Literatura académica sobre el tema "Stone fruit"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Stone fruit"
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Kuttappan, Deepa, Muhammed S. Muyyarikkandy, Elza Mathew y Mary Anne Amalaradjou. "Listeria monocytogenes Survival on Peaches and Nectarines under Conditions Simulating Commercial Stone-Fruit Packinghouse Operations". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, n.º 17 (31 de agosto de 2021): 9174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18179174.
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Recent recalls of stone fruit due to potential Listeria contamination and associated foodborne outbreaks highlight the risk for pathogen transmission through stone-fruit consumption. Particularly, surface contamination of fruits increases the risk for cross-contamination of produce during processing and storage. This highlights the need for quality control in stone fruits intended for consumption. To develop effective food safety practices, it is essential to determine the critical factors during stone-fruit processing that influence Listeria survival. Therefore, this study evaluated the ability of Listeria to survive on peaches and nectarines under simulated stone-fruit loading and staging, waxing and fungicide application and storage conditions. The results of our study indicate that current stone-fruit handling conditions do not favor Listeria growth. However, once fruit is contaminated, Listeria can survive on the fruit surface in significant numbers under current processing conditions. Therefore, there is a need to develop and implement preventive controls at the stone-fruit packinghouse to prevent Listeria contamination and deter pathogen persistence.
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Vachůn, Z. "Variability of 21 apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) cultivars and hybrids in selected traits of fruit and stone". Horticultural Science 30, No. 3 (25 de noviembre de 2011): 90–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/3868-hortsci.
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Weight, height, width and diameter of fruits and stones were evaluated in 21 apricot cultivars and hybrids in 1994–1997. Statistically significant differences between the measured values of traits confirmed their applicability for objective characterization of genotypes. The evaluated traits are genetic dispositions. It was also proved by the rank of genotypes arranged according to the values of particular traits in one year that was highly significantly identical in the other years of the evaluated period (correlation coefficient r = 0.45<sup>++</sup> to 0.87<sup>++</sup>). The relationship between fruit weight and other traits (stone weight, stone height and stone width) is not linear. Fruit weight increases (or decreases) faster towards the limit values of traits. The average percentage proportion of stone weight in fruit weight ranged from 4.9% to 9.6% in the genotypes over the period of four years. A lower proportion of stone in fruit weight is a positive trait for selection of suitable genotypes for direct consumption and flesh processing. This trait can also be a suitable criterion of genotype selection to breed cultivars with a low proportion of inedible part. Promising cultivar Lemeda is an example of the low stone proportion in flesh weight. A high level of variability was found in the values of stone and fruit weight (coefficient of variation v = 19.00% and v = 24.74%, respectively). Coefficients of variation for other traits (fruit and stone height, width and diameter) were by more than a half lower.
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Bhoyar, Mahesh G. y Krishan Kumar. "Genetic variability among seedling origin tree population of mango (Mangifera spp.) in Himachal Pradesh, India". Bangladesh Journal of Botany 49, n.º 3 (20 de septiembre de 2020): 521–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjb.v49i3.49619.
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A survey to the existing seedling origin tree population of wild Mangifera spp. was carried out at Hamirpur and Kangra districts of Himachal Pradesh, India. Eighty one healthy and bearing tree population originated from seedlings in the region were marked. Wide range of genetic variability in qualitative and quantitative characters were observed for fruit, stone, peel, pulp and other fruit characters. Hamirpur district exhibited a variety in quality of fruits with varied fruit shape, colour, attractiveness etc. The significant variation was observed for different fruit parameters like fruit dimensions, fruit weight, fruit volume, stone weight, stone length, of stone, stone thickness, of stone, pulp weight, peel weight, per cent of edible and nonedible portions, ratio of stone weight to pulp weight, ratio of peel weight to pulp weight, skin thickness and TSS (Total Soluble Solids). The selected genotypes could be classified into different categories based upon their utility, viz., pickle, sucking, table purposes etc.
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Kudová, Dagmar. "Attractiveness of stone fruits production in the Czech Republic". Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 58, n.º 3 (2010): 107–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201058030107.
