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1
Sun, Boyang, and Ming Yue. "The translator's visibility: A stylistic perspective." Across Languages and Cultures 24, no. 1 (June 7, 2023): 52–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/084.2023.00149.
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AbstractNo agreement has yet been reached as to whether translators are visible or not in translation. To answer this question, we first chose Lin Yutang and James Legge as cases, supplemented their translations with their originals, and then applied Principal Component Analysis along with N-MFW metrics to the texts for their stylistic features. In our cases, we found that (1) for each translator, the styles of their originals and translations vary; (2) for both translators, the styles of their translations converge for the same source text; (3) the two translators preserve only part of their stylistic fingerprints in their translations, suggesting the existence of a powerful compensation mechanism. Our findings bring new insights into the translator's style, help settle the (in)visibility dispute, and illustrate effective metrics for developing translator identification tools.
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Ainur Rahma, Ismi Khairani, and Desi Susanti. "ANALISIS PENGGUNAAN DEEP TRANSLATOR ALAT UNTUK PENERJEMAHAN TEKS BAHASA ARAB." Jurnal Publikasi Manajemen Informatika 4, no. 1 (January 1, 2025): 88–97. https://doi.org/10.55606/jupumi.v4i1.3644.
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This research analyzes the use of Deep Translator in the translation of Arabic texts, focusing on the accuracy, contextual relevance and effectiveness of this tool compared to human translators. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, which involves analyzing the results of Deep Translator's translations of religious and academic texts and comparing them with manual translations. The data is also supported by a literature review that has relevance to the topic of this research. The results show that Deep Translator excels in its speed and ability to translate texts with simple structures, such as news or everyday texts. However, it faces significant limitations in understanding cultural context, idiomatic meanings, and nuances of complex texts, especially in religious texts such as Qur'anic verses and muthola'ah. Deep Translator produces literal translations that reflect less historical and cultural meaning than human translators. This shortcoming is also evident in muthola'ah texts, where Deep Translator's diction choices are less relevant for certain readers.
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Greenall, Annjo K. "Translators’ voices in Norwegian retranslations of Bob Dylan’s songs." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 27, no. 1 (February 9, 2015): 40–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.27.1.02gre.
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This paper tackles several questions relating to the issue of the translator’s voice in retranslation: how do others’ voices (including other (re)translations) interact with the translator’s voice in the production of a translation? How does the intersubjectively constituted voice of the translator manifest itself in paratexts, in the translated text and, in the case of singer-translators, in the translator’s physical, performing voice? The case discussed is that of Bob Dylan in (re)translation into Norwegian, and it is concluded that different singer-translators involve others in the process in various ways and to varying degrees; that there are great subjective differences in how and to what extent they take other (re)translations of Dylan into account; and that they choose different strategies for displaying their voices in paratexts, texts and performances, differences that can be explained by reference to the singer-translator’s role and status on the cultural scene.
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Laska, Igor. "THE CREATIVE COMPONENT OF THE CONCEPT TRANSLATION IN FRENCH TRADUCTOLOGY OF THE 17 TH CENTURY." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, no. 9(77) (January 30, 2020): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-204-207.
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The present article highlights the problem of translation as creativity in the writings of French translators of the 17th century. The analysis of the traductologic texts of the classicism era allowed to establish two directions in conceptualization of the creative aspect of the translator’s work. Translators who grouped around the newly formed French Academy, in particular Perrot d’Ablancourt and supporters of translations of the genre les belles infidèles, equate the work of the translator with the work of the author and see his task in giving a new real creation of the receiving literature. However, due to the uncertainty of the limits of creative freedom of the translator, their translation practice rather compromised the very idea of creativity in translation. The second and more moderate direction, represented by translators from Port-Royal, is also oriented to the receiving language and culture. The translator is also considered a full-fledged author and must create a real work, but his freedom is limited by the text of the original, differences in language and culture, the rules of translation. The problems of translation creativity, which was discussed in the traduсtological texts of classicism, includes: role of translator and author, their rivalry, choice between literal and free translation, restriction of translator’s freedom, etc.
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Suokas, Juho. "Alaviitteet Cthulhun kunniaksi!" Mikael: Kääntämisen ja tulkkauksen tutkimuksen aikakauslehti 16 (April 1, 2023): 90–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.61200/mikael.129202.
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Translators are often most visible when they deviate from the norms and expectations of the receiving culture. In this article, I examine how the most recent Finnish translations of H. P. Lovecraft make the translator visible both on a textual and paratextual level, especially via translator’s notes and prefaces, by challenging the expectations and norms of contemporary Finnish literary translations. This article uses the most recent Finnish Lovecraft translations from 2021 and 2022 as a case study of the translator’s visibility. The translation deviates from common expectations of Finnish literary translations and may be seen as more in line with practices and norms of fan translation.
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Djovčoš, Martin. "Translators and Social Context: The Case Study of Slovakia." Meta 59, no. 2 (November 21, 2014): 330–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1027479ar.
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This paper investigates the position of translators in Slovak society. It seeks an answer to the question who translates what, how and under which circumstances. To do so, it uses quantitative and qualitative methods of research. The quantitative analysis was performed with a questionnaire and data correlation analysis, whose results were then further tested via a qualitative analysis of 30 translations translated by 10 different translators (3 text types per each translator).1 The findings are juxtaposed with the ideas of Slovak and international translation scholars. The paper deals with translation as communication, the translation process, translator’s competences, the means by which these competences are acquired (formal education or practical experience) and how these factors influence the quality of translators’ output. This research paper presents results gained in the quantitative analysis.
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Cho, Sang-Eun. "Translator’s Creativity found in the Process of Japanese-Korean Translation*." Meta 51, no. 2 (August 14, 2006): 378–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013263ar.
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Abstract It has been commonly understood (in Korea) that Japanese and Korean’s linguistic similarities make Japanese-Korean translation easier than translations from other languages into Korean. However, this does not concur with the fact that Japanese-Korean translations are not better compared to other language combinations from the readers’ point of view. This might be due to the problem of translationese caused by language interference, but the present research zooms in on translator’s ‘creativity’ and observes the effects of translator’s creativity on translation quality. The method of research involves analyzing transcriptions gathered through Think Aloud Protocol (TAP) from thirteen professional translators for the purpose of evaluating the strategies used by the translators and examining the occurrence of shift. The research confirms that Japanese-Korean translator creativity is restricted, and such result demonstrates the need for scholars and educators in translation education to recognize and appreciate the concept of creativity and to devise new educational approaches for nurturing creativity.
