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Literatura académica sobre el tema "Surpoids – Chez l'adolescent – Togo"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Surpoids – Chez l'adolescent – Togo"
Souames, M., P. Brun y P. Losfeld. "Surpoids et régime alimentaire chez l'adolescent : étude dans les collèges du département des Hauts-de-Seine". Archives de Pédiatrie 12, n.º 10 (octubre de 2005): 1540–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2005.03.059.
Texto completoTesis sobre el tema "Surpoids – Chez l'adolescent – Togo"
Notokpe, Adjo Fâa-Ny Céline. "L'image du corps chez l'adolescent en surpoids et sa famille au Togo". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UBFCC009.
Texto completoIn the West, several studies on the psychopathology of overweight attribute it to being a somatic action expressing or resulting from an individual and/or family psychological malaise of the adolescent. Excess weight which would therefore be a symptom of an unconscious image of the individual and/or family body carrying marked narcissistic fragilities (Carof, 2017; Sanahuja & Vicente, 2018; Benoît 2020). However, our study carried out in an African socio-cultural context tends to demonstrate the opposite and allows us to underline the importance of the socio-cultural crucible of evolution of the overweight adolescent or not, in the construction of his body image. In fact, the Western psychopathological understanding of overweight, like other Western psychopathological theorizations, depends on the socio-cultural environment of identification, emergence and evolution of the phenomenon or problem. An apprehension and psychopathological theorizations of overweight which may therefore not make sense at all in another socio-cultural context. Indeed, overweight in the African socio-cultural framework in general and Togolese in particular is first and foremost a body phenomenon, banal like a small, short, tall, or thin body. Socio-culturally, the overweight body is perceived as signifying a development of body and mind reflecting health and economic well-being. To describe an overweight person in many African countries, they are said to be “in shape”. Thus, overweight is not immediately pathologized or even less psychopathologized in Africa. It only becomes a problem of the body, and again only a medical pathological problem when it is a case of severe, morbid, or massive obesity because it handicaps the subject's daily life and health.It is therefore this phenomenon of the fat, overweight body through its unconscious image of the individual and family body among adolescents in Togo that this present study proposes to explore, discover, describe, and analyze following a scientific and psychological approach. Thus, independently of overweight but also in connection with it, we start from the assertion that this image of the individual and family body of the overweight adolescent is above all dependent on the image of the social body and therefore of the social gaze about the overweight body, under which the adolescent grew up
Dupuy, Marie. "Facteurs associés au surpoids chez l'enfant et l'adolescent". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU30349.
Texto completoHigh prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity associated with health consequences at short and long term highlight the need for improved prevention and care. The objective of this research work was to study the factors associated with overweight, in young children, on one hand, and in adolescents on the other. In young children, we have shown the importance of family antecedents of overweight and diabetes, early weight status and environmental factors (particularly television viewing). In adolescents, we have shown that overweight was negatively associated with family affluence, daily breakfast consumption and practicing physical activity. Television viewing was also associated with overweight in girls only. The etiology of overweight is complex. Better understanding of the determinants of overweight in children could assist in formulating multi-disciplinary approaches for prevention and care of overweight
Lentin, Gregory. "Surpoids chez le jeune joueur de rugby : indicateurs diagnostiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOUL1008.
Texto completoOur thesis work consists first to estimating the prevalence of overweight in young french rugby players from the BMI, according to IOTF criteria. Since the body mass index does not allow any indication of body composition, the contribution of body fat mass and fat-free mass to BMI in different age categories during the puberty period was assessed by using the body fat mass (BFMI) and fat-free mass (FFMI) indexes proposed by VanItallie (1990). The multidimensional Hattori’s body composition chart (1991) makes it possible to assess excess body fat, and to characterize the morphotype of young players, distinguishing normal-weight players from overweight or obese players. The second objective was to analyze the contributions body fat mass and fat-free mass to excess body size, in overweight and obese young rugby players during the puberty period, and ultimately to reconsider the prevalence of overweight in this population. The third objective was to compare the anthropometric characteristics of a weight-grading model with the age-grading model, taking into account BMI status and body composition. Finally, the last objective was to offer coaches/sports staff a diagnostic device based on simple anthropometric indicators (measurement of circumferences), in order to detect overweight and to predict other atypicalities requiring appropriate care.Body composition was assessed by the skinfold method in 738 young players aged 9 to 14 years registered in clubs (Ligue du Sud de rugby), distributed according to their chronological age category: U11, U13, U15.According to the IOTF criteria, the prevalence of overweight is estimated at nearly 47%. However, 53% of young players classified as obese and overweight by BMI had an excess body fat by using BFMI above the 75th percentile. Moreover, the average contribution of fat-free mass to excess bodysize was high (44.3 %). Thus, the average overestimation of the prevalence of overweight is estimated at nearly 20 %. Although overweight/obese players had higher BFMI (range: + 2.9–3.7 kg.m−2) than normal-weight in the present study, they also had higher FFMI (range: + 2.4–2.7 kg.m−2). It is important to mention that the majority of obese rugby players (from 66 to 100%) were in the highest tertile for BFMI and FFMI. So, chart analysis of BFMI and FFMI according to the 25–75th percentiledistribution may be helpful to determine the contribution of body fat mass and fat-free mass to BMIand to avoid misclassification. The weight-grading strategy appears effective in terms of limitingmismatches in these variables among schoolboy rugby players and the identity of the category has been in part preserved. However, atypicalities remained (10 %), especially concerning extreme morphotypes. Morphotypes of young rugby players can be identified from predictive anthropometricequations of BFMI and FFMI by the circumference method, in particular in order to classify playerswithin their home group.In conclusion, Hattori’s body composition chart facilitates better identification of overweight young players and those with low muscle mass, as well as the detection of atypical morphotypes requiring appropriate management. Simple circumference measurements are likely to predict these different morphotypes, and could thus be carried out routinely by coaches/sports staff a prophylactic and performance-enhancing strategy
Youssef, Hala. "L’obésité de l’adolescent Libanais : étude épidémiologique et effets d’un exercice aigu et chronique sur le stress oxydant d’adolescentes en surpoids". Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00562543/fr/.
