Tesis sobre el tema "Technique et civilisation – Cuba"
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Calderón, Beltrán Natalia. "Technocontestations à Cuba : réparations, réappropriations et usages alternatifs de la technique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA080005.
This dissertation aims to understand the processes of resilience in the technical field in Cuba. I postulate that a specific technical culture has been forged. This culture was fostered by the superstructural elements linked to revolutionary ideology, but it is also dependent on a history of various technical breakthroughs (i.e the change in technical standards with the mass arrival of Soviet aircraft, material shortages linked to the restrictions of the Bloqueo on the transport of products and spare parts to repair the existing fleet and the sudden disappearance of Soviet factories and objects and spare parts produced, etc.). I have identified tactics put in to ensure that daily life can continue and I have referred to them as "technocontestations". The genesis of these practices is to be understood on a macro scale, by analyzing state strategies to fight imperialism on the one hand, and on the other hand, from below, by looking at popular tactics in everyday life whose origin can be found in a much more ancient form of mètis. The dialectic between these two scales, macro and micro, seemed to me to be the starting point for thinking about a regime of contestation in the technical sphere. I postulate, alongside Jacques Ellul and Andrew Feenberg, that the technical sphere constitutes an increasingly autonomous space and that the study of tools and objects allows us to have a grip on the contesting practices of the Technician System. Focusing on observing appropriations, repairs and reappropriations are all elements to be taken into account in order to understand this register of struggle and the modalities of resistance and how these can be exported to other fields
MWAMBA, MPUTU MUKOLE. "Metamorphose de la technique, civilisation et apocalypse. Archeologie et prospective sur les conditions des sciences et techniques dans une societe responsable". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998STR20038.
Technology was the extension of man in a natural system. It served him as an instrument that freed him the contraints of nature. In the technical system, technology is beginning to enslave man. Through him it has been able to encroach upon the natural sphere which it has finally desacralized in order to sanctify itself. Ever since technoscience has begun to rule from the heart of society like a goddes which is actualy worshipped. The outline of a civilization has appeared in this society which has become technological and hedonistic : the technological civilization. The eminent danger of an apocalypse similair to the ancien diluvian catastrophes are manifesting themselves. This danger is increasing in conjunction with the technical progress which is indispensable to socio-economic demands. This dilemma leads us to recommend ways and means susceptible of allowing this technological society to emerge from this dead-end, to know : - it must first of all rethink its responsiblity ; - then, it must accept the renewal of its ties with nature, - or it must succeed in practising an ethical technology ; - to finally provide itself with the need to reconstruct new scientific disciplines which gravitate around ethical science
Bouffartigue, Sylvie. "Le Roman des guerres de l'indépendance de Cuba : 1898-1951". Paris 8, 2000. http://octaviana.fr/document/11210648X#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Heinonen, Sirkka. "Prometheus revisited : human interaction with nature through technology in Seneca /". Helsinski : Societas scientiarum Fennica, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37122812m.
Thiaudière, Cyril. "Etude technique et typologique de la bijouterie ptolémaïque et romaine d'Egypte". Limoges, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIMO2013.
Nascimento, Susana. "L' automate et son "indépendance" : vers la reconnaissance d'un objet technique". Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010681.
Haché, Etienne. "Langage et action chez Hannah Arendt : pour comprendre la technique comme impasse au projet éthique et politique contemporain". Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT5003.
Maalaoui, Jamila. "Perceptions, influences et transferts mutuels entre la civilisation arabo-musulmane et la civilisation occidentale chrétienne : l’exemple de la céramique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA080060.
