Tesis sobre el tema "Tumor pathologies"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Tumor pathologies".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Tommasone, Stefano. "Synthesis of calixarene derivatives active towards proteic targets involved in tumor pathologies". Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2213.
Texto completoOver the last 30 years a growing interest has been direct toward the biomolecular recognition of calixarene derivatives and more in particular to the interaction with druggable target(s).1,2 The aim of this PhD thesis was the synthesis and the study of calixarenes that were able to interact with biomolecules involved in tumor pathologies. One of the main topic of this work was the synthesis of calix[4]arene conjugates bearing pyrenylisoxazolidine moieties at the exo rim which could act as potential DNA intercalators. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against different human tumor cell lines was also tested. Moreover, the biomolecular recognition abilities of designed calixarenes was studied through a chemical proteomics approach. As calix[n]arene scaffolds are particularly suitable for the synthesis of multivalent ligands,3 the attention was also focused on the synthesis of multivalent iminosugar-calix[8]arene conjugates for the inhibition of glycosidases. The synthesis, characterization and all the biomolecular recognition studies were herein described. [edited by author]
XIV n.s.
Barillot, Noëmie. "Nouvelles approches de machine learning pour l'analyse de données en pathologie numérique : application aux lymphomes primitifs du système nerveux central et extension à d'autres pathologies tumorales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS278.
Texto completoThis thesis explores the application of new machine learning (ML) approaches for data analysis in digital pathology, focusing on rare tumor pathologies. Three main studies are detailed, each using various ML techniques to improve the understanding and treatment of these diseases.The first study focuses on primary CNS lymphomas, a rare cancer affecting the central nervous system. The objective is to analyze digital slides of these lymphomas to predict the clinical outcomes of patients and identify specific molecular subgroups. This analysis aims to improve patient stratification and offer more personalized treatments. The use of advanced ML techniques has enabled the identification of distinct clinical progression patterns and molecular classification.The second study addresses ovarian tumors linked to anti-Yo paraneoplastic neurological syndrome, a rare condition where ovarian tumors cause neurological symptoms through aberrant immune responses. By utilizing automatic segmentation and pathomic texture analysis approaches, this study has classified tumors associated with paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration. The results show promising identification of these syndromes and significant differences in immune infiltrates, opening new avenues for understanding interactions between tumors and the immune system.The third study proposes a new method for normalizing digital slide images in HE staining based on optimal transport. This method aims to improve the comparability and quality of images used for classification and segmentation tasks. By demonstrating the benefits of this approach, the study shows how optimal transport can help standardize digital pathology images, facilitating more precise and reliable analysis. This technical advancement represents an important step toward integrating robust ML methods into everyday clinical practice.These studies highlight the potential of ML techniques to enhance the classification, segmentation, and analysis of rare tumors, offering promising prospects for clinical research and personalized patient treatment
Gjorgjieva, Monika. "Identification des mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans le développement des pathologies hépatiques et rénales dans des modèles murins de glycogénose de type 1a". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1007/document.
Texto completoGlycogen storage disease type I (GSDI) is a rare genetic disease, due to a deficiency in glucose-6 phosphatase (G6Pase), a key enzyme in the endogenous glucose production. Besides severe hypoglycemia, the loss of G6Pase leads to the accumulation of glycogen and lipids in the liver and kidneys. On the long term, most patients develop hepatic tumors and chronic kidney disease (CKD).The goal of this thesis was to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in hepatic carcinogenesis and CKD, thanks to viable and unique mouse models with specific deletion of G6Pase in the liver or kidneys, which exhibit all hallmarks of hepatic and renal pathologies, respectively.On a hepatic level, our study allowed us to highlight a « Warburg-like » metabolic reprogramming, very similar to what is observed in cancer cells, associated with a loss of cellular defenses and tumor suppressors. Furthermore, we showed that formation of hepatocellular adenoma, which transform later in carcinoma, occurs in the absence of liver fibrosis, due to the fact that pro-fibrotic pathways are not activated. In the kidneys, the study of CKD highlighted the development of renal cysts in mice with GSDI, as well as in the patients presenting an advanced stage of CKD. Finally, the last study on the activation of the oxidation of lipids, by treating the mice with fenofibrate, allowed us to suggest a deleterious role of lipid accumulation in the development of the hepatic and renal pathologies
Poenaru-Bernard, Oana. "Cytokines de la résorption et marqueurs du rémodelage dans le suivi thérapeutique de pathologies métaboliques osseuses". Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA077154.
Texto completoGjorgjieva, Monika. "Identification des mécanismes moléculaires impliqués dans le développement des pathologies hépatiques et rénales dans des modèles murins de glycogénose de type 1a". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1007.
Texto completoGlycogen storage disease type I (GSDI) is a rare genetic disease, due to a deficiency in glucose-6 phosphatase (G6Pase), a key enzyme in the endogenous glucose production. Besides severe hypoglycemia, the loss of G6Pase leads to the accumulation of glycogen and lipids in the liver and kidneys. On the long term, most patients develop hepatic tumors and chronic kidney disease (CKD).The goal of this thesis was to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in hepatic carcinogenesis and CKD, thanks to viable and unique mouse models with specific deletion of G6Pase in the liver or kidneys, which exhibit all hallmarks of hepatic and renal pathologies, respectively.On a hepatic level, our study allowed us to highlight a « Warburg-like » metabolic reprogramming, very similar to what is observed in cancer cells, associated with a loss of cellular defenses and tumor suppressors. Furthermore, we showed that formation of hepatocellular adenoma, which transform later in carcinoma, occurs in the absence of liver fibrosis, due to the fact that pro-fibrotic pathways are not activated. In the kidneys, the study of CKD highlighted the development of renal cysts in mice with GSDI, as well as in the patients presenting an advanced stage of CKD. Finally, the last study on the activation of the oxidation of lipids, by treating the mice with fenofibrate, allowed us to suggest a deleterious role of lipid accumulation in the development of the hepatic and renal pathologies
DADUCCI, Alessandro. "Advanced image-processing techniques in magnetic resonance imaging for the investigation of brain pathologies and tumour angiogenesis". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Verona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/343984.
Texto completoMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used in medical settings because of its ability to produce, non-invasively, high quality images of the inside of the human body. Since its introduction in early 70’s, more and more complex acquisition techniques have been proposed, raising MRI to be exploited in a wide spectrum of applications. Innovative MRI modalities, such as diffusion and functional imaging, require complex analysis techniques and advanced algorithms in order to extract useful information from the acquired data. The aim of the present work has been to develop and optimize state-of-the-art techniques to be applied in the analysis of MRI data both in experimental and clinical settings. During my doctoral program I have been actively involved in several research projects, each time facing many different issues. In this dissertation, however, I will report the results obtained in three most appealing projects I partecipated to. These projects were devoted (i) to the implementation of an innovative experimental protocol for functional MRI in laboratory animals, (ii) to the development of new methods for the analysis of Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI data in experimental tumour models and (iii) to the analysis of diffusion MRI data in stroke patients. Particular emphasis will be given to the technical aspects regarding the algorithms and processing methods used in the analysis of data.
Catrina, Sergiu-Bogdan. "Regulators of angiogenesis in diabetes and tumors /". Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-628-6682-6/.
Texto completoHebrant, Aline. "Pathologies thyroïdiennes et modèles in vitro: profils d'expression génique et phénotypes moléculaires". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210139.
Texto completoLa première partie du travail a consisté à réaliser un modèle d’étude in vitro pour caractériser les PTC au niveau moléculaire. A cet effet, des cultures primaires de thyrocytes ont été traitées avec de l’EGF et du sérum pendant différents temps (1,5h, 3h, 16h, 24h et 48h) ce qui stimule la cascade des MAPK, activée constitutivement dans les PTC. Nous avons hybridé sur des lames microarrays maison les différents échantillons et nous avons montré que les cultures primaires stimulées pendant des temps longs (24h et 48h) ont des profils d’expression génique qui ressemblent à ceux des PTC et constituent donc un bon modèle d’étude de cette tumeur.
