Literatura académica sobre el tema "Travel’s literature"

Resumo As narrativas de viagem convidam à leitura por estarem vinculadas a diversas áreas do conhecimento e da sensibilidade, suscitando reflexões, dentre elas, sobre a formação e a propagação de discursos de/sobre viagem. Dentro do universo da literatura de viagem, propõe-se uma leitura transversal de textos que são marcados pela valorização do testemunho. Prioritariamente entendido como prova e fragmento da verdade, o testemunho do típico narrador-viajante adquire, ao longo do tempo, um caráter de encenação. Da mesma forma, a ênfase na viagem como modo de testemunhar os lugares assume a forma de práticas superficializadas. Anunciadas como bens de consumo, as viagens são comercializadas em pacotes “estampados” com imagens-clichê, produzidas para estimular a contemplação fácil e o registro rápido durante percursos padronizados. A forte influência do mercado turístico na conformação da cultura das viagens estimula uma renovação nas tradicionais identidades do viajante, que tendem a ser inspiradas na ideia do viajante-testemunha. As anotações de viagem de Alain de Botton e Claude Lévi-Strauss auxiliam a reflexão.Palavras-chave: viagem, literatura de viagem, mercado turístico, identidade do viajante.AbstractTravel narratives are inviting for the reading because they are linked to several areas of knowledge and sensibility, and bring up reflections, among them, about the structuring and propagation of travel discourse. Inside the universe of travel literature, we propose a transversal reading of the texts that are distinguished by valorization of the testimony. Previously understood as proof and fragment of the truth, the typical traveler-narrator testimony acquires, in time, an ethos of play-acting. In the same way, the emphasis on traveling as a way to witness places takes the shape of superficialized practices. Portrayed as consumer goods, travels are sold as “colorful” packages with cliché images that boost easy admiration and quick registering throughout standard routes. The tourism trade’s strong influence in structuring travel culture boosts a renewal of the traditional traveler identities, usually inspired by the notion of travelers as witnesses. The travel notes from Alain Botton and Claude Lévi-Strauss are helpful on this reflection. Keywords: Travel, travel’s literature, tourism trade, traveler identity.RésuméLes récits de voyage nous invitent à la lecture, en raison de leur liason avec des différends domaines de la connaissance, de la sensibilité et la propagation du discours à propos des voyages. Dans l'univers de la littérature de Voyage, nous proposons une lecture croisée des textes qui mettent en valeur le témoignage du voyageur. Le témoignage type de ce narrateur-voyageur est entendu, la plupart du temps, comme une preuve et/ou morceau de vérité. Alors, au long du temps, il devient une mise en scène du voyage. De même, l'accent mis sur le voyage comme moyen d'appréhender les lieux engendre des habitudes de voyages superficiels. Les voyages, annoncées comme des biens de consommation, sont vendus en " packs " par des images clichés produites afin de stimuler la contemplation et/ou l’inscription facile et rapide dans des voies standardisées. La forte influence du marché du tourisme dans l’élaboration de la culture du voyage stimule un renouvellement des identités traditionnelles du voyageur qui ont tendance à être inspiré par ce narrateur-voyageur. Les notes de voyage de Alain de Botton et Claude Lévi- Strauss nous aideront durant notre réflexion.Mots-clés: Voyage, littérature de voyage, marché du tourisme, identité du voyageur.

Travel support for public transport today usually takes no or little account of the traveler’s personal needs and current context. Thereby, travelers are often suggested irrelevant travel plans, which may force them to search for information from other sources. In particular, this is a problem during unplanned disturbances. By incorporating the traveler’s context information into the travel support, travelers could be provided with individually tailored information. This would especially benefit travelers who find it more difficult than others to navigate the public transport system. Furthermore, it might raise the accessibility and general attractiveness of public transport. This paper contributes with an understanding of how information about the traveler’s context can enhance the support provided by travel planners, in the case of disturbances in public transport. In particular, the paper includes a high-level analysis of how and in which situations context information can be useful. The analysis shows how information about the traveler’s context can improve travel planners, as well as highlights some risks in relation to some identified scenarios. Several technologies for retrieving information about the physical context of the traveler are also identified. The study is based on a literature review, a workshop, and interviews with domain experts.

