Tesis sobre el tema "Tutela della salute"
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Cavo, Giovanni Maria <1986>. "La tutela della salute tra razionalizzazione della spesa e concorrenza". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8241/1/CAVO_GIOVANNI%20MARIA_TESI.pdf.
Texto completoThe thesis aims to analyze the main tools carried out in the last twenty years to rationalize the expenditure of the public health service, while providing the essential levels of health assistance. These essential levels were defined by the Italian Constitutional Court as the irreducible core of the health right protected by art. 32 of the Italian Constitution, and the last defence of welfare state as we know it. The work shows that, after a first phase of “health federalism” featured by autonomy and empowerment of the Regions, the end of the first decade of the 21st century was chiaracterized by a gradual re-centering of functions and, above all, the enforcement to Regions of measures to contain the cost of the public health service. The research also carried out that on one hand, those measures have produced positive effects till now, ensuring both the containment of expenditure and the maintenance of the essential levels of health assistance, but on the other, it may not be enough in the immediate future if funds allocated to the National Health Service will continue declinig progressively as recent years. In this regard, the thesis aims to point out the need to move to measures that could improve the quality of healthcare in a structured way rather than containing it with individual forecasts. The research has shown how the stimulus and regulation of competition in the health sectors characterized by the presence of private operators are still valid instruments to ensure more and more efficient spending levels through the conduct and competitive behaviors of operators. In this way, it would be possible to continue granting the same essential levels of health assistance.
LIU, DAN. "Saggi su politiche pubbliche e tutela della salute". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/12010.
Texto completoThis dissertation includes three chapters which focus on the relationship between public policies and healthcare. The first chapter examines whether tax policy is effective in changing the unhealthy drinking behaviours of individuals. My findings suggest that the VAT rate increase is effective in reducing the consumption of spirits, beer and carbonated beverages, while it is not effective for wine. However, this general result change when looking at sub-groups of individuals. The second chapter studies how real minimum wages affect population health in China. I conclude that real minimum wages are negatively and significantly related to population health, a result which might be explained by the role of more stressful working conditions as a consequence of a higher minimum wage. Finally, the third chapter analyses the effects of incentive mechanisms on the behaviours of primary health workers and the subsequent effects on the quality of hypertension management. The empirical investigation suggests that negative financial incentives could motivate primary health workers and improve the quality of hypertension management. However, neither positive financial incentives nor different modes of performance evaluation are significantly related to the quality of hypertension management.
LIU, DAN. "Saggi su politiche pubbliche e tutela della salute". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/12010.
Texto completoThis dissertation includes three chapters which focus on the relationship between public policies and healthcare. The first chapter examines whether tax policy is effective in changing the unhealthy drinking behaviours of individuals. My findings suggest that the VAT rate increase is effective in reducing the consumption of spirits, beer and carbonated beverages, while it is not effective for wine. However, this general result change when looking at sub-groups of individuals. The second chapter studies how real minimum wages affect population health in China. I conclude that real minimum wages are negatively and significantly related to population health, a result which might be explained by the role of more stressful working conditions as a consequence of a higher minimum wage. Finally, the third chapter analyses the effects of incentive mechanisms on the behaviours of primary health workers and the subsequent effects on the quality of hypertension management. The empirical investigation suggests that negative financial incentives could motivate primary health workers and improve the quality of hypertension management. However, neither positive financial incentives nor different modes of performance evaluation are significantly related to the quality of hypertension management.
Bellia, Salvatore. "La tutela della salute dei lavoratori marittimi: il progeto Seamed". Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1390.
Texto completoCAMPAGNA, MAURIZIO. "La tutela della salute nell'ordinamento policentrico tra frammentazione e complessità". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/938.
Texto completoThe aim of this research is to explain the complexity and the fragmentation of the health legislation sources. The perspective corpus that rules healthcare appears unorganized and stratified. The red thread followed to understand the way this sector operates is that of the strong conflict between legal, social, cultural and economic reasons that regulate this field. The healthcare law isn't an autonomous discipline, but a special legislation that unifies the rights around a political issue such as healthcare. Therefore, considering how the law is brought forward, it's possible to reach another important conclusion: the healthcare sector, sensitive to cultural and social changes, indeed has led from these, would be the advanced point of the fragmentation phenomenon of the law sources thus the traditional terms to describe and order them would not be able to contain the exuberance of the specific ways of sector regulation. A research that wants to describe this normative structure can't be but indirect and multidisciplinary, ready to acknowledge difficulties and use categories not proper of juridical sciences.
CAMPAGNA, MAURIZIO. "La tutela della salute nell'ordinamento policentrico tra frammentazione e complessità". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/938.