Texto completoOur first epidemiological study interested to the obesity causes and related factors in Lebanese youth. 17. 1 % of Lebanese adolescents were overweight and 4. 5% were obese. Moreover, boys were more overweight and obese compared with girls (23% and 8. 1% vs 12. 7% and 1. 8%). Obesity, especially in boys, was associated to sedentary behaviors, alimentary disorders and to a high socioeconomic status. The fat mass excess and the metabolic and hormonal obesity‐related disorders, especially in adolescent girls, aggravate oxidative stress (OS). Therefore, in our second study, we examinated the effect of basal insulin‐resistance (IR) and inflammation on OS, at rest and in response to exhaustive exercise in overweight adolescent girls. These girls exhibited a higher OS at rest (decrease GSH/GSSG ratio, α‐tocopherol and GPx) and after exercise (increase F2‐Isop, ROOH, MPO) compared with non‐obese girls. This OS was correlated to body composition and to the basal IR and inflammation. However, the determinant parameter of exercise‐induced OS in overweight group was the oxygen overconsumption. Aerobic training is well known to increase body resistance against exercise‐induced OS in healthy subjects. Our final purpose was to examine the effect of 3‐months multivariate aerobic training on post‐exercise OS in overweight adolescent girls. In this population, training by inducing body composition improvement attenuated the post‐exercise lipid peroxidation and inflammation (F2‐IsoP, ROOH, LDLox, MPO). In conclusion, Aerobic training improves the body tolerance to exercise‐induced OS in overweight adolescent girls
Bonsergent, Émilie. "Efficacité de trois stratégies de prévention du surpoids et de l'obésité à l'adolescence. Un essai avec randomisation en grappes". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0080/document.
Texto completoBackground: Given the increasing prevalence of youth overweight and obesity in the last decade, prevention as become an international public health priority.Objective: The aim of The PRALIMAP (PRomotion de l'ALIMentation et de l'Activité Physique) trial was to evaluate the 2-year effectiveness of three strategies - « Education », « Screening » et « Environment »- aimed at preventing overweight and obesity among adolescents in high school setting on body size and nutritional knowledge and behaviours. Method: PRALIMAP was a school-based randomized controlled trial beginning in 24 state-run high schools (clusters) in Lorraine (north-eastern France). Each study high school was assigned to receive or not, over a 2-year period (grades 10 and 11), each of the three prevention strategies according to a 2x2x2 factorial school randomization. The prevention strategies were: ?education? (development of nutritional knowledge and skills), "environment" (creation of favourable environment by improving availability of dietary items with a good nutritional quality and physical activity), and "screening" (detection of overweight and obesity and, if necessary, adapted care management). The follow-up consisted of three visits: at the entry of grade 10(T0), grade 11(T1) and grade 12(T2). Body mass index (BMI), BMI z-score and prevalence of overweight and obesity were the main outcomes measures. Secondary outcomes measures were nutritional knowledge and behaviours. Comparisons of changes (T2-T0) of outcomes measures between each strategy schools and their control were carried out using a three-level hierarchical mixed model. A process evaluation allowed estimating an intervention dose really received by adolescents. Results: The 2-year change of anthropometric outcomes was more favourable in the 12 screening high schools as compared with the no-screening ones: a lower increase in BMI (+0,6 vs +0,7, p=0,0303), a greater decrease in BMI z-score (-0,9 vs -0,5, p=0,0173) and a greater decrease in overweight / obesity prevalence (-2,3% vs -0,6%, p=0,0386). The education strategy resulted in improved nutritional behaviours: a greater increase in achievement of starchy food guidelines (3,6% vs -0.7%, p=0.0357) and physical activity practice (+0,02 vs -0,10, p=0,0047). The environment strategy resulted in improved nutritional attitudes: a lower decrease in achievement of number of weekly meals guidelines (-4.5% vs -8.5%, p=0.0101) and greater increase in nutritional knowledge (+1,9 point vs +1,0 point, p=0.0094). Some differences in activity implementation and participation were highlighted and can explain some of the results observed. Conclusions: The screening strategy is an effective way to prevent, at two years, overweight and obesity among adolescents in a high school setting. Nutritional education added to the curriculum is not effective in the short term on body size. The school nutritional environment modification is slightly associated with improved nutritional knowledge and behaviours
Langlois, Johanne. "Activité physique, sédentarité, inégalités sociales, surpoids et obésité à l’adolescence : contribution de PRALIMAP et PRALIMAP-INÈS, recherches interventionnelles en milieu scolaire". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0341/document.
