Tesis sobre el tema "Théorie de l’échange social"
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Perrin, Thibault. "Employee-management social exchange trust relationship : a heterogeneous relational capital source of competitive advantage". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://theses.univ-amu.fr.lama.univ-amu.fr/210712_PERRIN_853ra674hrcue392qe202wds_TH.pdf.
Texto completoTrust may play an intra-organizational coordination role, source of economic performance. We investigate the pivotal role of management between employees and shareholders expectations. We adhere to social exchange theory positioning management as an initiator of trust, that - when aggregated at the organizational level into a relational capital - constitutes a source of competitive advantage. We consider Great Place To Work® rankings based on trust as an accurate empirical field. We combine three different databases to conduct research at the individual level, and we aggregate data at the organizational level to conduct longitudinal research (i.e., over 5 years). First, we proceed with an exploratory factor analysis to introduce a new trust in management scale. Second, we cluster trust in management into a relational capital and proceed with hierarchical linear modelling to conclude that best workplaces generate more heterogeneous capital than organizations that did not make the list. Third, we rely on a random sample to address endogeneity issues and identify organizations experiencing above-normal levels of relational capital. We conduct propensity score matchings to compare their return on assets with similar organizations. We find that organizations with above-normal levels of relational capital outperform their competitors. We contribute to a silent literature on heterogeneous relational capital as a source of competitive advantage. Research implications are addressed to improve management actions towards employees. Finally, our findings and limitations call for future research on the role of managers, generating a heterogeneous relational capital
Winter, Anne. "Figures du lien social chez les adolescents mineurs de justice : clinique de l’échange et construction paritaire". Rennes 2, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00451929/fr/.
Texto completoFor several decades now, the oedipian paradigm is playing of his effects, since the moment that understanding the problematic of delinquency during adolescence is questioned. It is normally reference for theoretical and practical models, leading politics about judicial, educational and therapeutic cares. Though, a part of clinic leads us to notice some deadlocks in some subjects which reiterate transgressions. The aim of this study is to highlight sliding of paradigm that we can engage in response to the following question: how teenagers, minors in justice, can make social link to emerge and maintain it? The hypothesis put forward consist in assuming that these ones are no more homogeneous but heterotopics. It is emerging in this way, during pubertal, a new geography of the link grappling with process of otherness, even more of equality, based on exchange where generation, immanence and ethics prevails over genealogy, transcendence and morality. The research methodology elaborates and applies to minors in justice allowed us to draw a teenage mythical construction centred on: existential position in relation to the other, construction of the other as plural, exchange as space of proscriptions, and the obligo in his equivocity. These dimensions are a result of lack of meeting between subject and institutions, which encourage us to review conditions for more efficient cares
Béhue, Virginie. "L'approche expérimentale en théorie du choix social". Caen, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004CAEN0619.
Texto completoLonguépée, Daniel. "Théorie des droits de propriété, aliénabilité et ordre social". Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0055.
Texto completoGrataloup, Daniel. "Architecture-sculpture : théorie, projets et réalisations". Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010531.
Texto completoZhao, Xingyu. "Etude de quelques axiomes de la théorie du choix social". Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0640.
Texto completoBrunel-Petron, Anne. "Contribution à l'analyse des droits en théorie du choix social". Caen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998CAEN0580.
Texto completoThis thesis, + contribution to the analysis of rights in social choice theory ; intrduces novel approaches to adress fundamental questions of rights of individuals, and how these rights should relate with the rights and views of others. As a way to accomplish this goal, this thesis emphasizes the seminal paradox of amartya sen. In a particular clear fashion, sen's paradox identifies a basic conflict between individual rights and the pareto principle. (the pareto principle states that the obvious must happen when there is unanimous agreement on the ranking of a pair. ) using a result from the literature (saari (1998)), this thesis identifies and explains the technical reason why conflict must arise in these rights issues of the sen-type. A theorem is proposed, with an assumption that restores the information concerning the consodered assumptions. These conclusions make this thesis pregressing toward another view of rights, different from the absolute one defined by sen. The theme of + categories of rights ; is then explored with barrett and salles. It provides an axiomatic system. At this stage, a more general framework is proposed ; a framework which intends to address and relate these and more general isuues. This goal id obtained by a structure which permits to explore the resolutions in term of rights and their interactions
Mercier, Hugo. "La théorie argumentative du raisonnement". Phd thesis, Ecole pratique des hautes études - EPHE PARIS, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00396731.