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Wang, Yunxiao. "Exploring Translator Style Using Word Alignments." International Journal of Languages, Literature and Linguistics 10, no. 2 (2024): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.18178/ijlll.2024.10.2.500.
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How the source text is rendered in the target language reflects a translator’s linguistics choices, which is informative of the translator’s style. Leveraging computational techniques, the present research seeks to explore translator style through word alignments derived from an entire corpus. The text material is two Chinese translations of Virginia Woolf’s novel, Jacob’s Room, by translators Pu Long and Wang Jiaxiang. Using a Transformer-based model, alignments are automatically extracted from parallel texts. A Support Vector Machine classifier is trained to test whether the alignments are indicative of the translators’ styles. Chi-square feature selection is then performed to identify the most distinguishing alignments for closer examination. Results indicate that Wang favours more explicit and literal translations, while Pu utilizes more concise, diverse, and idiomatic expressions. In addition, Wang’s translation is closer to the original, while Pu’s is more distant. This method enables us to provide a wide range of qualitative and quantitative evidence, and also observe differences not readily apparent when examining the target text alone.
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Songwo, Yang. "A Study of Linguistic Gender Differences in English-Chinese Translation—A Case Study of The Chinese Version of The Little Prince by Lin Zhenni and Li Jihong." English Language Teaching and Linguistics Studies 5, no. 5 (November 25, 2023): p62. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/eltls.v5n5p62.
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Gender difference in language expression is a linguistic phenomenon in which males and females differ in the use of language, also a perspective for research on translator’s subjectivity. The study of gender differences in language is beneficial to translation theory and translation practice. Based on gender differences in language, this paper takes the Chinese translation of The Little Prince as an example to make a comparative study. Since its publication, The Little Prince has been widely admired by readers. Up to now, there are more than 200 translations in the world, with numerous Chinese translations, which are operable and representative. This paper focuses on the Chinese translations by Lin Zhenni and Li Jihong, and makes a comparative analysis of the language differences between translations, and finds that the gender differences between male and female translators in English-Chinese translation are reflected in three aspects: The language expression of female translators is concise and specific, the language expression of female translators is delicate, and strong subjectivity of the translator in translation. Finally, it is pointed out that gender difference in language expression is affected by social development and psychological factors.
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Mossop, Brian. "The Missing Style Problem and the Translation of French Erotica into English." Meta 62, no. 2 (September 11, 2017): 333–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1041027ar.
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In most synonym sets, there is a neutral item that does not belong to any particular style (poor is neutral whereas impecunious and broke are not). In writings about sex, French has a neutral style but English does not. The English translations of two French autobiographies detailing the authors’ sex lives are presented and some of the translators’ strategies are discussed. These two cases are seen against the general background of style options available to translators. A translator’s approach to style can be theorized by comparison to the source text (use an equivalent style, use a different existing style, create a new style, use a default ‘translating style’) or by considering how the translator ‘voices’ the translation (use the voice of the source writer, the imagined future readers, the translator, or some other voice).
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Zhuge, Qingyue, and Zhurun Li. "Translator’s Subjectivity in the Chinese Translations of Gone with the Wind: A Comparative Analysis of the Translations by Fu Donghua, Chen Liangting and Zhu Youruo." Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 14 (May 30, 2023): 577–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v14i.8944.
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Gone with the Wind is an American novel, that has been popular since its publication. Its related translations and studies in China have been constantly emerging. However, most comparative studies have focused on a small number of Chinese translations and narrow research directions. This paper focuses on the perspective of the translator's subjectivity, in combination with specific historical and cultural contexts, conducting a comparative study of three representative Chinese translations by Fu Donghua, Chen Liangting, and Zhu Youruo. The paper analyzes the three translations from the aspects of creative treason and cultural translation theory. Through the analysis of the translator behavior of Chinese local translators, it is beneficial to demonstrate a more Chinese-characterized translator's subjectivity.
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Liu, Fung-Ming Christy. "Revisiting the Translator’s Visibility: Does Visibility Bring Rewards?" Meta 58, no. 1 (March 12, 2014): 25–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1023808ar.
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There has been a huge revival of interest in the role of translators and their visibility. Some Translation Studies scholars have mobilized French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s theorical concepts of field, habitus and capital to carry out empirical research studies in an attempt to understand how translators or interpreters perceive their roles and what kind of capital they pursue. This article presents part of the findings from a large empirical study in which quantitative and qualitative approaches are combined in an attempt to carry out a thorough investigation of translators’ visibility, understood as the capacity to communicate directly with clients and/or end-users. The present article reports on the quantitative analysis of the relationship between translator’s visibility and the amount of capital that they say they receive. The analysis is based on 193 Chinese translators in China, Hong Kong, Taiwan and Macao. The findings suggest that visibility is rewarding in terms of social exchanges and learning experience, but not in terms of pay and prestige. In addition, the analysis shows that some social variables including sex, level of education, region that the translator lives in, the translator’s major field of study and the time spent on translation are not related to visibility or capital received. Meanwhile, the appearance of the translator’s name on translations is significantly related to the capital received.
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McAuley, Thomas E. "Audience Attitude and Translation Reception." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 61, no. 2 (October 23, 2015): 219–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.61.2.04mac.
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This article proposes a skopos-based analysis of the English translations of the eleventh century Japanese literary work, Genji monogatari (“The Tale of Genji”) as a means of understanding the basis for the translations’ differing receptions among their target audiences. The translations, by Suematsu Kenchō, Arthur Waley, Edward Seidensticker and Royall Tyler, are widely spaced chronologically, being published between 1888–2001, and were each produced with differing audiences and aims, thus making them a useful corpus for this analysis. In addition, all of the translators have written, with varying degrees of explicitness, about their motivations and purposes in conducting their translations. First, through an analysis of the translators’ writings, introductions, and individual circumstances, the article will demonstrate how the skopos for each translation can be determined. Second, through an analysis and comparison of text excerpts, it will demonstrate how the skopos influenced the translation choices of the individual translators, with material being, for example, omitted, changed in psychological tone, or rendered more explicit, depending upon the individual translator’s overriding purpose in their work. Finally, through an analysis of the reviews of the various translations, it will consider the extent to which each translator was successful in achieving a positive and intended response to his translation in the target audience.
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Jun, Wang. "Translator’s Subjectivity in Eco-Translatology." Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 1, no. 3 (August 18, 2020): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v1i3.24.
