Literatura académica sobre el tema "Transports aériens – Tarifs – Prévision"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Transports aériens – Tarifs – Prévision"
Candela, Rosa. "Robust and scalable probabilistic machine learning methods with applications to the airline industry". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS078.
Texto completoIn the airline industry, price prediction plays a significant role both for customers and travel companies. The former are interested in knowing the price evolution to get the cheapest ticket, the latter want to offer attractive tour packages and maximize their revenue margin. In this work we introduce some practical approaches to help travelers in dealing with uncertainty in ticket price evolution and we propose a data-driven framework to monitor time-series forecasting models' performance. Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) represents the workhorse optimization method in the field of machine learning and this is true also for distributed systems, which in last years are increasingly used for complex models trained on massive datasets. In asynchronous systems workers can use stale versions of the parameters, which slows SGD convergence. In this thesis we fill the gap in the literature and study sparsification methods in asynchronous settings. We provide a concise convergence rate analysis when the joint effects of sparsification and asynchrony are taken into account, and show that sparsified SGD converges at the same rate of standard SGD. Recently, SGD has played an important role also as a way to perform approximate Bayesian Inference. Stochastic gradient MCMC algorithms use indeed SGD with constant learning rate to obtain samples from the posterior distribution. Despite some promising results restricted to simple models, most of the existing works fall short in easily dealing with the complexity of the loss landscape of deep models. In this thesis we introduce a practical approach to posterior sampling, which requires weaker assumptions than existing algorithms
Pompidou, Catherine. "Les tarifs aériens de passagers sur vols réguliers en Europe : plus particulièrement étude de la politique de la France et du RoyaumeUni en la matière". Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA02Z124.
Texto completoAghoub, Ould Mohamed Ali El. "Les problèmes posés en Afrique par la fixation des tarifs aériens". Aix-Marseille 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987AIX32037.
Texto completoDuchemin, Pascale. "Modèles dynamiques et prévisions de la demande de transport aérien". Toulouse 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU10060.
Texto completoIn this thesis, we analyse the demand for airline traffic in order to obtain forecasting middle-term models of French domestic and international traffic. One interesting feature of these models is in their ability to be interpreted in terms of structural economic behavior. The first chapter exposes and characterizes air demand and supply. The different factors influencing demand are defined in chapter 2. The aggregated models used to analyze air transportation demand of AR-type log-linear non-stationary dynamic models conditional to a set of exogenous variables (see chapter 3). Estimation results allow us to identify the main determinants of transportation demand (see chapter 4). The relevance of the results is tested for the year 2002, which are found very close to the observed data (see chapter 5). Finally the last chapter focuses on the consequences of 09-11-2001 terrorist attacks on both French domestic and international traffic
Hilali, Cherifa Haya. "Modèles de prévision du trafic aérien "passagers" : exemples d'application : la France et le Maroc". Paris 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA020011.
Texto completoIn an attempt to rationalize their operations in order to improve their investments, airline companies increasingly use econometric methods and or models. These tools have been developed especially for passenger traffic which remains, despite grouth in freight traffic, the main part of their operations. The essential role palyed by forecasting in modern management has led us to be particularty interested in this tool for aviation decision matiers. This research has led to comprehend the hinge between econometric technics and the complexity of "the aviation world". Because of this fact we have explored these two fields endeavoring to go beyond their complexities. A descriptive analysis of the principle methodological problems encountered throughout a traffic forecast has allowed us to point out the different orientations that should be taken into account with priority. Our goal was to provide an alternative to the method already in use in morocco in order to propose a detailed econometric model which would be used within the framework of the real life of this country. From our research, we managed to come up with basis results which can be used for domestic moroccan air traffic forecasts, notably for better control of investments of the orientation of the commercial policies of this type of transportation. Regressions concerning france as well as morocco, permitted the. .
Cambau, Denise. "L'impact des politiques à bas tarifs sur les structures actuelles et les perspectives du transport aérien en Europe". Aix-Marseille 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986AIX32005.
Texto completoBenso, Gérard. "Les transports maritimes et aériens de la Corse : la continuité territoriale". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3076/document.
