Tesis sobre el tema "Systèmes renouvelables"
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Ramahaleomiarantsoa, Fanjason Jacques. "Diagnostic des systèmes à énergies renouvelables de type éolien". Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01022178.
Texto completoStoyanov, Ludmil. "Etude de différentes structures de systèmes hybrides à sources d'énergie renouvelables". Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653412.
Texto completoMantulet, Gabin. "La contribution des gaz renouvelables à la décarbonation des systèmes énergétiques". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALI029.
Texto completoThe problems linked to global warming imply the reduction of anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases. There are three pillars for decarbonizing energy systems, including the use of renewable energy. These are often assimilated to the electrical energy produced by the sun, wind, hydraulics or biomass. However, this electrical energy does not allow a deep decarbonization of all consumption sectors. The use of gas produced from these renewable energies and called "green gas" can overcome this by substituting fossil gas. The study of the penetration of these "renewable gases" is the subject of this thesis. To analyse the contribution of green gas to the decarbonization of energy sectors, the work carried out uses the long-term prospective model POLES (Prospective Outlook on Long-term Energy Systems). A module was created in the model to include a detailed representation of the green gas production system, linking resources to uses. The technologies of anaerobic digestion, gasification of biomass and the transformation of electricity into gas called power-to-gas have been modelled and their contributions in the energy consumption of consumption sectors estimated. The results show that renewable gas technologies play a role in the energy transition by doubling the production of fossil gas in the second half of the XXIst century. This gas allows the decarbonisation of the transport, industry and agriculture sectors. Nevertheless, the deployment of technologies is directly linked to the technical progress expected in the future because, at present, these technologies are for the majority too expensive to be competitive with the use of natural gas without carbon tax. In addition, development stems from the availability of local potential in terms of the biomass resources mobilized. Development trajectories are therefore quite different depending on local contexts, both in terms of resource availability and in terms of the political incentives to promote the deployment of green gases
Labbé, Julien. "L’ hydrogène électrolytique comme moyen de stockage d’électricité pour systèmes photovoltaïques isolés". Paris, ENMP, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENMP1434.
Texto completoStand alone systems supplied only by a photovoltaic generator need an energy storage unit to be fully self-sufficient. Lead acid batteries are commonly used to store energy because of their low cost, despite several operational constraints. A hydrogen-based energy storage unit (HESU) could be another candidate, including an electrolyser, a fuel cell and a hydrogen tank. However many efforts still need to be carried out for this technology to reach an industrial stage. In particular, market outlets must be clearly identified. The study of small stationary applications (few kW) is performed by numerical simulations. A simulator is developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment. It is mainly composed of a photovoltaic field and a storage unit (lead acid batteries, HESU, or hybrid storage HESU/batteries). The system component sizing is achieved in order to ensure the complete system autonomy over a whole year of operation. The simulator is tested with 160 load profiles (1 kW as a yearly mean value) and three locations (Algeria, France and Norway). Two coefficients are set in order to quantify the correlation between the power consumption of the end user and the renewable resource availability at both daily and yearly scales. Among the tested cases, a limit value of the yearly correlation coefficient came out, enabling to recommend the use of the most adapted storage to a considered case. There are cases for which using HESU instead of lead acid batteries can increase the system efficiency, decrease the size of the photovoltaic field and improve the exploitation of the renewable resource. In addition, hybridization of HESU with batteries always leads to system enhancements regarding its sizing and performance, with an efficiency increase by 10 to 40 % depending on the considered location. The good agreement between the simulation data and field data gathered on real systems enabled the validation of the models used in this study
Gonzalez, Vieyra Joel Abraham. "Estimation et Contrôle des Systèmes Dynamiques à Entrées Inconnues et Energies Renouvelables". Thesis, Ecole centrale de Lille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ECLI0012/document.
Texto completoNowadays, industrial processes must be efficient, particularly at the production level and/or energy consumption.This research work aims at improving the process efficiency by analysing the influences of disturbances on their behaviour, from the conception phase to the synthesis of controller/observer, in an integrated approach.The disturbance rejection problem is first introduced as well as different control laws allowing attenuate/reject these disturbances. A control law based on the concept of derivative state variable is presented and validated while applied as disturbance rejection.In order to reject the disturbance, different physical variables must be estimated, such as state variables, derivative state variables as disturbance variables. An unknown input observer based on the bond graph representation is recalled and extended in the multivariable case. It is the first theoretical contribution of this work.We thus compare the efficiency of different so-called «modern control laws» for the disturbance rejection problems by simulation with the Torsion-Bar system example. We analyse the efficiency of our approach. One extension to the Input-Output decoupling problem allows us to extend the disturbance rejection problem to other control law type in an integrated approach. At least, these techniques are applied on the real Torsion-Bar system and compared. We validate our approach.Since this work aims at analysing and developing efficient control laws for industrial processes, a simplified model of a hydroelectric plant is developed, in order to apply our results. A simplified bond graph model is validated with simulations
Bayem, Herman. "Apport des méthodes probabilistes aux études d'intégration des énergies renouvelables aux systèmes électriques". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00447151.
Texto completoBayem, Herman. "Apport des méthodes probabilistes aux études d’insertion des énergies renouvelables dans les systèmes électriques". Paris 11, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00447151.
Texto completoRenewable energy sources (RES) (especially wind and photovoltaic energy) have the particular feature of being variable and the controllabity of their production is very limited. For these reason, deterministic methods applied to RES' impact studies are inappropriate. The goal of this research work is to investigate the contribution of probabilistic methods for integration studies of RES in power systems. The management of parameters variations impacts on power systems brings up news challenges to system operators. The first step is the probabilistic modeling of the power system which is the first part of our work. The second step is the development of probabilistic methods which mix a probabilistic characterization of the power systems with a probabilistic model of RES production to estimate defined reliability criteria as well as probabilistic security criteria like risk of congestion, voltage level violations, etc. A probabilistic study is thus a risk analysis study, unlike a deterministic study which consists in the failure analysis of few specific situations. Pratical applications are presented and contributions of the probabilistic methods are discussed
Petipas, Floriane. "Conception et conduite de systèmes d’électrolyse à haute température alimentés par des énergies renouvelables". Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0015/document.
