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MADOŠ, Branislav y Zuzana BILANOVÁ. "ON DATA HIDING USING DOMAIN SPECIFIC HIERARCHICAL DATA STRUCTURE SVDAG FOR GEOMETRY REPRESENTATION OF VOXELIZED THREEDIMENSIONAL SCENES". Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica 19, n.º 4 (13 de enero de 2020): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15546/aeei-2019-0027.
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Lee, Usik y Deokki Youn. "Effective Material Properties of Damaged Elastic Solids". Key Engineering Materials 324-325 (noviembre de 2006): 1185–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.324-325.1185.
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By using a continuum modeling approach based on the equivalent elliptical crack representation of a local damage and the strain energy equivalence principle, the effective elastic compliances and the effective engineering constants are derived in closed forms in terms of the virgin (undamaged) elastic properties and a scalar damage variable for damaged two- and threedimensional isotropic solids. It is shown that the effective Young’s modulus in the direction normal to the crack surfaces is always smaller than its intact value.
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Kunz, Andreas M. y Christian P. Spagno. "Construction of a Three-Sided Immersive Telecollaboration System". Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 13, n.º 2 (abril de 2004): 178–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/1054746041382410.
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In this article the setup and working principle of a new telecollaboration system “blue-c” is described. This system is an attempt to meet the rising expectations from industry of an IT-supported telecollaboration system. One basic requirement is that a three-dimensional representation of objects be possible together with threedimensional representations of the remote users. Since gesture and mimicry represent an important information channel during a discussion, a realistic 3D video representation is used instead of simple animated avatars. A simultaneous projection and image acquisition of the user in a telecollaboration system is necessary to allow simultaneous work of all team members. Thus, in the introduced system, problems had to be overcome such as providing, simultaneously, illumination for the image acquisition by the cameras and darkness for a bright projection to be seen by the user. A new approach was taken to integrate the cameras into the system by placing them behind active projection walls, which can be switched from transparent to opaque electrically. Unlike other systems, the cameras are therefore not visible to the user, who thus behaves more naturally. In addition, since the cameras are placed outside of the projection room, there is more space to move inside the immersive environment. The article describes the technology and functionality of the system, as well as the gathered experiences.
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Colson, Alicia y Ross Parry. "Shifting perspectives: method, media and the complex image". History and Computing 10, n.º 1-3 (octubre de 1998): 100–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/hac.1998.10.1-3.100.
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This article argues that the analysis of a threedimensional image demanded a three-dimensional approach. The authors realise that discussions of images and image processing inveterately conceptualise representation as being flat, static, and finite. The authors recognise the need for a fresh acuteness to three-dimensionality as a meaningful – although problematic – element of visual sources. Two dramatically different examples are used to expose the shortcomings of an ingrained two-dimensional approach and to facilitate a demonstration of how modern (digital) techniques could sanction new historical/anthropological perspectives on subjects that have become all too familiar. Each example could not be more different in their temporal and geographical location, their cultural resonance, and their historiography. However, in both these visual spectacles meaning is polysemic. It is dependent upon the viewer's spatial relationship to the artifice as well as the spirito-intellectual viewer within the community. The authors postulate that the multi- faceted and multi-layered arrangement of meaning in a complex image could be assessed by working beyond the limitations of the two-dimensional methodological paradigm and by using methods and media that accommodated this type of interconnectivity and representation.
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Battini, C. y R. Vecchiattini. "SURVEY AND RESTORATION: NEW WAYS OF INTERACTION". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-5/W1 (17 de mayo de 2017): 655–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-5-w1-655-2017.
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The present paper analyses two cases exemplifying a possible use of survey and its elaborations in the field of conservation: the bell tower of the Basilica Santa Maria delle Vigne and the Chiesa di San Matteo, both situated in Genoa. In the first case, the threedimensional survey was used as a basis to build a model for the structural analysis. The need for an accurate database created with the three-dimensional survey allowed the research team to determine and highlight the critical points of the structure as the thickness of vaults and floors, the location of loads and the inclination of the walls. The data collected was used to create an accurate 3D model to be tested with simulations, in order to verify the stability of the bell tower when applying stress and limitations. In the second case, the three-dimensional survey was used as the basis for the collection, management and representation of the data derived from the survey on rising damp. The purpose was to test a dynamic data processing system that could be used as a tool to collect data on site as well as to access data remotely. By using software for three-dimensional representation and a node programming language, it was possible to define a system that offered dynamic viewing and was easy to use, through the use of chromatic scales and level curves, which can be generated starting from tables containing numerical data. Surveying, diagnostics, modelling and representation allow one to experiment with new ways of interaction within the common goal of conservation.