The scientific and cultural transfers between the muslim Orient and the Christian Western civilisation have evolved unevenly. Indeed, with the advance of Islam, the transfers between the two in the field of science, philosophy and Hellenistic art had known a rare intensity. It is on this basis that that the Arab-Muslim culture developed its own identity. Their close relation with the Western civilisation favored a most fruitful exchange which varied according to the different geographical regions (the city-state of Jerusalem, Maghreb, Andalucia, central Europe and naval exchanges). This exchange would continue to intensify across the Middle Ages only to gradually lessen. In the 12th Century a second intense period of translation allowed the Christian West to acquire the knowledge of Arab science and philosophy and through this the Hellensitic bases which founded the renaissance and on a long term basis, European rationalism. A particular attention is dedicated in this thesis to ceramic, used as a marker of the differing deep and intense trends, which were, what is less well known, more even than one once thought. The example of Majolica is exemplary, the ramifications of which extend to Latin America
Mohebbi, Parviz. "Ressources et techniques en Iran médiéval : le premier machinisme". Paris, EHESS, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993EHES0321.
The thesis concentrates on two aspects of iran's medieval history. Firstly, it covers the technique background and secondly, the machinery employed. In the first part, the material resources - wood, fuels (perol and coal), stone and water-are closely examined. The attainement of these materails weighed heavily on the iranian technical system. Furthermore, the transport of these same materials was neither easy nor economical. The second part studies the hydraulic wheel, the mills and their role in industry, the grinding machines and finally the mecanical clock. The thesis illustrates that iran was made up of various technique enclaves, each using different machinery and none communicating with one another. Indeed, this emphasizes the information difficulties of the period owing to the constant political changes, and the subsequent consequences for the technical progress
Cichy, Bernard. "Recherches autour de l'objet artisanal et de l'objet industriel". Bordeaux 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BOR30036.
The point is to show that we have moved from a consumerist society of the famous “thirty glorious years” (in the occidental area), to a type of neo-consumerist or post-consumerist society of the last thirty years through the materialization and the production of craft and industrial objects. While showing the different realities of these states through art, craft and design, I will show the birth of new concepts, new human behaviours, new or fake mythologies linked to the object. The objects stemmend from an industrial and still artisanal society oscillates between these two fabrication modes while it’s purpose value, refracted and absorbed by the consumer – actor, models new attitudes and shapes a new society, this time open. The core of the thesis will try to prove the asserted illusion of a society centered on industrial object to the detriment of a craft object, through the perceptible instalment, juxtaposition of system of thoughts, fabrication and creation leaving freedom between craft and industry. So, we will try to put forward the building of creation an “artisanial” or industrianal” objectology, purely obvious barbarism, to give an account of the ground realities and the multiple sides of creation applied to object. We will eventually understand the process or conception and fabrication methods in order to recenter our main reflection on the validity of an understanding between two worlds. On the one hand, that of industry and on the other hand, that of craft which overlap, penetrate, interfere with each other. It is with envy and respect that these two universe observe and borrow each other certain representation and fabrication codes, certain values through the subtle game of exchanges and compromises inside an economic system of our contemporanean societies and worlds
Meyer, Jean-Baptiste. "La dynamique de la demande dans l'innovation : études de cas sur sa définition et son action par les réseaux socio-techniques". Paris, ENMP, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992ENMP0343.
Chifflet, Stéphanie. "Le récit de la convergence NBIC : vers une nouvelle cosmogonie ?" Grenoble 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008GRE39058.
Discourses about NBIC convergence (convergence between nanotechnology, biotechnology, information technology and cognitive science) have a symbolic dimension and depend on an inherited mythic thought. In order to strike the underlying stakes of new technologies, it is essential to know their imaginary aspects. Indeed, sciences and technics (what we call technologies) are constituted, like every human praxis, by ambivalent images and desires. By adopting a long term view and positioning the technological domain in the long cultural history, we try, in this work, to define the outlines of a technological imagination in progress. The NBIC convergence narration (which is also a game of images) brings about mythical reminiscences. Moreover, in our opinion, the "great story" about NBIC convergence (which is presented like a paradigmatic revolution) is an actualization of the cosmogonic myth. With its main themes (mastery and manipulation of the matter, human transformation, portraits made of scientists as new heroes, immortality), NBIC story appears like the modern expression of a demiurgic challenge that the mankind is tempted to take up, becoming himself the actor of a new religion: the technological religion
Tiemtoré, W. Zacharia. "Technologies de l'information et de la communication, éducation et post-développement en Afrique : entre mythe de la technique et espoirs de progrès au Burkina Faso /". Paris : l'Harmattan, 2008. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb41237464m.
