Tesis sobre el tema "Traitement morphologique des images"
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Mottini, d'Oliveira Alejandro Ricardo. "Analyse de la morphologie axonale : du traitement des images à la modélisation". Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4066/document.
Texto completoThe morphological analysis of axonal trees is an important problem in neuroscience. It has been shown that the morphological characteristics of thesestructures provide information on their functioning and allows the characterization of pathological states. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop methods to analyze their shape and to quantify differences between structures. In this thesis we propose a method for the comparison of axonal trees that takes into account both topological and geometrical information. Using this method, which is based on the Elastic Shape Analysis Framework, we can compute the geodesic path between two axons and the mean shape of a population of trees. In addition, we derive a classfication scheme based on this metric and compare it with state of the art approaches. Finally, we propose a 2D discrete stochastic model for the simulation of axonal biogenesis. The model is defined by a third order Markov Chain and considers two main processes: the growth process that models the elongation and shape of the neurites and the bifurcation process that models the generation of branches. The growth process depends, among other variables, on an external attraction field. Both techniques were validated on a database of real fluorescent confocal microscopy images of neurons within Drosophila fly brains. Both normal neurons and neurons in which certain genes were inactivated have been considered. Results show that the proposed comparison method obtains better results that other methods found in the literature, and that the model parameter values provide information about the growth properties of the populations
Laveau, Nicolas. "Mouvement et vidéo : estimation, compression et filtrage morphologique". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003299.
Texto completoGarcia, Arnaud. "Analyse statistique et morphologique des images multivaluées : développements logiciels pour les applications cliniques". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00422589.
Texto completoHernández, Londoño Jorge Eduardo. "Analyse morphologique d'images pour la modélisation d'environnements urbains". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00005974.
Texto completoNoyel, Guillaume. "Filtrage, réduction de dimension, classification et segmentation morphologique hyperspectrale". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00004473.
Texto completoNajman, Laurent. "Morphologie mathématique, systèmes dynamiques et applications au traitement des images". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00715406.
Texto completoBarat, Cécile. "Palpage virtuel : une nouvelle approche morphologique pour la mise en correspondance d’objets (Pattern Matching) dans les images à niveaux de gris". Saint-Etienne, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STET4018.
Texto completoSaryazdi, Saeid. "Etude de schémas de codage intra-image basés sur le sous-échantillonnage morphologique non uniforme". Université de Rennes 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997REN10134.
Texto completoDurand, Marie-Ange. "Caracterisation morphologique du contexte dans les images de teledetection : utilisation de connaissances externes pour la reconstruction de structures". Toulouse 3, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986TOU30180.
Texto completoGousseau, Yann. "Distribution de formes dans les images naturelles". Paris 9, 2000. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2000PA090081.
Texto completoTessadro, Ana y Jacques Jean Silvy. "Caractérisation morphologique des fibres par analyse d'images". Grenoble INPG, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPG0073.
Texto completoChevallier, Emmanuel. "Morphologie, Géométrie et Statistiques en imagerie non-standard". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENMP0082/document.
Texto completoDigital image processing has followed the evolution of electronic and computer science. It is now current to deal with images valued not in {0,1} or in gray-scale, but in manifolds or probability distributions. This is for instance the case for color images or in diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Each kind of images has its own algebraic, topological and geometric properties. Thus, existing image processing techniques have to be adapted when applied to new imaging modalities. When dealing with new kind of value spaces, former operators can rarely be used as they are. Even if the underlying notion has still a meaning, a work must be carried out in order to express it in the new context.The thesis is composed of two independent parts. The first one, "Mathematical morphology on non-standard images", concerns the extension of mathematical morphology to specific cases where the value space of the image does not have a canonical order structure. Chapter 2 formalizes and demonstrates the irregularity issue of total orders in metric spaces. The main results states that for any total order in a multidimensional vector space, there are images for which the morphological dilations and erosions are irregular and inconsistent. Chapter 3 is an attempt to generalize morphology to images valued in a set of unordered labels.The second part "Probability density estimation on Riemannian spaces" concerns the adaptation of standard density estimation techniques to specific Riemannian manifolds. Chapter 5 is a work on color image histograms under perceptual metrics. The main idea of this chapter consists in computing histograms using local Euclidean approximations of the perceptual metric, and not a global Euclidean approximation as in standard perceptual color spaces. Chapter 6 addresses the problem of non parametric density estimation when data lay in spaces of Gaussian laws. Different techniques are studied, an expression of kernels is provided for the Wasserstein metric
Blanchard, Cédric. "Etude morphologique et métrologique des sinus de Valsalva par traitement d'images tomographiques". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00825485.