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Roberty, Nilson C., Denis M. de Sousa y Marcelo L. S. Rainha. "Moving Heat Source Reconstruction from Cauchy Boundary Data: The Cartesian Coordinates Case". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2011 (2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/130834.
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We consider the problem of reconstruction of an unknown characteristic interval and block transient thermal source inside a domain. By exploring the definition of an Extended Dirichlet to Neumann map in the time space cylinder that has been introduced in Roberty and Rainha (2010a), we can treat the problem with methods similar to that used in the analysis of the stationary source reconstruction problem. Further, the finite differenceθ-scheme applied to the transient heat conduction equation leads to a model based on a sequence of modified Helmholtz equation solutions. For each modified Helmholtz equation the characteristic interval and parallelepiped source function may be reconstructed uniquely from the Cauchy boundary data. Using representation formula we establish reciprocity functional mapping functions that are solutions of the modified Helmholtz equation to their integral in the unknown characteristic support. Numerical experiment for capture of an interval and an rectangular parallelepiped characteristic source inside a cubic box domain from boundary data are presented in threedimensional and one-dimensional implementations. The problem of centroid determination is addressed and questions are discussed from an computational points of view.
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Dai, Mian, Fangyan Dong y Kaoru Hirota. "Fuzzy Three-Dimensional Voronoi Diagram and its Application to Geographical Data Analysis". Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 16, n.º 2 (20 de marzo de 2012): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2012.p0191.
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A concept of fuzzy three-dimensional Voronoi Diagram is presented for spatial relations analysis of real world three-dimensional geographical data, where it is an extension of well known two-dimensional Voronoi Diagram to three-dimensional representation with uncertain spatial relation information in terms of fuzzy set. It makes possible to analyze quantitatively complex boundaries of geographically intricate areas, to give human friendly fuzzy explanation of determining three-dimensional directions, and to express uncertain spatial relations by precise unified fuzzy description. It is applied to decide spatial direction relations of artificial geographicalmountain data, which includes 8 spatial directions with at most 60 relative direction relations, and it leads to detect threedimensional directions whereas the expression of traditional 4 directions and 12 relative directions indicate two-dimensional directions only. The proposed concept aims to discriminate neighbors’ class relations and spatial-temporal changes of specially appointed objects, and also aims to be a tool to achieve the intellective extraction and analysis of geographical data of a mountainous area located in northeast China.
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Guerra, Francesco y Paolo Vernier. "Surveying and Comparing the Arco Dei Gavi and its Historical Wooden Maquette". Geoinformatics FCE CTU 6 (21 de diciembre de 2011): 338–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14311/gi.6.42.
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Actually geometrics’ science offers new opportunities and interesting applications in the field of Cultural Heritage. These applications are strictly related to preservation, restoration but even to cataloging and reproducing a monument that no longer has its original integrity. The possibility of obtaining 3D data, of such a model close to reality, enables us to realize studies that sometimes are too complex or impossible. The paper will describe the study of a monumental arch, the Arco dei Gavi, built in Verona during the I sec. A.C., that was destroyed in 1805 by the Napoleonic army, and its wooden model that was realized in 1813 and it has a very important role concerning the monument’s reconstruction. The purpose is to realize two threedimensional models which can be comparable to each other, two models with recognizable differences, similarities and discontinuities about shapes and single elements that compose the monument. It should also be noted that some original parts of the monument have not been relocated but are badly preserved in a museum: the 3D digital model helps to identify these parts in their original location. The main steps of the work can be summarized in: collecting the historical documentation of Arco dei Gavi and its representations; identifying proper instruments (laser scanning and photogrammetric hardware and software); surveying the Arch and its wooden model; identifying a unique and shared reference system; comparing both digital models related to the same scale; choosing a three-dimensional representation to emphasize the results; reallocation of outstanding pieces (virtual anastylosis).
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Zalud, Ivica. "Placental Blood Flow by Three-dimensional Doppler Ultrasound". Donald School Journal of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology 10, n.º 1 (2016): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10009-1443.