Texto completoThe aim of this research is to explain the complexity and the fragmentation of the health legislation sources. The perspective corpus that rules healthcare appears unorganized and stratified. The red thread followed to understand the way this sector operates is that of the strong conflict between legal, social, cultural and economic reasons that regulate this field. The healthcare law isn't an autonomous discipline, but a special legislation that unifies the rights around a political issue such as healthcare. Therefore, considering how the law is brought forward, it's possible to reach another important conclusion: the healthcare sector, sensitive to cultural and social changes, indeed has led from these, would be the advanced point of the fragmentation phenomenon of the law sources thus the traditional terms to describe and order them would not be able to contain the exuberance of the specific ways of sector regulation. A research that wants to describe this normative structure can't be but indirect and multidisciplinary, ready to acknowledge difficulties and use categories not proper of juridical sciences.
Ippoliti, Martini Carlotta <1987>. "Responsabilità della pubblica amministrazione e prevenzione tra tutela della salute ed esigenze di mercato". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8113/1/ippolitimartini_carlotta_tesi.pdf.
Texto completoThe increasing expansion of the liability of the Public Administration imposes to consider the more specific question of the applicability of liability rules in order to compensate injuries caused by inadequate implementation of safety measures aimed to reach a reasonable balance between the protection of the human health and the market efficiency. The analysis of cases in which the just indicated problem arises reveals a predominant prevalence of European Union’s Directive and Regulations inspired by the precautionary principle. In this prospective it is firstly necessary to investigate the interplay between the domestic case law and the Court of Justice’s case law in order to define the boundary in which the precautionary principle play a fundamental role in the Italian tort law system and in particular where human health protection is involved. Adopting this method the research focuses on representative cases (such as, for example, those in which the Public Administration has the duty to ensure the preservation of an healthy environment, the safety of the water intended for human consumption, the safety of drugs and foods) in order to identify general rules useful to solve the indicated issues even in cases other than those considered and in which there is no a specific legislation which imposes to the Public Administration detailed protection duties.
CUCINOTTA, CARLO. "Sicurezza alimentare e diritto penale. Uno studio sulla tutela penale della salute pubblica". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Pavia, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11571/1437676.
Texto completoThe work deals with the criminal protection of public health in the food sector. The study is divided into five chapters: after a general theoretical investigation on endangerment crimes (ch. I) and a historical-comparative analysis on the criminal protection of public health (ch. II), the main problems that characterize the current discipline of food crimes (ch. III) and its interrelationship with the supranational legislation (ch. IV) are examined in depth, while finally the prospectives of reform of the sector are examined through the study of a recent draft law (ch. V). More precisely, the research starts from an analysis of the regulatory techniques available to the legislator in the protection of consumer health in the food sector. Then, the study focuses on: the problems of legal certainty and procedural practicability that concern concrete endangerment crimes; the relations between this normative technique and the use of epidemiology; the merits and drawbacks connected to further techniques of anticipated protection. Finally, particular attention is dedicated to the use of the so-called threshold limits, to their role in the structure of the crime as well as to their legal discipline, the relative determination procedure, and the relations with the rule of law and the principle of harmfulness. In the light of this approach, the work proceeds to investigate the historical origin of the current discipline of crimes against public health, in the awareness that the understanding of the problems posed by the current legislation needs to pass through the history within which it was formed. The analysis is first of all dedicated to the main codification models that have influenced the drafting of the Zanardelli code - including the Napoleonic code of 1810, the codes of pre-unification Italy and the code of the German empire of 1871 -, followed by a reconstruction of the related preparatory work, aimed at understanding the dogmatic and political-criminal profiles that characterise crimes against public health in the code of 1889. At this point, the research shifts to current legislation. After examining the problems connected to the differentiated sanctioning treatment of offences against public health and proposing a reconstruction more in line with the primary rank of health within the Italian Constitution, the work addresses the problems of taxability and reasonableness concerning both Articles 439 et seq. of the Criminal Code and the relative relationship with the offences provided for by Law no. 283 of 1962, coming to support the opportunity to overcome the traditional so-called quantitative conception of the public danger, centred on the diffuseness of the threatened damage. Subsequently, the reform of the food sector carried out by the European legislator starting from the EC Reg. n. 178 of 2002 and its connections with the national discipline of food offences are analysed, highlighting the main aporias of the internal sanctioning system. The research concludes by examining the draft law C. 2427 of 6 March 2020 and highlighting, through the formulation of some regulatory proposals, the opportunity to reform the sanctioning discipline of the food sector in order to strike a better balance between the need to protect the health of consumers and the principles of reasonableness and legal certainty.
NOBILE, MARIANNA. "La tutela della salute nella società multiculturale tra autodeterminazione e integrità del corpo". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/77122.
