Tesis sobre el tema "Transport réactif diffusif"
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Ndjaka, Ange. "THERMOPHYSICAL PROCESSES AND REACTIVE TRANSPORT MECHANISMS INDUCED BY CO2 INJECTION IN DEEP SALINE AQUIFERS". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Pau, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PAUU3003.
Texto completoCO2 storage in deep saline aquifers has been recognised as one of the most promising ways to mitigate atmospheric CO2 emissions and thus respond to the challenges of climate change. However, the injection of CO2 into the porous medium considerabely disturbs its thermodynamic equilibrium. The near-well injection zone is particularly impacted with a strong geochemical reactivity associated with intense heat exchanges. This has a major impact on injectivity of the reservoir and the integrity of the storage. In addition to these effects, there is the added complexity of the presence of two immiscible phases: brine (wetting fluid) and CO2 (non-wetting fluid). These effects lead to highly coupled Thermo-Hydro-Mechanical-Chemical (THMC) processes, whose interpretations have not yet been completed nor formally implemented into the numerical models.This thesis work, combining experimental measurements and numerical modelling, focuses on the study of the coupling between the thermal gradients and the diffusive reactive transport processes taking place in the deep saline aquifers, particularly in the near-well injection zone. We studied the exchanges between a cold anhydrous CO2 phase flowing in high permeability zones, and a hot salty aqueous phase trapped in the porosity of the rock. The strategy of the study starts with a simple approach in a free medium without CO2 flow, in order to study the reactivity of saline solutions of different chemical compositions, and to evaluate the impact of a thermal gradient on this reaction network.We have developed an experimental cell that allow to superimpose 2 to 3 layers of solution of different concentration and chemical composition. The analysis of the light scattered by the non-equilibrium fluctuations of concentration and temperature allows to obtain the diffusion coefficients of salts in water. Our results are in good agreement with literature values. Regarding the study of diffusive reactive transport, the analysis of the contrast of the images allowed us to highlight the fact that the precipitation of minerals, obtained by superimposing two aqueous layers of reactive, is accompanied by a convective instability that fades with time. Numerical modelling of the experimental results with PHREEQC using a heterogeneous multicomponent diffusion approach has allowed us to account for these convective instabilities. Different temperature gradients were applied to the reactive system, while keeping a mean temperature of 25 °C. The experimental observations and numerical interpretations swhow that the temperature gradient has no significant influence on the behaviour of the system. Subsequently, we numerically studied the desiccation process (evaporation of water) at the interface between a brine trapped in the rock porosity and the CO2 flowing in a draining pore structure, simulating the conditions of the Dogger aquifer of the Paris basin. A model coupling the evaporation of water in the CO2 stream and the heterogeneous multicomponent diffusion of salts predicts the appearance of a mineral assemblage at the evaporation front, mainly composed by halite and anhydrite. Modelling this phenomenon at the reservoir scale would requires taking into account the evaporation rate as a function of the CO2 injection rate and the change in porosity at the interface.This thesis work has made it possible to highlight several physicochemical, thermophysical and diffusive transport phenomena at phase interfaces. This opens up new perspectives for improving numerical approaches and large-scale modelling, in particular of near-well injection of CO2 and geological storage reservoirs, and supports future industrial developments and technologies for the ecological transition
Rabier, Cécile. "Transport multicomposant en milieu poreux : application à l'évolution d'un système carbonaté". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00110963.
Texto completoLa compréhension de ces phénomènes est appréhendée par une approche pluridisciplinaire qui relève à la fois de la géologie (1) et de la physique des milieux poreux (2).
1. Géologie - Différents stades de calcitisation sont investigués sur des coraux fossiles datés de l'Holocène et du Pléistocène échantillonnés sur les terrasses soulevées de Nouvelle-Calédonie, Vanuatu et Wallis et Futuna (Pacifique Sud-Ouest). Les produits de la diagenèse sont observés et caractérisés par différentes techniques d'analyses (Diffraction de Rayons X, microscopie optique, imagerie de cathodoluminescence, spectroscopie Raman, Microscopie Electronique à Balayage, microsonde électronique...) pour argumenter l'origine de la calcite néoformée et identifier les processus mis en jeu, notamment l'implication ou non d'une étape de transport.