Texto completoDillenseger, Jean-Louis. "Imagerie Tridimensionnelle Morphologique et Fonctionnelle en Multimodalité". Phd thesis, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 1992. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133646.
Texto completoLe premier chapitre est consacré à une étude bibliographique traitant de l'acquisition et de la modélisation de primitives tridimensionnelles en imagerie médicale. Le propos du second chapitre concerne une revue des techniques de représentation de primitives et de fonctions multi-variables.
Le troisième chapitre traite de la représentation et de l'analyse d'images morphologiques tridimensionnelles. Un nouveau concept, le lancer de rayons multi-fonctions, a été introduit afin d'intégrer sur le rayon une partie des traitements tels que l'interpolation, la détection, le filtrage tout en préservant les fonctionnalités de base (dissection, manipulation par exemple) de l'imagerie médicale tridimensionnelle. Une technique d'accélération du processus de synthèse d'images basée sur la cohérence inter-images est également proposée.
Le suivi d'une pathologie ou l'évaluation d'une thérapie nécessitent la confrontation d'images acquises par une même source mais à des instants distincts. Le quatrième chapitre porte sur l'étude et la mise au point d'une technique de recalage 3D en rotation de volumes basée sur une formalisation utilisant les quaternions.
Le dernier chapitre est consacré à la reconstitution et à la description (la visualisation) dans l'espace anatomique cérébral des champs de potentiels électriques ou magnétiques (EEG et MEG).
Barré, Frédérique. "Contribution de l'analyse d'images à la caractérisation morphologique des surfaces industrielles". Saint-Etienne, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STET4011.
Texto completoDarbon, Jérôme. "Composants logiciels et algorithmes de minimisation exacte d'énergies dédiées au traitement des images /". Paris : École nationale supérieure des télécommunications, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40185908r.
Texto completoDarbon, Jérôme. "Composants logiciels et algorithmes de minimisation exacte d'énergies dédiés au traitement des images". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2005. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001680.
Texto completoDarbon, Jérôme. "Composants logiciels et algorithmes de minimisation exacte d'énergies dédiées au traitement des images". Paris, ENST, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENST0050.
Texto completoRésumé anglais :This thesis mainly concerns itself with fast and exact optimization of energies used in many image processing and computer vision problems. Several approaches are considered for different classes of energies. Minimum cuts are the common part of the optimization methods proposed in this thesis. First, we present an algorithm which computes a global minimizer for the Total Variation minimization problem with convex data fidelity terms. Our approach consists in reformulating this energy as binary Markov random fields associated with each level sets of an image. Then we generalize this approach to the case of "levelable" energies. A second generalization, different from the first one, deals with the case where priors are convex functions. Then, we present an efficient minimization algorithm for energies where both data fidelities and priors are convex functions. The special case of the Total Variation minimization with L^1 data fidelity is studied in detail. We show that its minimization yields a filter which is invariant with respect to any change of contrast. This invariance is the main property of morphological filters. This model is used to propose a morphological and auto-dual filter
Wang, Haisheng. "Modélisation Morphologique et Propriétés de Transport d'Alumines Mésoporeuses". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM045/document.
