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1
Le, Bras Yann. "La démission et la révocation par le pape des évêques français à l'occasion du concordat de 1801 : histoire, enjeux et perpectives canoniques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Clermont Auvergne (2021-...), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UCFAD006.
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À peine arrivé au pouvoir, Bonaparte propose au pape Pie VII de rétablir le culte catholique en France, ce qui sera formalisé par le concordat de 1801. En échange, il exige, entre autres, que tous les évêques alors reconnus par Rome soient destitués et remplacés par d’autres, nommés par lui. Pie VII est placé dans l’embarras. Il ne sait pas s’il a le droit de révoquer d’autorité des évêques. Il prend le parti de leur demander de démissionner, mais près de la moitié d’entre eux refuse. Le maintien sur leurs sièges de ces évêques empêcherait la conclusion du Concordat, que Pie VII estime être un grand bien pour l’Église. C’est en vue de ce bien qu’il finit par considérer qu’il possède l’autorité pour révoquer les évêques non-démissionnaires. Cette thèse se propose d’établir l’histoire de cette décision, à partir, entre autres, de l’exploitation d’archives inédites, dont les plus importantes sont publiées dans leur intégralité. Elle chercher à expliquer comment le Saint-Siège parvient, à la faveur de la Restauration, à la faire accepter à l’ensemble de l’épiscopat. Il en détaille les enjeux, tant pour l’époque que pour la postérité. En définitive, ce texte soutient la thèse que, même si Pie VII a pris une décision sans précédent, cette dernière était conforme à la tradition canonique. Elle est, en outre, aujourd’hui encore, riche d’enseignement, tant au niveau théologique que canonique et même pratique. Elle pourrait même, sous certains aspects, être une source d’inspiration du Saint-Siège dans ses relations avec certains paysAs soon as he came to power, Bonaparte proposed to Pope Pius VII to re-establish Catholic worship in France, which was formalised by the Concordat of 1801. In exchange, he demanded, among other things, that all the bishops then recognised by Rome be removed from office and replaced by others appointed by him. Pius VII was in a quandary. He did not know whether he had the right to dismiss bishops. He decided to ask them to resign, but nearly half of them refused. The retention of these bishops in their seats would prevent the conclusion of the Concordat, which Pius VII considered a great good for the Church. It was with this good in mind that he came to believe that he had the authority to dismiss the non-resigning bishops. This work aims at establishing the history of this decision. Among other things, we used a lot of unpublished archives, the most important of which are published here in their entirety. The thesis seeks to explain how the Holy See succeeded, under the Restoration, in getting the entire episcopate to accept his decision. It details the issues at stake, by that time and after. Ultimately, this text supports the thesis that, even if Pius VII took an unprecedented decision, he acted in conformity with the whole canonical tradition. This decision can, moreover, still give theological, canonical and even practical lessons today. In some respects, it could even be a source of inspiration for the Holy See in its relations with certain countries
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Ter-Antonyan, Ruben. "Search for rare multi-pion decays of the tau lepton using the BABAR detector". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1143148602.
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Berti, Federico. "RFID tag localization with virtual multi-antenna systems". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2016. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/9753/.
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In questa tesi si sono valutate le prestazioni di un sistema di localizzazione multi-antenna di tag radio frequency identification (RFID) passivi in ambiente indoor. Il sistema, composto da un reader in movimento che percorre una traiettoria nota, ha come obiettivo localizzare il tag attraverso misure di fase; più precisamente la differenza di fase tra il segnale di interrogazione, emesso dal reader, e il segnale ricevuto riflesso dal tag che è correlato alla distanza tra di essi.
Dopo avere eseguito una ricerca sullo stato dell’arte di queste tecniche e aver derivato il criterio maximum likelihood (ML) del sistema si è proceduto a valutarne le prestazioni e come eventuali fattori agissero sul risultato di localizzazione attraverso simulazioni Matlab.
Come ultimo passo si è proceduto a effettuare una campagna di misure, testando il sistema in un ambiente reale. Si sono confrontati i risultati di localizzazione di tutti gli algoritmi proposti quando il reader si muove su una traiettoria rettilinea e su una traiettoria angolare, cercando di capire come migliorare i risultati.
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Al-Adhami, Ayad. "A secure quorum based multi-tag RFID system". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/12821.
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Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has been expanded to be used in different fields that need automatic identifying and verifying of tagged objects without human intervention. RFID technology offers a great advantage in comparison with barcodes by providing accurate information, ease of use and reducing of labour cost. These advantages have been utilised by using passive RFID tags. Although RFID technology can enhance the efficiency of different RFID applications systems, researchers have reported issues regarding the use of RFID technology. These issues are making the technology vulnerable to many threats in terms of security and privacy. Different RFID solutions, based on different cryptography primitives, have been developed. Most of these protocols focus on the use of passive RFID tags. However, due to the computation feasibility in passive RFID tags, these tags might be vulnerable to some of the security and privacy threats. , e.g. unauthorised reader can read the information inside tags, illegitimate tags or cloned tags can be accessed by a reader. Moreover, most consideration of reserchers is focus on single tag authentication and mostly do not consider scenarios that need multi-tag such as supply chain management and healthcare management. Secret sharing schemes have been also proposed to overcome the key management problem in supply chain management. However, secret sharing schemes have some scalability limitations when applied with high numbers of RFID tags. This work is mainly focused on solving the problem of the security and privacy in multi-tag RFID based system. In this work firstly, we studied different RFID protocols such as symmetric key authentication protocols, authentication protocols based on elliptic curve cryptography, secret sharing schemes and multi-tag authentication protocols. Secondly, we consider the significant research into the mutual authentication of passive RFID tags. Therefore, a mutual authentication scheme that is based on zero-knowledge proof have been proposed . The main object of this work is to develop an ECC- RFID based system that enables multi-RFID tags to be authenticated with one reader by using different versions of ECC public key encryption schemes. The protocol are relied on using threshold cryptosystems that operate ECC to generate secret keys then distribute and stored secret keys among multi RFID tags. Finally, we provide performance measurement for the implementation of the proposed protocols.