2. Physique des milieux poreux - Les données expérimentales révèlent l'existence d'hétérogénéités structurales à l'échelle de la lame mince. Pour expliquer ces hétérogénéités, on développe, à l'échelle microscopique, un modèle de transport réactif multicomposant incluant les processus représentatifs de la diagenèse du corail (diffusion de type traceur, migration, adsorption/désorption, réactions cinétiques et /ou à l'équilibre). Des simulations numériques préliminaires 1D sont présentées et discutées pour évaluer l'importance relative des phénomènes intervenant dans la précipitation de la calcite. Ce type de simulations numériques peut servir de point de départ à une procédure de changement d'échelles, permettant d'intégrer des paramètres supplémentaires (notamment plusieurs échelles de descriptions...). Ceci est illustré à l'aide de la prise de moyenne volumique, dans le cas d'un échantillon 3D de Porites subissant un processus de transport réactif fortement idéalisé.
Amir, Laila. "Modèles couplés en milieux poreux : transport réactif et fractures". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373688.
Texto completoCe travail est divisé en trois parties : la première partie contient une analyse de différents schémas numériques pour la discrétisation des problèmes d'advection-diffusion, notamment par une technique de séparation d'opérateurs, ainsi que leur mise en oeuvre informatique, dans un code industriel.
La deuxième partie, qui est la contribution majeure de cette thèse, est consacrée à la modélisation et à l'implémentation d'une méthode de couplage globale pour le transport réactif. Le système couplé transport-chimie est décrit, après discrétisation en temps, par un système d'équations non linéaires. La taille du système sous-jacent, à savoir le nombre de points de grille multiplié par le nombre d'espèces chimiques, interdit la résolution du système linéaire par une méthode directe. Pour remédier à cette difficulté, nous utilisons une méthode de Newton-Krylov qui évite de former et de factoriser la matrice Jacobienne.
Dans la dernière partie, nous présentons un modèle d'écoulement dans un milieu fracturé tridimensionnel, basé sur une méthode de décomposition de domaine, et qui traite l'intersection des fractures. Nous démontrons l'existence et l'unicité de la solution, et nous validons le modèle par des tests numériques.
Dezellus, Olivier. "Contribution à l'étude des mécanismes de mouillage réactif". Grenoble INPG, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000INPG0033.
Texto completoIn this work we performed an experimental study of reactive wetting to understand the relation between the spreading of the liquid and the formation of a new phase at the liquid/solid interface. The model systems chosen for this study are composed by a carbon substrate (vitreous carbon or monocrystalline graphite) and a liquide alloy consisted of a non-reactive matrix (essentially Cu but also Ni, Ge and Sn) and a reactive solute (Si, Cr, B and Ti) forming a wettable carbide. This choice allows the two types of reactive spreading to be obtained, ie controlled by the chemical reaction or by the diffusion of the reactive solute. The spreading kinetics are studied using two specific methods (the "trasnfered" drop and the "dispensed" drop) which allow the processes of drop formation and of spreading to be separated. Surface control and characterization of the interfaces are performed using optical microscopy, high resolution optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersion spectroscopy and Auger spectroscopy. In the case of spreading kinetics controlled by the chemical reaction we show that in the general case wetting usually takes place in a single stage at decreasing spreading velocity, and that this velocity depends only on the instantaneous contact angle. We define this contact angle as an equilibrium contact angle which reflects continually the coverage of the liquid/solid interface by the reaction product at the triple line. Finally, we show that reaction kinetics and spreading kinetics are controlled by the dissolution of the substrate. In the case of spreading kinetics controlled by the diffusion of the reactive solute, we perfom a numerical modelling which takes into account the role of the diffusion and interfacial reaction behind the triple line, and also the role of the evaporation/condensation which occurs ahead of the triple line
Cadalen, Sébastien. "Transport d'un polluant dans des sables argileux : écoulement réactif en milieu poreux saturé ou non-saturé en eau". Toulouse, INPT, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPT050H.
