Artículos de revistas:

1

Haddad, Mohanna. "La Jordanie, des tribus à la nation". Outre-Terre 14, n.º 1 (2006): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/oute.014.0051.

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2

Bocco, Riccardo y Tareq Tell. "Frontières, tribus et État(s) en Jordanie orientale à l’époque du Mandat". Maghreb - Machrek N° 147, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1995): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/machr1.147.0026.

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3

Trimbur, Dominique. "Géraldine Chatelard, Briser la mosaïque. Les tribus chrétiennes de Madaba, Jordanie (xixe-xx". Revue de l'histoire des religions, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2007): 387–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rhr.5299.

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4

Sleiman, André. "Géraldine Chatelard, Briser la mosaïque. Les tribus chrétiennes de Madaba, Jordanie, xixe-xxe". Archives de sciences sociales des religions, n.º 148 (31 de diciembre de 2009): 75–342. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/assr.21105.

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5

Heyberger, Bernard. "Géraldine Châtelard. Briser la mosaique. Les tribus chretiennes de Madaba, Jordanie (XIXe-XXe siècle). Paris, CNRS Éditions, 2004, 400 p." Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 60, n.º 1 (febrero de 2005): 155–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0395264900019193.

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6

Miller, Catherine. "Chatelard Géraldine, Briser la mosaïque. Les tribus chrétiennes de Madaba, Jordanie xixe-xxe siècle, Paris, CNRS Editions, 2004, 400 p. (collections Moyen Orient)". Revue des mondes musulmans et de la Méditerranée, n.º 121-122 (10 de abril de 2008): 263–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/remmm.4383.

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7

Shryock, Andrew J. "Popular Genealogical Nationalism: History Writing and Identity among the Balga Tribes of Jordan". Comparative Studies in Society and History 37, n.º 2 (abril de 1995): 325–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001041750001968x.

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The proprietors of Amman's publishing houses do a brisk trade in books about politics and religion. They have also, in recent years, begun to profit from the growing demand for “tribal literature.” This new market, which emerged in the late 1970s, expanded greatly in the 1980s. It includes folkloric monographs (al ʿAbbadi 1989; al-ʿUzayzi 1984), genealogical compendia (Abu Khusa 1989), Bedouin poetry (al-ʿUzayzi 1991), introductions to tribal law (Abu Hassan 1987; al-ʿAbbadi 1982), and studies which, combining elements of all these genres, are packaged as “historical” works (al-ʿAbbadi 1984, 1986). The advent of a popular literature about the Jordanian tribes written by and for local Bedouin has been hailed in Jordan's national press as a new form of “patriotism,” and the oral traditions now being adapted to print are thought to convey a uniquely Jordanian heritage.

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8

Boulby, Marion. "Home and Homeland". American Journal of Islam and Society 14, n.º 4 (1 de enero de 1997): 109–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v14i4.2226.

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The formation of Jordanian tribal and national identities is the central themeof Layne's Home and Homeland. This study focuses on the Abbadi tribes of theEast Jordan Valley and is based on extensive fieldwork conducted by Laynebetween 1979 and 1988. Layne's central argument is that for the Abbadi and forJordanian society in general, tribal and national identities are in dialogic relationships,deriving meaning from and conditioning one another. She challengesapproaches to Jordanian social and political identity which compartmentalizeindividuals according to rigid Palestinian/East Bank/tribal lines, arguing thatidentities are constantly shifting and being reconstructed through discoursebetween tribespeople, urbanites, the monarchy, bureaucracy, the intelligentsia,Hashemite rulers, and Western social scientists.In the introductory chapter of this work, the author reviews and assessesnotions of social identity. Layne criticizes mosaic and segmentary models ofcollective identity on two grounds: they are essentialist in tending to posit collectiveidentity in terms of social masses and they provide "pigeonhole" modelsof identity which require the presence of an observer. Here she introduces a"posture-oriented" approach to identity which "sees identity as meaning constructedon an ongoing basis through the everyday practices of making a placein the world, that is, adopting a posture in the context of changing circumstancesand uncertain contingencies."Layne devotes the next three chapters to the Abbadi tribes. She outlines significantchanges that occurred in the Jordan Valley in the twentieth century intenns of the tribes' relationship with land and state. Her case study focuses ondomestic space as an expression of how the tribespeople have constructed theirsocial entities in the context of inclusion in the Jordanian nation-state and integrationinto world capitalism. The author emphasizes the strong threads of ...

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9

Alhawamdeh, Hussein A. y Feras M. Alwaraydat. "The dramatization of the shepherd warrior in Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine and the Jordanian drama Bedouin series Rās Ghlai (‘The head of Ghlai’)". Journal of Screenwriting 13, n.º 2 (1 de julio de 2022): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/josc_00092_1.

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Parts 1 and 2 of the Arab Jordanian series Rās Ghlai (‘The head of Ghlai’) (2006‐08), written by Jordanian screenwriter Muafā āli and directed by Amad D‘aibis and Sha‘lān al-Dabbās, share three ‘common denominators’, in Haun Saussy’s terminology, with Christopher Marlowe’s Tamburlaine the Great, Parts 1 and 2 (1587): (1) the shepherd character as a monstrous despot, (2) pastoral love of the shepherds and (3) the mobilization of nations/tribes to take revenge against Tamburlaine/Ghlai. āli’s delineation of the nomadic hero Ghlai is similar to the Marlovian model of Tamburlaine in a time of war and love. Ghlai, as an Arab Jordanian Tamburlaine, seeks in a Machiavellian manner an ultimate rule and control over all nomadic tribes in the Jordanian desert and behaves as a monstrous lover. This article takes two pieces of literature from two different cultures as an example of the adaptability of screen narrative to the scope of comparative literature and appropriation studies, showing simultaneously the experience of Jordanian screenwriters as one example of what Craig Batty calls the ‘screenwriting turn’ (2014: 1). Both Marlowe and āli dramatize the shepherd despots to warn against the threat of colonial and imperial ambitions and models.

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10

Bocco, Riccardo. "Espaces étatiques et espaces tribaux dans le Sud jordanien". Maghreb - Machrek N° 123, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 1989): 144–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/machr1.123.0144.

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11

Shryock, Andrew. "Tribal Priorities". International Journal of Middle East Studies 53, n.º 3 (agosto de 2021): 512–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743821000830.

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In the oral traditions of Jordan's Balga tribes, one event occurs many times: local shaykhs are invited to a feast by the Turks, and at this feast the shaykhs are attacked, arrested, or killed. Sometimes it is the Ottomans who are betrayed by their bedouin hosts. Either way, they should have seen it coming—that is usually the narrator's conclusion—but the lure of hospitality was strong. Something about these encounters was worth the risk of ending up in manacles, or dead.

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12

Al Karazoun, Ghada y Jihad M. Hamdan. "Graffiti Inside Jordanian Public Transport Vehicles". PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 30, n.º 2 (4 de noviembre de 2021): 104–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-104-133.

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Purpose. The study reported here aims to investigate the commonest communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti written inside Jordanian public transport vehicles. Method. The researchers collected 1,410 tokens of graffiti from six Jordanian cities, viz., Amman, Madaba, Irbid, Zarqa, Salt, and Jerash. The data which were collected from public transport vehicles included 1000 handwritten graffiti tokens and 410 custom-made stickers. Specifically, the data were collected from large and small buses as well as service and yellow taxis that lined up in main bus stations and bus stops available in front of hospitals, universities, malls and close to traffic circles. Then the categories and subcategories of graffiti were identified on the basis of their content. Results. The analysis reveals eight communicative categories, viz., personal, interpersonal, philosophical, religious, offensive, political, humorous, and sports. The analysis also reveals thirteen subcategories, viz., naming and self-identification, self-appraisal, love and familial relationships, philosophical perspectives, ethics of transport, decline of morals, expressions of Islamic faith, supplication, preaches, protection from the envious eye, territorial and tribal affiliation. Conclusions The study concludes that a host of societal concerns and individuals’ feelings and thoughts are transmitted through the discourse of graffiti. The passengers and drivers have expressed their self-concentration, philosophical views, affiliation with territories and tribes, hostility and anger to individuals and groups, and allegiance to religion beliefs and traditions. The study also concludes that there are socio-psychological motives that drive writing graffiti, viz., identify oneself, release emotions, criticize individuals and groups, reveal pride and admiration, advertise goods and promote business, search for contacts, post messages for the public, express attachment to educational institutions, document the occurrence of a particular occasion. The study recommends that graffiti written inside public transport vehicles in other Arab countries be examined. Thus, one could examine to what extent the communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti along with its socio-psychological tend to show a pan-Arab base.

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13

Buttorff, Gail. "Coordination failure and the politics of tribes: Jordanian elections under SNTV". Electoral Studies 40 (diciembre de 2015): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2015.06.011.