Massacrier, Christel. "Au-delà du corps sexué : une lecture psychanalytique du transhumanisme". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0276.
We propose here to make an original reading of a modern myth, that of transhumanism that predicts the overtaking of Homo sapiens by a new species, the posthuman. It is a myth that crossed the twentieth century by adapting to its changes to meet at the beginning of the twenty-first century in the hands of Internet giants, this essential tool of our time from which it participate fully in the overhaul of the mentalities and values on which our modern societies are based. It is this discreet but effective influence of the transhumanistic ideal in our daily lives that we propose to study here as the paradigm of the creation of the postmodern subject, whose arbitrary birth we will pose during the first transsexual operations in the years to come. 1950, and whose characteristics that will interest us mainly here are the fluidity of the body and identity. We will meet a subject under the influence of the discourse of science at the crossroads of the increasingly large infiltration of our societies by what has become medical technoscience on the one hand and the computerization of the world on the other hand, two phenomena on which largely relies the transhumanist ideology of an « augmented man » who could very well be particularly diminished
Ardiccioni, Renzo. "Culture cybernétique en Italie : histoire et perspectives". Rennes 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000REN20048.
Our research on cyberculture in Italy, from former future up to next future, is a travel all around this country and its development, its changes, and challenges. Starting from the concept of communication-space, our study is also and introduction to contemporary Italy -its new way of life and its new culture- following the advent of the new media. The explosion of techno-communication in Italy is an event without precedent, that upsets the cultural traditions of this country still marked by the rhetoric and a restricted dialectic kind of strapaese-stracittà. Nevertheless, we could even find in that modern country -now open to several messages while moving to new unknown physical and mental frontiers- many former strong local references. We found some of these in the Futurist movement, to which we devoted a large part of our research. We went throughout Futurism to find some important landmarks, which allowed the techno-communication change as well as the evolution in the perception of the Italian identity
Tiemtoré, Windpouiré Zacharia Albero Brigitte Balima Théophile Serge. "Les technologies de l'information et de la communication dans l'éducation en Afrique subsaharienne". Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199259/fr.
Philippart, Eric. "Sciences, technologie et société: cornucopians contre doomsdaywriters aux Etats-Unis". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212742.
On'Okundji, Okavu Ekanga Blaise. "Ethique négro-africaine et technoscience moderne : défi pour des nouvelles orientations dans l'Afrique contemporaine". Lyon 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO31004.
Deep-rooted in "live metaphysics", the holiotic dimension of the negro-african universe, made of synergy and intelligence, convergence and membrality - that is to say of reciprocal interaction happens to be strongly shaken in an africa that more and more chooses occidental science and technics as a means to get out of the deadloks of underdevelopment. Nevertheless these science and technics are not "falling from the sky". They bear a history, tradition and culture. But they also drain their myths, beliefs and blindness. So true is it that adopting, adapting or transferring to africa what we will call techno-science do not go without raising new challenges. The future of man will not be technoscientific. The development of africa will be less a matter of competence and material means than that of ethics. Africa must invent and create for itself new paradigms of significance and new meanings out of the action of articulating rationalities and through the dynamics of contaries promised to improvement and to pluridimensionality. The fundamental project will have been to answer this question : "wich science for which africa"? a question culminating in this other one : "which ethics in an africa in quest of an authentic development"?
Harfoush, Hanaa. "Mondialisation et nouvelles techniques de communication : approche sociologique et théorique à partir du cas de la jeunesse Syrienne". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH024/document.