Texto completoIn the context of nuclear risk control associated to nuclear waste storage, the french nuclear agency plays an increasing role in terms of research and development in the area of subsurface contamination. This study focuses on an homogeneous porous media constituted of Fontainebleau sand and clay grains (illite) presenting sorption capacities. The modeling of the complex geometry and physical phenomena at different scales enables us to describe the average transport at Darcy's scale. The two main axes developped are the impact of an heterogeneous sorption on transport phenomena and the dispersivity of an unsaturated porous media
Ramasomanana, Fanilo. "Modélisation du transport réactif dans les eaux souterraines : généralisation des méthodes ELLAM : (Eulerian-Lagrangian Localized Adjoint Method)". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737926.
Texto completoRamasomanana, Fanilo Heninkaja. "Modélisation du transport réactif dans les eaux souterraines : généralisation des méthodes ELLAM : (Eulerian-Lagrangian Localized Adjoint Method)". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAH001/document.
Texto completoThe fate of contaminants in soils is a major environmental challenge. In this work, we develop efficient and reliable numerical tools for simulation of water flow and distribution prediction of pollutants in variably saturated porous media. In the first part of this document, the mixed hybrid finite element method is presented for solving Richard’s equation. A mass lumping technique is proposed to avoid unphysical oscillations when sharp infiltration fronts are simulated. In the second part of this work, the Eulerian Lagrangian Localized Adjoint Method (ELLAM) is used for modeling reactive transport in highly heterogeneous domains. Solute transport is described mathematically by the advection-dispersion and results obtained with ELLAM are very encouraging. ELLAM allows (i)overcoming spatial and time discretizations constraints imposed by classical Eulerian method, (ii)conserving mass and (iii) treating general boundary conditions naturally in the formulation. Moreover, we introduce a new ELLAM scheme (C_ELLAM) which avoid unphysical oscillations and reduce the numerical dispersion generated by the standard formulation.In the last part of this document, the C_ELLAM scheme is used to characterize the macrodispersion of a nonreactive solute in heterogeneous domains. This study is based on Monte Carlo simulations andtherefore requires highly efficient simulators. Our results are compared with previous work using Random Walk Particle Method to solve the advection-dispersion equation
Estévez, Torres André. "Un microlaboratoire électrophorétique pour l'étude du couplage entre transport et cinétique chimique : application à la réaction d'hybridation d'oligonucléotides". Paris 6, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00153416v2.
Texto completoLalan, Philippines. "Influence d'une température de 70°C sur la géochimie, la microstructure et la diffusion aux interfaces béton/argile : expérimentations en laboratoire, in situ et modélisation". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM047/document.
Texto completoRadioactive wastes in future deep geological disposals will generate heat and locally increase temperature in the engineered barriers and host-rock. In the French design of disposal cells, temperature may reach 70°C in cementitious materials and at their contact with the clayey host-rock. The impact of temperature under such disposal conditions is still poorly known, especially regarding the geochemical and physical evolution at the interface between these two materials.Two experimental devices are designed. The first involves creating interfaces between OPC paste and argillite of Tournemire in diffusion cells. The evolution of solutions and materials are analysed over time. The second device involves creating OPC paste / argillite interfaces at 70°C under in situ conditions in the underground laboratory of Tournemire (France). This device, more representative of a deep disposal, is dismantled after one year. Prior to interface study, behaviour of the OPC paste after a temperature increase from 20 and 70°C was analysed and simulated. Reactive transport modelling supports the experimental results in order to better understand the physico-chemical evolutions at the interface.Neoformation of tobermorite (well-crystallised C-S-H), phillipsite (only in situ), C-A-S-H and calcite formed a layer at the interface. A kinetic of tobermorite precipitation is evaluated. Significant decalcification and carbonation were noticed in the cement paste. Total porosity decreases in the cement paste despite an opening of the macroporosity due to portlandite dissolution. Argillite seems to be weakly altered even if alkaline plume goes deeply through it. Porosity changes do not alter significantly diffusive properties at the studied time scale
Seigneur, Nicolas. "A coupled experimental, numerical and statistical homogenization approach towards an accurate feedback relationship between porosity and diffusive properties of model cementitious materials in the field of reactive transport modelling". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/237928/3/TDM.pdf.