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14

Salameh, Mohammed Torki Bani y Khalid Issa El-Edwan. "The identity crisis in Jordan: historical pathways and contemporary debates". Nationalities Papers 44, n.º 6 (noviembre de 2016): 985–1002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2016.1231454.

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This study aims to identify the attempts to form a Jordanian national identity from the establishment of the Jordanian state in 1921 to date. This study reviews the efforts of the Jordanian state, which was subject to internal, external, political, social, economic, and cultural circumstances, and variables that led to change the Jordanian national identity to incorporate religious, national, regional, ethnic, and tribal aspects. The regime has been unable to address and resolve the issue of national identity; instead, it has tried several means to circumvent the problem of national identity. The identity card is a means that the regime has used to achieve its goals. These policies led to the state's failure to define, establish, and maintain a comprehensive national identity for its citizens. The formation of a national identity has been a dilemma for Jordan since the establishment of the state; there is almost no known national identity. This situation calls for the construction of the Jordanian national identity on a fixed and clear basis to prevent its disintegration, to facilitate the process of social integration, and to build a final national identity that is both inclusive and representative. Without this identity, division and conflict may prevail in Jordanian society.

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15

Soler-Gijón, Rodrigo y Oliver Hampe. "Evidence of Triodus Jordan 1849 (Elasmobranchii: Xenacanthidae) in the Lower Permian of the Autun basin (Muse, France)". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Monatshefte 1998, n.º 6 (18 de junio de 1998): 335–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/njgpm/1998/1998/335.

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16

Mohammed Sawalmeh, Murad Hassan. "A Sociolinguistic Study of Muslim and Christian Wedding Invitation Genre in the Jordanian Society". JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN LINGUISTICS 5, n.º 1 (26 de septiembre de 2014): 448–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jal.v5i1.2731.

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This study aims at examining the generic structure of Muslim and Christian wedding invitation genre in the Jordanian society. It is a sociolinguistic study. The researcher believes that considering many aspects of these invitation cards such as form, structure and so forth, may provide a lot of information about the social dimensions of those who tend to hold a wedding ceremony. The data are elicited through a questionnaire that consists of twenty-five items compiled from invitation cards for both Muslims and Christians. The findings of the study show that the form of the invitation cards in Islam and Christianity in the Jordanian society is systematic and influenced by social, economic, and religious factors. Finally, this study recommends that further research to be conducted investigating other invitation cards for other events in the Jordanian society such as invitation cards for attending meetings, lectures, celebrations, royal feasts, tribal reconciliation, etc.

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17

Ben-Yosef, Erez, Thomas E. Levy, Thomas Higham, Mohammad Najjar y Lisa Tauxe. "The beginning of Iron Age copper production in the southern Levant: new evidence from Khirbat al-Jariya, Faynan, Jordan". Antiquity 84, n.º 325 (1 de septiembre de 2010): 724–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00100195.

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The authors have explored the workplace and house of copper workers of the early Iron Age (twelfth to tenth century BC) in Jordan's Wadi Faynan copper ore district, showing that it belongs in time between the collapse of the great Bronze Age states and the arrival of Egyptians in the area under Sheshonq I. They attribute this production to local tribes – perhaps those engaged in building the biblical kingdom of Edom.

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18

Al-Azzam, Amin A. "The Reality of Political Culture in Jordan after Twenty Years of Political Openness". Journal of Social and Development Sciences 3, n.º 10 (15 de octubre de 2012): 350–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22610/jsds.v3i10.720.

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The purpose of this study is to explore the reality of the political culture in Jordan after twenty years of political openness by identifying the most important features of contemporary Jordanian political culture. In addition, the study aims to examine the main factors that shape this political culture. To build the argument on a solid ground, the study raises some significant questions about the reality of the Jordanian political culture such as: has political culture changed significantly since 1989 (after the political openness)?, what are the main factors that contributed in shaping the political culture in Jordan?, and what is the main type of political culture that clearly prevails in the society?. The study is carried out by using the descriptive analytical approach, as a method for examining the findings of the survey through distribution of 400 questionnaires to five groups of political elite in Jordan. The study concludes that there cannot be a real democratic system in Jordan without the establishment and consolidation of democratic values in the political culture of Jordanian citizens. Another conclusion of the study is that traditional political culture is still prevailing in Jordanian society, which is social, tribal, and family ties prominence despite the passage of twenty years on the political liberalization.

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19

Köprülü, Nur y Pricillah Marisa. "Déjà Vu in the Kingdom of Jordan?" Contemporary Arab Affairs 15, n.º 3-4 (septiembre de 2022): 34–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/caa.2022.15.3-4.34.

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The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan constitutes a remarkable case of regime stability in the Middle East and North Africa region. The 2011 Arab Uprisings that swept through most of the countries in the Arab Middle East did not engulf the Kingdom of Jordan, as foreseen. At the height of the protests, Jordan employed a decades-old regime-survival strategy to cope with increased opposition. Having said that, the June protests in 2018 and the subsequent increased socio-economic problems unlocked an ascendant phenomenon in Jordanian politics. In light of this, this article analyzes what is “new” in Jordanian politics since the 2011 Uprisings, and as a corollary, it will address the mobilization of East Bank tribes as the new source of opposition and also the newly emerging direction of state–opposition dynamics. This article also scrutinizes the shortcomings of the authoritarian persistence paradigm in the case of the Kingdom of Jordan.

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20

Al-Billeh, Tareq. "The Correction of the Invalidity of the Civil Trials Procedures in Jordanian and Egyptian Legislation: The Modern Judicial Trends". Kutafin Law Review 9, n.º 3 (5 de octubre de 2022): 486–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.17803/2713-0525.2022.3.21.486-510.

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The research deals with correcting the invalidity of procedures in the Jordanian Civil Procedures Law and the Egyptian Civil and Commercial Procedures Law. It highlights the status of the procedural invalidity and the mechanism of its correction. These conditions must be met to correct the procedural invalidity and the period specified by the Jordan and Egypt legislator to correct the invalid procedure. The study concluded several findings and recommendations, the most important of which is that the Jordanian legislator did not specify a period for correcting the invalid procedure and did not explicitly grant this right to the court in determining the period of correction, just as the Egyptian legislator did by granting the court the authority to specify the period for correction, and that the invalid procedure may be corrected, even if it pertains to the general system, as long as this correction has been made within the specified time.

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21

Al-Momani, Doa’a. "A Semantic Study of Jordanian Bedouin First- Name Preferences". International Journal of Linguistics 11, n.º 4 (7 de agosto de 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v11i4.15231.

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The present study is an investigation of the Preferences of Bedouin first- names in central Bedouin tribes (Al-dʒiiza District) in Jordan from the semantic and sociolinguistic points of view. This study aims at exploring the semantic meanings of the Bedouin first- names (Note 1). It, also, aims at discussing the socio-cultural influences that come behind these Bedouin personal first-names. To achieve the goal of this study, 177 personal names were collected from the passports of Bedouin people whose years of birth were from 1950 to 1960 registered in the Civil Status and Passport Department. Then names were classified into seven main categories based on their meanings and the socio-cultural factors that they reflect. For example, names taken from the surrounding environment, animal and birds, times of the day, plants, personality and body parts, weather, and travelling. As a result, we can conclude that Bedouin names aren’t arbitrary and carry semantic and sociolinguistic implications.

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22

Aljbour, Atef Fleih y Fawwaz Al-Abed Al-Haq. "An Investigation of Feminine Personal Names in Beni Sakhr Tribe of Jordan: A Sociolinguistic Study". International Journal of Linguistics 11, n.º 6 (13 de noviembre de 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v11i6.14960.

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The research paper examined the feminine personal names within Beni Sakhr tribe, which inhabits the Jordanian central desert with the aim of pointing out the sociolinguistic implications of the names, and the differences in naming practices throughout three generations (grandmothers, mothers. daughters). For this reason, 300 names of female school students in the elementary stage were obtained from Almwaqqar Directorate of Education alongside their mothers and grandmothers. Analysis of a total number of 900 names, divided equally between the three categories, revealed that 69 % of the grandmothers' names are Bedouin-exclusive names opposed to (9%) and only (2%) of the mothers and daughters’ names respectively. Grandmothers’ names derive mainly from the needs of the dwellers of desert regions, the severe conditions they experienced, and the social values of the Jordanian nomadic tribes. Only 9 (3%) names of a religious background are identified in this category compared to 42 (14%) in the mothers’ names and 25 (8.3%) in the daughters’ names. In general, the paper finds evidence to suggest that the change in the lifestyle of Beni Sakhr tribe does influence the naming practice in this community.

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23

Mingazov, S. R. "To the question of ethnic and political relationships of the Hunno-Bulgar tribes of IV–VI centuries AD (based on the analysis of a one group of ethnonyms). Part 1." Orientalistica 5, n.º 5 (25 de diciembre de 2022): 1029–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2022-5-5-1029-1042.

