Artículos de revistas: "Strong localisation"

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Kumar, S. y P. Majumdar. "Anti-localisation to strong localisation: The interplay of magnetic scattering and structural disorder". Europhysics Letters (EPL) 65, n.º 1 (enero de 2004): 75–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1209/epl/i2003-10056-8.

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Acharya, D., S. Singha Roy, K. Khoshelham y S. Winter. "MODELLING UNCERTAINTY OF SINGLE IMAGE INDOOR LOCALISATION USING A 3D MODEL AND DEEP LEARNING". ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W5 (29 de mayo de 2019): 247–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w5-247-2019.

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Abstract. Many current indoor localisation approaches need an initial location at the beginning of localisation. The existing visual approaches to indoor localisation perform a 3D reconstruction of the indoor spaces beforehand, for determining this initial location, which is challenging for large indoor spaces. In this research, we present a visual approach for indoor localisation that is eliminating the requirement of any image-based reconstruction of indoor spaces by using a 3D model. A deep Bayesian convolutional neural network is fine-tuned with synthetic images generated from a 3D model to estimate the camera pose of real images. The uncertainty of the estimated camera poses is modelled by sampling the outputs of the Bayesian network fine-tuned with synthetic images. The results of the experiments indicate that a localisation accuracy of 2 metres can be achieved using the proposed approach.

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Kling, M. F., Ch Siedschlag, I. Znakovskaya, A. J. Verhoef, S. Zherebtsov, F. Krausz, M. Lezius y M. J. J. Vrakking. "Strong-field control of electron localisation during molecular dissociation". Molecular Physics 106, n.º 2-4 (febrero de 2008): 455–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00268970701864739.

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Saeedvand, Saeed, Seyed Naser Razavi y Hadi S. Aghdasi. "Localisation and Pre-calculation for Anti-missile Defence Shield System". Defence Science Journal 66, n.º 1 (27 de enero de 2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.8831.

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One of the most important problems in anti-missile systems is localisation ambulatory missiles’ defence sites along with fixed missiles’ defence sites in best positions to destroy enemy’s missiles. For localisation, there are lots of constraints and consumptions, which should be considered to making predictions in missiles behaviours. An optimum algorithm for localisation of the missiles’ defence sites is provided. Predictions of attackers’ missiles behaviors for assisting real-time defending operations in the defender sites is also provided. One simulator for finding the best places to locate ambulatory missiles’ defence sites presented. This simulator considers fixed and ambulatory missiles’ defence sites along with their parameters to provide best solutions by relying on modified genetic algorithm.Defence Science Journal, Vol. 66, No. 1, January 2016, pp. 37-43, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.66.8831

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Hoppenot, Philippe, Etienne Colle y Christian Barat. "Off-line localisation of a mobile robot using ultrasonic measurements". Robotica 18, n.º 3 (mayo de 2000): 315–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574799002180.

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Regarding assistance to disabled people for object manipulation and carrying, the paper focuses on the localisation for mobile robot autonomy. In order to respect strong low-cost constraints, the perception system of the mobile robot uses sensors of low metrological quality, ultrasonic ring and odometry. That poses new problems for localisation, in particular. Among different localisation techniques, we present only off-line localisation. With poor perception means, it is necessary to introduce a priori knowledge on sensors and environment models. To solve the localisation problem, the ultrasonic image is segmented applying the Hough transform, well-adapted to ultrasonic sensor characteristics. The segments are then matched with the room, modelled and assumed to be rectangular. Several positions are found. A first sort, based on a cost function, reduces the possibilities. The remaining ambiguities are removed by a neural network which plays the part of a classifier detecting the door in the environment. Improvements of the method are proposed to take into account obstacles and non-rectangular room. Experimental results show that the localisation operates even with one obstacle.

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Besstrashnov, V. M. y A. L. Strom. "Active faults crossing trunk pipeline routes: some important steps to avoid disaster". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 11, n.º 5 (17 de mayo de 2011): 1433–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-11-1433-2011.

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Abstract. Assessment of seismic strong motion hazard produced by earthquakes originating within causative fault zones allows rather low accuracy of localisation of these structures that can be provided by indirect evidence of fault activity. In contrast, the relevant accuracy of localisation and characterisation of active faults, capable of surface rupturing, can be achieved solely by the use of direct evidence of fault activity. This differentiation requires strict definition of what can be classified as "active fault" and the normalisation of methods used for identification and localisation of active faults crossing oil and natural gas trunk pipelines.

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Elgart, Alexander y Sasha Sodin. "The trimmed Anderson model at strong disorder: localisation and its breakup". Journal of Spectral Theory 7, n.º 1 (2017): 87–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.4171/jst/156.

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Elola, María T., Marcelo O. Cabada, Gustavo A. Barisone y Nilda E. Fink. "Immunohistochemical localisation of a galectin from Bufo arenarum ovary". Zygote 6, n.º 1 (febrero de 1998): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400005025.

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SummaryGalectins are a group of soluble animal lectins that exhibit specificity for β-galactosides and conserve sequence homology in the carbohydrate-recognition domain. The galectin from Bufo arenarum ovary showed a strong cross-reaction with the lectin of 14.5 kDa purified from embryos at early blastula stage. In this paper, we studied the immunohistochemical localisation of the galectin of 14.5 kDa from ovary of the toad B. arenarum in adult ovary sections. We also analysed the immunohistochemical localisation of the embryonic lectin during early development using the antiserum anti-ovary galectin. In the ovary, oocytes in the previtellogenic stage showed strong reactivity in the nucleus and the cortex but not in the cytoplasm. Oocytes in the stage of primary vitellogenesis exhibited a similar pattern in the nuclear and cortical areas but showed immunostaining in the cytoplasm. Intense nuclear staining was detected in oocytes in the stage of late vitellogenesis and in mature oocytes, which also presented strong reactions in the yolk platelets that completely covered the cytoplasm. In blastula embryos the staining was found in the blastomeres, the yolk platelets and the blastocoele. Each lectin localisation is discussed in relation to potential biological roles in the corresponding tissues.

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Botti, Valentina, Lorena Urbanelli, Krizia Sagini, Luigi Tarpani, Alessio Cesaretti, Cosimo G. Fortuna y Fausto Elisei. "Quaternized styryl-azinium fluorophores as cellular RNA-binders". Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences 19, n.º 3 (2020): 362–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9pp00465c.

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10

Kumar, S. y P. Majumdar. "Transport and localisation in the presence of strong structural and spin disorder". European Physical Journal B 46, n.º 2 (julio de 2005): 237–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjb/e2005-00249-5.

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Szeltner, Zoltán, Markus Morawski, Tünde Juhász, Ilona Szamosi, Károly Liliom, Veronika Csizmók, Ferenc Tölgyesi y László Polgár. "GAP43 shows partial co-localisation but no strong physical interaction with prolyl oligopeptidase". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Proteins and Proteomics 1804, n.º 12 (diciembre de 2010): 2162–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bbapap.2010.09.010.

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12

Zhang, Wenhao, Melvyn Lionel Smith, Lyndon Neal Smith y Abdul Rehman Farooq. "Eye centre localisation: an unsupervised modular approach". Sensor Review 36, n.º 3 (20 de junio de 2016): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sr-06-2015-0098.

