020): 18–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2020.2.18.

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A cornerstone of technological advancement in the last century has been the development of ever faster and higher capacity telecommunications. Being able to transmit large amounts of information, at a good rate over long distances is essential for running many of the services, business and industries that we all rely upon. The development of large national and international telecommunication networks underpins the internet and, with it, the World Wide Web. All this powers a huge range of diverse activities as security services, the entertainment industry, national health services and distribution. As more and more people are connected to this network and more and more information is transmitted between these people, the capacity of the network must increase. This can broadly be split into two categories: access – the laying of cables and construction of mobile towers, technology – the creation of improved data transmitting methods that can transmit more data, at a faster rate, further away. The former is a question of private enterprise and public policy, the latter is the domain of engineers and physicists. Professor Masataka Nakazawa, who is based at the Research Institute of Electrical Communication, Tohoku University in Japan, is a world-leading expert in optical telecommunications. Nakazawa and his team have a mission to create new methods through which data can be transmitted using optical networks, recently they have consistently broken records for speed, capacity and efficiency in their cutting-edge optical communication technologies.

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11

GAMA, P. V. C. N. y T. N. BITTENCOURT. "Economic viability of ultra high-performance fiber reinforced concrete in prestressed concrete wind towers to support a 5 MW turbine". Revista IBRACON de Estruturas e Materiais 10, n.º 1 (febrero de 2017): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1983-41952017000100002.

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Abstract The Ultra-High Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete is a material with remarkable mechanical properties and durability when compared to conventional and high performance concrete, which allows its use even without the reinforcement. This paper proposes the design of prestressed towers for a 5 MW turbine, through regulatory provisions and the limit states method, with UHPFRC and the concrete class C50, comparing the differences obtained in the design by parametric analysis, giving the advantages and disadvantages of using this new type of concrete. Important considerations, simplifications and notes are made to the calculation process, as well as in obtaining the prestressing and passive longitudinal and passive transverse reinforcement, highlighting the shear strength of annular sections comparing a model proposed here with recent experimental results present in the literature, which was obtained good agreement. In the end, it is estimated a first value within the constraints here made to ensure the economic viability of the use of UHPFRC in a 100 m prestressed wind tower with a 5 MW turbine.

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12

Guimond, Stephen R., Gerald M. Heymsfield y F. Joseph Turk. "Multiscale Observations of Hurricane Dennis (2005): The Effects of Hot Towers on Rapid Intensification". Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences 67, n.º 3 (1 de marzo de 2010): 633–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2009jas3119.1.

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Abstract A synthesis of remote sensing and in situ observations throughout the life cycle of Hurricane Dennis (2005) during the NASA Tropical Cloud Systems and Processes (TCSP) experiment is presented. Measurements from the ER-2 Doppler radar (EDOP), the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU), airborne radiometer, and flight-level instruments are used to provide a multiscale examination of the storm. The main focus is an episode of deep convective bursts (“hot towers”) occurring during a mature stage of the storm and preceding a period of rapid intensification (11-hPa pressure drop in 1 h 35 min). The vigorous hot towers penetrated to 16-km height, had maximum updrafts of 20 m s−1 at 12–14-km height, and possessed a strong transverse circulation through the core of the convection. Significant downdrafts (maximum of 10–12 m s−1) on the flanks of the updrafts were observed, with their cumulative effects hypothesized to result in the observed increases in the warm core. In one ER-2 overpass, subsidence was transported toward the eye by 15–20 m s−1 inflow occurring over a deep layer (0.5–10 km) coincident with a hot tower. Fourier analysis of the AMSU satellite measurements revealed a large shift in the storm’s warm core structure, from asymmetric to axisymmetric, ∼12 h after the convective bursts began. In addition, flight-level wind calculations of the axisymmetric tangential velocity and inertial stability showed a contraction of the maximum winds and an increase in the stiffness of the vortex, respectively, after the EDOP observations. The multiscale observations presented here reveal unique, ultra-high-resolution details of hot towers and their coupling to the parent vortex, the balanced dynamics of which can be generally explained by the axisymmetrization and efficiency theories.

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13

Gao, Xiuyun, Rong Yi, Lingquan Zhang, Xiao Jiang y Jiaxiang Li. "Failure Analysis of Transmission Tower in Full-Scale Tests". Buildings 12, n.º 4 (22 de marzo de 2022): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12040389.