Texto completoPower-to-Gas could become an attractive solution for renewable electricity storage, provided that affordable electrolysers are able to operate efficiently under intermittent conditions. This work aims to assess the technical feasibility of operating intermittently a Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell (SOEC) system around 1073 K. Realistic unfavourable conditions are considered, consisting in a standalone system operated with no external heat source and integrating hydrogen compression to 3 MPa. Two challenges are tackled in this work: i) the system power load range, limited to 60-100% due to thermal gradients, is extended via efficient control strategies, ii) procedures are defined to minimise the impact of the intermittency on the lifetime. First, a modular control strategy is proposed, consisting in the use of several SOEC units which are either operated in a tolerable power load range, or switched off. The system power load range is hence extended to 15-100% in the case of four units. A complementary control strategy, consisting in internal electrical heating, enables to extend the load range by reducing thermal gradients, but it may decrease the lifetime. Thus, it is applied to only one unit for it to follow the load curve and extend the system power load range to 3-100%. Secondly, 1800 on-off electric cycles are applied to an SOEC with no degradation increase, which shows that repeated start/stops do not decrease the lifetime. Start-up, standby and shut-down procedures are also defined. Finally, two case studies of Wind-SOEC and Solar-SOEC systems operated over one year show that, with the implemented control strategies, the SOEC system stores the applied power with an average efficiency of 91% vs. HHV, while units operate under tolerable conditions apart from one unit which follows the load curve and may have a decreased lifetime
Petipas, Floriane. "Conception et conduite de systèmes d'électrolyse à haute température alimentés par des énergies renouvelables". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00873645.
Texto completoAcquaviva, Valérie. "Analyse de l’intégration des systèmes énergétiques à sources renouvelables dans les réseaux électriques insulaires". Corte, 2009. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00605573.
Texto completoThe aim of this PHD is to study the potential of the island grid connected PV systems. Our study foc uses on three kind of systems: integration pf Grid-connected PV plants; Rooftop PV systems to reduce volt drops at the end of the grid and a study on an experimental system. The first part shows the PV's contribution to the Corsican electric network. The simultaneity between the load and the power given by a PV plant is studied as weIl the Effective Load Capacity of the PV systems. The second part of this thesis deal with the residential area and more precisely the support of the electrical end of line via the PV solution. Lndeed, to this day many homes still have volt drops problems. To make sure that the user has maximum comfort, we have chosen this solution because the island has an important solar potential and also because users are more and more fond ofthis kind of energy. Finally, the third and final chapter shows the experimental part of the PHD. It talks about the modelisation of a small grid-connected system located on the university site of Vignola. Five years of monitoring data were studied. Analysing the performances and the grid / inverter interaction showed the production problems linked to the frequency and impendency variations. The necessary modifications to the inverter's parameters have led to very satisfactory results. This work offers an analysis of the integration of PV units to the island's electrical network and will have to be completed by a more thorough study of the grid / inverter interaction
Saidi, Majdi. "Contribution à l'optimisation des systèmes hybrides de production énergétique à base de sources renouvelables". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021AIXM0627.
Texto completoThis thesis is a contribution to the optimal design of hybrid systems for energy production. The proposed work is organised in three parts. The first part is dedicated to an energy analysis at the level of the national electricity grid. The aim is to study the possibility of integrating sub-grids consisting of a set of producer-operators connected to the main grid. The aim is to strengthen the decentralisation of energy production, taking into account the specific needs and availability of renewable sources. To achieve this, the approach is to optimise the cost of the installation for the producer-operator and the subsidy rates provided by the supporting state, while avoiding financial speculation. The second part deals with the problem of sizing hybrid systems by optimal load adaptation, and the approach is carried out in two parts. In the first part, the load is modelled taking into account the specific constraints of the operation. Then, in the second part, an optimisation of the structure is carried out according to the available energy. To illustrate the relevance of the approach, an application to a concrete case of a company is performed. The third part is devoted to the specific case of a nomadic application. First, the different constraints characteristic of this type of application (energy security, design cost, etc.) are determined and the different optimisation problems associated with the specific objectives are defined. Then, a case study expressed as an optimisation problem of a multi-objective nature is stated. Finally, optimal solutions are identified through artificial intelligence tools and application
Muselli, Marc. "Systèmes énergétiques pour la production d'eau douce potable et d'électricité". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pascal Paoli, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00603643.
Texto completoVechiu, Ionel. "Modélisation et analyse de l'intégration des énergies renouvelables dans un réseau autonome". Le Havre, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00179164.
Texto completoIn many of the remote areas, the diesel generator is the main source of power supply. The cost of grid extension is, and will probably continue to be, prohibitive and the fuel cost increases severely with the remoteness of the location. The combination of several energy sources (wind turbines, photovoltaic panels, small hydroelectric power plants etc. ) in a Hybrid Power System (HPS) can be very attractive for most of the remote areas, in terms of cost and availability. However, improvements of the design and operation of the HPS is still needed to allow this technology more competitive in remote areas. In this context, the work presented in this thesis gives a contribution to the behaviour analysis and the performances control of an HPS constituted by two renewable sources, a diesel generator and storage batteries. This kind of system is studied according to three aspects: sizing, maximizing the use of the renewable resource and power quality
Dagdougui, Hanane. "Système d'aide à la décision pour la durabilité des systèmes énergétiques renouvelables et des infrastructures d'hydrogène : modélisation, contrôle et analyse de risques". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00679421.
Texto completoRoth, Anastasia. "Développement de méthodologies génériques pour la conception optimale et durable des parcs hybrides d'énergies renouvelables". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0036/document.
Texto completoSustainable growth issues and climate change imply to shift our society organisation towards new paradigms. In the energy sector, it is illustrated by an energy transition via renewables. Within this context and the support of the company VALOREM, we propose a methodology for the sustainable development and design of renewable infrastructures. By using a Model Driven Engineering approach, we were able to adopt several viewpoints on renewable energy issues, while keeping a consistent scientific approach. First of all, from a holistic stance, we developed a conceptual framework for land settlement development process. Thanks to its modelling with UML2 and a methodology to assess the sustainability of processes, it can be used to analyse the trajectory of sociotechnical systems. The framework was tested on two case studies: the success of El Hierro hydrowind power plant implementation in Canary Islands and the failure of the Sivens dam project in the south of France. Their comparison shows that implication of stakeholders at all stages of the development process is crucial for the success of the project. We further propose to implement the conceptual framework as a software tool for the monitoring of land settlement project in real time, with the help of artificial intelligence concepts. However, this proposition was deemed not in line with Valorem’s priorities and we decided to focus on a technical instantiation of the framework for Hybride Renewable Energy Systems (HRES), which design and operation are part of VALOREM’s activity. As, the energy transition implies to change the electrical system model from a centralized to a decentralized one, there exists a need for a grassroots sizing tool for identifying new HRES opportunities. A software prototype for the grassroot optimal design of HRES was developed, offering flexibility in terms of modelling, setting constraints and defining objective functions. It is coded in C++ and based on linear programming model. We showed its relevance on four HRES case studies: two related to electricity market and two for self-supply of energy (one isolated and the other grid-connected). The results show that battery costs are too high to be profitable in HRES and that grid-connected systems seems to be a good alternative. Finally, we carried out an environmental impact assessment of several sources of electricity production to find out which are the “cleaner” ones. The results show that biomass, wind turbines and ground PV are those that should be considered for a sustainable energy transition. In the conclusion, we step back to a more complex viewpoint and develop perspectives to model human interactions within territory development process
Soulas, Marcel. "Contribution à l'étude des transferts énergétiques dans les milieux polyphasiques : application aux systèmes complexes valorisant les énergies renouvelables". Angers, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986ANGE0005.