Texto completoCorsica is the northernmost of the big western Mediterranean islands, as well as the smallest (3680 km2) and the less populated (330 000 inhabitants). Even if Corsica is nearer from Italian coasts than French ones, it takes part fully of French mainland where a significant diaspora lives and creates tight trades.Since Antiquity, Corsica had business relations with the mainland. It started with Italian peninsula, and went on with mainland France after its annexation in 1768.Two main technological revolutions promoted a huge increase in the trade relations: the emergence of steamboats in 1830 followed by the plane in the 20th century.Technological improvements are still continuing to reduce time of flights and sea crossings, increasing thus transport capacity.Territorial collectivity of Corsica is in charge of transports and delegates public services to the airlines and shipping companies. While French state progressively withdraws, European Union is more and more involved to impose free market.Even if infrastructures evolved with the fleet changings, they are still determined by the compartmentalized relief of the island which led to the construction of seven ports and four airports in order to serve better the different territories.Goods’ traffic is of modest size and unbalanced (entries rather higher than exits), whereas passengers’ one has increased tenfold in sixty years. For this last one, an inequality of distribution along the year is observed (seasonal variations), as well as between ports and airports. Progressively the plane’s part gets closer to the boat’s one. Passengers are mainly tourists that remain less numerous than those of the competing islands.Fares have been reduced significantly for Corsican residents, but still remain high for the other passengers. This problem will have to be solved to improve territorial continuity
Toru, Tuba. "Essais empiriques sur l'organisation industrielle du transport aérien". Paris, EHESS, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013EHES0069.
Texto completoThis thesis examines three important issues in the air transport industry. The first chapter deals with the structural impacts and policy changes on the airline industry. A structural econometric model is used to analyse the extent to which the air traffic is affected by an increase in fuel prices and the proposal of the European Commission on the accession of air transport to the European Emission Trading Scheme (EU-ETS). An increase in energy costs implies an increase of air fares and a dec1ine in the levels of traffic. The EU-ETS could indeed significantly affect the level of aviation emissions while he should not radically change the competitiveness of European airlines. The second chapter analyzes the model of case of the airport in the framework of two-sided market. The airports of our database are not internalize externalities exist between the two parties. They use different price setting strategies for each side. We find the empirical evidence of profit maximization pricing for the passengers and the Ramsey prices for the airlines. The third chapter focuses on code sharing between airlines by a structural econometric model. The prices increase and the dec1ine in the consumer surplus after code sharing if it does not encourage the entry ofnew products. The parameter for the division of profits between partner airlines in a code-share agreement is estimated 91 percent mean that the operating carrier receives 91 percent of the profits of the sharing of the product code
Rémy, Samuel. "Prévision locale des faibles visibilités pour l'aéronautique". Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/839/.
Texto completoLow visibility conditions have a strong impact on airports' traffic. COBEL-ISBA is a 1D model used operationally to provide short-range forecasts of low visibility conditions. Initial condition play a crucial role in the quality of the forecasts. This PhD focused on a diagnosis and optimization of the assimilation scheme of COBEL-ISBA. The impact of the several kinds of observations on the quality of the initial conditions and forecasts was first assessed. Simulated observations were used, in order to cancel the effect of the model error, as well as real observations. The observations that have most impact on the quality of the forecast of fog events are the ones that estimate the initial thickness of the cloud layer and those of soil water content. The operationnal assimilation scheme uses error statistics for the background that are fixed in time and over the vertical. They were shown to have large variations over time and the vertical. These conclusions led to the implementation of an ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF), which is able to estimate background error statistics at each assimilation cycle. It gave good results with simulated observations, and also with real observations for forecast hours smaller than four hours. Several studies showed the potential of particle filter methods for data assimilation. A particle filter with a genetic selection was adapted to be used with COBEl-ISBA. This new assimilation scheme gave good results simulated observations. It also worked with relatively few particles
Lebre, Christophe. "Relier décision stratégique et prospective : enjeux, préconisations et méthodes. Le cas du transport aérien en Ile-de-France du point de vue de l’acteur décideur". Paris, CNAM, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CNAM0452.
Texto completoThis thesis is about the relationships between foresight and strategic decision in the domain airport development policies. It is conducted in professional context from a field research : it aims at proposing a frame and a methodology for airport long term choices. Its starting point is the lack of robustness of decisions for a possible third platform for the Parisian area since the beginning of 90’s. This paradoxal situation, if we consider the number of studies about this subject, is worrying because economical, social and environmental stakes lead by such a project are important. Our research work was based on a study of the stakes of long term airport development, a recapitulatory of tools for strategic decision making giving a special place for foresight and an analysis of foresight studies put in perspective of decisions made since 1990. We propose to come to the foresight basic principles back and, for strengthening the decision, to develop tools oriented to the notions of enterprise project and foresight engineery based on scenario methodology witch kept a reference
Libros sobre el tema "Transports aériens – Tarifs – Prévision"
Burghouwt, Guillaume. Airline Network Development in Europe and Its Implications for Airport Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
Buscar texto completoBurghouwt, Guillaume. Airline Network Development in Europe and Its Implications for Airport Planning. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
Buscar texto completoAirline eCommerce. Routledge, 2009.
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