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Gustafsson, Ismodes Isabella. "A Multi-Actor Multi Criteria Analysis of Carbon Tax Design:Case Study of Peru". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-217869.
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Scarcella, Mark Joseph. "Search for the Higgs Boson decaying to tau leptons at ATLAS using multi-variate analysis techniques". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/14955.
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This thesis presents three differing approaches to the search for the Standard Model Higgs boson decaying to tau leptons using ps = 7 TeV protonproton collision data from the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Multi-variate analysis techniques involving boosted decision trees are used to extend an existing cut-based analysis procedure. The expected 95% confidence level upper limit on the observed cross-section is compared between the analyses. The upper limit at a Higgs mass of mH = 125 GeV is improved from 2:9+4:3 2:1 to 2:3+3:3 1:7 times the Standard Model prediction, after implementing multivariate techniques. No significant excess is seen in data for any analysis strategy. The most sensitive measurement of the signal strength normalised to the Standard Model prediction was observed to be ˆ m = 1:6 1:1, corresponding to 1:4s upward fluctuation of the background-only model to match the data.
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Sarzynski, Melanie Diane. "Developing & tailoring multi-functional carbon foams for multi-field response". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2777.
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Jaber, Dana N. "Multi-input multi-output (MIMO) detection by a colony of ants". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1778.
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Ye, Qianyun. "2.4-GHz Wireless Network Based Multi-Tag Access System". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för informations- och kommunikationsteknik (ICT), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-188491.
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Machine-to-Machine technology has been intensively researched recently which is believed to take the role of leading ICT industry development. Wireless Sensor Networks provide solution to integrate numerous numbers of machines who require features include low power, low cost, and flexible, which can be fulfilled by applying Zigbee technique. This thesis devotes an effort into Wireless Sensor Network development that a Multi- Tag System operating on 2.4-GHz wireless network is developed. A theoretical study about ZigBee protocol and its bottom layers IEEE 802.15.4 standard is provided to lay a foundation of the design work. The thesis also includes a practical usage of low cost TI CC2530 Systom-on-Chip, together with the illustration of software development inside the chip. The design work provides GUI Platform for users to register themselves into the network and central monitoring platform to track all users within the area. Both GUI platforms are developed based on VB IDE. The Multi-Tag Access System is suitable for attendee control functionality in big-scale conference, events, and lecture, which is also a prototype expecting more functionality to be added in the future.
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Tang, Yunpeng. "A novel N-phase multi-modular series HVDC tap". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44134/.
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High-voltage direct-current (HVDC) transmission has higher efficiency and lower expenses for the long-distance bulk-power transmission. A HVDC tap is one type of the multi-terminal HVDC systems which transfers a small amount of power from the HVDC line to the nearby communities with no access to the electricity. Developed from the 1960s, HVDC taps can be summarised into series taps and parallel taps, between which series taps are considered to be more promising on the use of devices and the cost. The conventional series taps have some evident drawbacks, which a modular multilevel based series tap may overcome. Here a novel n-phase Multi-Modular Series HVDC Tap (MMST) is proposed to realise the utilisation of the modular multilevel structure into the series tap and improve the performance of typical series taps. In this PhD thesis the theoretical analysis and the parameter design of two-phase and three-phase MMSTs based on the South-West HVDC Link in Sweden have been carried out. The control strategy for the n-phase MMST, including the load current control, the mean capacitor voltage control and the DC link voltage control, has been designed. In order to verify the feasibility of the proposed topology and the validity of the presented control strategy, simulations have been validated using a low power prototype. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the MMST offers better performance when compared to the conventional series taps.
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Ceretti, Federica <1991>. "Tax havens. China's multi-faceted connection with offshore jurisdictions". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/10664.
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What is a tax haven? Why are tax havens relevant in today's global economy, and why there is an intense capital flow between China and the Caribbean? The purpose of my thesis is to analyze the motivations which led to the rise of the phenomenon of tax havens in today's global market, and to understand why offshore locations played an increasingly relevant role in the flow of capital across the borders; then, my thesis aims to investigate why and how is China involved in this phenomenon. In the first part, the phenomenon of tax havens is analyzed for its relevance on a global level, with examination of the motivations, the legal structures and the strategies adopted by both individuals and corporations for the purpose of channeling or hiding wealth offshore. In the second part, my thesis debates in detail the situation of China; in particular, I analyze the peculiarities of the use that Chinese investors make of tax havens, and investigate the causes and the implications of Chinese investment offshore. Further into detail, I analyze the specific relationship that China has with two Caribbean tax havens in particular, Cayman Islands and British Virgin Islands, and I also take into consideration the role of Hong Kong as a hub for Chinese investment and as important player in this triangulation. It is also illustrated the magnitude of the phenomenon providing figures of FDI inflows and outflows between these locations.
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Koyama, M., N. Nagano, R. Imai, M. Shikida, H. Honda, M. Okochi, H. Tsuchiya y K. Sato. "Evaluation of Magnetic Beads Agitation Performance Operated by Multi-Layered Flat Coils". IEEE, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/9562.
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Wilson, Cristiana Margarita Callejas. "El carnaval en Mulata de tal de Miguel Angel Asturias". Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68144.
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This thesis tries to circumscribe the carnavalesque narrative strategies that Miguel Angel Asturias (1899-1974) uses in Mulata de tal (1963) to project his pessimistic vision of the social, cultural and religious mixing in Guatemala. The purpose of our work is to make an interpretation of the novel through the analysis of the carnavalesque elements of the work. To achieve this goal, we base our analysis on the Russian critic Mikhail M. Bakhtin's theories of the literary carnavalization and the dialogical principle, which we describe in the first chapter. In the following chapter we examine the formal and semantic components of the novel. In the third chapter we analyse the contrasting and deformed images that represent the social, cultural and religious mixing. Finally, in the fourth chapter we study the different social languages which the author stylizes or parodies to express his ideas in a refracted manner.