Texto completoPoggi, Philippe. "INTEGRATION DES SYSTEMES ENERGETIQUES A SOURCES RENOUVELABLES DANS LES RESEAUX ELECTRIQUES INSULAIRES". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Pascal Paoli, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00604868.
Texto completoIggidr, Abderrahman. "ANALYSE, OBSERVATION ET CONTRÔLE DE CERTAINS BIO-SYSTÈMES". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00557588.
Texto completoChalal, Lamine. "Coordination de systèmes multisources pour favoriser la production d’énergie électrique renouvelable". Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL10006/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is devoted to the supervision of the hybrid power generation system composed of various types of sources including renewable sources and electrochemical storage elements. Chapter I is devoted to the state of the art of supervision of such hybrid systems. In this chapter, the context and the scope of our study are defined and the advantages-disadvantages of each such strategy are presented. Our vision for the supervision of a multi-sources system that integrates sources of renewable resources is presented thereafter. In Chapter II we specify the hybrid system and the models of each component in order to integrate them into a supervision structure. Chapter III deals with the design of a supervisory predictive controller which optimizes the power flow of a renewable hybrid system (solar panels, micro-turbine and battery). Short time predictions of the solar power and the power reference are embedded in the supervisor. The performance index integrates the environmental impact, the cost of fuel, battery cycling and the energy delivery. Simulations and a real-time application of a model-in-the-Loop plant are carried out to illustrate the applicability and electiveness of the proposed supervisory predictive control design. Chapter IV aims to show the generic properties of the proposed supervisory system. In fact, a wind turbine has been added to the hybrid system and the cost function has been modified. The real-time simulations show the effectiveness of the proposed power management system. Then, the turbine is controlled in degraded mode in order to reduce the impact of wind speed fluctuation with respect to the power reference. The cost function has been modified to meet these new requirements. Finally, the potential benefits of considering a dynamic prediction horizon are explained. The variation of the prediction horizon is performed according to the relevance of the predictions of renewable resources. Tested on an experimental platform combining real components and real-time simulation models (Model-in-the-loop), the results show the validity of all the developed concepts
Costa, Luís Miguel. "Gestion de cellules des systèmes électriques intégrant des sources de production stochastiques". Paris, ENMP, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ENMP1631.
Texto completoEnergy supply and climate change are nowadays two of the most outstanding problems which societies have to cope with under a context of increasing energy needs. Public awareness of these problems is driving political willingness to take actions for tackling them in a swift and efficient manner. Such actions mainly focus in increasing energy efficiency, in decreasing dependence on fossil fuels, and in reducing greenhouse gas emissions. In this context, power systems are undergoing important changes in the way they are planned and managed. On the one hand, vertically integrated structures are being replaced by market structures in which power systems are unbundled. On the other, power systems that once relied on large power generation facilities are witnessing the end of these facilities' life-cycle and, consequently, their decommissioning. The role of distributed energy resources such as wind and solar power generators is becoming increasingly important in this context. However, the large-scale integration of such type of generation presents many challenges due, for instance, to the uncertainty associated to the variability of their production. Nevertheless, advanced forecasting tools may be combined with more controllable elements such as energy storage devices, gas turbines, and controllable loads to form systems that aim to reduce the impacts that may be caused by these uncertainties. This thesis addresses the management under market conditions of these types of systems that act like independent societies and which are herewith named power system cells. From the available literature, a unified view of power system scheduling problems is also proposed as a first step for managing sets of power system cells in a multi-cell management framework. Then, methodologies for performing the optimal day-ahead scheduling of single power system cells are proposed, discussed and evaluated under both a deterministic and a stochastic framework that directly integrates the uncertainty information into the scheduling process. Results show that the utilization of the proposed approaches may lead to important advantages for operators managing these types of power system cells
Gaztañaga, Arantzamendi Haizea. "Étude de structures d'intégration des systèmes de génération décentralisée : application aux microréseaux". Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPG0179.
Texto completoThe present PhD deals with an original microgrid concept and its application as a Renewable Energy Source’s (RES) grid integration scheme. This microgrid is composed of RES generators as well as support systems that incorporate additional functionalities in order to improve RES integration into the grid. According to this concept, two practical microgrid applications have been studied in detail: a residential microgrid and a wind farm supported by DFACTS systems (STATCOM and DVR). In both applications, the control structures which are implemented at different levels and applied to the differents microgrid elements have been developed, analyzed by means of off-line simulations and finally validated in real-time conditions with physical reduced-scale prototypes
Taillant, Pierre. "L' analyse évolutionniste des innovations technologiques : l'exemple des énergies solaire photovoltaïque et éolienne". Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10066.
Texto completoLamache-De, Resseguier Corinne. "La géomatique au service de l'électrification rurale des pays en développement : application au Vietnam". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS002S.
Texto completoThe electrification of " developing countries " is a necessity. To carry it out, one has to take into account " sustainable development ", by using clean and unlimited energies and by adjusting the offer to the need. For that, it is necessary to determine the energy needs so as to offer suitable electrification solutions. The evaluation of energy needs is, most often, carried out by socio-economic surveys which allow evaluation of the solvent need. Added to those socio-economic characteristics, spatial and geographic parameters have a determining role in the choice of the suitable electrification system. Yet electrification planning in rural areas often neglects those parameters. To help planning electrification in rural areas of developing countries, some tools already exist. These tools give the opportunity to locate sites with energy resources or to electrification systems. Some of those tools use GIS and do both functions without taking into account precise households' location nor the needs. Gis'Elec has been developed to give an answer to these lacks : helping rural planification of developing countries taking into account the limits of actual tools. Gis'Elec is an innovative tool which has many advantages : it takes into account the households' location and the type of use, as well as being easy to use. The field we chose to validate the tool is the mountains of the centre of Vietnam. The inhabitants are poor and not connected to the national electric grid. A field study has been engaged with a GPS survey and to identify the needs of the populations. These data have then been treated and entered into Gis'Elec to test the tool and the methodology on a real case
Zhang, Lu. "Optimisation du dimensionnement de centrales hybrides de production d'énergie électrique associant les énergies renouvelables et traditionnelles sur un territoire donné". Le Havre, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LEHA0006.