This thesis will describe and analyze how young Syrian people could use the new techniques of information and communication. Firstly it describes the main characteristic of Syria on demographic economic political and cultural points of view. It underlines how the country has lately discovered the new technologies of communication in comparison with other Arabic countries. Then it presents the evolution of the sociology of mass media and communication and the main trends concerning the explication of the role of the web as a factor provoking the Arabic revolutions in 2010 and 2011. The text analyzes after the situation of the NTIC in Syria using quantitative information coming from different national and international reports. Then it presents the results of an inquiry organized through the web concerning a hundred or young Syrians who have answered to a large panel of opened or closed questions about the way they can use computers, web navigation and cellular phones. It underlines the differences between the generations, the genders and the different areas rural or urban concerning the use of the NTIC. The interest young people show for these techniques as a source of information is linked to the defiance concerning official media narrowly controlled by the regime. However, social networks in the context of the Syrian civil war trend to reinforce the religious and ethnic conflicts and young people use them essentially for leisure to forget the violence
Carnino, Guillaume. "L'invention de « la science » dans le second XIXe siècle : épistémologie, technologie, environnement, politique". Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0071.
"Modern science", being both pure and applied, emerges in France at the very beginning of the second industrialization, and replaces the prior "natural philosophy". Its prestige expands through various activities: World fairs, freethinkers, popular science, arts & literature, school, patent rights. . . This practical and theoretical reorganization of knowledge , is firmly connected to the structure of industrial production: scientists study in details craftsmen's "know-how" to create reproducible procedures for manufacturing. Reputed neutral and objective, science ideologically binds the progressive base of the French Third Republic: thereafter, any opposition to environmental, technological or social changes catalysed by this new regime is treated as a dangerous attitude hiding reactionary thoughts secretly rooted in a backward political agenda. Secular resistance to sacred science is subsequently considered inaccurate and excluded from the political sphere, in the same way as the religious beliefs Galileo battled with are mocked as false. Therefore, science must not be any more considered as an epistemological question, but rather as a intrinsically contradictory institution (since it is issued from a social compromise): attempts to theorize it as unified and non-historical concept always trigger the same conflicts that prevailed to its birth
Tiemtoré, Windpouiré Zacharia. "Les technologies de l’information et de la communication dans l’éducation en Afrique subsaharienne : du mythe à la réalité : le cas des écoles de formation des enseignants au Burkina Baso". Rennes 2, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00199259/fr/.
This research explores the consequences of introducing information and communication technologies (ICT) in the field of education in Sub-Saharan Africa. It seeks to identify, from a social policy perspective, the differences between the discourse adopted by differing social actors and actual field practice. The study is based on the integration of technologies in teacher training in Burkina Faso, where there are high levels of poverty and illiteracy. This work tries to show that the integration of the ICT in education, whose declared objective is to resolve structural, institutional and teaching problems, as well as reducing the socio-economic in-balance with other industrialized countries, is largely utopian, given the actual state of development in Burkina Faso – a utopia resulting from a mythical understanding of technology. After the presentation of the context of the research, (Chapter 1), the second chapter offers a review of the relevant literature and the theoretical approaches underpinning the research. Chapter 3 explains the methodology. The final chapter presents the results of the analysis, combining data from direct observation, official texts and interviews (25) with educators and politicians
Vivallo, Pinares Ángel Gabriel de María. "L'Agriculture et le peuple mapuche". Thesis, Paris, AgroParisTech, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AGPT0030/document.
