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Hutto, Megan. "Vowels in Kotiria and Wa'ikhana| A diachronic and synchronic analysis". Thesis, University of Colorado at Boulder, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1589966.
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This study first postulates a set of vowels for Proto-Kotiria and Wa'ikhana informed by previous studies which reconstructed the vowels for Proto-Tukanoan, the family to which Kotiria and Wa'ikhana belong, and by the modern vowel inventories of these languages. Then, a comparative description of vowel pronunciation between two time points, 1905 and 2010, is undertaken. This description reveals that, while there has not been a change in vowel inventory, there are differences in speakers' production of vowels between these two times. The suprasegmental systems as well as the aspiration patterns of each of these languages is also looked at as possible explanation for changes in pronunciation.
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Lash, Elliott James Frick. "A synchronic and diachronic analysis of Old Irish copular clauses". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609634.
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Willmott, Joanna Clare. "The moods in Homeric Greek : a synchronic analysis from a diachronic perspective". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.615852.
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Kakkanattu, Joy Philip. "God's enduring love in the Book of Hosea a synchronic and diachronic analysis of Hosea 11,1 - 11". Tübingen Mohr Siebeck, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2773068&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Kakkanattu, Joy Philip. "God's enduring love in the Book of Hosea : a synchronic and diachronic analysis of Hosea 11,1 - 11 /". Tübingen : Mohr Siebeck, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2773068&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
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Poortvliet, Marjolein. "Perception and predication : a synchronic and diachronic analysis of Dutch descriptive perception verbs as evidential copular verbs". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:71136ea5-67a8-4a76-ad8d-e0c26e820c45.
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Descriptive perception verbs have failed to receive a uniform analysis in previous verb classifications (cf. Chomsky 1965, Rogers 1974, Hengeveld 1992, Levin 1993, Van Eynde et al. 2014). This thesis argues that the descriptive perception verbs in Dutch (i.e. eruitzien 'look', klinken 'sound', voelen 'feel', ruiken 'smell', and smaken 'taste') should be classified as copular verbs, much like lijken 'seem' and schijnen 'seem'. This classification is supported by both the synchronic and diachronic behaviour of these verbs in Dutch. Synchronically, proposing that Germanic copular verbs (as opposed to copulas) are defined by their syntax rather than their (empty) semantics, I discuss that the Dutch descriptive perception verbs behave like stereotypical copular verbs: they require a predicative complement, usually in the form of an adjective. Semantically, the Dutch descriptive perception verbs are much like the copular verbs blijken 'turn out', lijken 'seem' and schijnen 'seem' in terms of epistemicity and evidentiality. Diachronically, I hypothesize that the Dutch descriptive perception verbs have evolved from one of the following two origins: either from intransitive verbs (as is the case for klinken and ruiken), much like English remain, through grammaticalization processes of semantic bleaching and reanalysis; or from cognitive perception verbs (as is the case of eruitzien and voelen), as found in Latin, Japanese and Zulu, through the process of argument reordering. The origin of smaken is not clear, and is left for future research. I show that other Germanic evidential copular verbs (i.e. lijken, schijnen 'seem', scheinen 'seem', seem) have developed diachronically in a uniform fashion, suggesting the following grammaticalization path: from a lexical verb to a copular verb, to taking a that-complement, an infinitival complement or a like-complement, and eventually being used in parenthetical constructions. The results of this thesis indicate that the Dutch descriptive perception verbs are only at the beginning of this grammaticalization path, but are on their way to becoming grammaticalized evidential copular verbs.
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Antony, Patrick Jayaraj Verfasser] y Johannes [Akademischer Betreuer] [Schnocks. "Succession to the Throne : A Synchronic and Diachronic Analysis of 2 Kings 11 / Patrick Jayaraj Antony ; Betreuer: Johannes Schnocks". Münster : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Münster, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240763565/34.
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Hudson, Lowell B. "A synchronic and diachronic analysis of the indicative Hebrew prefixed and suffixed verbal forms in selected Old Testament texts". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1992. http://www.tren.com.
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OLIVEIRA, ANNA OLGA PRUDENTE DE. "STORIES OF BYGONE TIMES WITH MORALS: A DIACHRONIC AND SYNCHRONIC ANALYSIS OF REWRITINGS OF THE WORK OF CHARLES PERRAULT IN BRAZIL". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=34775@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
FUNDAÇÃO DE APOIO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO
BOLSA NOTA 10
Esta tese apresenta uma análise de reescritas brasileiras dos contos de Charles Perrault, sob uma perspectiva diacrônica e sincrônica, com o objetivo de compreender as diferentes formas como os contos do autor francês do século XVII têm sido reescritos no sistema literário brasileiro. Publicada na França, em 1697, a obra Histórias ou Contos do tempo antigo com moralidades ou Contos de Mamãe Gansa, alçada posteriormente à categoria de clássico da literatura infantojuvenil, contém oito contos em prosa, seguidos de moralidades em verso ao final de cada narrativa: A Bela Adormecida no bosque, O Chapeuzinho Vermelho, Barba Azul, O Mestre Gato ou o Gato de Botas, As Fadas, A Gata Borralheira ou A Sapatilha de Vidro, Riquete do Topete e O Pequeno Polegar (títulos dos contos de acordo com a tradução de Mário Laranjeira). Nesses contos, ao mesmo tempo em que recupera histórias populares da oralidade, Perrault insere sua marca autoral, a moralidade em verso, comentário final do autor sobre a história contada em prosa. Considerando que as moralidades possuem uma dupla função - autoral e literária - esta pesquisa se volta para o estudo da transmissão dos contos no Brasil com foco nesse duplo aspecto: a questão da autoria e a questão da literariedade. Tendo como principal pilar teórico os Estudos Descritivos da Tradução e adotando a metodologia de Lambert e Van Gorp, o corpus objeto de análise é composto por reescritas (e seus paratextos) publicadas em livro, desde o momento inicial em que os contos surgem no sistema literário brasileiro, ao final do século XIX, até a contemporaneidade, com a mais recente reescrita publicada em 2016. São também examinados alguns metatextos, tais como cartas e entrevistas, que auxiliam na compreensão das propostas dos reescritores e editores das obras. A partir das noções de André Lefevere acerca de reescrita e patronagem, considera-se que reescritas exercem papel central para o estabelecimento e a manutenção de cânones literários e projetam imagens novas ou distintas de obras e autores, de acordo com concepções ideológicas e poetológicas dos responsáveis pelas publicações (reescritores, prefaciadores, editores). Portanto, esta tese propõe a adoção de uma linha de pesquisa para os estudos literários que atente para a centralidade do fator reescrita, quando são analisadas obras estrangeiras inseridas em sistemas literários alvo. Como será visto no caso de Perrault no Brasil, as reescritas mais recentes, com diferenças relevantes em termos literários em relação às reescritas mais antigas, projetam novas imagens da obra e do autor, possibilitando novas leituras por parte do público leitor contemporâneo.