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Written sources of the early Middle Ages recorded several dozen ethnonyms of the steppe tribes, attributed by historians to the peoples of the Hunno–Bulgar circle. This diversity creates certain problems with identifying individual tribes, determining their localization, and analyzing the chronology of their movements. Questions arise as to how these peoples correlated with each other and with large nomadic empires. The main attention of the author was drawn to a group of six similar ethnonyms, which the sources refer to the tribes of the Hunno–Bulgar circle of the 4th–6th centuries: Alpidzurs, Alcildzurs, Amilzurs, Altziagirs, Ultzinzurs, Ultizurs and one anthroponym Ultzindur. Mentions of these ethnonyms can be found in three historians of the 5th–6th centuries: Jordanes, Priscus and Agathias, who brought information about these tribes who lived in Northern Black Sea region. Researchers of the 19th–20th centuries addressed the topic of the studied tribes and their ethnonyms, however, as a rule, in their works, they considered from one to three ethnonyms and did not pay attention to relationships within the entire group as a whole. In this study, for the first time, the information of written sources about all six ethnonyms and tribes to which they belonged is comprehensively considered in connection with the known historical information about the Hunnic and Bulgar confederations of the 5th–6th centuries. The existing historiography is also presented and a conclusion is made about the possible belonging of a number of ethnonyms to one people.

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24

Mingazov, S. R. "To the question of ethnic and political relationships of the Hunno-Bulgar tribes of IV–VI centuries AD (based on the analysis of a one group of ethnonyms). Part 2". Orientalistica 6, n.º 2 (6 de septiembre de 2023): 225–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31696/2618-7043-2023-6-2-225-238.

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Written sources of the early Middle Ages recorded several dozen ethnonyms of the steppe tribes, attributed by historians to the peoples of the Hunno–Bulgar circle. This diversity creates certain problems with identifying individual tribes, determining their localization, and analyzing the chronology of their movements. Questions arise as to how these peoples correlated with each other and with large nomadic empires. The main attention of the author was drawn to a group of six similar ethnonyms, which the sources refer to the tribes of the Hunno-Bulgar circle of the 4th — 6th centuries: Alpidzurs, Alcildzurs, Amilzurs, Altziagirs, Ultzinzurs, Ultizurs and one anthroponym Ultzindur. Mentions of these ethnonyms can be found in three historians of the 5th — 6th centuries: Jordanes, Priscus and Agathias, who brought information about these tribes who lived in Northern Black Sea region. Researchers of the 19th — 20th centuries addressed the topic of the studied tribes and their ethnonyms, however, as a rule, in their works, they considered from one to three ethnonyms and did not pay attention to relationships within the entire group as a whole. In this study, for the first time, the information of written sources about all six ethnonyms and tribes to which they belonged is comprehensively considered in connection with the known historical information about the Hunnic and Bulgar confederations of the 5th – 6th centuries. The existing historiography is also presented and a conclusion is made about the possible belonging of a number of ethnonyms to one people.

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25

Reiter, Yitzhak. "The Palestinian-Transjordanian Rift: Economic Might and Political Power in Jordan". Middle East Journal 58, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2004): 72–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3751/58.1.14.

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The political developments in Jordan since the events of 1970-71 shaped the Palestinian community and Transjordanian society (mostly tribal) into two conflicting ethnic groups. The Jordanian Palestinians are a political minority, while simultaneously constituting a slim demographic majority yielding economic strength through dominance in the private economic sector, a matter that is a source of heightened inter-communal tensions. Analyzing data on the 500 largest economic concerns in Jordan and on the 173 companies that were traded on the Jordanian stock exchange in 1995-1996 leads to the conclusion that the prevailing image of a dichotomous, sector-based economy grounded in Transjordanian and Palestinian ethnic groups receives empirical corroboration. Following a discussion on the nature of the Jordanian economic élite in terms of the overall political system, the author concludes that the economic influence of wealthy Palestinians does not extend to the political realm. Thus, even the most prosperous individuals (or family corporations) in Jordan do not constitute a pressure group or a known and particular lobbying force, neither as businessmen nor as sub-groups on the basis of extraction. The Palestinians' financial activity in Jordan and their control of the banking sector give them, as a group, a special status with inherent political implications. Progress toward economic and political liberalization will enable the Palestinians to yield more meaningful political influence in the future.

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26

Al-Jbour, Khaled. "The Truffles in Mamlukian Inscription from Jordanian Badia which Dated on 767 H." Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 49, n.º 5 (29 de diciembre de 2022): 370–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i5.3483.

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This study is concerned with an inscription from Mamlukian period discovered by the researcher in eastern Badia of Jordan in site called Ghadeer al-Dahab southeast of the town Al-Safaweabout 50 km. The inscription provides us information about the pastured and gathered the truffles which is reflection to the economic situation for the Bedouins tribes. The inscriber mentioned a name of one of the pilgrims and a supplication of forgiveness for him and a verse of poetry about asceticism in life mentioning the pilgrim is very important and give an indication that the location of the inscription was a caravan’s route because there is a trace of track of travelers in that region and in the end of the text.The inscriber dated his inscription at the year 767H/ 1366 Ad.

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27

Aldrawsheh, Abdallah. "The Phenomenon of Drug Abuse in the Jordanian Society and its Impact on the Individual and Society". Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 49, n.º 1 (2 de agosto de 2022): 241–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i1.1655.

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This study aims at identifying the phenomenon of drug abuse in the Jordanian society and its impact on the individual and society. In order to achieve the study objectives, the researcher developed a questionnaire for collecting data. The researcher used the method of simple random sample to determine the study sample. The study sample consisted of (625) individuals. The study results showed that the social factors leading to drugs abuse in the Jordanian society were in the first place, followed by the economic factors, while the psychological factors were in the third place. The results also revealed that the most prominent effects of drug abuse on the individual were related to anxiety and semi-constant stress with a predisposition to depression in the first place, followed by sensitivity and arousal even for the simplest matters with insomnia or lack of desire to sleep, while the misunderstanding of time, place, distance and sizes as well as inability to discriminate things were in the third place. The results also revealed that the most prominent effects of drug abuse on the society were related to tribal violence in the first place, followed by low social coherence between the society individuals in the second rank, while family disintegration was in the third rank. The results showed that there are no statistically significant differences between the responses of the sample individuals regarding the factors leading to drug abuse in the Jordanian society due to gender, age, educational level, place of residence and income at (α≤0.05).

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28

El-Sharif, Ahmad. "The Exceptionality of Jordan and its Democracy in King Hussein’s Last Speech From the Throne". International Journal of Linguistics 7, n.º 2 (24 de abril de 2015): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijl.v7i2.7489.

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The Late King Hussein’s last Speech from the Throne in 1997 was given amidst public outcry over the outcomes of the parliamentary elections which resulted the triumph tribal figures with regional affiliations after the boycott of most political parties. This brought to public debate the questions of maintain the long-established balance between the several socio-political structures in the political life in Jordan. While the speech can be perceived as a reflection of King Hussein’s vision about ‘Jordanian democracy’, it can also be interpreted as an elaborate scheme to construct the conventional understanding of the exceptionality of Jordan and its socio-political institutions; including democracy. This article discusses the representation of ‘Jordanian democracy’, the state, and the socio-political structures in Jordan as reflected in the Late King’s last speech from the throne (1997). The analytical framework follows a critical metaphor analysis perspective in which all instances of metaphors used to epitomise these issues are primarily acknowledged from there sociocultural context. Herein, the article focuses on revealing the aspect of metaphorical language by which the Late King Hussein legitimizes and, hence, constructs, the prevailing ideology pf the ‘exceptionality’ of Jordan.

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29

Trachuk, Oleksii. "Veneds Tribes of the Late Zarubyntsi Culture of Upper Dnieper in the 2nd–5th Centuries CE". Ukrainian Studies, n.º 1(86) (29 de marzo de 2023): 67–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275318.