La seconde partie a pour objectif de définir les phénotypes moléculaires et fonctionnels des FNAH et de les comparer aux AA. Ces deux pathologies résultent d’une mutation dans le récepteur de la TSH (TSHR) activant de manière constitutive la cascade de l’AMPc. Dans le cas des FNAH, la mutation est héréditaire et toute la glande est affectée contrairement aux AA où la mutation survient plus tard, généralement à l’âge adulte, et où seule une partie de la glande est affectée. Nous avons comparé le profil d’expression génique des FNAH avec celui des AA, par hybridation sur des lames microarrays HEEBO. L’intégration de ces différentes données montre que les AA et les FNAH sont deux sous-types différents de la même maladie: l’hyperthyroïdie génétique. Les caractéristiques de chacun de ces sous-types dépendent de l’intensité de la mutation, du nombre de cellules initialement affectées et du stade de développement au moment duquel la mutation survient.
Dans la dernière partie de ce travail, nous avons caractérisé les ATC au niveau du profil d’expression des ARNm et des miRNA par hybridation respectivement sur lames Affymetrix ou sur lames miRNA maison et au niveau de leur état mutationnel du gène p53. Le profil d’expression génique des ATC a été comparé avec celui des PTC afin de mettre en évidence des gènes différentiellement exprimés entre les 2 types de cancers, que nous avons ensuite tenté d’invalider par siRNA, dans un modèle in vitro de lignée cellulaire thyroïdienne dérivée d’un ATC (8505C). Les résultats obtenus jusqu’ici ne sont malheureusement pas prometteurs. Le profil d’expression des miRNA nous a permis d’identifier une signature de 34 miRNA caractéristique des ATC.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Elliott, Bradley Thomas. "Lipopolysaccharide-induced Inflammation Regulates Myostatin Expression in L6 cells via a Tumour Necrosis Factor-dependent Mechanism". Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26280/26280.pdf.
Texto completoWagner, Manuela. "Maligne Tumoren als Zufallsbefunde bei klinischen Obduktionen - Eine retrospektive Untersuchung am Obduktionsgut des Institutes für Pathologie des Universitätsklinikums Leipzig". Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2013. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-124575.
Texto completoJin, Ling. "Study of tumorigenesis by means of transgenic mouse models expressing RET/PTC3 rearrangement and E7 under control of bovine thyroglobulin promoter and CD1 mouse strain treated with acrylamide". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210285.
Texto completoIn the first part of the work, we studied two transgenic mouse models: the Tg-RET/PTC3 (Tg-RP3) mouse and the Tg-E7 mouse. Both strains express the human origin transgene (RET/PTC3 rearrangement or E7) exclusively in the thyroid under the control of the bovine thyroglobulin promoter.
Our study of these two models showed:
In both E7 and RET/PTC3 mouse models, the thyroids exhibited hyperplasia with own 'oncogene-dependent' follicular cell characteristics. Small follicular cells with hyperchromatic nuclei with an increased nucleus/cytoplasm ratio were numerous in the E7 mice, and large cells with convex apical border, a decreased nucleus/cytoplasm ratio, a pale nucleus and dispersed chromatin were found in the RET/PTC3 mice.
At 6, 10 months and later on, E7 mice developed huge heterogeneous, normal functional thyroid goiter, with no tumor formation.
As in previous studies on transgenic RET/PTC3 mouse models, the generally encountered features such as solid tumours were present. We also observed conventional variant of human PTC at late age (since 11 month-old) with quite low incidence (4%). In addition to solid and conventional variant PTCs, 28% of mice developed a peculiar big size thyroid tumor pattern with “proliferative papillary cystic changes with spindle cells and remodelling” and macrophage infiltration in the cysts at as early as 2 month of age; this kind of tumor histologically resembles the rare human young age 'diffused sclerosing' variant PTC (DSVP), but disappeared after 6 month. The other peculiar tumor exhibits morphological similarity with another rare human FAP-associated (Familial Adenomatous colonic polyposis) cribriform PTC, which showed a mixed architecture of several histological patterns (solid, follicular, cribriform). At 6 months, 26% of mice presented the cribriform tumor pattern.
From the analyse of the proliferation index in the two models, we conclude that RET/PTC3 fusion protein over stimulates MAPK and Akt/PKB-signalling pathways, through Ras-Raf-Mek-Erk, Ras-PI3-K/Akt/PKB, particularly in the large cells which were strongly positive for three proliferation markers. E7 bypasses these two pathways, by directly binding to Rb1 protein and releasing the E2F transcription factor which induces cell proliferation.
So RET/PTC3 and E7 mice present several morphologic features which mimic human PTC tumors; RET/PTC3 could therefore be used as a partial model for human PTCs.
Further investigation of gene expression will allow the characterization of the molecular phenotype of the observed variants.
In the second part of the work, we attempted to generate by xenobiotic administration an in vivo model of thyroid carcinoma. Chronic exposure of CD1 mice to acrylamide in the drinking water during 6 and 8 months at doses of 3mg/kg per day similar to those causing thyroid tumorigenesis after 2 years in rats, did not induce any thyroid tumors whatever the level of thyroid stimulation.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Goffard, Jean-Christophe. "Etude du profil d'expression génique de pathologies tumorales thyroïdiennes se développant dans différents modèles de souris transgéniques". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209983.
Texto completoLa PCR quantitative en temps réel a été utilisé pour confirmer et quantifier la différence d’expression des gènes d’intérêts entre les thyroïdes de souris contrôles de même souche et les thyroïdes issues de souris transgéniques. La PCR en temps réel permet de monitorer à l’aide d’un signal fluorescent émis lors de l’hydrolyse d’une sonde, la quantité d’amplicons produite dans la réaction. La courbe d’amplification se caractérise par une phase exponentielle, suivie par une phase non exponentielle se terminant par un plateau. Contrairement aux idées reçues, nous avons pu démontrer que le plateau était expliqué par la déplétion de la sonde hydrolysée par la Taq polymérase lors de la réaction d’amplification. Dès lors que l’hydrolyse de la sonde reflète quantitativement la synthèse d’amplicons, la fluorescence produite dans la phase exponentielle de la réaction reflète la concentration des amplicons produits. Nous avons donc, sur base de ces observations pu estimer la quantité d’ADN complémentaire engagé dans la réaction en se basant directement sur les données de fluorescence d’une seule courbe de PCR en temps réel sans passer par une courbe de calibration utilisant une quantité connue d’ADN complémentaire.
Doctorat en Sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Allard, Marc-Antoine. "Hétérogénéité tumorale spatiale et temporelle : description et conséquences thérapeutiques dans les cancers colo-rectaux". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS107.
Texto completoTumor heterogeneity is a typical feature of cancer. It is observed in the majority of solid malignancies regardless of the point of view: clinical, biological, pathological, and genetic. Different levels of heterogeneity have been described: interpatient, spatial heterogeneity (within the primary tumor, between primary and distant lesion) and temporal heterogeneity (tumor evolution under the influence of treatment). Tumor heterogeneity widely explains the emergence of resistant clones to anticancer drugs. The objective of the current thesis was to explore tumor heterogeneity at a clinical, pathological and genetic level, by using the model of hepatectomy for colorectal liver metastases (CLM).In the article 1, we studied pathological response to chemotherapy in patients operated on for CLM after either systemic or intra-arterial hepatic oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy. We showed that complete pathological response was more often observed after intra-arterial chemotherapy and yield far better outcomes. However, complete response was observed in a minority of patients. We hypothesized that uncomplete pathological response encompass a large group of patients with different oncological outcomes. This lead us to propose a reproducible method (article 2) to assess pathological response, including size and number of nodules. Pathological review found heterogeneity in the response among nodules within the same patients and in the type of pathological features (necrosis, fibrosis). We then explore the prognostic value of pathological heterogeneity and sought to identify predictors of heterogeneity. A dissociated response (difference in pathological response > 50% between two nodules) was observed in XX and did not impact long-term outcomes. IN patients with dissociated response, genetic heterogeneity (mutation and no mutation for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF and PI3K) between metastases was shown in 28% of patients (article 3). To study genetic heterogeneity according to tumor location and the tumor tissue analyzed (specimen, biopsy), we used data from the department of molecular biology (article 4). We found that liver metastases were more often wild type for KRAS, NRAS, BRAF compared to lung metastases or primary tumors. In the article 5, we then sought to evaluate intrametastatic heterogeneity (KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, PI3K) within a single liver metastasis (2 samples per tumor). Among the 54 patients with single lesion analyzed, a discrepancy for KRAS (n=2) and BRAF (n=1) were observed un 3 patients (5%). This work confirms that tumor heterogeneity can be observed at various levels. Elaboration of new therapeutical strategies will have to take this aspect into consideration
Wattel, Sandrine. "Etude de l'expression génique de deux pathologies thyroïdiennes: les adénomes autonomes hyperfonctionnels et les cancers papillaires". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210625.