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This paper aims to examine translator’s subjectivity from the perspective of eco translatology. Translator’s subjectivity emphasizes the subjective initiative of translators in the process of translation. However, the identity of translators is invisible in the viewpoints of traditional translation theories, which means that translation is studied with either writer or text as the center. Eco translatology, a new translation theory brought forth by Hu Gengshen, assumes that translators should be placed at the central position during translation practice since translation is actually the cyclical alternation of adaptation and selection in the ecological environment of translation which involves elements such as author, source text, translator, target text, reader, and publisher. According to eco translatology, translators, as the center of translation, are allowed to make selective adaptation and adaptive selection so as to keep the balance and harmony of the ecological environment. Selective adaptation means that translators are supposed to select the text of which they are capable for translation. Adaptive selection means that translators are allowed to make adaptations to the target text based on other factors in the ecological environment of translation. Translator’s subjectivity, namely translator centeredness, is shown in the continuous process of adaptation and selection, and embodied in the three dimensional transformations of language, culture and communication.
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Harrison, David. "Fidelity, Betrayal, and Desire: Translating La princesse de Clèves." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 138, no. 3 (May 2023): 584–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s003081292300041x.
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AbstractWhile it no longer seems possible to speak of an invisible narrator of La princesse de Clèves, the 1678 historical novel by Madame de Lafayette, the notion of an invisible translator defines the work of late-twentieth-century English translations of the novel. According to this view, the translator should remain unseen by the reader and therefore “faithful” to the original text, so as not to upset the interpretive possibilities that Lafayette offers. In fact, however, the translator's infidelity is both necessary and vital to interpreting eros in La princesse de Clèves. The novel itself makes infidelity a form of insight, and Lafayette's vocabulary forces English translators into situations where any choice can be simultaneously unfaithful and correct. Like the character of the princess, translators have conflicting fidelities that should be made visible to fully reveal the richness of the novel.
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Bánhegyi, Mátyás. "The Translator’s Ideology and the Reproduction of Superstructure." Working Papers in Language Pedagogy 3 (December 1, 2009): 28–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.61425/wplp.2009.03.28.56.
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This pilot study investigates whether the translator's ideology affects the reproduction of superstructure in translated argumentative newspaper articles. The superstructure of a Hungarian argumentative newspaper article and its two English translations created by two translators with opposing ideologies are compared with the help of Hoey’s (2001) Superstructure Model. Based on the case study presented, it seems that the translator’s ideology does not affect the reproduction of superstructure in target texts.
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Alvstad, Cecilia. "The translation pact." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 23, no. 3 (July 31, 2014): 270–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947014536505.
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In this article I argue that translated texts and translational paratexts invite readers to read translated texts as if they were the originals, a hitherto widely ignored premise of translations. Although translations are produced by many agents in collaboration (authors, publishers, copy-editors and translators), they are generally presented as texts produced predominantly by one agent, the author. I therefore claim that there is a ‘translation pact’ at work in translated literature, a rhetorical construction through which readers are invited to read translated texts as if they were the originals. A narratological implication of the pact is that individual readers who accept the pact will reconstruct only an ‘implied author’ and not an ‘implied translator’. This view differs from earlier works on the implied translator (e.g. Munday, 2008: 11; O’Sullivan, 2003; Schiavi, 1996). The translation pact is most often constructed implicitly, but sometimes translators draw attention to themselves and manifest their agency, for example by discussing translational decisions in prefaces and notes. Against what one would assume from previous claims on the translator’s ‘visibility’ (Venuti, 1995), I demonstrate that the translator’s presence does not necessarily work against the pact but can rather strengthen it. The translation pact explains why readers, including critics, literary scholars and other professional readers, often talk and write about translations as if they were originals composed solely by the author.
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Liu, Shiqing, and Bingwen Sun. "The Influence of Translators' Multiple Identities on the Image Construction of Translated Texts -- Taking Two Translations of Li Qingzhao's Poetry as an Example." Studies in English Language Teaching 13, no. 1 (January 2, 2025): p1. https://doi.org/10.22158/selt.v13n1p1.
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Based on “Translator's Multiple Identities Model” proposed by Zhao Qiurong and Sun Peizhen, translators have multiple social identities, which are divided into primary, secondary and final identities according to the hierarchy. This paper takes two translations of Li Qingzhao’s poetry as examples, one co-translated by American poet Kenneth Rexroth and Chinese scholar Chung Ling, another translated by Manfield Zhu’s translation, to explore how the translator's primary, secondary, and final identities influence translator's behavior and images of translated works, in order to provide new ideas for the research of translator's identity. It is found that the images portrayed by the in-coming translator, Rexroth, have more cultural characteristics of the target language, while the images portrayed by the out-going translator, Manfield Zhu, retain more Chinese cultural characteristics.
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Afrouz, Mahmoud. "Exploring normal vs. service translators’ orientation in rendering realia in The Holy Qur’an." FORUM / Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation 22, no. 1 (April 25, 2024): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/forum.00033.afr.
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Abstract Realia has always been thought of as a great challenge for translators. The native language and cultural background of a translator can be a factor potentially affecting the selection of equivalents and translation procedures. This paper aims to explore whether being a normal or a service translator would have any effect on adopting source- or target-oriented translation procedures. ‘Service translators’ are those who translate into a foreign language, while ‘normal translators’ are those who translate into their mother language. In other words, normal translators should be target-language native translators. The corpus includes the realia extracted from The Holy Qur’an and its four English translations by two service translators (Abdel-Haleem 2005 and Starkovsky 2005) and two normal translators (Arberry 1955 and Abu Nasr 1985). The data were analyzed on the basis of Liang’s (2016) model. Findings revealed that the normal translators showed a slightly greater tendency (1%) towards source-oriented procedures than the service translators. On the other hand, target-oriented procedures adopted by the service translators exceeded those of the normal translators by 0.50%.
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Organ, Michał. "CATing the Way: Polish Translators and Computer-Assisted Translation Tools." Studia Anglica Resoviensia 20 (December 29, 2023): 109–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/sar.2023.20.6.