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With the rapid development of Ultra-High Voltage (UHV) transmission lines, it is necessary to study the performance of UHV transmission towers. First, we performed full-scale tests on a transmission tower under seven loading patterns. Then, the test results were compared with the calculation results of the Chinese tower design software Transmission Tower Analysis Program (TTA), and the failure location of the tower and the stress characteristics of the key parts were studied. Finally, we discuss the influence of bolt slippage and a new joint on the tower performance, and propose some design proposals for the current Chinese code, based on the test results. The results show that a bolt slip will significantly increase the displacement of the transmission tower, but the residual displacement can correct it. The new joint design has good mechanical performance. The bracing member at the bottom of the tower leg is located at the connection of the tower leg and the foundation, and there is a significant sudden change in stiffness, which we recommend designing according to 4% of the axial force of the main members.

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14

Omar Bakarman, Mohammed Ahmed, Muhammad Ikhsan Setiawan y Adi Prawito. "Study of the Stability in the High Building: Case Study in Burj Dubai, UAE". Neutron 22, n.º 2 (23 de febrero de 2023): 79–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.29138/neutron.v22i2.182.

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Many people today live in urban cities and it is increasing every year, because of their need to live and work and This paper summarizes the solutions and the importance of stability in high-rise buildings and their tolerance of earthquakes and winds, and all that is needed for the stability of the building and to solve the problems that occur in particular and in detail Highlighted are the key connections of the tallest and ultra-slender buildings that have been designed and built for the world's tallest buildings. He talks about high-rise towers in general and about Burj Dubai in particular, and there will be what the engineers said and suggested before, and I will conclude in a simple way.

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15

Zhou, M., Y. Liu, M. Gao y GQ Zhu. "Research on Transverse Restraint System of Cable-stayed Bridge under Ultra High Performance Concrete Deck Pavement". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2158, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2022): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2158/1/012020.

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Abstract In order to explore the optimal lateral restraint system for long-span cable-stayed bridges under ultra-high performance concrete deck pavement. This paper takes a UHPC deck pavement cable-stayed bridge as an example, selects four different lateral restraint systems, calculates the stress of each key section of the cable-stayed bridge under the action of an earthquake, and then selects the optimal lateral Constraint system. The research results show that when ultra-high performance concrete is used as the bridge deck pavement, the increase in the quality of the bridge deck system will have a greater adverse effect on the seismic performance of the bridge. Compare the internal force response and displacement response at each key section of the bridge under four different lateral restraint systems under earthquake action. Compared with the other three systems, the internal force response and displacement response value of the horizontal cable system is smaller, and the energy dissipation and shock absorption effect is better. For cable-stayed bridges using ultra-high performance concrete as the deck pavement, in the selection of the lateral restraint system, a restraint system of cables is set between the towers and beams, which can better reduce the impact of the increase in the quality of the bridge deck on the seismic performance of the bridge, is the most reasonable horizontal restraint method. Considering the internal force and displacement response of the bridge structure and the safety of the support under the earthquake, the parameter selection of the cable support is k = 135000 kN / m and S = 0.4 m.

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Fu, Xing, Yao Jiang, Wen-Long Du y Bo-Wen Yan. "A New Radial Spoiler for Suppressing Vortex-Induced Vibration of a Tubular Tower and Its Practical Design Method". Shock and Vibration 2021 (27 de septiembre de 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6971178.

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Circular section tubular members with smaller wind load shape coefficient and higher stability are widely used in ultra-high-voltage (UHV) transmission towers. However, the tubular members, especially those with a large slenderness ratio, are prone to vortex-induced vibration (VIV) within a specific wind speed range. The sustained vibration of members can easily cause fatigue failure of joints and threaten the operational safety of transmission lines. Consequently, a novel countermeasure for the VIV of tubular towers using a new type of radial spoiler is proposed, whose mechanism is to change the vortex shedding frequency by destroying the large-scale vortexes into small-scale vortexes. Then, the parametric analysis of different variables is carried out based on the orthogonal experiment and numerical simulation, including the height H and length B of the spoiler and the distance S between adjacent spoilers. The results show that the above three parameters all have significant influences on vortex shedding frequency. Additionally, a practical design method of the new radial spoiler is proposed, and the recommended values of H, B, and S are 1D∼2D, 1.5H∼3H, and 5D∼12.5D, respectively, where D is the diameter of the tubular member. Finally, a numerical verification of the suppression effects is carried out, demonstrating that the proposed quick design method is simple and reliable, which can be widely used in the VIV design of tubular towers.

