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Kasperczyk, Megan M. "Social Support from Fathers, But Not Mothers, Is Related to the Psychological Distress of Adolescent Latina Mothers". Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1494194331935338.
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Burks, Katrina Marie Russo. "Mothers' Perceptions of Workplace Breastfeeding Support". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2015. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/371.
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Despite substantial evidence that breastfeeding is the optimal way to feed the healthy, full-term infant, data show that, although most mothers in the United States start out breastfeeding their infants, there are often barriers to continued breastfeeding beyond the first few weeks or months. Among the reasons cited are lack of support and the need to return to full or part time paid employment. As a result of the Surgeon General's 2011 Call to Action to Support Breastfeeding, many initiatives have been implemented on national, state, and local levels to improve support for breastfeeding in the workplace. The purpose of this study was to investigate mothers' perceptions of workplace breastfeeding support. The study surveyed a convenience sample of 44 women employed by a 562-bed academic and university medical center in Northern New England who had a baby less than two years ago. The Employee Perceptions of Breastfeeding Support Questionnaire was used to collect mothers' perceptions about organization support, manager support, co-worker support, time considerations, and the physical environment of the worksite breastfeeding or pumping facilities. Descriptive statistics revealed that mothers had favorable perceptions of support for breastfeeding in their workplace. Similar studies with different types of employers or with hospitals in different areas of the United States may have different results. Adapting breastfeeding accommodations and support in the workplace in ways that facilitate increased initiation and duration of breastfeeding is an important step toward achieving Healthy People 2020 goals.
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Lyons, Megan L. "First Mothers/Birth Mothers: Social Support and Long-Term Psychological Stress and Growth". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1503403065090081.
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Hallett, Catherine Croghan. "Strain, Social Support, and the Meaning of Work for New Mothers". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279072/.
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The purpose of this study was to describe the relative importance of aspects of the occupational environment in predicting personal strain and changes in the meaning of work (perceived changes in work role salience and work values) during the transition to parenthood. The aspects of the work environment under investigation were: work interference with family, family interference with work, supervisor support for combining work and family, and organization support (respect, separation, and integration types). Control variables were husband support, an important factor in adjustment during the transition to parenthood, and socioeconomic status. A sample of 118 women in dual career couples with one child under two years of age were recruited through childcare centers and newspaper announcements. The sample was predominantly Caucasian and middle or upper-middle class. Subjects completed self-report questionnaires. Hypotheses were tested using hierarchical multiple regression. Results of this study provided partial support for the hypothesis that workplace support and work/family interference would contribute to personal strain. Only family interference with work emerged as a significant predictor. The results of this study provided partial support for the hypothesis that husband support, workplace support, and work/family interference would contribute to change in work values. Only husband support was a significant predictor. Having a traditional marriage in which the wife assumes greater responsibility than her husband for parenting and household tasks contributed to her altering work values. The results of this study did not support the hypotheses that husband support and workplace support would predict family interference with work or work interference with family. Also, the results did not support the hypothesis that husband support, workplace support, and work/family interference would predict change in work role salience during the transition to parenthood. Theoretical and methodological issues are discussed.
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Chan, Yuk-chung. "A study of the mothers abusing their children : their stress and extent social support received /". [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1990. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12920095.
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Nel, Annele. "The social support networks of single mothers in Guguletu". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50189.
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Thesis (M Social Work)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research investigates the social support networks of single mothers. The basic premise underlying this research is the importance of social workers' understanding of the social support networks of single mothers. It is necessary for social workers to identify the social support systems that exist in a social support network, and to select those systems which would be relevant to the needs of the single mother. The aim of this study is to present guidelines for social workers to empower single mothers to utilise social support networks to fulfil their roles as parents. The research report includes identifying personal information, issues faced by singleparent families, the nature of single-parenthood, emotional and functional changes experienced since becoming a single mother and the social support networks of single mothers. Knowledge of these indicators will increase the awareness of social workers of the needs of single mothers. The research report includes identifying personal information, issues faced by singleparent families, the nature of single-parenthood, emotional and functional changes experienced since becoming a single mother and the social support networks of single mothers. Knowledge of these indicators will increase the awareness of social workers of the needs of single mothers.The research report includes identifying personal information, issues faced by singleparent families, the nature of single-parenthood, emotional and functional changes experienced since becoming a single mother and the social support networks of single mothers. Knowledge of these indicators will increase the awareness of social workers of the needs of single mothers. The research report includes identifying personal information, issues faced by singleparent families, the nature of single-parenthood, emotional and functional changes experienced since becoming a single mother and the social support networks of single mothers. Knowledge of these indicators will increase the awareness of social workers of the needs of single mothers. The empirical research involved the use of both qualitative and quantitative methods in order to explore the theoretical part of the research. This section was divided into two phases. The first phase was devoted to acquiring a sufficient understanding of the nature of what single-parenthood with an emphasis on single mothers, and also to get a better understanding of the single mothers' existing social support network. The second phase included conducting interviews with the single mothers (N=10) with the help of a questionnaire. The findings and responses of the respondents were analyzed and compared with the findings from previous studies undertaken by various authors. The findings of this research can be used as guidelines for social workers who need to assist a single mother with a need or problem, and more specifically can help the single mother to utilize her social support network.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie navorsing ondersoek die maatskaplike ondersteuningsnetwerke van enkel moeders. Die uitgangspunt van die navorsing is dat dit belangrik is dat maatskaplike werkers begrip sal hê vir die maatskaplike ondersteuningsnetwerke van enkelmoeders. Dis belangrik dat maatskaplike werkers die maatskaplike ondersteunings sisteme wat in die maatskaplike ondersteuningsnetwerk bestaan sal identifiseer, en om dan die sisteme wat relevant is tot die behoeftes van die enkelmoeder te selekteer. Die doel van die studie is om riglyne daar te stel vir maatskaplike werkers om enkelmoeders te bemagtig om maatskaplike ondersteuningsnetwerke te gebruik om hul rol as ouers te vervul. Die navorsings verslag sluit die volgende in: identifiserende persoonlike inligting, probleme wat enkelouer gesinne kan ondervind, die aard van enkelmoederskap, emosionele en funsionele veranderinge ondervind sedert enkelmoederskap en die maatskaplike ondersteuningsnetwerke van enkelmoeders in, Kennis van hierdie indikatore sal maatskaplike werkers se bewustheid van die behoeftes van enkel moeders verhoog. Vir die empiriese navorsing is kwalitatiewe en kwantitatiewe metodes gebruik om die teoretiese aspekte van die navorsing te ondersoek. Hierdie afdeling is in twee fases verdeel. Die eerste fase is uitgevoer om genoegsame begrip te verkry van die aard van enkelouerskap met die klem op enkelmoeders, asook om 'n beter begrip te kry van die enkelmoeder se bestaande maatskaplike ondersteuningsnetwerk. Die tweede fase behels die voer van onderhoude met enkelmoeders (N=10) met behulp van 'n vraelys, in Guguletu. Resultate en respondense is ontleed en vergelyk met die bevindinge van vorige studies wat deur verskillende navorsers onderneem is. Die bevindinge van die navorsing kan deur maatskaplike werkers gebruik word as riglyne om enkelmoeders wat behoeftes of probleme ondervind by te staan, en die enkel moeder meer spesifiek kan help om haar maatskaplike ondersteuningsnetwerk te gebruik.
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Motjelebe, Nthabiseng Joyce. "The social support network of teenage mothers in Botshabelo". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/3108.
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A qualitative and quantitative approach was chosen together with an exploratory and
descriptive design in order to obtain knowledge, insight and understanding regarding the
utilization of social support network of teenage mothers in Botshabelo. It is necessary for
social workers to identify the social support systems that exist in a social support network of
teenage mothers in order to select those systems which would be relevant to meet the needs of
teenage mothers. The aim of this study is to present guidelines for social workers to empower
teenage mothers to utilize social support networks to fulfil their roles as parents.
A sample of ten teenage mothers (14 years to 19 years of age) who are from the service area
at the J clinic in Botshabelo was involved in the study. A qualitative investigation was carried
out by means of conducting interviews with the aid of a semi-structured interview guide.
The responses of the participants and the findings of the study were analyzed and compared
with the findings of previous studies. The results of the investigation confirmed that the
findings of the literature study namely that teenage parenting severely impacts daily
functioning of teenage mothers. These challenges include aspects related to financial
problems, responding to the baby’s needs, attending classes or seeking for a job, while
expected to play a mother’s role at the same time.