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This paper aims to establish a profile of Polish translators who apply CAT tools in their professional practice. The investigation identifies six primary categories, shedding light on the translators themselves, their experience, and interactions with specialised software. The first category delves into demographic data, analysing age groups and gender distribution among the users. The second category focuses on basic data encompassing the translators' experience with programs and their preferred foreign languages. The paper also explores the link between higher education and CAT tool proficiency, examining fields of study, educational institutions, specialised training, and opinions on the integration of this technology into academic curricula. In order to assess the non-academic aspects of learning and applying such software, it investigates the translators' engagement in training courses, certifications, and sources of qualifications improvement. Various methods for acquiring skills in CAT tools are also explored, such as online webinars and practical translation practice.The results reveal that the translators are rather experienced users of the software, they rely heavily on such programs, employing them in various types of translations, mostly non-literary texts. Translators perceive them positively, acknowledging their contribution to accelerating work processes and improving competitiveness in the translation market. The use of CAT tools is expected to increase, emphasising the need to incorporate these tools into translator training programs and adapt study plans to accommodate their further popularisation. The data was collected through an anonymous survey and provides insights into the preferences, habits, and perspectives of Polish translators using CAT tools. This paper serves as a foundation for further research and comparison with other translator groups, contributing to a more comprehensive understanding of the translator's profession in the context of translation technology utilisation.
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Ghasdian, Naghmeh, and Ahmad Sedighi. "Translation of English Causative Verbs into Persian: A Comparative Study of Professional Translators and Translation Trainees." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 6 (June 7, 2016): 1266. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0606.17.
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According to books of grammar, a causative form is an expression of an agent causing or forcing a person to perform an action. Translation of English causatives into Persian seems to be one of the biggest problems that Translation students and novice translators usually come across. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the translation strategies applied by the professional translator and translation trainees while translating English causatives into Persian. In this descriptive corpus-based study, the present researcher examined sixty causative constructions of novel Lord of The Flies by Gerald (1991) and their Persian translation by Mansouri (2003). In addition, twenty causative constructions from the novel were given to the twenty Translation students in order to analyze their Persian translations of causative constructions. Based on the finding, the professional translator has used Non-causative and Positive Implication strategies most frequently, whereas the students have used Auxiliary and Noncausative strategies most frequently. It can be concluded that there is a strategy behind every choice, and a reason behind every strategy, and translators should try their best to transfer all the components of a causative verb as well as possible, because each word or verb has its own value. The translator's mastery over the causative construction in the language pair explores throughout this study reminds us of a point of paramount significance. The main implication of this research may make the translators, at any level, better understand the English causative sentences and avoid producing translations that hinder communication between the translator and the readers.
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Guzmán, María Constanza. "Translation North and South: Composing the Translator’s Archive." TTR 26, no. 2 (July 25, 2016): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1037136ar.
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One of Daniel Simeoni’s major contributions to translation thinking is his investigation of the translator as an agent of cultural production. This approach to the translator, in Simeoni’s view, originates in a strong sense of social and geopolitical situatedness. Based on this perspective and drawing on Simeoni’s arguments and in particular on his call to develop translators’ “sociographies,” in this paper I posit the notion of the “translator’s archive” as an epistemological and methodological possibility to study the translator and for a geneology of translation praxis. I investigate the significance of the “translator’s archive” in particular to understand the place of literary translators and their social situatedness and agency in the context of the Americas.
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Ruokonen, Minna, and Hilkka Pekkanen. "Syysseminaarin satoa." Mikael: Kääntämisen ja tulkkauksen tutkimuksen aikakauslehti 10 (April 1, 2017): 193–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.61200/mikael.129440.
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This article reports on the autumn seminar of the Teachers’ and Researchers’ Section of the Finnish Association of Translators and Interpreters, held in August 2016. The theme of the seminar was the relationship between translation theories, translator’s work and translation teaching, approached through three presentations and discussion. In this article, we first consider different meanings of ‘theory’. Next, Hilkka Pekkanen discusses to what extent translation theories fulfill the criteria of scientific theory and how translation theories can help experienced translators, arguing that although translators’ needs and job descriptions vary, theories can help expand one’s horizons and develop one’s professional identity. Moving on to translation teachers’ perspective, Minna Ruokonen reports on Marja Kivilehto’s research into how translation teachers do not necessarily employ explicit references to theories when commenting on translations. The lack of explicit theoretical references also shows in the Finnish Database for Teaching Methods in Translation and Interpreting, although the Database reflects a view of translation as goal-oriented action and of translators as professionals who reflect on their actions and cooperate with other actors. Finally, we cover the subsequent seminar discussion, which introduced examples of integrating theory into teaching and considered the role of theory in translator training.
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Neubert, Albrecht. "Computer-Aided Translation." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 3, no. 1 (January 1, 1991): 55–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.3.1.04neu.
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The paper addresses the problems involved in setting up a computer-aided expert system for human translators. It postulates four modules which function as an interactive reference guide in the framework of a translator's workstation: (1) a language component containing the syntactic and lexical correspondences between the SL- and TL-systems, (2) the >textual differential between the various types of SL- and TL-discourse, (3) the encyclopedic or knowledge base(s) underlying bi- or multilingual information transfer, and (4) a repertoire enabling the translator to word-process texts written in different languages.Emphasis is laid on the need for empirical research into the data culled from existing translations, parallel and background texts, diverse linguistic and encyclopedic as well as specialist reference works, and from practical experience of highly competent translators.
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Liu, Christy Fung-Ming. "Translators have Duties, but what are their Rights? The Case of Greater China." Hermēneus. Revista de traducción e interpretación, no. 22 (February 1, 2021): 243–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24197/her.22.2020.243-269.
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In recent years, there has been a growing interest in studying translators in the workplace, but the rights of translators are an uncharted area. The objectives of this paper are twofold. First, it studies translators’ perceptions of translator rights in the workplace. Second, it develops a translator rights model inventory that compiles practitioners’ viewpoints for studying and measuring translator rights. This paper presents findings from a questionnaire survey that collected both quantitative and qualitative data from 155 translation practitioners in Greater China (China, Hong Kong and Taiwan). The findings suggest that the translators attach the greatest importance to rights related to working conditions, followed by rights related to economic and social position, and finally those related to copyright issues. It was found that the translators are quite dissatisfied with the rights they have in the workplace, because what they wish to enjoy is much less than what they expect. In addition, a translator’s social variables, such as age, level of education, major field of study, and years of translation experience, are not related to the number of rights the person enjoys in the workplace. What was found to be related is sex and region in which the translator lives.
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Podlevskikh Carlström, Malin. "The (in)visibility of translation and translators in the Swedish publication of post-Soviet Russian literature." STRIDON: Studies in Translation and Interpreting 2, no. 2 (November 30, 2022): 45–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/stridon.2.2.45-74.