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The paper deals with evaluation of attractiveness of stone fruits production in Czech Republic using the industry attractiveness evaluation matrix according to the methodology of Higgins and Vincze (1989). It was identifies the key criteria for evaluation of attractiveness, described in detail and evaluated from the viewpoint of a producer operating in the stone fruits production industry. According to the data of the Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture (OTK ÚKZÚZ) for 2008, 1166 entities (companies and growers) farmed on 21 738 hectares of fruit orchards, of which 6 730 ha were aimed on stone fruit production.Total sales for the production of stone fruits decreased by 34.5 % in the period of 2004–2008. Production of stone fruit can be sold through sales co-operatives, to a fruit processing company or independently. Czech Ministry of Agriculture and the EU through the State Agricultural Intervention Fund stated a range of support programs under which it is possible to apply for funding. Attractiveness of the production of stone fruit is evaluated as below average; the result of the industry attractiveness evaluation matrix for this sector equals 1.84, which is lower than the average score of 3.00.
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Khan, Muhammad Khalil Ullah, Noor Muhammad, Zhuolong Jia, Jianying Peng y Mengjun Liu. "Mechanism of Stone (Hardened Endocarp) Formation in Fruits: An Attempt toward Pitless Fruits, and Its Advantages and Disadvantages". Genes 13, n.º 11 (15 de noviembre de 2022): 2123. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13112123.
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Stone (hardened endocarp) has a very important role in the continuity of plant life. Nature has gifted plants with various seed protection and dispersal strategies. Stone-fruit-bearing species have evolved a unique adaptation in which the seed is encased in an extremely hard wood-like shell called the stone. The lignification of the fruit endocarp layer produces the stone, a feature that separates drupes from other plants. Stone cells emerge from parenchyma cells after programmed cell death and the deposition of cellulose and lignin in the secondary cell wall. Generally, the deposition of lignin in primary cell walls is followed by secondary thickening of cell walls to form stone cells. This review article describes the molecular mechanisms and factors that influence the production of stone in the fruit. This is the first review article that describes the molecular mechanisms regulating stone (harden endocarp) formation in fruits. This article will help breeders understand the molecular and genetic basis for the stone formation in fruit, and this could lead to new and innovative directions to breed stoneless fruit cultivars in the future.
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Piero Cravedi, Prof. "SESSION C: STONE FRUIT - SOFT FRUIT". Acta Horticulturae, n.º 525 (marzo de 2000): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2000.525.44.
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A. Mohamed Farook, N., G. A. Seyed Dameem, N. M. I. Alhaji, R. Sathiya, J. Muniyandi, S. Sangeetha y J. Muniyandi. "Inhibition of Mineralization of Urinary Stone Forming Minerals by Some Hills Area Fruit Juice". E-Journal of Chemistry 1, n.º 2 (2004): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2004/150967.
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Some hills area fruit,viz., star fruit, butter fruit, seetha fruit, and watermelon have been investigated as inhibitors in the mineralization of urinary stone forming minerals,viz., calcium phosphate, oxalate and carbonate. Inhibition efficiency has been studied in different models. Increased intake of the experimental fruits would be helpful in urinary stone proppylaxis. Most of the inhibitors have found effectively inhibit calcium phosphate and oxalate precipitation.
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Kumar, Pradeep y V. K. Tripathi. "Correlation Studies in Ber (Ziziphus mauriatiana Lamk.) in Eastern Region of Uttar Pradesh, India". International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 36, n.º 3 (6 de febrero de 2024): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i34408.
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The present investigation was carried out in forty genotypes of ber at the Department of Fruit Science, College of Horticulture, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur (UP) from 2021–22 to 2022–23. Phenotypic correlations were worked out among eighteen characters of Ber to know the nature of the association existing among the characters. The correlation among the quantitative characters was worked out. The length of the fruit was found to be significantly and positively correlated with fruit weight (0.617**), and the width of the fruit exhibited a significant positive correlation with fruit weight (0.853**). Leaf length showed significant positive correlations with length of fruit (0.443*) and a non-significant but positive correlation with weight of fruit and width of fruit. Leaf width showed significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.794**), length of fruit (0.563**), and leaf length (0.487*). Stone weight has shown significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.626**) and width of fruit (0.874**), and stone length has shown significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.440*), leaf width (0.409*), and stone weight (0.584**). Stone width has shown significant positive correlations with leaf length (0.417*), leaf width (0.701**), and stone weight (0.487*). The height of the tree has shown significant positive correlations with length of fruit (0.576**), width of fruit (0.977**), stone length (0.803**), and stone width (0.628**). The stem girth also exhibited a significant positive correlation with fruit weight (0.966**), width of fruit (0.496*), leaf length (0.650**), stone weight (0.397*), and height of the tree (0.406*). Specific gravity has shown significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.817**). leaf length (0.641**) leaf width (0.424*), stone weight (0.455*), stone length (0.417*), and stone width (0.734**).