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ABSTRACT This review aims to provide the reader with an overview of the potential clinical applications in three-dimensional (3D) Doppler ultrasound for the evaluation of vascularity and blood flow within the placenta. Significant innovations have recently occurred, improving the visualization and evaluation of placental vascularity, resulting from enhancements in delineation of tissue detail through electronic compounding and harmonics, as well as enhancements in signal processing of frequencyand/ or amplitude-based color Doppler ultrasound. Spatial representation of vascularity can be improved by utilizing 3D processing. Greater sensitivity of 3D Doppler ultrasound to macro- and microvascular flow has provided improved anatomical and physiologic assessment throughout pregnancy. The rapid development of these new sonographic techniques will continue to enlarge the scope of clinical applications in placental studies. Three-dimensional Doppler sonography is a unique ultrasound technique that enables assessment of vascular signals within the whole investigated area. Homodynamic changes included in the process of placentation are one of the most exciting topics in the investigation of early human development. How to cite this article Zalud I. Placental Blood Flow by Threedimensional Doppler Ultrasound. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;10(1):55-62.
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Pradana, Fawwaz Aldi y Suprayogi Suprayogi. "CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS ON CHINESE AND AMERICAN NEWS WEBSITES REPORTING SOUTH CHINA SEA TERRITORIAL DISPUTE". Linguistics and Literature Journal 2, n.º 2 (31 de diciembre de 2021): 84–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33365/llj.v2i2.1445.
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This study focuses to understand the differences in reporting the same of The South China Seaterritorial dispute by two international news websites namely The New York Times and China Dailyand to exposed the hidden ideology behind the representation of those news websites. ThreeDimensional Framework by Fairclough in Critical Discourse Analysis were used in this study alongwith Systemic Functional Grammar particularly in transitivity analysis. The articles in this study werecollected from China Daily and The New York Times news website. The finding revealed that bothnews websites reported the issue of territorial dispute using material process and verbal processdominantly but The New York Times dominantly use material process more than China Daily. Next,the study found out that China Daily depicted the act of Beijing saying that territorial dispute as anormal thing due to the area of water are belong to China while The New York Times depicted the actof China as a violation of Sea rules of navigation in responding the territorial dispute. Last, the resultof this study found that China Daily stated in its news about how the US presence as meddling in thedisputed area of The South China Sea while The New York Times stated that the act of China inresponding the dispute is a harsh attitude and violating the rules. To sum up the study, thecombination of both theories is somehow useful in the discourse to expose the hidden meaning andideology.Keywords: Constrastive study, territorial dispute, three dimensional framework
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Roytgarts, M. y A. Smirnov. "Turbogenerator Electromagnetic Analysis with Changing Reactive Load". Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 20 (septiembre de 2022): 434–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj20.333.
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Comparative numerical analysis of electromagnetic processes in the end zone of powerful turbogenerators has been carried out at changes in reactive load from rated duty to underexcitation, as well as performance parameters of static overload that determine the stability of synchronous operation of turbogenerators in the power system. It was demonstrated that the representation of magnetic field sources and calculation results in the form of rotating waves allows simplifying and speeding up the solution of threedimensional electromagnetic problems in the turbogenerator end zone. Using a previously developed calculation method, the electromagnetic fields and processes in over- and underexcitation modes, in particular, peculiarities of shielding in turbogenerators are studied. It was established that the added losses and electrodynamic forces in underexcitation modes acting on the outermost core packages, pressure plate, and stator shield increased by 1.5–3.0 times, resulting in accelerated aging of the turbogenerator end zone. An appropriate margin shall be provided in the cooling system and the structural design of the turbogenerator end zone. Static overload capacity in nominal conditions is determined by the ratio of maximum power to rated power. An analytical functional relationship between static overload capacity and load conditions was established. It was demonstrated that when switching to the underexcitation mode while maintaining the active load due to a decrease in the excitation current and maximum power, the static overload factor decreases to unity, that there is virtually no static stability margin of the turbogenerator in this mode. Calculations were made for turbogenerators with a capacity of 200–1111 MVA. It is recommended to limit the operation of turbogenerators in underexcitation modes and to use specialized compensators more extensively.
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Сенчуков, Віктор Федорович y Тетяна Володимирівна Денисова. "МІНІМІЗАЦІЯ БУЛЕВИХ ФУНКЦІЙ ЗА НОМЕРАМИ НАБОРІВ ЗНАЧЕНЬ АРГУМЕНТІВ". Open Information and Computer Integrated Technologies, n.º 83 (23 de mayo de 2019): 156–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/oikit.2019.83.11.