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In this article the (in)visibility of translation and translators in Sweden is studied, based on the analysis of a corpus of 82 post-Soviet Russian novels. The aim is to investigate how (if at all) the peritexts reveal the foreign nature of the text and the identity of the translator. The analysis shows that the translator is rather invisible in the external peritext, which is placed on the cover or dust jacket of the published translation, while the foreign (and consequently also the translated) nature of the novel is highlighted. The translator’s visibility inside Swedish translations of post-Soviet novels is usually signaled on the title page. Apart from this, the translator is invisible. A few translator’s comments and notes are included in the translation, but usually these are inconspicuous and not explicitly attributed to the translator. Moreover, they are written in an apologetic tone and do not seem to wish to disturb the reader.
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Aleksandrowicz, Paweł. "The impact of labor division on audiovisual translation consistency - a study of streaming TV series." XLinguae 15, no. 2 (April 2022): 17–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2022.15.02.02.
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The aim of the paper is to investigate the impact of labor division on translation consistency and quality in a streaming TV series by comparing Polish subtitles and voice-over. The study scrutinizes the translations of three series – Santa Clarita Diet, Orange Is the New Black and Insatiable – prepared using three labor division patterns: (1) translators change between seasons, (2) different translators prepare the subtitles and voice-over simultaneously, (3) several translators are assigned individual episodes of one season. The results are varied and depend on the division pattern. When translators change between seasons, there seems to be little to no difference in quality or consistency. When translators work simultaneously and independently on two modes, inconsistencies are likely to happen, and they could be detected if the audience switches between the modes when watching. Humour, register and vulgarity visibly vary between the translations, which can also potentially influence the reception of the translations. When different translators prepare individual episodes within the same mode, consistency suffers, and quality fluctuates. The results also reveal the beneficial effect of translator communication on consistency and quality.
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Abdi, Hamidreza. "The Importance of Higher Education in the Success of the Translator: The Case of Iranian Educated and Uneducated Translators." International Journal of Linguistics and Translation Studies 2, no. 3 (July 31, 2021): 23–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36892/ijlts.v2i3.161.
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The present study investigated the important role higher education plays in the success of the translator in his/her profession. To end this, the researcher prepared a translation test consisting of 12 short literary texts for data collection from both educated and uneducated translators who were equally divided into two groups. The 20 judges were invited to judge the level of communicative function of the translations made by both groups of translators on the basis of a five-point scale on a continuum from "Uncommunicative" to "Communicative" that was designed according to Nord’s (2018) functionalist approach. As the results indicated, the educated translators produced the highest communicative translations that put into Nord’s instrumental translation category. By contrast, the uneducated translators made the translations with the average level of communication that led their translation to be placed into documentary translation category. In conclusion, the educated translators, who held a master’s degree in Translation Studies, were more successful in producing communicative translations because of their profound knowledge of translation theories and mastery over translation strategies. This gives the indication of the utmost importance of higher education in the achievement of the translators in their career.
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Peng, Xinyang. "Construction of Gender in Two Chinese Translations of Little Women." BCP Social Sciences & Humanities 15 (March 13, 2022): 64–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54691/bcpssh.v15i.364.
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This paper aims to explore the influence of the translators’ sexual difference on their construction of gender identity in the two translations of Little Women written by Louisa May Alcott. The influence of the translators’ gender on the translations is a controversial topic. However, most of gender and translation studies have been done from a restricted feminist translation viewpoint. Based on Judith Butler’s gender performativity theory, this paper thus takes the two Chinese translations of Little Women as examples to explore the differences between the male and female translators and their gender constructions in the translations. This paper adopts a critical discourse analysis of the source text and the translations of the characterisation of the female characters and the gendered discourses in Little Women. Focus of this paper is on the translator’s paratextual elements as well. Since these approaches have rarely been applied in Chinese translation studies, this paper opens more discussion on the gender constructions of translators. It shows that the translators’ translation strategies reflect the association of gender with their own gender identity in the translations. However, further research is needed to expand the scope of the data size to include the analysis of multiple translations by different groups of translators of different genders, to explore the operational mechanisms of translation activities and the ways how translation render or even construct gender identities.
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Sztorc, Weronika. "The Translator in the Spotlight." Między Oryginałem a Przekładem 26, no. 47 (March 13, 2020): 17–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/moap.26.2020.47.01.
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It is often said that the translator ought to remain in the shadow of the author and limit themselves to enabling successful and undisturbed communication between author and reader. The translator is not allowed to add their own voice to a literary work. However, it turns out they actually do. The aim of the article is to examine unconventional footnotes where the translator overtly speaks with their own voice. First, a few examples of literary works making interesting use of footnotes are presented. The similarities among the translators’ footnotes are highlighted, with a special focus on the issue of the translator’s power. Then, particular categories of translators’ footnotes are discussed, wherein translators express their opinions, show their emotional involvement or share stories from their private lives. It turns out that the footnote becomes a unique channel of direct communication between the translator and the reader, sometimes even involving competition with the author. A question is asked as to what may possibly encourage translators to assert their presence in the text in this way.
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Wu, Yinran. "Exploring Translators’ Impact on Translated Narratives: A Model of Re-Focalization." MANUSYA 20, no. 3 (2017): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-02003002.
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The paper sets out to propose a model for analyzing how translators exert their impact on their translations by altering the lens from which characters and events are perceived. Built upon Rimmon-Kenan’s framework (i.e. perceptual, psychological and ideological facets of focalization), an analytical model is developed to examine re-focalization as reflected between the source and target narratives—how one facet of focalization is altered into another and/or what changes are made within the same facet. The model is applied to a case analysis of the Chinese translation of Peter Hessler’s China story River Town: Two Years on the Yangtze. The findings from the textual analysis suggest that Li Xueshun, the translator, assumes an insider position in the sense that he aligns the focalizer’s perception of the history of China since 1949 with that of the Chinese people and foregrounds the inner qualities of the focalized (including the peasants and other common townspeople) by adopting the Chinese socialist lens. The model provides an alternative way to interrogate translators’ relationships with their own translations. While most previous research has tended to trace the translator’s voice through stylistic features, the proposed model allows one to explore how the translators influence the original ways of ‘seeing’ by introducing into the translated narrative a different focalizer.
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Hjort-Pedersen, Mette. "Free vs. Faithful – Towards Identifying the Relationship between Academic and Professional Criteria for Legal Translation." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 13, no. 2 (December 16, 2016): 225–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.13.2.225-239.
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For many years translation theorists have discussed the degree of translational freedom a legal translator has in rendering the meaning of a legal source text in a translation. Some believe that in order to achieve the communicative purpose, legal translators should focus on readability and bias their translation towards the target language community. Others insist that because of the special nature of legal texts and the sometimes binding force of legal translations, translators should stay as close to the source text as possible, i.e., bias their translation towards the source language community. But what is the relationship between these ‘academic’ observations and the way professional users and producers, i.e., lawyers and translators, think of legal translation? This article examines how actors on the Danish legal translation market view translational manoeuvres that result in a more or less close relationship between a legal source text and its translation, and also the translator’s power to decide what the nature of this relationship should be and how it should manifest itself in the translation.