Texto completoL’étude des profils d’expression génique de 9 carcinomes papillaires thyroïdiens sporadiques et de 13 carcinomes papillaires post-Chernobyl a été effectuée en utilisant les lames commerciales de Perkin-Elmer (comportant 2400 cDNA) et en les comparant à leurs tissus normaux adjacents. Les PTC post-Tchernobyl constituent une population de cancers à cause bien définie puisqu’ils sont directement reliés à l’exposition du même agent mutagène, pendant une même période. L’étude des profils d’expression indique qu’il n’y a pas de signature génique spécifique permettant de distinguer les carcinomes papillaires sporadiques des post-Tchernobyl. La comparaison de ces profils d’expression à celui obtenu avec 13 adénomes autonomes a permis de mettre en évidence une signature de 6 gènes (créatine kinase B, annexine A1, clusterine, métallothionéine 1x, Fc fragment of IgG binding protein et tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1) séparant les carcinomes papillaires malins des adénomes autonomes bénins.
Nous avons également analysé l’expression génique sur des mélanges de tumeurs et de leurs contrôles respectifs sur des lames à 17000 cDNA fabriquées au MAF (VIB Microarray Facility, Leuven). Un mélange de 14 cancers papillaires sporadiques, un mélange de 20 cancers papillaires provenant de la région de Tchernobyl et un mélange de 5 adénomes autonomes ont été analysés par microarray et comparés aux études existantes comme celles effectuées sur les lames Perkin-Elmer ou par d’autres groupes (Huang et al, 2001 ;Wasenius et al, 2003 ;Jarzab et al, 2005 ;Eszlinger et al, 2004).
De ces données microarray ont résulté des listes de gènes sur- et sous-exprimés dans les tumeurs comparées à leurs tissus normaux adjacents. Plusieurs gènes différentiellement exprimés ont déjà été confirmés dans différentes études réalisées aussi bien dans notre laboratoire que dans d’autres. Nous avons confirmé la modulation de plusieurs gènes intéressants par RT-PCR en temps réel (Taqman) ainsi que certaines modulations au niveau protéique (par Western Blot ou immunohistochimie). L’étude immunohistochimique nous a donné également des informations sur la distribution cellulaire et tissulaire de ces protéines.
La modulation d’expression génique dans ces tumeurs reflète des caractéristiques physiopathologiques connues (comme l’hyperactivité fonctionnelle, la faible augmentation de l’AMPc ou encore la diminution de l’apoptose dans les adénomes autonomes et la dédifférenciation ou l’invasivité dans les carcinomes papillaires), mais elle nous a également permis d’identifier des caractéristiques physiopathologiques jusqu’ici encore inconnues de ces tumeurs (comme la surexpression de la N-cadhérine et la diminution de la cavéoline1, deux marqueurs présumés de malignité, dans les tumeurs bénignes et un changement de population cellulaire aussi bien dans les adénomes autonomes que dans les carcinomes papillaires). Ces études nous ont donc permis de définir des gènes potentiellement importants dans la pathologie des différentes tumeurs étudiées, mais également des nouveaux marqueurs diagnostiques potentiels. Ainsi, l’étude immunohistochimique sur des tissu-arrays nous a permis de confirmer la surexpression de l’annexine A1 dans les carcinomes papillaires et de la créatine kinase B dans les adénomes autonomes et pas dans les autres tumeurs thyroïdiennes étudiées. L’immunomarquage de ces protéines nous a également aidé à définir la malignité d’une série d’adénomes atypiques. L’annexine A1 est un marqueur potentiel particulièrement intéressant car cette protéine n’est fortement exprimée que dans les carcinomes papillaires. Une hypothèse, encore à confirmer, sur sa fonction dans cette pathologie est décrite dans ce travail. Finalement, nous avons émis une hypothèse expliquant la raison pour laquelle les réarrangements Ret/PTC mènent à la formation de carcinomes papillaires, tandis qu’une mutation activatrice de Ras, l’effecteur directe du récepteur à activité tyrosine kinase Ret, mène à la formation de tumeurs folliculaires.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Martínez, Marisol Martínez 1982. "Estudo comparativo das características clínico-patológicas e imunohistoquímicas de tumores odontogênicos malignos e benignos = Comparative study of clinico-pathologic features of malignant and benign odontogenic tumors". [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/288357.
Texto completoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-26T10:32:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Martinez_MarisolMartinez_D.pdf: 11593706 bytes, checksum: 9204e3ab03e2563ba5f0fa74b21ca2e2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014
Resumo: Os tumores odontogênicos (TO) são um grupo heterogêneo de lesões derivadas de tecidos dentários, que ocorrem nos ossos gnáticos e tecidos adjacentes. Os TO são raros, na grande maioria benignos, representando menos de 4% de todos os espécimes recebidos em laboratórios de patologia bucal. Os TO malignos frequentemente apresentam dificuldades para diagnóstico e correta classificação, com vários pontos ainda não bem esclarecidos. O objetivo desse trabalho foi comparar as características clínicas, histológicas e imunohistoquímicas do carcinoma ameloblástico (CA) e fibrosarcoma ameloblástico (FSA) e dos seus respectivos correspondentes benignos ou seja ameloblastoma (AM) e fibroma ameloblástico (FA). O carcinoma escamocelular intra-ósseo primário (CEIP) também foi comparado com carcinoma escamocelular de mucosa bucal (CEMB). Foi avaliada a expressão imunohistoquímica de citoqueratinas 5, 7, 8, 14, 19, marcadores de proliferação celular Ki-67, p53, p63 e moléculas de adesão celular CD138 (Syndecan), E-cadherin e ?-catenin. Os resultados mostraram que o CA expressaram mais altos níveis Ki-67, p53 e p63 do que AM por tanto, poderiam ser usados como marcadores para diferenciar essas duas lesões. A expressão de CKs 5 e 19 foram alteradas com relação ao padrão observado em AM, pelo que alterações genéticas de essas proteínas poderiam estar presentes nas células malignas. CK19 pode ser um bom marcador para tumores odontogênicos benignos como AM mas não em malignos pois a expressão nestes é variável. Nas moléculas de adesão celular particularmente CD138 não foi observada diminuição da expressão em AC comparada com AM. As características histológicas assim como o perfil imunohistoquímico do CEMB e CEIP foram similares, por tanto, sugere-se que as características clínicas e radiográficas sejam os principais parâmetros para ser considerados no diagnóstico. Nos casos de fibroma ameloblástico (FA) e fibrosarcoma ameloblástico (AFS) a expressão de CKs foi similar em intensidade e localização e Ki-67 em FSA foi mais alto comparado com FA enquanto que p53 foi negative e ambas lesões. A expressão das moléculas de adesão foi similar em ambas lesões sendo mais intensa com CD138. Finalmente, foram ilustradas as características clínicas e histopatológicas de um caso de fibroodontoma ameloblástico pigmentado e um caso de CEIP originado a partir da transformação maligna de um queratocisto
Abstract: Odontogenic tumors correspond to a heterogenous group of lesions derived from dental tissues, involving the jaws and adjacent tissues. OT are rare, the majority benign, representing less than 4% of all specimens of an oral pathology laboratory. OTs frequently present difficulties for the correct diagnosis and classification, with various points yet to be clarified. The objective of this study was to analyze the clinical, histological and the expression of immunohistochemical markers in malignant odontogenic tumors and the benign counterparts. We assessed CK5, 7, 8, 14, 19, Ki-67, p53, p63, CD138 (Syndecan), E-cadherin and ?-catenin expression by immunohistochemistry in 15 and 9 cases of ameloblastoma (AM) and ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) respectively. Dez cases of primary intraosseous squamous cell carcinoma (PIOSCC), 9 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of mouth (OSCC), 8 cases of ameloblastic fibroma and ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (AFS). Also, these were compared expression patterns between these groups. In summary, Ki-67, p53 and p63 expression were higher in AC than in AM and could be used as markers of malignant transformation of AM. CKs 5 and 19 expression in AC are altered in relation to the pattern found in AM, also CK19 is a good marker for benign odontogenic tumors as AM. Our results do not permit to confirm that expression of CD138, is decreased in AC in relation to AM. The histological features as well as the immunohistochemical profile of OSCC and PIOSCC were similar, therefore, suggests that the clinical and radiographic features are the main parameters to be considered for diagnosis. In both AF and AFS the CKs expression in odontogenic islands was similar in intensity and localization, except CK7 that in most cases of AF was focally positive, while in AFS most cases were negative. Ki-67 proliferative index was higher in AFS that in AF, and p53 was negativo in both lesions. Expression of adhesion molecules was similar in AF and AFS, being most intense for CD138
Doutorado
Patologia
Doutora em Estomatopatologia
Enzo, Maria Vittoria. "Analysis of blood-based markers as predicting tools of pathologic tumour response in rectal cancer patients receiving neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423392.