Texto completoDoctorat en Sciences de l'ingénieur et technologie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Estévez-Torres, André. "Un microlaboratoire électrophorétique pour l'étudedu couplage entre transport et cinétique chimique :application à la réaction d'hybridation d'oligonucléotides". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00153416.
Texto completoavec la réaction chimique. Il est constitué d'une chambre d'analyse dans laquelle on peut
appliquer des champs électriques en deux dimensions pour obtenir des profils de concentration
stationnaires ou non-stationnaires. La simplicité spatiale du flux électrophorétique
utilisé permet d'appliquer systématiquement une analyse dans l'espace de Fourier. Ce traitement
fournit le coefficient de diffusion d'un analyte pur ainsi que la constante thermodynamique
et les constantes cinétiques d'un mélange réactif. Dans le but de développer des
techniques de séparation resposant sur la cinétique, nous avons étudié la réaction d'hybridation
entre deux brins d'ADN et constitué une banque d'oligonucléotides avec des
constantes cinétiques variées. Ces études nous ont mené à developper, en collaboration
avec le Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, une sonde oligonucléotidique fluorescente à
motif quadruplex permettant une discrimination cinétique lorsqu'elle s'hybride avec une
séquence parfaitement complémentaire ou mésappariée.
Graille, Benjamin. "Modélisation de mélanges gazeux réactifs ionisés dissipatifs". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007444.
Texto completotransport à partir d'un modèle de type Boltzmann par un développement de Enskog. Nous étudions alors les propriétés de symétrie apportées par l'entropie de ces équations couplées avec celles de Maxwell pour obtenir un théorème d'existence locale en temps d'une solution bornée et régulière pour le problème de Cauchy. Nous étudions ensuite un modèle de plasma ambipolaire en considérant la masse de l'électron comme un paramètre. Nous démontrons que la solution globale dépend continument de la masse de l'électron lorsque celle-ci s'annule. Nous calculons enfin des flammes ionisées planes et étirées d'un mélange hydrogène-air et obtenons des structures de flammes typiques avec un faible impact de l'ionisation.
Demmano, Gustave. "Réactions enzymatiques cycliques : études systématiques des modèles de transport-réaction transmembranaires d'électrons et de protons. Cycles amplificateurs multienzymatiques en solution". Rouen, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ROUES027.
Texto completoFaurel, Michaël. "Conception et mise en place d'expériences de diffusion de l'eau et de solutés dans des milieux poreux modèles d'argiles gonflantes". Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2320/document.
Texto completoMost of existing data on diffusion of water and solutes were obtained either on extremely complex clayey rocks or on seemingly more simple samples prepared from sodium-saturated swelling clay minerals, namely smectites. Because these latter can exhibit in water-saturated conditions various organizations not yet fully understood (gel phase-floc-stable suspension), it is still difficult to constrain dual-porosity media modeling (pore or interlayer water) sometimes considered for interpreting results from diffusion experiments. A model system for swelling clay minerals, mimicking a true dual-porosity medium, was obtained by using three size fractions of a Na-vermiculite. These fractions do not exhibit gel-like behavior in water-saturated conditions but rather well defined particles, whose morphology and organization have been characterized. An experimental set-up was designed for the investigation of HDO and Br- diffusion in these size-fractions as a function of porosity. The main advantage of this set up is that it allows assessing for the organizational homogeneity of a sample prepared by sedimentation process through X-ray tomography measurements, an assumption considered for diffusion modeling. The obtained results showed that this new method for sample preparation leads to more homogeneous samples as compared to classical procedures. The first perspectives concerning the use of these dual-porosity model systems are drawn from the first diffusion results obtained, as the well-controlled geometrical characteristics of these model systems successfully help in balancing the contribution of the different potential transport processes
Perruchot-Triboulet, Sophie. "Validation et extensions du module d'autoprotection du code de transport neutronique multigroupe APOLLO 2". Aix-Marseille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX11047.
Texto completoLemarchand, Eric. "Contribution de la Micromécanique à l'étude des phénomènes de transport et de couplage poromécanique dans les milieux poreux: Application aux phénomènes de gonflement des géomatériaux". Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2001. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001487.