This thesis demonstrates that, throughout history, before the Spanish conquestuntil the 21st Century, agriculture has been an important activity of the mapuchepeople. Research conducted points out the ability of the mapuche to resist andbattle against powerful and ferocious foes, and in addition, their intelligentadaptation to foreign invasions, including that of the State of Chile. The thesisdemonstrates the changes that took place in agriculture and the ability of themapuche people to innovate, since the Inca invasion in the 15th century, theSpanish conquest through the 16 to 19th centuries, and the Chilean occupationthat extends reaching the 21st century. At the start of the Spanish conquest,mapuches constituted people that autonomously occupied a territory, were fullysedentary, communities populated clearly delimited areas, and conductedagriculture of cultural subsistence, in addition to harvesting native vegetation,fishing and hunting. Society was matricially organized by lineages, by groups,had a cosmic view, culture and social organization. During the Colony, theyadopt and appropriate European technology, develop a powerful animalhusbandry that extends through the Argentinian pampa; this activity generates astrong and diversified commercial exchange between the mapuche territory andthe Kingdom of Chile, of animal products, handicrafts and food products.Exchange was unfavorable for the mapuche and had to be regulated throughparliaments. The Chilean Republic at first recognized the mapuche territories,but later, for reasons of economic expansion, occupies them through war.Mapuches resist and are defeated by the Chilean army that had recently wonthe Pacific Ocean War against Peru and Bolivia. The mapuche enter the 20thcentury deprived of 95% of their territory, almost the total of their powerfulanimal husbandry, their capital goods, machinery, equipment, annual andperennial crops. But above all, they are excluded, segregated, faced withassimilation and extermination strategies, they die from hunger, diseases andpests. The real historical debt of the State of Chile with the mapuche generatesat that point. Agrarian reforms, in particular that of the Popular Unity (1970-73)political government faces the problem of usurped lands and initiates solutions,later reversed by the Military Government (1973-90). Concertation forDemocracy governments (1990-2010), recognizes the specificities of themapuche people and partially solves land conflicts. At present, rural mapucheface powerful strategies of assimilation and cultural extermination; however, atthe rural communities’ level, the ability of the mapuche people to adapt tochanges, adequate, resist, and impose the basic terms of the conditionsnecessary to reconstruct themselves as a Chilean original people has becomeclearly evident
Esta tesis demuestra la existencia de la agricultura como actividad importantedel pueblo mapuche a través de la historia antes de la conquista hasta el sigloXXI. La investigación demuestra la capacidad de los mapuches para resistir ycombatir a enemigos poderosos y feroces y además la inteligente adaptación atodas las irrupciones extranjeras incluidas las del Estado de Chile. La tesismuestra los cambios en la agricultura y la capacidad del pueblo mapuche parainnovar, desde la invasión de los incas en el siglo XV, la conquista de losespañoles entre los siglos XVI y XIX y la ocupación chilena hasta llegar alsiglo XXI. Los mapuches al momento de la conquista española eran un puebloque ocupaba un territorio en forma autónoma en plena sedentarización, lascomunidades poblaban terrenos delimitados y desarrollaban agricultura desubsistencia cultural, además de la recolección, la pesca y la caza. La sociedadestaba organizada por linajes matricialmente, por grupos, tenían unacosmovisión, una cultura y una organización social. Durante la colonia, adoptany se apropian de tecnologías europeas, desarrollan una poderosa ganaderíaque se extiende por la pampa Argentina; esta actividad genera un fuerte ydiversificado intercambio comercial entre el territorio mapuche y el Reino deChile, de productos animales, artesanado y productos alimentarios. Elintercambio era desfavorable a los mapuches y debió ser regulado medianteparlamentos. La República comienza reconociendo los territorios mapuche,pero luego, por razones de expansión económica los ocupa a sangre y fuego.Los mapuche resisten y son derrotados por el ejército Chileno que ganó laguerra del Pacifico. Los mapuches entran al siglo XX despojados del 95% desus tierras de casi toda su poderosa ganadería, de sus bienes de capital,maquinas, equipos, arreos, siembras y plantaciones. Pero sobre todo sonexcluidos, segregados enfrentados a estrategias de asimilación y exterminio,mueren de inanición, por enfermedades y por la peste. Allí se genera laverdadera deuda histórica del Estado de Chile con los mapuches. LasReformas Agrarias, especialmente la de la Unidad Popular, levantan elproblema de tierras usurpadas y propones y ejecuta soluciones, que ladictadura militar anula. La Concertación por la Democracia reconoce lasespecificidades del pueblo mapuche y soluciona una parte de los conflictos porla tierra. Actualmente los mapuche del campo enfrentan poderosas estrategiasde asimilación y exterminio de su cultura, sin embargo a nivel de lacomunidades rurales se pone de manifiesto la capacidad del pueblo mapuchepara adaptarse a los cambios, adecuarse, resistir e ir imponiendo los términosbásicos de las condiciones necesarias para reconstruirse como pueblooriginario de Chile
Collomb, Cléo. "Un concept technologique de trace numérique". Thesis, Compiègne, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016COMP2286/document.