The results of the study gave an indication of the nature of social work intervention that is
needed for this target group: talking to someone, distributing information regarding teenage
parenting, distributing information regarding available services, participating in a support
group and learning to cope with daily activities. The findings of the research can be used as
guidelines by social workers who need to empower teenage mothers to utilize their social
support network.
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Stylianou, Antigoni. "Mothers with disabled children in Cyprus : experiences and support". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2017. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10023393/.
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In a discernibly developed world, where the subject of disability and equal rights for disabled children is strongly discussed, it is expected that inclusive practices and service provision should be developed in smaller societies as well. There is evidence that mothers, and mothers of disabled children in particular, are the main care providers to their children. Lack of evidence for this however, in the context of Cyprus, was the main point of departure for this research. By focusing on mothers with disabled children in Cyprus, this study aimed to gain an understanding of mothers’ experiences and their perspectives on raising disabled children. An examination of the Cyprus context, its history and relation to disability, have been analysed in an attempt to contextualise the analysis of mothers’ accounts. Twenty-five mothers shared their personal experiences of their journeys with their disabled children. Data were collected via semi-structured interviews with mothers whose children ranged from the ages of six to twenty-two years. Mothers described their experiences and early feelings, from the time that their children were born, to the time that the mothers became aware of the disability. Mothers were asked to describe the support that they received ‘formally’, with regards to state support and other public services, as well as the ‘informal support’ received from family members and friends. In addition the study aimed to establish an understanding of the experiences of stigma that the mothers encountered, and the ways used to manage and cope with stigma. Data were analysed through thematic analysis. The study shows that mothers went through different stages of grief associated with their journeys with their children. Shock, disappointment and lack of trust in doctors and other professionals were the main feelings that characterised the different stages of their journeys. In terms of support, the results highlighted differences between the formal and informal support that they received. Mothers were much less satisfied with formal than informal support. All the mothers experienced stigma by ‘courtesy’ of having a child with a disability. The study concludes that in Cyprus there is still a huge gap between policy and practice.
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Yardley, E. B. "Teenage mothers' experiences of stigma and formal support services". Thesis, Aston University, 2007. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/10890/.
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This research has two focal points: experiences of stigma and experiences of formal support services among teenage mothers. Twenty teenage mothers were interviewed in depth, ten from a one-to-one support service, and ten from a group based support service. Contributions to knowledge consisted of the following. First, regarding experiences of stigma, this research integrated concepts from the social psychology literature and established the effects of stigma which are experienced by teenage mothers, offering reasons for the same. Additionally, further coping mechanisms in response to being stigmatized were discovered and grouped into two new headings: active and passive coping mechanisms. It is acknowledged that for a minority of participants, stigma does have negative effects, however, the majority experiences no such serious negative effects. Secondly, regarding experiences of support services, this research was able to directly compare one-to-one with group based support for teenage mothers. Knowledge was unearthed as to influential factors in the selection of a mode of support and the functions of each of the modes of support, which were categorised under headings for ease of comparison. It was established that there is indeed a link between these two research foci in that both the one-to-one and group based support services fulfil a stigma management function, in which teenage mothers discuss the phenomenon, share experiences and offer advice to others. However, it was also established that this function is of minor importance compared to the other functions fulfilled by the support services.
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Vaughan, Karolyn, of Western Sydney Nepean University y School of Health and Nursing. "Mother, baby residential admission : the mother's experience". THESIS_XXX_SHN_Vaughan_K.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/340.
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Becoming a mother is a challenging time and for some women the lifestyle adjustment can be very stressful. In combination with the changes in family structure mothers are increasingly seeking professional support and assistance in the care of their infants and children. Child and family health services in NSW offer varying levels of professional support and education, including 24-hour residential care. The purpose of this study is to explore and describe the mothers' perceptions and experiences of residential admission to a Child and Family Health Unit - Karitane. This study is descriptive in nature. Sixteen English speaking mothers admitted to Karitane in 1998 took part in the study. Focus groups were the main source of data for the study. The focus groups were undirected, conversations recorded and written notes taken. Additional data were collected by a questionnaire to determine the demographic characteristics of the mothers. The mothers' indicators of depression were scored using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Each mother completed the EPDS during the admission period and at the time of the focus and respective comparison was made. Data analysis revealed that the mothers' EDPS scores had decreased significantly at the time of the focus group meeting. The key concepts that emerged in the mothers' descriptions of their experiences were the importance of the development of the professional relationship, equity and access to parenting services, particularly for the partner, and the need for services to promote and provide realistic parenting education with an early intervention focus. The implications of the findings lend support to health care professionals in lobbying government for the necessary funds, in providing increased access to quality parenting services.Master of Nursing (Hons)
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Kwok, Lai-sum Kitty. "The stress, social support, and psychological well-being of single-parent mothers". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470162.
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Ho, Wai-man Elman. ""Commitment, knowledge, social support" associated with successful breast-feeding in H.K. Chinese women". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31971027.
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Chatman, Deborah Michelle. "Social support in African-American adolescent mothers : an exploratory study /". The Ohio State University, 1993. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487843314694397.
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Phipps, Fiona. "Peer support for mothers with postnatal depression : a pilot study". Thesis, De Montfort University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/11128.
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Background: Postnatal depression (PND) is a global problem and an important public health issue. It is estimated that approximately 15% of women experience depression during the first postnatal year but there are problems in recognition because its clinical assessment can be complex. The incidence of postnatal depression continues to rise resulting in serious consequences for the mother, her child and the extended family and a risk of suicide (the leading cause of maternal death in England and Wales) and infanticide in some severely depressed mothers. Treatment programmes vary considerably but many studies are suggesting that psychological interventions can be as equally, if not more, clinically effective in the management of depression as routine care from a general practitioner or anti-depressants in the short term – and may be more cost effective. Method: The aim of this exploratory pilot study is to identify whether the support, on a one to one basis, from a Peer Support Worker (PSW) would assist in the reduction of PND in new mothers. Eight PSW’s were recruited. Each PSW had previously suffered from mild to moderate postnatal depression but had recovered and were not currently receiving any form of psychological support or taking any medication. They were employed, on a six month contract, by the local NHS Trust. References and enhanced criminal records clearance were obtained. A confidentiality statement was also signed by the PSW. Thirty mothers were recruited by their own Health Visitor. This was carried out using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scoring documentation (EPDS) alongside a clinical assessment. The cut off score, as agreed by both the lead researcher and the Health Visitors involved in the study, was 11. Fully informed consent was obtained and participant information sheets given. The mothers were allocated into either a Control group or an Intervention group using number alternating. The PSW’s received formal training about child protection procedures/safeguarding children in addition to the relevance and importance of confidentiality. However, apart from this, a structured training programme was not adhered to. The PSW’s strongly felt, as a combined group, that they wanted to provide the intervention simply as a ‘fellow mum who had survived the rollercoaster journey of PND’. Each PSW wanted to identify the nature of the problem, find a possible solution, and design their own proposed ‘support package’ – from the outset of the study. The PSW visited the mother in their home environment, or a location of their choice, for a period of six weeks on a once weekly basis (intervention group). This was then compared to a number of mothers who received support from their family Health Visitor (HV) alone (control group). Data collected was both qualitative and quantitative. The PSW's and the mothers from both the control group and the intervention group were asked to maintain a log book reflecting upon their feelings and thoughts after each visit (either from their PSW or their HV). Individual and group supervisory sessions were also offered by the lead researcher to both the mothers within the intervention group, and the control group, in addition to the PSW’s. A number of the participants were interviewed on a one to one basis when their infant was six months old. Data from the interviews was subsequently transcribed, coded and categorised, and key themes identified. Quantitative data was collated in the form of an Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score (EPDS) – an assessment tool which is routinely used to identify mothers at risk or suffering from postnatal depression. The EPDS score was recorded prior to the support commencing by either a PSW or the Health Visitor, after completion of all six visits, and when the infant was six months old. Analysis: The EPDS scores recorded at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and again when the infant was six months old, were analysed and summarised using graphs and charts. Non parametric analysis using Friedman’s Anova and the Wilcoxon paired test was carried out. A Mann Whitney test, Kolmogorov-Smirrov test and a Shapiro-Wilk test were also performed. A constant comparative method was used as a means of analysing the qualitative data collected from both log books and interview transcript (Denscombe 2008). The lead researcher consistently read and re-read text data, compared new codes and categories as they emerged and repeatedly compared them against existing versions. This process enabled the researcher to refine and improve the explanatory power of the concepts and theories generated from the data. Similarities and differences were highlighted and categories and codes were identified. On completion of this analysis, all participants were contacted to ensure validity of the findings and that each participant agreed with the researchers interpretation of the data collected. Results: Qualitative and quantitative findings from this study suggest that the input from a PSW does assist in the reduction of PND in new mothers. This is demonstrated in both the analysis of the quantitative data and the qualitative. The EPDS scores demonstrated little difference between the participants at 6 weeks but the statistics started to diverge at 12 weeks – the mean at 12 weeks for the control group is recorded at 12.46 and the intervention group is 10.33 – a difference of 2.13. The EPDS at six months demonstrates a difference between the two scores as 2.67 (the control group mean recording is 11.60 compared with the intervention mean which is 8.93). The key themes identified were the immeasurable value of ‘social support’ and ‘shared experiences’. The resounding factor that appears repeatedly throughout the analysis of data is the fact that the mothers could ‘truly relate to their Worker.’ Their PSW gave them ‘hope’, made them feel as if they were ‘not a failure’ and gave them an overwhelming ‘sense of normality’. This, in turn, increased their self-esteem, their positivity towards their parenting role, and their ability to therefore be ‘a good mother.’ A major strength of the work was the involvement of the PSW’s in both the planning and the implementing of the intervention. It was their design, their creation, and their feelings about what may really help their mother. A number of other themes were also identified that were, interestingly, commonalities across the entire data set (participants and PSW’s). These included recognition of their own changing perspective – a realisation that there simply is no ‘quick fix’ solution, that both time and support are required. The PSW’s described feelings of ‘personal benefit’, ‘self-awareness’ and the ‘provision of closure’ for themselves. The intervention group also talked, at length, about their ‘personal benefit’ from the PSW, and their own self-awareness about how they truly felt, their emotions and, in some instances, why they felt this way. The control group recognised the huge advantage from talking to other mothers and, although they did not have the formal support sessions from a PSW, they embraced the opportunity of sharing their thoughts and feelings with ‘fellow mums’. Each participant, and PSW, discussed the sharing of experiences, empathy, the feeling of ‘release’ and, particularly on the mothers’ part, the importance of knowing that, actually, they are not ‘alone’. Conclusion: The aim of this study was to provide early intervention to mothers who were classed as ‘at risk’ of suffering from PND, and, indeed, the support from the PSW’s did appear to have a positive impact upon the mothers’ mental health and wellbeing. However, this was a small scale, pilot study over a relatively short period of time. Larger, more longitudinal studies are certainly required. The importance of the pilot study presented here lies in its usefulness in shaping research to investigate and explore further whether there are indeed beneficial factors to post-natally depressed mothers who receive one to one support from a PSW. The positive results from this study can, potentially, have a huge impact within practice and, most importantly, upon the lives of those affected by postnatal depression.
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Dahl, Rebecca Wade. "Maternal discipline approaches : a comparison between children with conduct problems and a nonclinic group /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7297.
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Del, Villar Angelica. "EFFECTS OF AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDER ON MOTHERS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/674.
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As time keeps on passing, diagnosing a child with Autism keeps on expanding. The research study focuses on gathering data on the impact of mothers that have a child diagnosed on the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). The members chose were from an online all mothers support group. The study was gathered utilizing the post positive approach. After fulfillment of the research the members will be able to view the results of this study by going to the California State University San Bernardino scholar works website. This research was conducted to share information to clinicians and any reader on the day by day battles and difficulties mothers face by caring for a child diagnosed with Autism.
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Russell, Kendra. "Maternal confidence of first-time mothers during their child's infancy". unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-04252006-182317/.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006.Title from title screen. Cecelia Grindel, committee chair; Carol Howell, Patsy Ruchala, committee members. Electronic text (159 p. : ill. (some col.)) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed June 13, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 90-98).
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Yuen-Tsang, Woon-ki Angelina. "Towards a Chinese conception of social support : a study on the social support networks of Chinese working mothers in Beijing /". [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1995. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B14764052.
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Mothapo, Patrick Maredi. "The effects of demographic factors and social support on depression among high school teenage mothers in the Mankweng area". Thesis, University of Limpopo (Turfloop Campus), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/872.
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Thesis (M.A. (Clinical Psychology)) --University of Limpopo, 2011Adolescent motherhood is a major problem in many societies throughout the world. One of the problems these young mothers have to deal with is depression. Depression often results in the disengagement of mother-child interaction. Adolescent mothers who are identified as depressed are more at increased risk of future psychopathology, with additional effects on their future and infants‟ lives. The aim of this study investigates the influence of demographic factors (age and marital status) and social support on depression among high school teenage mothers in the Mankweng area in Limpopo Province, South Africa. Two hundred adolescent mothers took part in the study. One hundred of participants were mothers while the others were non-mothers. Their ages ranged between 15 and 19. A quantitative research design and methodology was employed. Correlation analysis method was also used to associate lack of social support with depression. Correlation analysis indicates that lack of social support was a significant factor negatively affecting teenage mothers‟ disposition to depression (r = -0.609, p < 0.01). T-test analysis which was used to compare the experience of depression among teenage mother base on different age group, indicates that age does not play a significant role for teenage mothers to experience depression (t = 1.409, df = 98; p > 0.05). T-test analysis was also used to compare the experience of depression on married teenage mother and unmarried teenage mothers, and indicates that teenage mothers experience depression irrespective of marital status (t = 1.091, df = 98; p > 0.05). It is recommended that professional counseling be provided to teenage mothers before they return to the school system after giving birth. Support from social welfare and family members are also key support system for the young mothers so that these bring psychological and social stability in their lives.
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Wai, Hoi-ka Jessica. "Benefits of perceived social support in adolescent pregnancy : an integrative review /". View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36396990.
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Aurelio, Shauna Lively. "Surrogate mothers use of online messaging a study of social support /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2004. https://etd.wvu.edu/etd/controller.jsp?moduleName=documentdata&jsp%5FetdId=3425.
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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2004.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 166 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 102-116).
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Yusim, Cynthia F. "The art of social support group intervention with single adolescent mothers". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq23566.pdf.
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Villarreal, Francesca. "INCARCERATED MOTHERS ACHIEVING REUNIFICATION: PROVIDING SUPPORT TO CHILD WELFARE SOCIAL WORKERS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/823.
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This project explores the barriers to reunification with their children for incarcerated mothers in an effort to provide more support to child welfare social workers who engage with this population. Project participants were selected from one regional office of a child welfare agency in Southern California to complete qualitative interviews. Participants included seven Social Service Practitioners (SSPs), two Supervising Social Service Practitioners (SSSPs), and one Data Analysist. Each participant’s interview was digitally recorded, transcribed, and analyzed following the systematic manual coding method with the assistance of Microsoft Word (Ose, S, 2016). Five common barriers were identified: child visitations with incarcerated parents, variances of social worker’s knowledge of services and programs provided by institutions, presence of guidance and support, maintaining contact with incarcerated parents, and length of sentence. At the conclusion of the project, the researcher provided findings to study participants and the Deputy Director of the child welfare agency.
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Brentley, Anita Lynn. "Importance of Perceived Social Support for Black Mothers of Preterm Babies". ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6527.
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Social support represents a network that provides for family, relatives, and friends and is an important predictor of future health and well-being. A knowledge gap exists in the literature regarding a need for social support for Black mothers of preterm babies. This qualitative study explored the perception of social support for Black mothers of preterm babies in Southwest Ohio. The phenomenological method of inquiry was used to gain an in-depth understanding of social support Black mothers receive after preterm birth. The social ecological theory provided a framework for understanding how individual, interpersonal, community, organizations, and policy affect a Black mother's perception of social support after preterm birth. NVivo was used to organize each data category for thematic analysis. The themes included (a) father of the baby, (b) help in times of need, (c) financial assistance, (d) government assistance, (e) lack of support, (f) mom and baby, (g) transition challenges, (h) depression, (i) acknowledging hospital support, (j) uncomfortable support, (k) unrelated support, and (l) increase in assistance. The findings indicate the lack of understanding of preterm birth and its long-term implications for a child, the need for additional interventions prior to discharge, and additional culturally appropriate training of healthcare staff. The study contributed to social change by increasing the understanding of researchers and health care professional regarding social support and improving transitions after preterm birth from hospital to home for Black mothers.
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Samplonius, Liona y Velazco Janice Karen. "Perceived Breastfeeding Support during Hospitalization : A qualitative analysis of mothers' blogs". Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för vård, arbetsliv och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23553.