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Luo, Xuanmin, and Jiachun Zhu. "The translation of Hans Christian Andersen’s fairy tales in China." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 65, no. 2 (June 27, 2019): 153–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.00086.luo.
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Abstract Hans Christian Andersen’s fairy tales have been popular among Chinese readers since they were introduced to China through translation a century ago. This paper studies the translation of Andersen’s fairy tales in China by focusing on prominent Chinese translators of Andersen and their landmark translations. Regarding translation as a social activity, the author attempts to interpret the behaviour of the translator in terms of the historical context in which it occurred, as well as the corresponding ideology of literature. It is argued that the language styles and translating strategies adopted by the translators of different ages have varied according to the translator’s understanding of the original works, his purpose of translating, the publishers’ interests and the readers’ expectations in the target culture, as well as the image of Andersen constructed in the socio-cultural context from which the translation emerged. Therefore, the translation practice, which has contributed to the canonization of Andersen in China, is a process of the translators’ negotiations with the fluid Chinese poetics and ideology of the 20th century.
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Paloposki, Outi. "Arki löytyy arkistosta: arkistot ja niiden käyttö käännöstutkimuksessa." Mikael: Kääntämisen ja tulkkauksen tutkimuksen aikakauslehti 8 (December 1, 2014): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.61200/mikael.129510.
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To write about past translators, we need to rely on archival material. This article sets out to look at Finnish archives and how they can be used in translation research to produce a microhistory of translators and translations. Archives are first discussed on a more general level and examples are then given to illustrate the different aspects of translators’ lives that become visible through archival study. The examples are from different archives and by different translators and are based on previous research of the present author. The aim is, thus, to give an overview of the aspects that a microhistory of translators and translations might consist of, rather than present an in-depth study of one single translator. The examples have been chosen to shed light on the Finnish translators’ working decisions and practices but also on their friendships, hardships, family matters and joys. The material used consists of letters, notes and manuscripts.
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Swoboda, Tomasz. "Translating – Tricking the Crowd. A Gloss to Michel Leiris." Tekstualia 1, no. 36 (April 1, 2014): 57–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.4571.
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The article analyses Polish translations of Michel Leiris’s writings, tries to distinguish the specifi city of his texts and, consequently, the specifi city of the translator’s work. Leiris, the author of a wide range of texts including experimental poetry, ethnographic and autobiographical prose, represents a particular case for the translator as his writings quite often focus on puns and other linguistic experiments. Leiris’s translators also have to deal with long, proustian sentences as well as with intertextual plays. The status of subject in Leiris’s texts is also at stake in the translator’s work since one has to establish his identity within the realm of things.
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Pietrzak-Porwisz, Grażyna. "MELLAN DOMESTICERING OCH EXOTISERING." Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia 17, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 19–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/fsp-2015-0010.
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Abstract The present paper deals with culture-specific items as a translational problem. It is based on two Polish translations of four Swedish books from the famous detective series by Maj Sjöwall and Per Wahlöö. The aim of the study is to analyze some of the practices employed by two Polish translators against the translation methods proposed by Newmark (1988), Svane (2002) and Ingo (2009). For this purpose a number of highly specific cultural items have been collected and the methods applied by translators have been identified. The analysis has shown a big difference between translators in dealing with culture-specific items. The first translator, Maria Olszańska, adopts such translation methods as calque translation, hyperonym, functional equivalent, paraphrase and omission. The other translator, Halina Thylwe, prefers transference and calque translation combined with additional explanations, either in the main part of the text or in footnotes. The methods employed by both translators are a result of choosing between global translation strategies domestication and foreignization (Venuti 1995). Domestication, adopted in the older translations, minimizes the strangeness of the Swedish text to the Polish readers, whereas foreignization in the newer translations retains the foreignness of the original.
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Le Baillif, Anne-Marie. "The Translator’s Paradox." Interlitteraria 21, no. 2 (January 18, 2017): 195. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/il.2016.21.2.3.
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This paper will focus on the translators as their situation has proved to be more and more difficult in France. With examples, we want to consider how one’s position has evolved in the publishing world from the 16th century to the present. Looking at the 16th century, we can observe a real fever for translations of ancient texts. In the Netherlands, Italy and France, printers were translators and signed their translations with their proper name. Playwrights did the same with Latin and Greek works. For example, we know Oedipo tyranno by Giustiniani who translated Sophocles. The name of the Greek or Latin writer was eclipsed by the translator’s name such as Plantin and the Biblia Polyglotta, or Belleforest with his translation of The War of the Jews written by Flavius Josephus. The translation of the title gave the work a new specificity and was considered as the genuine work of the translator even though the name of the original author was still given. During the 16th century in France, Literary Property Laws were called “Privilège” and were attached to the author of the printed text. Later on, this law changed. We know that playwrights used translations and never mentioned the authors as they had actually never done before. Indeed, this particular type of literature often evaded the law. The publishers became more and more important and could thus decide what would be announced on the book’s cover. The author is to be mentioned for legal reasons, but translators are rarely mentioned. Today, you have to search for their name inside the book despite the fact that as our world is becoming more and more global we need them more and more. To some extent, on stage, some directors plunder translations done by specialists and attribute them to themselves. Two avenues of enquiry should help us understand the French translator’s paradox, which consist in the fact that the translator’s status evolves from a finder and producer to an intellectual whose name is today nearly ignored – despite his/her legal status.
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Dapila, Fabian N. "Bible Translation into Pasaale by a Muslim and by Christians: A Comparison." Bible Translator 74, no. 3 (December 2023): 415–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20516770231214492.
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This study compares two translations of the Gospel of Mark in the Pasaale language, one by a Muslim and another by trained Christian translators. The research aims to assess translation quality by examining key biblical terms, idioms, cultural nuances, and related factors. It highlights the persistent belief within some Christian Bible translation agencies that only Christians should undertake such work without compromise. Allegedly, some agencies even conceal the faith of non-Christian translators, potentially misleading Christian users of the translation. The study, conducted by a non-speaker of Pasaale with the assistance of a trained translator, seeks to determine whether the translator’s faith impacts the quality of their translation when working on scriptures of a different faith. This research contributes to discussions on the interplay between faith and translation quality, particularly in multicultural contexts like Ghana.