This Ph.D. thesis aims at proposing a concept that is technological – inother words, not anthropocentric – of digital traces. The point is that since computational processes require objects and actions to take the form of inscriptions as a condition of their existence, computational machines are fundamentally involved in the process of producing digital traces, which a technological semiotics could describe. What is at stake in the concept we propose is to put into circulation a narration which avoids the theme of “the end of the world” described by Déborah Danowski and Eduardo Viveiros de Castro. These “end of the world” stories evoke the life of human beings who are reduced to living in an environment that is ontologically devitalized and purely artificial, as it seems to be the case when the technical and economic valorization of digital traces has the end result of “delegating our human relations to machines” (Louise Merzeau) or yet again of leading to “algorithmic governmentality” (Antoinette Rouvroy and Berns). When the theme of “the end of the world” raises its head, it means that an attempt is being made : an attempt to invent a mythology appropriate to our present situation, a narration which tries to say something about the end of a certain anthropological adventure. And it is in order to participate in this venture, but seeking to avoid contributing to the theme of “the end of the world”, that we propose a technological approach to digital traces, enabling us to take into account computational machines as a part of the contemporary world
Quet, Mathieu. "Politiques du savoir : une approche communicationnelle des rapports entre sciences, technologies et participation en France (1968-1983)". Phd thesis, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales (EHESS), 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00808650.
Nascimento, Duarte Bárbara. "O futuro do corpo : tecnociência, pirataria e metamorfose". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015STRAG017/document.
In the present technoscientific era, body value is directly related to its rational production in scientific laboratories. Our empirical investigatoin seeks to discover the relationships between laboratory experiments and what we identify as body hacktivism, body hacking, which stand for a playful and exploratory extreme body modification perspective, performed by scientifically-inclined amateurs whose purpose consists of amplifying a person’s sensory limits. Our principal argument is that body hackers are on record for self-production in a radical individualism that has, as a privileged analytical unit, the growing individualization and the self-ownership of the body as its fundamental measures. The body hacking draws our attention to the understanding of a scientific reality: if one day nature granted man a body, to have currently, it is fundamental to overcoming this biological event, endlessly seeking its improvement, until the day that man will attain the chimera of perfection and immortality
O corpo humano está agora enredado numa trama muito particular, característica de nossa era tecnocientífica: seu valor e seu destino estão submetidos aos processos racionais e às novas técnicas que são continuamente desenvolvidas nos laboratórios. A partir de uma visão algo utópica, muito além de uma simples materialidade orgânica, as fronteiras da corporalidade estão assim sendo radicalmente questionadas e transformadas. E, neste passo, os conhecimentos científicos e sua mística transbordam seus campos estritos de aplicação, para alcançar e mobilizar o desejo e a vontade de indivíduos e do público em geral. Em nosso trabalho, buscamos investigar a relação entre as experiências de laboratório e aquilo que identificamos como o panorama underground de tecnologização do corpo. Procuramos assim circunscrever certas modificações corporais extremas, definidas como body hacktivism, body hacking ou pirataria do corpo, que se fundam numa perspectiva lúdica e exploratória, realizadas por amadores com o propósito de ampliar os limites sensoriais do homem. Tal reapropriação individual das tecnologias se converte, então, em inovações e em práticas inusitadas, por exemplo: implantes de microchips RFID, de magnetos, de vibradores genitais ou placas de titânio para substituir a pele, e mesmo próteses robóticas feitas com peças de Lego. A pesquisa de campo foi empreendida entre 2011 e 2013, em contato com vários praticantes selecionados na Europa, nos Estados Unidos e no Brasil. A metodologia qualitativa