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Dasgupta, Sumantra. "Multi-objective stochastic path planning". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2755.
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XIONG, YUANHE. "Electromagnetic Design and Optimization of Multi-Chip RFID Tag Antennas". Doctoral thesis, Politecnico di Torino, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11583/2566955.
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This work mainly deals with optimization of multi-chip RFID tag antennas with genetic algorithm, along with the method of moments (MoM) discretized electric-field integral equation. The concept embedded realized gain is the parameter which is used to measure the performance of the RFID tag antennas. A novel source modeling technique is applied to the analysis of the highly complicated structures and good agreement with commercial software could be observed.
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Guéroux, Marie. "La Maladie d'Alzheimer et la place des polyphénols au sein des nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques : analyse multi-techniques des interactions "polyphénols-peptides Tau"". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR14887/document.
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La Maladie d’Alzheimer est caractérisée par la formation de dégénérescences neurofibrillaires, constituées de protéine Tau anormalement hyperphosphorylée et agrégée. De nombreuses études traitent de possibles stratégies thérapeutiques basées sur l’inhibition de cette polymérisation, et présentent les effets bénéfiques de certaines molécules dont les polyphénols, mais les résultats obtenus jusque là, manquent de données au niveau moléculaire. Ainsi, après avoir synthétisé, une banque de polyphénols de structures différentes, et 3 peptides représentatifs de la région P de phosphorylation de Tau, c’est en suivant une stratégie combinant la RMN et la modélisation moléculaire, que nous avons évalué les paramètres dynamiques du complexe formé. Ce projet nous a apporté des informations en termes d’affinité, et de relations structure/activité et ainsi, de mieux appréhender les mécanismes d’interactions intervenant dans l’agrégation de Tau par les polyphénolsAlzheimer's disease is characterized by the formation of neurofibrillary tangles constituted by abnormally hyperphosphorylated and aggregated Tau protein. Many studies deal with potential therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition of this polymerization, and show the beneficial effects of some molecules like polyphenols, but the obtained so far results show a lack of data at the molecular level. Thus, after the synthesis of, a library of polyphenols with different structures, and 3 representative peptides of the P2 phosphorylation Tau region, by following a strategy combining NMR and molecular modeling, we have evaluated dynamic parameters of the formed complex. This project has provided us informations in terms of affinity, and structure / activity relationships, and leading us to a better understanding of the mechanisms led to better understand the mechanisms involved in the aggregation Tau inhibition phenomena by polyphenols
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Yllana, Grace R. "Watchdogs that do not Bite, Nets that do not Catch, and "Perps" Policing Themselves: Why Anti-Corruption Multi-Level Governance Efforts Fail in the Philippines". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1380613168.
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Kamineni, Neelima. "A Study of Anti-collision Multi-tag Identification Algorithms for Passive RFID Systems". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc28439/.
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The major advantages of radio frequency identification (RFID) technology over barcodes are that the RFID-tagged objects do not require to be in line-of-sight with the reader for their identification and multiple objects can be read simultaneously. But when multiple objects are read simultaneously there is always a problem of collision which reduces the efficiency of the system. This thesis presents a comprehensive study of the dynamic framed slotted ALOHA (DFSA)-based anti-collision multi-tag identification algorithms for passive RFID system. Performance of various DFSA algorithms is compared through extensive simulation results. In addition, a number of simple performance improvement techniques have also been investigated in this thesis, including improved estimation techniques for the number of tags in each read cycle and a low-complexity heuristic stopping criterion that can be easily implemented in the practical system.
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Tatli, Ipek. "Tag-based Music Recommendation Systems Using Semantic Relations And Multi-domain Information". Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613750/index.pdf.
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With the evolution of Web 2.0, most social-networking sites let their members participate in content generation. Users can label items with tags in these websites. A tag can be anything but it is actually a short description of the item. Because tags represent the reason why a user
likes an item, but not how much user likes itthey are better identifiers of user profiles than ratings, which are usually numerical values assigned to items by users. Thus, the tag-based contextual representations of music tracks are concentrated in this study. Items are generally represented by vector space models in the content based recommendation systems. In tag-based recommendation systems, users and items are defined in terms of weighted vectors of social tags. When there is a large amount of tags, calculation of the items to be recommended becomes hard, because working with huge vectors is a time-consuming job. The main objective of this thesis is to represent individual tracks (songs) in lower dimensional spaces. An approach is described for creating music recommendations based on user-supplied tags that are augmented with a hierarchical structure extracted for top level genres from Dbpedia. In this structure, each genre is represented by its stylistic origins, typical instruments, derivative forms, sub genres and fusion genres. In addition to very large vector space models, insufficient number of user tags is another problem in the recommendation field. The proposed method is evaluated with different user profiling methods in case of any insufficiency in the number of user tags. User profiles are extended with multi-domain information. By using multi-domain information, the goal of making more successful and realistic predictions is achieved.
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Delichatsios, Stefanie Alkistis. "Multi-dimensional ultra-high frequency passive radio frequency identification tag antenna designs". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/37050.
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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2006.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 77-79).
In this thesis, we present the design, simulation, and empirical evaluation of two novel multi-dimensional ultra-high frequency (UHF) passive radio frequency identification (RFID) tag antennas, the Albano-Dipole antenna and the Albano-Patch antenna, that provide omnidirectional communication capabilities. The performance of a passive UHF RFID tag is highly dependent upon the tag's antenna design, the tag's placement on an item, the materials in the item, and the item's surrounding environment. The majority of existing commercial tag antennas are two-dimensional making the tags a) orientation-sensitive, working well in some directions and not at all in others, and b) susceptible to communication interference from the contents of the tagged object. The Albano antenna designs are three-dimensional, affording the tags to be minimally affected by object material while maintaining near omnidirectional performance. The Albano antenna designs provide significantly improved orientation insensitivity compared with existing widely deployed commercial tag antenna designs.
by Stefanie Alkistis Delichatsios.