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17

Li, Zhengliang, Zhisong Wang, Jiahong Li y Siyuan Liu. "Experimental Study on Vortex-Induced Vibration of Steel Tubes in Transmission Towers at Various Inflow Conditions". Buildings 13, n.º 1 (16 de enero de 2023): 252. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13010252.

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With the extensive construction of ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission lines, the fatigue damage of steel tube members caused by vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in tubular towers has received growing attention. Although some progress has been made in the research of the VIV of steel tubes in uniform flow, there is still relatively scarce research on the VIV of steel tubes at various inflow conditions. In this paper, a series of wind tunnel tests are conducted to investigate the VIV of the steel tube subjected to uniform, turbulent, and oblique flows. Three turbulence intensities (Iu = 5.9%, 9.7%, and 12.6%), and four yaw angles (α = 10°, 20°, 30°, and 40°) are considered. The results show that the VIV response of the steel tube in the in-line (IL) direction is negligible compared to that in the cross-flow (CF) direction. The displacement amplitude gradually decreases as the turbulence intensity increases, accompanied by a more unstable response. For the inclined steel tube, the VIV maximum amplitude almost remains constant when α ≤ 20°, while it sharply decreased in the case of α = 30° and α = 40°. Furthermore, it was found that the so-called independent principle is applicable for α ≤ 10°.

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18

Muhammed, Twana Ali y Dr Ferhad Rahim Karim. "The Influence of Drop Panel's Dimensions on the Punching Shear Resistance in Ultra-High-Performance Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Flat Slabs". CONSTRUCTION 2, n.º 1 (18 de mayo de 2022): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/construction.v2i1.7581.

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Ultra-high performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is a high-performance cementitious material with enhanced tension, compression, and toughness, strengths in the post crack region with high ductility, toughness, and durability. The companies prefer to use it to construct highly durable structures such as high-rise buildings, towers, and bridges. In addition, the thickness of the flat slab produced by UHPFRC might be thinner than the conventional concrete. One problem that has always been a concern in a flat slab is the punching shear failure since this failure is brittle and occurs suddenly without any previous notice. Besides, the position of the critical section for punching shear could be changed based on the thickness of the drop panel and the inclusion of fiber in the concrete. This paper highlights the effect of drop panels dimension on the punching shear resistance in UHPFRC flat slabs. The four two-way interior UHPFRC supported flat slab panels, consisting of one control flat slab without drop panels and three-flat slabs with different sizes of drop panels (10.5%,14.5%, and 19%) of the total area of slab drop panels, tested under punching load. Results indicated that the covered area of flat slabs by drop panel around 10.5% improved punching load up to %20 and 37% at the crack and ultimate loads. Furthermore, the test results show that the efficient covered area for resisting punching was 10.5% of the total area of the tested slab. Besides, the deflection values, strain in reinforcement and concrete, rotation at supports, and the inclination angles of cracks were improved due to the stiffness enhancement in the flat slabs.

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19

Marzahn, Philip, Linda Flade y Arturo Sanchez-Azofeifa. "Spatial Estimation of the Latent Heat Flux in a Tropical Dry Forest by Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles". Forests 11, n.º 6 (26 de mayo de 2020): 604. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11060604.

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In this paper, we address the retrieval of spatially distributed latent heat flux ( λ E) over a tropical dry forest using multi-spectral and thermal unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery. The study was carried out in the Santa Rosa National Park Environmental Monitoring Super-Site, Costa Rica, in June 2016. The triangle method was used to derive λ E from the UAV imagery and the results were compared to λ E measurements of an eddy covariance system within the coincident eddy flux tower footprint. The tower footprint was derived using a two-dimensional parameterization model for flux footprint prediction. The comparisons with the flux tower measurements showed a mean relative difference of 10.98% with a slight overestimation of the UAV-based flux retrievals by nearly 7.7 Wm − 2 . The results are in good agreement with satellite-based retrievals, as provided by the literature, for which the triangle method was initially developed and mostly used so far. This study proved to be a promising approach for transferring the triangle method to UAV imagery in ecosystems such as tropical dry forests. With the presented approach, new details in spatially distributed latent heat flux estimates at ultra-high resolution are now possible, thereby potentially closing the gap in spatial resolution between satellites and flux towers. Even more, it allows tracing the latent heat flux from single trees at leaf level. Besides, this approach also opens new perspectives for the monitoring of latent heat fluxes in tropical dry forests.