Texto completoIn a work made at Centre de Morphologie Mathématique and IFPEN, we study the microstructure and physical properties of mesoporous alumina. This is a catalyst carrier used in the petroleum refining industry. Highly porous, it contains disordered ''platelets'' at the nanoscale. The mass transport properties of the catalyst carrier are strongly influenced by the morphology of the porous microstructure. We focus on the modeling of the microstructure and of transport properties of mesoporous alumina, using numerical and theoretical tools derived from image analysis and random sets models. On the one hand, methods are developed to characterize and model the microstructure, by extracting and combining information from transmission electron microscope (TEM) images and nitrogen porosimetry curves, among others. On the other hand, the numerical homogenization relies on full-field Fourier transform computations (FFT).The material is first characterized experimentally by nitrogen porosimetry and pulse-field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance (PFG-NMR). TEM images, obtained on samples of various thicknesses are filtered and measured in terms of correlation function. The high-frequency noise caused by carbon membrane support is identified and integrated in the TEM image model. Based on the 2D TEM images, a two-scale random set model of 3D microstructure is developed. It takes into account the platelet shape, platelet size, local alignments and aggregations effects which are numerically identified. The procedure is validated by comparing the model and experimental images in terms of correlation function and specific surface area estimated by nitrogen porosimetry.Next, a procedure is proposed to simulate porosimetry isotherms in general porous media, including random microstructures. Based on simple morphological operations, it extends an earlier approach of mercury porosimetry. Multilayer adsorption at low pressure is simulated by a dilation operation whereas the menisci of the vapor-liquid interface occurring during adsorption are simulated by closing the solid phase with spherical structuring elements. To simulate desorption, a combination of closing and hole-filling operations is used. The desorption threshold is obtained from a percolation analysis of the gaseous phase. The method, validated first on simple geometries, is compared to previous results of the literature, allowing us to predict the hysteresis and pore size distribution associated to porosimetry. It is applied on 3D microstructures of mesoporous alumina. To account for the pressure threshold during desorption, we propose a refined three-scale model for mesoporous alumina, that reproduces the correlation function and the desorption branch of porosimetry isotherms.Finally, Fick diffusion, Darcy permeability, and elastic moduli are numerically predicted using the FFT method and the two-scale and three-scale models of mesoporous alumina. The hindering effects in diffusion are estimated by the Renkin's equation. The effective diffusion coefficients and the tortuosity factors are estimated from the flux field, taking into account hindering effects. The effects of platelet shape, alignment and aggregation on the diffusion property are studied. The numerical estimation is validated from experimental PFG-NMR results
Ghandour, Sarah. "Segmentation d'images couleurs par morphologie mathématique : application aux images microscopiques". Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/867.
Texto completoFuture architectures of communication systems will be more and more complex due to the need for reconfigurability in terms of frequency, emitted and received power, power consumption and reliability. One interesting and very promising technology comes under the name of RF-MEMS. In general MEMS component replaces and outperforms its counterparts. These structures will be yielded to electrostatic and/or electromagnetic strains that it is necessary to investigate and to understand the effects. Besides, power handling of those devices is one of the parameters that qualify its robustness. Since they have shown interesting functionalities for space applications, its sensitivity to radiation needs to be understood. The motivation of the thesis aims at analyzing the impact of those strains in the functional parameters (actuation voltages, switching times, insertion losses, isolation), using an appropriate reliability bench test. Clever analyses of the failure mechanisms that occur after stresses such as DC stress, ESD discharge, RF power qualification and radiation, have been performed. The stresses will be applied on various structures with various architectures and designs, in order to determine the robustness and the reliability of each technology. Finally, the validation and the new findings of these works present one design integrating ESD protection and an accelerated stress test circuit is also proposed. This thesis was being part of the framework of the European Network of Excellence AMICOM on RF Micro-systems where reliability has been defined to be a major challenge to its integration and its commercialization
Lauffer, Mathieu. "Reconnaissance d'organismes aquatiques envahissants par traitement d'image et imagerie de fluorescence". Thesis, CentraleSupélec, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015SUPL0024.