Texto completoBackground: Among adolescents, social differences in physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) are seldom explained. Proportionate universal interventions aimed at reducing social inequalities among overweight adolescents are uncommon. Objectives: To explore correlations between PA, SB, social, family and school-related factors among adolescents. Four research topics were elaborated: identifying factors associated with PA and SB, analysing socially less-advantaged overweight adolescents’ participation in a proportionate universal school intervention, analysing adolescents' perceptions of their PA practice, and evaluating the effectiveness of this intervention. Methods: This work is the result of two trials in the school setting: (PRomotion de l'ALIMentation et de l'Activité Physique) and PRALIMAP-INÈS (INÈgalité de Santé). The International PA Questionnaire (IPAQ) was used to measure PA and SB. Social status was defined according to socio-professional categories and the family affluence scale (FAS). Data on perceptions was collected from individual interviews. Individual interviews allowed data collection of perceptions. Logistic regressions were also carried out. Results: PA was dependent on social, family and school-related characteristics. Total energy expenditure was not sufficient to identify social differences in PA. The perceived barriers to PA practice were mostly individual and were different according to social status and gender. The proportionate universal intervention in schools successfully engaged these adolescents and reduced social inequalities related to PA. Conclusion: This work emphasises the importance of implementing specific activities in PA for socially less advantaged overweight adolescents
Gautier, Yentl. "Impact d’un régime occidental déséquilibré, de l’obésité et d’une intervention de type bypass ou restriction calorique lors de périodes sensibles du développement sur les réponses neuro-comportementales de jeunes adultes chez le modèle miniporc Yucatan et l’homme". Thesis, Rennes 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN1B065/document.
Texto completoThe Western diet (WD) exposure during critical developmental periods is considered as a major factor in the development of obesity, notably morbid obesity, of which the reference treatment when all other strategies (e.g. diet) have failed remains the bariatric surgery. But the invasiveness of this procedure, associated with non-negligible risks and failures, justifies the development of alternative therapies. To this aim, it is essential to understand the brain phenotypes regulating eating behavior. The objective of this thesis was to study the hedonic and cognitive neuro-behavioral dynamics in young adults who had been exposed to WD either during the perinatal period (SLK project), during adolescence (HOS project), both in minipig (SLK + HOS) and humans (HOS). For the HOS project, tests were performed on normal-weight subjects (human and pig), obese subjects (pig), and then after weight loss induced by calorie restriction with or without a gastric bypass (pig). We used psycho-behavioral approaches (tests, questionnaires) and brain imaging (PET, SPECT, fMRI). In the minipig, perinatal exposure to WD induced an "obese" cerebral phenotype and increases offspring susceptibility to stress, whereas exposure in adolescents induces an addiction-type cerebral phenotype and alters working memory. The human pilot study allowed to identify brain areas recruited in a food-choice situation involving dilemma, particularly the cingulate cortex and fusiform-occipital. Obesity causes anxio-depressive symptoms associated with snacking. Weight loss restores normal behavior and induced attentional brain regulation in response to sugar. Neuronal modulation by digestive hormones and/or microbiota is strongly suspected. Additional physiological, histological, and metabolomic analyzes should provide valuable answers to understand how the microbiota-gut-brain axis is involved in neurocognitive modulations induced by diet and weight variations
Libros sobre el tema "Surpoids – Chez l'adolescent – Togo"
Soulié, Danielle. Le surpoids chez l'enfant et l'adolescent. Paris: Solar, 2005.
Buscar texto completoPrise en charge du surpoids et de l'obésité de l'enfant et de l'adolescent: L'expérience de l'Institut St-Pierre de Palavas. Montpellier Cedex: Editions Espaces, 2004.
Buscar texto completoElliott, Rebecca. Pretty Funny for a Girl. Peachtree Publishing Company, 2021.
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