In this doctoral dissertation, Brazilian rewritings of Charles Perrault s tales are analysed from a diachronic and synchronic perspective with the aim of comprehending the different forms in which this seventeenth-century French writer s stories have been rewritten in the Brazilian literary system. Published in France in 1697, Stories or Tales of Bygone Times, with Morals or Tales of Mother Goose, which was later acknowledged as a classic of children s literature, contains eight tales in prose followed by morals in verse at the end of each narrative: The Sleeping Beauty in the Wood, Little Red Riding-Hood, Bluebeard, The Master Cat or Puss in Boots, The Fairies, Cinderella or The Little Glass Slipper, Ricky of the Tuft and Little Thumb (full translations of the titles from the French source text). In these tales, while drawing on popular stories from the oral tradition, Perrault inserts his trademark morals in verse, offering a final comment on the story told in prose. Considering that the morals have a twofold function - both authorial and literary - the transmission of the tales in Brazil is studied with a focus on this dual aspect: authorship and literariness. Taking Descriptive Translation Studies as the main theoretical perspective and adopting Lambert and Van Gorp s methodology, the corpus under analysis is composed of rewritings (and their paratexts) published in books, ranging from when the tales first appeared in the Brazilian literary system in the late nineteenth century to the current day, the most recent of which having been published in 2016. Some metatexts are also examined, such as letters and interviews, which are helpful for understanding the rewriters and editors objectives. Based on Andre Lefevere s theoretical work on rewriting and patronage, it is suggested that rewritings exert a central role in establishing and maintaining literary canons and project new or distinct images of works and authors, according to the poetological and ideological conceptions of the actors responsible for the publications (rewriters, preface writers, editors). Therefore, a proposal is made for the adoption of an approach for research in literary studies that takes account of the centrality of the rewriting factor, in analyses of foreign works in target literary systems. As seen in the case of Perrault in Brazil, the most recent rewritings, which differ significantly in literary terms from the older rewritings, project new images of the work and the writer, making new readings possible for a contemporary readership.
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Al-Hussein, Basima [Verfasser], Hedde [Akademischer Betreuer] Zeijlstra, Hedde [Gutachter] Zeijlstra y Panizza [Gutachter] Daniele. "Language Change and (Ir)regularization : The Synchronic and Diachronic analyses of (Ir)regularization / Basima Al-Hussein ; Gutachter: Hedde Zeijlstra, Panizza Daniele ; Betreuer: Hedde Zeijlstra". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1156780101/34.
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Rejeb, Bouzgarrou Asma. "Analyse des formes morpho-fonctionnelles urbaines : mise en place d'un indicateur de mutations paysagères de la ville de Monastir entre 1956 et 2013". Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0004/document.
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Le paysage urbain contemporain tunisien, caractérisé par une forte hétérogénéité paysagère s’interroge quant aux facteurs de son émergence. La ville de Monastir en constitue un bon exemple d’analyse des transformations urbaines. Elle se caractérise, notamment, par un taux d’urbanisation élevée de 100% et une croissance différentielle dans le temps et dans l’espace. Cette recherche s’intègre dans les domaines de l’architecture, de l’urbanisme, de la syntaxe spatiale et de la planification territoriale. Elle s’interroge sur l’évolution du paysage urbain de la commune de Monastir (de 1956 à 2013). Le but est de chercher des indicateurs de visibilité quant à la dynamique de la commune dans son contexte d’hétérogénéité morpho-fonctionnelle. Ce travail a entrepris une logique progressive d’appréhension de l’ensemble de l’environnement urbain et de sa continuité culturelle. La mise en place d’une approche globale de la structure spatiale de la commune de Monastir qui porte, d’une part, sur l’analyse diachronique, et d’autre part, sur l’analyse synchronique, a permis de dégager plusieurs faits de paysages urbains. Ils se matérialisent, notamment, par l’identification de la genèse des centralités diffuses associée à des formes non hiérarchisées socio-spatiales. Ces disparités phénoménologues urbaines nous ont conduit à adapter la syntaxe spatiale pour mieux cerner la réalité de l’environnement de la commune de Monastir dans sa totalité où la médiation paysagère y prédomineThe contemporary Tunisian urban landscape, characterized by a strong heterogeneity, wonders about the factors of its emergence. The city of Monastir is an excellent example of the analysis of urban transformations. This city is characterized, especially, by a high urbanization rate of 100% and differential growth in time and space. This research lies into the fields of architecture, urbanism, space syntax and territorial planning. This work questions the evolution of the urban landscape of the municipality of Monastir from 1956 to 2013. An objective is to search for a series of visibility indices on the city dynamics in its context of morphofunctional heterogeneity. This work undertook a gradual logic of apprehension of the urban environment and its cultural continuity.The establishment of a global approach to the spatial structure of the municipality of Monastir, on the diachronic analysis, and on the synchronic analysis, respectively, allowed us to model several facts of urban landscapes. This materializes, in particular, by identifying the genesis of diffuse centralities associated with non-hierarchical socio-spatial forms. These urban phenomenologists’ disparities have led us to adapt current spatial syntax measures in order to provide a better understanding of the reality of the whole environment of the municipality of Monastir, and where the landscape mediation dominates
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Fallon, Paul Dennis. "The synchronic and diachronic phonology of ejectives /". The Ohio State University, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487951595501002.
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Gergel, Remus. "Modality and ellipsis diachronic and synchronic evidence". Berlin New York, NY Mouton de Gruyter, 2005. http://d-nb.info/993035396/04.
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Helgason, Pétur. "Preaspiration in the Nordic languages : synchronic and diachronic aspects". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för lingvistik, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-4.