Texto completoThe aim of this research is to analyze health protection in a multicultural society from a legal and philosophical point of view. The focus of analysis will be issues of self-determination and bodily integrity in female genital mutilation made by minority ethnic groups. The analysis begins with framing the concepts of health and disease in a historical and sociological perspective, with attention also on non-Western cultural practices. The definition of health by the World Health Organization is taken as a reference point to propose a concept of health which is not culturally determined and that can be an instrument of health promotion for every individual. This proposal is set against an approach that evaluates public health and hygiene on the basis of economic standards. By contrast, the definition of health introduced by the WHO includes a subjective dimension, which is also one of self-determination and to the free individual choice. The criticalities of the WHO definition approach leads one to consider different levels of description of the concept of disease which do not ignore its social and cultural dimensions. In order to analyze the legal aspects of the right to health in national and international regulations, in the second chapter, the research analyzes the theoretical and political implications of assuming concepts of fundamental rights. In particular, the focus is on the foundational challenge posed by ethical relativism and pluralism. According to these views, one cannot identify an absolute foundation of these rights; in reply, I claim that there are reasons to affirm the effective universality of internationally recognized rights, such as the right to health. Subsequently, the research pays attention to the difference between a right to health and a right to health care. The theories that consider the right to health only as a right to health care are shown to have substantial limitations, if compared to theories that regard the right to health also as a liberty right, interpreted as the right of the individual to autonomously decide the interventions he or she wants to undergo. The third chapter of the research focuses on bodily interventions and on the limits of self-determination, determined by the partially conflicting value of bodily integrity. To illustrate this problem, ethical and political reasons for and against female genetic mutilations are analyzed, as well as the repressive strategy used by the Italian legislator, placed in the context of international and national law. This strategy is criticized on the basis of pragmatic considerations, rather than matter of principle. Recognizing the lacking of efficacy of the Italian law, the proposal of a “ritual sunnah” is endorsed, since its symbolic efficacy could be a pragmatic, even if temporary, solution, aimed to protect woman’s rights and to prevent from clandestine mutilations. The last section considers the bodily integrity argument, adopted to motivate the opposition to female bodily mutilation. The research analyzes the strength of this argument against female genital mutilation, when this is requested by adult and competent women. This is a case in which the principle of self-determination is also at stake so I deny that it can be considered a valid argument, especially in reason of the common and legal acceptance of other bodily interventions (such as genital plastic surgery, male circumcision, ect.) that damage the bodily integrity of the individual as well.
Amoruso, Irene. "Salute pubblica e patogeni emergenti idrotrasmessi: implementazione dell'attività di monitoraggio e tutela della qualità delle risorse idropotabili lungo le filiere idriche". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423477.
Texto completoIl presente progetto di ricerca dottorale verte sulla valutazione del ruolo ecologico ed epidemiologico che alcuni patogeni emergenti idrotrasmessi, i protozoi Giardia duodenalis e Cryptosporidium parvum, rivestono all'interno delle filiere idriche integrate. Entrambi i protozoi presentano una forma di resistenza ambientale, denominata rispettivamente cisti per Giardia e oocisti per Cryptosporidium, che conferisce loro una maggiore capacità di sopravvivere sia ai convenzionali trattamenti di potabilizzazione dell'acqua che a quelli di depurazione del refluo. Il pericolo che essi rappresentano come contaminanti delle risorse idropotabili consiste dunque nella loro potenziale capacità di dare luogo a focolai epidemici di sindromi gastroenteriche, sia a livello dell’intera comunità che fruisce del servizio idrico, che degli eventuali frequentatori di aree balneabili soggette a contaminazione. In primo luogo si è condotta un'approfondita ricerca bibliografica volta a determinare lo stato dell'arte sul tema: essa ha consentito di individuare le molteplici linee di ricerca già perseguite nell'ambito descritto, ottenendo così un quadro complessivo che delinea, sia a livello internazionale che nazionale, l'ambito conoscitivo noto circa i due suddetti patogeni emergenti. Contestualmente si è ottenuta anche una panoramica sulle differenti metodiche analitiche disponibili per la detezione di Giardia e Cryptosporidium nelle matrici ambientali. I protocolli descritti in letteratura, per lo più derivanti dalle metodiche impiegate nella parassitologia clinica, non sono risultati compatibili con un'attività di monitoraggio ambientale routinaria. Il motivo principale di tale inadeguatezza risiede principalmente nei costi troppo elevati degli stessi. All'interno di tale cornice teorica è emersa innanzitutto la necessità di realizzare una nuova metodica per la detezione delle (oo)cisti protozoarie nelle acque, caratterizzata da costi più contenuti, ma pur soddisfacentemente versatile, efficiente, sensibile e specifica. Il protocollo analitico implementato, denominato metodica della filtrazione su cartuccia in polipropilene (FCP), è stato utilizzato per la valutazione preliminare della qualità dell'acquifero di attingimento dell'Alto Vicentino ed in seguito impiegato per il monitoraggio della filiera idrica integrata che serve la città di Padova, selezionata come sistema sperimentale. La rete di monitoraggio di tale filiera è stata ricamata grazie alla selezione strategica di 18 siti di campionamento che consentono di ottenere una visuale complessiva dell’intero sistema, che nel complesso si compone di: filiera di distribuzione dell’acqua potabile (5 siti), sistema di allontanamento e depurazione del refluo civile (6 siti), corpo idrico recettore (5 siti) e, da ultimo, aree marino-costiere balneabili prospicienti la foce dello stesso (2 siti). Come attività corollaria, si è poi fruito dei numerosi case-report reperibili in letteratura che descrivono epidemie di giardiasi e criptosporidiosi, innescate o dall'ingestione di acqua infetta o dalla balneazione in acque contaminate, per la creazione di un database epidemiologico relativo al periodo 1954-2012 e denominato Giardiasis & Cryptosporidiosis Database (GCDB). Tale database consente non solo la catalogazione sistematica e la consultazione interattiva degli eventi epidemici, ma è stato sfruttato per implementare un modello predittivo capace di stimare il Rischio di Contaminazione Protozoaria delle Risorse Idropotabili tramite il computo di un apposito indice numerico (IRCPRI).