TSS content was also found to be significantly and positively correlated with fruit weight (0.774**), leaf length (0.645**), leaf width (0.970**), stone weight (0.539**), stone length (0.425*), stone width (0.765**), stem girth (0.855**), and specific gravity (0.547**). Total acidity content in fruit was found to be significantly and positively correlated with fruit weight (0.725**), length of fruit (0.882**), width of fruit (0.948**), leaf length (0.809**), leaf width (0.989**), stone weight (0.772**), stone length (0.605**), stone width (0.892**), height of the tree (0.792**), and specific gravity (0.702**). TSS: acid ratio has shown significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.981**), length of fruit (0.455*), width of fruit (0.963**), leaf length (0.929**), leaf width (0.854**), stone length (0.813**), stone width (0.727**), height of the tree (0.832**), stem girth (0.453*), and specific gravity (0.728** ).Reducing sugar has shown significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.680**), leaf width (0.821**), stone length (0.835**), stone width (0.503*), height of tree (0.747**), stem girth (0.812**), and TSS acidity ratio (0.410*). Non-reducing sugar has shown significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.782**), length of fruit (0.999**), width of fruit (0.499*), leaf width (0.482*), stone weight (0.662**), stone length (0.399*), stone width (0.453*), specific gravity (0.488*), and TSS (0.787**). Total sugars have shown significant positive correlations with fruit weight (0.960**). length of fruit (0.412*) leaf length (0.539**), leaf width (0.710**), stone length (0.745**), stone width (0.897**), height of the tree (0.658**), stem girth (0.841**), and acidity (0.584**). Ascorbic acid has shown significant positive correlations between length of fruit (0.938**), leaf width (0.642**), stone length (0.664**), stone width (0.685**), height of tree (0.400**), and specific gravity (0.942**).
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Cheng, Xi, Jinyun Zhang, Han Wang, Tianzhe Chen, Guohui Li, Chongchong Yan, Qing Jin, Yi Lin y Yongping Cai. "Effects of Metaxenia on Stone Cell Formation in Pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) Based on Transcriptomic Analysis and Functional Characterization of the Lignin-Related Gene PbC4H2". Forests 11, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11010053.
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The deposition of lignin in flesh parenchyma cells for pear stone cells, and excessive stone cells reduce the taste and quality of the fruit. The effect of metaxenia on the quality of fruit has been heavily studied, but the effect of metaxenia on stone cell formation has not been fully elucidated to date. This study used P. bretschneideri (Chinese white pear) cv. ‘Yali’ (high-stone cell content) and P. pyrifolia (Sand pear) cv. ‘Cuiguan’ (low-stone cell content) as pollination trees to pollinate P. bretschneideri cv. ‘Lianglizaosu’ separately to fill this gap in the literature. The results of quantitative determination, histochemical staining and electron microscopy indicated that the content of stone cells and lignin in YL fruit (‘Yali’ (pollen parent) × ‘Lianglizaosu’ (seed parent)) was significantly higher than that in CL fruit (‘Cuiguan’ (pollen parent) × ‘Lianglizaosu’ (seed parent)). The transcriptome sequencing results that were obtained from the three developmental stages of the two types of hybrid fruits indicated that a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to auxin signal transduction (AUX/IAAs and ARFs), lignin biosynthesis, and lignin metabolism regulation (MYBs, LIMs, and KNOXs) between the CL and YL fruits at the early stage of fruit development. Therefore, metaxenia might change the signal transduction process of auxin in pear fruit, thereby regulating the expression of transcription factors (TFs) related to lignin metabolism, and ultimately affecting lignin deposition and stone cell development. In addition, we performed functional verification of a differentially expressed gene, PbC4H2 (cinnamate 4-hydroxylase). Heterologous expression of PbC4H2 in the c4h mutant not only restored its collapsed cell wall, but also significantly increased the lignin content in the inflorescence stem. The results of our research help to elucidate the metaxenia-mediated regulation of pear stone cell development and clarify the function of PbC4H2 in cell wall development and lignin synthesis, which establishes a foundation for subsequent molecular breeding.
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Lang, Gregory A. "Guidelines for the choice of stone fruit rootstocks". Italus Hortus 31, n.º 1 (31 de mayo de 2024): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26353/j.itahort/2024.1.1826.