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Purpose This paper aims to introduce an unsupervised modular approach for eye centre localisation in images and videos following a coarse-to-fine, global-to-regional scheme. The design of the algorithm aims at excellent accuracy, robustness and real-time performance for use in real-world applications. Design/methodology/approach A modular approach has been designed that makes use of isophote and gradient features to estimate eye centre locations. This approach embraces two main modalities that progressively reduce global facial features to local levels for more precise inspections. A novel selective oriented gradient (SOG) filter has been specifically designed to remove strong gradients from eyebrows, eye corners and self-shadows, which sabotage most eye centre localisation methods. The proposed algorithm, tested on the BioID database, has shown superior accuracy. Findings The eye centre localisation algorithm has been compared with 11 other methods on the BioID database and six other methods on the GI4E database. The proposed algorithm has outperformed all the other algorithms in comparison in terms of localisation accuracy while exhibiting excellent real-time performance. This method is also inherently robust against head poses, partial eye occlusions and shadows. Originality/value The eye centre localisation method uses two mutually complementary modalities as a novel, fast, accurate and robust approach. In addition, other than assisting eye centre localisation, the SOG filter is able to resolve general tasks regarding the detection of curved shapes. From an applied point of view, the proposed method has great potentials in benefiting a wide range of real-world human-computer interaction (HCI) applications.

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Le Pourhiet, L., B. Huet, L. Labrousse, K. Yao, P. Agard y L. Jolivet. "Strain localisation in mechanically layered rocks beneath detachment zones: insights from numerical modelling". Solid Earth 4, n.º 1 (17 de abril de 2013): 135–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/se-4-135-2013.

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Abstract. We have designed a series of fully dynamic numerical simulations aimed at assessing how the orientation of mechanical layering in rocks controls the orientation of shear bands and the depth of penetration of strain in the footwall of detachment zones. Two parametric studies are presented. In the first one, the influence of stratification orientation on the occurrence and mode of strain localisation is tested by varying initial dip of inherited layering in the footwall with regard to the orientation of simple shear applied at the rigid boundary simulating a rigid hanging wall, all scaling and rheological parameter kept constant. It appears that when Mohr–Coulomb plasticity is being used, shear bands are found to localise only when the layering is being stretched. This corresponds to early deformational stages for inital layering dipping in the same direction as the shear is applied, and to later stages for intial layering dipping towards the opposite direction of shear. In all the cases, localisation of the strain after only γ=1 requires plastic yielding to be activated in the strong layer. The second parametric study shows that results are length-scale independent and that orientation of shear bands is not sensitive to the viscosity contrast or the strain rate. However, decreasing or increasing strain rate is shown to reduce the capacity of the shear zone to localise strain. In the later case, the strain pattern resembles a mylonitic band but the rheology is shown to be effectively linear. Based on the results, a conceptual model for strain localisation under detachment faults is presented. In the early stages, strain localisation occurs at slow rates by viscous shear instabilities but as the layered media is exhumed, the temperature drops and the strong layers start yielding plastically, forming shear bands and localising strain at the top of the shear zone. Once strain localisation has occured, the deformation in the shear band becomes extremely penetrative but the strength cannot drop since the shear zone has a finite thickness.

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14

Morrell, Elizabeth. "Strengthening the Local in National Reform: A Cultural Approach to Political Change". Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 32, n.º 3 (octubre de 2001): 437–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022463401000248.

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New Indonesian decentralisation policies have generated strong localisation movements which recall regional history. During the Soeharto years history was invoked as part of an homogenising nationalism. With recent changes in the city of Makassar that process is being reversed to strengthen local participation in redefined national structures.

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15

Carra, P. "Anderson localisation in a strong magnetic field: self-consistent theory in high Landau levels". Journal of Physics C: Solid State Physics 20, n.º 30 (30 de octubre de 1987): L823—L828. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0022-3719/20/30/005.

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Otterlei, M., T. Haug, T. A. Nagelhus, G. Slupphaug, T. Lindmo y H. E. Krokan. "Nuclear and mitochondrial splice forms of human uracil-DNA glycosylase contain a complex nuclear localisation signal and a strong classical mitochondrial localisation signal, respectively". Nucleic Acids Research 26, n.º 20 (1 de octubre de 1998): 4611–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nar/26.20.4611.

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Reddy, T., G. M. Gibbs, D. J. Merriner, J. B. Kerr y M. K. O.'Bryan. "425. Expression of mammalian cysteine-rich secretory proteins in the mouse model". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 20, n.º 9 (2008): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/srb08abs425.

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Mammalian cysteine rich secretory proteins are a family of four proteins exhibiting a high amino acid sequence similarity and belonging to the CAP (Cysteine rich secretory proteins, Antigen-5 proteins and the plant Pathogenesis related-1 proteins) superfamily of proteins. They are designated CRISP 1, 2, 3 and 4. Structurally, mammalian CRISP’s are characterised by 16 cysteine residues involved in intra-molecular di-sulfide bonds and the formation of 2 domains, ie., the CRISP domain (CD) and CAP domain. Whilst studies on mouse CRISP2 suggest that the CD is involved in ion channel regulation, studies on non-mammalian CAP superfamily members suggest that the CAP domain is involved in proteolytic activity.They are predominantly expressed and localised in the male reproductive tract, however, the EST expression databases suggest that mammalian CRISPs are expressed more widely than in the male reproductive tract. The objective of this study was therefore to conclusively define the expression and localisation of each CRISP protein in a mammalian system.A reverse transcription PCR expression profile and immunohistochemical analysis of 16 mouse tissue was conducted to establish the expression and localisation of each of the four CRISPs. These data showed that although the CRISPs have a strong expression and localisation bias to the male reproductive tract, they are widely distributed throughout the body in mice, including the ovary, uterus, and mammary gland. Whilst each CRISP has a clear expression profile, there was a striking localisation of androgen regulated CRISPs (1, 3, 4) in immune tissue including the spleen and thymus. Such a localisation raises the spectre of a role for CRISPs in the normal physiology and disease of several organs.

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Pat, Betty, David W. Johnson y Glenda C. Gobe. "Role of JAK3 in the Pathogenesis of Oxidative Stress-Induced Kidney Fibrosis". Journal of Renal and Hepatic Disorders 2, n.º 1 (14 de mayo de 2018): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15586/jrenhep.2018.30.

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The Janus kinase (JAK) tyrosine kinase family and JAK/STAT signal transduction pathway may act in kidney fibrogenesis. JAK3 expression was investigated in in vitro and in vivo models of kidney fibrosis involving oxidative stress. There was a marked down-regulation of JAK3 mRNA in rat kidney tubular epithelial cells (NRK52E) and fibroblasts (NRK49F) exposed to 1.0 mM H2O2 for 18–20 h compared with controls, which correlated with increased apoptosis and decreased mitosis in both cell lines. However, JAK3 protein levels were not significantly different in control and H2O2-treated epithelial and fibroblast cultures. JAK3 activation (phospho-tyrosine) increased in NRK52E cells and decreased in NRK49F cells with oxidative stress. STAT3 phosphorylation decreased in both cell lines with oxidative stress compared with controls. JAK3 protein expression and localisation were investigated in kidneys using the unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) model (0–7 days, rats) of kidney fibrosis that involves oxidative stress. JAK3 protein expression did not differ between UUO and controls; however, JAK3 localisation increased temporally with UUO, with strong epithelial expression in mitotic cells compared with controls. Apoptotic tubular epithelium showed minimal JAK3. In summary, in vitro, decreased kidney JAK3 mRNA after oxidative stress was not seen translationally. Differences in the activation of the JAK3/STAT3 pathway may have different consequences for renal fibrosis. In vivo, changes in JAK3 protein localisation, and especially its co-localisation with mitotic cells, indicate that JAK3 protein may contribute to renal tubular epithelial cell proliferation after oxidative stress.