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Nests of settlements were the basis of the research on family and tribal structure of the Slavs (Nevrs, Scythians-ploughmen, Scythians-farmers, and Veneds of the Zarubyntsi culture) of the 7th century BCE – 2nd century CE, which was published in the "Ukrainoznavstvo" journal (2022, №. 2–4). Mapping the nests of settlements on modern maps makes it possible to compare the changes in the location of the named Slavic tribes over time, which in fact offers a new method of sociocultural anthropology – the method of family-tribe geography of the Slavs–Ukrainians ethnogenesis. This method permits to detect the characteristic features of the social, cultural, and economic life of the clans and tribes of the Slavs in the chain of epochs with the help of various branches of science: archaeology, ethnography, linguistics, anthropology, as well as folklore, beliefs, law, crafts, and technologies. And the main thing is that this method allows you to move away from ethnically undefined "carriers of archaeological cultures", which are a relic of Soviet archaeology and do not allow studying the ancient history of families and peoples that inhabited the territory of Eastern Europe since the Palaeolithic. During the modern war, Ukrainians-farmers, for the Russians "Little Russians", are very energetically freeing themselves from the arms of nomads, herdsmen, "Great Russians". The artificially created unity of russian, Belarusian, and Ukrainian has already faded into the past. At the same time, interest in the ancient history of the Ukrainian people, which is hidden in archaeological sites and their interpretations, is constantly growing in the world.Our attention is drawn to Jordan's message about the various ethnonyms of the Veneds (the name by which the early Slavs were called), according to which the Veneds are divided into separate tribes that have names according to their families or places of residence. This message is confirmed in this article.Based on the research of archaeologists (largely based on L. Pobol's collection of monuments, which includes 517 late Zarubyntsi settlements), we have localised 50 nests settlements of Slavs-Veneds of the 2nd–5th centuries CE on the map of Belarus. (Fig. 1). It has been established that the tribes of the historical Slavs-Veneds of the late stage of the Zarubyntsi culture occupied the same territory of the Upper Dnipro where 36 tribes of the Zarubyntsi culture of the early stage of the 3rd century BCE lived – the 2nd century CE ("Ukrainian Studies," 2022, № 4, Fig. 14). So, there are reasons to express the opinion that the north-western part of the Veneds of the late Zarubyntsi culture – the ancestors of the current Belarusians – lived with the ancestors of the Ukrainians on the same territory for thousands of years, that is, they have a common history. And the Pripyat River did not divide our nations but united them for many centuries.

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Saraiva, Danilo, Gislene Da Silva Rocha Fournier, Sarita Pimenta de Oliveira, Maria Ogrzewalska, Edeltrudes Maria Valadares Calaca Camara, Claudia Guimaraes Costa y José Ramiro Botelho. "Ectoparasites from small mammals from the Cerrado region in the Minas Gerais state, Brazil". UNED Research Journal 4, n.º 1 (1 de junio de 2012): 21–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22458/urj.v4i1.129.

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El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar la prevalencia de infestación de ectoparásitos asociados a mamíferos pequeños del Cerrado en el Parque Nacional Serra do Cipó, Estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. De abril a septiembre de 2007, capturamos 95 mamíferos pequeños, los cuales representaron nueve especies: seis pertenecen al Orden Rodentia: Cerradomys subflavus (Wagner 1842), Nectomys squamipes (Brants 1827), Thrichomys apereoides (Lund,1939), Rhipidomys mastacalis (Lund 1840), Necromys lasiurus (Lund 1841), Oligoryzomys nigripes Olfers 1818, y tres al Orden Didelphimorphia: Gracilinanus agilis (Burmeister 1854), Marmosops incanus (Lund 1840) y Didelphis albiventris (Lund,1841). Identificamos ectoparásitos de cinco órdenes: Ixodida, Gamasida, Phthiraptera, Siphonaptera y Diptera y varias especies de ectoparasitos como: Amblyomma sp, Laelaps paulistanensis Fonseca 1936, Laelaps differens Fonseca 1936, Laelaps manguinhosi Fonseca 1936, Tur lativentralis (Fonseca 1936), Gigantolaelaps goyanensis Fonseca 1939, Gigantolaelaps vitzthumi Fonseca 1939, Androlaelaps (Haemolaelaps) fahrenholzi (Berleze 1911), Eubrachylaelaps rotundus (Fonseca1936), Mysolaelaps parvispinosus Fonseca 1936, Ctenophthirus cercomydis Ferris1922, Hoplopleura imparata Linardi 1984, Eogyropus lenti lenti Werneck 1936, Tunga penetrans (Linnaeus 1758) y Poligenes tripus (Jordania 1933). Para el parque, son nuevos todos los registros de ectoparásitos y agregamos también algunos hospederos.PALABRAS CLAVEBrasil, Cerrado, Parque Nacional Serra do Cipó, mamíferos, ectoparásitos.

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Foksa-Biegaj, Agata Julia. "Jordanian Discriminatory Laws Concerning Women. The Dichotomy of Strive for Progression versus Tradition". Muslim World Journal of Human Rights 15, n.º 1 (19 de diciembre de 2018): 99–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mwjhr-2017-0022.

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Abstract The primary aim of this article is to illustrate the dichotomy of Jordan as a progressive country, perhaps best exemplified through the engagement of the royal family in human rights matters, versus the traditional approach, sanctioning the discriminatory laws concerning women. This paper further attempts to demonstrate that Jordan is balancing between the conservative tribal interests, by pertaining to the Arab and Islamic tradition on the one hand, and the need for democratisation and further human rights development on the other. It is important to note, that discriminatory laws concerning women are not the only examples illustrating this peculiar mechanism, however, they constitute the most vivid one. The author further submits that many authors, as well as international bodies such as CEDAW and the Human Rights Committee, fail to understand the dynamics and complexity of the human rights situation in Jordan. Hence, these authors and authorities’ recommendations are often misguided, as they focus mostly on amending the discriminatory legislation. This article briefly discusses cultural relativism aspects and suggests that actual progress can be achieved by developing a unique language of human rights related to the Arab culture, for instance through the newly established Jordanian Constitutional Court.

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Al-Khaza’leh, Bilal Ayed. "Socio-Pragmatic Study of Bani Hasan Tribe’s Proverbs and Dialectical Expressions in Jordan". International Journal of English Linguistics 13, n.º 3 (12 de mayo de 2023): 88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v13n3p88.

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The Arabic dialects have a specific linguistic repertoire, cultural singularity and social privacy. The dialect is only understood by the people who daily use it. This study aims at shedding light on the proverbs and dialectical expressions used by Bani Hasan tribe (بني حسن) in Jordan. The primary aims were to investigate the Illocutionary force of the targeted proverbs and linguistic expressions based on speech acts theoretical framework. The data were collected from various individuals who represent the whole 13 clans of this tribe. The investigated data consist of 14 proverbs and 59 expressions. Findings showed that this tribe has some unique proverbs and lexemes. The illocutionary force of the proverbs are provided and well as the meaning and the pronunciation of the frequent idiomatic colloquial expressions were discussed. Analysis revealed that most of the proverbs have the pragmatic functions of giving advice and criticism. Findings could help others to have more knowledge about the lexicon of this tribe which helps to enforce the social bonds among the tribes of the Jordanian society.

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Al Qadire, Mohammad, Murad Alkhalaileh y Mohammed ALBashtawy. "Lifestyle and Dietary Factors and Prostate Cancer Risk: A Multicentre Case-Control Study". Clinical Nursing Research 28, n.º 8 (9 de febrero de 2018): 992–1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1054773818757311.

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This study aims to explore the association between fruit and vegetable intake, high fat, body mass index (BMI) score, physical activity, and the occurrence of prostate cancer among Jordanian men. A case-control study was conducted in three large referral hospitals. The sample included 165 prostate cancer patients in the case group and 177 healthy participants in the control group. The results showed that smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 0.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.18, 0.57]), a history of prostate infection (OR = 0.21; 95% CI = [0.11, 0.38]), high-fat intake (OR = 0.44; 95% CI = [0.23, 0.85]), and increased mean of BMI (OR = 1.08; 95% CI = [1.02, 1.13]) increased the likelihood of developing prostate cancer. Healthy diet and giving up smoking are recommended, as they may contribute to a reduction in the incidence of prostate cancer. More randomized clinical trials in this area are needed to strengthen the available evidence and reduce the effects of confounding variables.

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Al-Majali, Jehad, Mohd Mahadee Ismail y Zatul Himmah Adnan. "Political Parties, Tribalism, and Democratic Practice in Jordan". Dirasat: Human and Social Sciences 49, n.º 5 (29 de diciembre de 2022): 490–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.35516/hum.v49i5.3499.

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Despite the shift towards democracy and political reform throughout the Middle East, this movement failed to make any political gains for several factors. In Jordan, the weaknesses of the political parties and their tribalized activities are viewed as primary reasons why the democratic reforms in Jordan failed to come to fruition. This study aims to address this issue, specifically the role of political parties in democracy practice in Jordan, the weaknesses of the political parties, the effect of tribalism on the political process, and the factors that hinder the democratization process in Jordan. A total of 380 Jordanian partisans took part in a survey questionnaire that was distributed in Jordan. The participants’ responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics and the results revealed that political participation in Jordan is marred by tribal and authoritarian tendencies. Tribalism has a great influence on the parties’ activities and elections. These results lend important insights into the factors that hinder democratization process in Jordan in the light of the Arab Spring and current democratic revolutions demanding political reforms in the Middle East.

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Shwarah, Jalal Aead. "Determining Specialties of the Jordanian Court of Cassation in Its Civil Capacity (According to Reality and the Law)". Asian Social Science 15, n.º 9 (30 de agosto de 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v15n9p14.