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It has been well established that breastfeeding provides the best type of nutrition, strengthens the bond between a baby and his mother, and has both physiological and psychological benefits. However, when breastfeeding is causing difficulties, it can negatively impact the mothers’ well-being and even result in depression. When a baby or its mother is hospitalized, breastfeeding issues can arise. The support and help mothers receive during hospitalization is often seen as insufficient or even incorrect. This can cause breastfeeding disruptions and discontinuation, which in turn can cause a prolonged hospital stay and suffering of care. The goal of this thesis is therefore to describe mothers perceived breastfeeding support by the nurses that cared for them. We have made a qualitative content analysis of 15 blogs about breastfeeding for this empiric qualitative study. The blogs were published between 2009-2018, 11 blogs were from England and four were from Sweden. The results were presented in three different themes: strengthening support, feeling reduced, and being dependent on the health professionals’ knowledge and competence. The results show that breastfeeding support is perceived as strengthening and meaningful when adapted to the individual’s needs. However, mothers experience suffering related to care when they feel confused, powerless, and unseen. In the discussion we show how health care personals information and support influences the mothers breastfeeding experiences.Att amning ger den bästa typen av näring, stärker anknytning och har såväl fysiologiska som psykologiska fördelar för båda mamman och barnet är välkänt sedan tidigare. När amningen strular kan det dock vara en anledning till negativa känslor och risk för depression. När ett barn eller en mamma blir sjuk och inlagd på sjukhus, kan problem med amning uppstå. Det stöd och den hjälp mammor får under sjukhusvistelsen upplevs ofta som otillräcklig eller till och med felaktig. Detta kan orsaka rubbningar i amningen och tidig avvänjning, vilket i sin tur kan leda till en längre vistelse på sjukhus och upplevt vårdlidande. Därför är syftet med denna uppsats att beskriva hur mammorna upplever amningsstödet från sjuksköterskor under sin sjukhusvistelse. För denna kvalitativa empiriska studie har vi gjort en kvalitativ innehållsanalys av 15 bloggar hämtade från Internet. Bloggarna publicerades mellan 2009-2018 varav 11 bloggar var från England och fyra var från Sverige. Resultatet presenteras i tre olika teman: stärkande stöd, att känna sig förminskad och att vara beroende av vårdpersonalens kunskap och kompetens. Det framkommer att amningsstöd upplevs som stärkande och meningsfullt när det är anpassat till individens behov, men att kvinnor upplever ett lidande när de känner sig förvirrade, maktlösa, och osedda. I diskussionen visas hur vårdpersonalens information och stöd påverkar kvinnans amningsupplevelse.
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Ericson, Jenny. "Breastfeeding in mothers of preterm infants : Prevalence and effects of support". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-333575.
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The overall aim of this thesis was to describe the prevalence of breastfeeding in preterm infants and to evaluate the effectiveness and mother’s experiences of proactive person-centred telephone support after discharge. Furthermore, to describe the duration of breastfeeding and risks of ceasing breastfeeding up to 12 months. The first study, a register study with data from the Swedish Neonatal Quality register (SNQ), included breastfeeding data at discharge from 29 445 preterm infants born from 2004-2013. The results demonstrated that the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding among preterm infants in Sweden decreased during the study period, especially among extremely preterm infants (<28 weeks). We also performed a multicentre randomised controlled trial (RCT) of 493 breastfeeding mothers of preterm infants discharged from six neonatal units in Sweden. The intervention consisted of a proactive breastfeeding telephone support system in which a breastfeeding support team called the mothers once everyday up to 14 days after discharge. The control group received reactive support; the mothers were invited to call the breastfeeding support team if they wanted to talk or ask any questions (i.e., usual care). The RCT demonstrated that the intervention did not affect exclusive breastfeeding at eight weeks after discharge (primary outcome) or up to 12 months. The proactive support did not affect maternal breastfeeding satisfaction, attachment, quality of life or method of feeding (secondary outcomes). However, parental stress was significantly reduced in mothers in the intervention group. Mothers in the intervention group were significantly more satisfied and involved in the support and felt empowered compared with mothers in the control group, who experienced reactive support as dual. Further findings showed that a lower maternal educational level, partial breastfeeding at discharge and longer stay in the neonatal unit increased the risk of ceasing breastfeeding during the first 12 months of postnatal age. In conclusion, the trend for exclusive breastfeeding at discharge in preterm infants is declining, which necessitates concern. The evaluated intervention of telephone support did not affect breastfeeding, in the short-or long-term. However, maternal stress was reduced and mothers were significantly more satisfied with the proactive support and felt empowered by the support.
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Chivers, Clare. "Disorders of sex development : developmental challenges and mothers' experiences of support". Thesis, Canterbury Christ Church University, 2014. http://create.canterbury.ac.uk/12845/.
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An increasing body of research has sought to determine the impact of Disorders of Sex Development (DSD) on the family of the affected child. Little is currently understood about the support needs of the family and how well these needs are met. With a focus on mothers as primary caregivers, Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis was used to analyse semi-structured interviews with eight mothers of children with DSD about their experiences of support. Four master themes emerged which encapsulated the stages in their child’s development when mothers most needed support, the importance of developing an understanding of the child’s condition, the lack of an acknowledgement of the emotional needs of the parent, and the importance of having close and trusted networks for support. Continuity and availability of support were considered important and while all participants prioritised maintaining privacy about the condition, a minority felt that this impacted on the level of support they received. Key periods of time for support were identified and while some felt that they were well supported others felt that their support did not meet their emotional needs. The results were discussed in light of previous research, and the clinical implications considered.
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Chan, Yuk-chung y 陳沃聰. "A study of the mothers abusing their children: their stress and extent social support received". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1990. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976207.
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Hitchens, Sharon R. "The effects of maternal support and non-support on the family concepts of sexually abused girls". PDXScholar, 1985. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3441.
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Incest, and the problems arising from it, have increasingly come under the scrutiny of therapists and researchers. All family members are affected by incest and all have been studied. Victims are particularly devastated by sexual abuse by a family member but it is a commonly held belief that having a supportive mother can mitigate the trauma a victim experiences. In this study, girls between the ages of ten and eighteen who were the victims of sexual abuse by a father-figure were compared to a group of girls not thought to be incest victims. The incest victims were divided into two groups, those with supportive mothers and those with non-supportive mothers, with support being defined as belief that sexual abuse occurred and action taken to have the offender leave the home. The Family Concept Inventory was the basis of comparison. Family Effectiveness, the degree to which a test taker's ratings of his or her real and ideal families match professional therapists' ratings of the ideal family, and Family Satisfaction, the comparison of the Real and Ideal Family Effectiveness scores, are obtained from the Inventory. There was no statistically significant difference across the three groups 2 on any of the three measures. However, incest victims with nonsupportive mothers had significantly lower Real Family Effectiveness scores than did incest victims with supportive mothers and the control group. On Family Satisfaction the scores of incest victims with non-supportive mothers were lower than the scores of incest victims with supportive mothers, but this difference was not statistically significant. Incest victims with non-supportive mothers clearly view their families as less effective than do incest victims with non-supportive mothers and non-incest victims. However, they remain attached to their families and in need of them and cannot bear the thought of losing their families. This may explain, in part, the reason there was not a statistically significant difference in Family Satisfaction between the two groups of incest victims.
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Kwok, Lai-sum Kitty y 郭麗心. "The stress, social support, and psychological well-being of single-parent mothers". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978083.
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George, Sibrenna. "A Study of the Relationship between School Support, Family Support, Community Support, and Postsecondary Education among Former Teen Mothers in North Carolina". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2018. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/cauetds/126.
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This study examines the relationship between school support, family support, community support, teen parenting programs and postsecondary education among teen mothers in North Carolina. The sample consisted of 212 participants who became teen mothers between the ages of 13-19 and have since attained postsecondary education. The variables used for the study included the following: school support, family support, community support, teen parenting programs, resilience, and mentoring. The research employed a 33-item, five-point Likert scale questionnaire. Explanatory design was utilized to create the study. Purposive and snowball sampling was utilized to gather the data. The findings of the study, overall, indicates that majority of the participants believe that school support, family support, community support, teen parenting programs, resilience, and mentoring helped them to attain postsecondary education.
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Sewell, Margaret G. "Parenting stress and program support acceptance among Mexican American Head Start mothers". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280749.