Texto completoLa radiochemioterapia neoadiuvante (pCRT) è un protocollo standard accettato per il trattamento di pazienti con cancro rettale localmente avanzato. Il trattamento preoperatorio multimodale è stato introdotto per la riduzione dello stadio del tumore, per l’aumento della risposta completa patologica e per il controllo locale della malattia. Tuttavia la risposta patologica al trattamento non è uniforme e varia da una risposta completa alla resistenza totale. La scoperta di nuovi marcatori molecolari in grado di predire la risposta del tumore è sicuramente di grande interesse al fine di personalizzare la terapia, riducendo così i tempi, i costi e gli effetti collaterali nei pazienti con tumori resistenti. Molti potenziali biomarcatori sono stati valutati con l’obiettivo di prevedere la risposta alla pCRT, e di attuare terapie mirate. Finora molti studi su singolo o multi-marcatore sono stati eseguiti prevalentemente su biopsie di tessuto pre-trattamento. I risultati ottenuti, tuttavia, erano spesso contrastanti dimostrando l'eterogeneità individuale della risposta tumorale al trattamento. Inoltre, la predizione della risposta istopatologica alla pCRT è complicata dall’interazione e dal coinvolgimento del microambiente che può modulare la sensibilità del tumore al trattamento. In questo studio, abbiamo sviluppato metodi di analisi di biomarcatori su sangue, al fine di valutare la risposta del tumore al trattamento in un contesto più ampio, che rende conto non solo dell’ambiente strettamente tumorale, ma che prende in considerazione anche il microambiente come parte di un sistema unico. Infatti, la natura non invasiva del materiale biologico analizzato e il dinamismo per cui molecole differenti possono essere rilevate secondo lo stato fisiologico e patologico dell’organismo, ci hanno permesso di monitorare la risposta lungo il tempo di somministrazione del trattamento. In particolare, ci siamo concentrati su due diversi tipi di molecole circolanti: il DNA libero da cellule (cfDNA) e i peptidi a basso peso molecolare (Low Molecular Weight, LMW). In particolare, abbiamo studiato la presenza, la quantità e l’integrità del cfDNA durante il trattamento radio-chemioterapico. A questo scopo abbiamo misurato la concentrazione e l'integrità del cfDNA (cfDNA integrity=cfDNA apoptotico/cfDNA totale) in uno studio prospettico di plasma di pazienti con carcinoma rettale localmente avanzato, raccolto prima della pCRT, dopo due settimane dall'inizio del trattamento e dopo la pCRT. Abbiamo valutato l'associazione di questi marcatori con la risposta istologica alla chemio-radio terapia, dimostrando la presenza di diversa cinetica nell’integrità del cfDNA, in associazione con la risposta tumorale. Nel plasma, abbiamo quindi studiato il peptidoma circolante a basso peso molecolare, al fine di trovare potenziali differenze nel profilo peptidico che potessero riflettere la risposta tumorale. Per superare le difficoltà tecniche nella rilevazione dei peptidi circolanti a basso peso molecolare, abbiamo utilizzato una strategia basata sull’esclusione dimensionale di un chip di silice mesoporosa (MSC), sviluppato dal Dipartimento Nanomedicina del The Methodist Hospital Research Institute di Houston, Texas. Questo dispositivo mesoporoso, in combinazione con l’utilizzo dello spettrometro di massa MALDI-TOF MS (Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time Of Flight Mass Spectrometry), consente l'efficiente rimozione di grandi proteine e l'isolamento del peptidoma circolante da campioni di fluidi corporei. Abbiamo analizzato il plasma di pazienti con cancro rettale, prelevato in diversi tempi (prima, durante, dopo la chemio-radio terapia) e stratificati secondo la risposta positiva o negativa alla pCRT. L'analisi multivariata del profilo peptidico nei diversi tempi di analisi ha identificato combinazioni di peptidi che evidenziavano un’elevata capacità discriminante della risposta tumorale. In particolare, il modello di regressione logistica ha evidenziato, prima della pCRT, una combinazione di cinque specie ioniche capace di identificare i pazienti che non rispondono al trattamento, con una sensibilità e una specificità del 80%; mentre la stessa analisi con i campioni raccolti dopo la pCRT, ha identificato un'altra combinazione di cinque specie ioniche che evidenziano una sensibilità del 80% e una specificità del 85%. Inoltre, l'identificazione delle sequenze amminoacidiche di alcune tra le specie ioniche discriminanti la risposta alla pCRT, hanno rivelato la presenza di frammenti proteici che possono essere direttamente o indirettamente utili per ulteriori indagini sui meccanismi di resistenza del tumore rettale alla radio-chemio terapia neo-adiuvante
Bollard, Julien. "Tumeurs neuroendocrines gastroentéropancréatiques : recherche de nouveaux mécanismes de progression tumorale et de nouvelles cibles thérapeutiques". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00987973.
Texto completoJureidini, Ricardo. "Análise da densidade da microvasculatura e da expressão do gene p53 no adenocarcinoma pancreático". Universidade de São Paulo, 2009. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5154/tde-25022010-170949/.
Texto completoThe prognostic significance of microvessel density and the p53 expression was evaluated. Between 1993 and 2006, 49 patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma were ressected with curative intention. Specimens were stained immunohistochemically with antibodies anti- p53 anti-CD34. Microvessel density (MVD) was assessed scanning ten areas of the tumoral section and counted at a high power in an adequate area. The MVD ranged from 21,2 to 54,2 vessels/mm2 (mean 46,2 vessels/mm2). Specific nuclear staining for p53 was determined positive in 20 patients (40,8%). The overall median survival was 24,1 months after resection and there was no difference in survival rates according to the MVD and p53 positivity. There was also no relation between the MVD and p53 expression. MVD and p53 expression could not predict survival in these patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. There was no correlation with p53 expression and intratumoral microvessel density. High MVD was associated with tumor size grater than 3,0 cm and positive margins
Lindahl, Thomas. "Prognostic markers in breast cancer associated with cell cycle control, proliferation and angiogenesis /". Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-860-2/.
Texto completoBayen, Eléonore. "L'aide informelle apportée aux personnes jeunes atteintes de handicap neurologique : analyse économique de quatre modèles neuro-pathologiques". Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090022.
Texto completoThe purpose of this thesis is to achieve an economic analysis of informal caregiving of young adults living at home and suffering from a severe neurological disease. The research questions the relationship between the organization of informal care and kinetics of neurological pathology. The methodology is based on the construction of four neuro-pathological and economic models on the one hand, and on the constitution of four representative cohorts, each with a hundred pairs of "patients-caregivers" on the other. Thus, models of brutal disease stabilized with residual disability, progressive disease with increasing disability, fast kinetics disease and neuro-degenerative hereditary disease are respectively illustrated by traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, malignant brain tumor and Huntington's Disease. Our work (1) highlights the economic characteristics of informal caregivers (young spouses) who are highly involved in the production of care, expert of complex care and therapeutic pathways and destabilized in their professional careers (2) demonstrates that the kinetics of neurological disease predicts the economic behavior of informal caregivers : taking account of different time indicators is crucial for economic analysis in neurodisability (3) shows that a two-dimensional subjective and objective outcome measure is necessary in the analysis of the burden of informal caregivers. Such a double indicator first stresses the inadequate use of publicly funded professional care ; it also points out the impact of cognitive-behavioral disorders (so-called “invisible disability”) and of the home neuro-palliative phase on caregivers in case of a severe neurological disease. These results open perspectives for the development of public action measures in France in the complex field of neurological disability
Melo, Camila Morais. "Envolvimento das galectinas na angiogênese tumoral em modelo de melanoma murino e associação com o microambiente tumoral via receptores toll-like". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5155/tde-06012016-135928/.