Bertarini, Beatrice <1983>. "Il principio di precauzione quale strumento di tutela della salute umana: limite o incentivo al commercio dei farmaci?" Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7110/1/BERTARINI_BEATRICE_TESI.pdf.
Texto completoThe study focuses its attention on the analysis of the precautionary principle and its application in the phases that characterize the production chain of the medicine. The precautionary principle is applied when the risk related to an event is not a risk determined, but it is a potential risk because scientific data do not demonstrate a clear connection between the incident and damage The need to minimize the risk associated with the recruitment of a medicinal requires a defense of Public Authority that is implemented through the manufacturing authorization, the marketing authorization, authorization for distribution and marketing.
Bertarini, Beatrice <1983>. "Il principio di precauzione quale strumento di tutela della salute umana: limite o incentivo al commercio dei farmaci?" Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2015. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/7110/.
Texto completoThe study focuses its attention on the analysis of the precautionary principle and its application in the phases that characterize the production chain of the medicine. The precautionary principle is applied when the risk related to an event is not a risk determined, but it is a potential risk because scientific data do not demonstrate a clear connection between the incident and damage The need to minimize the risk associated with the recruitment of a medicinal requires a defense of Public Authority that is implemented through the manufacturing authorization, the marketing authorization, authorization for distribution and marketing.
Zambelli, Luca <1987>. "I nuovi operatori del mondo sportivo e la tutela della salute nella dimensione dei moderni servizi di welfare". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2022. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/10497/1/Tesi%20Dottorato%20Luca%20Zambelli.pdf.
Texto completoThe study aims to identify the steps in the evolution of sport as an instrument of preventive health and well-being, with the main purpose of highlight the evolving legislative framework on which to set the transition of the system of motor activities. Starting from the study of the regulatory and jurisprudential data and with a deep doctrinal analysis in the background, the study describes the legislative evolution on the subject based on considerations and results of sociological and pharmacological investigations. The creation of Sport e Salute S.p.a. and a Sports Department in the government has allowed direct action to support grassroots sports organizations and aimed at promoting plans for the implementation of correct lifestyles. The Legislative Decree 38/2021 contains rules aimed at enhancing the territorial importance of sports organizations, which can facilitate these and their private partners in the assignment of facilities. The new professional figure of the kinesiologist represents the central tool for the revitalization of sports, as he is able to structure new services in parallel to sport and fundamental in a preventive educational perspective. The increased relevance of work-life balance pushes companies to create new welfare policies for workers through investments for the redevelopment of sport facilities, in order to help the bodies that manage them by collaborating with them to offer more services also to the territory. The legislator has created a regulatory layer aimed at allowing direct action by the state in the promotion of social sport and aimed at the implementation of correct lifestyles. It is now possible to theorize a model of company that offers a new type of services to be provided within modern facilities, restructured thanks to the support of companies that see sports associations as safeguards for the health of workers, promoting collective well-being as well as their own image.
DE, NINO FRANCESCO. "La responsabilità da reato dell'ente in materia di salute e sicurezza del lavoro. Profili problematici e prospettive di tutela". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1232.