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The main objective of this research is to address the issue determining specialties of the Jordanian court of cassation according to reality and the law. To achieve this objective, the analytical comparative research design method is used depending on the legal legislations and the diligence of the Judiciary to remove ambiguity form them because of their importance and direct effect in determining specialty of court of cassation and to distinguish it from court of subject. This research is divided into two subjects: The essence of reality and essence of the law. The second topic has addressed specialty of court of cassation according to reality and the law, divided into two requirements: considering court of cassation as the upper Judicial body, and the second requirement about considering court of subject third degree of the Jurisdiction degrees. The research reached the presence of contradictions making it difficult to determine and to set a specific standard and the decisive line between what is reality and what is law. Based on the results, it is recommended the necessity for in-depth review and amendment of these two laws, setting independent legal texts for the civil trials principal law, organizing the Judges' authority technically to separate between reality and the law.

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Tesaev, Zelimkhan Adamovich y Zelimkhan Zhalaudinovich Suleimanov. "On the Issue of the State of the Study of the narrative of Azdi Vazar (1395-1460)". Genesis: исторические исследования, n.º 8 (agosto de 2022): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2022.8.38654.

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The article discusses the abstract compiled by the Jordanian military and researcher – Abd-ul-Ghani Hassan al-Shiishani (1924-2001) – to the manuscript of the medieval theologian and preacher Azdi Wazar, kept in the archive of Sheikh Bahal Tolmirzi az-Zandaki (1784-1884). The text of the Arabic-language document was sent in 1990 by letter to the Chechen ethnographer and writer A. S. Suleymanov, stored in the manuscript fund of the museum of the same name. According to the contents of the document, Azdi Vazar (1395-1460) was born in the family of the Tatar officer Vazar Andarbi, studied in the countries of the East and visited Chechnya with a preaching purpose. The text lists forty-eight sub-ethnonyms, declared as a list of tribes known to Azdi Vazar at the time of his arrival in his homeland. A number of toponyms are given, as well as brief background information on the religious picture and geographical boundaries of the region. The document is being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The article is divided into three parts and represents the history of the document, the comments of the author of the publication regarding certain points from the annotation and the actual text of the translation of the annotation by A.-G. H. Ash-Shiyshani. Some points reflect additional information gleaned from his own (Al-Shiishani) Chechen-language translation of the Arabic annotation.

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Helo, Shadi Helo Abu, Ibrahim Mohamad Al Ramamneh, Tawfiq Almajali y Omar Alarayshi. "Using Modern Technology to Protect Child Victims and Witnesses of Crime". International Journal of Membrane Science and Technology 10, n.º 3 (12 de agosto de 2023): 1029–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15379/ijmst.v10i3.1655.

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This study aims to address the issue of the use of modern technology as a mechanism that would protect child victims and witnesses of crime, by shedding light on the definitions associated with the study, the legal regulation of the use of these means with child victims and witnesses of crime, the legal scope of using these means, and talking about the procedures to be taken. The study followed the analytical approach to the legal provisions of the legislation under study. The study reached a set of results, including that electronic means are an effective means to remove the child victim or witness of crime from the atmosphere of the courtroom and reduce his tension by avoiding him confronting the offender, and to provide an appropriate environment that enables the victim or witness of crime to focus on questions and answer them in a comfortable environment. It enables him to provide better and clearer testimony, and the position of the Jordanian legislator came to explicitly stipulate the use of electronic means to protect child victims and witnesses of crime in investigation and criminal trial procedures, taking into account the guidelines adopted by the United Nations in the field of child witness and victim protection, as the legislator took into account When organizing the legal provisions for the use of electronic means, the Jordanian legal guarantees the validity of the investigation and criminal trial with children. Through the means of audio-visual communication, it became possible to direct interactive communication with sound and image without physical movement between children who are spatially separated from the court, and this is an achievement of the principle of presence, oral and public. It also concluded with a number of recommendations, including amending the legal provision that makes the use of electronic means to protect child victims and witnesses of crime permissible for the court to be obligatory in all investigation and criminal trial procedures as long as the legal guarantees for trials are observed, and to find a kind of continuous coordination and cooperation with the leading countries. To develop working methods in the courts, to achieve speedy justice, and to better serve children who are victims and witnesses of crime. Perhaps this study contributes to identifying the limits reached by the State of Jordan in terms of legislative and procedural interest in electronic means and its use to protect child victims and witnesses of crime.

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Abdel-Razeq, Hikmat, Sarah M. Nielsen, Abdelghani Tbakhi, Hira Bani Hani, Baha' Sharaf, Ramiz Abu Hijlih, Mais Alkyam et al. "Implementation of universal pan-cancer germline genetic testing in an Arab population: The jordanian exploratory cancer fenetics (Jo-ECAG) study." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, n.º 16_suppl (1 de junio de 2023): 10591. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.10591.

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10591 Background: Germline genetic testing (GGT) has a significant impact on cancer care. While universal testing has been selectively implemented in the U.S., less is known about adoption of this approach in other ethnic groups. This study reports on GGT results among newly diagnosed cancer patients (pts) in Jordan. Methods: Jo-ECAG was a prospective study of newly diagnosed cancer pts between April 2021 and September 2022 who underwent 84 gene GGT. Patients were classified based on the 2020 National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) GGT criteria as meeting (in criteria, IC) or not meeting criteria (out of criteria, OOC). Demographics and clinical history were clinician-provided. Pts who were carriers for autosomal recessive conditions were excluded from pathogenic germline variant (PGV) count. Differences in proportions were determined using two-tailed Fisher’s exact test and the significance was set at p≤ 0.05. Results: The cohort consisted of 3,313 Arabic cancer pts, predominantly female (69.8%), with a median age of 54 at testing. Breast was the most commonly diagnosed cancer (50.4%), followed by colorectal (14.9%) and prostate (14.3%). 52% of pts tested were guidelines-based (IC). 460 PGVs were identified in 426 (12.9%) pts. PGVs were most commonly identified in APC (predominantly I1307K variant, 144 pts, 4.4%), BRCA2 (72, 2.2%), BRCA1 (36, 1.1%), CHEK2 (26, 0.8%) and ATM (25, 0.8%). While IC pts were more likely than OOC pts to have a PGV (15.7% vs 9.8%, p<0.0001), 156 (36.6%) pts with PGVs were OOC. 232 (54.5%) pts had PGVs in DNA damage response and repair/homologous recombination repair (DDR/HRR) genes, including 61 (26.3%) OOC pts. 3,602 variants of uncertain significance (VUS) were identified in 2,199 (66.4%) pts with 1,868 of these pts having only VUS results (56.4%), but the frequency in the latter group was not different between IC and OOC pts (p=0.42). Conclusions: Universal GGT of all new cancer pts was successfully implemented and led to actionable findings that would have been missed with guidelines-based testing. With the exception of an overrepresentation of APC I1307K variants, PGV rates were similar to Western ethnic groups. Over half of pts had PGVs in DDR/HRR genes that confer potential eligibility for targeted therapies and/or clinical trials. While VUS rates were high, they were similar between IC and OOC pts. Additional efforts to sequence underrepresented populations and develop variant interpretation methods agnostic to ancestry may help to mitigate these disparities.

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Khabour, Omar F., Ahmed A. Abu-Siniyeh, Karem H. Alzoubi y Nihaya A. Al-Sheyab. "Challenges Faced by Behavioral Genetic Studies: Researchers Perspective from the MENA Region". Current Genomics 22, n.º 7 (noviembre de 2021): 550–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202923666211216162141.

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Background: Behavioral genetic studies are important for the understanding of the contribution of genetic variations to human behavior. However, such studies might be associated with some ethical concerns. Methods: In the current study, ethical challenges related to studies of genetic variations contributing to human behavior were examined among researchers. To achieve the study purpose, the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region researchers were taken as an example, where the aftermentioned ethical challenges were discussed among a group of researchers, who were the participants of an online forum. Discussions and responses of the participants were monitored and were later qualitatively analyzed. Results: Discussions revealed that several ethical challenges, including subjects’ recruitment, the difficulty of obtaining informed consents, and issues of privacy and confidentiality of obtained data as information leakage, in this case, will lead to social stigma and isolation of the participants and their immediate family members. Jordanian social and cultural norms, faith, and the tribal nature of the population were raised as a major challenge that might face conducting behavioral genetic studies in the Arab populations of the MENA. The lack of regulation related to the conduction of genetic studies, misunderstanding, and misuse of genetic information are other challenges. A full explanation of genetic research and the current and future possible benefits/risks of such research could be potential solutions. Conclusion: In conclusion, the MENA populations are tackled with major challenges in relation to conducting research studies in genetics/antisocial behavior field/s. Establishment of guidelines related to genetic studies, capacity building, increasing public awareness about the importance of genetic testing, and enhancing responsible conduct of research will facilitate the conduct of such sensitive studies in the future in the region.