Texto completoBadirou, Daoud. "Essai sur quelques aspects de la notion de pouvoir en théorie des jeux et en théorie du choix social". Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN0643.
Texto completoDurand, Sylvain. "Sur quelques paradoxes en théorie du choix social et en décision multicritère". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006743.
Texto completoHouy, Nicolas. "De la stabilité des procédures et constitutions en théorie du choix social". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010028.
Texto completoDuhamel, David. "Les nouvelles théories du contrat social et la théorie du choix rationnel". Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010048.
Texto completoLahrach, Rahhal. "Essai en théorie du choix social : pouvoir, paradoxes et règles de vote". Caen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CAEN0650.
Texto completoThis thesis analyzes two types of decision processes. Firstly, we study the decision-making within the Kyoto protocol by applying the game theory and in particular the power indices. We evaluatethe power of Kyoto protocol Parties while taking into account various scenarios. Secondly, research concerns a local decision process. The French cantonal elections illustrate the difficulties of a fairrepresentation of the citizens because of the conflict which can exist between direct and indirect vote. We mobilize for the study of this problem the tools of social choice theory. After having identified the departments for which the phenomenon of the reversed majority emerges, and determined its empirical frequency, we proceed to a comparison with the theoretical results. We try thereafter to determine the causes of the referendum paradox in the cantonal elections. Finally, we evaluate various possible voting procedures for these elections
Friederich, Renan. "La sécurité juridique : confrontation entre théorie générale du droit et droit social". Paris 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA020073.
Texto completoMartin, Neil. "Echange et obligation : vers une théorie générale de la promesse ?" Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009IEPP0030.
Texto completoThe notion of promise illustrates a paradox about the rationality of cooperation. What remains a largely unresolved problem from the standpoint of rational choice theory –the issue of second-party commitment, can receive a simple and immediate solution at the practical level. There are many ways through which this gap between the theory and practice of cooperation can be reduced, however they put different emphasis on individual rationality and social interaction and thus cannot easily be fitted into a common analytical framework. The study of promise follows two main lines of enquiry: an economic and social approach which treats it as a process of exchange and a moral approach which defines it as a process of obligation. Building a more comprehensive theory of promise implies that these two approaches can be reconciled in order to provide the most complete and coherent picture possible of the reasons motivating cooperation in the context of an interpersonal and asymmetric relation. Comparing different models of theory of promise highlights the fact that two distinct logics of action, one conventional the other personal, coexist within a same practice and the interplay between them contributes to explain its robustness. It also brings to light the diversity of mechanisms that cooperation relies on and the close and complex relationship they imply between the notion of convention –defined as a coordination equilibrium– and two types of norm, social or judicial norms of reciprocity and a moral norm of obligation. This overall picture argues in favour of an eclectic approach to cooperation which takes both strategic and normative considerations into account
Picard, Robert. "Pratique et théorie du retour d'expérience en management". Phd thesis, Ecole Polytechnique X, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003048.
Texto completoGouhier, Sébastien. "Essai d'une théorie générale de la responsabilité en droit administratif". Le Mans, 2000. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2000/2000LEMA2002.pdf.