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Moutinho, João, Diamantino Freitas y Rui Esteves Araújo. "Indoor Global Localisation in Anchor-based Systems using Audio Signals". Journal of Navigation 69, n.º 5 (16 de febrero de 2016): 1024–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463315001095.

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This paper presents a method that allows mobile devices to be globally self-localised in indoor localisation systems by transmitting to them data from position reference anchors. The objective is to establish a reliable one-way down-link communication through signals used in the localisation process in a typically strong fading and multipath channel environment. This is accomplished by using signal processing techniques, including coding and forward error correction, to transmit data using a specific transmission control protocol. Experimental results, using audio as the signal between anchors and the mobile device, demonstrate successful data transmission in realistic scenarios like a common noisy and reverberant room. Spread spectrum noise-like masked signals 4·9 dB below background noise were sufficient to attain correct data reception at four metres distance between a loudspeaker anchor and a mobile device's microphone.

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Ramasamy, Karthik, Stephen Schey, Ghulam J. Mufti, Farzin Farzaneh y Yolanda Calle. "Hepatocyte Growth Factor Expression in Bone Marrow Microenvironment Is Critical for Progression of MGUS to Myeloma." Blood 110, n.º 11 (16 de noviembre de 2007): 4766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v110.11.4766.4766.

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Abstract Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) augments proliferation, survival and increases migration of plasma cells in vitro and in addition it induces haemangiogeneis and lymphangiogenesis. C-met (HGF receptor) is expressed on plasma cells and HGF is constitutively elevated in serum of patients with myeloma (MM) and MGUS patients. We investigated the distribution of HGF in bone marrow biopsies to better understand its role in progression of monoclonal gammopathy. Materials and methods: Bone marrow trephines were analysed by immunohistochemistry of paraffin embedded bone marrow (BM) trephine specimens. Trephines were dewaxed without antigen retrieval. Plasma cell enumeration was done using CD38 staining (Novocastra, UK). HGF (Goat antihuman IgG, R&D systems) staining was performed using Vectastain® ABC kit with DAB reactivity. Slides were analysed using an Optical microscope (Zeiss Standard 20, Germany). Results: Archived BM specimens of MM (n= 7), MGUS (n= 5) and normal controls (n=6) were stained in duplicate. Trephines were graded from Grade 1–3 (weak, moderate, strong) based on the intensity of staining. The localisation of staining to paratrabecular, perivascular and intertrabecular areas was analysed. Interstitial and cytoplasmic staining patterns were analysed. HGF staining localised to paratrabecular regions was observed in all normal individuals with staining intensity of Grade 1–2 in 3/6(50%) and Grade 3 in 3/6(50%). In 4/5(80%) patients with MGUS a distinct intertrabecular pattern of staining was observed in discrete regions, where plasma cells were localised. Intensity of staining was Grade 2 in 3/5(60%) and Grade 3 in 2/5(40%) MGUS patients. Plasma cell percentages were between 5–20% in MGUS patients. In MM patients we found a correlation between the plasma cell counts and the degree of HGF staining. In 2/7 (28.5%) patients plasma cell percentages ranged between 5% and 15% and Grade 1–2 discrete paratrabecular staining was observed with none or low perivascular staining. In 5/7 (71.5%) MM patients plasma cell percentages were >20% and Grade 3 confluent staining with interstitial and cytoplasmic location of HGF was observed. In addition, patients with Grade 3 staining presented a strong perivascular localisation of HGF. Conclusion: HGF distribution in bone marrow microenvironment of MGUS and MM patients is non random. We observed that MGUS patients have a discrete intertrabecular pattern and MM patients have a confluent interstitial pattern of staining with strong perivascular localisation. Other groups have shown that high HGF levels increase angiogenesis. We hypothesise that HGF localisation and pattern of distribution in BM microenvironment leads to neo angiogenesis and progression from MGUS to MM. Ongoing studies are evaluating this hypothesis.

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Owen, Michael, David Craufurd y David St Clair. "Localisation of a Susceptibility Locus for Schizophrenia on Chromosome 5". British Journal of Psychiatry 157, n.º 1 (julio de 1990): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.157.1.123.

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“A considerable proportion of the variance in the liability to develop schizophrenia may be genetic, but segregation analysis, to establish a mode of transmission, has not produced a consistent result. One of these studies was carried out in Iceland and made use of the large family size and extensive genealogical information present in that country. Here we demonstrate genetic linkage of two DNA polymorphisms on the long arm of human chromosome 5 to schizophrenia in seven British and Icelandic families with multiple affected members. The results indicate the existence of a gene locus with a dominant schizophrenia-susceptibility allele. Inheritance of the allele in the families studied suggests that it may also predispose to psychiatric conditions such as schizophrenia spectrum disorders and a variety of other disorders. This report provides the first strong evidence for the involvement of a single gene in the causation of schizophrenia.”

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Schams, Dieter, Vera Steinberg, Martin Steffl, Heinrich H. D. Meyer y Bajram Berisha. "Expression and possible role of fibroblast growth factor family members in porcine antral follicles during final maturation". REPRODUCTION 138, n.º 1 (julio de 2009): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-09-0033.

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The aim of this study was to investigate the possible participation of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family members (FGF1, FGF2 and FGF7 and their receptors) in porcine follicles (polyovulatory species) under special consideration for FGF2 during final growth. A classification of follicles was done by size and follicular fluid content of oestradiol-17β, progesterone and prostaglandin F2α. The mRNA expression of examined factors was analysed by real-time PCR. The hormone concentration was estimated by enzyme immunoassay, protein characterisation by western blotting and localisation by immunohistochemistry. Follicle tissue separated in theca interna and granulosa cells was extracted and tested for mRNA of FGF1, FGF2, FGF7 and receptors (FGFR1IIIc, FGFRIIIb and FGFR2IIIc). Additionally, the mRNA expression of FSHR, LHR and aromatase cytochrome P450 for further characterisation of follicles was analysed. Significantly, higher FGF2 protein levels were measured in stroma when compared with total follicle or corpus luteum tissue. This result was confirmed by western blot with two strong bands. Immunological localisation of FGF2 only in stroma (fibroblasts) confirms the protein measurements. The results show a clear difference for FGF2 protein expression during final growth of follicles if monovulatory (bovine) and polyovulatory (porcine) species are compared. FGF2 protein in porcine ovary may be (due to localisation and concentration in stroma) important for support of angiogenesis of more follicles (polyovulatory species) and not of a single follicle like in cows.