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Wang, Sophia. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 11, No. 4". Journal of Mathematics Research 11, n.º 4 (31 de julio de 2019): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v11n4p86.

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Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated. Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 4   Abimbola Abolarinwa, Landmark University, Nigeria Ahmed Saad Rashed, Zagazig University, Egypt Cibele Cristina Trinca Watanabe, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Brazil Cinzia Bisi, Ferrara University, Italy Denis Khleborodov, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia Gener Santiago Subia, NUeva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Philippines Hayat REZGUI, Ecole normale Supérieure de Kouba, Algeria Jalal Hatem, Baghdad University, Iraq Liwei Shi, China University of Political Science and Law, China Maria Alessandra Ragusa, University of Catania, Italy Martin Anokye, University of Cape Coast, Ghana Mashadi Ali, Riau University, Indonesia Mohammad A. AlQudah, German Jordanian University, Jordan N. V. Ramana Murty, Andhra Loyola College, India Özgür Ege, Ege University, Turkey Philip Yordanoff Philipoff, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria Rami Ahmad El-Nabulsi, Athens Institute for Education and Research, Greece Rovshan Bandaliyev, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan Sanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, India Sergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USA Shenghua Ni, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, USA Vishnu Narayan Mishra, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, India Xingbo WANG, Foshan University, China Xinyun Zhu, University of Texas of the Permian Basin, USA Zoubir Dahmani, University of Mostaganem, Algeria   Sophia Wang On behalf of, The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics Research Canadian Center of Science and Education

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Wang, Sophia. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 11, No. 6". Journal of Mathematics Research 11, n.º 6 (29 de noviembre de 2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v11n6p93.

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Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated. Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 6   Abimbola Abolarinwa, Landmark University, Nigeria Cibele Cristina Trinca Watanabe, Federal University of Tocantins (UFT), Brazil Denis Khleborodov, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia Francisco Bulnes, Research Department in Mathematics and Engineering, TESCHA, Mexico Gabriela Ciuperca, University Lyon 1, France Gane Sam Lo, Universite Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, Senegal Gener Santiago Subia, Wesleyan University, Philippines Jalal Hatem, Baghdad University, Iraq Maria Alessandra Ragusa, University of Catania, Italy Martin Anokye, University of Cape Coast, Ghana Mashadi Ali, Riau University, Indonesia Meltem Erden Ege, Manisa Celal Bayar University, Turkey Mohammad A. AlQudah, German Jordanian University, Jordan Mohammad Sajid, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia Mustapha El Moudden, Moulay Ismail University, Morocco Omur Deveci, Kafkas University, Turkey Özen ÖZER, Kirklareli University, Turkey Philip Yordanoff Philipoff, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Bulgaria Rami Ahmad El-Nabulsi, Athens Institute for Education and Research, Greece Rosalio G. Artes, Jr., Mindanao State University, Philippines Sanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, India Sergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USA Vishnu Narayan Mishra, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, India Xinyun Zhu, University of Texas of the Permian Basin, USA   Sophia Wang On behalf of, The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics Research Canadian Center of Science and Education

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Muhalidin Usman Guiaman, Mahmoud Ali Al- Omari, Muhalidin Usman Guiaman, Mahmoud Ali Al Omari. "Electronic litigation by filing an electronic lawsuit: التقاضي الإلكتروني من خلال رفع الدعوى الإلكترونية". مجلة العلوم الإقتصادية و الإدارية و القانونية 6, n.º 10 (29 de abril de 2022): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26389/ajsrp.k201221.

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This study aimed to demonstrate the possibility of benefiting from the great scientific development in the field of technology, especially the Internet in the field of litigation by filing an electronic lawsuit, as overcrowding in the courts is reduced. Also electronic litigation provides speed and accuracy in issuing judgments and ease of access to the proceedings of the case with ease and ease, in addition to saving the time it achievers in terms of movement, wages, and so on. The study also shows the characteristics and controls that it provides when using electronic litigation as an emerging method, as well as clarifying the difficulties facing this type of litigation, and how these difficulties can be faced. And the issue of electronic litigation referred to by the jurists, is one of the possibilities that were available in their time, and what they found from the customs, and they sat that in their books, and it is the duty of the rules of Muslims to organize the affairs of the judiciary, which guarantees justice and equality between the opponents with the independence of all the means available in each era and including it does not violate the provisions of Sharia Islamic. In this study, the researcher followed several approaches, most notably: the descriptive approach, by tracing the terms mentioned in the research and between them, as well as the deductive approach by looking at the legal legislation regulating the comparative approach to see the experiences of the countries used for this litigation to determine the nature of, This system. One of the results of this study is that it notes the Jordanian legislation in regulating the rules of electronic litigation, and one of these shortcomings is the failure to devote sufficient guarantees to the framework of the application of electronic litigation procedures, the failure to provide for electronic litigation procedures, especial in civil matters, and the failure to address the authoritative rulings issued and its framework. The researcher recommended that the electronic litigation process needs accuracy and control that should be used without excessive, in order to prove its success in the hoped manner, and that this type of litigation needs specialized technical cadres to assist during the course of the trials.

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Keyan, Dharani, Rand Habashneh, Aemal Akhtar, Hafsa El-Dardery, Muhannad Faroun, Adnan Abualhaija, Ibrahim Said Aqel, Latefa Ali Dardas y Richard Bryant. "Evaluating a stepped care model of psychological support for adults affected by adversity: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial in Jordan". BMJ Open 14, n.º 2 (febrero de 2024): e078091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-078091.

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BackgroundThe burden of common mental disorders in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) is growing with little known about how to allocate limited resources to reach the greatest number of people undergoing instances of significant psychological distress. We present a study protocol for a multicentre, parallel-group, superiority, randomised controlled trial.Methods and analysisAdults with significant psychological distress (K10 score ≥20) will be randomised to receive a stepped care programme involving a self-guided course (Doing What Matters) followed by a more intensive group programme (Problem Management Plus) or the self-guided course alone, both of which will take place in addition to enhanced treatment as usual comprising of a follow-up referral session to available services within the community. We will include 800 participants. An intent-to-treat and completer analysis will explore the impact of the stepped model of care on anxiety and depression symptoms (as measured by the Hopkins Symptom Checklist; HSCL-25) at 24 weeks from baseline. Secondary outcomes include positive psychological well-being, agency, changes in patient-identified problems, quality of life and cost-effectiveness. Linear mixed models will be used to assess the differential impact of the conditions over time. Analyses will focus on the primary outcome (HSCL-25) and secondary outcomes (agency subscale, WHO Well-Being Index, WHO Disability Assessment Schedule V.2.0, EQ-5D, Psychological Outcomes Profiles Scale) for both conditions, with the main outcome time point being the 3-month follow-up, relative to baseline.Ethics and disseminationThis will be the first randomised controlled trial to assess the benefits of a stepped model of care to addressing psychological distress in a LMIC setting. Results will provide important insights for managing limited resources to mental healthcare in these settings and will be accordingly disseminated to service providers and organisations via professional training and meetings, and via publication in relevant journals and conference presentations. We will also present these findings to the Jordanian Ministry of Health, where this institute will guide us on the most appropriate format for communication of findings, including written reports, verbal presentations and/or brochures. Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Jordan School of Nursing Research Ethics Committee (number: PF.22.10).Trial registration numberACTRN12621000189820p; Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry.

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Al-Sayaydeh, R., M. J. Shtaya, T. Qubbaj, M. K. Al-Rifaee, M. A. Alabdallah, O. Migdadi, I. A. Gammoh y A. M. Al-Abdallat. "Performance and Stability Analysis of Selected Durum Wheat Genotypes Differing in Their Kernel Characteristics". Plants 12, n.º 14 (16 de julio de 2023): 2664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12142664.

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Breeding of high-yielding and stable durum wheat varieties with improved kernel characteristics is needed for dry regions around the globe. The aim of this study was to investigate the performance and stability of eight durum wheat genotypes varying in their kernel characteristics across 15 contrasting environments. The tested material included three recombinant inbred lines (NUR-072, NUR-106 and NUR-238) derived from a cross between Norsi, a Jordanian landrace with special kernel characteristics and UC1113 Yr36+Gpc-B1, an elite line from USA. Field trials were carried out for three constitutive growing seasons under rainfed conditions, except for three environments where supplementary irrigation was provided. After the harvest, grain yield (GY), total yield (TW), and harvest index (HI) were recorded. Additionally, several kernel-related traits, including thousand kernel weight (TKW), kernel area (KA), kernel width (KW), kernel length (KL), kernel circularity (KC), and kernel length–width ratio (KL:KW) were evaluated. Analysis of variance for all tested traits revealed high significant variations (p ≤ 0.01) between the genotype (except for TW) and the genotype × environment (G × E) interaction. Genotype effect contributed to substantial percentage of variation (>75%) for KA, KL, KC and KL:KW, whereas KW showed a lower percentage similar to GY. Regarding the G × E effect, explained variation was highest for the TW (67.79%), and lowest for KL (6.47%). For GY, Norsi produced significantly the lowest mean value (249.99 g.m−2) while, Bolenga produced the highest mean value (377.85 g.m−2) although no significant differences were observed with the remaining genotypes. On the other hand, Norsi, NUR-072 and NUR-106 showed best performance for TKW and kernel-related traits with NUR-106 producing the highest mean value for KL (9.07 mm). The GGE biplot and AMMI analysis of GY identified Bolenga, Um Qais and NUR-106 as good performers across several environments, while Norsi exhibited the poorest performance. For TKW, Norsi was the best performer across different environments followed by NUR-106, which showed excellent performance under irrigated and saline conditions. For stability analysis, NUR-106 emerged as the most stable genotype in this study for GY and several kernel-related traits, particularly for KL and KC. In conclusion, the results of this study offer valuable insights for durum wheat breeders seeking to develop high-yielding and stable varieties with special kernel characteristics suitable for cultivation in dry areas.