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Preaspiration—the production of glottal friction at the juncture of a vowel and a consonant—appears to be typologically rare but is an areal linguistic feature of Northwestern Europe. This study contains a survey of the known geographical spread of preaspirated stops, their phonological distribution and phonetic expressions in some Nordic dialects. The study also suggests a reconstruction of the phonetics of the Proto-Nordic stop contrasts based on synchronic data as well as a more general framework of historical sound change. Following an introduction (Chapter 1), Chapter 2 deals with the definition and typology of preaspiration presenting a global overview of the known geographical spread of preaspiration. The apparent rarity of preaspiration is considered. Proposed, perceptually based explanations of this rarity are evaluated. Chapter 3 offers a fairly detailed account of the known areal spread of preaspiration in Europe. Stop systems of several dialects in which preaspiration occurs are analysed in terms of voicing conditions. These analyses are based mainly on descriptions provided in the dialectological literature. Chapter 4 presents data on durational variation and other phonetic patterns of stop production in Central Standard Swedish, Tórshavn Faroese, Gräsö Swedish and Western Åland Swedish. The results reveal a greater degree of phonetic variation than has been assumed to date. In particular, speakers of Central Standard Swedish are shown to use preaspiration as a regular feature in their voiceless stop production. In Chapter 5, finally, the results of the data analysis are used in an attempt to reconstruct the phonetic expression of stop contrasts in Proto-Nordic. It is argued that Proto-Nordic stop production was largely similar to the stop production of today’s Central Standard Swedish. As regards phonological structure, however, the Proto-Nordic stop contrasts appear to have been largely preserved in all dialects considered. This conclusion is found to be compatible with an expansion/contraction (E/C) model of historical sound change.För att köpa boken skicka en beställning till exp@ling.su.se/ To order the book send an e-mail to exp@ling.su.se
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Stevens, Jon. "The Old English demonstrative a synchronic and diachronic investigation /". Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/28353.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 34 p.; also includes graphics. Includes bibliographical references (p. 32-34). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Helgason, Pétur. "Preaspiration in the Nordic languages : synchronic and diachronic aspects /". Stockholm : Univ, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-4.
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Li, Man. "Fronting constructions in Chinese from synchronic and diachronic perspectives". Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/4099.
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This study aims to provide a comprehensive picture of fronting constructions throughout the history of Chinese. This goal is achieved by utilising quantitative and qualitative data from two corpora, the Chinese Parsed Historical Corpus (ChiPaHC) and the Centre for Chinese Linguistics Corpus in Beijing university (CCL). The study is mainly divided into two parts. The study in the first part is based on an exhaustive sample of the (S)OV and OSV surface orders from ChiPaHC, with supplementary data drawn from the CCL for their syntactic analyses and historical development. With a further categorisation of the preliminary data, the fronting constructions analysed in this thesis include demonstrative fronting, pronoun fronting in the context of negation, wh-phrase fronting in Late Archaic Chinese, object raising in equational constructions through history, nominal fronting in Early Modern Chinese, copula shi fronting, focus shi fronting, topicalisation and ke constructions. A unified analysis is argued for, aiming to accommodate the synchronic performance and diachronic development of these object fronting constructions. Three negations in Chinese are discovered as a novel diagnostic for the object fronting positions: Focus Negation (flexible), Middle Negation (sentential) and Low Negation (vP negation). They diagnose four fronting positions: the CP external Topic position, the canonical subject position, TP internal Topic Position and the Spec v below Low Negation. All the positions show significant changes on types of fronting constituents they accommodate in and after LAC. To be more detailed, the external Topic position (Spec C) only accommodates a small number of wh-predicates in LAC, but after LAC, it accommodates all kinds of topicalised objects, including the fronted objects in equational constructions. The canonical subject position (Spec T) accommodates raising subjects, such as objects in equational constructions, modal constructions in LAC and after LAC, objects in passives. TP internal topic position accounts for the fronting of demonstratives and whphrases fronting above Middle Negation in Late Archaic Chinese (LAC). After LAC, it accommodates fronted nominals without explicit markings. The Spec v position immediately below vP negator accommodates pronoun fronting in the context of negation and shi focus fronting. A new analysis is proposed, in which pronoun fronting is triggered by the interaction between Low Negation and modality. This analysis is well supported by the examination of the quantitative evidence of 15 of the most common verbs appearing in pronoun fronting and a negative correlation between double negation and v-to-Mod movement of modals. After LAC, this position is unable to accommodate fronted objects. Several interesting historical changes are captured based on comparative studies of Late Archaic Chinese and the later time periods, which have never been previously reported. v-Mod head movement is observed and supported by a quantitative and qualii itative study of the modals ke, keyi and neng. I also provide a hypothesis that the External Topic Position is activated after LAC, which causes grammar competition between raising and topicalisation for object fronting equational constructions. In the second part of the thesis, I focus on Mandarin passives and provide a unified analysis for each types, including long distance passives with object control verbs, long distance passives with partial control verbs, local long passives, local short passives, possessive passives and adversative passives. I provide a unified A movement analysis of these passives, based on the syntactic analysis of these constructions. I argue that the performance of Chinese passives seems peculiar, as it sometimes displays A' movement features. I suggest that this is due to the historical change undergone by the passives, as they were topicalisation constructions in Early Modern Chinese, but they are in the process of changing to a raising type movement.
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Choo, Young-Jae. "A synchronic and diachronic study of Korean modal suffixes". Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2003. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/28872/.
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This functional typological study of the Korean Modal Suffixes intends to establish a rather comprehensive picture of the Korean modal suffixes (hereafter KMS). It employs diachronic and synchronic approaches assuming that synchronic rules reflect the diachronic development of the KMS. It also traces the development of the KMS from the point of view of their interaction with tense and aspect. Chapter one gives a general overview of the whole work. Chapter two surveys previous studies on modality both from a general point of view and with regard to Korean and presents a preliminary account of the KMS. Chapter three deals with the Typological characteristics of the KMS. It establishes the suffixation rule, which presupposes that if there exist morphologically distinctive classes, there should be places of occurrence for the respective items which give automatic clues for their identification. Chapter four is concerned with the semantic features of the KMS. A number of semantic parameters of the system have been accounted for, and definitions of sub-categories and formulations are proposed on a conceptual basis (Palmer 1986). This thesis is also dedicated to the description of the polysemous character of the KMS and to the establishment of the principle which governs the expansion of meanings, the cause and nature of semantic change in terms of a compromise between the two approaches - prototype and componential semantic theories (Bennett 1990; Taylor 1995). In the course of presenting a classification of their meanings, it emphasizes their polysemous nature and gives prominence to the distinction between deontic and epistemic uses. Chapter five explores the historical development of the KMS. The assumption that what might have started as a context-dependent extension acquires the status of an established prototypical sense is applied to a representative set of Middle and Old Korean etymologies. The principles of change are accounted for from a grammaticalization perspective (Hopper & Traugott 1993). Chapter six summarizes the original contributions of this thesis.
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Hu, Xiaoling. "Topics in Chinese syntax : word order in synchrony and diachrony". Thesis, Durham University, 1999. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1196/.
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Güldemann, Tom. "Quotative indexes in African languages a synchronic and diachronic survey". Berlin [u.a.] de Gruyter, 2008. http://www.reference-global.com/action/showBook?doi=10.1515%2F9783110211450.
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Molineaux, Ress Benjamin Joseph. "Synchronic and diachronic morphoprosody : evidence from Mapudungun and Early English". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:50da7a03-1155-4931-b246-2ab7beee9981.