Texto completoPhytoplankton plays a fundamental role in the living world. It is a dioxygen generator and the most important carbon dioxide fixer on Earth. However, under certain conditions, its development may become so excessive that it could be harmful to other vegetal and animal aquatic life in the water ponds in which it grows: it is the “hyper eutrophication” phenomenon. Such a situation leads to dramatic consequences on environment due to the difficulties that arise for photosynthesis and gas exchanges of other plant species. At the extreme limit, this can cause the death of the whole aquatic ecosystem. It appears therefore essential to strengthen the vigilance on controlling the proliferation of plankton and toxins with the necessity of risk evaluation. In a first approach, the recognition and the identification of aquatic organisms, necessary for such a control, are usually performed only by specialists algologists from microscopic observations. Nevertheless, in certain circumstances, it may be useful to dispose of an automatic recognition system to improve the monitoring of high-risk water ponds and optimize human intervention of specialists algologists. The development of such an automatic system of recognition of aquatics organism is more and more considered.In order to identify aquatic organisms, an original optical microscopy set up was developed in which the incident and emitted light beams are filtered in wavelengths. Such a set up enables the acquisition of classical microscopic images and microscopic images of fluorescence emission of the vegetal material under different illumination. These different images are then analyzed and processed by two algorithms of segmentation to collect characteristics data of the vegetals morphology and pigments compositions useful thereafter for their automatic recognition. Finally, all these different characteristic parameters linked to morphology and fluorescence emission of the vegetal species are collected to build a database useful for automatic optical recognition
Lopez-Ornelas, Erick de Jesus. "Segmentation d'images satellitaires à haute résolution et interaction avec l'information géographique : application à l'extraction de connaissances". Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30021.
Texto completoRisson, Valéry. "Application de la morphologie mathématique à l'analyse des conditions d'éclairage des images couleurs". Paris, ENMP, 2001. https://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003315.
Texto completoRuggieri, Vito Giovanni. "Analyse morphologique des bioprothèses valvulaires aortiques dégénérées par segmentation d'images TDM". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00768495.
Texto completoOutal, Souhail. "Quantification par analyse d'images de la granulométrie des roches fragmentées : amélioration de l'extraction morphologique des surfaces, amélioration de la reconstruction stéréologique". Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1355.
Texto completoThis research deals with a more general context of the quality control for some important operations in minig production, predominantly blasting, crushing and grinding. It is interested more in the granulometry quantification of the fragmented rocks by using image processing. In general, the developement work is mainly related to the improvment of two most important stages of measurement : the contours extraction of the fragments at the image (2D) and the rebuilding of the 3D size-distribution-curve ( stage of stereology,3D). Nowadays, screening ( or more general the sifting)is the most used and important process for measuring the granulometry of the fragmented rocks. It is therfore considered as the current reference of measurement. Consequently, any measurement established by image processing will then be valited on the basis of screening's result. With regard to the stage of contours extraction of fragments, the major problem is how to determine the correct filtering of the noise at the image. First of all, new tools for filtering, based on the residual morphological transformations and rather powerful and adapted to the case of fragment images of rocks, are introduced and evaluated. The study undertaken on grey level images, approaches the various aspects of the noise problems from a topographic point of view. Surfaces of fragments are then extracted carefully with the help of a segmentation of the image. The extraction process is principally based on the construction of a watershed controlled by the markers, which are extracted by filtering. The robustness and the automation of the step are afterward validated for sevarl case of images of rocks fragments. The second problem carried out in this rsearch is the rebuilding of 2D size-distribution-curve starting from the surfaces extracted by image processing. In order to avoid the interference of many skews related to this stage, we recommand to separate the problem into two subproblems according to the origin of analysed materials (cut down heap, truck, belt conveyor). Finally, the results obtained in this research for the case of the fragments of rocks as well as for oher type of images of granaular elements, enable us presently to consider a valorisation not only for mineral industry but also for other fields such as the agro industry, the pharmaceutical industry and cement factories
Ye, Haixiong. "Impact des transformations algorithmiques sur la synthèse de haut niveau : application au traitement du signal et des images". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061200.
Texto completoLuengo, Lydie. "Développement de méthodes d’analyse d’images dédiées à la caractérisation morphologique et nano structurale des noirs de carbone dans les matrices polymères". Thesis, Orléans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ORLE2038.