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This study examined conditions under which low income mothers engage in voluntary supportive relationships with community-based early childhood programs. Parenting stress and support processes were examined in a population of low-income Mexican American Head Start mothers. A new construct, program support acceptance, describes mothers' appraisal of the program as a potential source of parenting support. Research questions related to (a) the relationship between Time 1 (fall) parenting stress and mid-year program support acceptance, (b) the relationship between mid-year program support acceptance and Time 2 (spring) parenting stress, and (c) the contribution of program support acceptance to longitudinal change in parenting stress. The study also considered contextual variables (acculturation, maternal education, stressful life events, partner status, and extended household) as predictors of parenting stress and program support acceptance, and potential moderation of parenting stress and support linkages by acculturation. Finally, the study considered the theoretical issue of whether parenting stress serves to motivate or inhibit support-seeking (reflected in program support acceptance) as a coping behavior. The guiding theoretical framework for the study was based on Abidin's parenting stress model (1983, 1992), and Lazarus and Folkman's general model of stress, appraisal and coping (1984), as well as family support literature based in ecological systems theory. Mean levels of parenting stress declined significantly from Time 1 to Time 2 for mothers in the Head Start program. The contextual variables did not significantly predict Time 1 parenting stress, and marginally predicted program support acceptance. Higher Time 1 parenting stress scores significantly predicted lower levels of mid-year program support acceptance. Higher program support acceptance scores at mid-year significantly predicted lower Time 2 parenting stress in bivariate analysis, but dropped to non-significance after controlling for Time 1 parenting stress. Acculturation did not moderate linkages between parenting stress and program support acceptance. However, several relationships were significant for immigrant generation mothers which were not significant for later generation mothers. In the immigrant group, being partnered predicted higher program support acceptance, and program support acceptance contributed significantly to lower Time 2 parenting stress. Higher maternal education level was associated with lower Time 2 parenting stress.
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Moe, Sondra. "Parenting Stress and Social Support Among Married and Divorced At-Risk Mothers". DigitalCommons@USU, 1999. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2596.
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The stress parents feel affects how they fulfill their roles as parents and their own psychological well-being. Social support has been shown to help parents deal with the demands of their parenting roles while maintaining psychological health. Compared to married parents, divorced mothers are most at risk for parenting stress and negative feelings of well-being. Low-income can add further to the levels of stress in parenting and increase the need for sources of social support.
This study compared low-income divorced mothers to low-income married mothers. It explored mothers' perceptions of the stresses of parenting and feelings of wellbeing in relation to their use of social support resources. Results indicated that divorced mothers who used informal sources of social support (i.e., relatives or fiiends) were more likely to feel in control of their lives and have a more positive perception of their preschool child. On the other hand, married mothers who used formal sources of social support (i.e., agencies or professionals) felt more positive about interactions with their children and felt less distress in their parenting roles.
This study also looked at social support as a moderating variable interacting with marital status to affect feelings of well-being and parenting stress. Social support as a moderating variable was not supported for this sample. It was concluded that researchers must be careful in selecting an instrument used to measure the concept of social support. To assist in clarification of the effects of social support on stress and psychological well-being. measures should encompass not only how often social support is used and the sources of support but also the types and quality of the support received.
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Bellamy, Kathy-Ann. "The Educational Aspirations of Barbadian Adolescent Mothers and Their Perceptions of Support". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3279.
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Adolescent girls often face barriers to fulfill their educational aspirations after childbearing. Unfulfilled goals tend to be associated with low educational attainment and other adverse outcomes for the young mothers, their children, and society. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the lived experiences of Barbadian young women who parented as adolescents and struggled to graduate from formal secondary school. The goal was to understand their perceptions of support for their educational aspirations by their peers and significant others. Social constructionism was the conceptual framework. Moustakas’ transcendental method guided data collection and analysis. Data were collected by conducting in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 8 Barbadian women who bore children in their teen years and who struggled to complete formal high school. Rich descriptions emerged from the essence of their experiences and provided insight into the academic and emotional needs of school-age mothers. The analysis revealed that they experienced challenges balancing motherhood and being a student, stigma, hopelessness, and determination to reach their aspirations. They also experienced support by their friends, school personnel, and their families but they experienced little support from the fathers of their children. This study has implications that could affect positive social change by informing educators and families of the importance of meeting the unique needs of this vulnerable group. Educational leaders and policymakers could use these findings to guide programs aimed at empowering pregnant or parenting girls to achieve educational success and long-term socioeconomic well being.
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Williams, Nikitra Yvette. "The Relationship Between Stress, Coping Strategies, and Social Support Among Single Mothers". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2338.
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Researchers have neglected to focus on understanding the relationships between stress, coping, and social support among single mothers versus mothers who are not single. Knowledge regarding how single mothers' lives are affected by stress, social support, and coping is important, and such information can help readers better understand how effectively single mothers raise children compared with mothers who are not single. A convenience sample of 173 mothers completed this study. Participants in this study consisted of mothers who were (a) raising at least one child ages 18 and under who lives in the home and (b) who were between the ages 20 to 55 years old with a 12th-grade education or greater. Participants were classified into single mothers (those who reported their status as single, to include never married, separated, divorced, in a committed relationship, and widowed; n = 75) and those who were not single (those who reported their status as married, n = 98). Data were scored based on 3 measurement scales: (a) the Perceived Stress Scale, (b) the Ways of Coping Questionnaire, (c) and the Social Support Scale. An independent samples t test determined that mothers who were not single had higher social support than did single mothers, whereas single mothers had higher perceived stress than mothers who were not single. There were no significant differences on measures of coping. An analysis of covariance revealed no significant difference between stress and coping strategies among the mothers when social support was held constant. This study contributes to social change by providing awareness of the importance of social support to professionals and for single mothers. The findings of this quantitative study can thus guide single parenting research and interventions.
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Strauch, Jessica. "Support of Maternity Care Practices to Increase Breastfeeding Among First-Time Mothers". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/557.
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Breastfeeding offers numerous health benefits to both the mother and infant, yet it is not routinely practiced due to a number of internal and external factors that influence the mother's decision. Guided by the social ecological model, the purpose of this study was to examine the effect of required reporting to The Joint Commission on perinatal measures, a proxy measure for maternity care practices, and those professional effects on breastfeeding initiation and exclusivity for first-time mothers. The hypotheses were that the mandatory reporting, and thus an increase in maternity care practices, would increase the initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding on discharge in first-time mothers. This study was a quantitative retrospective study design that included data collected from the medical records of 1,000 mothers from Southeast Alabama Medical Center who gave birth between 2013 and 2014. The multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the odds ratio for initiation of breastfeeding was greater among first-time mothers after implementation of mandatory reporting measures (OR = 2.07; p = 0.0007); however, the odds for exclusive breastfeeding on discharge did not show a statistically significant change (OR = 0.94; p = 0.7507). These findings may inform the work of healthcare providers at hospitals, community centers, and public health workers, guiding their maternity care practices to increase the number of first-time mothers who will breastfeed for longer periods of time and improving children's health outcomes.
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Ömer, Elif y Linnea Öberg. "MOTHERS’ EXPERIENCES OF BREASTFEEDING SUPPORT IN NEONATAL DEPARTMENTS A QUALITATIVE INTERVIEW STUDY". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för hälsa och samhälle (HS), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-25221.
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Bakgrund: Det naturligaste sättet att ge näring åt ett nyfött barn är genom att amma, vilket inte alltid är enkelt och problemfritt. I Sverige föds ungefär 7000 barn per år som behöver vård på neonatalavdelningar. När ett barn är fött för tidigt kan amning dessutom vara förenat med ytterligare svårigheter. Problematiken som kan uppstå kan bero på att det för tidigt födda barnet är omoget och därför inte har samma förutsättningar som fullgångna barn har för att amma. Mödrar på neonatalavdelningar kan samtidigt uppleva en stress och oro över den nya situationen med att ha fått ett för tidigt fött barn. Vårdpersonal har en viktig roll i att ge det amningsstöd som krävs för att främja amning bland för tidigt födda barn. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa mödrars upplevelser av amningsstöd på neonatalavdelningar. Metod: En intervjustudie med kvalitativ ansats utfördes. Elva intervjuer genomfördes och materialet analyserades med inspiration av Burnards analysmetod för kvalitativa intervjuer.Resultat: Mödrarnas upplevelser av amningsstöd resulterade i fyra kategorier: bemötande, vägledning, kompetens och tillgänglighet, med två tillhörande underkategorier vardera.Slutsats: Mödrarna upplevde att endast ett fåtal av personalgruppen kunde ge amningsstöd. Amningsstöd handlade om både kunskap och erfarenhet, men även om upplevelsen kring samspelet mellan personalen och modern. Samspelet handlade till stor del om personalens bemötande och tillgänglighet. Helheten var betydelsefull för upplevelsen av amningsstöd.Background: The most natural way to nourish a newborn baby is by breastfeeding, which is not always easy and trouble-free. Each year about 7000 children who need care in neonatal departments are born in Sweden. When a baby is born prematurely breastfeeding may be associated with additional difficulties. The difficulty that may arise may be the premature baby’s immaturity and therefore the conditions are not the same as a full-term baby’s capacity to breastfeed. At the same time, mothers in neonatal departments experience stress and anxiety about the new situation of having a premature baby. Nursing staff have an important role in providing the breastfeeding support needed, to promote breastfeeding among premature babies.Aim: The aim of the study was to highlight mothers’ experiences of breastfeeding support in neonatal departments.Method: An interview study with a qualitative approach has been performed. Eleven interviews where completed and then analyzed with inspiration of Burnards method of analyzing qualitative interviews.Results: The mothers' experiences of breastfeeding support resulted in four categories: encounter, guidance, competence and availability, with two matching subcategories each.Conclusion: The mothers felt that only a few of the nursing staff could provide breastfeeding support. Breastfeeding support was about knowledge and experience, but also about the experience of the interaction between the staff and the mother. The interaction was largely about the staff's encounter and availability. The entirety was important for the experience of breastfeeding support.