M.Eng.
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Garrigos, Guillaume. "Descent dynamical systems and algorithms for tame optimization, and multi-objective problems". Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTS191/document.
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Dans une première partie, nous nous intéressons aux systèmes dynamiques gradients gouvernés par des fonctions non lisses, mais aussi non convexes, satisfaisant l'inégalité de Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz. Après avoir obtenu quelques résultats préliminaires pour la dynamique de la plus grande pente continue, nous étudions un algorithme de descente général. Nous prouvons, sous une hypothèse de compacité, que tout suite générée par ce schéma général converge vers un point critique de la fonction. Nous obtenons aussi de nouveaux résultats sur la vitesse de convergence, tant pour les valeurs que pour les itérés. Ce schéma général couvre en particulier des versions parallélisées de la méthode forward-backward, autorisant une métrique variable et des erreurs relatives. Cela nous permet par exemple de proposer une version non convexe non lisse de l'algorithme Levenberg-Marquardt. Enfin, nous proposons quelques applications de ces algorithmes aux problèmes de faisabilité, et aux problèmes inverses. Dans une seconde partie, cette thèse développe une dynamique de descente associée à des problèmes d'optimisation vectoriels sous contrainte. Pour cela, nous adaptons la dynamique de la plus grande pente usuelle aux fonctions à valeurs dans un espace ordonné par un cône convexe fermé solide. Cette dynamique peut être vue comme l'analogue continu de nombreux algorithmes développés ces dernières années. Nous avons un intérêt particulier pour les problèmes de décision multi-objectifs, pour lesquels cette dynamique de descente fait décroitre toutes les fonctions objectif au cours du temps. Nous prouvons l'existence de trajectoires pour cette dynamique continue, ainsi que leur convergence vers des points faiblement efficients. Finalement, nous explorons une nouvelle dynamique inertielle pour les problèmes multi-objectif, avec l'ambition de développer des méthodes rapides convergeant vers des équilibres de ParetoIn a first part, we focus on gradient dynamical systems governed by non-smooth but also non-convex functions, satisfying the so-called Kurdyka-Lojasiewicz inequality.After obtaining preliminary results for a continuous steepest descent dynamic, we study a general descent algorithm. We prove, under a compactness assumption, that any sequence generated by this general scheme converges to a critical point of the function.We also obtain new convergence rates both for the values and the iterates. The analysis covers alternating versions of the forward-backward method, with variable metric and relative errors. As an example, a non-smooth and non-convex version of the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm is detailed.Applications to non-convex feasibility problems, and to sparse inverse problems are discussed.In a second part, the thesis explores descent dynamics associated to constrained vector optimization problems. For this, we adapt the classic steepest descent dynamic to functions with values in a vector space ordered by a solid closed convex cone. It can be seen as the continuous analogue of various descent algorithms developed in the last years.We have a particular interest for multi-objective decision problems, for which the dynamic make decrease all the objective functions along time.We prove the existence of trajectories for this continuous dynamic, and show their convergence to weak efficient points.Then, we explore an inertial dynamic for multi-objective problems, with the aim to provide fast methods converging to Pareto points
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Sharpe, Graeme Peter. "Reflective cracking of shear keys in multi-beam bridges". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1912.
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Palmer, Victor. "Scaling reinforcement learning to the unconstrained multi-agent domain". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1908.
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Kelleci, Burak. "Multi-band OFDM UWB receiver with narrowband interference suppression". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2498.
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Novitzky, Michael. "TAR: Trajectory adaptation for recognition of robot tasks to improve teamwork". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/54367.
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One key to more effective cooperative interaction in a multi-robot team is the ability to understand the behavior and intent of other robots. Observed teammate action sequences can be learned to perform trajectory recognition which can be used to determine their current task. Previously, we have applied behavior histograms, hidden Markov models (HMMs), and conditional random fields (CRFs) to perform trajectory recognition as an approach to task monitoring in the absence of commu- nication. To demonstrate trajectory recognition of various autonomous vehicles, we used trajectory-based techniques for model generation and trajectory discrimination in experiments using actual data. In addition to recognition of trajectories, we in- troduced strategies, based on the honeybee’s waggle dance, in which cooperating autonomous teammates could leverage recognition during periods of communication loss. While the recognition methods were able to discriminate between the standard trajectories performed in a typical survey mission, there were inaccuracies and delays in identifying new trajectories after a transition had occurred. Inaccuracies in recog- nition lead to inefficiencies as cooperating teammates acted on incorrect data. We then introduce the Trajectory Adaptation for Recognition (TAR) framework which seeks to directly address difficulties in recognizing the trajectories of autonomous vehicles by modifying the trajectories they follow to perform them. Optimization techniques are used to modify the trajectories to increase the accuracy of recognition while also improving task objectives and maintaining vehicle dynamics. Experiments are performed which demonstrate that using trajectories optimized in this manner lead to improved recognition accuracy.
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Ramani, Tara Lakshmi. "An improved methodology for multi-criteria assessment of highway sustainability". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2926.
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Hollmann, Joseph. "Multi-layer diffusion approximation for photon transport in biological tissue". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1901.
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Kim, Sung Hyun. "Multi-layer approach to motion planning in obstacle rich environment". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2621.
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Christian, Kristi Lynn. "The relationship between the level of antibiotic use and resistance among enteric bacteria in a multi-site integrated human and swine population". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2738.
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Zhang, Yang. "Control Implementation and Co-simulation of A 6-DOF TAU Haptic Device". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-293508.