Texto completoThe research specifically focuses on the statutory provisions on corporations’ liability for offenses of manslaughter and unintentional injuries committed in breach of the rules on protection of work health and safety. The survey analyses the new legislation in this area, in light of the provisions of Italian t.u. 81/2008, within the framework of criminal liability in work health and safety and the related corporate accountability. To this end, having identified the "empirical" problem of work accidents and diseases and the criminal potentiality of corporate bodies, and based on the assessment of the legal responses formulated in England, France and Spain, the research - starting from the analysis of individual liability for crimes of homicide and injury in the field of work safety – proceeds, on one hand, to consider the relationship between the offenses referred to in article 25 septies and the general criteria of attribution of corporate responsibility; on the other, to specifically analyse the business models in the field of work safety. Finally, the research draws the possible trends of development of the health protection and work safety system, and of the legal regime of corporate liability arising out from offenses; in this respect, the statutory proposals for amending the D.Lgs. 231/2001 are also taken into account.
DE, NINO FRANCESCO. "La responsabilità da reato dell'ente in materia di salute e sicurezza del lavoro. Profili problematici e prospettive di tutela". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1232.
Texto completoThe research specifically focuses on the statutory provisions on corporations’ liability for offenses of manslaughter and unintentional injuries committed in breach of the rules on protection of work health and safety. The survey analyses the new legislation in this area, in light of the provisions of Italian t.u. 81/2008, within the framework of criminal liability in work health and safety and the related corporate accountability. To this end, having identified the "empirical" problem of work accidents and diseases and the criminal potentiality of corporate bodies, and based on the assessment of the legal responses formulated in England, France and Spain, the research - starting from the analysis of individual liability for crimes of homicide and injury in the field of work safety – proceeds, on one hand, to consider the relationship between the offenses referred to in article 25 septies and the general criteria of attribution of corporate responsibility; on the other, to specifically analyse the business models in the field of work safety. Finally, the research draws the possible trends of development of the health protection and work safety system, and of the legal regime of corporate liability arising out from offenses; in this respect, the statutory proposals for amending the D.Lgs. 231/2001 are also taken into account.
BENINCASA, GIADA. "Dagli ambienti confinati agli spazi di coworking. Verso un cambio di paradigma per la tutela della salute e sicurezza dei lavoratori?" Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/181273.
Texto completoCorbisieri, Alessandro <1997>. "Smart working: la regolamentazione nel contesto dell'emergenza sanitaria, il potere di controllo del datore di lavoro e la tutela della salute e della sicurezza del lavoratore agile". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/20826.
Texto completoMontanari, Nicola <1984>. "La tutela del diritto alla salute tra i vincoli economico-finanziari esterni ed interni e la prospettiva della creazione di un "Pilastro europeo dei diritti sociali"". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/8693/1/Montanari_Nicola_tesi.pdf.
Texto completoThe last decade of global economic and financial crisis has put a strain on the endurance of the continental democracies, which have had to counter the increasing public debt and the recession of their economies. The response of the EU's institutions, from the Ordoliberal point of view, so far, had been to tighten further the financial constraints to ensure the maintenance of public accounts. This tightening of restrictions has reverberated its (negative) effects also on welfare systems. The EU has a great challenge ahead of it. Starting again in the "after crisis" from the construction of an European social model that puts people at the center, trying to create an "European Pillar of social rights". In order to do this, it will be essential to give the European institutions new and greater skills and more relevant intervention capacities that have been unknown hitherto. This process of transformation follows the natural evolution of the process of European unification. If this path were interrupted, the same permanence in life of the Union would be at risk. The protection of social rights and in particular of the right to health, understood in a broad sense as protection of the person and of his psycho-physical wellbeing, is the path to greater integration between peoples and one of the fundamental elements for the creation of a united Europe that the European Founding Fathers had in mind. It is essential to "review" the economic policies at the supranational and national level with a view to preventing them from impinging on the level of protection of social rights. Finally, it was intended to offer a range of concrete measures that the European legislator can adopt with the primary purpose of creating a genuine European health policy and actively protecting the right to health of European citizens.
PAOLINI, CHIARA. "Salute e sicurezza sul lavoro nei cantieri temporanei o mobili. Gli incerti confini dell’obbligo di sicurezza". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/263275.
Texto completoDespite important progress in the field of health and safety regulations in the workplace, job insecurity continues to be a scourge in our society, and that could have an effect on anyone taking part in a production process. While investigating the responsibilities of the various parties involved in the preventative mechanism, it was brought to light the concern of those professional figures like an engineer who assumes relevant and multifaceted prevention functions, due to the evident uncertainty of the limits of the security obligation. At times it almost seems to imply the hypotheses of objective responsibility, not declared by the legislator. To better understand the issue, the legislative evolution of the principle of maximum possible security has been analyzed. In order to understand the extension of the right to health and safety in the workplace, it has been examined in depth the study of the current legislation in force (legislative decree 81/2008) that refers to the models for responsibilities distribution provided by the law. After having described the responsibility profile of each individual figure considered, and in light of the most relevant jurisprudential declaration, especially with reference to what is established in the Title IV of the Legislative Decree 81/2008, the problem of contributory negligence on which the uncertainty of the limits of responsibility on security duties has been faced. To take on a role in prevention matter which is present in the majority of working environments, but even more, in the construction industry, it involves exposure to an undefined responsibility. Although, the regulatory apparatus appears to be rather complete, well-structured and organized, when, from the abstractness of the norm we pass to the concreteness of the judgments, the problems of the same emerge with overwhelming evidence that fuel rather than suppress the apprehension of the operators. Concerns that, in parallel and consequently, sees legal entities called to answer for the crimes committed in violation of the accident prevention regulations by subordinates or top managers according to the law 123/2007.