Texto completoAyyadi, Asma El. "Couplage des modèles classique-quantique. Simulation de la diode à effet tunnel". Toulouse, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAT0026.
Texto completoThe principal objective of this work of thesis is to deal with the problem of coupling macroscopic fluid models (namely the Drift-Diffusion model) with quantum models (namely the Schrödinger equation) for those semiconductor devices where quantum effects play an important role only in a (small) portion of the domain. The hybrid classic-quantum models derived here are then coupled self-consistently with Poisson equation on the whole domain. The starting point for deducing the interface conditions is the kinetic-quantum coupling studied by Ben Abdallah ('98). The interface conditions are obtained with a diffusion limiting process. Second order interface conditions incorporating kinetic boundary layer corrections are derived. Two analytical formulae for the extrapolation coefficient appearing in the second order interface conditions, are proposed : the first one is based on the approximation of the albedo operator and the second one is an iteration procedure first introduced by Golse-Klar ('95). Resonant tunnelling diodes are simulated for two test cases of the results of the literature and the model shows good performance. Chapter 3 contains the extension of the results of the previous chapter to the case of Fermi-Dirac statistics and it follows the same structure. In the chapter 4 collisions are included in the quantum model via the Pauli equation. Appropriate interface conditions are deduced. Chapter 5 deals with the time dependant case with Boltzmann statistics
Ouahid, Soumia. "Transport facilité du glucose à travers une membrane échangeuse d'anions avec l'ion borate comme transporteur". Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES029.
Texto completoMahfoudhi, Imed. "Problèmes inverses de sources dans des équations de transport à coefficients variables". Phd thesis, INSA de Rouen, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00975168.
Texto completoTorchut, Elisabeth. "Etude électrochimique de la fonctionnalité de l'ubiquinone et d'une oxydoréductase membranaire dans une structure lipidique artificielle". Compiègne, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993COMPD617.
Texto completoBodin, Jacques. "Transport de solutés dans des réseaux de fractures discrets : nouvelle approche Lagrangienne dans le domaine des temps". Paris 6, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA066394.
Texto completoBachaud, Pierre. "Stockage du CO₂ dans les aquifères profonds : Etude en conditions réelles des propriétés de confinement des roches de couverture et de leur altération". Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPL084N/document.
Texto completoA promising solution to reduce anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse effect gases consists in the injection and long-term storage of a part of the industrial carbon dioxide discharges in underground formations. These formations must be composed of a reservoir surrounded by tight caprocks, which represent the first barrier preventing fluids migration. The characterization of their confining properties and of their evolution in presence of CO2 is thus a key element regarding a storage site security. This work presents a methodology allowing the measurement of caprocks transport parameters and the consequences of an alteration under representative conditions of deep aquifers storage. This methodology was applied to carbonate rocks from the Paris basin. The breakthrough pressure, the diffusion coefficient of CO2 dissolution products, and the permeability, controlling parameters of leakage mechanisms, were measured before and after alteration of the materials by reaction with a CO2-saturated brine under reservoir thermodynamic conditions (about 80°C and 100 bar). Results revealed a satisfactory global behaviour under these aggressive conditions, but also a strong diminution of the confinement potential in presence of initial structural faults (sealed fractures, large-diameter pores…) forming higher-permeability zones. A numeric simulation describing the evolution of a homogeneous rock formation during 1000 years was also realized based on parameters directly measured or obtained by modelling of the alteration experiments. It showed that the transformations brought by the CO2 storage under a rock formation with no initial faults remain very localized spatially
Lalan, Philippines. "Influence d'une température de 70°C sur la géochimie, la microstructure et la diffusion aux interfaces béton/argile : expérimentations en laboratoire, in situ et modélisation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM047.