Texto completoThe generosity of the French system of public responsibility has taken place to the detriment of some overall theoretical logic. However, considering the historical development of French law which has become a model in terms of protecting victims -despite the archaic argument of sovereignty ; considering also natural law from a social point of view, it seems possible to keep the consistency of the whole system. The coming into place of the general principle of responsibility of public administration has been, in France, the result of a will from judges and the administration itself, fonder direct pressure from the people and the vital need to maintain and develop public services. Thus, the ultimate idea behind the concept of public responsibility as well as the justification for a special law to determine where public administration may be held liable lies as follows : public power is responsible for not keeping the promises made in the social contract imposing compensation for the increasing hazards inherent to the development of life in society and to public interventions. So, the responsibility of public administration entails political functions. Namely, to legitimate the action of the welfare state and to largely insure citizens against social hazards- This responsibility is based upon the need for security and for tl}e solidarity implemented by the right to equality and fairness as stated in the social contract. Consequently, the legal functions of this responsibility have to be the punitive responsibility and the insuring responsibility. The terms and conditions of such responsibility would still be the commitment of a wrong by public power, and its limits would be the necessary infringement of rights determined with reference to thé prejudicial constraints that one may undergo when living in society
Hariri, Nizar. "Une approche critique du capital social : "travail" et "interaction" dans la théorie sociale". Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10045.
Texto completoBayart, Philippe. "Éducation et valorisation à Cuba : Théorie et application". Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00363710.
Texto completoAh-Pine, Julien. "Sur des aspects algébriques et combinatoires de l'analyse relationnelle : applications en classification automatique, en théorie du choix social et en théorie des tresses". Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066552.
Texto completoMoisan, Frédéric. "The bonds of society : an interdisciplinary study of social rationality". Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2090/.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to study the underlying principles of human rationality in social interactions as an attempt to bridge the gap between individually egoistic behavior and social cooperation. For this purpose, I first present a logical analysis of the role of knowledge in the context of sequential games. More precisely, I use modal logic to formally model agents' reasoning about strategies and knowledge, and investigate Aumann's well known theorem stating that backward induction in perfect information games can be derived from the assumption of common knowledge of individual rationality. The next chapter focuses on studying the nature of social relationships as a possible explanation of human cooperative behavior. After providing a basic definition of social ties, I then introduce a novel theoretical model built upon the main hypothesis that such relationships directly influence the players' preferences. In order to investigate this claim, I first propose a theoretical analysis of a new kind of coordination game, which allows to disentangle predictions from theories based on self-interest, social preferences, and social ties. I then validate the proposed model of social ties through an experimental study involving subjects who share some genuine bonds with one another. Finally, I present a generalization of this model as a means to formally represent rational cooperative behavior in strategic interactions possibly involving more than two individuals. In this case, I illustrate the existing similarities and differences with Bacharach's well known theory of team reasoning
Eraly, Alain. "Le social dé-réifié: contribution à une théorie de la structuration des pratiques sociales". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213658.
Texto completoSagliocco, Michel. "Le statut social des détenus : contribution à une théorie générale des droits des détenus". Paris 10, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA100129.
Texto completoA typological analysis of prisoners’ rights with respect to three major sources: civil rights, penitential law, social legislation. A general review of law cases, available since 1945, connected to detention. A review of detention policies in use between 1975 and 1986; emphasis on precepts regarding rehabilitation as defined by "l'école de défense sociale nouvelle". Conclusion: civil status considered as the core of prisoners’ legal condition has not yet induced the actual implementation of a holly cohesive legal status. A further evolution is to be seen in a process of harmonization between legal systems of e. E. C. Countries and development of case law as ruled by the European court and human rights
Piana, Daniela. "Formes de la rationalité et changement social : pour une théorie cognitiviste de la rationalité". Paris 4, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA040024.
Texto completoNikolova, Radoslava. "Essais en Théorie des Organisations : Incitations et Structure des Organisations". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier I, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00003401.
Texto completoRommevaux, Sabine. "Théorie des rapports (XIIIe - XVIe siècles) : réception, assimilation, innovation". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université François Rabelais - Tours, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00256732.
Texto completoLécrivain, Valérie. "Théorie des rapports de dépendance personnelle en Mélanésie : approche comparative". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0115.
Texto completoPichet, Eric. "Essai d’une théorie générale des dépenses socio-fiscales". Thesis, Paris 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA020075.
Texto completoSichman, Jaime Simao. "Du raisonnement social chez les agents : une approche fondée sur la théorie de la dépendance". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1995. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005063.
Texto completoSichman, Jaime Simao. "Du raisonnement social chez les agents : une approche fondée sur la théorie de la dépendance". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1995. https://theses.hal.science/tel-00005063.