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Craddock, Nick y Mike Owen. "Chromosomal Aberrations and Bipolar Affective Disorder". British Journal of Psychiatry 164, n.º 4 (abril de 1994): 507–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.164.4.507.

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Chromosomal abnormalities associated with bipolar disorder may help in the localisation of susceptibility genes for bipolar illness by pinpointing ‘candidate’ regions of the genome for further study using molecular genetic methods. We review descriptions of chromosomal abnormalities in association with bipolar and related affective disorders and evaluate their relevance for localising susceptibility genes for bipolar disorder, using standardised criteria. We found 28 reports. We identified four genomic regions of potential interest: 11q21-25; 15q11-13; chromosome 21; Xq28. It is important that clinicians are able to recognise patients who may have chromosome abnormalities which could help in the localisation of susceptibility genes for psychiatric disorders. We suggest referral for specialist investigation and karyotyping, to a psychiatric genetics research group, of any patient with functional psychosis and one or more of the following: (a) a strong family history of functional psychosis; (b) mental retardation; (c) another disease known to be caused by a single gene; or (d) congenital abnormalities.

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Gartrell, A., W. Bailey y M. Brincat. "STRAIN LOCALISATION AND TRAP GEOMETRY AS KEY CONTROLS ON HYDROCARBON PRESERVATION IN THE LAMINARIA HIGH AREA". APPEA Journal 45, n.º 1 (2005): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj04037.

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A strong relationship between the distribution of Late Miocene to recent (post-rift) strain, trap geometry and remaining oil columns is recognised in the heavily re-activated Laminaria High area. Preferential localisation of post-rift strain onto larger faults in the population resulted in the smaller faults accommodating progressively less strain with time. The strain localisation process appears to have protected some fault-bound traps with favourable geometries from breaching during fault re-activation, but promoted breaching of others. Where faults with high postrift strain are located at the crest of a trap, oil columns are not preserved. In contrast, where high strain post-rift faults are located down-dip of the trap crest, oil columns are preserved down to the depth of the critical high strain fault-top reservoir intersection. These observations suggest that a relatively simple assessment of the basic structural geometry of a trap may provide a first order approximation of trap integrity risks and could also be predictive of preserved hydrocarbon column heights.

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Bohrmann, Johannes y Ulf-Rüdiger Heinrich. "Localisation of potassium pumps in Drosophila ovarian follicles". Zygote 2, n.º 3 (agosto de 1994): 189–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199400001982.

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SummaryIt has been shown previously that, in Drosophila oogenesis, potassium ions are important for bioelectric phenomena as well as for other physiological and development processes. In the present study we determined the spatial distribution and activity of the (Na+, K+)-pump and of ouabain-insensitive K+ pumps in plasma membranes of vitellogenic ovarian follicles (stage 10). We used that light micorscopic anthroylouabain method as well as the cytochemical lead and cerium precipitation methods in combination with electron spectroscopic imaging (ESI) and elelctronm energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS). (Na+, K+)-ATPase activity was predominantly observed on the oolemma as well as on the membranes of the columnar follicle cells covering the oocyte, whereas on the membranes of the nurse cells and of the squamous follicle cells covering the nurse cells the activity was vary low. The highset activity of the (Na+ K+)-pump was found at the anterior and posterior ends of the oocute, and this on the oolemma as well as on the membranes of the follicle cells located here. Strong activity of ouabain-insensitive K+-pumps was observed on most of the oolemma (except at the anterior of the oocyte) and on the membranes of some nurse cells located next to the oocyte, whereas less activity was found on the other nurse cell membranes and on the membranes of all follicle cells. The suitability of the differnet methods nurse cell membranes and on the membrances of all follicle cells. The suitability of th different methods used for determining the localisation as well as the activity of K+-pumps is discussed. We further discuss the nature of the ouabain-insensitive K+ pumps and the relevance of the observed distribution of K+-pumps for K+ uptake, extrafollicular ionic current flow intercelluar signalling and other developmental processes in Drosophila oogenesis.

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Le Pourhiet, L., B. Huet, P. Agard, L. Labrousse, L. Jolivet y K. Yao. "Strain localisation in mechanically Layered Rocks, insights from numerical modelling". Solid Earth Discussions 4, n.º 2 (5 de septiembre de 2012): 1165–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/sed-4-1165-2012.

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Abstract. Small scale deformation in stratified rocks displays a large diversity of micro-structures, from the microscopic scale to the scale of orogens. We have designed a series of fully dynamic numerical simulations aimed at assessing which parameters control this structural diversity and which underlying mechanisms lead to strain localisation. The influence of stratification orientation on the occurrence and mode of strain localisation is tested by varying the initial dip of inherited layering versus the large scale imposed simple shear. The detailed study of the models indicates that (1) the results are length-scale independent, (2) the new shear zones are always compatible with the kinematics imposed at the boundary (3) micro-structures formed encompass the full diversity of micro-structures observed in the field and chiefly depend on the direction of the initial anisotropy versus shear direction, (4) depending on the orientation of the anisotropy, the layers may deform along subtractive or additive shear bands, (5) the deformation in anisotropic media results in non-lithostatic pressure values that are on the order of the deviatoric stress in the strong layers and (6) the introduction of brittle rheology is necessary to form localised shear bands in the ductile regime.

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Yang, Sundy, Sarah Atkinson, Johanna Fraser, Chunxiao Wang, Belinda Maher, Noelia Roman, Jade Forwood, Kylie Wagstaff, Natalie Borg y David Jans. "Novel Flavivirus Antiviral That Targets the Host Nuclear Transport Importin α/β1 Heterodimer". Cells 8, n.º 3 (24 de marzo de 2019): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells8030281.

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Dengue virus (DENV) threatens almost 70% of the world’s population, with no effective vaccine or therapeutic currently available. A key contributor to infection is nuclear localisation in the infected cell of DENV nonstructural protein 5 (NS5) through the action of the host importin (IMP) α/β1 proteins. Here, we used a range of microscopic, virological and biochemical/biophysical approaches to show for the first time that the small molecule GW5074 has anti-DENV action through its novel ability to inhibit NS5–IMPα/β1 interaction in vitro as well as NS5 nuclear localisation in infected cells. Strikingly, GW5074 not only inhibits IMPα binding to IMPβ1, but can dissociate preformed IMPα/β1 heterodimer, through targeting the IMPα armadillo (ARM) repeat domain to impact IMPα thermal stability and α-helicity, as shown using analytical ultracentrifugation, thermostability analysis and circular dichroism measurements. Importantly, GW5074 has strong antiviral activity at low µM concentrations against not only DENV-2, but also zika virus and West Nile virus. This work highlights DENV NS5 nuclear targeting as a viable target for anti-flaviviral therapeutics.

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Rinaldi, Enrico, Jacopo Canton y Philipp Schlatter. "The vanishing of strong turbulent fronts in bent pipes". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 866 (13 de marzo de 2019): 487–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2019.120.