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An original approach to analytic canonical minimization of switching (Boolean) functions, which is based on the representation of Boolean functions (BF) as a function of one variable – the number of the set í of values of its arguments, is proposed. For this, using the Antje function, the dependence (in the form of formulas) of the values of each of n variables on the number í is established. To construct a minimal disjunctive or conjunctive normal form of the BF are repelled from the corresponding perfect forms. In this connection the need to describe the sequence of numbers of sets, on which the variables take the values 1 and 0, arises. The common terms of such sequences can be obtained using the formula for the common term of a numerical sequence in a representation through the finite differences of its members. Further the connection between the sum of the values of atoms (term) ó(í) and the numbers of their values is established. With the help of the values of ó(í) , the question of gluing the constituents of the unit or zero is solved. Threedimensional and four-dimensional cubes whose vertices are labeled with sigmas are depicted for a function of three and four variables, respectively. Since the necessary condition for gluing the constituents – the modulus of the difference between sigmas is equal to one – is not sufficient, the gluing criterion is used: the constituents of a unit or zero are glued if and only if the Gamming distance between two values of ó(í) is equal to one. The general order for gluing the constituent of a unit or zero on the basis of the described means is obtained. A matrix of size m× n , where m is the number of simple implicant or implicent, n is the number of sets, on which the BF unit or zero values takes, is used to build deadlock forms; they are not represented by letters, but by sets of ones and zeros that correspond to them. The proposed approach to minimizing BF is called the í -minimization method. An example of minimizing of BF of five variables, given by the numbers of the sets í of values of its arguments, on which it takes values equal to one, that is – with the property f = 1, is given. The possibility of using the í -minimization of BF in bases other than the basis (∧, ∨, ￣ ), and in the future – an application to the minimization of BF of integer mathematical programming is discussed.
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Gasperini, Massimo. "Pisae Forma Urbis. Digital drawing and ‘reading’ of the city". ZARCH, n.º 8 (2 de octubre de 2017): 200. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.201782156.
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Se il territorio costituisce il supporto materiale sul quale si sono impressi e sovrapposti i segni lasciati dall’uomo attraverso i secoli, la città può essere a ragione considerata la massima manifestazione dell’intervento dell’uomo su di esso. I processi urbani che determinano un impianto con tutte le sue modificazioni dinamiche sono interconnessi senza soluzione di continuità storica tanto da essere riassunti e rinvenuti nella trama stessa della città. Possedere gli strumenti per cercare di comprenderne i contenuti costituisce un primo atto cognitivo di fondamentale importanza qualora si intenda partecipare consapevolmente all’accumulazione di nuove proposte all’interno del tessuto storicizzato.La fase analitica della lettura conduce alla comprensione di questi processi dinamici che hanno determinato storicamente gli assetti insediativi e infrastrutturali del territorio. In analogia con la letteratura possiamo asserire che il palinsesto territoriale corrisponde al testo della storia dell’uomo e per essere compreso deve essere letto con la logica del progetto, lo strumento eletto della disciplina dell’architettura. Il documento principale per la lettura è il rilievo. Sottoporre la forma urbana di Pisa all’indagine sperimentale della lettura mediante l’adozione di nuovi strumenti digitali costituisce un momento di approfondimento e di sintesi delle conoscenze acquisite oltre ad esperire nuove metodologie analitiche sia nel campo degli studi storico-archeologici che in quelli dell’urbanistica e dell’architettura. I modelli tridimensionali digitali di Pisa e del suo territorio entrano per la prima volta a far parte di tale apparato strumentale, potenzialmente aperto verso nuovi possibili modi di utilizzazione. In particolare la Pianta della città si pone come supporto tecnico per molteplici e multiformi applicazioni.If the territory is the material support on where the marks left by man through the centuries are impressed and superimposed, the city could be rightly considerated as the greatest manifestation of the human intervention on it. The process that determine an urban system with all its dynamic changes are interconnected in a historical continuum so as to be summarized and found in the same interlaced city. To have the means in such a way as to try to understand its contents is primary importance if one intends to participate with good knowledge of a case in proposing new plans within the historical tissue. The analytical phase of reading leads to understand these dynamic process that have historically caused the settling down order and the territorial structure. On the analogy of the literature we can assert that the territorial palimpsest accords with the man history text and to be understood should be read with the logic of the plan, the elect instrument of the architectonic discipline. The main document for reading is the survey. To submit the urban form of Pisa to the experimental research of the reading by using new digital instruments is an opportunity of search and synthesis of the acquired knowledges besides to test new analithical methodologies both in the field of historical and archaeologic studies and in those of the town-planning and architecture. For the first time the digital threedimensional models of Pisa and its territory take part of this instrumental system, potentially open to new modes of use. Particularly the 3D representation of the town is a technical support for many and multiform applications. However, these new instruments of representation need to be connected with new methods of ‘reading’ and interpretation.KEYWORDS: 3D city model, G.I.S., territory and town, reading and typological interpretation
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Brahme, Abhijit P., Joseph M. Fridy y Anthony D. Rollett. "Modeling Recrystallization in Aluminum Using Input from Experimental Observations". Materials Science Forum 558-559 (octubre de 2007): 1057–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.558-559.1057.