Texto completoMelanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer. This tumor often presents itself resistant to therapeutic approaches. The tumor-associated angiogenesis is a critical step in tumorigenesis and the result of the action of several cytokines and growth factors such as VEGF produced in the tumor microenvironment. The extracellular galectins participate in multiple biological processes including tumor angiogenesis and metastasis, their interaction with cells present in the tumor microenvironment may occur via toll-like receptors suggesting their involvement in pro-inflammatory processes and the secretion of cytokines. We have recently shown that the absence of Gal-3 the stroma and tumor parenchyma decreases angiogenesis by interfering with the macrophage response by VEGF and / or TGFbeta1. However, the involvement of extracellular galectins on angiogenesis modulation of the immune system in the tumor microenvironment is not yet clear. This study aims is to find answers to the involvement of galectins on tumor growth and angiogenesis contributing to the study of the malignant melanoma. Our results demonstrate the involvement of galectin 1 and 3 on tumor growth and its involvement in macrophage by toll-like receptors pathway, and coordinating the modulation of the polarization profile in wild-type mice bone marrow derived macrophages. Therefore, we show these galectins act as coordinators of macrophages profile change, since inhibited extracellularly promote a reduction in tumor growth in wild-type mice inoculated with murine melanoma cells and macrophages M1 maintenance of profile in vitro. Thus, we conclude that galectins 1 and 3 extracellular are important for tumor growth of murine melanomas because they promote tumor growth and are coordinators of change macrophages profile
De, Keyzer Yves. "Etude de l'expression du gene de la proopiomelanocortine dans les tissus sains et pathologiques chez l'homme". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066452.
Texto completoLaifa, Oumeima. "A joint discriminative-generative approach for tumour angiogenesis assessment in computational pathology". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS230.
Texto completoAngiogenesis is the process through which new blood vessels are formed from pre-existing ones. During angiogenesis, tumour cells secrete growth factors that activate the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells and stimulate over production of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The fundamental role of vascular supply in tumour growth and anti-cancer therapies makes the evaluation of angiogenesis crucial in assessing the effect of anti-angiogenic therapies as a promising anti-cancer therapy. In this study, we establish a quantitative and qualitative panel to evaluate tumour blood vessels structures on non-invasive fluorescence images and histopathological slide across the full tumour to identify architectural features and quantitative measurements that are often associated with prediction of therapeutic response. We develop a Markov Random Field (MFRs) and Watershed framework to segment blood vessel structures and tumour micro-enviroment components to assess quantitatively the effect of the anti-angiogenic drug Pazopanib on the tumour vasculature and the tumour micro-enviroment interaction. The anti-angiogenesis agent Pazopanib was showing a direct effect on tumour network vasculature via the endothelial cells crossing the whole tumour. Our results show a specific relationship between apoptotic neovascularization and nucleus density in murine tumor treated by Pazopanib. Then, qualitative evaluation of tumour blood vessels structures is performed in whole slide images, known to be very heterogeneous. We develop a discriminative-generative neural network model based on both learning driven model convolutional neural network (CNN), and rule-based knowledge model Marked Point Process (MPP) to segment blood vessels in very heterogeneous images using very few annotated data comparing to the state of the art. We detail the intuition and the design behind the discriminative-generative model, and we analyze its similarity with Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). Finally, we evaluate the performance of the proposed model on histopathology slide and synthetic data. The limits of this promising framework as its perspectives are shown
THEDREZ, PHILIPPE. "Ciblage therapeutique des cancers ovariens par des anticorps monoclonaux radiomarques". Nantes, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NANT2004.
Texto completoRafla, Mona Helmy. "Cancer de la vessie avec schistosomiase : modeles pronostiques de recidive et leur evaluation". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077149.
Texto completoLefranc, Florence. "Caractérisation de divers effets biologiques provoqués par la gastrine au niveau de gliomes et de gliosarcomes expérimentaux". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211044.
Texto completoNous avons au préalable tenté de caractériser par une technique de RT-PCR l’expression d’ARN pour divers récepteurs à la gastrine au sein de tumeurs du système nerveux central et périphérique (comprenant des gliomes, des méningiomes et des schwannomes), au sein de gliomes et d’un gliosarcome expérimentaux, et au sein de cellules endothéliales humaines de veines ombilicales HUVEC et de manchons vasculaires obtenus par microdissection au laser d’un glioblastome humain. Nous avons également développé un modèle de neurochirurgie expérimentale chez le rat consistant en la résection microchirurgicale de la tumeur cérébrale après un bilan iconographique par IRM. Nous avons ainsi montré que l’administration de gastrine dans le foyer opératoire après résection tumorale augmente significativement la période de survie de rats immunodéficients porteurs du modèle de gliome humain U373 et de rats conventionnels porteurs du modèle C6 de rat. In vitro, nous avons montré grâce au test colorimétrique MTT que la gastrine induit une diminution significative du taux global de croissance de ces deux modèles avec une accumulation des astrocytes tumoraux dans la phase G1 de leur cycle cellulaire. Par la technique de Western blotting nous avons également montré que la gastrine induit une diminution significative des taux protéiques du complexe cycline D3-Cdk4 dans les deux modèles expérimentaux. Nous avons montré que la gastrine est capable de réduire significativement l’invasion des modèles C6 de rat, U373 humain et de gliosarcome 9L de rat au travers d’une matrice de collagène et de réduire l’invasion des cellules U373 en chambre de Boyden. La gastrine modifie également significativement la motilité des cellules C6 et U373 et l’organisation de leur cytosquelette d’actine.
Nous avons découvert que la gastrine administrée en intracérébral dans le foyer tumoral U373 augmente significativement le taux d’angiogenèse au sein de la tumeur. Nous avons alors investigué l’effet de la gastrine et des antagonistes des récepteurs à cholécystokinine sur le taux d’angiogenèse in vitro en utilisant le modèle des cellules HUVEC cultivées sur Matrigel. L’effet pro-angiogénique in vitro et in vivo de la gastrine est significativement contrecarré par le produit L365,260, un antagoniste relativement spécifique du récepteur CCK-B de la gastrine. La gastrine est chémoattractante sur les cellules HUVEC et augmente significativement leur sécrétion d’IL-8. Toutefois l’effet pro-angiogénique de la gastrine serait en partie dépendant de la modification du taux d’expression des sélectines par les cellules HUVEC, et non de la sécrétion d’IL-8. Nous avons réalisé une revue de la littérature pour tenter de comprendre pourquoi les astrocytes tumoraux migrants sont résistants à la chimiothérapie conventionnelle. A la fin du chapitre Discussion, dans le sous-chapitre intitulé « Quels sont les espoirs thérapeutiques dans le cas des gliomes dits diffus? », nous tentons d’analyser les implications thérapeutiques potentielles qu’il serait possible de tirer du présent travail.
Doctorat en sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Kass, Youssef Khalil. "Identification of cellular origin and molecular mechanism in basal and squamous cell carcinomas". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209771.
Texto completoBCCs result from aberrant activation of HH signaling and several mouse models carrying mutations in HH signaling genes are capable to form tumors resembling to human BCCs.
To identify the cell lineage at the origin of BCC and to investigate the role of stem cells in tumor initiation, we followed a genetic approach where we conditionally expressed SmoM2 oncogene (a constitutively active Smoothened mutant) in distinct skin epidermal compartments including SCs. Targeting basal epidermis cells, showed that only SmoM2-clones in the inter follicular epidermis (IFE) and the infundibulum can progress into BCC, whereas SmoM2 expression in Bulge SCs or in matrix transit amplifying progenitor cells never leads to BCC formation. Progressively after SmoM2 expression, tumor-initiating cells lose their normal differentiation to adopt a hair placode-like shape and markers, demonstrating that biochemical and morphological tumour features can be misleading in extrapolating their cellular origin.
The molecular changes occurring in tumor initiating cells and the mechanisms regulating the early steps of cancer development are poorly characterized for the majority of tumors. To address these questions in BCC, we took advantage of our ability to isolate SmoM2 expressing cells at different stages of tumor initiation and progression. Transcriptional profiling of SmoM2-basal IFE cells isolated one week (normal histology) and 4 weeks (dysplastic lesion), suggests that adult IFE cells undergo a reprogramming into embryonic hair follicle (EHFP) like fate. In addition, we showed that Wnt/β-catenin signaling is essential for BCC initiating cell reprogramming into EHFP like fate and for tumor initiation in a cell autonomous manner. Finally, we show that EHFP reprogramming occurs also in human BCCs in addition to the presence of a similar canonical Wnt activation signature to the one revealed in the SmoM2-BCC mouse model.