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Iborra, A., J. A. Pastor, D. Alonso, B. Alvarez, F. J. Ortiz, P. J. Navarro, C. Fernández y J. Suardiaz. "A cost-effective robotic solution for the cleaning of ships' hulls". Robotica 28, n.º 3 (22 de mayo de 2009): 453–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574709005797.

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SUMMARYHull cleaning before repainting is a key operation in the maintenance of ships. For more than a decade, a means to improve this operation has been sought through robotization and the use of different techniques such as grit blasting and ultra high pressure water jetting. Despite this, it continues to be standard practice in shipyards that this process is carried out manually. This paper presents a family of robots that aims to offer important improvements to the process as well as satisfying, to a great extent, all the operative requirements of efficiency, security, and respect for the environment that shipyards nowadays demand. It is described the family of devices with emphasis on the mechanical design. This set consists of two vertical robotic towers and a robot climber. In addition, it is shown the control architecture of the global system. Finally, operative results are presented together with a comparison between the performance achieved in shipyards through the use of these robots and those obtained with a manual process.

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21

Tian, Li, Mengyao Zhou, Haiyang Pan, Aiqiang Xin y Yuping Liu. "Shaking Table Tests of a Reduced-Scale UHV Transmission Tower-Line System Subjected to Near-Fault Ground Motions". International Journal of Structural Stability and Dynamics 20, n.º 06 (junio de 2020): 2040015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219455420400155.

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An ultra-high voltage (UHV) transmission system offers higher bulk capacity and transmission over longer distances compared with conventional transmission systems, and the dynamic responses of such systems have attracted the interest of researchers. This paper focuses on an experimental investigation of the seismic performance of a 1000 kV UHV transmission system subjected to near-fault ground motions. To reproduce the genuine structural responses, a 1:25 reduced-scale experimental model was designed and constructed based on Buckingham’s theorem. Four kinds of typical natural seismic records were selected, namely, far-field, pulseless near-fault, forward-directivity near-fault and fling-step near-fault ground motions, and shaking table tests were subsequently carried out. Furthermore, the influences of the coupling effect between towers and lines, two-component ground motions, and the near-fault effect on the seismic response were investigated. The results demonstrate that the above three factors have a significant influence on the structural response and should not be neglected in seismic analysis. This research enriches the available experimental data and provides a more comprehensive understanding of the seismic performance of UHV transmission systems.

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Quan, Can, Hong Mei Li, Xiong Wei Yan y Jun Su Jin. "Development of Industrialization Process of Pesticide Residue Analysis Grade n-Hexane". Advanced Materials Research 550-553 (julio de 2012): 2402–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.550-553.2402.

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Pesticide residue grade solvents have the characteristic of ultra high purity, low UV value, low pH value, low moisture content and low evaporation residue, which do not have those controlled impurity peak in pesticide chromatographic detection. This project is funded by the China government to develop the industrialization process of pesticide residue grade n-hexane, in which the industrial n-Hexane is used as crude purified by decoloration, distillation and filtration process. The products are validated by National Research Center for Environmental Analysis and Measurement (CNEAC), National Research Center for Geoanalysis, Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine (CAIQ), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and other government originations for polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticide or chiral pesticides analysis and further confirmed that it’s competitive to all others imported n-Hexane currently occupied in China. The optimized process parameters are: firstly utilizing 2% of silicon dioxide as decoloration agent then rinsed with distillation water before distillation. The heating temperature of two distillation towers is 88°C with reflux ratio of 15:1 and 4:1 respectively, the discharge rate of heavy component is 20 mL/min, the yield of this process is approximately 70%. This patented technique will meet pesticide residue grade n-Hexane market in China and seek for cooperation globally.

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Shiba, Sabera Fahmida, Hyeongmin Jeon, Jong-Soo Kim, Jong-Eun Kim y Jungkwun Kim. "3D Microlithography Using an Integrated System of 5-mm UV-LEDs with a Tilt-Rotational Sample Holder". Micromachines 11, n.º 2 (31 de enero de 2020): 157. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11020157.