Texto completoThis thesis presents the model of a social reasoning mechanism based on dependence theory. This model enables an agent to reason about the others, in particular to calculate his dependence relations and dependence situations. An agent is said to be dependent on another if the latter can help/prevent him to achieve one of his goals. We consider our social reasoning mechanism as an essential building block for the design of really autonomous artificial agents, which are immersed in an open multi-agent world. By open, we mean that agents may enter or leave the agency at any moment. In such systems, as the organisation of the agents can not be conceived at design time, the cooperative problem solving paradigm is based on dynamic coalition formation. In this context, agents must be able to adapt themselves to dynamically changing conditions, by evaluating at execution time if their goals are achievable and if their plans are feasible. As we do not suppose that agents are benevolent, our model proposes a criterion to evaluate which partners are more susceptible to accept a proposition of coalition. Finally, as in these kind of systems agents usually do not have a complete and correct representation of each other, our model helps them to detect an agency level inconsistency and to choose a context to be maintained. We have implemented our social reasoning mechanism using an object-oriented approach, and we have used it to develop two applications, the DEPNET simulator and the DEPINT system, which illustrate respectively its usage in two different scientific perspectives. On one hand, concerning social simulation, our model provides a computational tool for the analysis and prediction of the occurrence of several interesting patterns of social interactions, and for the evaluation of the agents' social power. On the other hand, with respect to problem solving, our model can be used to design dynamic agents' organizations in a context of open multi-agent systems
Hajdenko-Marshall, Catherine. "Walter Bagehot (1826-1877) : théorie politique et constitutionnelle". Paris 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA030078.
Texto completoDang, The Anh. "Analysis of community in social networks". Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA132043.
Texto completoDufourg, Burg Christophe. "Contribution théorique et application de la géopolitique et de la théorie des jeux aux études polémologiques : l'Irak et le Moyen-Orient arabe : 1968-1990". Paris 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA010295.
Texto completoEvery country has the history of its geography. Yet in epistemological terms, spatial determinism is an overly simplified mechanistic hypothesis. Geopolitical parameters, taken as a whole, are chaotic. Based on their culture and projects, men give them a specific form : the representation of territory. As a legitimate prejudice, geopolitical representation helps define a spatial interval (the playing field) and a temporal interval (a period of time). From this, despite limits imposed by incomplete information, different game cultures, restrictive choices, etc. , it is possible to construct repeated, noncooperative, 2 x 2 and static games in order to standardise the geostrategies of inder dependent players. To illustrate these theoretical hypotheses, we have selected a playing field: the Arab middle east, a pivotal state : Iraq, and a period of time : 1968-1990. The reader must keep in mind that these game models built on the basis of a continuous quantitative variable (arms spending) are only one part of the reality, because there are a number of qualitative determining factors (cultural, religious, ethnic, sociological, etc. ) which do not easily lend themselves to expression in mathematical terms
Teimourzadeh, Aria. "L'impact des réseaux sociaux numériques professionnels sur l’attractivité organisationnelle : une approche par la théorie du capital social". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAG006.
Texto completoThis research work addresses the impact of professional social networks on the organizational attractiveness as an employer. Despite the complexity and diversity of studies on social networks both theoretical and practical regarding the way the members of professional social networks interact, the studies related to organizational attractiveness and membership identification in the context of e-recruitment is scarce remains limited. In this research, the social capital theory has been considered in order to better understand the impact of social identity, social trust, virtual word of mouth, the social networking platform and the mediating role of information quality on organizational attractiveness as an employer. In addition to the literature review, a first complementary study was carried out on the basis of 8 semi-directive interviews with human resources managers to obtain their opinions on the various stakeholders who integrate the use of these networks in their practices. A quantitative study was carried out on the basis of 288 individuals currently living in France and Canada who are present on professional online social networks in order to measure the impact of identified factors that influence the organizational attractiveness. The obtained results allowed us to understand the importance of social networking, the attractiveness of social networks sites and also the mediating effect of information quality on the organizational attractiveness as an employer, organizational prestige and intention of individuals to pursue job offers on these platforms
Cusset, François. "L' invention de la théorie française : le cas de sémiotexte et le transfert culturel transatlantique". Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100135.