Texto completoIn the field of rubber material development, CB is the most commonly used reinforcing filler. The characterization of CB morphology and nanostructure is therefore crucial to understand the physicochemical properties induced by the introduction of CB in rubber materials. Classical analytical methods only allow indirect and incomplete access to these properties. This PhD offers an innovative method that allows the automatic identification of CB grades by coupling Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy (STEM) detector and image processing chain. A thorough statistical investigation over a hundred of morphological and structural characteristics of CB was performed on a set of 6000 STEM images. This study has introduced 7 new features and selected the 37 most discriminating descriptors to create the final model. An unsupervised segmentation algorithm has been developed and evaluated in order to build an automatic process as efficient as possible. Then, five classifiers were trained and compared on a base of nearly 65,000 aggregates. It appears that the most suitable descriptor is the Neuron networks as it gives a perfect recognition. As the recognition model is based on 2D projections of CB aggregates, it is necessary to verify that the chosen descriptors are indeed able to correctly characterize the three dimensional structure of CB. The statistical comparison of the 2D descriptors with 3D descriptors extracted from electronic tomography images has been successful, and therefore demonstrates the relevance of the model. The proposed approach, starting from the sample preparation and STEM acquisitions to their classification and through the image analysis steps, offers a new and innovative method for the reliable characterization of CB. This method can be used routinely on raw CB or CB extracted from vulcanizes rubbers
Cros, Hervé. "Caractérisation morphologique des microstructures de matériaux cimentaires par analyse d'images". Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30190.
Texto completoBalbastre, Yaël. "Développement et validation d’outils pour l’analyse morphologique du cerveau de Macaque". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS333/document.
Texto completoUnderstanding the mechanisms involved in neurodegenerative or developmental diseases and designing new therapeutic approaches are based on the use of relevant experimental models as well as appropriate imaging techniques. In this context, MRI is a prominent tool for in vivo investigation as it allows for longitudinal follow-up. Successful translation from bench to bedside calls for well-characterized models as well as transferable biomarkers. Yet, despite the existence of both clinical and preclinical scanners, analysis tools are hardly translational. In this work, inspired by standards developed in Humans, we've built and validated tools for the automated segmentation of neuroanatomical structures in the Macaque. This method is based on the registration of a digital probabilistic atlas followed by the fitting of a statistical model consisting of a gaussian mixture and Markov random fields. It was first validated in healthy adults and then applied to the study of neonatal brain development. Furthermore, to pave the way for comparisons with gold standard post mortem biomarkers, we developed a pipeline for the automated 3D reconstruction of histological volumes that we applied to the characterization of MRI contrast in a stem-cell graft following an excitotoxic lesion
Primot, Laurence. "Contribution de la morphologie mathématique à la reconnaissance automatique de circuits intégrés : application à des images de microscopie". Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20252.
Texto completoDucottet, Christophe. "Ondelettes, analyse de singularités lissées et traitement d'hologrammes numériques de micro-particules". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Etienne, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00511234.
Texto completoFranchi, Gianni. "Machine learning spatial appliquée aux images multivariées et multimodales". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM071/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on multivariate spatial statistics and machine learning applied to hyperspectral and multimodal and images in remote sensing and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In this thesis the following topics are considered:Fusion of images:SEM allows us to acquire images from a given sample using different modalities. The purpose of these studies is to analyze the interest of fusion of information to improve the multimodal SEM images acquisition. We have modeled and implemented various techniques of image fusion of information, based in particular on spatial regression theory. They have been assessed on various datasets.Spatial classification of multivariate image pixels:We have proposed a novel approach for pixel classification in multi/hyper-spectral images. The aim of this technique is to represent and efficiently describe the spatial/spectral features of multivariate images. These multi-scale deep descriptors aim at representing the content of the image while considering invariances related to the texture and to its geometric transformations.Spatial dimensionality reduction:We have developed a technique to extract a feature space using morphological principal component analysis. Indeed, in order to take into account the spatial and structural information we used mathematical morphology operators
Lerallut, Romain. "Modélisation et interprétation d'images à l'aide de graphes". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003298.
Texto completoGonzález, Obando Daniel Felipe. "From digital to computational pathology for biomarker discovery". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UNIP5185.