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In the individual grammars of time-bound speakers, as well as in the historical transmission of a language, prosodic and morphological domains are forced to interact. This research focuses, in particular, on stress, and its instantiation in different domains of the morphological structure. It asks what factors are involved in prioritising one system – morphology or stress assignment – over the other and how radical the consequences of this may be on the overall structure of the language. The data comes from two typologically distinct languages: Mapudungun (previously 'Araucanian'), a polysynthetic and agglutinating language isolate from Chile and Argentina documented for over 400 years; and English, far further into the isolating and fusional spectra, and documented from the 7th century onwards. In both languages, we focus on morphologically complex words and how they evolve in relation to stress. In Mapudungun we examine the entire historical period, while in English we focus on the changes from Old to Middle English (8th -14th centuries). The analyses show how different types of data (from acoustics, to native and non-native intuitions; from historical corpora, to present-day experimentation techniques), can be used in order to assess whether the prosodic system will accommodate to the demarcation of morphological domains or whether morphological structure is to be shoehorned into the prosodic system's rhythmic pattern. Original contemporary field and experimental work on Mapudungun shows stress to fall on right-aligned moraic trochees in the stem and word domains. This contradicts claims in the foot-typology literature, where Araucanian stress goes from left to right, building quantity-insensitive iambs. A reconstruction of the history of the stress system suggests a transition from quantity insensitivity to sensitivity and the establishment of two domains of stress, which ultimately facilitates the parsing of word-internal structure, emphasising the demarcative function of stress. In the case of Early English, the focus is on the prefixal domain. Here the optimisation of the stress system – also trochaic – is shown to reduce the instances of clash in the language at large. As a result, a split in the prefixal system is identified, where prefixes constituting heavy, non-branching feet are avoided – and are ultimately lost – due to clash with root-initial stress, while light and branching feet remain in the language. In this case, it is the rhythmic or structural role of stress that is emphasised. Language internal factors are evaluated – in particular morphological type and stress properties – alongside external factors such as contact (with Chilean Spanish and Norman French), in order to provide a more general context for the observed changes and synchronic structure of the languages. A key concept in the analysis is that of 'pertinacity', the conservative nature of transmission in grammars, which leads learners to perpetuate perceived core elements of the system.
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Güldemann, Tom. "Quotative indexes in African languages a synchronic and diachronic survey". Berlin New York, NY Mouton de Gruyter, 2002. http://d-nb.info/979523680/04.
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Tennis, Joseph T. "Diachronic and Synchronic Indexing: Modeling Conceptual Change in Indexing Languages". CAIS/ACSI, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/105762.
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This is a revised version of the paper available at: http://www.cais-acsi.ca/proceedings/2007/tennis_2007.pdfThis paper outlines a model of conceptual change in indexing languages. Findings from this modeling effort point to three ways meaning and relationships are established and then change in an indexing language. These ways: structural, terminological, and textual point to ways indexing language metadata can aid in managing conceptual change in indexing languages. Résumé : Cette communication esquisse un modèle du changement conceptuel des langages d’indexation. Les résultats de cette tentative de modélisation convergent vers une triple dimension. Les relations sont établies, puis modifiées dans un langage d’indexation. Ces dimensions, structurelle, terminologique et textuelle, indiquent de quelle manière les langages de métadonnées peuvent contribuer à la gestion du changement conceptuel des langages d’indexation. Résumé : Cette communication esquisse un modèle du changement conceptuel des langages dâ indexation. Les résultats de cette tentative de modélisation convergent vers une triple dimension. Les relations sont établies, puis modifiées dans un langage dâ indexation. Ces dimensions, structurelle, terminologique et textuelle, indiquent de quelle manière les langages de métadonnées peuvent contribuer à la gestion du changement conceptuel des langages dâ indexation.
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Elenbaas, Marion. "The synchronic and diachronic syntax of the English verb-particle combination /". Utrecht : LOT, 2007. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=015659575&line_number=0002&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Hom, Mary Katherine Yem Hing. "The characterization of the Assyrians in Isaiah : synchronic and diachronic perspectives". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.611421.
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Park, Jung-ran. "A study of selected Korean pragmatic markers synchronic and diachronic perspectives /". Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=764745671&SrchMode=2&sid=3&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1233176031&clientId=23440.
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Williamson, James. "The Book of the Covenant : a comparison of diachronic and synchronic approaches". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342987.
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Stribling, Samuel Charles Stuart. "Dr. Manhattan's Pathos: Synchronic and Diachronic Experience in Comic Books and Architecture". Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1242836335.
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Thesis (Master of Architecture)--University of Cincinnati, 2009.Advisors: George Thomas Bible, Gerald Larson. Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed July 28, 2009). Includes abstract. Keywords: Diachronic; Synchronic; Exeter Library; Watchmen; Scott McCloud; Aronoff; Comic Books. Includes bibliographical references.
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Peck, Jeeyoung. "The positional variation of prepositional phrases in chinese : synchronic and diachronic perspectives /". May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.
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Sigsworth, C. "On the morphophonology of Old English weak verbs : a synchronic and diachronic approach". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.661901.
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Within the development of English 'weak' verbs, Old English represents a transitional period where the relatively transparent proto-Germanic system of inflectional classes has been complicated (despite remaining (largely) recognisable) by phonological change but its large-scale Middle English restructuring and simplification, although hinted at by numerous non- 'standard' forms, is, apparently, not yet fully underway. The intermediate nature of this system means that, depending on one's preferred point of view and the data taken in to consideration, the morphological structure of the Old English weak verbs can be seen to represent the continuation of the Germanic situation (the view implied by most traditional grammars) or the beginning of the Middle English demise of this system. This dissertation contains an attempt to establish what type of synchronic analysis should be imposed upon the weak verbs in Old English and how their diachronic development should be characterised. Variation from the expected Old English forms can in many cases be interpreted as synchronic evidence for the fact that morphological change was in progress and so these two issues will be considered mutually dependent: the most adequate answer to one should provide insight into the other and vice versa. The historical development of these verbs from their proto-Germanic source to their new Middle English system will thus first be discussed before several approaches to the synchronic analysis of these verbs are evaluated in the light of general theoretical concerns and the Old English data. I will suggest that two dialectally defined systems of weak verbs can be identified in the Old English period; the first of which (in Anglian texts) can be explained largely in terms of the phonological development of these verbs from Germanic to Middle English. In West-Saxon texts, restructuring of the weak verbs appear to be (at least partly) independent of phonological developments and, therefore, must be explained (both synchronically and diachronically) in terms of their morphological structure.
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Suzuki, Daisuke. "English Modal Adverbs: Their Functions in Synchrony and Diachrony". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/199006.
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天野, 政千代 y Masachiyo Amano. "A Diachronic and Synchronic Study of English Cases(8):Case-marking of Inverted Subjects". 名古屋大学文学部, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/5499.
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Tantucci, Vittorio. "Immediate and extended intersubjectivity : synchronic and diachronic interplay among evidentiality, factuality and other domains". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2014. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/71716/.