Texto completoRadioactive wastes in future deep geological disposals will generate heat and locally increase temperature in the engineered barriers and host-rock. In the French design of disposal cells, temperature may reach 70°C in cementitious materials and at their contact with the clayey host-rock. The impact of temperature under such disposal conditions is still poorly known, especially regarding the geochemical and physical evolution at the interface between these two materials.Two experimental devices are designed. The first involves creating interfaces between OPC paste and argillite of Tournemire in diffusion cells. The evolution of solutions and materials are analysed over time. The second device involves creating OPC paste / argillite interfaces at 70°C under in situ conditions in the underground laboratory of Tournemire (France). This device, more representative of a deep disposal, is dismantled after one year. Prior to interface study, behaviour of the OPC paste after a temperature increase from 20 and 70°C was analysed and simulated. Reactive transport modelling supports the experimental results in order to better understand the physico-chemical evolutions at the interface.Neoformation of tobermorite (well-crystallised C-S-H), phillipsite (only in situ), C-A-S-H and calcite formed a layer at the interface. A kinetic of tobermorite precipitation is evaluated. Significant decalcification and carbonation were noticed in the cement paste. Total porosity decreases in the cement paste despite an opening of the macroporosity due to portlandite dissolution. Argillite seems to be weakly altered even if alkaline plume goes deeply through it. Porosity changes do not alter significantly diffusive properties at the studied time scale
Zurek, Antoine. "Problèmes à interface mobile pour la dégradation de matériaux et la croissance de biofilms : analyse numérique et modélisation". Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I044/document.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the numerical and mathematical study of models with free boundaries coming from physics and biology. In the first part, we consider a model which describes the carbonnation phenomena in reinforced concrete. The model involves a system of 1D-parabolic equation of reaction diffusion type defined on a domain with a moving boundary. The motion of this interface is governed by an ordinary differential equation and it increases asymptotically as a square root of t for large times. We first introduce a Finite Volume numerical scheme for the model with implicit/explicit time discretization and we prove its convergence. Next, we build a fully implicit scheme for which we are able to establish the behavior in square root of t of the interface in this discrete setting. In a second part, we study a cross-diffusion system modeling the expansion of some biofilms. We introduce a numerical scheme of Finite Volumes type which preserves the gradient flow structure of the model. We establish the existence of solutions to the scheme and its convergence towards a solution to the original model. Eventually, we consider a toy model derived from a more complete model called DPCM (Diffusion-Poisson-Coupled-Model). The later describes the corrosion of (nuclear waste) containers made of iron and stored in clay soil. Again the model involves a free boundary whose position is part of the unknowns. Using tools from Optimal Transport Theory and Calculus of Variations, we establish the existence of a solution to the model. This is a first step towards the study of DPCM for which no such result is availiable
Laborde, Maxime. "Systèmes de particules en interaction, approche par flot de gradient dans l'espace de Wasserstein". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLED014/document.
Texto completoSince 1998 and the seminal work of Jordan, Kinderlehrer and Otto, it is well known that a large class of parabolic equations can be seen as gradient flows in the Wasserstein space. This thesis is devoted to extensions of this theory to equations and systems which do not have exactly a gradient flow structure. We study different kind of couplings. First, we treat the case of nonlocal interactions in the drift. Then, we study cross diffusion systems which model congestion for several species. We are also interested in reaction-diffusion systems as diffusive prey-predator systems or tumor growth models. Finally, we introduce a new class of systems where the interaction is given by a multi-marginal transport problem. In many cases, we give numerical simulations to illustrate our theorical results
Brenner, Konstantin. "Méthodes de volumes finis sur maillages quelconques pour des systèmes d'évolution non linéaires". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00647336.
Texto completoGallego, Samy. "Modélisation Mathématique et Simulation Numérique de Systèmes Fluides Quantiques". Phd thesis, Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse III, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00218256.
Texto completoNous avons donc commencé dans le chapitre I par proposer une discrétisation du plus simple de ces modèles qu'est le modèle de Dérive-Diffusion Quantique sur un domaine fermé. Puis nous avons décidé dans le chapitre II et III d'appliquer ce modèle au transport d'électrons dans les semiconducteurs en choisissant comme dispositif ouvert la diode à effet tunnel résonnant. Ensuite nous nous sommes intéressés au chapitre IV à l'étude et l'implémentation du modèle d'Euler Quantique Isotherme, avant de s'attaquer aux modèles non isothermes dans le chapitre V avec l'étude des modèles d'Hydrodynamique Quantique et de Transport d'Énergie Quantique. Enfin, le chapitre VI s'intéresse à un problème un petit peu différent en proposant un schéma asymptotiquement stable dans la limite semi-classique pour l'équation de Schrödinger écrite dans sa formulation fluide: le système de Madelung.