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Winters, Marion. "Modal particles explained." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 21, no. 1 (July 24, 2009): 74–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.21.1.04win.
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The present paper comprises a corpus-based study of translator style, comparing two German translations of the novel The Beautiful and Damned by Francis Scott Fitzgerald. The translations, by Hans-Christian Oeser and Renate Orth-Guttmann, were both published in 1998. The study isolates the linguistic feature of modal particles in which the individual styles of the translators manifest themselves on the textual level and investigates the influence the translators’ microlevel linguistic choices have on the macrolevel of the novel. An electronic corpus was compiled, comprising The Beautiful and Damned and its two translations, both entitled Die Schönen und Verdammten. A quantitative analysis was carried out to discover potential patterns of the use of modal particles by the translators, and the results showed that while both translators use modal particles to the extent and in the general context one would expect, they differ considerably in their choice and use of individual modal particles. The subsequent qualitative analysis takes a pragmatic approach, and discusses the selected modal particle wohl according to its communicative function, its role in speech and thought acts and in the narrative, and in the context of the respective narrative points of view. Finally it is argued that the two translators differ in their translation styles to an extent that affects the novel’s macrolevel in that one translator provides a character study while the other focuses on societal issues.
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Maharana, Dr Dipti Ranjan, and Gourika Sharma. "BEYOND WORDS: ETHICAL REFLECTIONS IN THEATRICAL TRANSLATION." JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE 11, no. 04 (2024): 60–70. https://doi.org/10.54513/joell.2024.11408.
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This paper explores the intricate challenges of translating modern Hindi drama into English, emphasizing the translator’s ethical responsibilities and cultural sensitivity. Drama, as a genre, intertwines textual and performative elements, making its translation particularly complex. This paper focuses on Mohan Rakesh's Aadhe Adhure and Bhisham Sahni's Madhavi to examine how translators navigate the balance between fidelity to the source text and adaptation to the target language and culture. The study employs theoretical frameworks from Rita Kothari, Mona Baker, Lawrence Venuti, and Anthony Pym to analyze the translator’s role. Kothari’s emphasis on cultural integrity, Baker’s focus on the translator as a cultural mediator, Venuti’s concepts of foreignization and domestication, and Pym’s stress on cross-cultural communication provide valuable perspectives. These frameworks illuminate the ethical dilemmas in maintaining cultural and emotional authenticity while engaging new audiences. Through theoretical analysis and practical case studies, the paper underscores the significance of the translator’s voice in bridging cultural divides and ensuring that translations retain the essence of the original. It contributes to the discourse on translation ethics and offers insights for translators working within the rich, complex world of modern Hindi drama.
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Saleh, Kazi Hassan, and Huner Abdullah Mohammed. "Domestication and Foreignization in Translating Cultural Terms from English into Kurdish in George Orwell’s Animal Farm." Journal of University of Human Development 9, no. 4 (September 19, 2023): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v9n4y2023.pp45-54.
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— Translation of culturally specific terms is considered a challenging activity. The current study explores the Kurdish translations of cultural terms found in the novel Animal farm written by George Orwell in 1945 and translated by three different translators. The study particularly attempts to identify the type of cultural terms according to Newmark’s (1988) taxonomy. In addition, the study uses Venuti's (1995) strategies of domestication and foreignization to identify the three translator’s choices, and uses Newmark's (1988) translation procedures to operationalize those two strategies. The results of the study reveal that all the five main categories of cultural terms were discovered including ecology, material culture (artefact), social culture (work and leisure), social organizations as well as gestures and habits. Material culture was the most frequent category of cultural terms found in the data. The translators employed various procedures, with cultural equivalent being the most common and deletion being the least. Furthermore, the translators' tendencies towards domestication and foreignization vary. Translator 1 demonstrates a greater inclination towards foreignization, while Translators 2 and 3 lean more towards domestication, with a notable similarity in their preferences. This study will be a contribution to the field of literary translation by offering insights concerning domestication and foreignization in translating CTs from English into Kurdish.
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Król, Małgorzata Z. "On the Normative Paradigm of Sworn Translation in the Realm of Law." Research in Language 18, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 299–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/1731-7533.18.3.04.
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In the 1920s the Polish legislature adopted a whole range of normative acts focused on the protection of the Polish language and on sworn translators practicing in official contexts. In accordance with statutory law, since 2004 sworn translators have been considered a profession commanding public trust. Among the many professional duties associated with sworn translators' performance, the regulations emphasize the duty to translate both spoken discourse and written texts with precision and faithfulness, and make sworn translators liable to disciplinary sanctions for poor quality work. The principles and rules for practicing the profession of sworn translator are enumerated in the Professional Sworn Translator’s Code of 2018.
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Martínez Sirés, Paula. "Like walking on cobblestones: An analysis of translator’s prefaces in Japanese intralingual translations." SKOPOS. Revista Internacional de Traducción e Interpretación. e-ISSN: 2695-8465. ISSN: 2255-3703 11 (February 12, 2021): 81–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/skopos.v11i.12953.
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This paper explores epitexts and peritexts (prefaces) written by translators to intralingual translations. It carries out a preliminary study on several translator’s prefaces (here called ‘translatorial prefaces’) in the Japanese context to determine the function that said prefaces have within modern Japanese translations (or gendaigoyaku) of Japanese classics, to examine translation methodologies and translation issues found in the texts, and to ascertain the level of self-awareness that intralingual translators had with their role as ‘translators’. Ultimately, this study aims to contribute new approaches to the ongoing discussion regarding intralingual translation and the study of paratexts, both in the Japanese context and in a broader sense.
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Hajj, Maya El. "Translation, Retranslation and Recreation in the Literary Field." Journal of Language Teaching and Research 10, no. 5 (September 1, 2019): 914. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/jltr.1005.03.
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Ameen Fares Rihani rewrote a few of his Arabic poems, such as “I am the East” and “New York” in English, to enable American and Arab readers to understand the poems within their cultural settings, to promote the Eastern culture in the West, and to introduce the West to the Easterners. This paper argues that in his translations of his own poetry, Rihani was a recreator rather than a translator. A comparative analysis of Rihani’s rewritten poems in English and the translations made by other translators of the same poems will prove that the author-translator’s choice of terms along with their cultural backgrounds, deep meanings and etymologies reveal his deep understanding of the source and target cultures, the Eastern and the Western ones. The study further analyzes Rihani’s literary recreations or in other terms transcreations and examines as well the other translators’ rendering of the same works. Comparative study shows how poetry transcends cultural barriers and understands the linguistic and cultural spirit of the target language, thereby attempts to bridge the civilization and cultural gaps between the East and the West.