SCC is the second most frequent skin cancers after BCC and mutations in p53 and Ras genes has been suggested to be potentially the primary events in this tumour. SCCs present signs of squamous differentiation, suggesting that SCCs may originate from the inter follicular epidermis (IFE). To identify the cell lineage at the origin of SCC and the role of the hair follicle SCs in tumor initiation, we use a genetic tools driving oncogenic KRas (KRasG12D) expression at physiological levels in different epidermal compartments.
Targeting KRasG12D expression in bulge SCs and their progeny or in IFE results in benign tumor development with no sign of malignant transformation. In contrast, KRasG12D expression in HF Transit amplifying (TA) matrix cells do not promotes any macroscopic tumors or microscopic defects in the epidermis. Interestingly, papillomas arising from the IFE express follicular markers such as CD34 and K17, indicating that the expression of HF markers by tumor cells does not necessarily reflect their cellular origin. Using a combination of deletion of both p53 alleles together with KRasG12D expression, we showed that bulge SCs and/or their progeny but not HF matrix TA cells, promote SCC formation, suggesting that additional genetic hits such as p53 are required to promote full-blown invasive skin SCC.
In summary, our work demonstrated the non-follicular origin of BCC resulting from Smo mutation, as well as the implication of the IFE progenitors in tumor initiation. We also revealed the progressive reprogramming of BCC initiating cells towards an EHFP-like fate and the key role of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in this process. In contrast, we showed the competence of several epidermal lineages to initiate benign tumors upon expression of KRasG12D oncogene at physiological levels. We also demonstrated that lineage -specific markers expression within tumor cells does not necessarily reflect their cellular origin. Finally, we demonstrated the requirement of additional hits, such as P53 loss, to promote malignant progression in the context of oncogenic Ras.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Skorobogatska, V. "Innovations in medicine". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/62823.
Texto completoOliveira, Rita de Cássia. "Perfil de expressão de microRNAs envolvidos na regulação de genes associados à angiogênese no carcinoma renal das células claras". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5153/tde-26012017-102913/.
Texto completoBACKGROUND: There are more than 200,000 cases of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) each year in the world, accounting for approximately 2% of all cancers. RCC clear cell type (ccRCC) is the most common subtype of RCC and accounts for 75 to 80% of the cases with highest rates of local invasion, development of metastasis and mortality. New target therapy is based on antiangiogenic antibodies and molecules, changing the course of the disease, but the results so far are disappointing. OBJECTIVES: Our aim is to study miRNAs and their target genes related to angiogenesis in ccRCC trying to bring some new knowledge to the molecular pathways related to the disease. METHODS: The expression levels of miRNAs miR-99a, 99b, 100; 199a; 106a; 106b; 29a; 29b; 29c; 126; 200a, 200b and their respective target genes: mTOR, HIF1-Î ±, VHL, PDGF, VEGF, VEGFR1 and VEGFR2 were evaluated using alfaRT-PCR.in snap-frozen tumor tissue samples from 56 patients diagnosed with ccRCC and 5 samples of benign renal tissue as control. The results were related to tumor size, Fuhrman nuclear grade and microvascular invasion, considering the risk criteria proposed by Dall\'Oglio et al. (2007). RESULTS: We compared the expression of genes with their possible regulatory miRNAs, and we found that mTOR was underexpressed while miR99a was overexpressed in most samples. This relationship also occurs between VEGFA and miR126 and between miRNAs 106a, 106b, and their target gene VHL. Considering the risk groups the overexpression of miR200b was associated with high-risk patients (p = 0.01) and the overexpression of miR126 was associated with lower Fuhrman grade (I-II) (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that in ccRCC there is an unbalance in the expression of genes and miRNAs related to angiogenesis and cell proliferation and survival. Furthermore with our findings we can speculate the role of miR200b and miR126 in the prognostic of ccRCC. We believe that the relationship between miRNAs and their respective genes should be more profoundly searched as markers and possible therapeutic agents in this neoplasia
Kinkade, Rebecca. "Rb-Raf-1 interaction as a therapeutic target for proliferative disorders". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2008. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0002426.
Texto completoBERNARD, DOMINIQUE. "Expression des antigenes hla-dr par le tissu mammaire dans les cancers du sein". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986CLF2E367.
Texto completoHendlisz, Alain. "Multimodality imaging for treatment response prediction in colorectal cancer". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209109.
Texto completo1) Le premier projet explore l’imagerie multimodale comme un outil d’individualisation pour la radio-embolisation (microsphères chargées en 90Yttrium) chez des patients porteurs d’un CCR métastatique au niveau du foie, pour laquelle l’imagerie morphologique classique est incapable de mesurer l’effet thérapeutique. Nous montrons que l’usage non sélectif de la radio-embolisation améliore l’histoire clinique de ces patients, bien que certains d’entre eux ne semblent pas en bénéficier. Ensuite, par une analyse multimodale lésion par lésion intégrant angiographie-CT Scan, FDG-PET/CT et scintigraphie aux macro-agrégats d’albumine marqués au 99mTechnetium, nous démontrons que la distribution pré-thérapeutique des macro-agrégats d’albumine est hétérogène entre les différentes lésions des patients et prédictive de la réponse métabolique au sein de ces lésions, permettant le développement d’un outil de prédiction et de planification pour la radio-embolisation.
2) Le deuxième projet explore le domaine du CCR métastatique traité par chimiothérapie palliative. (i) Nous démontrons d’abord que la réponse métabolique (RM) tumorale après une cure de chimiothérapie cytolytique prédit plus vite et plus adéquatement que l’imagerie morphologique basée sur les critères RECIST les bénéfices cliniques du traitement. La RM précoce a une excellente valeur prédictive négative sur l’absence de réponse morphologique et met en évidence une variabilité de réponse inter-lésionnelle chez une proportion importante des patients. (ii) L’étude SoMore explore ensuite des patients présentant un CCR avancé et réfractaire, traités par capecitabine et sorafenib, et confirme l’importance pronostique des RM mixtes, suggérant une méthodologie de classification clinique basée sur la consistance de la RM. (iii) Cette classification cherche confirmation dans l’étude RegARd-C, encore en cours, évaluant les effets du regorafenib, et explorant également la signification génomique et épigénétique de la variabilité de RM.
3) Le troisième projet cherche à utiliser les propriétés de l’imagerie métabolique pour modifier l’algorithme de traitement adjuvant des patients porteurs d’un cancer du côlon de stade III. Ce projet, encore en cours, fait l’hypothèse que l’absence de RM de la lésion primitive après une cure de chimiothérapie prédit l’absence de bénéfice du traitement adjuvant complet. Une analyse intérimaire en démontre la faisabilité et confirme la présence de 40% de tumeurs présentant des caractéristiques métaboliques de chimio-résistance.
En conclusion, pour des patients porteurs d’un CCR, l’imagerie multimodale comprenant une évaluation du métabolisme tumoral permet une évaluation plus précoce et plus adéquate du bénéfice au traitement anticancéreux pour différentes modalités thérapeutiques comme la radio-embolisation, la chimiothérapie cytotoxique et les agents biologiques. L’imagerie multimodale permet de prédire et planifier les radio-embolisations et se révèle très prometteuse pour les traitements chimiothérapiques cytotoxiques ou combinés à des biologiques en situation adjuvante ou métastatique. Elle démontre par ailleurs une importante variabilité de réponse métabolique inter-lésionnelle qui représente un axe de recherche majeur sur les mécanismes moléculaires d’hétérogénéité génomique tumorale et de résistance aux traitements anti-cancéreux.
Doctorat en Sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Burniat, Agnès. "Etude de la tumorigenèse thyroïdienne et des effets anti-prolifératifs de la vitamine D active dans plusieurs modèles murins". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209664.
Texto completopartir de modèles murins transgéniques développant des tumeurs de la thyroïde. Nous avons ainsi
analysé par microarrays l’expression génique au sein de thyroïdes de souris Tg-RP3 exprimant le
réarrangement RET/PTC3, responsable de cancers papillaires de la thyroïde chez l’homme (PTC), et
de souris Tg-E7 exprimant l’oncogène E7, responsable de cancers du col de l’utérus chez la femme.