Texto completoThe rapid depletion of conventional energy sources , increasing global demand for energy and the fight against emissions in recent years have renewed interest in the development of renewable energy sources. In this context, the objective of this work is to contribute to finding solutions to the problem of Sizing Electric Hybrid Systems Dispersed Generation of Electricity (SEHPRE) by combining renewable and conventional sources for remote sites where the price of the extension is prohibitive. Our approach has been to formulate the problem of sizing SEHPRE in a nonlinear constrained optimization problem whose main objective function is the total cost of SEHPRE over 20 years. After a review, based on a scientific literature, the energy models of various elements constituting a SEHPRE are developed based on available meteorological data. The program OPTISEH dedicated to the sizing optimization of SEHPRE was then developed and implemented in MATLAB®. This code has been tested under the design of several structures SEHPRE to satisfy the consumption profile of a residential unit on a small power site in the region of Le Havre. Finally and for each optimal structures SEHPRE obtained a detailed analysis linking these solutions to the site and energy resources consumption profile was performed and discussed their relevance
Bianco, Cécile. "Un système expert pour l'intégration des énergies renouvelables dans le système européens de distribution d'énergie : cas de la valorisation énergétique des déchets et de la biomasse". Aix-Marseille 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX11025.
Texto completoAhmed, Mariam Samir. "Optimisation de contrôle commande des systèmes de génération d'électricité à cycle de relaxation". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENT019/document.
Texto completoOne of our current major challenges is decarbonizing the electric grid by eliminating fuel based electricity generators, and replacing them preferably by nature-friendly publicly accepted resources. That is where renewable energy resources raise as a promising solution. Power relaxation-cycle systems represent an interesting and particular class of renewable. Such a system needs to regain periodically a state that allows energy production. Hence, it has two phases: A generation during which the system is working in its "power" region and is able to generate power and a recovery phase that starts when the system reaches its power region boundaries and resets the system's state to start a new generation phase, which results in power consumption. The main focus of this PhD dissertation is the kite-based traction system, named thereafter the kite generator system (KGS), which emerged as an important class of renewable energy systems that uses relaxation phases. It is a solution proposed to extract energy from the steady and strong wind found in high altitudes. Its operation principle is to mechanically drive a ground-based electric generator using one or several tethered kites. The problematic is divided into two objectives: 1 - Optimization and control of the relaxation cycle to maximize the system's average produced power. Two control strategies are proposed for this purpose: A nonlinear model predictive control (NMPC) based and virtual constraints control (VCC) based one. 2 - Integration of the system on the electric grid or employing it to supply an isolated load. These problems are addressed in this thesis, realized in Grenoble Electrical Engineering laboratory (G2ELab) with collaboration with Grenoble Image Parole Signal Automatique laboratory (GIPSA-Lab)
Tehfe, Mohamad Ali. "Etude de nouveaux systèmes amorceurs pour des polymérisations radicalaires ou cationiques". Phd thesis, Université de Haute Alsace - Mulhouse, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00694133.
Texto completoCatalina, Tiberiu. "Estimation of residential buildings energy consumptions and analysis of renewable energy systems using a multi-criteria decision methodology". Lyon, INSA, 2009. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2009ISAL0058/these.pdf.
Texto completoEuropean Union (EU) has agreed a forward-looking political agenda to achieve its core energy objectives of sustainability, competitiveness and security of supply, by reducing greenhouse gas emissions through an increase of the share of renewable in the energy consumption and by improving energy efficiency. The main issues of renewable energy sources large scale use are related to the sizing of the systems, the choice among a large variety of alternatives face to a certain number of criteria, and finally the control of these sources. In the near future, more and more the RES will cohabit with fossil energy source systems and research has to be pointed towards solutions that are energy efficiently, economical viable and environmental friendly. In this thesis, the research work is focus on finding and proposing solutions that could be the answers for the first two main issues presented previous, especially on the second issue which is the choice of systems face to several criteria. The first part treats the issues related to the heating, domestic hot water and electricity energy demand assessment, from the estimation to the impact factors. At this level it is described a new methodology developed to estimate the heating demand of residential buildings in temperate climate by using polynomial regression models obtained from a database of values from dynamic simulations. The second part examines the modeling techniques to obtain the renewable energy supply profiles which are further used in the multicriteria decision analysis. In the third part, a multicriteria decision support methodology concept is de-scribed (ELECTRE III) and then applied for an example. The decision support algorithm has its bases on the developed models and realizes the outranking of the possible. Finally, the theories, algorithms and models that have described in the thesis have been encapsulated in the development of a decision support-tool specifically aimed to aid strategic decisions regarding renewable technology integration and making quick parametric studies on the building energy consumptions. In the last part of the thesis a complete analysis of a study case (Mozart dwelling) is realized with application of the proposed methodologies
Chane, Kuang Sang Laurent. "Stratégie de contrôle hybride d'un magnétron verrouillé par injection pour un Transport d'Énergie Sans Fil par onde hyperfréquence". La Réunion, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00464105/fr/.
Texto completoWith the aim to put forward an alternative renewable and large-scale energy source to Mankind P. Glaser presented the project of Solar Power Satellite to the american spatial agency. This scheme consists in collecting directly in space the solar energy before being targeted on a terrestrial reception base by means of a focused microwave beam. This principle is founded on the concept of Wireless Power Transportation (WP1). To complete this project successfully, a preliminary "earthwork" strategy is adopted by the international researchers community, before upgrading to a spatial project. In terrestrial point-to-point WPT systems prototypes or proposals, one of the preferred microwave power projection system consists in a phased array antenna supplied by individual mid-power range microwave sources : magnetron. To be efficiently coupled to projecting systems and to allow electronic steering and beam-forming, magnetrons have to be synchronised to a reference frequency and controlled in phase and amplitude. For this purpose, this research wQrk presents a new approach of the control of the output parameters of an injection /ocked magnetron. Ln order to take into account the non linear behaviour of this microwave tube, an hybrid control strategy was designed to control the amplitude and frequency of a magnetron in fixed-load operations. This control algorithm involves a non linear artificial neural network modelling the plant inversion mapping, in combination with a classical linear PID feedback controller. Supervised and Generalized learning with experimental databases collected from a magnetron measurement bench developed in our laboratory was adopted to identify the neural controller. A dynamical - control architecture, which switches either on a non linear control loop or a classical linear PID feedback loop, allows to drive the frequency and amplitude of the magnetron, while its phase remains steady, all over the injection locking bandwith
Darras, Christophe. "Modélisation de systèmes hybrides photovoltaïque / Hydrogène : applications site isolé, micro-réseau, et connexion au réseau électrique dans le cadre du projet PEPITE (ANR PAN-H)". Corte, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CORT0004.