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A model has been constructed for the microstructural evolution that occurs during the annealing of aluminum alloys. Geometric and crystallographic observations from two orthogonal sections through a polycrystal using automated Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) were used as an input to the computer simulations to create a statistically representative threedimensional model. The microstructure is generated using a voxel-based tessellation technique. Assignment of orientations to the grains is controlled to ensure that both texture and nearest neighbor relationships match the observed distributions. The microstructures thus obtained are allowed to evolve using a Monte-Carlo simulation. Anisotropic grain boundary properties are used in the simulations. Nucleation is done in accordance with experimental observations on the likelihood of occurrences in particular neighborhoods. We will present the effect of temperature on the model predictions.
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Nanjannawar, Lalita G., Jiwanasha Manish Agrawal, Manish Suresh Agrawal y Anita D. Parushetti. "CBCT in Orthodontics: The Wave of Future". Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 14, n.º 1 (2013): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1291.
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ABSTRACT Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) has probably been one of the most revolutionary innovations in the field of dentistry in the past decade and it provides a novel platform for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. Current imaging techniques are essentially two-dimensional (2D) representations of threedimensional (3D) objects and suffer from several limitations. Hence, fulfillment of ideal imaging goals has been limited. Twodimensional radiographs are insufficient, especially in complex cases like impacted teeth, supernumerary teeth and orthognathic surgeries. CBCT images provide far more detailed information than conventional 2D radiographs and are user friendly. Soft tissues, skull, airway and the dentition can be observed and measured on CBCT images in a 1:1 ratio. Clinical significance CBCT provides an excellent tool for accurate diagnosis, more predictable treatment planning, more efficient patient management and education, improved treatment outcome and patient satisfaction. This article focuses on various applications of cone beam CT technology in orthodontics. How to cite this article Agrawal JM, Agrawal MS, Nanjannawar LG, Parushetti AD. CBCT in Orthodontics: The Wave of Future. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(1):153-157.
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Barbeito, Antonio, Marco Painho, Pedro Cabral y João O'Neill. "A topological multilayer model of the human body". Geospatial Health 10, n.º 2 (4 de noviembre de 2015). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/gh.2015.375.
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Geographical information systems deal with spatial databases in which topological models are described with alphanumeric information. Its graphical interfaces implement the multilayer concept and provide powerful interaction tools. In this study, we apply these concepts to the human body creating a representation that would allow an interactive, precise, and detailed anatomical study. A vector surface component of the human body is built using a three-dimensional (3-D) reconstruction methodology. This multilayer concept is implemented by associating raster components with the corresponding vector surfaces, which include neighbourhood topology enabling spatial analysis. A root mean square error of 0.18 mm validated the threedimensional reconstruction technique of internal anatomical structures. The expansion of the identification and the development of a neighbourhood analysis function are the new tools provided in this model.
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Thomsen, Victoria, Jill Seniuk Cicek, Afua Mante, Shawn Bailey y Farhoud Delijani. "ONE SETTLER STUDENT’S STORY ON INCORPORATING INDIGENOUS KNOWLEDGES IN ENGINEERING CURRICULA". Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA), 17 de junio de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24908/pceea.vi0.14880.
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The University of Manitoba Price Faculty of Engineering is actively working on initiatives to increaseIndigenous representation and ideology in engineering education. The initiatives aim to create ethical and equitable space for Indigenous Peoples, so their knowledges and perspectives are visible and valued in the Price Faculty of Engineering community. An Elder-in- Resident presented to an engineering ethics class the realities Indigenous communities face and how to work with Indigenous Peoples at the intersection of engineering projects such as oil and gas, hydroelectricity, andcommunity infrastructure. This study uses the threedimensional space narrative methodology and boundarycrossing theory to realize the impact on students’ learning. The student’s perspective negotiated and represented in this study acts as an artifact of boundary crossing and provides insight into the exchange of cross-cultural knowledge. Findings reveal a distinction between relationship and knowledge, where knowledge exchange is dependent on the relationship between people. Key factors contributing to a relationship include identifying each other’s historical backgrounds; situational contexts, and values, which require active listening; genuine curiosity; empathy; and time. The research presented in this paper is part of a more extensive case study exploring the impact onstudents’ learning when integrating Indigenous knowledges and perspectives into engineering education and is approved by the University of Manitoba’s Research Ethics Board.