Texto completoHistopathology aims to analyze images of biological tissues to assess the pathologi¬cal condition of an organ and to provide a diagnosis. The advent of high-resolution slide scanners has opened the door to new possibilities for acquiring very large im¬ages (whole slide imaging), multiplexing stainings, exhaustive extraction of visual information and large scale annotations. This thesis proposes a set of algorith¬mic methods aimed at facilitating and optimizing these different aspects. First, we propose a multi-scale registration method of multi-labeled histological images based on the properties of B-splines to model, in a continuous way, a discrete image. We then propose new approaches to perform morphological analysis on weakly simple polygons generalized by straight-line graphs. They are based on the formalism of straight skeletons (an approximation of curved skeletons defined by straight segments), built with the help of motorcycle graphs. This structure makes it possible to perform mathematical morphological operations on polygons. The precision of operations on noisy polygons is obtained by refining the construction of straight skeletons. We also propose an algorithm for computing the medial axis from straight skeletons, showing it is possible to approximate the original polygonal shape. Finally, we explore weighted straight skeletons that allow directional mor¬phological operations. These morphological analysis approaches provide consistent support for improving the segmentation of objects through contextual information and performing studies related to the spatial analysis of interactions between dif¬ferent structures of interest within the tissue. All the proposed algorithms are optimized to handle gigapixel images while assuring analysis reproducibility, in particular thanks to the creation of the Icytomine plugin, an interface between Icy and Cytomine
Musa, Purnawarman. "Etude, conception et réalisation d'un capteur d'image en technologie CMOS : implantation d'opérateurs analogiques dans le plan focal pour le traitement non-linéaire des images". Thesis, Dijon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013DIJOS039.
Texto completoCMOS images sensors have grown significantly since the late 1990s in connection with the huge developments of multimedia applications. Their optical characteristics, as well as their cost, have, in fact targeted for the consumer market. These sensors include analog and / or digital functions that allow the implementation of treatments within the pixel around the pixel, for a group of pixels in the end of column. Until now, processing inside the sensor.Until now, image processing inside the CMOS sensor are linear and based on convolutions. If these treatments are essential in a chain of vision, they are however limited and do not allow themselves to make a complex application like objects recognition in a natural scene. For this, non-linear associated with high-level classifiers can complete linear processing to meet the demands of a complex application. In this context, we show that “mathematically inspired” and “neuron-inspired” approaches both require the use of non-linear operators based on the “min” and “max” treatments. Therefore, we propose an architectural model for integrating non-linear processes in the focal plane. This model is based on a topology of “4-connected” PE and has two advantages over conventional solutions. Firstly with regard to increasing the speed of execution of nonlinear treatments but also aspects of reduced consumption are related to access to external memory in the case of digital based systems. The NLIP circuit (Non Linear Image Processing), which was designed during this thesis has 64 x 64 pixels associated with 64 x 64 elementary analog processors. Each pixel has a size of 40 m from the side and has a fill factor of 18%, which ensures a good sensitivity. The fabrication of the circuit was carried out in CMOS technology 0.35 m and functional tests were used to validate the proposed model retina
Parmentier, Alain. "Acquisition de cartes denses pour la génération et le contrôle de formes vestimentaires". Valenciennes, 1994. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/96d52b8e-37f9-4146-8eaf-405f79a9426f.
Texto completoLefèvre, Sébastien. "Approches multivaluées et supervisées en morphologie mathématique et applications en analyse d'image". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Strasbourg, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00515901.
Texto completoZhao, Zhou. "Heart Segmentation and Evaluation of Fibrosis". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS003.
Texto completoAtrial fibrillation is the most common heart rhythm disease. Due to a lack of understanding in the matter of underlying atrial structures, current treatments are still not satisfying. Recently, with the popularity of deep learning, many segmentation methods based on deep learning have been proposed to analyze atrial structures, especially from late gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. However, two problems still occur: 1) segmentation results include the atrial-like background; 2) boundaries are very hard to segment. Most segmentation approaches design a specific network that mainly focuses on the regions, to the detriment of the boundaries. Therefore, in this dissertation, we propose two different methods to segment the heart, one two-stage and one end-to-end trainable method. And then, for evaluating the fibrosis degree, we also proposed two methods, one is to combine deep learning with morphology, and the other is to use deep learning directly. Finally, the efficiency of the proposed approach is verified on some public datasets
FRIEDLANDER, FRANCIS. "Traitement morphologique d'images de cardiologie nucleaire". Paris, ENMP, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ENMP0183.