Texto completoEnR/H2 hybrid systems appear to be an innovative solution to the renewable energies storage problems. These systems include : one or several renewable energy sources ; an electrolyzer that produces hydrogen and oxygen when the renewable energy source can provide an excess of energy ; in the other hand, when the load exceeds the capacity of the renewable source, the fuel cell consumes the gases and supply the difference of energy to the load. With the aim to develop these solutions in the future : it is necessary to constitute a set of architectural references corresponding to the target applications for the EnR/H2 hybrid systems ; and to develop a decision-making instrument allowing to optimize the sizing of each sub-systems according to several criteria (system energy efficiency or the electricity costs). A numerical sizing code under language MATLAB®, named ORIENTE, was thus developed within the framework of the research works which have joined the project ANR PEPITE (ANR-07-PANH-012). The various partners of this project are the HELION Company, the University of Corsica, the CEA, the INPT - LAPLACE and ARMINES. The applications concerned by this code, are electrification of isolated sites, micro-electricity grid energy management and reducing load peaks on an electrical grid. The first application will be treated via a demonstrator which will be installed at Cadarache in the beginning of 2011, on the site of the CEA, that concerns the supply of a meteorological pylon. This application is supported by the poles of competitiveness CAPENERGIES and TENERRDIS. The second application concerns the study of a micro-grid on the site of MAFATE (on La Réunion Island). This work is in partnership with the ARER. The last application, named MYRTE project was treated through a technological platform on the site of Vignola (near Ajaccio) for control-command strategies to answer the reducing load peaks on an electrical grid and the smoothing of the photovoltaic production. This platform is financed by the Corsica region, the French government and European Union (FEDER). This application was the object of a labellised by CAPENERGIES
Rodney, Elodie. "Développement d’une méthode de gestion des risques de projet et d’aide à la décision en contexte incertain : application au domaine des énergies renouvelables". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0399/document.
Texto completoRisk is an inherent property of each project. Indeed, any project faces, throughout its whole life cycle, numerous risks. Those risks can have an internal or an external origin. Be able to control risks is a crucial stake for the project success. Many risk management tools have been developed, but have the recurring weakness of representing only the project and treating the risk in isolation. Risks affect the project and are generated by the project itself. So, it is necessary to consider the numerous and complex interactions between project, environment and risks.The work carried out aims to develop a risk management method suitable for all types of projects and more particularly for projects of the competitive field of renewable energies.This method relies on a formal framework, as well as on application tools to optimize project risk management. Indeed, a modeling framework which supports the method and aims to facilitate the modeling of the project as a complex system has been developed. Moreover, the representation of the interactions and the decision making have been allowed by the nature of the attributes characterizing the entities of the project and its environment and the different models for evaluation, interpretation and selection of alternatives. This method was adapted to the uncertain context. For this purpose, uncertainties have been identified and described via the realization of a data base on risk factors. Then, uncertainties have been formalized, propagated and evaluated
Abdou, Tankari Mahamadou. "Système multi-sources de production d'énergie électrique : méthode de dimensionnement d'un système hybride et mise en œuvre expérimentale de l'optimisation de la gestion d'énergie". Le Havre, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LEHA0011.
Texto completoThis work is funded by the "Region Haute Normandie", the University of Le Havre and the GREAH laboratory, within the scope of research activities developed in the decades by GREAH laboratory on integration of renewable energy sources in systems of power generation and energy storage. The hybrid system considered consists of a wind generator, a diesel generator, photovoltaic panels, ultracapacitors and lead acid batteries for supplying the autonomous site (consumers). The wind power generator and photovoltaic panels are regulated at their maximum power to increase the penetration ratio of the renewable energy. The wind power fluctuations are dispatched between ultracapacitors and batteries according to the dynamics of each source. The using of ultracapacitors reduces the number of the battery cycles of charges and discharges, thereby improving its life and reduces its size. Because of the battery is the weak link of the system, we introduce a method to estimate its lifetime. The diesel generator is interfaced with the power electronics in aims to regulate the DC-bus voltage while compensating the difference between the load demand and the average value of the wind power. Fluctuations induced by the wind power generator are being absorbed by the storage devices. The diesel generator compensates only low frequencies energy compatible with its dynamics. This method can improve the performance of the diesel engine and can reduce the fuel consumption. The control laws of power converters and the energy transfer management methods are developed from a study of the technological characteristics of different components of the system. The modelling and sizing of the physical system is conducted in aim to perform the experimental implementation. The power electronic converters and the acquiring system (and measuring) are realised in the laboratory. During the experiments, different sources are inserted into the system in an evolutionary way to highlight the constraints and interactions introduced by each interconnected source. This also allows us to develop solutions tailored to each situation and to continue the experiments efficiently. Indeed, the insertion of a new source generally disrupts the stability of the system and often requires a readjustment of the parameters of the overall system regulation. Analyses of experimental results show the effectiveness of the strategy proposed for the energy management and the control of power converters
Ibrahim, Idowu David. "Development of Smart Parabolic Trough Solar Collector for Water Heating and Hybrid Polymeric Composite Water Storage Tank". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASG049.
Texto completoIn recent years, various energy sources and methods have been used to heat water in domestic and commercial buildings. The known sources for water heating include electrical energy and solar radiation energy in the urban regions or burning of firewood in the rural areas. Several water heating methods may be used such as electrical heating elements, solar concentrators, flat plate collectors and evacuated tube collectors. This thesis focuses on ways to further improve the system’s performance for water heating through the combined use of solar energy and solar concentrator technique. Furthermore, the study proposed an alternative design method for the hot water storage tank.The solar collector-supporting frame was designed and analysed using Solidworks®. The forces acting on the structural members were simulated to determine the capacity of the frame to sustain the load, and the possible regions on the supporting frame, which could potentially fail while in operation.Energy performance was simulated for five years of operation using Matlab Simulink® software. This simulation was based on the use of three different data. The first is a five-year weather database of the City of Tshwane in South Africa. The second is a hot water consumption profile for a typical household. The third is the cost of additional heating with electricity depending on the time of use. This simulation allowed the validation of the choices of the different elements of the heating system.This study allowed the development of an approach for the design of a solar heating system by optimising the dimensions of the different elements for a typical household and a specific region.In addition, the use of polymeric materials and other materials like polyurethane, salt and aluminium is possible for the development of a hot water storage tank based on their inherent properties.Extending the findings in this thesis will further improve the designs for solar concentrator technologies and solar water heating systems. Therefore, some recommendations and suggestions are highlighted in order to improve the overall system design, analysis and performance
Ciocan, Alexandru. "Contributions aux systèmes de stockage d’énergie en utilisant des systèmes hybrides à partir de sources d’énergie alternatives". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017IMTA0028/document.
Texto completoThe thesis entitled «Contributions to energy storage using hybrid systems from alternative energy sources» proposes a study of the energy storage technologies knowing the fact that these are considered one of the options that can facilitate a high penetration of renewable sources. In this context, the presented work aims to understand challenges in terms of energy storage and to develop a general studying model using compressed air as an energy storage medium.The thesis is structured in ten chapters from which the first four are dedicated to the presentation of the renewable energy sources potential, to the energy sector evolution in the last decades and to the energy storage technologies, especially in the form of compressed air. The other six chapters are dealing with the theoretical thermodynamic calculations as far as that goes in investigating the performances of a hybrid energy storage system and presenting a mathematical model containing the steps taken into account in the renewable energy conversion into mechanical energy, stored in a form of compressed air and later reconverted into electricity. In addition these chapters present experimental data obtained on a laboratory installation which helped in validating the theoretical results obtained following a Matlab simulation, and finally a case study for a small scale application, 30 kWh of energy stored, where is aiming to find an optimal configuration of the whole system in terms of air working pressure, being analyzed from two points of view, technical and economic. The thesis ends with a chapter of general conclusions and indicates that there are still challenges that must be overcome in order to make the energy storage in a form of compressed air a feasible solution from an economic perspective
Costa, Luis. "Gestion de cellules des systèmes électriques intégrant des sources de production stochastiques". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00409587.
