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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Transports ferroviaires – Environnement"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Transports ferroviaires – Environnement"
Poline, Marie. "Contribution aux méthodes de conception et de gestion des systèmes énergétiques multi-sources par optimisation systémique : application aux trains hybrides électrique autonomes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT099.
Texto completoIn France, there are two traction modes for railway: the diesel and electric traction. Each mode has its own issues. For diesel, the increasing control of the greenhouse gas emissions imposes to evolve this type of train to a less polluting solution. For electric traction, the energy consumption creates a voltage drop which can cause a traffic slowdown, which will limit the traffic development. The studied solution by SNCF is the hybridization of the train (adding storage system).Thus, these works have the objective to build a method to do the pre-sizing of storage systems embedded in trains. Moreover, to take into account the mutual influence of the sizing and the energy management, this last one is included in the sizing model. An optimization algorithm solves the global model.The method has been developed for the two traction modes (diesel and electric) and the optimization has been made with SQP algorithm (Sequential Quadratic Programming)
Hamdar, Marian. "Conception et optimisation d'un système indirect efficace de climatisation ferroviaire". Paris, ENMP, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENMP1693.
Texto completoMaigrot, Philéas. "Compréhension des mécanismes perceptifs associés à la gêne due aux bruit et vibrations du trafic ferroviaire en zone urbaine". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI051.
Texto completoVibrations due to railway traffic propagate from the tracks to inside neighbour houses. Residents who are exposed to vibrations are also exposed to railway noise. This combined exposure to noise and vibration leads to annoyance, as well as to some health issues. Few studies have been conducted to investigate this combined exposure in terms of annoyance. The goal of the thesis is to improve the knowledge concerning the perceptual phenomena involved when both railway noise and railway vibration occur at the same time. Experiments are carried out in controlled conditions for that purpose, using acoustic and vibratory recordings obtained in the vicinity of a railway track, inside a dwelling. A first study was conducted in order to test the validity of an experimental procedure allowing to collect annoyance responses in laboratory conditions. For several combinations of noise and vibration at different noise and vibration levels, annoyance responses were collected: 1) partial annoyance due to noise, 2) partial annoyance due to vibration and 3) total annoyance due to combined noise and vibration. Results of this first study led to a common procedure used for the rest of the experiments carried out during this thesis work. Studies about annoyance due to combined railway noise and vibration often use indices which only describe an amount of energy for each single exposure. Results can be contradictory. A second study was conducted in the laboratory in order to evaluate the influence of (noise and vibration) intensity on annoyance and to determine the reason of the contradictory results observed in the literature. The initial hypotheses made in the current work were that those could be due to the different ranges of variation of noise and vibratory levels, or to the different spectral contents of the stimuli used in the studies of interest. In the literature, there is a reported need of further investigations about the influence of parameters not related to vibration level (\textit{e.g.} frequency content, modulation) on railway vibration annoyance. During this thesis, work was done in the aim of a better understanding of the role of vibratory spectral content in specific annoyance due to vibration in the absence of noise. An experiment was conducted using artificial vibration stimuli based on the railway vibration recording spectra. The importance of parameters other than overall noise or vibration levels on variations of the annoyance due to combined railway noise and vibration was investigated during a last study. The stimuli were based on 19 noise and vibration recordings obtained inside a dwelling, after having reduced their duration to 10s and with controlled variations of noise and vibration levels. The results showed that the relative importance of temporal and spectral parameters of the combined exposure to noise and vibration was low as compared to that of energetic parameters
Hamiche, M'Hamed. "Chemin de fer, aménagement de l'espace et développement économique au Maroc". Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR1501.
Texto completoOllivro, Jean. "Essai de modélisation d'une implantation ferroviaire : l'exemple du TGV Méditerranée". Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20013.
Texto completoThe limits of this model, according to a hypothetico-deductive process. The "axio-lateral" model proposed here decomposes in three parts. The first one is theoretical, seeing that the reality of a geographical settling of the railway line can finally be determined by an interaction combining l lengthwise, representing all the links brought by the line ; and n considered in a lateral way as all the harmful effects caused by this line. Then this interaction is developped on a mathematical ground. It reveals the multi-scalar contradiction of the impact of the settling following the observation scale which is the key element to understand the railway phenomenon. Finally, with a systematical approach, both notions of link and harmful effect have to be determined on a space-time ground before meeting in a concrete realization : the French TGV Mediterranee. During the application on the ground, the model seems to give results in three different fields. First, as far as the reality of the project is concerned, an established facts induces to insolate several "TGV Mediterranee", which present very different results for l n. Then the model enables to consider the multiplicity of the interpretations, seeing that the first tendency of the people involved in such settling is to see the plan according to their own interest, without considering the multiscalar reality of the railway, which implies difficult talks. The model appears then as a key element to understand this plan from a historical point of view, and to explain how the number of opponents can vary according to the different interpretations, as it can be proved by the diffusion's model of gould, and the "axio-lateral" model. In such conditions, the model gives different answers to try and reduce useless conflicts. Therefore, even if it is impossible to choose the ideal laying out, and difficult
Yang, Keun-Yul. "La restructuration des chemins de fer en Europe occidentale : les conséquences de la libéralisation des chemins de fer sur l'entreprise ferroviaire et les rôles de l'Etat dans le transport ferroviaire". Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529485.
Texto completoPoline, Marie. "Contribution aux méthodes de conception et de gestion des systèmes énergétiques multi-sources par optimisation systémique : application aux trains hybrides électrique autonomes". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAT099/document.
Texto completoIn France, there are two traction modes for railway: the diesel and electric traction. Each mode has its own issues. For diesel, the increasing control of the greenhouse gas emissions imposes to evolve this type of train to a less polluting solution. For electric traction, the energy consumption creates a voltage drop which can cause a traffic slowdown, which will limit the traffic development. The studied solution by SNCF is the hybridization of the train (adding storage system).Thus, these works have the objective to build a method to do the pre-sizing of storage systems embedded in trains. Moreover, to take into account the mutual influence of the sizing and the energy management, this last one is included in the sizing model. An optimization algorithm solves the global model.The method has been developed for the two traction modes (diesel and electric) and the optimization has been made with SQP algorithm (Sequential Quadratic Programming)
Desrochers, Rachel. "Le transport ferroviaire canadien et ses pratiques environnementales". Thèse, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/7953.
Texto completoBen, Slimen Mohamed Nedim. "Recherche de procédures de caractérisation de l'environnement électromagnétique ferroviaire adaptées au contexte des systèmes de communications embarqués". Phd thesis, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00544960.
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