Texto completoRandrianasoa, Tianatahina Jimmy Francky. "Représentation d'images hiérarchique multi-critère". Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIMS040/document.
Texto completoSegmentation is a crucial task in image analysis. Novel acquisition devices bring new images with higher resolutions, containing more heterogeneous objects. It becomes also easier to get many images of an area from different sources. This phenomenon is encountered in many domains (e.g. remote sensing, medical imaging) making difficult the use of classical image segmentation methods. Hierarchical segmentation approaches provide solutions to such issues. Particularly, the Binary Partition Tree (BPT) is a hierarchical data-structure modeling an image content at different scales. It is built in a mono-feature way (i.e. one image, one metric) by merging progressively similar connected regions. However, the metric has to be carefully thought by the user and the handling of several images is generally dealt with by gathering multiple information provided by various spectral bands into a single metric. Our first contribution is a generalized framework for the BPT construction in a multi-feature way. It relies on a strategy setting up a consensus between many metrics, allowing us to obtain a unified hierarchical segmentation space. Surprisingly, few works were devoted to the evaluation of hierarchical structures. Our second contribution is a framework for evaluating the quality of BPTs relying both on intrinsic and extrinsic quality analysis based on ground-truth examples. We also discuss about the use of this evaluation framework both for evaluating the quality of a given BPT and for determining which BPT should be built for a given application. Experiments using satellite images emphasize the relevance of the proposed frameworks in the context of image segmentation
Esteban, Baptiste. "A Generic, Efficient, and Interactive Approach to Image Processing with Applications in Mathematical Morphology". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS623.
Texto completoImage processing libraries play an important role in the researcher toolset and should respect three criteria: genericity, performance, and interactivity. In short, genericity boosts code reuse and algorithm flexibility for various data inputs, while performance speeds up experiments and supports real-time applications. Additionally, interactivity allows software evolution and maintenance without full recompilation, often through integration with dynamic languages like Python or Julia. The first two criteria are not straightforward to reach with static languages such as C++ or Rust which require knowing some information at compile time to optimize generated machine code related to the different input and output data types of an algorithm. The latest criterion usually requires waiting until runtime to obtain type information and is thus performed at the cost of runtime efficiency. The work presented in this thesis aims to go beyond this limitation in the context of image processing algorithms. To do so, a methodology to develop generic algorithms whose type information about its input and output data may be known either at compile-time or at runtime is presented. This methodology is evaluated on different image processing algorithmic schemes, and it is concluded that the performance gap between the runtime and compile-time versions of the construction algorithm for hierarchical representations of images is negligible. As an application, hierarchical representations are employed to expand the applicability of grayscale noise level estimation to color images to enhance its genericity. That raises the importance of studying the impact of such corruption in the hierarchies built on noisy images to improve their efficiency in the presence of noise. It is demonstrated that the noise has an impact on the tree structure, and this impact is related to some kinds of functional in the context of energy optimization on hierarchies
Iwanowski, Marcin. "Application de la morphologie mathématique pour l'interpolation d'images numériques". ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP1069.
Texto completoGrouche, Lakhdar. "Traitement d'images par morphologie mathematique : applications aux domaines medical et industriel". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF2D207.
Texto completoYou, Zhenzhen. "Etude de la morphologie et de la distribution des neurones dans le cerveau de macaque par microscopie optique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2017. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2017PA066278.pdf.