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This paper demonstrates a 3D microlithography system where an array of 5 mm Ultra Violet-Light Emitting Diode (UV-LED) acts as a light source. The unit of the light source is a UV-LED, which comes with a length of about 8.9 mm and a diameter of 5 mm. The whole light source comprises 20 × 20 matrix of such 5 mm UV-LEDs giving a total number of 400 LEDs which makes it a very favorable source with a large area for having a batch production of the desired microstructures. This light source is able to give a level of precision in microfabrication which cannot be obtained using commercial 3D printers. The whole light source performs continuous rotational movement once it is turned on. This can also move up and down in a vertical direction. This multidirectional light source also comprises a multidirectional sample holder. The light source teaming up with the multidirectional sample holder highly facilitates the process of fabrication of a huge range of 3D structures. This article also describes the different levels of characterization of the system and demonstrates several fabricated 3D microstructures including high aspect ratio vertical micro towers, twisted turbine structures, triangles, inclined pillar ‘V’ structures, and hollow horn structures as well.

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24

Agåker, Marcus, Carl-Johan Englund, Peter Sjöblom, Nial Wassdahl, Pierre Fredriksson y Conny Såthe. "An ultra-high-stability four-axis ultra-high-vacuum sample manipulator". Journal of Synchrotron Radiation 28, n.º 4 (8 de junio de 2021): 1059–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600577521004859.

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A report on a four-axis ultra-high-stability manipulator developed for use at the Veritas and Species RIXS beamlines at MAX IV Laboratory, Lund, Sweden, is presented. The manipulator consists of a compact, light-weight X–Y table with a stiffened Z tower carrying a platform with a rotary seal to which a manipulator rod holding the sample can be attached. Its design parameters have been optimized to achieve high eigen-frequencies via a light-weight yet stiff construction, to absorb forces without deformations, provide a low center of gravity, and have a compact footprint without compromising access to the manipulator rod. The manipulator system can house a multitude of different, easily exchangeable, manipulator rods that can be tailor-made for specific experimental requirements without having to rebuild the entire sample positioning system. It is shown that the manipulator has its lowest eigen-frequency at 48.5 Hz and that long-term stability is in the few tens of nanometres. Position accuracy is shown to be better than 100 nm. Angular accuracy is in the 500 nrad range with a long-term stability of a few hundred nanoradians.

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25

Sposito, Alberto, Dave Lowe y Gavin Sutton. "Towards an Ultra-High-Speed Combustion Pyrometer". International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power 5, n.º 4 (15 de diciembre de 2020): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijtpp5040031.

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Measuring reliably the correct temperature of a sooty flame in an internal combustion engine is important to optimise its efficiency; however, conventional contact thermometers, such as thermocouples, are not adequate in this context, due to drift, temperature limitation (≤2100 K) and slow response time (~10 ms). In this paper, we report on the progress towards the development of a novel ultra-high-speed combustion pyrometer, based on collection of thermal radiation via an optical fibre, traceably calibrated to the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) over the temperature range T = (1073–2873) K, with residuals <1%, and capable of measuring at a sampling rate of 250 kHz.

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26

Beetz, T. y Y. Zhu. "Diffraction Microscopy – Towards an Ultra-High-Resolution Microscope". Microscopy and Microanalysis 12, S02 (31 de julio de 2006): 574–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927606066001.

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27

Kim, Min-Sik. "Proteomics equipped with multiplexing toward ultra high throughput". PROTEOMICS 15, n.º 2-3 (enero de 2015): 183–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201400593.

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28

Zang, Xiaoling, Xusheng Wang, Zhanhai Yang, Xiaowei Wang, Rui Li, Jitao Chen, Junhui Ji y Mianqi Xue. "Unprecedented sensitivity towards pressure enabled by graphene foam". Nanoscale 9, n.º 48 (2017): 19346–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7nr05175a.

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29

Yan, Xiang Mei. "Upper Cantilevered Scaffold Construction Technology Analysis of Ultra-High Tower". Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (enero de 2012): 3698–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/scientific5/amr.446-449.3698.

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30

Yan, Xiang Mei. "Upper Cantilevered Scaffold Construction Technology Analysis of Ultra-High Tower". Advanced Materials Research 446-449 (enero de 2012): 3698–701. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.446-449.3698.

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Each layer of super high tower body is outwards protuberant, scaffoldding cantilevered end larger. This paper analyzes and researches the ultra-high tower overhanging scaffolding construction preparation, high scaffold material requirements, construction requirements, scaffold erection and dismantling construction technology and other aspects, it solves the high difficulty in construction, and provides practical basis and construction experience for super high steel tower mast structure.

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31

ISHIDA, Koki, Masamitsu TANAKA, Takatsugu ONO y Koji INOUE. "Towards Ultra-High-Speed Cryogenic Single-Flux-Quantum Computing". IEICE Transactions on Electronics E101.C, n.º 5 (1 de mayo de 2018): 359–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1587/transele.e101.c.359.