The holistic conceptions of multi-dimensional well-being that synergize the constructs that capture all elements of the well-being of travelers are lacking in current literature. This study aims to develop an instrument to measure religious travelers’ well-being based on multi-dimensional well-being from the perspective of Muslim travelers who traveled to the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to perform Umrah to gauge their level of well-being. The scale development technique was employed by creating, refining, and validating the instrument. The final survey instrument, which was administered using a purposive snowball sampling procedure, featured 30 items representing six dimensions of well-being. The final dataset included 202 Muslims who traveled to perform Umrah and were analyzed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS 21.0 software. Four low-loading items were removed, leaving 26 items with a satisfactory model fit that covered six wellness dimensions: physical, spiritual, emotional, social, intellectual, and financial well-being. The findings contribute to the literature on religious tourism by providing an in-depth description of the experience of a religious pilgrimage for Muslims and their subsequent sense of fulfillment. The newly constructed instrument is believed to provide a more comprehensive view on well-being, allowing for a more nuanced assessment of a traveler’s well-being upon return.

This article considers how strangers who use public transportation initiate conversations and how disruptions of the transportation system affect interactions among strangers. How conversations are initiated has rarely been discussed in the literature because the majority of research takes the initiation of talk for granted. Building on Goffman, the article tests two hypotheses that explain how strangers initiate conversations. The first hypothesis states that travelers rely on interactional rituals if they have to talk with others because of a rule against opening talk with strangers, a rule that can be relaxed if travelers are faced with disruptive events. The second hypothesis states that a conversation can be initiated without introductory remarks if a traveler’s focus of attention is discernible to another traveler, irrespective of the circumstances travelers find themselves in. I argue that the latter hypothesis better explains how strangers initiate conversations and discuss how this finding may be generalized.

The number of international travelers traveling through U.S. airports is increasing because of the proliferation of longer-range aircraft, expanding global alliances, and a growing middle class from developing nations. Each international airport has a unique design, and many international travelers experience difficulty finding their way in unfamiliar airports. The wayfinding task is made more difficult when combined with other factors such as traveler anxiety, jet lag, and unfamiliarity with the local language and culture. To understand better the challenges faced by international travelers, a literature review, a human factors task analysis, and an international traveler intercept survey were carried out to determine traveler needs, expectations, and key factors that affect traveler satisfaction with an airport. Four traveler surveys were developed and administered to different traveler groups. Surveys were administered at the eight U.S. gateway airports with the most international travelers. Some key findings were as follows: ( a) all traveler groups identified easy wayfinding as being the most important airport feature, with travelers transferring between two flights rating it highest; ( b) in comparison to other traveler groups, arriving travelers rated short walking distance as being much more important than other features; ( c) travelers making a connection between two international flights did not expect that they would need to collect and recheck their bags while in transit; ( d) travelers making a connection between two international flights had the lowest overall satisfaction as compared with the other traveler groups; and ( e) only one-third of travelers making a connection between two international flights had a positive experience with the walking distance between flights.

The article presents new perspectives on East-European and Romanian studies in relation with travel literature by discussing two recent books: a complex memoir written by the journalist and American historian Robert D. Kaplan, recently translated into Romanian: În umbra Europei. Două războaie reci și trei decenii de călătorie prin România și dincolo de ea (In Europe`s Shadow. Two Cold Wars and a Thirty-Year Journey Through Romania and Beyond ) and the literary history book on Romanian travel literature Lâna de aur. Călătorii și călătoriile în literatura română (The Golden Fleece. Travelers and Travels in Romanian Literature) written by Mircea Anghelescu.