Ces deux gènes étaient exprimés exclusivement dans la thyroïde grâce à un promoteur thyroglobuline.
Nous avons comparé les profils d’expression entre les différents génotypes (sauvages, Tg-RP3 et Tg-
E7) mais également entre différents âges (2, 6 et 10 mois). Sur le plan histologique, les souris Tg-E7
développaient d’énormes goitres avec une dysplasie de plus en plus marquée, mais n’ont pas démontré
de réelles lésions de carcinomes aux différents âges étudiés. Les thyroïdes de souris Tg-RP3
démontraient quand à elle une prolifération cellulaire et une croissance plus modérées, mais des
remaniements tissulaires plus importants, présents dès 2 mois, avec apparition de lésions de carcinome
chez de nombreux animaux essentiellement à 6 et 10 mois. Les résultats de l’analyse de l’expression
génique par microarrays rejoignaient ces observations histologiques. Dans les thyroïdes E7, ce sont
essentiellement les gènes impliqués dans le cycle cellulaire qui ont démontré une surexpression
significative. Dans les thyroïdes RP3, les processus cellulaires les mieux représentés par les gènes
surexprimés étaient déjà décrits comme des processus ayant un rôle important dans la tumorigenèse
thyroïdienne humaine :l’inflammation, le remodelage du milieu extracellulaire et l’angiogenèse. De
plus, plusieurs gènes classiquement surexprimés dans les PTC humains, l’étaient également dans les
thyroïdes RP3. Parmi ceux-ci le récepteur de la vitamine D (VDR) et la 1-alpha-hydroxylase
(CYP27B1), responsable de la conversion de la 25-hydroxyvitamine D3 en 1,25-dihydroxyvitamine
D3, ont particulièrement retenu notre attention étant donné une littérature croissante sur les effets antiprolifératifs
et immuno-modulateurs de la 1,25-dihydroxyvitamine D3 (calcitriol). Nous avons donc
étudié dans la deuxième partie de notre travail les effets anti-prolifératifs et transcripionnels du
calitriol sur plusieurs modèles thyroïdiens in vitro et in vivo. Si nous n’avons pu démontrer d’effets
concluants sur des lignées de cancers thyroïdiens humains, nous avons par contre démontré un effet
anti-prolifératif, le plus souvent dose-réponse, du calcitriol sur des cultures primaires de thyroïdes de
souris sauvages, Tg-RP3, Tg-E7 et humaines. Seule la 24-hydroxylase, intervenant dans l’inactivation
de la vitamine D, et le récepteur à la TSH ont démontré une surexpression significative en présence de
calcitriol par RTQ-PCR. Une étude d’expression génique par microarrays sur des cultures primaires de
thyroïdes RP3 et humaines traitées par éthanol (contrôle) ou calcitriol a permis de mettre en évidence
3 gènes significativement régulés dans le même sens, en l’occurrence sous-exprimés, en présence de
calcitriol :la nébulette, la thymopoïétine et la cycline E2. Le rôle exact joué par ces trois protéines
dans l’effet anti-prolifératif observé reste à déterminer. Les études in vivo de carence alimentaire en
vitamine D de souris Tg-RP3 n’ont pas démontré de différences significatives entre le groupe carencé
et non carencé que ce soit en termes de croissance glandulaire ou d’expression génique, après 2 ou 6
mois de carence. Seule la 1-alpha-hydroxylase est apparue significativement surexprimée après 2
mois, surexpression disparaissant après 6 mois. Cette régulation pourrait témoigner d’un mécanisme
d’adaptation de la thyroïde qui tente de contrer la carence en vitamine D circulante en augmentant la
concentration locale de vitamine D active. Ce phénomène disparaissant à 6 mois, il serait intéressant
de prolonger la carence au-delà de 6 mois pour assurer une réelle carence locale en 1,25-
dihydroxyvitamin D3. Nous avons ensuite traité des souris Tg-RP3 puis Tg-E7 par des doses variables
de CD578, un analogue « non calcimimétique » du calcitriol. Il est apparu que la dose ayant un effet
significatif au niveau transcriptionnel (surexpression de la 24-hydroxylase) était également la dose la
plus toxique, entrainant une hypercalcémie parfois létale. Le protocole principal a du être écourté en
raison d’un excès de mortalité. Le petit nombre d’animaux ayant survécu ne nous a pas permis de
conclure à une différence d’expression significative du Ki67 dans les thyroïdes de souris traitées par
CD578 par rapport aux souris contrôles. De nouvelles expériences devront donc être réalisées aux
doses les moins toxiques, administrées sur une plus longue période et sur un plus grand nombre
d’animaux, afin d’augmenter la probabilité d’observer un effet sur la prolifération, voire la
différenciation tissulaire.
Doctorat en Sciences médicales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Delys, Laurent. "Gene expression profiles of papillary and annaplastic thyroid carcinomas". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210621.
Texto completoLa technologie des microarrays permet d’analyser simultanément l’expression de milliers de gènes dans différentes cellules et différentes conditions physiologiques, pathologiques ou toxicologiques. Au cours de cette thèse de doctorat, nous avons déterminé le profil d’expression génique des carcinomes papillaires de la thyroïde à l’aide de la technique des microarrays en utilisant une plateforme contenant plus de 8000 gènes. Douze des 26 cancers papillaires étudiés étaient issus de patients habitant la région de Tchernobyl lors de l’explosion de la centrale nucléaire de 1986 et sont considérés comme des cancers radio-induits. Les 14 tumeurs restantes proviennent de patients habitant la France. Leur étiologie n’étant pas connue, ils sont considérés comme des cancers sporadiques.
La réalisation de ces expériences nous a permis d’identifier des signatures moléculaires entre des sous-types de cancers papillaires. Premièrement, nous avons montré que malgré un profil d’expression génique global similaire entre les cancers papillaires sporadiques et radio-induits, une signature multigénique permet de les séparer, indiquant que des subtiles différences existent entre les deux types de tumeurs. Deux autres signatures indépendantes, l’une liée aux agents étiologiques présumés de ces tumeurs (radiation vs. H2O2), l’autre liée aux mécanismes de recombinaison homologue de l’ADN, permettent également de séparer les cancers post-Tchernobyl des cancers sporadiques. Nous avons interprété ces résultats comme une différence de susceptibilité à l’irradiation entre ces deux types de tumeurs. D’autre part, nous avons pu identifier une liste de gènes permettant de séparer les cancers papillaires à variante classique des autres sous-types de cancers papillaires. L’analyse de cette liste de gènes a permis de mettre en relation cette signature avec l’important remodelage de cette variante histologique par rapport aux autres.
Ces expériences ont aussi abouti à l’obtention d’une liste de gènes différentiellement exprimés entre les cancers papillaires et leur tissu normal adjacent. Une analyse minutieuse de cette liste à l’aide d’outils statistiques a permis de mieux comprendre la physiopathologie de ces tumeurs et d’aboutir à différentes conclusions :(1) un changement de population cellulaire est observé, avec une surexpression de gènes liés à la réponse immune, reflétant l’infiltration lymphocytaire de ces tumeurs par rapport au tissu normal adjacent (2) la voie de signalisation JNK est activée par surexpression de ses composants (3) la voie de signalisation de l’EGF, également par une surexpression de ses composants, complémente les altérations génétiques des cancers papillaires pour l’activation constitutive de la voie ERK1/2 (4) une sousexpression des gènes de réponse précoce est observée (5) une surexpression de nombreuses protéases, d’inhibiteurs de protéases et de protéines de la matrice extracellulaire permet d’expliquer l’important remodelage des cancers papillaires (6) le profil d’expression génique des cancers papillaires peut être corrélé avec un mode de migration collectif de ces tumeurs.
Finalement, dans la dernière partie de la thèse, nous avons déterminé le profil d’expression génique des cancers anaplasiques de la thyroïde et l’avons comparé à celui des cancers papillaires. Nous avons montré que les deux types de tumeurs présentent des profils moléculaires globaux distincts, reflétant leur comportement tumoral très différent.
Doctorat en Sciences biomédicales et pharmaceutiques
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Hafsi, Hind. "N-terminal isoforms of the p53 tumour suppressor protein : effects on p53 transcriptional activity and expression in cutaneous melanoma". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00995000.