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This thesis provides a theoretical and methodological contribution to the rich and intense debate on intersubjectivity (Nuyts 2001, 2012; Verhagen 2005; Narrog 2010, 2012; Sweetser 2012, and others) and intersubjectification (Traugott 1999, 2002, 2003, 2010, 2012). I will argue that intersubjectivity, intended as the subject’s awareness of the other persona(s)’ feelings, knowledge and beliefs, can be construed on an ‘immediate’ or alternatively on an ‘extended’ level. Immediate intersubjectivity (I-I) corresponds to the mutual awareness of the speech participants during the on- going speech event, whereas extended intersubjectivity (E-I) includes an assumed 3rd party (specific or generic) who has an indirect social bearing on the utterance (cf. Tantucci 2013). I will argue that along a unidirectional cline of change, extended intersubjectification constitutes a further stage of semantic and grammatical reanalysis with respect to its immediate counterpart (cf. chapter 4-5). In order to empirically justify the diachronic continuum between the two, I provide synchronic and diachronic data from a number of qualitative and quantitative corpus surveys on the immediate and extended intersubjectification of some constructions and in particular the presuppositional chunk [you don’t want X] in British and American English (cf. chapter 4). According to this framework, it is now possible to explain some theoretical gaps in and contradictions among several of the most influential accounts on intersubjectivity and intersubjectification (cf. Traugott 1999, 2002, 2003, 2010, 2012; Nuyts 2001a, 2005, 2012; White 2003; Martin & White 2005; Verhagen 2005; Narrog 2010, 2012). The rest of the thesis (chapters 5-7) is dedicated to the synchronic and diachronic interplay of intersubjectivity and some specific semantic-pragmatic- grammatical domains both on an immediate and on an extended level. The three areas my investigation focuses on are evidentiality, factuality and presupposition. On this basis, I will first discuss the intersubjective/interpersonal encoding of evidentiality (chapter 5). Immediate, and in particular extended intersubjectivity, will be shown to be a fundamental trigger of interpersonal evidentiality (IE) here presented as the evidential dimension marking a statement as a form of knowledge shared with one or more member(s) of society (cf. Tantucci 2013). As a case study, I will provide the results of a qualitative and quantitative corpus survey on the grammaticalized status of the V-ﰀ guo construction, traditionally analysed as an experiential perfect (e.g. Li & Thompson 1981) in written Mandarin both from a synchronic and diachronic perspective. In the same chapter I then argue that IE can be seen as a proper typological category in the sense of having grammaticalized in many languages of the world. The theoretical implications of that will constitute a solid basis to reconsider evidentiality as a non-modal category primarily marking different types of ‘acquired knowledge’ (AK; cf. also Tantucci 2013) rather than a ‘particular source of information’ (as is most commonly done, e.g. Willett 1988; Aikhenvald 2004). The last part of this thesis will be centred on a gradient redefinition of the notion of factuality. In this thesis factuality is not intended as a bipolar category (as in Narrog 2005, 2009) but rather as a dynamic continuum unfolding, both in texts and in time, through several epistemic levels. Increasing certainty regarding the realisation of an event or situation is defined here as factualization. Chapter 6 focuses on factualization as a conceptual phenomenon determined by an embodied mechanism (Lakoff & Johnson 1980, 1999; Lakoff 1987, 2003; Grush 2004) of cyclic acquisition and control with respect to a new proposition P. Being a form of subjectification (Traugott 1989, 1995, 2002, 2003, 2010, 2011; Langacker 1985, 1987, 1990a, 1990b, 2006, 2008), factualization occurs both textually and diachronically, the former developing throughout an on-going discourse, the latter as the semasiological reanalysis of an epistemic construction. Drawing on Langacker’s (1991, 2008, 2009) notion of the epistemic control cycle, I address diachronic factualization first. I will demonstrate through a corpus study of data from English and Italian (taken from the BNC and diaCORIS) that epistemic predicates originally conveying weak certainty towards a proposition P diachronically develop an increasingly factual meaning conveying more and more frequently absolute certainty. In Chapter 7 I turn to textual factualization. I provide a synchronic corpus- driven account of the intersubjective construing of factualization. I show how throughout an on-going discourse certain propositions are subject to a process of re- construal from an evidential to presuppositional or assertive stances. I will do this on the basis of a corpus-based (BNC) case study of propositions of interpersonal evidentiality (IE) introduced by the adverbial apparently. As I will argue, this surprisingly frequent phenomenon involves intersubjective construals of expected accommodation (cf. Schwenter and Waltereit 2010) as well as the extended- intersubjective awareness of an assumed third party (3rdP) who could potentially confirm the truthfulness of P.
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Ryou, Daniel Hojoon. "Zephaniah's oracles against the nations : a synchronic and diachronic study of Zephaniah 2,1-3,8 /". Leiden ; New York ; Köln : E. J. Brill, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb372035583.
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McCabe, John Hamilton. "Bonhoeffer : responsible work : a diachronic approach to a synchronic theme : Dietrich Bonhoeffer's theology of work". Thesis, University of Chester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10034/347346.
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This thesis attempts to highlight in a new way the importance of work to Dietrich Bonhoeffer, both in what he wrote and how he lived, and draws upon history, biography, and theology. It constructs a narrative drawn from the interrelation between these elements in an innovative fashion, seeking to convey a fresh sense of the way in which Bonhoeffer’s theology relates to the context of the time. A central argument of the study is that Bonhoeffer’s engagement with the subject of work and his theology of work is something foundationally important to him and a theme which evolves and develops over time. Proposing work as a central hermeneutical key to the understanding of Bonhoeffer is a task which has not been attempted before. The thesis tracks the theme of work and its development, noting over the course of Bonhoeffer’s life how a fuller understanding of the centrality of work throws up fresh understandings of a number of key transition points in his life and makes sense of them in a new way. The final section argues that Bonhoeffer’s work in resistance in Nazi Germany was good work and that a theological formulation which guided Bonhoeffer towards his role in tyrannicide was present in his work-in-progress doctrine of the mandates, an incomplete doctrine which in the end is a hope-filled one. Methodologically, this thesis tracks the development and articulation of Bonhoeffer’s theology of work from the early days through to his arrest, focussing mainly, but not entirely, on his written output in the Dietrich Bonhoeffer Werke (DBW) series, but not including the prison theology because such an approach appropriately reflects the un-finished nature of Bonhoeffer’s theology.
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Kougiali, Georgia Zetta. "Temporalities of change : a synchronic and diachronic examination of the process from addiction to recovery". Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2015. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/temporalities-of-change(0ac6dde7-caf4-4e37-8429-e37d5f40c6a0).html.