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Silberman, Stephanie G. "Effects of friend support on the parenting behavior of Latina adolescent mothers". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1365421915.
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Srisuthisak, Sasamon. "Relationship Among Stress of Labor, Support, and Childbirth Experience in Postpartum Mothers". VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1916.
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Background: Due to the profound and life-changing aspects of giving birth and to each woman’s individualized birthing experience, it is important to understand the myriad of factors that contribute to a positive childbirth experience. The aims of this study were to: (1) identify factors related to a positive childbirth experience; (2) to examine relationships among women’s perceptions and personal evaluations of their childbirth experience, stress associated with labor pain, support from the nursing staff, initial contact with the baby following birth, support from partners, education, age, and obstetric history; and (3) to identify predictors of a positive childbirth experience. Method: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted using a sample of 122 new mothers recruited over a 3-month period. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires. The three questionnaires used in this study consisted of: (a) the Questionnaire Measuring Attitude About Labor and Delivery Experience (QMAALD 29 items); (b) the Questionnaire Measuring Stress Associated with Labor Pain [SLPS (version 2)]; and (c) Personal Information Questionnaire (Demographic data). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the 29 item QMAALD in this study was .82 and the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient of the SLPS (version 2) in this study was .89. The SPSS statistical software version 16.0 for Windows was used for data analysis. Results: Participants reported a low degree of stress associated with labor pain and a moderate amount of support received from the nursing staff. They reported holding and touching their baby immediately after birth. A positive childbirth experience was inversely related to stress associated with labor pain. The reduction of stress due to support received from the nursing staff was found to be positively related to a positive childbirth. Education was related to a positive childbirth experience; but not a significant predictor of a positive childbirth experience. Maternal age, initial contact with the baby following birth, number of labor and delivery experiences, duration of labor, interventions during labor, attendance at prenatal classes, and support from a partner did not relate to a positive childbirth experience. The regression analysis results indicated that the stress associated with labor pain, the reduction of stress due to the support received from the nursing staff, and attendance at prenatal classes were significant predictors of a positive childbirth experience. Conclusion: Stress associated with labor pain and the reduction of stress due to support received from the nursing staff were key factors contributing to a positive childbirth experience. Further research is needed to better understand the factors influencing women’s positive perceptions of the childbirth experience.
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Bäckström, Caroline A. "Professional and social support for first-time mothers and partners during childbearing". Doctoral thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ. CHILD, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-38334.
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Background: Expecting a child and becoming a parent is one of life’s major events, during which the parents’ perspective on life and their couple relationship changes. For some parents, childbearing entails a decrease in parental couple relationship quality. The way in which parents are able to cope with childbearing may be connected with their Sense of Coherence; which is a person’s ability to perceive life as comprehensible, manageable and meaningful. For parents’ positive childbearing experiences, professional and social support have been proven to be valuable. However, far from all parents have access to social support; furthermore, professional support does not always meet the needs of expectant parents. Hence, more research is needed to increase knowledge about expectant parents’ experiences of professiona land social support. In addition, more research is needed to explore factors associated with quality of couple relationship among parents during childbearing. Aims: The overall aim of the thesis was to explore professional and social support for first-time mothers and partners during childbearing in relation toquality of couple relationship and Sense of Coherence. Methods: The study’s designs were explorative, prospective and longitudinal; both qualitative and quantitative methods were used. Specifically, explorative designs, qualitative methods and phenomenographic analysis were used to explore expectant first-time mothers’ (I) and partners’ perceptions of professional support (II). Furthermore, an explorative design, qualitative method and qualitative content analysis were used to explore expectant first-time mothers’ experiences of social support (III). Within Study IV, a prospective longitudinal design, descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests and multiple linear regression analysis were used to evaluate factors associated with quality of couple relationship among first-time mothers and partners, during pregnancy and the first six months of parenthood. Results: The overall results of the thesis revealed both similarities and differences between expectant first-time mothers’ and partners’ perceptions of professional support, effects from social support and associated factors with perceived quality of couple relationship. The similarities were; both mothers and partners perceived that professional support could facilitate partner involvement, influence their couple relationship and facilitate contacts with other expectant parents. According to first-time mothers’ experiences, their couple relationship with their partner was also strengthened by social support during pregnancy. Further, the results showed that both first-time mothers’ and partners’ higher perceived couple relationship quality six months after birth, was associated with their higher perceived social support. The results showed also that both mothers and partners perceived their quality of couple relationship to decrease and Sense of Coherence to increase six months after childbirth, compared to the pregnancy. Differences revealed were such as: higher Sense of Coherence was only associated with mothers’ higher perceived quality of couple relationship, and first-time mothers reported perceiving more social support compared to the partners both during pregnancy, first week and six months after childbirth. Conclusions: Professional and social support can strengthen first-time mothers and partners both individually and as a couple, in their abilities to cope with childbearing. On the individual basis, the expectant parents could be strengthened through professional and social support that contributed to their understanding and feeling of being prepared for childbirth and parenting, for instance. As a couple, the parents were strengthened by professional support that included the partner’s role, as well as higher perceived social support overall. In contrast, lack of support could have a negative influence on the expectant parents’ feeling of being prepared for childbirth and parenting. Besides this, the results indicates that childbearing has a positive effect on parents’ abilities to cope with life even though their quality of couple relationship decrease. Professionals can use these results in their further understanding about how to offer satisfactory support to first-time mothers and partners during childbearing.
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Trees, April Richelle. "Nonverbal communication and the support process : sensitivity and support seeking in interactions between mothers and young adult children /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8221.
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Parker, Lorien. "An ecological perspective of adolescents' need for support during pregnancy". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6526.