[full article and abstract in French; abstract in English and Lithuanian]
 Oscar Milosz, poète et écrivain français d’origine lituanienne, de 1920 à 1925 occupait le poste de Chargé d’Affaires de Lituanie en France et en tant que diplomate se rendit plusieurs fois en Lituanie. L’objet de cet article est le récit d’un voyage de Milosz en Lituanie, au cours du mois d‘août de 1922, en compagnie de Maurice Prozor, comme lui d’origine lituanienne, et de sa fille. Ce voyage est raconté par Greta Prozor, témoin oculaire. Le but de l’article est d’analyser le récit en faisant attention à quelques points : 1. l’image de Lituanie, telle qu’elle surgit au cours de la narration,2. la figure de Milosz comme son protagoniste.
 Summary
 The article analyzes the story of Oskaras Milašius’s journey to Lithuania which took place in August 1922. Accompanied by her father Maurice Prozor, the author of the story Greta Prozor is also the one who traveled alongside the poet and witnessed his journey first hand. As the analysis draws on the theoretical grounding for travel writing, the article seeks to define and interpret both the image of Lithuania and the figure of the protagonist of the story Milašius. The analysis comes to the conclusion that the author of the story reflectively foregrounds the geographical, historical, social, and cultural history of the country unknown to her before. It also comes to the realization that the “otherness” of Lithuania and its inherent “exotics” lie within the union between the past and the present. It is the union between the past full of life and the present times that determines the distinctive singularity of Lithuania in Europe, which the travelers seem to know well.
 During the cause of the story, the figure of Milašius is defined through the literary character of Don Quixote, the poet’s alter ego. His nostalgia-driven attempt at the reunion with the family’s past is, in fact, impossible; it cannot be accomplished in present reality. The real reunion with the past most yearned for is possible only throughout the oral and written story.

This paper is a summary of the tradition of British travelers in Albania during the 19th century until the First World War. Referring to British history and British cultural traditions, these travelers are classified between two periods: from Georgian era to Edwardian era. British travelers began to visit Albania frequently, especially from the time of the rule of Ali Pasha Tepelena, through whose pasha’s territory traveled many British agents, missionaries, and adventurers, including the eminent poet Gordon Byron and his friend John C. Hobhouse, and Dr. Henry Holland. The first part of the paper deals with the main studies for travelogue literature, listing the authors and their studies according to the order and study approaches. As there are hundreds of books with travel notes from British travelers on Albania and Albanians, the second part of the article focuses only on some of the most famous British travelers, such as Edward Lear, Arthur Evans, Edith Durham, Henry N. Brailsford and Aubrey Herbert. The purpose of this paper is to make a chronological history of British travelers in Albania and historical literature on this literature genre of British travelers who traveled and describes Albania of late modernity.

Victorian travel has always been about the politics of leaving home. And in a twentieth-century critical universe shaped by some of the fundamental questions about the making of “home” and “away” and the invention of “self” and “other,” the field of Victorian travel has necessarily taken its place at the center of a critical discourse about the sometimes fabulous and often sordid details of the colonial encounter. The Western travelers of such encounters are intriguing figures if simply because, despite the multiple voyagers' mythologies that adhere to them, they do not escape the demands of the Victorian world at home or the intricate structures of power out of which this world is made. Rather, the English adventurers who ostensibly left England behind for the mangrove swamps and cannibal villages of Africa regularly reproduced in their travels some of the very same structures of power from which they were purportedly freed. In leaving home, the English traveler also quite literally rediscovered it.

Adaptive reuse maintains cultural sustainability by adapting heritage buildings for new functions while retaining their original structure. The al-Nabulsi’s traditional courtyard house in Irbid, northern Jordan, represents the city’s dominant residential heritage building typology from the 1920s. It has been adapted and reused to preserve cultural sustainability by providing a visitor experience pertinent to the local tangible and intangible cultural heritage. This article evaluates the effect of the house’s adaptive reuse into a cultural visitor center on the local community’s cultural sustainability between 2018 and 2023 through the user experience. Through a review of the literature on cultural sustainability and adaptive reuse and deploying mixed qualitative and quantitative methodology of field observation, statistical analysis, and critical reflections on interviews and Google Travel’s reviews of the building, the research presents the project phases, resolutions, and challenges, contextualizing them in the modern debate on tangible and intangible heritage. The article used the Quintuple Helix Model as an analytical framework to explain the interactions between societal systems that directly and indirectly affect the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The findings revealed that in 2018, the center’s conservation and adaptation relatively enhanced the local community’s cultural sustainability and feeling of its identity. However, in 2023, further actions are needed to enhance the visitor experience and spread awareness of its significance. Enrichments in government, education, and civil society systems have been moderate, and further improvements in economic and environmental systems are essential to meet the potential goals of the SDGs. No research to date has evaluated the cultural sustainability of the adaptive reuse of this significant house/center, providing insights into a notable example of the conditions surrounding adaptive reuse in Jordan and Arab Middle Eastern countries.