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In the research area of virtual reality, the term haptic rendering is defined as the process of computing and generating the interaction force between the virtual object and the operator. One of the major challenges of haptic rendering is the stably rendering contact with a stiff object. Traditional haptic rendering algorithms performs well when rendering contact with soft objects. But when it is used to simulate contact with objects with high stiffness, the algorithm may cause unstable response of haptic devices. Such unstable behavior (e.g., oscillation of the device) can destroy the fidelity of the virtual environment and even hurt the user. To address the above stability issues, a new design approach has been proposed in this paper. The proposed approach consists of three main process steps: modeling and linearization in ADAMS, LQR position controller design, verification with co-simulation. In the first step, a simulation model of the system is firstly created in ADAMS/View. Then this nonlinear ADAMS multi-body dynamics model is linearized and exported as a set of linear state space matrices with the help of ADAMS/Linear. In the second step, different from the traditional force-control algorithms, LQR position controller is developed in Matlab Simulink based on the exported matrices to emulate interactions with stiff objects. At last, the verification of control performance is carried out by setting up co-simulation between ADAMS and Simulink. A case study implementation of this proposed method was performed on the TAU device which was previously developed by Machine Design department at KTH. TAU is an asymmetrical parallel robot with six degrees of freedom for the simulation of surgical procedures like drilling and milling of hard tissues of bones and teeth. The results show that the linear model exported from ADAMS is sufficiently accurate and the proposed controller can render a virtual wall with stiffness at the level of 105 N/m.Inom forskningsområdet virtuell verklighet definieras termen hatisk återgivning (haptic rendering) som processen för beräkning och generering av interaktiva krafter mellan det virtuella objektet och användaren. En av de största utmaningarna med haptisk återgivning är att stabilt simulera känslan av beröring av styv material för användare. Traditionella algoritmer fungerar när det gäller att simulera känslan av beröring av mjuk material, men när algoritmerna används för att simulera kontakt med materialer med stor styvhet kan det orsaka instabilitet hos haptiska enheter. Sådana instabilitet, bland annat svängning hos enheten, kan förstöra den virtuella miljöns exakthet och till och med skada användare. Denna uppsats försöker ta itu med det ovanstående problemet genom att föreslå en ny designmetod. Metoden består av tre huvudsteg: modellering och linearisering med hjälp av ADAMS, design av LQR-positionskontroll, och verifiering med samsimulering (co-simulation). I det första steget skapas systemets simuleringsmodell med hjälp av ADAMS/View. Sedan linjäriseras denna icke-linjära ADAMS-multikroppsdynamikmodell. Modellen exporteras som linjära tillståndsmatriser med hjälp av ADAMS/Linear. I det andra steget designas en LQR-positionskontroll med hjälp av Matlab Simulink baserat på de exporterade matriserna tidigare för att simulera interaktioner med styv material, vilket skiljer sig från de traditionella kraftkontrollalgoritmer (force-control algorithms). I det sista steget utförs verifieringen av positionskontrollens prestanda genom att ställa in samsimulering (co-simulation) mellan ADAMS och Simulink. En testkörning av denna föreslagna metod har utförs på TAU-enheten som tidigare utvecklades av KTH institutionen för maskinkonstruktion. TAU är en asymmetrisk parallellsrobot med sex frihetsgrader för att simulera kirurgiska ingrepp som borrning av hårda vävnader i ben och tänder. Resultaten visar att den linjära modellen som exporteras från ADAMS är tillräckligt korrekt, för den föreslagna positionskontrollen kan framställa en virtuell vägg med styvhet vid 105 N/m.
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Hoummady, Emerence. "Étude multi-échelle de l’agglomération pour la lixiviation en tas de minerais uranifères". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0271/document.
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La lixiviation en tas est une méthode industrielle utilisée pour traiter des minerais à basse teneur consistant en la percolation d’une solution de lixiviation à travers un tas de 6 à 9 mètres de haut afin d’en extraire l’élément d’intérêt. Cependant, la présence de nombreuses fines particules et d’argiles au sein du minerai peuvent causer l’apparition de phénomènes de colmatage dans les tas, diminuant l’efficacité de la lixiviation. Afin de résoudre ce problème, les industries du nickel, du cuivre ou encore de l’uranium agglomèrent le minerai, augmentant ainsi sa granulométrie par le rassemblement des fines particules. Néanmoins, l’agglomération de minerais uranifères ainsi que l’impact de la structure des agglomérats sur la lixiviation reste peu étudiée. Cette thèse a permis de caractériser l’évolution structurale et pétro physique des agglomérats de minerais d’uranium au cours de la lixiviation, d’étudier l’influence des conditions d’agglomération sur la structure des agglomérats résultants et enfin d’étudier la lixiviation des agglomérats à l’échelle du tas, par le biais d’essais en colonnes métriques. De plus, les causes de colmatage ont pu être identifiées comme provenant d’une dégradation mécanique des agglomérats entrainant une réduction de la perméabilité et de la porosité du tasHeap leaching allows processing low grade ores. Basically, this industrial mining process consists in percolating a leaching solution slowly down through an ore heap of 6 to 9 meters high to extract the metals of interest. However, fine particles and clays are often the cause of clogging within heaps, leading to a decrease of leaching efficiency. To solve this problem, copper, nickel and uranium industry uses agglomeration of the ore particles. This process allows adjusting the particle size distribution by gathering fine particles. However uranium-ore agglomeration and the impact of the agglomerates structure on heap leaching remains poorly understood. The current thesis allowed characterizing structural and petrophysical properties of agglomerates and its evolution during leaching, studying the influence of agglomeration conditions on agglomerates structures and finally upscaling there results at the heap scale, using meter scale columns. Clogging phenomena were especially due to the mechanical degradation of agglomerates, causing a decrease of both heap porosity and permeability
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Li, Tao [Verfasser], Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Dreizler y Shuiqing [Akademischer Betreuer] Li. "Experimental Investigations of Solid Fuel Combustion with Multi-dimensional and Multi-parameter Laser Diagnostics / Tao Li ; Andreas Dreizler, Shuiqing Li". Darmstadt : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1241248370/34.
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Cobb, Jeffrey Lee. "A robust window-based multi-node minimization technique using Boolean relations". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2023.
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Latif, Nidhal Abbas Abdul. "Trihalomethane compounds in the drinking water of Kuwait : a survey from source to consumer". Thesis, Brunel University, 1991. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4973.