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Thesis (M Social Work (Social Work))--University of Stellenbosch, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: According to South African policy documents, social welfare services, health care providers and schools should place special focus on supporting pregnant adolescents to avoid the possible deleterious effects of early unplanned pregnancies. This implies that pregnant adolescents require support, from multiple levels, in order to adjust positively to their pregnancy so as to promote their well-being and the well-being of their unborn child. This study explores and describes the support needs of pregnant adolescents in three lowincome communities. This was done by examining the support that was currently available and utilised by pregnant adolescents, as well as identifying areas that required improved support. By adopting an ecological approach to the study, the need for support could be investigated on multiple levels. A combination of a quantitative and qualitative research approach was used in the study. The study further assumed an exploratory and descriptive research design in order to provide a detailed description of the phenomenon being studied, namely adolescent pregnancy. Data was gathered by means of a semi-structured questionnaire, which was administered during an individual interview. This allowed for data to be collected that was both measurable as well as rich in description. The design of the semi-structured questionnaire was based on the information obtained from the literature review. The findings of the empirical investigation reveal that adolescents have limited knowledge of formal support services, particularly social welfare services, support groups and health care services, which results in poor utilisation of these services. Consequently, limited support is attributed to these particular services. The findings further indicate that informal sources of support, such as family, friends and partners, were relatively supportive during the adolescent’s pregnancy. However, the adolescents’ relationships with their parents and partners were particularly strained during the pregnancy, especially the relationship with their father. Of significance is the finding that fathers were considered those who offered the adolescents the least amount of support during the pregnancy. As a result of their pregnancy, the adolescents were stigmatised on multiple levels. There was stigmatisation from their friends and peers at school, which had an impact on their social adjustment. Stigma experienced at health care services led to chastising experiences, which deterred the adolescents from utilising such services. Furthermore, pregnant adolescents are stigmatised by their community, and the widespread judgement leads to increased tension and apprehension when seeking formal and informal support. The most important recommendations resulting from the study indicate that many resources of support would be better utilised during pregnancy if adolescents had greater knowledge of the support available to them. This is of particular significance with regard to social welfare services, which play a key role in educating adolescents, their parents and the community about sexuality, adolescent pregnancy and the significance of support. In addition, the recommendations emphasise the importance of promoting and facilitating peer education and support services, which could be of great value for pregnant adolescents. Receiving support and education from peers can be highly effective, but also allows pregnant adolescents to make a valuable contribution to other adolescents in similar situations. In doing so, pregnant adolescents are empowered and encouraged, which is much needed in an environment where they are typically shunned and branded as failures.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Volgens Suid-Afrikaanse beleidsdokumente moet maatskaplike welsynsdienste, gesondheidsdiensteverskaffers sowel as skole ʼn spesiale fokus plaas op die ondersteuning van swanger adolessente om sodoende die nadelige gevolge van vroeë, onbeplande swangerskappe te beveg. Dit veronderstel dat swanger adolessente hulp benodig uit vele vlakke ten einde ʼn positiewe aanpassing tot hulle swangerskap te maak om sodoende hulle eie welstand en dié van hulle ongebore kind te bevorder. Hierdie studie ondersoek en beskryf die ondersteuningsbehoeftes van swanger adolessente in drie lae-inkomste gemeenskappe. Dit is gedoen deur die huidige ondersteuning wat wel beskikbaar is en deur swanger adolessente gebruik is, te ondersoek, asook om aspekte te identifiseer wat meer ondersteuning benodig. Deur die gebruik van ʼn ekologiese benadering tot hierdie studie kon die behoefte aan ondersteuning dus op veelvoudige vlakke ondersoek word. ʼn Kombinasie van kwantitatiewe en kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes is in hierdie studie gebruik. Die studie veronderstel verder ʼn verkennende en beskrywende navorsingsontwerp om sodoende ʼn uitvoerige beskrywing van die verskynsel wat ondersoek word, naamlik adolessente swangerskap, te verskaf. Data is ingevorder deur die gebruik van ʼn semigestruktureerde vraelys wat tydens individuele onderhoude toegedien is. Dit het toegelaat dat data ingevorder kon word wat beide meetbaar sowel as ryk in beskrywing was. Die ontwerp van die semi-gestruktureerde vraelys is gebaseer op inligting verkry uit die literatuurstudie. Die bevindinge vanuit die empiriese ondersoek dui daarop dat adolessente beperkte kennis het oor die formele ondersteuningsdienste, veral maatskaplike welsynsdienste, ondersteuningsgroepe en gesondheidsdienste, wat dan swak gebruik van bogenoemde dienste tot gevolg het. Gevolglik word beperkte ondersteuning aan hierdie dienste toegeskryf. Die bevindinge dui verder dat informele bronne van ondersteuning, soos familie, vriende en metgeselle, relatief ondersteunend was tydens die adolessent se swangerskap. Nietemin was die adolessente se verhoudings met hulle ouers en metgeselle besonder gespanne, veral dié met hulle vaders. Van aansienlike belang was die bevinding dat veral vaders beskou is as dié persone wat die minste ondersteuning tydens die swangerskap gebied het. Daarbenewens word adolessente as gevolg van hulle swangerskap op veelvoudige vlakke gestigmatiseer. Daar is stigmatisering deur vriende en portuurgroepe op skool, wat ’n impak het op die adolessent se sosiale aanpassing. Stigmatisering deur gesondheidsdienste het gelei tot tugtigingsondervindings wat die adolessente daarvan weerhou het om hierdie dienste te gebruik. Verder word adolessente ook deur hulle gemeenskappe gestigmatiseer, waar die algemene veroordeling lei tot verhoogde spanning en vrees wanneer hulle formele of informele ondersteuning benodig. Die belangrikste aanbevelings van hierdie studie, dui daarop dat vele bronne van ondersteuning beter gebruik sou geword het tydens swangerskap indien die adolessente meer kennis van die beskikbare ondersteuning gehad het. Dit is veral opmerklik ten opsigte van maatskaplike welsynsdienste, wat ʼn vername rol speel in die opvoeding van adolessente, hulle ouers en die gemeenskap aangaande seksualiteit, adolessente swangerskap en die belangrikheid van ondersteuning. Daarby benadruk die aanbevelings die belangrikheid van die bevordering en fasilitering van portuurgroepopvoeding en ondersteuningsdienste, wat van groot waarde vir adolessente kan wees. Om ondersteuning van portuurgroepe te ontvang, kan nie slegs hoogseffektief wees nie, maar ook toelaat dat swanger adolessente ʼn positiewe bydrae aan ander adolessente kan maak wat hulle in dieselfde situasie mag bevind. Sodoende word swanger adolessente bemagtig en bemoedig, wat noodsaaklik is in ʼn omgewing waar hulle tipies vermy en as mislukkings beskou word.
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Tsai, Shiow Meei. "Assessing the Relationship Between Transition to Motherhood, Early Mother-Infant Interaction, Stress, and Social Support Among Taiwanese First-Time Mothers". Diss., University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/22072.
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Transition to motherhood is referred to as change in the new role and relationship during women's developmental stages. Difficult transitions may cause problems in the mother-infant relationship and influence the acceptance of this role. The purpose of this study was to investigate transition to motherhood as it relates to early mother infant interaction, stress and social support of first time Taiwanese mothers, and to determine other maternal characteristics related to transition to motherhood. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 63 first-time postpartum mothers between ages of 18 to 35 who intended to breastfeed their infants. The subjects were recruited from a maternity unit of one medical center in south of Taiwan between year 2004 to year 2005. Four major instruments were used to collect the data: Revised What Being the Parent of a Baby is like Questionnaire, The Nursing Child Assessment Scale, The Perceived Stress Scale and The Interpersonal Support Evaluation List.
The first administration of all questionnaires was conducted and the feeding interaction was observed and scored on the postpartum day during hospitalization (Time 1). After observation, immediate feedback regarding their feeding interaction including positive feedback and suggestions were given to all participants by the investigator. The second administration of all questionnaires was conducted at 4 weeks postpartum (Time 2). The last administration of all questionnaires was mailed to participants at 4 months postpartum (Time3). T-test, analysis of variance, Pearson Correlation and stepwise multiple regression were utilized to analyze the data.
Findings indicate that first- time mothers with lower perceived stress and longer breastfeeding had an easier transition process to motherhood. During this transition, social support mediates the effect of perceived stress. The data fit the model and explained 42 % of the variance in transition to motherhood. Up to 29 % of variance was explained by perceived stress and of 13 %was explained by the length ofbreastfeeding. The study provides a knowledge base for further research on transition to motherhood and designing advanced educational program for new parents and clinical practice is required.
Key words: transition, motherhood, mother-infant interaction, stress, social support.
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Zhang, Xun. "Mothers' Parenting Stress in Chinese Immigrant Families: The Role of Fathers' Involvement and Social Support". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707278/.
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This study investigated the association between Chinese immigrant mothers' reports of parenting stress and two sources of parenting support: fathers' support and social support. Five independent-samples t-tests were first computed to examine whether there were discrepancies between Chinese immigrant mothers' and fathers' perceptions of fathers' involvement across five domains of fathers' involvement in early child care: (1) fathers' warmth and attunement; (2) control and process responsibility; (3) emotional involvement; (4) indirect care; and (5) positive engagement. Then regression analyses were conducted to understand how and to what extent the five domains of father involvement reported by mothers and mothers' perceived social support influenced Chinese immigrant mothers' parenting stress. In addition, an indirect effects of mothers' self-efficacy on the relation between fathers' involvement and mothers' parenting stress was also tested. The results showed that Chinese mothers reported significantly greater level of fathers' emotional involvement than the same type of involvement reported by Chinese immigrant fathers. This study also found that fathers' emotional involvement reported by Chinese immigrant mothers was a significant predictor of Chinese immigrant mothers' parenting stress. However, mothers' perceived social support was a stronger predictor, accounting for more variance in their parenting stress than their reports of fathers' involvement across all the five dimensions. Mothers' self-efficacy did not account for the association between Chinese immigrant mothers' reports of fathers' involvement across five dimensions and mothers' parenting stress.