Texto completoMouhammad, Al Anfaf Mohamed Mladjao. "Contribution à la modélisation et à l’optimisation de systèmes énergétiques multi-sources et multi-charges". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0127/document.
Texto completoGlobal energy demand continues to rise. The fossil fuel prices are unstable and uncertain. The liberalization of the electricity market and environmental awareness of the global leaders are levers for the development of renewable energy. These are growing at a rapid pace in the world. They reached technical maturity that enables them to become an important segment of the energy industry. Their integration in the energy mix poses new challenges compared to traditional energy sources. With an underexploited potential, photovoltaic and wind energy are advantageous economically and environmentally. However, their intermittent decreases their energy efficiency when operated. The use of hybrid systems (multi-sources) combining these renewable energy sources, the national distribution network (historical grid) and conventional storage systems, is generally regarded by all as a future solution, both efficient and reliable. Thereby, it is necessary to rethink the structure of electrical networks and energy markets, and changes in network management methods. In this context, the foreseen intake with this thesis is to contribute to the modeling and optimization of multi- load multi- source systems to power both remote sites “closeness energy” (campus, village) and large sites such as French regions through their interconnection "pooling ". Different scenarios of management and different configurations of the systems are modeled, tested and compared to analyze the effectiveness and robustness of each case. A complete technical and economic analysis is performed in order to study the feasibility of each system. To demonstrate the validation of these models, studies were performed on a French university campus, a Micro-grid in Mali and three French regions. These latter have been applied to an original interconnection model based on Petri nets for decision support in terms of network configuration and control of energy flows exchanged between interconnected producers/consumers territories without storage
Maslov, Jayet de Gercourt Nicolas. "Approche multicritère pour la recherche de site et l'optimisation de technologies d'énergies marines renouvelables". Thesis, Brest, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BRES0109/document.
Texto completoThe research developed in this thesis introduces a methodological approach whose objective is to facilitate the search of a favorable site for the installation of a marine energy converter park in the maritime domain. In order to efficiently install a marine energy farm in a suitable region, two main objectives are considered. The first one is to identify the best location for a given technology, and the second one aims is to find the optimal farm configuration and the most adequate technologies for a given region.The introduced methodology is based on a combination of Geographic Information Systems (GIS), multi-criteria analysis (MCA) and an optimization algorithm. Three main criteria are considered in the approach: the global cost of the project, quantity of energy produced and social acceptance. The social acceptance criterion is evaluated by the MCA. The MCA retained is Electre III. The research develops a combination of Electre and GIS analysis that takes into account the conflicting nature of the different spatial constraints. The geographical dimension is taken into account thanks to a grid-oriented structural representation in which each elementary region is ranked according to the potentialities and the conflicts that may arise. The approach is complemented by the application of a genetic algorithm whose objective is to select the technical options for each spatial subdivision in order to optimize the criteria of cost and produced energy by the converters. The last step of the methodology applies Electre again to provide a decision-aid support. The whole approach generates a potential classification of the different sub-regions of the maritime space considered, according to the different technologies considered, and this by summarizing the three main criteria. Overall the method provides a decision-aid system based on the flexibility offered by the Electre parameters that can be used by both engineers and decisionmakers when studying the potentiality offered by the development of marine energy converters
Phrakonkham, Sengprasong. "Contribution au pré dimensionnement et à l'optimisation des sites de production d'énergie électrique en site isolé à partir des énergies renouvelables : application au cas du Laos". Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112138.
Texto completoSince 2004, a collaboration between Université Paris Sud of France and the Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Engineering, National University of Laos (NUOL) has been carried out on the control of power electronics for the management of renewable energies source in Laos. Therefore in 2009, the French Government has funded a PhD thesis on the development of a designing tool for the early-sizing of renewable electricity production for isolated villages in Laos. This thesis report is organized in three chapters:Chapter I presents a short review of the status and development plans for the electrification of Laos. Then, based on a two-month field study in Northern Laos, analyses of energy consumptions of households in isolated villages and available renewable sources, using small scale hydro power plants and solar systems among others, are presented. Afterward, micro-grid configurations and technologies adapted to Laos are discussed. Obtained results are used in the next chapters as specifications for the designing tool.Chapter II focuses on software tools for system design and system modeling. First, a short review of the existing early-sizing tools for renewable energy sources for isolated villages is presented. But an analysis of evaluated software's such as LEAP, HOMER, HOGA, etc. shows that they are not opened enough to facilitate the development of a flexible and scalable designing too. Thus, Matlab/Simulink software is chosen as an open and highly adaptable architecture research tool. Then, specific models for renewable sources, storage devices, grid configuration are developed in order to facilitate the optimization procedures of an off-grid system design. After that, a short review of the existing optimization algorithms, available in Matlab, is carried out. Then, a paralleled mono-objective Genetic Algorithm is configured and applied in the next chapter.Chapter III presents several designs of isolated villages in Laos, using renewable energies. The specifications focus on isolated villages of about 50 houses for 120 inhabitants. The economic aspect is a key point in order to minimize costs of designed system while satisfying daily load demands of the village. For this task, locally available natural resources such as rivers and solar radiation are considered as energy sources. Various optimizations using continuous and discrete optimization algorithms are conducted taken into account the sources constraints and a short review of the existing hybrid system performance indicators is carried out, such as: Loss of Power Supply Probability, Forced outage rates, Annualized Cost of System, Levelized Cost of Energy, etc. Finally, the results obtained in this thesis show that renewable sources can be used at a reasonable price for off-grid electrification of isolated villages in Laos. Moreover, the developed designing tool can easily be adapted to new models of renewable sources and storage devices, which is the main interest of a designing tool for the early-sizing of off-grid renewable electricity production for isolated villages in Laos
Klaimi, Joelle. "Gestion multi-agents des smart grids intégrant un système de stockage : cas résidentiel". Thesis, Troyes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TROY0006/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the decentralized management using multi-agent systems of energy, including renewable energy sources, in the smart grid context. Our research aims to minimize consumers’ energy bills by answering two key challenges: (1) handle the problem of intermittency of renewable energy sources; (2) reduce energy losses. To overcome the problem of renewable resources intermittency and in order to minimize energy costs even during peak hours, we integrated an intelligent storage system. To this end, we propose many algorithms in order to use intelligent storage systems and multi-agent negotiation algorithm to reduce energy cost while maintaining a minimal discharge rate of the battery and minimal energy loss. The validation of our contributions has shown that our proposals respond to the identified challenges, including reducing the cost of energy for consumers, in comparison to the state of the art
Père, Valentin. "Contributions au contrôle et au dimensionnement des micro-réseaux par apprentissage par renforcement : application aux systèmes avec production renouvelable et stockage hybride batterie-hydrogène". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale des Mines d'Albi-Carmaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023EMAC0018.