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Mitura, Magdalena. "« Vous pouvez entendre les mâchoires de l’arme de l’ange ». Le traducteur humain face à la traduction automatique dans le contexte littéraire : Les Livres de Jakób d’Olga Tokarczuk." Studia Romanica Posnaniensia 51, no. 3 (October 15, 2024): 61–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/strop.2024.51.3.5.
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The dynamic development of automatic translators raises questions about the future of human translators. The aim of this article is to evaluate the French versions of an excerpt from The Books of Jacob by Olga Tokarczuk, made by Systran, Google Translate and DeepL, and to compare them with the reference translation made by a human translator. The translations were carried out in 2019 as part of the ATLAS association project ‘L’Observatoire de la traduction automatique’. The analyses show that the inability to interpret the original in a complex way leads to weaknesses in machine translators. This proves that the position of the human translator remains unthreatened in the field of translating high-quality literary texts.
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BOUKHELEF, Faiza. "The Impact of Computer Assisted Translation (CAT) Tools on Translator Training." ALTRALANG Journal 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2024): 276–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/altralang.v6i1.424.
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In recent years, the field of translation has been greatly influenced by advances in computer-assisted translation tools. These tools have not only revolutionized the translation process but also significantly impacted translator training. The integration of technology into the translator's toolkit has reshaped the way translators work and the skills they should succeed in the modern translation industry. This article investigates the increasing influence of computer-assisted translation tools on translator training and its implications for the future of the profession. The aim of this paper is to explore to what extent the development of CAT (computer-assisted translation) tools affects the environment of professional translators and the areas of teaching and learning. This research delves into the growing impact of CAT tools on translator training, including the evolving skills required by professional translators and the changing landscape of the translation industry. In addition, this paper investigates the implications of CAT tools on teaching and learning in the field of translation, focusing on how these tools shape the curriculum and pedagogy of translation programs. This exploration will provide valuable insights into the intersection of technology and translation, offering a comprehensive understanding of the effects of CAT tools on professional translators and the education and training of future translators.
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Tellinger, Dušan, and Kostiantyn Mizin. "CULTURAL REALIA IN THE SLOVAK AND CZECH MULTIPLE TRANSLATIONS OF I. GONCHAROV’S NOVELS: DYNAMICS OF TRANSLATION DECISIONS." Research Bulletin Series Philological Sciences 1, no. 193 (April 2021): 105–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.36550/2522-4077-2021-1-193-105-112.
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The article defines the reasons influencing the translation decisions as to recreation of cultural realia in the Slovak and Czech multiple translations of I. Goncharov’s key novels. It has been found that ethnocultural elements of the text, first of all the realia, can be a source of mistakes when translated since the modern generations of readers do not possess the background knowledge on the level needed for the perception of important information contained in the classics’ works, in particular in those by I. Goncharov. That is why a contemporary translator must introduce the reader to the elements of the text connected with the life of people, their culture and world outlook when works of art are being translated. The knowledge of material and moral realia, customs and traditions is an integral part of the background knowledge of a writer, a translator and a reader as well. Much depends on a translator’s aspiration to realize the modern readers’ expectations and update the archaic realia when translated in order to bring the past times closer to the present days. This requires a translator’s freedom from an original. This way there is the only possible to preserve artistic peculiarities of an original since translators in the past strived to recreate the precise structure of a text (sentences) by means of literal translation. However, it was an illusion as to the correctness of translation. That is why translators should be aware of the fact that they should preserve the invariant part of the contents of an original, which should be the result of their work. Herewith, translators should maintain all artistic properties of a classic work.
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Grau-Perejoan, Maria. "The role of literary translators in the West Indian literary field and the importance of Creole." Translating Creolization 2, no. 2 (December 23, 2016): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.2.2.04gra.
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Stemming from the belief in both the potential transformative power of art and the intellectual’s role in social struggles, this article foregrounds the figure of the literary translator as an intellectual that holds the potential to contribute to the advancement of Caribbean narratives through his or her ethically and politically motivated translations. The article uses Pierre Bourdieu’s theorizing to emphasize on the necessarily collaborative nature of the role of literary translators of West Indian literature. Furthermore, since most frequently than not Creole languages are an integral part of West Indian texts, this article pinpoints the translator’s ability to both discern and understand Creole as a crucial aspect for translations to be engaged and participate in regional ideological struggles.
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BRASA DÍEZ, Mariano. "Métodos y cuestiones filosóficas en la escuela de traductores de Toledo." Revista Española de Filosofía Medieval 4 (October 1, 1997): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/refime.v4i.9701.
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Philosophical questions and method in Toledo Translaters School. In this paper, after a preliminary section on twelfth-century Spain, I will present Medieval Renaissance Toledo where -in the School of Translators- the great translators did their work, and out of which most of the philosophical works by Arab Authors, translated to latin, emerged. I will also talk about other roads, other regions, and other translators. Finally, I will the Alfonsian translations and I will conclude with two appendices showing the works translated by Ibn Daound-Gundisalvo and by Gerardo de Cremona.
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Zhou, Qiangsheng. "A Comparative Study of the English Versions of A Little Incident from the Perspective of Translator’s Subjectivity." Journal of Education, Teaching and Social Studies 6, no. 2 (April 26, 2024): p66. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/jetss.v6n2p66.
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In translation practice, the translator is not only one of the main subjects, but an indispensable factor. The translator’s subjectivity is mainly concerned with the translator’s subjective consciousness, which actually includes two aspects: the translator’s understanding of the original text and the choice of the target language in the translation process. Under the guidance of this theory, translation studies have shifted from the author-centered to the translator-centered, and scholars have turned their attention to the study of the translator’s subjectivity. From the perspective of translator’s subjectivity, this paper will make a comparative study of several versions. Combining the three characteristics of translator’s subjectivity, this paper studies the language style, cultural understanding and subjective initiative of different translators in different translations of A Little Incident, so as to bring readers aesthetic reading experience and feelings. In addition, the author will analyze the translation strategies, words and sentence patterns, such as positive and negative translation, addition translation and reduction translation, in order to show how the translator chooses the appropriate diction, then to the original understanding, perception, comprehensive use of close reading, analysis, interpretation, to achieve the credibility and elegance, to meet the ideological needs of readers. In a word, the translator should give full play to the translator’s subjectivity and make his own contribution to spreading Chinese culture and civilization on the premise of respecting the original text and author.