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Isolated patches of turbulence in transitional straight pipes are sustained by a strong instability at their upstream front, where the production of turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) is up to five times higher than in the core. Direct numerical simulations presented in this paper show no evidence of such strong fronts if the pipe is bent. We examine the temporal and spatial evolution of puffs and slugs in a toroidal pipe with pipe-to-torus diameter ratio$\unicode[STIX]{x1D6FF}=D/d=0.01$at several subcritical Reynolds numbers. Results show that the upstream overshoot of TKE production is at most one-and-a-half times the value in the core and that the average cross-flow fluctuations at the front are up to three times lower if compared to a straight pipe, while attaining similar values in the core. Localised turbulence can be sustained at smaller energies through a redistribution of turbulent fluctuations and vortical structures by the in-plane Dean motion of the mean flow. This asymmetry determines a strong localisation of TKE production near the outer bend, where linear and nonlinear mechanisms optimally amplify perturbations. We further observe a substantial reduction of the range of Reynolds numbers for long-lived intermittent turbulence, in agreement with experimental data from the literature. Moreover, no occurrence of nucleation of spots through splitting could be detected in the range of parameters considered. Based on the present results, we argue that this mechanism gradually becomes marginal as the curvature of the pipe increases and the transition scenario approaches a dynamical switch from subcritical to supercritical.

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Alaali, A. y J. Vines. "HOW GLOBAL BRANDS MANAGE THE LOCALISATION OF SPATIAL EXPERIENCES – THE CASES OF STARBUCKS AND IKEA". Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference 1 (mayo de 2020): 1597–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dsd.2020.34.

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AbstractThis study explores how two global brands (Starbucks and IKEA) design spatial experiences that are localised for diverse cultural contexts. Through a series of interviews with store designers, design and marketing managers, and brand experts from both companies, we identify two different ways a brand and design team can be organized and how each influences the process of the localisation of spatial experiences. Our findings highlight issues related to a team's structure, the use of different design processes and how these influence the building of strong, locally relevant spatial experiences.

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Cork, David G. y Nobuyoshi Hayashi. "Evidence for charge localisation by strong hydrogen bonding in fluoride–phenol complexes and its effects on reactivity/selectivity". J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., n.º 6 (1993): 527–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c39930000527.

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31

Hamad, Ibrahim Ismael y Mohammad S. Hasan. "A Review: On using ACO Based Hybrid Algorithms for Path Planning of Multi-Mobile Robotics". International Journal of Interactive Mobile Technologies (iJIM) 14, n.º 18 (10 de noviembre de 2020): 145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijim.v14i18.16371.

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Abstract-The path planning for Multi Mobile Robotic (MMR) system is a recent combinatorial optimisation problem. In the last decade, many researches have been published to solve this problem. Most of these researches focused on metaheuristic algorithms. This paper reviews articles on Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO) and its hybrid versions to solve the problem. The original Dorigo’s ACO algorithm uses exploration and exploitation phases to find the shortest route in a combinatorial optimisation problem in general without touching mapping, localisation and perception. Due to the properties of MMR, adaptations have been made to ACO algorithms. In this review paper, a literature survey of the recent studies on upgrading, modifications and applications of the ACO algorithms has been discussed to evaluate the application of the different versions of ACO in the MMR domain. The evaluation considered the quality, speed of convergence, robustness, scalability, flexibility of MMR and obstacle avoidance, static and dynamic environment characteristics of the tasks.

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Pinna, C. y Yong Jun Lan. "Local Strain Measurement in Hot Deformed Microstructures". Applied Mechanics and Materials 7-8 (agosto de 2007): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.7-8.167.

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The deformation of metals at high homologous temperatures typical of industrial forming processes such as hot rolling is investigated using an electron micro-lithography technique enabling strain measurements at the scale of the microstructure of these metals. Grids with a typical 5 μm pitch have been laid on the surface of an aluminium alloy and a stainless steel deformed by plane strain compression at 400oC and 850oC respectively. In-plane strain values can be computed from the displacements of the intersections of the grids. Strain maps can then be plotted over representative areas of the microstructures together with strain distributions within each phase of the microstructure. Results obtained for a commercial high-purity aluminium alloy with 5% magnesium show a strong localisation of deformation at triple points with a local equivalent strain value of 1.7 for a 0.22 applied strain at 400oC. As for the two-phase stainless steel deformed to a strain of 0.3, results show a high heterogeneity of deformation within each phase with a localisation of deformation into bands in the ferrite phase and local values reaching more than two times the applied compression.

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See, Tian Feng. "Few-photon transport in strongly interacting light-matter systems: A scattering approach". International Journal of Quantum Information 17, n.º 06 (septiembre de 2019): 1950050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219749919500503.

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Engineering strong photon–photon interactions at the quantum level have been crucial in various areas of research, notably in quantum information processing and quantum simulation. It is often done by coupling matter strongly to light. A promising way to achieve this is via waveguide quantum electrodynamics (QED). Motivated by these advancements, we study few-photon transport in waveguide QED setups. First, we present a diagrammatic technique to systematically study multiphoton scattering based on the scattering formalism and Green’s function approach. We demonstrate our proposal through physically relevant examples involving scattering of few-photon states from two-level emitters as well as from arrays of correlated Kerr nonlinear resonators described by the Bose–Hubbard model. In the second part, we apply the diagrammatic technique that was developed to perform a comprehensive study on a Bose–Hubbard lattice with a quasi-periodic potential. This model exhibits many-body localisation. We compute the two-photon transmission probability and show that it carries signatures of the underlying localisation transition with close agreement to the participation ratio of the eigenstates. The systematic scattering approach provided in this paper provides a foundation for future works at the interface between quantum optics and condensed matter.

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NEILSON, D. y J. S. THAKUR. "EFFECTS OF CORRELATIONS AND DISORDER IN QUANTUM WIRES". International Journal of Modern Physics B 13, n.º 05n06 (10 de marzo de 1999): 489–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979299000382.

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We calculate electron-electron correlation effects in a one-dimensional electron liquid at low densities using the self-consistent scheme of Singwi, Tosi, Land and Sjölander (STLS). We determine the static structure factor S(q) and plasmon dispersion ω pl (q) for different electron densities. We also include the effects of disorder and calculate the dependence of correlation effects on the electron scattering rate off disorder. Using the scattering rate γ we determine transport properties like the mean-free path, the peak mobility and the boundary between weak and strong localisation phases. We note a relation between the peak mobility and this boundary.

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Mekonnen, Yibeltal, Charlotte Hanlon, Solomon Emyu, Ruth Vania Cornick, Lara Fairall, Daniel Gebremichael, Telahun Teka et al. "Using a mentorship model to localise the Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK): from South Africa to Ethiopia". BMJ Global Health 3, Suppl 5 (noviembre de 2018): e001108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001108.