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Näsman, Ulf. "Danerne og det danske kongeriges opkomst – Om forskningsprogrammet »Fra Stamme til Stat i Danmark«". Kuml 55, n.º 55 (31 de octubre de 2006): 205–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kuml.v55i55.24694.

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The Danes and the Origin of the Danish KingdomOn the Research Programme “From Tribe to State in Denmark”Since the 1970’s, the ethnogenesis of the Danes and the origin of the Danish kingdom have attracted increased interest among Danish archaeologists. Marked changes over time observed in a growing source material form a new basis of interpretation. In written sources, the Danish realm does not appear until the Viking Age. The formation of the kingdom is traditionally placed as late as the 10th century (Jelling and all that). But prehistorians have raised the question whether the formation of the kingdom was not a much longer course. Some scholars believe that we have to study the periods preceding the Viking Age to be able to understand the development, at least from the 3rd century. In Scandinavia, this covers the Late Roman Iron Age, the Migration and Merovingian periods, as well as the early Viking Age. In a Continental perspective, it parallels the Late Antiquity (3rd-6th centuries) and the Early Middle Ages (6th-10th centuries).In 1984, the Danish Research Council launched the research programme “From Tribe to State in Denmark” which aimed to understand the formation of the Danish kingdom by studying the interaction between economic, social, and political circumstances from the Roman Period to the Viking Age. This paper presents a short synthesis of my work in the programme.Two themes have been brought into focus:1) The ethnogenesis of the Nordic peoples: the formation of the tribes that appear in the few and problematic written sources of the first millennium AD, in casu the Danes;2) The making of the Nordic kingdoms: in this case Denmark.A problem with this kind of long-term research is the inherent teleological perspective, revealed in the programme title. It is essential for me to emphasise that the early Danish kingdom was not a self-evident formation but the result of a series of concrete historical circumstances. There have been alternative possibilities at several occasions.In Scandinavia, the period is prehistoric. However, in South Scandinavia it deserves to be labelled protohistoric. Scandinavian archaeologists often forget or ignore the fact that in large parts of Europe, the first millennium AD is a historical period. The Scandinavian development is too often evaluated in isolation from the rest of Europe, in spite of the fact that the material culture demonstrates that interaction with continental as well as insular powers was continuously influencing Scandinavia. Necessarily, a relevant approach to Scandinavian late prehistory includes a historical dimension and a European perspective. South Scandinavian societies were over time linked to different realms in Europe. The Danish development was certainly part of a common west European trajectory.The best possibility of interpreting the archaeological record of South Scandinavia is by analogy with historians’ interpretations of other more or less contemporary Germanic peoples, based on descriptions in the written sources. Long-term studies of Scandinavian societies in the first millennium AD has laid new ground on which scholars have to build their image of the making of a Danish kingdom. The paper briefly describes some of the results and focuses on changes in the material that I find significant.Rural settlement: Great progress in the study of Iron Age and Early Mediaeval farming suggests economic growth, a development from subsistence economy to a production of a surplus, from collective forms of farming to individually run farmsteads, from small family farmsteads to large farms and manors. It is the surplus created by this expansion that could carry the late Viking and high medieval Danish kingdom with its administration, military power, church, towns, etc.Trade and exchange: Prestige-goods exchange dominated in the beginning of the period. Goods came from various parts of Europe. The connections to central and east Europe were broken in the sixth century, not to be reopened until the Viking Age. This explains the dominating position held by West European material culture in the development of South Scandinavia. Thus, South Scandinavia became part of the commercial zone of West Europe, certainly an important element in the making of the Danish kingdom. In the Viking Age, the rapid urbanisation demonstrates that Denmark gained great profit from its key position in the North Sea-Baltic trade network.Central places and early towns: Complex settlements appeared already in the Late Roman Iron Age, e.g. Gudme/Lundeborg, Funen. Further central sites appeared, and the number of central places grew rapidly. By the year 700, they are found in virtually every settlement area of South Scandinavia. The sites were not simple trading stations, as most were labelled a few years ago, but many also fulfilled important political, social, and religious functions; some were also manorial residences. The resident elite based their power on the mobilisation of the rural surplus; at the same time, one can say that the stimulus to produce a rural surplus was probably caused by an increasing demand from the elite at the centres.In the Viking Age, urbanisation began, which meant that the old central places lost their position and were replaced by towns like Hedeby, Ribe, and Århus. Excavations show that urbanisation started in the 8th century, a little later than the famous emporia Quentovic, Dorestad, Hamwic, and Ipswic.So today, it must be concluded that at the threshold to the Viking Age, South Scandinavian societies had a more advanced economic system and a more complex social organisation than believed only 20 years ago.Warfare: The dated indications of war cluster in two periods, the 3rd to 5th centuries, and the 10th to 11th centuries. The early period could be characterised as one of tribal warfare, in which many polities were forced to join larger confederations through the pressure of endemic warfare and conquests. In the archaeological record, indicators of war seem to disappear after AD 500, not to reappear in large numbers until the Viking Age. Was this period a Pax Danorum? Indeed, the silent archaeological record could indicate that the Danes had won hegemony in South Scandinavia. This phase can be understood as a period of consolidation between an early phase of tribal warfare and a later phase in which the territorial defence of a Danish kingdom becomes visible in the record.Wars with the Carolingian empire in the 9th century are the first wars in Denmark to be mentioned in the written record. However, archaeology demonstrates the presence of serious military threats in the centuries before, e.g. the first dykes at Danevirke. The strategic localisation of the period’s defence works reveals that threats were met with both navy and army. According to the texts, the 9th century wars are clearly national wars, either wars of conquest on a large scale between kingdoms, or civil wars, which for a large part seem to be triggered by an aggressive Frankish diplomacy.The two phases of warfare mirror two different military political situations: in the Late Roman and Migration Periods they are tribal wars and conflicts over resource control; in the Late Merovingian Period and the Viking Age they concern a Danish kingdom’s territorial defence.Religious changes: The conversion is often considered a major turning point in Scandinavian history; and in a way it was, of course. But the importance of Christianisation is heavily overestimated. The conversion was simply a step in a process that started long before. The paganism of the Scandinavians must not mislead us into believing that they were barbarians.A great change in cult practice took place around AD 500 when the use of bogs and lakes for offerings rapidly decreased. Instead, religious objects are found hoarded in settlement contexts, sometimes in the great halls of the magnates. This indicates that the elite had taken control of religion in a new way. The close link between cult and elite continued uninterrupted after Christianisation; churches were built by the magnates and on their ground. Therefore, we have a kind of cult-site continuity. From the Migration Period, the archaeological material demonstrates a close link between cult and magnates. This is certainly one important element in the formation of a Danish kingdom.Political development: Analyses of material culture reveal that South Scandinavia in the Early Iron Age consisted of many small regions, and based on sources like Tacitus and Ptolemy, one can guess that they correspond to tribal areas. In the Late Roman Iron Age and the Migration Period, the formation of a South Scandinavian super-region can be discerned, but still subdivided into a small number of distinguishable culture zones, and, again, on the basis of written sources (Jordanes and Procopius), one can guess that small tribes had joined into larger confederations precisely as on the Continent. In my opinion, a Danish kingdom appeared not later than the sixth century. Based on the well-studied material culture of the early Merovingian Period, one can assume that it had its core area in Central Denmark - South Jutland, Funen, and Zealand – with a close periphery of North Jutland, South Halland, Scania, Blekinge, and Bornholm. Probably more loosely attached to the Danish hegemony was a more distant periphery in South Sweden.So the Danish kingdom already had a history when it first appeared in the Frankish sources at the end of the 8th century. Danish involvement in European politics is first clearly observable in 777 and again in 782. Obviously, the Danish kingdom was a political and military actor on the North European scene long before the Viking Age.In the light of all these arguments, three phases can be described:– Roman Iron Age: Tribal societies with chieftains or small kings.– Late Roman Iron Age, Migration Period, and early Merovingian Period: A process of amalgamation started and warfare characterises the period. The result is the formation of tribal confederations. Written sources speak in favour of the Danes as the people who eventually won hegemony over South Scandinavia.– Late Merovingian Period and Viking Age: A process began in which royal agents replaced local chieftains. The last area to be integrated under direct Danish royal rule, in the reign of Sven Forkbeard, was probably Scania. Thus Medieval Denmark appeared.Final remarks: As a result of archaeological achievements in the last decades, a number of traditional views about Scandinavian late prehistory appear less likely, or rather erroneous. It is an underestimation that the pagans were unable of organisation and that a formation of a Danish kingdom is unthinkable before the late Viking Age. Unfortunately, the ethnogenesis of the Danes is beyond the reach of study, but a rough hypothesis may be formulated. The Danes were once one of several tribes somewhere in South Scandinavia. Events outside the Scandinavian scene were of fundamental importance for the possibility of the Danish gens to grow in power in the Late Roman and Migration Periods. Already before the Merovingian Period, the Danes won hegemony between the Baltic and the North Sea. A Danish kingdom could probably be based on this key position. Its survival was by no means a matter of course. In their continued efforts to secure the Danish position, capable kings established the borders of high medieval Denmark in the course of the Viking Age.Ulf NäsmanInstitutionen för humaniora och samhällsvetenskap Högskolan i Kalmar