privilegiou a aplicação de entrevistas semiestruturadas e visitas a lojas de tatuagem/piercing, hotéis, eventos e seminários. O objetivo desta tese é, portanto, compreender qual corpo os body hackers constroem para si e projetam para os outros, explorando assim suas concepções acerca do sujeito humano. O argumento principal é de que os body hackers, por suas palavras e suas práticas, reverberam a mesma ontologia radical do individualismo moderno, ao tomar o indivíduo como a unidade social básica e a apropriação de seu próprio corpo como a relação fundamental. A simbiose do corpo com artefatos variados, que as novas tecnologias possibilitam, faculta ao indivíduo percepções exclusivas, nas quais os elementos inorgânicos se tornam não apenas mediadores da experiência pessoal, mas uma extensão ou parte articulada de si mesmo. Em suma, a tecnologia inserida no corpo além de modificá-lo, também transforma a forma de perceber, de estar e de ser-no-mundo. A pirataria do corpo, enfim, chama a atenção para uma realidade insofismável: se um dia a natureza concedeu aos seres humanos um corpo, para tê-lo, atualmente, é preciso superar o simples evento biológico e buscar incansavelmente o seu aperfeiçoamento, a quimera extraordinária de uma perfeição e de uma imortalidade vindoura
Fofack, Tsabou Rhoda Lucie. "La société des eaux cachées du Saïss : l’analyse d‘un basculement autour de l’extraction des eaux souterraines profondes au Maroc". Thesis, Paris 10, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA100017.
Groundwater-based irrigation enabled the development of a dynamic agricultural economy in the Saïss plain, located in the north of Morocco. Hidden in the aquifer system, the groundwater resources are made visible by technical objects used for their extraction. These techniques are multiple, including dug wells, tube-wells, and their equipment: motors and pumps. The shift from one technique to the other brought about major agrarian transitions in the region accompanied by a change of groundwater uses by switching from the shallow phreatic aquifer to the deep Liassic aquifer. Beyond changes over the hydrological context and practices of pumping, the change in the uses of the aquifer also shows the shift between two specific social worlds around groundwater exploitation. A “world of scarcity” based on the use of dug wells and the shallow aquifer; and a “world of abundance” where tube-wells can easily pump in the deep Liassic aquifer with its large and more regular flow rate. From one social world to another, the shift is neither a one-way process nor a rupture. On the contrary, their frontiers and limits remain flexible and porous due to the movements of farmers and artisans. By becoming objects within networks that create links and interdependences between actors, techniques are constitutive of a socio-technical network regardless of any direct territorial link with the aquifer. The thesis explores what is socially constructed through the dynamics of groundwater exploitation, by characterizing types of social assemblages generated by the uses of an individualized resource. The analysis of mechanisms around the recycling and transformation of extractive motors reveals an emerging society where relationships between actors of the market are based on a “bazaar economy”. Used to describe and analyse the social, economic and cultural structure in traditional Moroccan societies and oriental societies in general, the properties of the bazaar economy have been reorganised nowadays to organize interrelations between new technical objects. In this system, public actors contribute to the differentiation between the two social worlds around groundwater exploitation, trying to marginalize the social world of wells and supporting the “more rational and tamed” social world of tube wells. Understanding the society of hidden waters by the mediation of techniques and through the relationships of actors to groundwater makes visible the socio-political dynamics in contemporary North Africa. The relation between natural resources-techniques-actors also reveal sociological frontiers between the world of rurality considered by public actors as being “behind” in the economic development of the Nation; and the world of modernity or new technologies which is ahead in this development
Lauranson-Rosaz, Romain. "Céramologie d’un oppidum arverne : chronologie et fonction de la vaisselle céramique du site de Corent (63) : IIe s av.-IIe s. apr.J.C". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2120.