Texto completoCombining photovoltaic panels with an electrochemical battery reduces the daily phase difference between electricity production and demand in a microgrid. For long-term electricity storage, the combined use of an electrolyzer, hydrogen storage and a fuel cell offers the possibility of conserving electricity produced in summer to meet increased winter demand. Optimal real-time control of microgrid storage units is hampered by random data and the non-linear dynamic behavior of the units over long time horizons. This work presents a methodology for sizing and controlling a microgrid comprising photovoltaic electricity production, a lithium-ion battery and hydrogen storage, based on economic, environmental and technical objectives. The sizing of the units in a microgrid establishes their constraints of use, while the criteria to be optimized for its sizing (such as the cost of energy, the rate of self-consumption, the probability of breakdowns) depend on the management of these units. This interdependence justifies the development of a sizing methodology coupled with long-term energy management algorithm. The management of a microgrid is influenced by random variables such as demand and the energy produced at any given time. Reinforcement learning is a sequential decision-making methodology based on a dynamic model of the system that can adapt its strategy to random data. As a first step, a reinforcement learning control methodology is adopted by integrating non-linearities such as the aging of the storage system. Reinforcement learning enabled the energy management system to maintain an effective unit control policy with respect to the targeted criteria. This effectiveness is maintained despite different data and a longer time horizon than those on which the model was built. The control strategies developed suggest that the advantages of long-term electricity storage depend on the characteristics of the microgrid, and in particular on the amplitude of demand and the capacity of the battery. The study shows that a compromise must be found between the economic profitability of the microgrid and the guarantee of its autonomy. A bi-level optimization method is developed to achieve optimal unit sizing and energy management. The control of the microgrid by reinforcement learning forms the inner loop, while unit sizing is carried out using a simulated-annealing algorithm in the main loop. Particular attention is paid to minimizing computing time, by developing a method for transferring control policy from one iteration of the main loop to another. Offline reinforcement learning has been used to learn unit control strategies without random interaction with the microgrid simulation. The strategies are learned by observing the control decisions made by a model trained on other sizing in previous iterations. The calculation time is reduces by over 50% and the quality of the control policy learned is not affected. The results are analyzed in regard to the objectives considered, the control strategy and the data incorporated into the microgrid simulation
Darras, C. "Modélisation de systèmes hybrides photovoltaïque/hydrogène : applications site isolé, micro-réseau et connexion au réseau électrique dans le cadre du projet PEPITE (ANR PAN-H)". Phd thesis, Université Pascal Paoli, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00591013.
Texto completoBourry, Franck. "Gestion des incertitudes liées à la production d'énergie renouvelable dans le cadre des marchés de l'électricité". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00508345.
Texto completoThiébaut, Maxime. "Énergie marine renouvelable : caractérisation des ressources hydrocinétiques en Manche et étude d'impact de la turbulence sur l'efficacité de systèmes de récupération d'énergie tidale". Thesis, Littoral, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017DUNK0457/document.
Texto completoDespite the growing interest , the use of tidal energy still lags far behind other renewable resource. This delayed development can be explained, on the one hand, by the absence of a relevant methodology for quantifying the hydrokinetic potential and, on the other hand, by the hostile marine environment, in which turbulent phenomena apply constraints on the structure of marine current turbines. The use of High Frequency Radar, presented in the first part of this thesis, provides a powerful tool for analyzing tidal dynamics and its spatial and temporal heterogeneity. Never used in the fields of renewable marine energy, it offers a convincing alternative to numerical modeling which is often chosen although generating questionable results because of simplistic conceptualization of real phenomena. The second part of this thesis is the study of the impact of a fully developed turbulent flow on the performance of a Darrieus-type turbine prototypes. The spectral analysis of the current velocity time series revealed the scalar properties of the flow. Multiscale characterization showed that the flow is driven by a dynamic process of successive breaks of fluid structures of size ranging from the injection scale to the molecular diffusion scale. Finally, the dynamical scaling of the turbulence of the velocity and power spectra generated by the marine current turbine has revealed a certain similarity between the size of the eddies structures that govern the flow and the dimensions of the turbine
Abbes, Dhaker. "Contribution au dimensionnement et à l'optimisation des systèmes hybrides éoliens-photovoltaïques avec batteries pour l'habitat résidentiel autonome". Thesis, Poitiers, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012POIT2254/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is a contribution to the study of photovoltaic-wind-battery hybrid systems for several aspects: source evaluation, modeling and simulation, design optimization and finally control and supervision. Thus, an impact study on the evaluation of renewable energy potential at a given site taking into account consumption in residential housing (period and method of data acquisition, evaluation techniques...) is presented. In addition, all the components of the system are modeled and economic and ecological aspects are defined in order to make an overall assessment of various system configurations. All models are represented using Matlab/Simulink tool. Then, a methodology for single and multi-objective design optimization of a multi-source system is developed to minimize system Life Cycle Cost (LCC), Embodied Energy (EE) and Loss of Power Supply Probability (LPSP). A "practice solution" is thus retained and evaluated. Results show a low environmental impact and a reasonable economic cost as well as a satisfaction of the load within the limits tolerated by the user. Besides, a very convincing comparison of the developed sizing method to an existing commercial tool is presented. At the end, an experimental PV-wind-battery tested is developed in laboratory to ensure a quasi-realistic emulation of hybrid system behavior for different configurations. Accordingly, a new supervision strategy based on currents control and battery state of charge estimation is successfully validated
Jaramillo, López Fernando. "Control and Model Identification on Renewable Energy Systems". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112240.