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Rootstocks for stone fruits (Prunus spp.) provide numerous and diverse production benefits, not least of which is the ability to produce high quality improved clonal fruit varieties, but also for better adaptation to orchard site variations and adoption of improved production techniques. These include mitigation of potential abiotic (soil, climate) and biotic (disease, pest) production limitations, as well as modification of natural tree vigor, precocity, and canopy architecture. Stone fruit production has lagged far behind that of apples with regard to rootstock-based control of vigor, which has contributed to comparatively less efficient production methods. Sweet cherries were the first stone fruits to have to a full range of vigor-controlling rootstocks become commercially available, about 25 years ago. It is primarily over the past decade that rootstocks conferring an increasing range of vigor control have begun to look promising for the larger-fruited stone fruits (peaches, apricots, plums), based on various scientific and commercial evaluation trials. This is likely to be a significant component of the overdue adoption of improved orchard training systems, particularly planar or “fruiting wall” canopies that are more labor efficient for pruning, fruit thinning, and harvest, and often contribute to better and/or more uniform fruit coloration, ripening, and quality. Such training systems also facilitate new and developing orchard data acquisition technologies and precision management techniques. General guidelines for the choice of stone fruit rootstocks for both specific growing conditions and anticipated contemporary production systems are discussed.
Tesis sobre el tema "Stone fruit"
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Steenkamp, Human. "New chemical thinning strategies for stone fruit". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98026.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Thinning of stone fruit, just as in any other deciduous fruit crop, plays an important role in producing fruit of the right size and quality. Hand thinning is highly labor intensive and time consuming, thus an alternative method of thinning is important to the industry. Chemical and mechanical thinning either alone or in combination could be the alternative. Two chemicals, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) and 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) were evaluated on Japanese plums, cling peaches and nectarines. In addition, the Darwin 300™, a mechanical string thinner, was also included in trials on early maturing ‘Alpine’ nectarine and ‘African Rose™’ plum. In all trials the objective was to reduce the required hand thinning during commercial hand thinning without compromising on yield and fruit quality. In Japanese plums we were able to reduce the hand thinning requirement significantly with both the ACC thinning and mechanical thinning strategies. Regarding ACC, cultivars differed in their sensitivity to the chemical and the recommended rate will differ for cultivars. ACC consistently reduced the required hand thinning linearly with increasing rate. The recommended rate of ACC for ‘African Rose™’ is 600 μl.L-1 and for ‘Laetitia’ 400 μl.L-1. For ‘Fortune’ a recommended rate could not be determined at this stage, thus further trials should be conducted. The Darwin 300™ reduced hand thinning significantly without reducing the yield significantly. Combining the Darwin 300™ with ACC 600 μl.L-1 in ‘African Rose™’ gave promising results with regard to hand thinning requirement and fruit size, without reducing yield efficiency significantly. No leaf drop was observed on Japanese plums, except in the pilot trial when applications were made at high temperatures, which should therefore be avoided. ACC was effective as thinning agent in cling peaches. In ‘Keisie’, the results were positive during both seasons, and ACC reduced the hand thinning requirement without reducing yield efficiency. The recommended rate of ACC for ‘Keisie’ is 600 μl.L-1. Slight leaf drop was observed. In ‘Sandvliet’, there was a significant reduction in fruit set, without reducing the required hand thinning. The reduction in fruit set led to a significant reduction in yield. Severe leaf drop was observed, indicating that cultivars differ in sensitivity to ACC. ACC would not currently be recommended for ‘Sandvliet’. In nectarines, ACC only thinned ‘Turquoise’ but not ‘Alpine’ or ‘August Red’ at the rates and phenological stage used, again indicating cultivar differences in sensitivity. In ‘Turquoise’, the highest ACC rate (500 μl.L-1) reduced fruit set per tagged shoot, as well as the hand thinning requirement, but this rate also reduced the total yield. The Darwin 300™ evaluated on ‘Alpine’ reduced fruit set significantly and the hand thinning requirement without reducing yield efficiency, indicating that mechanical thinning is a viable option in nectarines. Slight leaf drop was observed in all nectarine trials and ACC would not currently be recommended for nectarines. 