Major site of the territory of the Arverne people, one of the most powerful of Central Gaul before the conquest of Julius Caesar, the Corent Plateau is continuously occupied at the end of the Iron Age and during the High Empire. This thesis concerns a documentation of ceramic ((ware)) of more than a hundred thousand remains ((sherds ?)), taking advantage of the extension of excavations over several hectares in different districts surrounding his sanctuary. A selection of well-dated sets makes it possible to establish a chronological series in twelve horizons, validated by statistical analysis methods, which contributes to the phasing of the site and to the description of the evolution of regional ceramics as well as the supply of imports. This documentation is then approached from the perspective of its function, through the definition of six functional classes whose distribution in space and according to the nature of the contexts is analysed. The synthesis includes an assessment of knowledge on the chronology of the site's occupation, put into perspective with its integration into the trade networks as perceived through import ceramics, which betray the importance of the link routes with the South through the Cévennes and the Val d'Allier. A discussion is then devoted to the cultural and economic factors of the evolution of ceramic ((ware)), which highlights the changes that took place before the Roman conquest and provides a problematic framework for archaeometric and experimental approaches. Finally, the functional variations of ceramic furniture in an urban context are compared with data from funeral contexts or with other types of furniture. The second volume of the thesis develops in detail the typology of regional productions and presents the corpus of imported tableware, among other analytical repertoires (sets, stamps, graffiti, etc..). The third volume is the compilation of all the ensemble ((?)) records of the corpus currently being studied at Corent for the period under review, to which other sites included in the analyses are appended
Armentano, Gabriela Marisol. "Arqueología del curso inferior del Río Colorado : estudio tecnológico de las colecciones líticas de Norpatagonia Oriental durante el Holoceno tardío : departamentos de Villarino y Patagones, Provincia de Buenos Aires. Argentina". Thesis, Paris 10, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA100059.
The lower Colorado River is considered the geographical boundary between [the Argentinean regions of Pampa and Patagonia]. In this area converges various provinces and regions, as well as phytogeographical and zoogeographical sub-domains that give to the environment ecotonal characteristics. The project Archaeological Investigations in the Lower Colorado River, which is part of this work, has as its central objective the study of the material culture, adaptation and evolution of hunter-gatherer peoples who occupied the area during the Holocene-3000-250 years BP. The population’s dynamics of the Pampas and Patagonia regions in the final late Holocene (ca. 1000-250 years BP) was described by several researchers as a complex map of inter-ethnic contacts and networks between groups at local, extra-regional and transandean range scale. The aim of this thesis is to define the technological patterns of hunter-gatherer groups who inhabited the studied area during the late Holocene. In order to do so, the nature and presentation of raw materials exploited is stated, and the different methods of debitage and economic analysis of the lithic assemblages are identified, within the theoretical and methodological approach of chaîne opératoires. The results of this thesis allow concluding that during the late Holocene the basis of technological knowledge is kept constant. The technological changes experienced in behavior toward the final late Holocene (ca. 1000-250 years BP) are due to the choice among methods, materials, and types of instruments known and available, of those with proven efficacy, whose production was intensified in the last 1000 years B.P. The behavioral changes linked to lithic technological system are accompanied by -or produced as a result of- reorganization of the social system as a whole. In general terms, this situation is also observed in hunters gathered societies in neighboring areas and regions (Pampean and Northen Patagonic regions) towards final late Holocene