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A comprehensive survey of the presence of trihalomethane (THM) compounds, as chlorination by-products, in drinking water in Kuwait have been performed. The survey covers the whole drinking water treatment cycle, starting with sea water and ending with the consumer tap. The data generated by the survey was all derived from actual water treatment plants, operating under normal conditions. All four trihalomethane compounds, namely; chloroform (CHCI3), bromodichloromethane (CHBrCI2), dibromochloromethane (CHBr2CI) and bromoform (CHBr3) were covered. The study clearly showed that, although considerable amounts of THM compounds did form as a result of chlorination of sea water entering the multi-stage flash (MSF) distillation plants, these plants were highly efficient in removing these compounds. The average removal efficiency, based on THM compounds mass load in the sea water feed, was around 95%. Factors which were found to have an influence on the degree of formation of these compounds, include, chlorination practice (continuous vs. shock), sea water temperature, level of organic precursors and contact time. Of much more important consequence, as far as the presence of these compounds in drinking water is concerned, was the degree of THM compounds formation as a result of the chlorination of drinking water before it is pumped to the consumer. Here, not only all the compounds formed remain in the water but there is a definite tendency for continuous formation well after the actual chlorination process has taken place. Factors which were found affecting this formation include water temperature, contact time and chlorination dosage. Although, all samples collected showed that the presence of THM compounds was always below the United States Environmental Protection Agency maximum contaminant level of 100 ~g/L, a need exists for the optimization of all chlorination processes with particular emphasis on the chlorination of drinking water. In almost all kinds of water encountered in this study, bromoform was found to be by far the most dominant compound.
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Woo, Sang-Bum. "Formation control for cooperative surveillance". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3203.
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Nair, Aravind R. "Characterization of thermo-mechanical and long-term behaviors of multi-layered composite materials". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-1821.
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Nair, Raji Sasidharan. "Contribution au développement de tags chipless et des capteurs à codage dans le domaine temporel". Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENT008/document.
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La RFID sans puce, en raison du très faible coût des tags, a ouvert une nouvelle voie pour les systèmes d'identification. Les étiquettes RFID sans puce fonctionnant dans le domaine temporel ont l'avantage d'être compatibles avec de grandes distances de lecture, de l'ordre de quelques mètres, et de pouvoir fonctionner dans les bandes de fréquence ISM. Cependant, les tags de ce type développés jusqu'à lors n'offraient qu'une faible capacité de codage. Cette thèse propose une nouvelle méthode pour augmenter la capacité de codage des tags fonctionnant dans le domaine temporel en utilisant des C-sections, c'est-à-dire des lignes de transmission repliées de manière à avoir des zones fortement couplées, ce qui leur donne un caractère dispersif. Une autre approche basée sur une technique multi-couches a également été introduite de façon à augmenter considérablement la capacité de codage. Pour terminer, la preuve de concept d'un tag-capteur d'humidité, basé sur l'utilisation de nano fils de silicium, est également présentéeChipless RFID tags, owing to their low cost, have opened a new way to the identification systems. Chipless RFID tags operating in the time domain have the advantage of being compatible with large reading distances of the order of a few meters, and also can operate in the ISM frequency bands. However, time domain tags developed until now offer poor coding capacity. This thesis proposes a new method to increase the coding capacity of tags operating in time domain by using C-sections, i.e. the transmission lines are folded so as to have tightly coupled zones that give them a dispersive nature. Another approach based on a multi-layer technique was also introduced, in order to increase the coding capacity considerably. Finally, the proof of concept of a humidity sensor tag based on silicon nanowires is also presented
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Jongsma, Candice Gene. "Investigating cotranslational integration of a multi-spanning membrane protein into the endoplasmic reticulum membrane". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2894.
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Ruiz, Vasquez Karla Liliana. "Effect of availability on multi-period planning of subsea oil and gas production systems". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-2905.
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Liu, Xiaoqun. "Design of multi-channel radio-frequency front-end for 200mhz parallel magnetic resonance imaging". [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3159.
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Ali, Rehan. "An Automated Analysis Of Single Particle Tracking Data For Proteins That Exhibit Multi Component Motion". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2018. https://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/870.
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Neurons are polarized cells with dendrites and an axon projecting from their cell body. Due to this polarized structure a major challenge for neurons is the transport of material to and from the cell body. The transport that occurs between the cell body and axons is called Axonal transport. Axonal transport has three major components: molecular motors which act as vehicles, microtubules which serve as tracks on which these motors move and microtubule associated proteins which regulate the transport of material. Axonal transport maintains the integrity of a neuron and its dysfunction is linked to neurodegenerative diseases such as, Alzheimer’s disease, Frontotemporal dementia linked to chromosome 17 and Pick’s disease. Therefore, understanding the process of axonal transport is extremely important.
Single particle tracking is one method in which axonal transport is studied. This involves fluorescent labelling of molecular motors and microtubule associated proteins and tracking their position in time. Single particle tracking has shown that both, molecular motors and microtubule associated proteins exhibit motion with multiple components. These components are directed, where motion is in one direction, diffusive, where motion is random, and static, where there is no motion. Moreover, molecular motors and microtubule associated proteins also switch between these different components in a single instance of motion.
We have developed a MATLAB program, called MixMAs, which specializes in analyzing the data provided by single particle tracking. MixMAs uses a sliding window approach to analyze trajectories of motion. It is capable of distinguishing between different components of motion that are exhibited by molecular motors and microtubule associated proteins. It also identifies transitions that take place between different components of motion. Most importantly, it is not limited by the number of transitions and the number of components present in a single trajectory. The analysis results provided by MixMAs include all the necessary parameters required for a complete characterization of a particle’s motion. These parameters are the number of different transitions that take place between different components of motion, the dwell times of different components of motion, velocity for directed component of motion and diffusion coefficient for diffusive component of motion.