Texto completoUnderstanding the mechanisms involved in healthy cases, neurodegenerative diseases and the development of new therapeutic approaches is based on the use of relevant experimental models and appropriate imaging techniques. In this context, virtual microscopy offers the unique possibility of analyzing these models at a cellular scale with a very wide variety of histological markers. My thesis project consists in carrying out and applying a method of analyzing colored histological images that can segment and synthesize information corresponding to neurons using the NeuN antibody on sections of the macaque brain. In this work, we first apply the Random Forest (RF) method to segment neurons as well as tissue and background. Then, we propose an original method to separate the touching or overlapping neurons in order to individualize them. This method is adapted to process neurons presenting a variable size (diameter varying between 5 and 30 μm). It is also effective not only for so-called "simple" regions characterized by a low density of neurons but also for so-called "complex" regions characterized by a very high density of several thousands of neurons. The next work focuses on the creation of parametric maps synthesizing the morphology and distribution of individualized neurons. For this purpose, a multiscale approach is implemented in order to produce maps with lower spatial resolutions (0.22 μm original resolution and created maps offering adaptive spatial resolution from a few dozens to a few hundred of micrometers). Several dozens of morphological parameters (mean radius, surface, orientation, etc.) are first computed as well as colorimetric parameters. Then, it is possible to synthesize this information in the form of lower-resolution parametric maps at the level of anatomical regions, sections and even, eventually, the entire brains. This step transforms qualitative color microscopic images to quantitative mesoscopic images, more informative and easier to analyze. This work makes it possible to statistically analyze very large volumes of data, to synthesize information in the form of quantitative maps, to analyze extremely complex problems such as neuronal death, to test new drugs and to compare this acquired information post mortem with data acquired in vivo
Ionescu, Gelu. "Segmentation et recalage d'images échographiques par utilisation de connaissances physiologiques et morphologiques". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1998. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005189.
Texto completoOutal, Souhaïl. "Quantification par analyse d'images de la granulométrie des roches fragmentées : amélioration de l'extraction morphologique des surfaces, amélioration de la reconstruction stéréologique". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002394/en/.
Texto completoOn, Vu Ngoc Minh. "A new minimum barrier distance for multivariate images with applications to salient object detection, shortest path finding, and segmentation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020SORUS454.
Texto completoHierarchical image representations are widely used in image processing to model the content of an image in the multi-scale structure. A well-known hierarchical representation is the tree of shapes (ToS) which encodes the inclusion relationship between connected components from different thresholded levels. This kind of tree is self-dual, contrast-change invariant and popular in computer vision community. Typically, in our work, we use this representation to compute the new distance which belongs to the mathematical morphology domain. Distance transforms and the saliency maps they induce are generally used in image processing, computer vision, and pattern recognition. One of the most commonly used distance transforms is the geodesic one. Unfortunately, this distance does not always achieve satisfying results on noisy or blurred images. Recently, a new pseudo-distance, called the minimum barrier distance (MBD), more robust to pixel fluctuation, has been introduced. Some years after, Géraud et al. have proposed a good and fast-to-compute approximation of this distance: the Dahu pseudodistance. Since this distance was initially developed for grayscale images, we propose here an extension of this transform to multivariate images; we call it vectorial Dahu pseudo-distance. This new distance is easily and efficiently computed thanks to the multivariate tree of shapes (MToS). We propose an efficient way to compute this distance and its deduced saliency map in this thesis. We also investigate the properties of this distance in dealing with noise and blur in the image. This distance has been proved to be robust for pixel invariant. To validate this new distance, we provide benchmarks demonstrating how the vectorial Dahu pseudo-distance is more robust and competitive compared to other MB-based distances. This distance is promising for salient object detection, shortest path finding, and object segmentation. Moreover, we apply this distance to detect the document in videos. Our method is a region-based approach which relies on visual saliency deduced from the Dahu pseudo-distance. We show that the performance of our method is competitive with state-of-the-art methods on the ICDAR Smartdoc 2015 Competition dataset
Enficiaud, Raffi. "Algorithmes multidimensionnels et multispectraux en Morphologie Mathématique : approche par méta-programmation". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003122.
Texto completoAssadzadeh, Djafar. "Traitement des images échographiques". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37595555x.
Texto completoAssadzadeh, Djafar. "Traitement des images échographiques". Paris 13, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA132013.
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