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32

POLLOCK, M. D. "TOWARDS AN UNDERSTANDING OF ULTRA-HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC RAYS". International Journal of Modern Physics D 10, n.º 06 (diciembre de 2001): 913–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021827180100127x.

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Previously, we have argued that the cosmic magnetic field B c is attributable to the indeterminacy principle, applied to metric fluctuations [Formula: see text] at the time t e ≈4.4×1010h-4 s of equipartition of energy (the last time of dynamical coupling) between matter and radiation in the Universe, stemming from the intrinsic uncertainty in the initial conditions (the phase of the wave function) at the Planck time t P ≈ 5.4×10-44 s, which leads to a present-day magnetic field B c (t0)≈ 10-9 G coherent on the length scale ℓ(t0)≈ 50 Mpc. Here, we discuss this result à propos the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays of energy E ≳ 1020 eV, suggesting that they may be due to nearby radio galaxies within ~ 10 Mpc, the primary components being heavy nuclei of charge Z≳ 10 deflected through large angles.

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33

Wehner, Michael, Leonid Oliker y John Shalf. "Towards Ultra-High Resolution Models of Climate and Weather". International Journal of High Performance Computing Applications 22, n.º 2 (mayo de 2008): 149–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1094342007085023.

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34

Khan, Jamil A., A. K. M. M. Monjur Morshed y Ruixian Fang. "Towards Ultra-compact High Heat Flux Microchannel Heat Sink". Procedia Engineering 90 (2014): 11–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2014.11.798.

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35

Perera, A., A. Bonatto, C. Bontoiu, J. Resta-López, V. Rodin, C. Welsch, G. Xia y G. Yadav. "Towards ultra-high gradient particle acceleration in carbon nanotubes". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1596 (julio de 2020): 012028. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1596/1/012028.

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36

Eakins, Emily, Doni Daniel Jayaseelan y William Edward Lee. "Toward Oxidation-Resistant ZrB2-SiC Ultra High Temperature Ceramics". Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A 42, n.º 4 (23 de noviembre de 2010): 878–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11661-010-0540-8.

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37

Qiu, Xinbo, Xiliang Gong, Xiaoyu Zhang y Weitao Zheng. "Ink-Jet Printing towards Ultra-High Resolution: A Review". Coatings 12, n.º 12 (5 de diciembre de 2022): 1893. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12121893.

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Ink-jet printing combines large-area film fabrication with low-cost solution processing. A high-resolution display calls for small-sized and closely arranged pixels, which can be realised using ink-jet printing. Here, we introduce the relevant steps of ink-jet printing, namely, droplet formation, falling, hitting the substrate, spreading, and the formation of a pixel. On the basis of a summarisation of factors that affect pixel formation, an approximation model is established to explore the minimum size of a pixel.

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38

Chen, Zhe, Wenhai Wang, Enze Xie, Tong Lu y Ping Luo. "Towards Ultra-Resolution Neural Style Transfer via Thumbnail Instance Normalization". Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, n.º 1 (28 de junio de 2022): 393–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i1.19916.

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We present an extremely simple Ultra-Resolution Style Transfer framework, termed URST, to flexibly process arbitrary high-resolution images (e.g., 10000x10000 pixels) style transfer for the first time. Most of the existing state-of-the-art methods would fall short due to massive memory cost and small stroke size when processing ultra-high resolution images. URST completely avoids the memory problem caused by ultra-high resolution images by (1) dividing the image into small patches and (2) performing patch-wise style transfer with a novel Thumbnail Instance Normalization (TIN). Specifically, TIN can extract thumbnail features' normalization statistics and apply them to small patches, ensuring the style consistency among different patches. Overall, the URST framework has three merits compared to prior arts. (1) We divide input image into small patches and adopt TIN, successfully transferring image style with arbitrary high-resolution. (2) Experiments show that our URST surpasses existing SOTA methods on ultra-high resolution images benefiting from the effectiveness of the proposed stroke perceptual loss in enlarging the stroke size. (3) Our URST can be easily plugged into most existing style transfer methods and directly improve their performance even without training. Code is available at https://git.io/URST.

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39

Ye, Hao Wen. "Technology of Ultra-High Strength / High Performance Concrete Applied to Guangzhou Xita Tower Construction". Key Engineering Materials 405-406 (enero de 2009): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.405-406.1.