We have validated the working of MixMAs by simulating motion of particles which show all three components of motion with all the possible transitions that can take place between them. The simulations are performed for different values of error in localizing the position of a particle. The simulations confirm that MixMAs accurately calculates parameters of motion for a range of localization errors. Finally, we show an application of MixMAs on experimentally obtained single particle data of Kinesin-3 motor.
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Guitarra, Silvana Raquel. "Modélisation multi-échelles des mémoires de type résistives (ReRAM)". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0537/document.
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Un modèle de commutation de mémoires résistives (ReRAM) est présenté. Celui-ci est basé sur deux hypothèses : (1) la commutation résistive est causée par des changements qui se produisent dans la zone étroite (région active) du filament conducteur sous l'influence du champ électrique et (2) la commutation résistive est un processus stochastique, donc régi par une probabilité. La région active est représentée par un réseau de connexions verticales, chacune composée de trois éléments électriques : deux d'entre eux sont de faible résistance tandis que le troisième agit comme un disjoncteur et peut être soit de résistance faible (LR) ou élevée (HR). Dans ce modèle, le changement d'état du disjoncteur est régi par une probabilité de commutation (P$_{s}$) qui est comparée à un nombre aléatoire « p ». P$_{s}$ dépend de la chute de tension le long du disjoncteur et de la tension de seuil, V$_{set}$ ou V$_{reset}$, pour définir les processus de « set » (HR à LR) et « reset » (LR à HR). Deux mécanismes de conduction ont été envisagés : ohmique pour un état LR et pour un état de résistance élevée l'effet tunnel facilité par un piège (TAT). Le modèle a été implémenté avec le langage de programmation Python et fonctionne avec une bibliothèque C externe qui optimise les calculs et le temps de traitement. Les résultats de la simulation ont été validés avec succès en les comparant avec des courbes courant-tension (IV) mesurées sur dispositifs ReRAM réels dont l'oxyde était fait de HfO$_{2}$ et pour neuf aires différentes. La flexibilité et la facilité de mise en œuvre de ce modèle de commutation résistive en font un outil puissant pour l'étude des ReRAMA model for the switching of resistive random-access memories (ReRAM) is presented. This model is based on two hypotheses: (1) the resistive switching is caused by changes that occur in the narrow zone (active region) of the conductive filament under the influence of the electric field and (2) the resistive switching is a stochastic process governed by a switching probability. The active region is represented by a net of vertical connections, each one composed of three electrical elements: two of them are always low resistive (LR) while the third one acts as a breaker and can be low or high resistive (HR). In the model, the change of the breaker's state is governed by a switching probability (P$_{s}$) that is compared with a random number $p$. P$_{s}$ depend on the voltage drop along the breaker and the threshold voltage, V$_{set}$ or V$_{reset}$ for set (HR to LR) or reset (LR to HR) processes. Two conduction mechanism has been proposed: ohmic for the low resistive state and trap-assisted tunneling (TAT) for the high resistive state. The model has been implemented in Python and works with an external C-library that optimizes calculations and processing time. The simulation results have been successfully validated by comparing measured and modeled IV curves of HfO$_{2}$-based ReRAM devices of nine different areas. It is important to note that the flexibility and easy implementation of this resistive switching model allow it to be a powerful tool for the design and study of ReRAM memories
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Ravikumar, Rahul. "Multi-scale texture analysis of remote sensing images using gabor filter banks and wavelet transforms". Thesis, [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3175.
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Ma, Jia-Shing y 馬嘉興. "An Efficient Scheduling Algorithm Based On Multi-frequency TAM for SOC Testing". Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20888709876584877208.
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碩士淡江大學
電機工程學系碩士班
94
Recent advance in TAM optimization has discussed broadly. The actual restrictions considered are more and more rigorous in their method. For example, they maybe think about the embedded core frequency or power consumption during TAM optimization. But some of the researches usually consider incomplete. It can not do the comprehensive doing in the test amount. Therefore, we take into account the optimization problem as below: first, as each core with different work frequency, we can roughly divide these cores into two sets; high and low frequency; second, each core has its own power consumption under test processes; third, the hierarchy relation does exist between each core. In recent years the advance of CMOS technology has led to a great development, especially on the complexity of the system-on-chip (SOC). It not only increases the layout complexity but also increase the degree of difficulty. As the development of circuit with different technology, the embedded cores embedded into system-on-chips (SOCs) usually have multi-frequency to drive it. In other words, a core may work under different clock cycles. This ability was restricted by its frequency limitation. The total is come to say, all of the core’s working frequency can be divided roughly into two kinds: low-frequency and high-frequency. If we want to test a core at high-speed, we must to be transported the test data at high data rate. This work can be done by ATEs include the Agilent 93000 series tester [1]. But the speech in fact, the test channels with high data rate are constrained on the ATE resource limitations, power rating of the SOC, and scan frequency limit for the embedded cores. On these premise, optimization technique must ensure all of the constraint has already considered, such that high-frequency channels can be used reasonable during SOC test. In this paper, we present a heuristic approach of TAM optimization according to the reality and reduce the test application time. Unlike prior methods that consider the incomplete situation, the proposed method is applicable to the real-world design model with hierarchy SOCs. We pay the price in hardware overhead in order to decrease test application time.
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Lin, Wei-Ting y 林威廷. "Multi-Objective Tag SNPs Selection Using Evolutionary Algorithm". Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/14025813629765581941.
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碩士國立中正大學
資訊工程所
97
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) has been widely studied in many purposes, of which most focus on selecting a small number of representative SNPs, called tag SNPs, for relative researches and haplotype identification. Since SNPs data may be unavailable from experimental error, robust tag SNPs are proposed to deal with missing SNP data. When the haplotype is long enough, it is expected that tag SNPs is capable of distinguishing some segments in the haplotype. This study formulates the tag SNPs selection problem into a multi-objective optimization problem, seeking for minimum tag SNPs, robust tag SNPs, and dissimilar haplotypes. A famous multiple objectives evolutionary algorithm, NSGA-II, and a many objectives evolutionary algorithm, MSOPS, are adopted to address multi-objective tag SNPs selection. Moreover, this study proposes a greedy based modification for these two algorithms to improve their performance. The experimental results show that MSOPS is superior to NSGA-II for this problem, and the greedy based modification for both algorithms further enhance their search ability. According to the integrated relations between objectives, the combination of diverse SNPs usually has lower tolerance for missing data and number of tag SNPs. This result comes from the rareness of the mutant nucleotides in a single human race, its occurrence is relatively less than wild nucleotides after natural selection.