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The last 25 years of UK’s drug policy has been criticised as focusing on risk management, harm-reduction techniques and contributing to the criminalisation of the drug users whose treatment needs were not adequately addressed. Likewise,until recently research in criminal justice settings has been concentrating on evaluating treatment outcomes, often disregarding individual experiences and processes. Drug policy in the UK has recently undergone a historical shift, striving towards more person-centred practices that focus on recovery and ‘putting people first’. Along with the shift in the drug policy, there is a demand for research that individualises recovery processes and journeys and draws attention to examining personal and contextual factors that influence change. This thesis is part of the interest in individual experiences of addiction and recovery and focuses on delineating the process from one stage to the other. It is divided into two parts: the first part explores the process of change in a group of active users and users in recovery through the examination of their life stories. The second part explores the accounts of change in a group of substance using offenders in prison. Temporality is used as a methodological approach to examine change thoroughly across and at different points in time in order to understand drug using and recovery trajectories. The findings of the current study reveal change as a nonlinear process full of discontinuities, manifested in patterns of interchangeable states of relapse and abstinence or treatment attempts. The transition from addiction to recovery is achieved through the users’ participation in treatment groups that encourage the reconstruction of addict narratives to recovering ones. Analysis of the data collected in the prison confirmed the importance of relational factors in the adoption of new, healthier narratives. Moreover, it highlighted the significance of cultivating a climate of acceptance and support as an essential component of the therapeutic work conducted in prisons. The thesis serves as a critical body of work that links a multidisciplinary body of literature. The findings of the thesis contribute both to the academic knowledge in the fields of forensic psychology, addiction and criminology and provide essential knowledge to practitioners working with substance users both in the community and in the prison.
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Sugi, Hidemi. "Synchronic and diachronic studies on the Japanese inferential system daroo, mitai, rashii, soo, and yooda /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2003. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=790245971&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Rappold, Adam Christopher. "The Shadow of the Polis: A Synchronic and Diachronic Examination of the Skira Festival in Athens". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437388862.
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WU, Shixiong George. "A corpus-based synchronic comparison and diachronic interpretation of lexicalized emotion metaphors in English and Chinese". Digital Commons @ Lingnan University, 2007. https://commons.ln.edu.hk/eng_etd/3.
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This study is a corpus-based contrastive study of the cross-language diachronic changes and synchronic variations of lexicalized emotion metaphors (LEMS) in English and Chinese within the framework of cognitive linguistics. Since it is based on a series of basic assumptions of the Lakoffian Conceptual Metaphor Theory (CMT), it is also expected to prove or improve them by making this cross-cultural comparative study of LEMS in English and Chinese. Therefore this study aims at not only the diachronic changes and synchronic variations of LEMS but also the cultural factors underlying them. By applying CMT in the analysis of the corresponding data of LEMS in English and Chinese, and the method of comparative etymology to explore the cultural influences on the variations over the metaphor themes of LEMS in the two languages, this study has achieved the following findings:
(1) Both embodied and non-embodied metaphors are possibly universal in different languages; (2) The cross-language variations of emotion metaphors are often characterized by the cultural variations of the prototypical source concept at the basic category level in different cultures; (3) The commonality and specificity of a metaphor theme in different languages are closely related to the levels of generality of the metaphor theme; (4) Although to a great extent our thinking and ideology are determined by our bodies and the metaphors that they give rise to, or vice versa, the em-minded cultural notions are the important ingredient producing the cross-language variations over the themes of emotion metaphors. It can thus be inferred that metaphor themes are cultural and ideological constructs to some extent;(5) Both the embodied physiological experiences and the em-minded cultural notions play an important role in the conceptualization of emotions; (6) The embodied conceptualization of emotion is sometimes subject to the em-minded cultural notions; (7) There exist three different types of metonyms underlying the conceptualization of emotions in English and Chinese; Based on these important findings, it proposes a three types of metonymy model which functions better in generalizing the different metonymies underlying the conceptualization of emotions in English and Chinese. In addition, this study opens the way for applying the semiotics and cognitive metaphor theory to the studies of metaphors in the etymological structures of LEMS in English and Chinese which might be of great importance for the future development of CMT.
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Macleod, Morgan Dylan. "The perfect in Old English and Old Saxon : the synchronic and diachronic correspondence of form and meaning". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/242374.
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Most of the Germanic languages developed new tense forms allowing the grammatical expression of fine semantic distinctions, including periphrastic perfects and pluperfects; previously, the preterite alone had been used to express semantic content of this sort. In the absence of robust quantitative data regarding the subsequent development of these forms and distribution in the early Germanic languages, a relatively uncomplicated model has generally been assumed, in which there is little synchronic variation in their use and a steady, though not necessarily continuous, diachronic progress toward the state observed in the modern languages. The goal of this work is to provide accurate quantitative data regarding the apportionment of these semantic domains among the available grammatical forms in Old English and Old Saxon, in order to provide meaningful measurements of the synchronic and diachronic use of the periphrastic forms. Very different patterns were found in the use of these forms in the two languages. In Old Saxon the periphrastic forms are used freely, with a frequency similar to or greater than that of the preterites. In Old English there are no significant diachronic trends, but considerable variation exists synchronically among texts, with some making free use of the periphrastic forms and others preferring the preterite almost exclusively. A number of factors potentially responsible for this variation have been investigated, but none can account for the entire range of observed variation on its own. In the absence of any other account for the observed variation, the hypothesis is proposed that the periphrastic forms and the preterite differed in their perceived stylistic value, in a manner whose exact nature may be no longer recoverable; such a hypothesis would be in keeping with previous findings regarding languages such as Middle English and Middle High German. Old English and Old Saxon would therefore differ in the extent to which they make use of the potential for variation created by the absence of a paradigmatic opposition among the relevant grammatical categories.
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Morgan, David M. "A theology of land and temple in the Book of the Twelve : a diachronic and synchronic perspective". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2011. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=165849.
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The Minor Prophets or the Book of the Twelve has received not a little scholarly attention in the last few years. The primary inquiry is whether these prophetic books should be read as twelve disparate works or as one collected and edited anthology of prophetic works. This thesis observes that there are three different sequences in the Hebrew (proto-MT), Greek (OG or LXX), and Qumran (4QXIIa or 4Q76) manuscript traditions. The variation in sequence of the books – specifically seen in Joel and Micah in the Hebrew and Greek editions and Jonah in the Qumran edition – provides for a different reading strategy and distinct concern in the three extant traditions. In addition, this thesis argues there is an observable unity and coherence to the prophetic corpus of the Twelve with respect to the topoi of “land” and “temple”. Our concern focuses on the Hebrew edition and sequence of books and what particular theology arises from this specific tradition. The first lines of the book of Hosea and the last lines of the book of Malachi provide a special emphasis on the nature of the YHWH’s land designated as Israel, whether defiled and cursed or sacred and fertile. The second book of the Twelve is Joel, and a dominant concern is that the devastation of the land poses an immediate threat to the viability and continuance of YHWH’s earthly sanctuary in Jerusalem. The prominent themes of land and temple are also taken up in Amos-Zephaniah, but here the idea is introduced that the surrounding international peoples must be judged by YHWH in Jerusalem before YHWH can rebuild his earthly temple on Mount Zion and provide for a restored cosmos. Haggai-Malachi concentrate almost exclusively on temple restoration and purification, and these books demonstrate that the earth will only be renewed when the deity nourishes the land through the temple cult, and the earth in return feeds the deity as he rules in his mountain temple.
