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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Tissu osseux – Matériaux"
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Tesis sobre el tema "Tissu osseux – Matériaux"
Cardoso, Landa Luis. "Caractérisation ultrasonore des milieux poroélastiques : application au tissu trabéculaire osseux". Paris 12, 2003. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990002521480204611&vid=upec.
Texto completoThe physical phenomena governing the propagation of acoustic waves in cancellous bone are very complex. An experimental and theoretical analysis of the acoustic properties of such tissue has been conducted as an attempt to explain the differences between in vivo and in vitro measurement data. It was experimentally demonstrated that cancellous bone exhibit a behavior which is (i) poroelastic (existence of two longitudinal waves). (ii) dispersive and (iii) anisotropic. The ultrasonic waves propagation in this tissue was shown to be affected by both the biphasic composition and the architectural organization of the media. An acoustic wave propagation model in a poroelastic orthotropic media was developed, introducing a new parameter characterizing the architectural design of the structure. Data of the theoretical model and experimental measurements are highly correlated, suggesting that this methodology can be used to indirectly characterize the microstructure of the media
Wang, Yan. "Elaboration de modèles collagène/apatite pour l'étude de la biominéralisation du tissu osseux". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00839469.
Texto completoFroment, Aurélien. "Caractérisation structurale d'hydroxyapatites carbo-silicatées par RMN du solide : applications à l'ingénierie du tissu osseux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS435.
Texto completoBioceramics based on calcium phosphates, and more particularly hydroxyapatite (HA, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) are widely popular for applications linked to bone filling. These osteoconductive macroporous bioceramics provide a function of supporting bone regrowth, but the volumes are weak and only located on the edges of the host tissue. These bioceramics also have a limited capacity to promote osteogenesis and angiogenesis at the heart of the implant and do not degrade according to a kinetic concomitant with that of the formation of new tissues. These limits have revealed the need to develop a new generation of biomaterials for clinical applications of regenerative medicine, biomaterials no longer only having the capacity to accommodate bone regrowth but must stimulate it. Carbo-silicate hydroxyapatites for which structural knowledge is very weak or almost non-existent are serious candidate materials for this new generation of biomaterials. The double substitution in carbonate ion, promotes the properties of biodegradation and osteoconduction, and in silicate ion, which in soluble form promotes bone formation, is a source of structural modifications that can lead to the modulation of the biological properties of those biomaterials. Structural knowledge of these new materials is therefore necessary before being able to classify them as future candidates for applications. The LCMCP has long had proven expertise in "NMR crystallography" in order to determine the structural properties of materials using characterization techniques. conventional and solid-phase NMR
Vu, Mai Ba. "Contribution à la caractérisation des milieux (visco-)élastiques anisotropes et hétérogènes : application au tissu osseux". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00674157.
Texto completoRealista, Coelho Dos Santos Pedrosa Catarina. "Nanotopographies bioactives pour le contrôle de la différenciation des cellules souches mésenchymateuses pour des applications en ingénierie de tissu osseux". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0319/document.
Texto completoNanotopography with length scales of the order of extracellular matrix elements offers the possibility of regulating cell behavior. Investigation of the impact of nanotopography on cell response has been limited by inability to precisely control geometries, especially at high spatial resolutions, and across practically large areas. This work allowed the fabrication of well-controlled and periodic nanopillar arrays of silicon to investigate their impact on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Silicon nanopillar arrays with critical dimensions in the range of 40-200 nm, exhibiting standard deviations below 15% across full wafers were realized using self-assembly of block copolymer colloids. To investigate if modifications of surface chemistry could further improve the modulation of hMSC differentiation, mimetic peptides were grafted on the fabricated nanoarrays. A peptide known for its ability to ameliorate cell adhesion (RGD peptide), a synthetic peptide able to enhance osteogenesis (BMP-2 mimetic peptide), and a combination or both molecules were covalently grafted on the nanostructures.Immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) measurements reveal clear dependence of osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs on the diameter and periodicity of the arrays. Moreover, the differentiation of hMSCs was found to be dependent on the age of the donor. Surface functionalization allowed additional enhancement of the expression of osteogenic markers, in particular when RGD peptide and BMP-2 mimetic peptide were co-immobilized. These findings can contribute for the development of personalized treatments of bone diseases, namely novel implant nanostructuring depending on patient age
Bostan, Luciana Elena. "Matériaux polymères avec hydrophilie contrôlée. Applications en ingénierie tissulaire du cartilage articulaire". Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00743464.