Fedetto, Rebecca. "Il maltrattamento minorile: i bambini vittime di violenza tra esigenze di giustizia e tutela della salute. Child abuse: chidren victime of violence between the need for justice and health protection". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423700.
Texto completoIl presente lavoro si svolge nell’ambito della tutela dei diritti focalizzandosi sulla tutela del minore maltrattato, con l’ approfondimento e l’analisi delle principali criticità che emergono dal punto di vista giuridico. In questo campo infatti vengono in evidenza diverse problematiche: questo lavoro prende in considerazione e si prefigge di analizzare la questione del conflitto tra esigenze di giustizia e tutela della salute che può nascere quando ci si trova di fronte ad un caso di maltrattamento e/o abuso su minore. La tutela della salute del bambino, che in via di principio è sancita come diritto primario, fondamentale e inviolabile (art 32 Cost.), nella prassi viene drasticamente ridotta da necessità procedurali legate alla ricerca del colpevole del reato e delle relative prove. Questo accade perchè sullo stesso scenario s’interseca l’attività di diversi attori, titolari di diverse competenze e soprattutto titolari di diversi interessi legittimi: da un lato l’Autorità Giudiziaria (PM) che esercita l’azione penale e persegue le ricerca del colpevole (e nello specifico della prova dell’abuso o del maltrattamento), dall’altro i medici che prendono in carico il minore e sono preposti alla tutela della salute dello stesso. Dall’intersezione di tali attività e posizioni ne può scaturire un conflitto di difficile risoluzione. Quale interesse deve prevalere? Può l’esigenza di giustizia comprimere la tutela della salute del minore? In quale responsabilità incorre il medico che non ottemperi all’ordine dell’Autorità Giudiziaria? Questi interrogativi, privi di una riposta chiara ed univoca, dimostrano che si è alla presenza di un vuoto legislativo che porta come conseguenza situazioni di paralisi dei Servizi operanti nello stesso scenario. Il limite estremo di tale situazione è dato dall’ ipotesi del “bambino esca”: un minore, già vittima di violenza accertata e diagnosticata, viene reinserito su ordine dell’AG nel luogo dove è avvenuto il maltrattamento esponendolo consapevolmente al rischio di nuovo abuso, al fine di ottenere la prova del reato ed individuare il colpevole. Unitamente a questa grande problematica (bambino esca) il lavoro analizza altre questioni dibattute, quali il problema del consenso da parte del genitore maltrattante, il coordinamento tra Procura e Tribunale minorile e l’inerzia di quest’ultimo, nell’ottica di valutare quale tutela effettiva sia offerta al minore e quali possibili alternative si possano sviluppare per fare in modo che la salute e la protezione del minore vengano sempre garantite modo pieno ed efficace. Il materiale di studio è dato, in primo luogo, dallo studio di una coorte prospettica dei bambini presi in carico dal Centro Regionale per la Diagnostica del Bambino Maltrattato del Dipartimento di Pediatria dell’Università di Padova : si tratta di uno studio effettuato tramite una preliminare revisione di casistica con esame di 250 casi. Inoltre vengono presi in esame alcuni (4) casi paradigmatici rispetto alle problematiche oggetto del presente studio; la struttura di riferimento è il Centro per la Diagnostica del bambino maltrattato. Il metodo di lavoro passa attraverso diversi fasi: Inquadramento giuridico, sia con riferimento alla normativa vigente si in riferimento agli orientamenti giurisprudenziali, che in questa materia sono di fondamentale per supplire alle carenza legislative; Analisi dei casi; Evidenza delle criticità e delle lacune normative e applicazione degli orientamenti giurisprudenziali; Studio di possibili nuove soluzioni e prospettive; Presentazione dei risultati e delle nuove prassi. Il lavoro si sviluppa partendo dall’inquadramento del problema “maltrattamento” con la definizione e presentazione delle principali forme di maltrattamento; prosegue quindi con’analisi del panorama legislativo nazionale ed europeo, e con l’esame dei tipi di tutela previsti. In particolare viene analizzato in che modo il maltrattamento sia preso in considerazione nel codice civile e penale, quali soluzioni e strumenti giuridici siano offerti dal nostro ordinamento, e quali siano le principali lacune legislative. L’esame dei casi clinici porta alla luce con piena evidenza la sussistenza di vuoti normativi e di come la tutela del minore maltrattato non sia garantita appieno. Emergono quindi con piena evidenza nelle conclusioni del lavoro le alcune e le criticità del sistema attuale, con conseguente ricaduta sulla tutela dei minori vittime di abuso e/o maltrattamento. Un primo problema riguarda l’inerzia del Tribunale per i Minorenni, che troppo spesso, di fronte ad una segnalazione e ad una diagnosi certa di maltrattamento, non prende provvedimenti nei confronti di genitori, in attesa di sviluppi