Texto completoEl, Kebir-Yazid Fatima Zohra. "Etude qualitative et quantitative de l'hépatocancerogénèse primaire expérimentale chez le rat carencé ou non en protéines". Paris 13, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA132018.
Texto completoGattolliat, Charles-Henry. "Contribution de deux clusters de microARN soumis à empreinte parentale à la progression tumorale et au pronostic des neuroblastomes". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00967948.
Texto completoSchulz, Cathrin. "Tumour-selective apoptosis : identification of NMHCIIa as novel death receptor interactor regulating the response to TRAIL". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01069133.
Texto completoBelaïd, Amine. "SQSTM1, une plateforme de signalisation clé contrôlant l'autophagie sélective jusqu'à la reprogrammation tumorale". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4145.
Texto completoDespite recent advances, cancer remains the leading cause of death in France with~150,000 annual deaths (INCA, 2012). Notably, lung cancer is one of the most aggressive, with 29 100 deaths in 2011. The five-year survival is only 10 % of patients with lung cancer non-small cell (NSCLC, 80% of lung cancers), so it’s a medical/scientific challenge, and public health problem. Due to genetic instability, it’s commonly accepted that a subpopulation of tumor acquires new aggressive properties for its dissemination, its proliferation and greater resistance to chemotherapy. A better understanding of these tumor properties is a major issue to prevent this malignant progression. We focused our research on macro-autophagy, a lysosomal catabolic process essential for cellular homeostasis, and alos on one of its substrates SQSTM1 (Sequestosome or p62). When I started my PhD, a close relationship between autophagy, SQSTM1 and tumor progression had been highlighted. Several members of the autophagic machinery are frequently mutated/deleted in cancers. Paradoxically, autophagy can also allow the survival of tumor cells under hypoxia, nutritional deficiency or chemotherapy. How could we understand these conflicting functions, considering that the only autophagy substrates known are long half-lives proteins, damaged organelles and scaffold SQSTM1? Thus, SQSTM1 is essential for RasV12 driven oncogenesis (A Duran et al, Cancer Cell 2008)
Taupin, Florence. "Nanoparticules et rayonnement synchrotron pour le traitement des tumeurs cérébrales". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00949136.
Texto completoBailleul, Serge. "Heterogeneite des recepteurs aux oestrogenes et a la progesterone dans les tumeurs mammaires humaines : relation avec l'hormonodependance". Caen, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CAEN2026.
Texto completoMonnien, Franck. "Biomarqueurs histopronostiques de l'adénocarcinome canalaire du pancréas : évaluation d’un panel immunohistochimique intégrant les trois compartiments tumoraux épithéliaux, fibroblastiques et immunitaires". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCE021.
Texto completoThe search for innovative therapeutic approaches is particularly topical in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), as its prognosis remains daunting. One of the avenues of exploration lies in the understanding of the mechanisms leading to the important stromal reaction usually observed in PDAC predicting resistance to chemotherapy. This tissue reorganization or desmoplasia results from the activation of normal cells present in the connective tissue of the organ affected by tumor cells of epithelial origin. A fertile breeding ground for the expansion of cancer cells develops, of which activated fibroblasts are one of the most important players. In order to better understand the interactions between these cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF), tumor cells and the rest of the tumor microenvironment, their characterization appears as a prerequisite and could allow stratification of patients in their therapeutic orientation. The identification of a relevant antibody panel that can be used in situ in immunohistochemistry (IHC) is therefore an issue for the future management of patients with PDAC and is the objective of this work
Almouazen, Eyad. "Développement de nanoparticules polymères pour le ciblage des macrophages et la modulation des leurs fonctions physiologiques". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00945306.
Texto completoBelaïd, Amine. "SQSTM1, une plateforme de signalisation clé contrôlant l'autophagie sélective jusqu'à la reprogrammation tumorale". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00945776.
Texto completoMustafa, Mohammad Zahid. "Autoantibody signatures defined by serological proteome analysis in sera of patients with cholangiocarcinoma". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058149.
Texto completoVjetrovic, Jelena. "Effet des facteurs sécrétés par les cellules sénescentes sur la transformation néoplastique et la sensibilisation à TRAIL". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00863480.
Texto completoLIDEREAU, WEINSTEIN ROSETTE. "La variabilite genetique des proto-oncogenes ras, myc et mos comme marqueur de predisposition et d'evolution dans le cancer du sein". Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077129.
Texto completoPelletier, Joffrey. "AMPK, signalisation hypoxique et métabolisme tumoral". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Nice, 2014. http://theses.unice.fr/2014NICE4046.
Texto completoCells of solid tumors are often exposed to an environment deficient in oxygen, i.e. hypoxic. The Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 (HIF-1) is the major transcription factor involved in cellular adaptation to hypoxia. HIF-1 regulates a wide array of genes involved in angiogenesis, cellular metabolism or pH regulation. My thesis is organized into three axes around HIF-1 and metabolic reprogramming in hypoxia. I first studied Factor-Inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH), one of two oxygen sensors regulating HIF-1. We showed that FIH is essential for tumor development through inhibition of the HIF-1 transcriptional activity as well as through the suppression of the p53-p21 axis. I then studied the HIF-1-induced « shift » in cellular metabolism toward glycolysis, which generates a type of “glucose addiction”. We showed that paradoxically, tumor cells store glycogen in hypoxia through a HIF-1 dependant mechanism. Glycogen served as a reservoir of intracellular glucose, which allows hypoxic cells to survive periods of glucose starvation. Finally, I studied AMPK «the guardian of energy », and showed that surprisingly, this kinase is not necessary in maintaining a viable level of ATP when glycolysis is inhibited (by blockade of lactate export). However, as expected, AMPK protected cells during glucose starvation. Moreover, combined inhibition of the lactate transporter MCT4 and of AMPK reduced dramatically tumor development in a xenograft model, suggesting a crucial role for these two actors in the context of growth of tumor cells in a hostile environment. Taken together these results identified several potential drug targets involved in the metabolic plasticity of hypoxic cells
Dufresne, Armelle. "Une étude des voies de signalisation impliquées dans la carcinogénèse et le traitement des fibromatoses agressives". Phd thesis, Université Claude Bernard - Lyon I, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01058194.
Texto completoBoichard, Amélie. "Caractérisation moléculaire des formes métastatiques de carcinome médullaire de la thyroïde". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA11T015/document.
Texto completoMedullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare neuroendocrine tumor, arising from calcitonin-secreting cells. This cancer occurs in a family context in a third of cases. All inherited forms and nearly 40% of sporadic forms are caused by activating point-mutations in the RET oncogene, coding for a tyrosine-kinase receptor. Other oncogenic events causing sporadic cases remain unclear, but activating mutations of RAS oncogenes have been discovered recently.Prognosis of MTC is essentially linked to early lymph node occurrence. Initial surgery of metastatic forms is often insufficient and patients are considered in therapeutic dead-end. The recent advent of selective tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) has brought a new impetus to the management of refractory tumors, some of them targeting the RET receptor. Optimization of these treatments require improving knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms of tumor development.In this context and helped by a large collection of human specimens, we have sought to deepen the description of genomic landscape of MTC.At first, we evaluated the structural and chromosomal abnormalities presented by MTC. We showed, by optimizing sequencing methods, that RET and RAS mutations are involved in over 96% of the cases, these events are mutually exclusives. These mutations can distinguish several groups of aggressiveness and of response to TKI treatments. We also observed, by comparative genomic hybridization techniques, recurrent abnormalities such as deletion of the short arm of chromosome 1 and loss of entire chromosomes 4 and 22. These losses appear to be early events of tumorigenesis MTC.In a second step, we determined - by a microarray approach – the microRNA expression profile of MTC. Some of these post-transcriptional regulators seem related to tumor invasiveness, such as miR-21, miR-199 and miR-129. We demonstrated the potential of microRNAs miR-21 and miR-199 as circulating diagnosis biomarkers of MTC. The functional impact of the precursor forms mir-21 and mir-129 was then evaluated by transfection in TT and MZ- CRC1 cellular models.Observations obtained pave the way for a lot of new potential studies. They allow the definition of tissue biomarkers distinguishing metastatic forms or refractory patients. Finally, they highlight new pathways for the discovery of additional therapeutic targets in this disease