Texto completoThe compromising situation of the environment due to pollution, and the high costs of the fossil fuels have originated new policies and regulations that have stimulating the interest on alternative energy sources. Many countries around the world have increased in an important way the penetration of these energy sources. Two of the most widely used renewable energy systems are the wind turbines systems (WTS) and the photovoltaic systems (PVS). WTS convert wind energy in electric energy by means of an electromechanical process and PVS convert solar energy directly in electric energy by means of a semiconductive process. These systems show many challenges that need to be solved in order to gain ground to the traditional energy systems. One of these challenges is increase the overall system efficiency by controlling the power conditioning elements. In order to achieve this, is necessary to better understand the dynamic behavior of these systems and develop new mathematical models and new control techniques. These techniques often require system information that is not possible ---or is too expensive--- measure. In order to solve this problem, is necessary to create algorithms that are able to estimate this information, however, this is not an easy task, because the signals of the energy sources in WTS and PVS (i.e., wind speed, irradiance, temperature) enter in the mathematical models in a nonlinear relation. These algorithms have to be able to estimate these signals ---or the signals that depend on them--- with good precision. Also, it is necessary to design control laws that operate the systems at their maximum power point. In this work, we propose novel estimation algorithms and control laws that are related with the increase of the energetic efficiency in WTS and PVS. Previous works related with estimation of the mentioned signals considered them as constants. In this thesis, the proposed estimation algorithms consider the time-varying condition of these signals. In all of these novel propositions, uniform asymptotic stability is proved using Lyapunov theories. The control laws are derived using the overall nonlinear models of the systems. In addition, some of these solutions are extended to the general case, which can be used on a large-class of nonlinear systems. The first one, is a novel parameter estimator for nonlinear systems. It allows to estimate time-varying nonlinear parameters. The second general proposition is a framework for a class of adaptive nonlinear systems that allows to compensate for uncertainties and perturbations that satisfy the matching condition
Kojok, Farah. "Performance study of hybrid cooling systems for the utilization in buildings". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AIXM4381/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is a contribution towards the reduction of primary energy consumption and a better use of the renewable energy sources within the cooling system for building use. After a state of the art of the cooling machines for building use, a dynamic model for a solar absorption cooling system is developed and simulated. Then, an effectiveness factor (EF) for the comparison of solar absorption chiller suitability in different locations is defined. In the third chapter, the concept of hybrid cooling system -an efficient method contributing to the reduction of primary energy consumption- is presented. Hybrid cooling systems are categorized and reviewed, with the improvement achieved compared to standalone technologies. Then, a scheme for the selection of the best hybrid cooling system for given conditions is proposed. In the last part, an optimal sizing method that defines, in a specific region, a hybrid cooling energy system, economically feasible with maximum renewable energy share is presented. Thereby, the sizing method is performed taking into account the region where it will be used. For this purpose, a hybrid cooling system, used for a standard residential house, is designed. The system is modeled and simulated using a transient system simulation program, called Trnsys. Finally, the problem of sizing is studied for different case studies; namely Marseilles-France and Beirut-Lebanon. The aim is to assess the proposed method according to diverse climatic conditions, component prices and electricity costs
Camez, Cédric. "Participation à l'amélioration des méthodes de dimensionnement et de gestion pour les systèmes isolés hybrides de production d'électricité, couplant générateur photovoltaïque et groupe électrogène : application dans les pays en voie de développement". Paris, ENMP, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ENMP1251.
Texto completoBarnaud, Cécile. "Équité, jeux de pouvoir et légitimité : les dilemmes d'une gestion concertée des ressources renouvelables : mise à l'épreuve d'une posture d'accompagnement critique dans deux systèmes agraires des hautes terres du nord de la Thaïlande". Paris 10, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373633.
Texto completoParticipatory approaches are nowadays widely used in the field of renewable resources management, but designers of such approaches are facing dilemmas, especially in highly heterogeneous social contexts. On the one hand, some of them stand accused of being naively manipulated by the most powerful local stakeholders, while on the other hand, others are accused of intervening on social systems to empower some particular stakeholders without having the legitimacy to do so. Facing such dilemmas, this dissertation examines the testing of a critical companion approach based on a conceptual framework referring, among others, to negotiation theories. This approach recognizes the necessity to take into account the local stakeholders' power games to avoid the risk of increasing initial inequities. The dissertation draws on the experimentation and reflexive analysis of two companion modelling (ComMod) processes conducted with such a critical approach in two agrarian systems in the highlands of Northern Thailand. We show that local power games express themselves in ComMod processes and that some of them might be obstacles to the emergence of an equitable concerted process. We also demonstrate that, through his methodological choices, the designer of a ComMod process is able to overcome some of these obstacles to a certain extent. Consequently, the implementation of a ComMod process is far from being a neutral exercise. It requires a critical reflection on the process, in particular on the designer's legitimacy in the eyes of local stakeholders
Barnaud, Cécile. "Equité, jeux de pouvoir et légitimité: les dilemmes d'une gestion concertée des ressources renouvelables.Mise à l'épreuve d'une posture d'accompagnement critique dans deux systèmes agraires des hautes terres du Nord de la Thaïlande". Phd thesis, Université de Nanterre - Paris X, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00373633.
Texto completoNedjar, Achraf. "Dimensionnement et optimisation d'un système photovoltaïque thermique avec intégration dans le bâtiment pour la production de froid". Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024CYUN1285.
Texto completoThis thesis presents a comprehensive study of a hybrid photovoltaic/thermal (PVT) system performance dimensioned for cold production by adsorption. TRNSYS dynamic simulation software was used to simulate the system, considering meteorological conditions in Algiers, northern Algeria. The study takes into account the actual generation of thermal energy by the collectors, as well as the actual variation in performance of the adsorption chiller. The main objective is to dimension and optimize the solar system with thermal energy storage to guarantee stabilized cooling production throughout the year.Prior to this, an extensive literature review was carried out, examining PVT hybrid systems, solar sorption cooling systems, as well as existing research exploring the combination of these two technologies.Secondly, a numerical study of the PVT collector's exchanger geometry determined that the water table geometry offers the best thermal and overall efficiency. In addition, the temperature range of the hot water delivered by collectors with this geometry, notably DualSun manifolds, corresponds to the operating temperatures of adsorption solar chillers.Next, the PVT - Adsorption system components were dimensioned and a mathematical model was developed and validated by published experimental work. A study of the system's performance for cooling needs between 4°C and 8°C revealed that DualSun hybrid collectors offer optimum annual production. Furthermore, the adsorption cooling system is able to meet 36% of year-round demand. The temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cooling enclosure balances cooling supply and demand. It was also noted that thermal efficiency is strongly affected by ambient temperature, whereas electrical efficiency is more sensitive to solar radiation.Analysis of storage system losses showed that these depend, on the one hand, on the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the storage tank, with more significant values during the summer season. On the other hand, losses also depend on the volume of the storage tank, which has been optimized to limit heat exchange with the outside.Economic analysis of the proposed PVT - Adsorption system has revealed its viability under certain key conditions, mainly related to the cost of electricity. Profitability is achieved provided that the cost of electricity exceeds the threshold of 0.08 USD/kWh.The environmental analysis determined the rate of mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions as a function of the conversion factors associated with electricity generation. The system contributes to the mitigation of around 30 tons of carbon dioxide per year.The performance of the PVT - Adsorption system was studied under different climates: Mediterranean, humid subtropical and arid desert. The results showed that the system is more productive in an arid desert climate and more efficient in a Mediterranean climate, which offers better regularity between cooling supply and demand.In sum, the combination of PVT and solar adsorption technologies is therefore proving to be an efficient way of producing cold, and can make a significant contribution to achieving sustainable development goals