da parte delle Procura che svolge le indagini. Questo è un punto cruciale: il Tribunale del Minorenni dovrebbe attivarsi tempestivamente per la tutela , in modo indipendente rispetto alle indagini volte alla ricerca del colpevole, che peraltro seguono i lunghi tempi della giustizia e dei processo. Il lavoro della Procura e del Tribunale Minori, dovrebbe rimanere su due piani distinti, in quanto le finalità degli stessi sono distinte, e la tutela del minore, in presenza di una diagnosi certa di abuso/maltrattamento, non può essere fatta dipendere dalla ricerca del colpevole. Il fatto poi che il Tribunale per i Minori non intervenga con provvedimenti temporanei nei confronti dei genitori (nel momento in cui si ha la certezza che il maltrattamento sia avvenuto in casa) ha una ricaduta anche sul piano operativo della presa in carico da parte dei sanitari. Spesso infatti i medici che devono svolgere visite, esami diagnostici, o comunque trattamenti sanitari sulla piccola vittima si trovano a dover chiedere il consenso informato al genitore maltrattante, a cui ancora compete la piena potestà . E’ di immediata comprensione la situazione di paralisi in cui possano venire a trovarsi i sanitari, che hanno necessità di curare il minore e si possono invece trovare di fronte al diniego del consenso da parte del genitore maltrattante. La manifestazione più eclatante infine delle lacune di tutela si ha nel caso in cui il minore maltrattato venga ricollocato nella casa familiare dove è avvenuto il maltrattamento, addirittura talvolta proprio allo specifico fine di assicurare il colpevole alla giustizia (bambino esca), o “semplicemente “ a causa di un mancata individuazione del colpevole e quindi, mancanza di provvedimenti nei confronti dei genitori. Questo appare non solo non condivisibile ma addirittura non ammissibile in uno stato di diritto che si occupa di tutte le garanzie del cittadino, in cui a questioni come la privacy viene data importanza fondamentale. Il progetto di lavoro, al fine di studiare e presentare nuove possibili prassi, individua come punto focale il “principio della prova sufficiente”. Ciò che si vuole portare alla luce è che la tutela del bambino e la ricerca dell’ autore del maltrattamento devono rimanere su pianti distinti e una tutela effettiva non può essere fatta dipendere dall’andamento delle indagini penali. Si parla di “prova sufficiente” perché, di fronte ad una diagnosi certa di abuso/maltrattamento questo deve essere di per sè sufficiente per attivare e garantire la piena protezione del minore, senza incertezze o tantomeno senza mettere il minore già maltrattato in situazione di ulteriore rischio. In presenza di una certezza clinica individuare il colpevole è senz’ altro fondamentale ma deve essere comunque secondario rispetto alla vita e alla salute del bambino. La certezza che il maltrattamento è avvenuto è il dato che deve far attivare tutto il sistema di protezione nei confronti del minore. Per questo è di fondamentale importanza che il Tribunale dei Minorenni mantenga la sua indipendenza rispetto al Tribunale ordinario /Procura, e adotti in maniera tempestiva i provvedimenti urgenti e necessari, che possono peraltro consentire una effettiva presa in carico del minore da parte degli operatori. Il nostro ordinamento e le legislazioni internazionali sanciscono in modo chiaro la primaria importanza della tutela dell’infanzia, e ciò deve essere garantito ancor più da parte delle Istituzioni laddove il bambino subisca violenza proprio da chi sarebbe deputato a proteggerlo: la famiglia
CORINI, ANTONIA. "Applicazione del diritto alimentare nell’Unione europea. Poteri pubblici e schemi privati per gestire le violazioni del diritto alimentare". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/39865.
Texto completoThe thesis analyses enforcement of EU food law. The analysis starts by concentrating on the EU Food Law central objectives and basic tools, its historical development and the issues it has aimed to face. Food Law Enforcement is analysed by examining food control systems in the European Union and their implementation by Food Business Operators as well as by the Competent Authorities in two Member States (Italy and The Netherlands). Cases are scrutinised where problems of enforcement or weaknesses of the system have come to light in dealing with various possible violations which concern food. The dissertation aims to show the shortcomings of the legal system and to contribute to solving them by developing a theoretical concept: that of behavioural infringements due to the human factor and of their impact on consumer economic interests. The dissertation, therefore, focuses on the most suitable instruments in dealing with these infringements by examining the newly adopted legislation and by looking at what can be learnt from different approaches chosen in the two Member States studies, including that of combining the Competent Authorities rules and activities to those of Private schemes.