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46

Wang, Sophia. "Reviewer Acknowledgements for Journal of Mathematics Research, Vol. 11, No. 2". Journal of Mathematics Research 11, n.º 2 (28 de marzo de 2019): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jmr.v11n2p200.

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Reviewer Acknowledgements Journal of Mathematics Research wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal is greatly appreciated. Many authors, regardless of whether Journal of Mathematics Research publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Reviewers for Volume 11, Number 2   Ahmed Saad Rashed, Zagazig University, Egypt Alan Jalal Abdulqader, Al-Mustansiriyah University, Iraq Amjad Salari, Razi University, Iran Arman Aghili, University of Guilan, Iran Denis Khleborodov, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia Gane Sam Lo, Universite Gaston Berger de Saint-Louis, Senegal Gener Santiago Subia, NUeva Ecija University of Science and Technology, Philippines Ivan Drazic, University of Rijeka, Croatia Maria Alessandra Ragusa, University of Catania, Italy Maria Cecília Santos Rosa, Instituto Politecnico da Guarda, Portugal Martin Anokye, University of Cape Coast, Ghana Mohammad A. AlQudah, German Jordanian University, Jordan N. V. Ramana Murty, Andhra Loyola College, India Neha Hooda, New Jersey City University, United States Paul J. Udoh, University of Uyo., Nigeria Rovshan Bandaliyev, National Academy of Sciences of Azerbaijan, Azerbaijan Sanjib Kumar Datta, University of Kalyani, India Sergiy Koshkin, University of Houston Downtown, USA Suzana Blesic, Italy Vishnu Narayan Mishra, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, India Zhongming Wang, Florida International University, USA   Sophia Wang On behalf of, The Editorial Board of Journal of Mathematics Research Canadian Center of Science and Education                                                                                                                         

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Montangie, Antonela Dos Santos. "De tribus y etnias: transformaciones históricas y vinculación con los Estados-nación". Desacatos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, n.º 41 (28 de octubre de 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.29340/41.103.

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Como producto de la revisión de la conferencia inaugural de Maurice Godelier en el coloquio internacional The Political Role of Tribes in the Middle East —pronunciada en Amánn, Jordania, en 2009— sale a la luz esta breve obra intitulada, en idioma original, Les tribus dans l’Histoire et face aux États. En ella el autor propone revisar el lugar que los grupos tribales han ocupado en la historia y el modo en que se han relacionado con los Estados. El texto se estructura en cuatro secciones. En la primera se hace una distinción analítica entre los conceptos de “tribu” y “etnia”, y a partir de su definición se puntualizan las diferencias respecto de las formas de ordenación social que cada uno implica.

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Hashem, Reem. "‘Al Faza’a’ leadership: An implicit cultural barrier to distributed leadership in Jordanian public schools". Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 19 de junio de 2020, 174114322093258. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1741143220932580.

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In 2003, the Jordanian government launched an ‘education reform for knowledge economy’ leadership programme in Jordanian public schools. The programme transformed school leadership structures by advocating patterns of distributed leadership. However, growing evidence in cross-cultural research shows the influence of local culture on implementation of foreign reform programmes. This paper aims to examine a culture-bound leadership practice during the implementation of the education reform for knowledge economy programme and the tensions it holds to the intent of distributed leadership. This leadership practice was identified by Jordanian school principals who participated in qualitative research to examine factors affecting the implementation of the education reform for knowledge economy programme. The research employed a grounded theory methodology for data collection and analysis. Principals termed this leadership practice ‘al faza’a’ leadership which is anchored in al faza’a social practice of Jordanian tribes. Findings demonstrate that Jordanian tribal leadership styles are seen in Jordanian public schools. ‘Al faza’a’ hegemonic leadership practices in the Jordanian public schools signify the embodiment of the tribal social and cultural values of solidarity and kinship. These values can be incongruent with the core values underlying the education reform for knowledge economy’s advocated distributed leadership programme. This paper concludes that ‘al faza’a’ practice can represent an implicit leadership theory in Jordanian schools.

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"The Role of King Abdul Aziz in Solving the Issues of the Tribes on the Saudi-Jordanian Borders and Settling Them (1921-1933)". Journal of the Faculties of Arts 18, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2021): 255–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.51405/18.1.10.

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This research aims to shed light on the role played by King Abdul Aziz Abdul Rahman Al Saud in settling the tribes’ disputes on the Saudi-Jordanian borders during the period (1921-1933).This role was represented by diplomacy at the external level through the Kuwait Conference (1923-1924), and through the treaties he had with Britain, being the mandated country for the Emirate of Transjordan such as the Treaty of Jeddah in 1925, and the Treaty of Friendship and Good-neighborliness in 1932, which led to mutual recognition between Saudi Arabia and the Emirate of Transjordan in 1933. On the internal level, it was represented by settling the tribes, providing them with housing and digging wells for stability. This was accompanied by the scholars who clarified the teachings of Islam among the tribes and urged them to abandon invasion, revenges, looting, and robbery, so that the border area will be secure and stable for the tribes who are living on the borders. The study attempts to explore the reasons of tribes’ disputes, the relations between the tribes on the Saudi-Jordanian borders, which were based on invasions and revolutions, the role of Britain in the region and its role on the the tribes after the demarcation of the borders, and the role of King Abdul Aziz in solving these problems The study followed the historical approach based on the description and analysis from obtaining information from its sources ,collecting and analyzing it in an objective scientific method. Keywords: Tribes, Borders, Treaties, Saudi Arabia, Jordan.

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"The Journalistic Treatment of Daesh's Topics in the Jordanian Newspapers: An Analytical Study". Journal of the Faculties of Arts 17, n.º 2 (1 de octubre de 2020): 399–437. http://dx.doi.org/10.51405/17.2.1.

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This study aims to examine how the Jordanian daily newspapers cover topics that are related to the terrorist group: Daesh. The study is descriptive and used content analysis approach to provide an accurate description of the topics that have addressed Daesh in the Jordanian daily newspapers. The population of the study consisted of all Jordanian daily newspapers, while the sample composed of local Jordanian Newspapers (Al Rai, Al Ghad, and Al Sabeel). By using the industrial week, the study came up with these results: - In terms of trends, Al Ghad provided more supported trends on the war against Daesh and was ranked first (36.8%), while Al Rai came second (14.8) and Al Sabeel placed in the third rank (13.8%). - As for the implications that are included in the articles and analyses, the attitude, which states that the liberalization of Al Ramadi will give hope in the liberation of the rest of the Iraqi cities, and the victory over Daesh, ranked first in Al Rai (30%), whereas the attitude, which states that Daesh’s control of its fans through media ideology and the ways Daesh uses to revenge, ranked first by (18.9%) in Al Ghad newspaper. In Al Sabeel newspaper, the attitude, which states that removal of the The People's Mobilization (in Arabic named Al Hashed al-Shaabi) form fighting Daesh pushes Sunni tribes to fight Daesh, ranked first (14.3%). - News stories about Daesh were the journalist styles used in both Al Rai (63.9%) and Al Sabeel (58.6%), while news reports about Daesh ranked first in Al Ghad (36.8%). - As for the news sources, the Arabic and international news agencies were the most news sources used in the sample of the study, in particular, about (88.5%) in Al Rai, and 51.3% in Al Ghad, and 62.1% in Al Sabeel. Key words: Treatment, Jordanian Newspapers, Daesh, Content Analysis.

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