Texto completoAmewoui, Ekoue-Adjoka Foli Noël. "Impact de l’opération de perçage sur l’intégrité des tissus osseux : modélisation et expérimentation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LORR0095.
Texto completoBone drilling is commonly practised in various surgical operations for orthosynthesis screws insertion or placement of dental and cochlear implants. During bone drilling procedure, the thermomechanical constraints resulting from the tool-bone interaction can damage the bone tissues in the vicinity of the drilling area. Thus, a significant increase in temperature can cause thermal osteonecrosis. It is therefore important to optimize the operating conditions (spindle speed and feed rate, geometry of the drill, drilling operation strategy ...) in order to reduce the risk of damage to bone tissues. To do this, it is necessary to analyse and understand the effects of cutting conditions on the mechanisms controlling the drill-bone interaction. The present work aims to contribute to the understanding of these mechanisms by combining an experimental approach with numerical and analytical modelling. The experimental study investigates the effect of the cutting speed, feed rate of the drill and the microstructure of the drilled area on the resulting cutting forces (thrust force and axial torque) and temperature rise during the drilling of porcine bone specimens and biomechanical test materials (Sawbones). These materials have the advantage of a uniform microstructure per given sample unlike bone. Numerical models of orthogonal cutting and bone drilling are implemented using the Finite Element code ABAQUS / Explicit. The purpose of this development is to analyse the influence of bone constitutive and damage laws on the model predictions (cutting mechanism, temperature and cutting forces). In order to propose a simplified approach, an analytical modelling based on moving heat source theory is developed for predicting bone thermal response. The relevance and limits of the approach proposed is shown through experimental validation
Ho-Shui-Ling, Antalya. "Etude 2D et 3D de la régénération osseuse à la surface et au sein de biomatériaux architecturés et ostéo-inductifs". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAI087.
Texto completoTo date, titanium-based alloys (Ti) remain the most used implantable materials for load-bearing applications. Emerging additive manufacturing techniques such as electron beam melting (EBM) enable to custom-build architectured scaffolds of controlled macroporosity. In very difficult clinical situations, potent bioactive signals are needed to boost stem cells: osteoinductive molecules such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP-2) are currently used for this purpose. However, one of their limitations is their inappropriate delivery with collagen sponges. Biomimetic surface coatings made of the biopolymers poly(L-lysine) and hyaluronic acid, (PLL/HA) polyelectrolyte films, have recently been engineered as nanoreservoirs for BMP proteins. The aim of this PhD thesis was to develop architectured and osteoinductive 3D titanium-based scaffolds as innovative synthetic bone grafts. To this end, we used the EBM additive manufacturing technique to engineer porous scaffolds with cubit unit-cells. Their surface was coated with biomimetic films containing the bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP-7). The porosity was well controlled with a difference from CAD models of less than 1%. The osteoinductive capacity of BMP-7 loaded films was assessed using murine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by quantifying their alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression, which increased in a dose-dependent manner. The coating of the 3D architectured scaffolds by the bioactive film was characterized using optical and electron microscopy techniques. Finally, the 3D architectured scaffolds coated with BMP-7-loaded films were proved to be osteoinductive at the early stage in vitro. Preliminary experiments are currently done to assess their performance in an in vivo model of a critical size femoral bone defect in rat
Braux, Julien. "Influence d'un phosphate de calcium substitué en strontium sur la physiologie de l'ostéoblaste humain en culture et évaluation de son potentiel de réparation osseusse chez la souris". Phd thesis, Université de Reims - Champagne Ardenne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00591069.
Texto completoJann, Jessica. "Développement de films de polycaprolactone biomimétiques favorisant la différenciation ostéoblastique de cellules souches". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11999.
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