CORINI, ANTONIA. "Applicazione del diritto alimentare nell’Unione europea. Poteri pubblici e schemi privati per gestire le violazioni del diritto alimentare". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/39865.
Texto completoThe thesis analyses enforcement of EU food law. The analysis starts by concentrating on the EU Food Law central objectives and basic tools, its historical development and the issues it has aimed to face. Food Law Enforcement is analysed by examining food control systems in the European Union and their implementation by Food Business Operators as well as by the Competent Authorities in two Member States (Italy and The Netherlands). Cases are scrutinised where problems of enforcement or weaknesses of the system have come to light in dealing with various possible violations which concern food. The dissertation aims to show the shortcomings of the legal system and to contribute to solving them by developing a theoretical concept: that of behavioural infringements due to the human factor and of their impact on consumer economic interests. The dissertation, therefore, focuses on the most suitable instruments in dealing with these infringements by examining the newly adopted legislation and by looking at what can be learnt from different approaches chosen in the two Member States studies, including that of combining the Competent Authorities rules and activities to those of Private schemes.
GURRIERI, CATERINA. "Tutelare la salute mentale. La distribuzione territoriale delle strutture residenziali nella regione Marche". Doctoral thesis, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11566/241995.
Texto completoCERVELLERA, Daniela. "Forme di tutela delle lavoratrici e dei lavoratori in tema di salute e sicurezza nei luoghi di lavoro. La sottostima dei rischi e la sottorappresentazione del genere femminile sul lavoro". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/28644.
Texto completoPANTINI, SARA. "Analysis and modelling of leachate and gas generation at landfill sites focused on mechanically-biologically treated waste". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Roma "Tor Vergata", 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2108/203393.
Texto completoCOCCONI, Monica. "L'organizzazione della tutela della salute". Doctoral thesis, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11381/2415001.
Texto completoPellegrino, Martina Vivirito. "Principio di precauzione e tutela della salute". Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/995363.
Texto completoLEI, MASSIMILIANO. "La tutela penale della salute e della sicurezza nei luoghi di lavoro". Doctoral thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917270.
Texto completoSALA, MICHELE. "L’assistenza farmaceutica fra tutela della salute, evoluzione delle politiche di controllo della spesa farmaceutica e prospettive future". Doctoral thesis, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1668402.
Texto completoDAVIGO, ELENA. "Il movimento italiano per la tutela della salute negli ambienti di lavoro (1961-1978)". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1131030.
Texto completoTAIANI, Rodolfo. "Un tesoro da salvaguardare : Organizzazione sanitaria e tutela della salute pubblicata in Trentino nella prima meta del XIX secolo". Doctoral thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5990.
Texto completoExamining board: Prof. Pietro Corsi, Università di Firenze ; Prof. Luisa Mangoni, Università di Trento ; Prof. Brigitte Mazohl-Wallnig, Università di Strasburgo ; Prof. Giuseppe Olmi, Università di Trento (supervisore esterno) ; Prof. Stuart Woolf, IUE (supervisore)
First made available online: 13 June 2016
TITTARELLI, ROBERTA. "Il ruolo del sistema nazionale di allerta precoce nella tutela della salute pubblica: strategie istituzionali e contributo tossicologico-forense per il contrasto alla diffusione delle nuove sostanze psicoattive". Doctoral thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1549416.
Texto completoCORTI, IVAN. "Ruolo dei mercati ittici quali osservatori epidemiologici per il monitoraggio di malattie zoonosiche, infettive, parassitarie, neoplastiche e tecnopatie a tutela del consumatore, della qualità dei prodotti, della salute animale e dell’ambiente". Doctoral thesis, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11570/3245333.
Texto completoBALLONI, MATTEO. "Strategie sanitarie comparate. Inghilterra e Stati Uniti, prove di convergenza tra modelli antitetici". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2158/1137778.
Texto completoIrene, Amoruso. "Salute pubblica e patogeni emergenti idrotrasmessi: implementazione dell'attività di monitoraggio e tutela delle risorse idropotabili lungo le filiere idriche integrate". Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3271050.
Texto completoBASILI, Silvia. "Gli attuali scenari del commercio internazionale dei prodotti agroalimentari, tra vecchie e nuove questioni di sicurezza alimentare: una riflessone comparatistica ta UE, USA e CINA". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251081.
Texto completoIAMMARINO, Debora. "Danno ambientale e responsabilità nella gestione dei rifiuti". Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251115.
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