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Mohrmann, Douglas Carl. "Semantic collisions at the intertextual crossroads : a diachronic and synchronic study of Romans 9:30-10:13". Thesis, Durham University, 2001. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/3829/.
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This thesis examines Romans 9:30-10:13 with a concentration on Paul's citations of the Old Testament. A critical review of the theory of intertextuality, including a critique of its application by Richard Hays, begins an adaptation of the theory for a methodology which is labelled herein as Intertextual Semantics. Intertextual Semantics describes the meaning of the text through its points of continuity between itself and its source, but also its discontinuity and the processes which have contributed to their lexical, syntactical, discursive, rhetorical, and cultural differences. Transformative factors may be evident from a synchronic perspective, but when considering Paul’s historical position in relation to Judaism and Israelite religion, a diachronic perspective is also valuable. The thesis devotes considerable space to the history of the texts which Paul quotes in Romans 9:30-10:13. It contributes new readings of Isaiah 28:16, Leviticus 18:5, and Deuteronomy 30:12-14 in their respective literary and historical contexts. From such 'original' contexts to other allusions or quotations in the Old Testament or in non-canonical Second Temple Jewish literature or in other New Testament writings, these intertexts are followed and described as part of this diachronic analysis. Disrupting or colliding with the continuity of meaning across changes of time, languages, and cultures are the exigencies facing each new generation. In the synchronic analysis, and in response to the relative neglect that Romans 10 suffers in relation to chs. 9 and 11, this study demonstrates that concerted attention to Romans 10 pays dividends for inquiries into the coherence, purpose, and function of chs.9-11 as well as for important topics such as Paul's conception of his own ministry, comparisons of Pauline religion with historical Israelite religion, and rhetoric in this letter.
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Kim, Kyunghee [Verfasser], Martine [Akademischer Betreuer] Grice y Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] Baumann. "Tone, pitch accent and intonation of Korean. A synchronic and diachronic view / Kyunghee Kim. Gutachter: Martine Grice ; Stefan Baumann". Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1058946315/34.
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Kim, Kyunghee [Verfasser], Martine Akademischer Betreuer] Grice y Stefan [Akademischer Betreuer] [Baumann. "Tone, pitch accent and intonation of Korean. A synchronic and diachronic view / Kyunghee Kim. Gutachter: Martine Grice ; Stefan Baumann". Köln : Universitäts- und Stadtbibliothek Köln, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1058946315/34.
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Fatello, Fabienne. "Les emplois de "quando" dans différents genres textuels du latin préclassique au latin postclassique". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAL002.
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Cette recherche sur corpus a pour objet les emplois de quando (quandoque, quandoquidem, quandocumque) dans différents genres textuels du latin préclassique au latin postclassique. À partir du CD-ROM de la Bibliotheca Teubneriana Latina nous avons répertorié les occurrences de quando dans les Comédies de Plaute, les Discours de Cicéron, le De rerum natura de Lucrèce, l’Histoire romaine de Tite-Live et les Traités philosophiques de Sénèque. En principe, le terme en kw- peut servir d’adverbe interrogatif, indéfini ou relatif et de conjonction temporelle ou causale. Or la distinction de ces différents emplois ne peut se faire à l’aide de procédés classificatoires qui prendraient comme cadre d’analyse maximal la phrase en raison d’ambiguïtés sémantiques et d’interférences fonctionnelles entre types de subordonnées. Aussi optons-nous pour une approche macro-syntaxique tenant compte des relations dépassant le segment phrastique et alliant les points de vue morpho-syntaxique et sémantico-énonciatif. D’abord, l’étude de quando, terme polyvalent susceptible de fonctionner à plusieurs niveaux de la structure phrastique, nous amène à nous interroger sur les niveaux d’insertion et la fonction de quando dans la phrase. Ainsi, les interférences fonctionnelles entre relatif et conjonction temporelle mettent en évidence la perméabilité des frontières entre fonctions syntaxiques. Ensuite, l’ambiguïté sémantique invite à dépasser le strict cadre phrastique et à considérer les inférences contextuelles du terme étudié en vue de distinguer notamment la valeur temporelle de la valeur causale de quando. Enfin, l’outil grammatical ne peut être appréhendé sans considération de sa valeur illocutoire. Par la grande diversité d’actes réalisés, l’analyse des emplois interrogatifs peut révéler certaines caractéristiques liées à l’écriture générique. Dans une approche empruntée à la grammaire fonctionnelle sera étudiée enfin la portée du terme au niveau du discours. Une telle analyse s’avère nécessaire pour caractériser l’emploi causal, dans la mesure où ce dernier intervient au niveau interpersonnel et non référentiel, et joue, dans la terminologie de la grammaire fonctionnelle, le rôle de satellite disjoint. En ce sens, cette étude prouve l’utilité d’une approche éclectique dans l’analyse des emplois de quando : le recours à différentes approches linguistiques, selon les besoins de l’interprétation, met en évidence la complémentarité des points de vue morpho-syntaxique et sémantico-pragmatique dans une description empirique des faits de langue et de discours visant à définir, à partir de données textuelles apparemment disparates, les valeurs de base des différents emplois de quando. L’intérêt de l’étude réside ainsi dans la polyvalence du terme, permettant d’aborder un large éventail de problèmes linguistiques voire extralinguistiques liés à la structure phrastique, au texte et à la situation de discoursThis corpus-based study analyses the use of quando (quandoque, quandoquidem, quandocumque) in different textual genres from Early to Postclassical Latin. From the Bibliotheca Teubneriana Latina CD-ROM (BTL-4) we have listed the instances of quando in Plaute’s Comedies, Cicero’s Discourses, Lucretius’ De rerum natura, Livy’s History of Rome and Seneca’s Moral Essays. Quando can be used as an interrogative, indefinite and relative adverb or as a temporal or causal conjunction. But the classification of these different uses is not possible without a macro-syntactic approach that combines morpho-syntactic, semantic and enunciative points of view. First, the study of this multifunctional term raises the question of its integration in the sentence structure. Thus the functional interference of its use as a relative adverb and as a temporal conjunction shows that the frontiers between syntactical functions are malleable. Furthermore, the semantic ambiguity invites us to extend the analyses to the contextual inferences to distinguish for instance its temporal and causal use. Moreover we cannot analyse the use of quando without considering its illocutionary force: for instance the questions introduced by quando perform a great variety of speech acts which reveal certain characteristics of the literary genre. Finally, the methods of Functional Grammar are necessary to study the level quando affects in the sentence structure, as the causal subordinate clause provides information on the interpersonal level and can be considered as a disjunct satellite. In the light of these considerations, it is evident that an eclectic approach is necessary to study the use of quando: only different linguistic approaches, combining the morpho-syntactic, semantic and enunciative point of view in an empirical description of its occurrences, can define the value of the different uses of quando. Thus the significance of this study resides in the multifunctionality of quando which allows us to consider a large variety of linguistic and extra-linguistic problems occurring not only at multiple levels of the sentence structure, but extended even to the larger context of the speech interaction and intimately linked to the authors writing techniques and the speakers discursive intentions
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Xu, Shiwen. "Subordonnées complétives objets : une analyse contrastive du français et du chinois". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 3, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025PA030004.