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This paper introduces development and application of ultra-high strength/high performance concrete in construction of the Xita tower high-rise building at Zhujiang New City of Guangzhou, China. The goal of the concrete construction in the Xita Tower project will be realized via research of mix proportion and optimization of pumping equipment. In regard to mix proportion of concrete, low water/cement (W/C) ratio, low water content lower than 150 kg/m3 and employment of superplasticizer are essential to acquire high strength. A series of parameters have been measured to research workability of concrete from C70 to C90, such slump, slump flow, flow time from inverted cone, L-box flow, and bleeding under pressure et al. Properties of hardened concrete should also be considered, including durability, autogenous shrinkage caused cracking, and fire resistance.

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40

McCabe, Matthew F., Matthew Rodell, Douglas E. Alsdorf, Diego G. Miralles, Remko Uijlenhoet, Wolfgang Wagner, Arko Lucieer et al. "The future of Earth observation in hydrology". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, n.º 7 (28 de julio de 2017): 3879–914. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-3879-2017.

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Abstract. In just the past 5 years, the field of Earth observation has progressed beyond the offerings of conventional space-agency-based platforms to include a plethora of sensing opportunities afforded by CubeSats, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and smartphone technologies that are being embraced by both for-profit companies and individual researchers. Over the previous decades, space agency efforts have brought forth well-known and immensely useful satellites such as the Landsat series and the Gravity Research and Climate Experiment (GRACE) system, with costs typically of the order of 1 billion dollars per satellite and with concept-to-launch timelines of the order of 2 decades (for new missions). More recently, the proliferation of smartphones has helped to miniaturize sensors and energy requirements, facilitating advances in the use of CubeSats that can be launched by the dozens, while providing ultra-high (3–5 m) resolution sensing of the Earth on a daily basis. Start-up companies that did not exist a decade ago now operate more satellites in orbit than any space agency, and at costs that are a mere fraction of traditional satellite missions. With these advances come new space-borne measurements, such as real-time high-definition video for tracking air pollution, storm-cell development, flood propagation, precipitation monitoring, or even for constructing digital surfaces using structure-from-motion techniques. Closer to the surface, measurements from small unmanned drones and tethered balloons have mapped snow depths, floods, and estimated evaporation at sub-metre resolutions, pushing back on spatio-temporal constraints and delivering new process insights. At ground level, precipitation has been measured using signal attenuation between antennae mounted on cell phone towers, while the proliferation of mobile devices has enabled citizen scientists to catalogue photos of environmental conditions, estimate daily average temperatures from battery state, and sense other hydrologically important variables such as channel depths using commercially available wireless devices. Global internet access is being pursued via high-altitude balloons, solar planes, and hundreds of planned satellite launches, providing a means to exploit the internet of things as an entirely new measurement domain. Such global access will enable real-time collection of data from billions of smartphones or from remote research platforms. This future will produce petabytes of data that can only be accessed via cloud storage and will require new analytical approaches to interpret. The extent to which today's hydrologic models can usefully ingest such massive data volumes is unclear. Nor is it clear whether this deluge of data will be usefully exploited, either because the measurements are superfluous, inconsistent, not accurate enough, or simply because we lack the capacity to process and analyse them. What is apparent is that the tools and techniques afforded by this array of novel and game-changing sensing platforms present our community with a unique opportunity to develop new insights that advance fundamental aspects of the hydrological sciences. To accomplish this will require more than just an application of the technology: in some cases, it will demand a radical rethink on how we utilize and exploit these new observing systems.

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41

Nakasu, E., Y. Nishida, M. Maeda, M. Kanazawa, S. Yano, M. Sugawara, K. Mitani, K. Hamasaki y Y. Nojiri. "Technical Development toward Implementation of Ultra High-Definition TV System". SMPTE Motion Imaging Journal 116, n.º 7-8 (julio de 2007): 279–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5594/j11428.

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42

Li, Mantian, Xin Wang, Wei Guo, Pengfei Wang y Lining Sun. "System Design of a Cheetah Robot Toward Ultra-high Speed". International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 11, n.º 5 (enero de 2014): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/58563.

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43

Lande, Ingrid y Rein Terje Thorstensen. "Towards Efficient Use of Cement in Ultra High Performance Concrete". Nordic Concrete Research 65, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2021): 81–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ncr-2021-0017.