Devys, Anne. "Modélisation, analyse mathématique et simulation numérique de problèmes issus de la biologie". Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10087/document.
Texto completoWe investigate four models coming from biological contexts. The first one concerns a model describing the growth of a population of tumors. This model leads to a McKendrick–Von Foerster equation : a conservation law with a non–local boundary condition. We prove the existence and unicity of a solution, then we study, using the general relative entropy, its asymptotic behavior. We provide numerical simulations using WENO scheme. The second part concerns the modelisation of the respiration. First we study the air flux in the bronchial tree using a mulstiscale model. The system present non–usual dissipative boundary conditions. The numerical scheme we use is based on a decomposition idea that reduce the system to the resolution of Stokes problems with standard Dirichlet–Neumann conditions. Then, we propose a model concerning the gas exchanges bringing to light the heterogeneity of the absorption of oxygen along the bronchial tree. The third part concerns the MAPK cascade in Xenopus oocytes. The modelisation leads to an equation of KPP type. A mathematical study shows the existence of travelling waves. Then we provide a detailed numerical study of the system. Finally, the last part, concerns the system of Patlak–Keller–Segel 1D after blow–up. The mathematical study provide a description of the system after blow–up, based on the notion of default meausure. Then we propose a numerical scheme, adopting the optimal transport viewpoint and allowing to simulate the system after blow–up
Vohralik, Martin. "Méthodes numériques pour des équations elliptiques et paraboliques non linéaires. Application à des problèmes d'écoulement en milieux poreux et fracturés". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00008451.
Texto completoFawaz, Farah. "Simulation multidimensionnelle d'un jet de plasma froid d'hélium pour des applications biomédicales". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOU30204.
Texto completoThe cold plasma jets can be generated in helium-air mixtures by circulating helium in a tube that opens to the ambient air and by feeding pulsed high voltage on annular electrodes glued around the tube. Experimental studies have shown that these plasma jets are in fact composed of a succession of ionization waves guided by the helium channel. These ionization waves generate charged or unloaded active species that can be applied to animal or plant cells or serve to activate a liquid medium. The applications are multiple and concern, for example, scarring, cancer treatment, decontamination, cellular activation or help with germination and plant growth. The aim of this thesis is to build, using the COMSOL commercial software, a 2D model of the gas mixture flow coupled to ionization wave dynamics to better understand the formation of the discharge and the physicochemical characteristics of the jet that flows from it. The simulation of these devices is however very complex because of (i) the dependence of the chemical kinetics and the transport phenomena of the charged species as a function of the composition of the helium-air mixture, (ii) the mutual influence of the flow on the discharges and discharges on the flow and (iii) the dynamics of the ionization waves which requires steps of evolution time of the order of the picosecond and a spatial mesh of a few micrometres. On the basis of a 0D model of chemical kinetics in helium-air mixtures including more than 1000 reactions and a little less than 100 species, a chemical analysis and reduction work was done to extract an optimum game representative of the chemical kinetics. This model takes into account both the initial concentration variations of the species in the mixtures and the modifications of the energy distribution functions of the electrons. In a second step, a 2D model was developed to simulate the formation and propagation of ionization waves in helium-air jets using COMSOL. The ionization waves being very dynamic and lasting only a few hundred nanoseconds, we considered that the flow remained static on this time scale. The evolution of the charged species is followed using the fluid model order 1 and the necessary basic data are calculated as a function of the reduced electric field E/N and the helium-air concentration by solving the Boltzmann equation. The simulations followed the formation and the propagation of a discharge in plasma jet devices consisting of a dielectric tube and two annular electrodes. The results clearly show the formation of an initial ionization wave concentrated around the axis of the tube, which then splits to form an annular discharge that propagates along the dielectric tube to its exit. A parametric study was carried out on the wave propagation at the outlet of the tube as a function of the flow velocity of the gas in the tube
Glade, Nicolas. "Auto-organisation des microtubules sous l'action de champs externes faibles. Comparaisons entre expériences et simulations numériques". Phd thesis, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005407.
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