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The Federal Ministry of Health, Ethiopia, recognised the potential of the Practical Approach to Care Kit (PACK) programme to promote integrated, comprehensive and evidence-informed primary care as a means to achieving universal health coverage. Localisation of the PACK guide to become the ‘Ethiopian Primary Health Care Clinical Guidelines’ (PHCG) was spearheaded by a core team of Ethiopian policy and technical experts, mentored by the Knowledge Translation Unit, University of Cape Town. A research collaboration, ASSET (heAlth Systems StrEngThening in sub-Saharan Africa), has brought together policy-makers from the Ministry of Health and health systems researchers from Ethiopia (Addis Ababa University) and overseas partners for the PACK localisation process, and will develop, implement and evaluate health systems strengthening interventions needed for a successful scale-up of the Ethiopian PHCG. Localisation of PACK for Ethiopia included expanding the guide to include a wider range of infectious diseases and an expanded age range (from 5 to 15 years). Early feedback from front-line primary healthcare (PHC) workers is positive: the guide gives them greater confidence and is easy to understand and use. A training cascade has been initiated, with a view to implementing in 400 PHC facilities in phase 1, followed by scale-up to all 3724 health centres in Ethiopia during 2019. Monitoring and evaluation of the Ministry of Health implementation at scale will be complemented by indepth evaluation by ASSET in demonstration districts. Anticipated challenges include availability of essential medications and laboratory investigations and the need for additional training and supervisory support to deliver care for non-communicable diseases and mental health. The strong leadership from the Ministry of Health of Ethiopia combined with a productive collaboration with health systems research partners can help to ensure that Ethiopian PHCG achieves standardisation of clinical practice at the primary care level and quality healthcare for all.

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Altuntas, C. "GEOREFERENCING AND REPROJECTION ERROR INVESTIGATION ON IMAGE BASED 3D DIGITIZATION AND MAPPING OF HISTORICAL BUILDINGS". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (4 de mayo de 2019): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-71-2019.

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Abstract. Image based dense point cloud creation is easy and low-cost application for three dimensional digitization of small and large scale objects and surfaces. It is especially attractive method for cultural heritage documentation. Reprojection error on conjugate keypoints indicates accuracy of the model and keypoint localisation in this method. In addition, sequential registration of the images from large scale historical buildings creates big cumulative registration error. Thus, accuracy of the model should be increased with the control points or loop close imaging. The registration of point point cloud model into the georeference system is performed using control points. In this study historical Sultan Selim Mosque that was built in sixteen century by Great Architect Sinan was modelled via photogrammetric dense point cloud. The reprojection error and number of keypoints were evaluated for different base/length ratio. In addition, georeferencing accuracy was evaluated with many configuration of control points with loop and without loop closure imaging.

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Gajbhiye, Raj Narendra, Gayatri Amit Deshpande, Bhupesh Tirpude, Hemant Bhanarkar, Vikrant Akulwar y Girish Kodape. "Remote access endoscopic parathyroidectomy: a study of 17 cases from Central India". International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery 7, n.º 4 (24 de marzo de 2021): 657. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20211189.

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Background: It has been debated that "remote access endoscopic parathyroidectomy" requires extensive dissection, thereby, increasing the risk of complications. Hence, the aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and safety of remote access endoscopic parathyroidectomy via the unilateral axilla-breast approach (ABA) and transoral vestibular approach (TOEPVA). Method: The study includes 17 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism undergoing endoscopic parathyroidectomy from January 2016 to December 2020. Of these, 11 patients underwent parathyroidectomy via unilateral ABA and 6 had TOEPVA. Preoperatively, ultrasonography of neck, sestamibi scan and CT scan neck were done to localise the diseased gland. Post operatively, Serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were monitored.Results: The mean age of patients was 35.6±10.5 years. Except one, all the patients were females. The mean operative time of the unilateral ABA and TOEPVA group was 93.67±28.64 minutes and 138.6±31 minutes respectively. Except for three patients, in all the patients, the parathormone levels normalised. One patient had hungry bone syndrome postoperatively. The mean hospital stay of the unilateral ABA and TOEPVA group was 3±1.5 days and 4±3.09 days respectively. One patient had post-operative transient recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis. Seroma and surgical emphysema were seen in two patients each. Conclusions: Remote Access Endoscopic parathyroidectomy may be considered safe in treatment of parathyroid tumours. Precise preoperative localisation is mandatory. In addition to a magnified view and a better illumination, the potential advantages of endoscopic techniques are better cosmetic results, decreased hospital stay and better patient comfort.

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Parrott, Justine N. y Nicholas J. Gay. "Expression and subcellular distribution of rel/NFκB transcription factors in the preimplantation mouse embryo: novel κB binding activities in the blastocyst stage embryo". Zygote 6, n.º 3 (agosto de 1998): 249–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0967199498000197.

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We describe the expression patterns and subcellular localisation of murine rel/NFκB transcription factors and their inhibitors during preimplantation development in the mouse. We find that the known rel and IκB proteins are ubiquitously expressed during early murine embryogenesis. The differential persistence of individual rel and IκB transcripts in the first cleavage stage embryo and analysis of the 3'UTR suggests that rel and IκB protein expression may be regulated at the level of mRNA stability and translation. At the stages of early mouse embryogenesis examined, there was no evidence for strong induction of rel dimer translocation into the nucleus. However, novel κB-binding proteins are found in the mouse blastocyst and may provide an alternative mechanism for regulation of gene expression via the κB motif in the early mouse embryo.

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Boucher, Michel. "La théorie de Heckscher-Ohlin et la localisation des industries manufacturières canadiennes : présentation de quelques résultats empiriques". Articles 56, n.º 1 (21 de enero de 2009): 80–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/600890ar.

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Abstract This paper applies the Heckscher-Ohlin hypothesis to the location of regional manufacturing industries in Canada. The empirical results demonstrate with strong evidence the first hypothesis that Quebec and Ontario enjoy different locational characteristics because of their relative factor endowments. More precisely, firms operating in Quebec adopt labor-intensive production process relatively to those located in Ontario which choose a capital-intensive production technique. The statistical results of the second hypothesis confirm sufficiently that both provinces increased their specialization in industries when they have a relative increasing comparative advantage respectively labor-intensive industries for Quebec and capital-intensive industries for Ontario. Finally, those hypotheses are confirmed not only for the twenty two-digit manufacturing industries of the Standard Industrial Classification (SIC), but also for thirty-one three-digit manufacturing industries.

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Bird, A. Daniel, Spencer Greatorex, David Reser, Gareth G. Lavery y Timothy J. Cole. "Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase HSD1L is localised to the pituitary–gonadal axis of primates". Endocrine Connections 6, n.º 7 (octubre de 2017): 489–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/ec-17-0119.

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Steroid hormones play clinically important and specific regulatory roles in the development, growth, metabolism, reproduction and brain function in human. The type 1 and 2 11-beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes (11β-HSD1 and 2) have key roles in the pre-receptor modification of glucocorticoids allowing aldosterone regulation of blood pressure, control of systemic fluid and electrolyte homeostasis and modulation of integrated metabolism and brain function. Although the activity and function of 11β-HSDs is thought to be understood, there exists an open reading frame for a distinct 11βHSD-like gene; HSD11B1L, which is present in human, non-human primate, sheep, pig and many other higher organisms, whereas an orthologue is absent in the genomes of mouse, rat and rabbit. We have now characterised this novel HSD11B1L gene as encoded by 9 exons and analysis of EST library transcripts indicated the use of two alternate ATG start sites in exons 2 and 3, and alternate splicing in exon 9. Relatively strong HSD11B1L gene expression was detected in human, non-human primate and sheep tissue samples from the brain, ovary and testis. Analysis in non-human primates and sheep by immunohistochemistry localised HSD11B1L protein to the cytoplasm of ovarian granulosa cells, testis Leydig cells, and gonadatroph cells in the anterior pituitary. Intracellular localisation analysis in transfected human HEK293 cells showed HSD1L protein within the endoplasmic reticulum and sequence analysis suggests that similar to 11βHSD1 it is membrane bound. The endogenous substrate of this third HSD enzyme remains elusive with localisation and expression data suggesting a reproductive hormone as a likely substrate.