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Abstract This paper presents an investigation on substituting the cement content with an inert material, in a typical locally produced UHPC mix. A structured literature review was performed to enrichen the discussion and to benchmark the results towards already reported investigations in the research society. Investigations on cement substitution in UHPC are frequently reported. However, usually the cement is substituted with other binding materials – often pozzolanic by-products from other industries. Reports from investigations on the use of inert materials for cement substitution in UHPC seem scarce. An experimental program that included a total of 210 test specimens was executed. This program included evaluating several questions embedded to the problem on how to substitute cement while keeping all other variables constant. It is concluded that up to 40% of the cement can be substituted with an inert material, without significantly changing the flexural tensile strength or compressive strength of the hardened UHPC. Two preconditions were caretaken: the particle packing was maintained by securing that the substitution material had a Particle Size Distribution (PSD) near identical to the cement and that the water balance was maintained through preconditioning of the substitution material. Suggestions are made for improving benchmarking.

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44

Abbattista, Cristoforo, Leonardo Amoruso, Samuel Burri, Edoardo Charbon, Francesco Di Lena, Augusto Garuccio, Davide Giannella et al. "Towards Quantum 3D Imaging Devices". Applied Sciences 11, n.º 14 (12 de julio de 2021): 6414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11146414.

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We review the advancement of the research toward the design and implementation of quantum plenoptic cameras, radically novel 3D imaging devices that exploit both momentum–position entanglement and photon–number correlations to provide the typical refocusing and ultra-fast, scanning-free, 3D imaging capability of plenoptic devices, along with dramatically enhanced performances, unattainable in standard plenoptic cameras: diffraction-limited resolution, large depth of focus, and ultra-low noise. To further increase the volumetric resolution beyond the Rayleigh diffraction limit, and achieve the quantum limit, we are also developing dedicated protocols based on quantum Fisher information. However, for the quantum advantages of the proposed devices to be effective and appealing to end-users, two main challenges need to be tackled. First, due to the large number of frames required for correlation measurements to provide an acceptable signal-to-noise ratio, quantum plenoptic imaging (QPI) would require, if implemented with commercially available high-resolution cameras, acquisition times ranging from tens of seconds to a few minutes. Second, the elaboration of this large amount of data, in order to retrieve 3D images or refocusing 2D images, requires high-performance and time-consuming computation. To address these challenges, we are developing high-resolution single-photon avalanche photodiode (SPAD) arrays and high-performance low-level programming of ultra-fast electronics, combined with compressive sensing and quantum tomography algorithms, with the aim to reduce both the acquisition and the elaboration time by two orders of magnitude. Routes toward exploitation of the QPI devices will also be discussed.

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45

Lai, Voo Yen, Farzad Hejazi y Sarah Saleem. "The construction process for pre-stressed ultra high performance concrete communication tower". PLOS ONE 15, n.º 11 (4 de noviembre de 2020): e0238654. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0238654.

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46

Dey, Sayan, Sumita Santra, Anupam Midya, Prasanta Kumar Guha y Samit Kumar Ray. "Synthesis of CuxNi(1−x)O coral-like nanostructures and their application in the design of a reusable toxic heavy metal ion sensor based on an adsorption-mediated electrochemical technique". Environmental Science: Nano 4, n.º 1 (2017): 191–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6en00285d.

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47

Price, R. J., I. A. Crawford, M. J. Barlow y I. D. Howarth. "An ultra-high-resolution study of the interstellar medium towards Orion". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 328, n.º 2 (1 de diciembre de 2001): 555–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04893.x.

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48

Ghosh, Debamalya, Uma Dutta, Ariful Haque, Natalia E. Mordvinova, Oleg I. Lebedev, Kamalesh Pal, Arup Gayen, Md Motin Seikh y Partha Mahata. "Ultra-high sensitivity of luminescent ZnCr2O4 nanoparticles toward nitroaromatic explosives sensing". Dalton Transactions 47, n.º 14 (2018): 5011–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt00047f.

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49

Takeyama, Shojiro, Toshihito Osada y Noboru Miura. "Solid-state physics towards pulsed ultra-high magnetic fields at ISSP". Physica B: Condensed Matter 346-347 (abril de 2004): 576–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physb.2004.01.085.

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50

Xu, Hui, Ke Zhang, Bo Yan, Jin Wang, Caiqin Wang, Shumin Li, Zhulan Gu, Yukou Du y Ping Yang. "Ultra-uniform PdBi nanodots with high activity towards formic acid oxidation". Journal of Power Sources 356 (julio de 2017): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.04.070.

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