Texto completoAs a strictly american category, french theory was made into a specific (and groundbreaking) pratical and cognitive object within the academia - primorily in the field of literary studies - and secondarily by certain groups of users, from the art world to some internet communities. It revolves around a canon of translated works from so-called 'post-structuralist' french authors (from Foucault to Derrida, Lyotard, Deleuze and Baudrillard). Focusing on the case-study of New-York-based semiotext(e) ( a pioneering journal and publishing house founded by Sylvère Lotringer), four successive steps are followed to unveil the features of french theory as a communicational process and cultural transfer : a look at how it was constructed as a set of discourses and media contents, an analysis of its various readings and interpretations, an attempt at relating its actual mediations to the concept of 'lifeworlds', and a final grasp of its systemic function within america's intellectual attention space. The role of additional mediators, from university presses to art galleries, is confronted to Semiotext(e)'s. The overall approach is the pragmatics and hermeneutics of communication, while 'cognitive ecology', media analysis and 'translinguistics' shed some additional light on the process of how and why french theory was invented in the US
Amblard, Marc. "Le concept d'entité comptable : une interprétation par la théorie des conventions". Phd thesis, Université du Sud Toulon Var, 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00267173.
Texto completoAussi, après avoir présenté les perspectives historiques et réglementaires de l'entité comptable, une premier titre se propose de décrire, dans une approche constructiviste, les différents regards qu'on peut lui porter ainsi que les dysfonctionnements liés aux divergences perceptuelles. La théorie de l'agence nous donne ainsi l'occasion de saisir les facteurs qui aboutirent à la suprématie d'un modèle particulier de l'entité comptable, celui du propriétaire. En revanche, elle nous semble inapte à expliquer certaines de ses évolutions.
Le parti est alors pris dans un second titre d'adopter un nouvel outil théorique capable d'éclairer la construction comptable de l'entité et ses transformations. Il s'agit plus précisément de présenter la théorie des conventions comme une alternative au paradigme contractualiste. Nous découvrons ainsi que toute convention comptable est une procédure collective identifiable par sa conformation.
Toutefois, la régularité qui caractérise la convention n'exclut en rien son évolution. Une esquisse de théorie sur la dynamique conventionnaliste permet alors de comprendre que les conventions qui déterminent l'entité comptable et ses frontières, s'inscrivent dans un mouvement inéluctable. Certes, la résistance des règles établies est envisageable, mais la comptabilité est aussi un système qui présente la particularité de s'adapter. Or si certains utilisateurs souffrent de ce qu'ils estiment être des dysfonctionnements de l'entité comptable, il est probable, que les conventions qui la fondent se verront tôt ou tard remises en cause. La lutte qui s'en suivra pourra éventuellement donner le jour à de nouvelles conventions, et donc à une entité remodelée. De nombreux indices nous invitent même à considérer que le processus est déjà bien engagé.
Laski, Gary. "Le design : Théorie esthétique de l'histoire industrielle". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00713124.
Texto completoAtzenhoffer, Jean-Philippe. "Evolution, social norms, and the sustainability of common property resources". Strasbourg, 2011. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2011/ATZENHOFFER_Jean-Philippe_2011.pdf.
Texto completoNumerous natural common-pool resources such as fisheries, forests, or pastures, are facing overexploitation pressure. To understand the underlying reasons of resource degradation, economists have extensively used concepts of standard game theory. Yet, many empirical and experimental studies have shown that resource exploiters do not always behave according to the Nash predictions. In addition to the standard analysis, evolutionary game theory represents a useful and relevant tool to model human behaviour. By assuming that agents adapt progressively their behaviour, notably through imitation, it becomes possible to account for results obtained in the empirical and experimental literature. Basically, this thesis contains three applications of evolutionary game theory to the problem of the commons (chapter 4, 5 and 6). In the first one, we propose a model which explains situations where common resources are severely overexploited, even to a larger extend than the Nash prediction. In a second model, we show that extractive pressures can be restrained when agents have the possibility to sanction those who overexploit. In the third model, we study how local communities can limit their exploitation level by setting up a system of private property rights over the resource
Walsh, Isabelle. "La théorie de la toupie : Une approche culturelle des usages des technologies de l’information". Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090049.