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Kolm-Valdivia, Nicole. "Self-Efficacy of School Nurses in Providing Support for Pregnant and Parenting Teenagers". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1353023673.
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Haufiku, Anneli Ndapandula. "Teachers’ experiences and practices of support for school-going teenage mothers in Namibia". Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86504.
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Thesis (MEd)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The exclusion of girls who fall pregnant while attending school has long been a contentious issue in the literature as it normally ends their schooling. Namibian school-going girls who become pregnant while attending school are no longer excluded from continuing with their education, as new policies in education prevent such exclusion. This qualitative research explores teachers’ experiences of and support practices for school-going teenage mothers in Namibian secondary schools, given this policy context of inclusion. The study was framed within Bronfenbrenners’ bio-ecological system theory focusing on teachers’ interactions with teenage mothers. Eight participants were selected purposively from two secondary schools in the Oshikoto region, Namibia, provided that they were secondary-school teachers and had taught teenage mothers in the past three years. Data were collected in the form of semi-structured focus groups, follow-up individual interviews and field notes. Each focus group was represented by four teachers from the same school, two males and two females. Qualitative content analysis was used as a method of data analysis. The themes that emerged included the following: teachers’ responses to the inclusion of teenage mothers in schools, unpacking teachers’ perceptions on the policy of inclusion of teenage mothers, and support practices. The results revealed that there was a lack of resources and teachers’ felt burdened, not only in the classroom but generally in the school. Teachers, nevertheless, did have empathy for mothers as learners. They also felt both satisfied and dissatisfied, often blaming the inclusion policy for their difficulties in managing classroom dilemmas when teenage mothers were present. They displayed conditional caring and raised concerns about gender and care, as well as expressing a need for comprehensive information. The key finding was that teachers made a distinction between pregnant and parenting learners when thinking of support. The physical appearance of a pregnant learner played a role. Therefore teachers cared for a pregnant learner because they feared that something might happen to the pregnant learner while in their care in the classroom. This resulted in teachers seemingly providing “strategic caring” based on the condition of the pregnant learner. From the findings, it is recommended that pre-service and in-service training of teachers should pay attention to the practise of inclusion of teenage mothers in schools.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die uitsluiting van meisies wat tydens hul skoolloopbaan swanger word, is lank reeds in die literatuur ʼn netelige saak aangesien dit gewoonlik die einde van hul skoolloopbaan beteken. Namibiese skoolmeisies wat swanger word terwyl hulle nog skool bywoon, word nie meer verbied om hul skoolloopbaan voort te sit nie aangesien nuwe onderwysbeleide sodanige uitsluiting voorkom. Hierdie kwalitatiewe navorsing ondersoek onderwysers se ervaring van en die ondersteuningspraktyke vir skoolgaande tienermoeders in sekondêre skole in Namibië gesien uit die hoek van ʼn beleid van inklusie. Die studie val binne die raamwerk van Bronfenbrenner se bio-ekologiese sistemiese teorie en fokus op onderwysers se interaksie met tienermoeders. Agt deelnemers is deur middel van doelgerigte steekproefneming uit twee sekondêre skole in die Oshikoto-gebied in Namibië gekies met die voorbehoud dat hulle aan ʼn sekondêre skool onderwys gegee het en in die voorafgaande drie jaar tienermoeders onderrig het. Data oor onderwysers se ervarings is versamel deur middel van semi-gestruktureerde fokusgroepe, opgevolg deur individuele onderhoude en veldnotas. Elke fokusgroep is verteenwoordig deur vier onderwysers van dieselfde skool waarvan twee manlik en twee vroulik was. Kwalitatiewe inhoudsanalise is gebruik as metode om data te analiseer. Die temas wat te voorskyn gekom het, sluit in: onderwysers se reaksie ten opsigte van die insluiting van tienermoeders in skole, hul opvattings oor die beleid van inklusiwiteit van tienermoeders asook ondersteuningspraktyke. Die resultate het openbaar dat daar ʼn tekort aan hulpmiddels was, dat onderwysers gevoel het dat ʼn las op hulle geplaas is, nie net in die klaskamer nie, maar ook in die algemene skoolopset en ook dat onderwysers empatie getoon het teenoor leerders wat moeders was. Hulle het terselfdertyd tevrede en ontevrede gevoel en het dikwels die inklusiwiteitsbeleid blameer vir die probleme wat hulle ondervind het om dilemmas in die klaskamer te hanteer waar tienermoeders teenwoordig was. Hulle het voorwaardelike sorg aan die dag gelê, besorgdheid oor geslag en versorging uitgespreek en het ʼn behoefte aan omvattende inligting gehad. Die belangrikste bevinding was dat onderwyses ʼn onderskeid getref het tussen swanger leerders en leerders wat reeds ouers was wanneer ondersteuning ter sprake gekom het. Die fisieke voorkoms van ʼn swanger leerder het ʼn invloed gehad. Daarom het bevindings veronderstel dat onderwysers besorgd was oor ʼn swanger leerder wat in hul klaskamer was omdat hulle bang was dat iets met die swanger leerder kon gebeur terwyl sy in hul sorg in die klaskamer was. Dit het tot gevolg gehad dat onderwysers selfgerigte of strategiese sorg verleen het op grond van die toestand van die leerder. Na aanleiding van die bevindings word aanbeveel dat voordiens- en indiensopleiding van onderwysers aandag moet skenk aan die praktyk van inklusiwiteit van tienermoeders in skole.
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Archer, Karen. "How mothers of children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder experience educational psychology support". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/36807.
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The purpose of the study was to explore how mothers experience the support provided by
the educational psychologist for their children with ADHD. The conceptual framework utilised
for this study incorporated systems theory, collaborations and inclusive education in South
Africa. In this study, I followed an interpretivist paradigm using a phenomenological
approach. A qualitative case study design was selected, with five purposefully and
conveniently selected mothers whose children had been previously diagnosed with ADHD by
an educational psychologist. The participants took part in either a focus group or a one-onone
interview. Two main themes emerged following the thematic content analysis of the
interviews, namely: How mothers experience their children with ADHD and How mothers
experience support of their children with ADHD.
The findings of this study suggest that mothers of children with ADHD expect a deeper level
of support from an educational psychologist. The findings also indicate that mothers
experience parenting children with ADHD stressful and that they need reassurance and
emotional support from the educational psychologist. The results show the need for a more
inclusive school environment and it highlights the importance of the role of the educational
psychologist sharing knowledge and working collaboratively with educators, the Institutional
Level and District Based Support Teams and the various health care practitioners to provide
support to the child and family.Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
gm2014
Educational Psychology
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McKinney, Rebecca Anne. "The Effects of Partner Support on Maternal Control Behaviors of Latina Adolescent Mothers". Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1399292034.
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Jimenez, Kyrstin Anne. "Characteristics of Mothers among Counselor Education Faculty". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984249/.
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Pre-tenured faculty in higher education and as well as mothers have reportedly struggled with low wellness levels, high demands, little social support, and an imbalance of work and home life. Mothers in higher education and in counselor education have reported struggling with work-life balance, high scholarly productivity, and long hours as well as the emotional and physical energy demands of working with counselors-in-training. A search of the professional literature revealed a paucity of quantitative research regarding demographic characteristics, wellness levels, and social support levels of mothers among counselor education faculty (MCEs). Participants for this study were faculties of counselor education programs recruited from the Holland List of Counseling Programs and from the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Educational Programs online directory. A total of 180 MCEs participated (aged 29-63, with mean age 40.6 years; 83% Caucasian, 8% other, 5% African American, 3% Hispanic, <1% Asian). Results showed that faculty rank did not account for a significant difference among wellness scores of MCEs and that reported social support, tenure or non-tenure track, number of children in the care of MCEs, number of children under age 8, number of publications, and teaching workload accounted for 14% of the variance in wellness levels of MCEs. Specifically, reported higher teaching workload (β = -.194, rs2 = .35, p = .012) and higher social support (β = -.258, rs2 = .36, p = <.001) were found to be significant predictors of lower wellness levels among MCEs, both with small effects. Based on these results, MCEs may benefit from advocating that their departments and universities adapt to their unique needs to improve their levels of wellness and social support through mentoring, which, in turn, may result in not only their own increased productivity but also their students' increased wellness levels.
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Crenshaw, Cheryl Joseph. "Perceived social support systems of black and white pregnant adolescents". Connect to resource, 1987. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1166558112.
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