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Shilabhadra, Srijeya y Mohammed Yasser. "Baseband Processor Design of Multi-purpose RFID Tag". Thesis, 2011. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/2651/1/The_Final_Thesis__(1).pdf.
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Radio frequency identification has found ubiquitous usage in today‟s industry. Object identification and tracking, supply chain management, anti-theft and fraud systems are just some of the uses RFID tags find in today‟s market. As the RFID technology competes with other technologies present in the market, a large amount of research has been undertaken in order to optimize the performance and cost factors of the readers and tags involved in the RFID system. Various implementations on different devices such as ICs and CMOS System on Chip (Soc) have been tried out. FPGAs are also being considered as a potential target device for implementing RFID systems.
This project aims at the design of an FPGA implementable RFID Tag processor design for the purpose of baseband signal processing. A new architecture has been proposed and implemented for this processor. This architecture takes into consideration the flexibility of the entire system with the help if independent sub modules. Also, the suggested architecture has taken into consideration the creation of an innovative single tag for multiple purposes which can interact with various types of readers and convey the required information to each one of them. The RFID tag has been designed in accordance to EPCglobal Class1 Generation2 standard for operation in the range of 860-960 MHz in the air interface.
The design of the tag components has been done with the help of XILINX and the verifications and analysis with ModelSim.
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HSU, CHUNG-CHIEH y 徐崇劼. "Biocompatibility and Antibacterial Behaviors of Porous-TaOxNy/TaN/TaN-Ag Multi-Layered Thin Films". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/27c5y6.
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碩士明志科技大學
材料工程系碩士班
106
TaON thin films are known to be biocompatible coatings. At the same time, it is also realized that the micro-porosity of films can play a very critical role to improve their cell attachment behaviors. In this study, TaOxNy-Cu(x,y=0~1) thin films were deposited onto TaN/TaN-Ag multi-layered structure using reactive co-sputtering. After deposition, the films were annealed, and Cu phase was totally etched away to form porous TaOxNy (p-TaOxNy) structures. These porous film built on TaN/TaN-Ag layers was used to induce antibacterial behavior and improve biocompatibility. The multi-layered films were characterized using XRD, FESEM, XPS and AFM. The results showed that the porosity of these films could be varied depending on diffusion barrier layer thickness, second annealing time, Cu contents thickness and O/N raitos. The samples were then tested for their biocompatibility and viability using MG-63 cells, and for the antibacterial efficiency against E. coli. According to the results obtained from biocompatibility and MTS assay testing, it was found that the pore size (or roughness) played a major role in terms of biocompatibility and cell viability. The antibacterial efficiency depends on the surface roughness and silver release.
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Bhochhibhoya, Rupesh. "Mobile tag reading in a multi-reader RFID environment". 2008. http://digital.library.okstate.edu/etd/umi-okstate-2827.pdf.
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Li, Ming-Hsien y 李明憲. "UHF Passive Tag Design for Multi-Carrier RFID Systems". Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57848612189506954242.
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碩士國立臺灣科技大學
電機工程系
101
Passive RFID system is the most popular system be used all over the world. In this system, a passive RFID tag gains its power from reader emitting electromagnetic wave, and backscatter its responding signal to the reader. However, Because of the large propagation loss, the accessible range of a passive RFID tag is hence limited. In order to mitigate the problems, a multi-carrier UHF passive RFID system utilizes isolated continuous wave emitters to provide additional power to passive RFID tags. This approach however reduces the modulation depth of reader command signals and results in reader signal demodulation error in a passive RFID tag. This work proposes a new passive RFID tag demodulation circuit which can extend the tag read range in a multi-carrier system. Two types of passive RFID tag architecture are proposed. One uses a narrow band impedance matching circuit before the envelope detector to prevent the signal from the continuous wave emitter passing through the demodulator. The other uses a band-pass SAW filter simulator, which is designed according to the specification of a real product, before the envelope detector to suppress the signal from the continuous wave emitter. Simulation results show that both tag designs can overcome the modulation depth constraint, and are in accordance with theoretical analysis. This study uses Agilent Advanced Design System software to simulate a multi-carrier passive RFID system, which is used to verify the proposed passive RFID tag design and to analyze its performance and feasibility.
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MacDonald, Christy. "Multi-Jurisdictional Tax Incentives and the Location of Innovative Activities". Thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10012/4595.
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In this dissertation, I explore the effect of tax incentives on where U.S. multinationals decide to locate their innovative activities worldwide. Research and development (R&D) tax incentives offered by foreign countries and differences between U.S. and foreign tax rates provide opportunities that may influence where multinationals decide to locate their innovative activities. Using firm-level patenting data that identifies the country-specific location of innovations from 1986 to 2000, I examine the relation between innovative activities performed in a foreign country and these tax incentives using the Heckman (1979) two step estimation approach. I find evidence that the foreign percentage of innovative activities is associated with the attractiveness of foreign R&D tax incentives and with an increase in the effect of U.S. R&D allocation rules. In addition, the results suggest that firms in excess foreign tax credit positions decrease the amount of R&D activities in a foreign location with increased foreign tax rates, consistent with income shifting incentives. In contrast, I find that the firms in deficit foreign tax credit positions increase their foreign R&D activities with increasing foreign tax rates. This study is the first to examine and provide evidence of the influence of foreign R&D tax incentives and income shifting incentives on a U.S. multinational’s decision on where to locate R&D activities.