Texto completoIn this dissertation, we propose the Spinning Top Theory which, through a conceptualization of culture at the individual level, allows us to capture the cultural dimension of IT-usage(s) studied through the lens of IT-culture at group level. We define and study the concept of IT-culture that we propose to apply and assess with the help of a construct we name IT-acculturation. We model this construct and propose a measure for it. This allows us to propose a new model of IT-usage(s) which integrates its(their) cultural dimension. We understand IT-usage(s) as a cultural phenomenon, socially constructed at multiple levels, and structured through a progressive IT-acculturation
Besoin, Sandra. "L'athéisme des psychanalystes : les acceptions du terme athéisme dnas la théorie psychanalytique". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00718535.
Texto completoMessonnet, Odile. "La performance des entreprises. Une approche par la théorie des conventions". Rouen, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ROUEL372.
Texto completoSmaoui, Hatem. "Contributions à la théorie du choix social : études axiomatiques et analyse probabiliste des classements par points". Caen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007CAEN0644.
Texto completoToualbi, Radia. "Modèles conjugaux et représentations culturelles des jeunes en Algérie : contribution à la théorie du changement social". Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H103.
Texto completoSince its accession to the national independence (1962), algeria is as ballotated between divergent identity temptations nourished by contradictory ideological tendencies which are in constant confliects when they are not mutually neutralized. While these ideological conflicts (conflictual values) create identity confusion in the collective subjectivities due to contradictory prescriptions of two cultures in competition (social biculturalism). The official recognition of the industrial culture as a mean towards development and social progress, is insidiously shakled by a whole set of values belonging to the ancient culture in ordor to block or at least to delay the intented development. Beside this general problem which studies the consequences of the acculturation both from psychosociological and clinical points of view, we wanted to study thoroughly the cultural representations which are held by youth regarding the mariage in the light of the different conflicts that are generated by contradictory values to the extend of laceration sometimes. Four investigations with different methodological orientations were undertaken in ordor to identify and to understand the psychosociological process as related to identity formation in a complicated of social change
Mlaiki, Alya. "Compréhension de la continuité d'utilisation des réseaux sociaux numériques : Les apports de la théorie du don". Phd thesis, Université Paris Dauphine - Paris IX, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00794930.
Texto completoReiffers-Masson, Alexandre. "Compétition sur la visibilité et la popularité dans les réseaux sociaux en ligne". Thesis, Avignon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AVIG0210/document.
Texto completoThis Ph.D. is dedicated to the application of the game theory for the understanding of users behaviour in Online Social Networks. The three main questions of this Ph.D. are: " How to maximize contents popularity ? "; " How to model the distribution of messages across sources and topics in OSNs ? "; " How to minimize gossip propagation and how to maximize contents diversity? ". After a survey concerning the research made about the previous problematics in chapter 1, we propose to study a competition over visibility in chapter 2. In chapter 3, we model and provide insight concerning the posting behaviour of publishers in OSNs by using the stochastic approximation framework. In chapter 4, it is a popularity competition which is described by using a differential game formulation. The chapter 5 is dedicated to the formulation of two convex optimization problems in the context of Online Social Networks. Finally conclusions and perspectives are given in chapter 6
Duclos, Harmony. "Théorie de l'esprit et connaissances sociales dans la maladie d'Alzheimer et la démence sémantique". Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMC031.
Texto completoSocial cognition refers to a set of processes working interactively that allows to behave appropriately in the social world. Theory of mind (TOM) is considered to be the central element of social cognition, but the links between its different processes are still poorly understood. TOM’s abilities are used daily through interpersonal relationships, but the effect of the context on TOM remains poorly explored. The main aim of this thesis was to study both TOM and social knowledge, as well as the links between them. Our results highlight how the ability to attribute mental states is modulated by the context and more specifically by the integrity of social knowledge in Alzheimer's disease and semantic dementia. Patients’ disorders may have a different origin depending on their brain lesions. Therefore, social cognition could be a useful element in the differential diagnosis for neurodegenerative diseases
Noske, Roland. "La réanalyse historique comme outil de validation des théories". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00274630.