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Les propositions subordonnées complétives objets (SCO) jouent un rôle central dans la construction des phrases complexes en français et en chinois. Alors que, en français, elles sont aisément identifiables grâce à des conjonctions explicites et une différenciation nette entre les modes verbaux, la reconnaissance des SCO en chinois s'avère plus complexe en raison de l'absence de marqueurs morpho-syntaxiques visibles. Cette étude comparative examine les méthodes de délimitation des SCO dans ces deux langues, en se basant sur des critères et des tests spécifiques pour repérer ces propositions. Nous avons ensuite procédé à un relevé exhaustif des énoncés contenant des SCO dans quatre œuvres littéraires, permettant une analyse statistique et comparative détaillée. Sur cette base, l'analyse synchronique a permis de comparer les structures des SCO en français et en chinois, mettant en évidence des similarités au niveau de la fonction syntaxique, mais également des différences significatives sur le plan formel. En outre, une étude diachronique a permis d'identifier les évolutions dans l'usage des SCO dans les deux langues. Pour le français, l'analyse s'étend de l’ancien français au français moderne, en s'appuyant principalement sur l'état de l'art des recherches existantes. Quant au chinois, l'étude couvre les périodes médiévale, prémoderne et moderne, en combinant un examen de l'état de l'art avec l'analyse de quatre œuvres de ces périodes. Cette recherche contribue à une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de subordination et des différences structurelles entre le français et le chinoisObject complement subordinate clauses (SCO) play a crucial role in the construction of complex sentences in both French and Chinese. In French, these clauses are easily identifiable due to explicit conjunctions and a clear distinction between verbal moods. In contrast, recognizing SCOs in Chinese proves more challenging, given the lack of visible morphosyntactic markers. This comparative study explores the methods for delineating SCOs in both languages, using specific criteria and tests to identify these clauses, particularly in Chinese, where syntactic boundaries are less clear. We conducted an exhaustive analysis of sentences containing SCOs from four literary works, enabling a comprehensive statistical and comparative examination. The synchronic analysis reveals both similarities in the syntactic functions of SCOs in French and Chinese, as well as significant formal differences. Furthermore, a diachronic approach highlights the evolution of SCO usage over time in both languages. This research offers new insights into the mechanisms of subordination and the structural differences between French and Chinese
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Ali, Ahmed Kamal. "Silence, Darkness and Light: The Grand Egyptian Museum". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/9731.
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How can the unique legacy of the most ancient of civilizations be represented within a single building? How can one building spans the area between heaven and earth, the space described in the cosmology of our pharonic ancestors?
Certainly, to design such a building is a unique challenge, and an unprecedented opportunity, on this most privileged of sites in the history of mankind, that a museum is to be constructed capable of linking the immemorial past with the distant future spanning both the horizons of the ancients and those as yet unseen.
Through the investigation of phenomenology, geometry, simplicity, purity and light, listening to the voice of silence, emerging to the light from the darkness, and by understanding the strength of simplicity after passing through complexity, This thesis offers an endless stream of ideas that challenge the mind.
The vision for the Grand Egyptian Museum (GEM) is to establish a place where people from different nations and cultures will be able to immerse themselves in the rich culture heritage from more than 5.000 years of Egyptian civilization. With the support of new technology, more effective and efficient dissemination of information can be achieved, enabling the New Museum to be a source of enjoyable, entertaining, educational and cultural experiences for all visitors.
This project aims at structuring a complex of exhibits and facilities, which will accommodate all Pharaonic periods, it will be the largest museum in the world, and will provide access to information and future knowledge. It results from the careful articulation of the problem and a subsequent ordering of constraints within the context of the competition proposal.Master of Architecture
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Ens, Denise A. "Diachronic palaeodietary analysis of prairie fringe peoples of southeastern Manitoba". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ32101.pdf.
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Fondow, Steven Richard. "Spanish Velar-insertion and Analogy: A Usage-based Diachronic Analysis". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1290438177.
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Hanna, Mirna. "Une approche sémiotique de l’architecture domestique à Beyrouth au XXème siècle. Étude comparative de deux cas typologiques". Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040076.
Texto completoResumen
L’analyse sémiotique de l’architecture domestique a pour but de voir comment se manifestent, à travers le langage architectural, les comportements codés qui remplacent la communication linguistique, en postulant qu'il y a un déterminisme de l'architecture par les valeurs macro-sociales, et que le signe architectural doit être considéré comme un marqueur anthropologique. L’approche pluridisciplinaire qui allie des champs aussi divers que l’architecture, la sémiologie et l’anthropologie, a pour ambition de contribuer d’une part, à la sémiotique de l’architecture en proposant une méthodologie pour l’analyse et le découpage d’un corpus architectural, et d’une autre, d’élargir le champ de la géographie urbaine à de nouvelles disciplines, et enfin, de proposer une lecture inédite du paysage urbain à Beyrouth à travers l’étude comparative de deux typologies architecturales. L’approche sémiotique proposée peut être appliquée en tant qu’outil de la géographie urbaine à des corpus architecturaux ou des pans du tissu urbain afin d’appréhender les mécanismes de production et d’obsolescence des formes, et par extension de la villeThe purpose of a semiotic analysis of architecture is to see how non verbal codes manifest themselves through the architectural language, based upon the idea that such a language is conditioned by macro-social values, and therefore the architectural sign should be considered as an anthropological marker. This multi-disciplinary approach combining different fields such as architecture, semiotics and anthropology, is aimed on one hand at contributing to semiotics by proposing a methodology for the analysis of an architectural corpus, and on the other hand, to broadening the field of urban geography to new disciplines, and finally, to providing a new analysis of Beirut’s urban fabric through the comparative case study of two architectural typologies. The proposed semiotic approach can be applied as a tool of urban geography to architectural corpuses and urban fabrics in order to understand the mechanisms of production and obsolescence of form