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De Rosa, Marcello, Luca Bartoli, Sandra Leonardi y Maria Angela Perito. "The Contribution of Immigrants to Multifunctional Agricultural Systems in Italy". Sustainability 11, n.º 17 (26 de agosto de 2019): 4641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11174641.

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This paper explores the role of immigrants within farms and is framed within constructivist approaches to the analysis of immigrants in rural areas. The aim of the paper is to analyse migrants’ contributions to building up multifunctional agricultural systems. To achieve this purpose, a sound empirical analysis is carried out, built on the profile of farms employing immigrants, with special reference to three indicators: the style of farming, territorial localisation of farming activity and the qualification held by the immigrant employed in the farm. The results of analysis confirm a diversified range of contribution on behalf of migrants, with strong diversification on the basis of workers’ provenance. The results of the study suggest that an adequate policy action targeted to the immigrants may bring about positive effects in terms of multifunctionality building at both the individual and territorial level.

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Beloborodov, V. V., N. A. Elemesov, A. V. Ponomarenko, E. A. Morzhanaev, A. G. Filippenko, I. L. Mikheenko, A. M. Chernyavskiy y A. B. Romanov. "Remote magnetic navigation for heart rhythm disturbances treatment in patients after surgical correction of congenital heart disease". Patologiya krovoobrashcheniya i kardiokhirurgiya 25, n.º 1 (2 de abril de 2021): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21688/1681-3472-2021-1-32-39.

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The prevalence of congenital heart diseases is nine persons per 1000. Sometimes, congenital heart disease needs surgical correction. The long-term postoperative period is often associated with complex heart rhythm disturbances like ectopic or re-entry tachycardia. These cases, in combination with difficult anatomy, results in challenges during interventional treatment. Catheter ablation has been demonstrated as safe and effective in different types of arrhythmia treatments in such patients, including paediatric cohorts. Despite these facts, several important problems regarding using current technologies are still unresolved. Remote magnetic navigation showed good results regarding localisation of arrhythmogenic zones during treatment of complex heart rhythm disturbances. The objective of the present article is to review recently published data in this area and experience of Meshalkin National Medical Research Center in heart rhythm disturbances treatment using remote magnetic navigation in patients after surgical correction of congenital heart disease.Received 28 September 2020. Revised 25 December 2020 г. Accepted 30 December 2020.Funding: The study did not have sponsorship.Conflict of interest: Authors declare no conflict of interest.Author contributions Conception and study design: A.B. Romanov, A.M. Chernyavskiy Drafting the article: V.V. Beloborodov, А.V. Ponomarenko, E.А. Morzhanaev Critical revision of the article: A.B. Romanov, А.V. Ponomarenko, I.L. Mikheenko, E.А. Morzhanaev, A.G. Filippenko, A.M. Chernyavskiy Final approval of the version to be published: V.V. Beloborodov, N.А. Yelemessov, А.V. Ponomarenko, E.А. Morzhanaev, A.G. Filippenko, I.L. Mikheenko, A.M. Chernyavskiy, A.B. Romanov

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Rashid, Marzaini, Amit Kumar Tiwari, Neal Wood, Patrick Briddon, Jonathan P. Goss, M. J. Rayson, Nick Wright y Alton B. Horsfall. "Tuning Optoelectronic Properties of 4H-SiC QDs Using -H, -OH and -F Surface Functionalisation". Materials Science Forum 821-823 (junio de 2015): 375–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.821-823.375.

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Density functional calculations were performed for the –H, –OH and –F functional groups adsorbed onto the surface of pseudo-spherical 4H-SiC quantum dots with diameters ranging from 10 to 22 Å. We find that for the investigated diameter range, the H-terminated SiC-quantum dots exhibit strong size dependent quantum confinement effects, while for –F and –OH terminations, the optical gap remains largely unchanged. The –H termination shows an optical absorption onset well above that of –F and –OH for a similar cluster size, which is attributed to the localisation of HOMO and LUMO states to the quantum dot core. Based on our calculations, we suggest that the –H functionalisation is a more promising route for engineering the optical properties of SiC-quantum dots, since this could lead to a wider control over the optical absorption onsets, when compared to –OH and –F terminations.

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Lu, Bao-Wei, Feng-Xia An, Liang-Jing Cao, Yong-Jian Yang, Peng-Ming Liu, Xuan Wang, Bao-Liang Yang, Yu-Lei Zhang, Yan-Feng Ding y Jun Liu. "Proteomic profiling uncovered the cytosolic superoxide dismutase BsSOD1 associated with plant defence in the herbal orchid Bletilla striata". Functional Plant Biology 47, n.º 10 (2020): 937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/fp19345.

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The herbal orchid Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb.f. has a long cultivation history and has been widely used in medicines and cosmetics. The fungal infection leaf blight (LB) seriously threatens B. striata cultivation. Here, we systemically collected wild B. striata accessions and isolated the accessions with strong resistance against LB. We carried out proteomic profiling analysis of LB-resistant and LB-susceptible accessions, and identified a large number of differentially expressed proteins with significant gene ontology enrichment for ‘oxidoreductase activity.’ Of the proteins identified in the reactive oxygen species signalling pathway, the protein abundance of the Cu–Zn superoxide dismutase BsSOD1 and its gene expression level were higher in LB-resistant accessions than in LB-susceptible lines. Transient expression of the dismutase fused with yellow fluorescent protein determined that its subcellular localisation is in the cytoplasm. Our study provides new insights into the molecular markers associated with fungal infection in B. striata.

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Ugyel, Lhawang y Carsten Daugbjerg. "Successful policy transfer and public sector reform in developing countries". Policy & Politics 48, n.º 4 (1 de octubre de 2020): 603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/030557320x15786631116992.

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The scope and intensity of policy transfer has increased in recent years as developing countries have drawn on public sector reform programmes based on new public management practices originally designed in western democracies. However, there is mounting evidence that to be successful, reform programmes must be adapted to local contexts. This article demonstrates that national government control of policy transfer can enable localisation which in turn enhances the effectiveness of public reforms. Analysis of the Position Classification System ‐ which sought to enhance accountability, efficiency and professionalism in the civil service in Bhutan ‐ highlights two conditions that enable domestic control of the policy transfer process: strong internal motivation for engaging in policy transfer and the establishment or adaptation of institutions to manage processes of policy transfer. We conclude that when these conditions apply, a developing country can engage in successful voluntary policy transfer and retain control of the process.

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Jedrzejuk, Agata, Heiko Mibus y Margrethe Serek. "Localisation of Abundant and Organ-Specific Genes Expressed inRosa hybridaLeaves and Flower Buds by DirectIn SituRT-PCR". Scientific World Journal 2012 (2012): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1100/2012/609597.