Texto completoEn ce qui concerne l'allemand, nous montrons que notre analyse de 1992 est confirmée par les donnée historiques. Dans cette annalyse, le comportement différent d'adjectifs d'une part et de verbes et de substantif d'autres part était analysé comme étant le résultat de l'existence d'un morphème adjectival sous forme de schwa. par des données historiques. Dans l'histoire de l'allemand on voit naître le comportement différent de schwa en ce qui concerne les adjectifs.
En ce qui concerne le r instrusif en anglais, nous montrons que l'analyse d'Anttila et Cho (1968) dans le cadre de la Théorie d'optimalité présente de sérieux problèmes comparée à l'analyse d'inversion de règles de Vennemann (1972) : elle n'explique ni le fait que les segments effacés et insérés sont identiques, ni le fait qu'il s'agit précisément de r (oude n dans un cas pareil en du néerlandais). En outre, la spécificité des contextes des
deux processus est ignorée.
Boily, Pierre-Yves. "Les paradoxes du travail social en regard de la théorie de la complexité : comment recréer le travail social au-delà de ses aberrations". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25303.
Texto completoThe object of this thesis is to examine the philosophy of Social Work, its paradigms and contradictory values. Shedding new light on the premises put forth by practitioners, often too implicitly, along with the day-to-day ethical struggles and organisational constraints which they face has allowed for a new dimension of thought on the very definition of Social Work. Do the contradictions and paradoxes reflected in the values, practices, and definitions of Social Work make any sense? Are there any other options than to denounce or even assume such double-binds as the expected load of social workers? Our observation: Social Work as a profession and as a discipline lacks a framework that would allow interactions to take place between interventions, ethics, and paradigms. Disembodied ethics, theoretical frameworks lost in the shuffle as well as an instrumentation of practices are but a few of the examples showing how such deficit manifests. Local, national, and international definitions and praxis have made several unsuccessful attempts to establish a common paradigm that would be conducive to the full integration of practices and values. We submit that the Complexity Theory offers an epistemology that allows understanding, integrating, and going beyond the ethical and practical contradictions and paradoxes specific to Social Work. In light of the definition put forward by Richard Ramsay, the Complexity Theory is further tested in understanding, integrating, and transcending the paradoxes arising from Social Work practices and praxis. In a discussion involving the various types of practices, ethical discourses, and paradigms addressed in Social Work, the Complexity Theory takes paradoxes that could limit the scope of Social Work and transforms them into an essential professional force. This is our contribution to the debate on the definition of Social Work. Keywords: Social Work, paradoxes, Complexity, definition, ethics, paradigms, theoretical frameworks.
Lavoie, Daniel. "Stress au travail : stratégies de coping et santé mentale chez le personnel de soutien : une extension de la théorie de John Holland". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7646.
Texto completoGalois, Isabelle. "La fidélité des intérimaires à l'Entreprise de Travail Temporaire : une approche par la théorie de l'échange social". Lyon 3, 2006. https://scd-resnum.univ-lyon3.fr/out/theses/2006_out_galois_i.pdf.
Texto completoThe emerging flexible job market modifies considerably the setup of the labor market segment. In France, temporary work companies have become major players and mandatory partners acting in the work trade ring. They try to figure out how to develop the loyalty of their best employees. Temporary workers loyalty appears to be an oxymoron : the relationship between temporary workers and their temp agency is by essence instable and discontinued. We support the idea in our study that perceived organizational support develops a positive effect on temporary workers affective bonding to their organization. As far as social exchange theory is concerned (Blau, 1964), based on the theory of gift exchange (Mauss, 1950), the loyalty of temporary workers to their employer would be based on mutual commitment, trust and reciprocity bonds