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In situPCR is a technique that allows specific nucleic acid sequences to be detected in individual cells and tissues.In situPCR and IS-RT-PCR are elegant techniques that can increase both sensitivity and throughput, but they are, at best, only semiquantitative; therefore, it is desirable first to ascertain the expression pattern by conventional means to establish the suitable conditions for each probe. In plants,in situRT-PCR is widely used in the expression localisation of specific genes, including MADS-box and other function-specific genes or housekeeping genes in floral buds and other organs. This method is especially useful in small organs or during early developmental stages when the separation of particular parts is impossible. In this paper, we compared three different labelling and immunodetection methods by usingin situRT-PCR inRosa hybridaflower buds and leaves. As target genes, we used the abundantβ-actinandRhFULgene, which is expressed only in the leaves and petals/sepals of flower buds. We used digoxygenin-11-dUTP, biotin-11-dUTP, and fluorescein-12-dUTP-labelled nucleotides and antidig-AP/ streptavidin-fluorescein-labelled antibodies. All of the used methods gave strong, specific signal and all of them may be used in localization of gene expression on tissue level in rose organs.

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Christakis, I., S. Khan, GP Sadler, FV Gleeson, KM Bradley y R. Mihai. "18Fluorocholine PET/CT scanning with arterial phase-enhanced CT is useful for persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism: first UK case series results". Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 101, n.º 7 (septiembre de 2019): 501–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsann.2019.0059.

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Introduction Redo parathyroidectomy for persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism is associated with a higher risk of complications and should be planned only with convincing localisation. We assessed whether 18fluorocholine positron emission tomography/computed tomography could identify parathyroid adenoma(s) in patients with persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism and negative conventional scans. Materials and methods A departmental database was used to identify patients with failed localisation attempts (sestamibi single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography and/or computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging and/or selective parathyroid hormone sampling) after previous unsuccessful surgery for primary hyperparathyroidism. 18Fluorocholine positron emission tomography was performed in all patients and redo surgery offered to those with positive findings. Results 18Fluorocholine positron emission tomography incorporating arterial and portal phase enhanced computed tomography was performed in 12 patients with persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism (four men and eight women). Seven patients (58%) were cured after excision of adenomas located in ectopic positions (n = 3) or in anatomical position (n = 4). Five patients (42%) had persistent hypercalcaemia and repeat 18fluorocholine scan confirmed that the area highlighted on preoperative scans was excised. The arterial phase enhancement of the computed tomography was significantly different between cured and not-cured patients (P = 0.007). All seven cured patients had either a strong or weak enhancing pattern on computed tomography. Standardised uptake value at 60 minutes in patients with successful surgery (range 2.7–15.7, median 4.05) was higher than in patients with failed surgery (range 1.8–5.8, median 3.2) but was not statistically significant (P = 0.300). Discussion 18fluorocholine scanning can identify elusive parathyroid adenomas, including those that are ectopic, and is useful in the management of patients with persistent/recurrent primary hyperparathyroidism when first-line scans are negative. The grading of the arterial phase of computed tomography can help to differentiate between true adenomas and false positive targets (lymph nodes).

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Weintrit, B., K. Bakuła, M. Jędryka, W. Bijak, W. Ostrowski, D. Zelaya Wziątek, A. Ankowski y Z. Kurczyński. "EMERGENCY RESCUE MANAGEMENT SUPPORTED BY UAV REMOTE SENSING DATA". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-3/W4 (6 de marzo de 2018): 563–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-3-w4-563-2018.

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Abstract. In the proposed SAFEDAM system, aerial and satellite-based information is used for the monitoring of river bodies, flood monitoring during the event, and for post-disaster damage assessment. UAV constitute a valuable source of information about the current situation in the field during the operation of emergency services. Time is crucial, and the basic assumption to use UAV remote sensing data is to make them available immediately after landing. Therefore, the approach of automatic orthomosaics created based on the exterior orientation of the transmitted images using direct georeference was selected instead of sophisticated automatic on-the-fly image-matching and georeferencing. The article conveys the justification for selecting this option in order to process orthomosaics with lower localisation accuracy in a short time. The developed algorithm takes into account the elements of exterior and interior orientation of the camera as well as the digital terrain model. The evaluation of the orthomosaic was conducted based on theorthophoto created in post-processing. Thanks to the approach used, images from the platform are available in the near real time on the screen of the interventional mode of the SAFEDAM system and are an extremely valuable and informative source of data. The system also integrates tools, which support the management of the action and prepares site documentation.

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Martynski, Karol, Jan Blecki, Roman Wronowski, Andrzej Kulak, Janusz Mlynarczyk y Rafal Iwanski. "Mesoscale convective systems as a source of electromagnetic signals registered by ground-based system and DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) satellite". Annales Geophysicae 39, n.º 2 (26 de marzo de 2021): 321–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-321-2021.

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Abstract. Mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) are especially visible in the summertime when there is an advection of warm maritime air from the west. Advection of air masses is enriched by water vapour, the source of which can be found over the Mediterranean Sea. In propitious atmospheric conditions, and thus significant convection, atmospheric instability or strong vertical thermal gradient leads to the development of strong thunderstorm systems. In this paper, we discuss one case of MCSs, which generated a significant amount of +CG (cloud-to-ground), −CG and intracloud (IC) discharges. We have focused on the ELF (extremely low frequency; < 1 kHz) electromagnetic field measurements, since they allow us to compute the charge moments of atmospheric discharges. Identification of the MCSs is a complex process, due to many variables which have to be taken into account. For our research, we took into consideration a few tools, such as cloud reflectivity, atmospheric soundings and data provided by PERUN (Polish system of the discharge localisation system), which operates in a very high frequency (VHF) range (113.5–114.5 MHz). Combining the above-described measurement systems and tools, we identified a MCS which occurred in Poland on 23 July 2009. Furthermore, it fulfilled our requirements since the thunderstorm crossed the path of the DEMETER (Detection of Electro-Magnetic Emissions Transmitted from Earthquake Regions) overpass.

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Chateau-Cornu, Jean Philippe, Alain Jacques, Jean Philippe Tinnes y Thomas Schenk. "Investigation of Plastic Instability in TWIP Steels by In Situ Diffraction of High Energy X-Rays". Materials Science Forum 783-786 (mayo de 2014): 1105–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.783-786.1105.

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We investigate the non uniform plastic deformation of a TWIP FeMnC steel by diffraction of high energy synchrotron X-rays. In particular, we observe the propagation of bands of plastic strain localisation. Debye-Scherrer rings are recorded in situ during tensile tests at two different strain rates. Discontinuous initial rings characteristic of unstrained polycristals with no texture become rapidly continuous after several percents of plastic strain due to strain gradients within the grains and a strong texture develops. The crystallographic dependence of the Young’s modulus is estimated and is consistent with the elastic anisotropy of a cubic crystal. A delay between the serrations on the macroscopic tensile curve and the stepwise variations of the diffracted peak’s position and width are consistent with propagating bands nucleating outside the X-ray beam. Slower and thinner bands are observed at the lowest strain rate. A tensile test interrupted to perform a few minute relaxation leads to a displacement of the nucleation site of the bands from one end to the middle of the gauge part.

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