6-BA was included to combat ACC-induced leaf drop and was partially successful. The reason for the differences observed in response to ACC between cling peaches and plums on the one hand, and nectarines on the other, cannot currently be explained.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Uitdun van steenvrugte, net soos vir enige ander sagtevrugte soort, speel 'n belangrike rol in die produksie van vrugte met die regte grootte en gehalte. Uitdun van steenvrugte is hoogs arbeidsintensief en tydrowend, dus is dit belangrik om ʼn alternatief te vind vir die bedryf. Chemiese of meganiese uitdunning alleen of in kombinasie kan die alternatiewe wees. Twee middels, 1-aminosiklopropaan-1-karboksielsuur (ACC) en 6-bensieladenien (6-BA) is geëvalueer op Japanese pruime, taaipitperskes en nektariens. Daarby is die Darwin 300™, ʼn meganiese uitdunmasjien, ingesluit vir twee vroeë kultivars, nl. Alpine nektarien en African Rose™ pruim. Die doel van die proewe was om handuitdunning tydens kommersiële handuitdun te verminder, sonder om die opbrengs en vrugkwaliteit negatief te beïnvloed. Vir Japanese pruime kon ons die nodige handuitdunning beduidend verminder met beide die ACC en meganiese uitdun strategieë. Daar was wel ʼn verskil tussen die kultivars se sensitiwiteit teenoor ACC en die aanbevole konsentrasie sal verskil tussen kultivars. ACC het die benodigde handuitdunning vir al drie kultivars lineêr verminder met ʼn toename in konsentrasie. Die aanbevole konsentrasie van ACC vir ‘African Rose ™’ is 600 μl.L-1 en vir ‘Laetitia’ 400 μl.L-1. Vir ‘Fortune’ kan daar nog nie op hierdie stadium 'n konsentrasie aanbeveling gemaak word nie. Die Darwin 300™ behandeling het die benodigde handuitdunning beduidend verminder sonder om die opbrengs te beïnvloed. Die kombinasie van die Darwin 300 ™ met ACC 600 μl.L-1 het ook goeie resultate opgelewer wat handuitdunning en vruggrootte aanbetref sonder om die opbrengsdoeltreffendheid te verlaag. Geen blaarval was opgemerk by die pruime nie, behalwe in ʼn voorlopige proef toe die ACC toegedien is by hoë temperature, wat dus vermy moet word. Die effektiwiteit van ACC as uitdunmiddel van taaipitperskes was belowend. Vir ‘Keisie’ was die resultate positief vir beide seisoene, en ACC het handuitdunning verminder sonder om die opbrengs te beïnvloed. Die aanbevole ACC konsentrasie vir ‘Keisie’ is 600 μl.L-1. Effense blaarval is wel waargeneem. Vir ‘Sandvliet’ was daar 'n beduidende vermindering in vrugset, sonder dat handuitdunning verminder is. Daar was ook 'n beduidende afname in opbrengs en erge blaarval in die proef waargeneem. ACC sal tans nie aanbeveel word vir 'Sandvliet’ nie. Met nektariens het ACC net ‘n uitduneffek op ‘Turquoise’ getoon, maar nie teen die aangewende dosisse en ontwikkelingstadium op ‘Alpine’ of ‘Augustus Red’ nie. Dit dui daarop dat ACC kultivarspesifiek mag wees. In ‘Turquoise’ het die hoogste konsentrasie (500 μl.L-1) vrugset van gemerkte lote en die handuitdunning verminder, maar ook die totale opbrengs. Die Darwin 300 ™ het die vrugset van ‘Alpine’ asook die benodigde handuitdunning aansienlik verminder sonder om die opbrengs te verlaag. Effense blaarval was opgemerk in alle nektarien proewe. ACC sal nie aanbeveel word as uitdunmiddel vir nektariens nie. 6-BA was in die studie ingesluit om ACC-geïnduseerde blaarval teen te werk en was slegs gedeeltelik suksesvol. Die rede vir die verskille in respons tot ACC tussen pruime, perskes en nektariens kan nie tans verklaar word nie.
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De, Villiers Michiel Hendrik Jacobus. "Mechanical and chemical thinning of stone fruit". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95809.
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Thesis (MScAgric)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Producing fruit of the appropriate size and high quality is of the upmost importance to realize a profit in the fruit industry. This can be achieved through bloom or fruitlet thinning to reduce the number of fruit left on the tree. The cost of production is rising and labour cost forms a large part of the total production cost. Thinning of stone fruit is labour intensive and expensive, so an alternative to hand thinning needs to be found. Two alternatives are chemical and mechanical thinning. Chemical thinners are not routinely used in stone fruit as it is in pome fruit production and gibberellins were evaluated in this study. The Darwin 300TM was evaluated as a mechanical alternative to hand thinning. It thins flowers during bloom, before fruitlet thinning by hand is performed. In our trials on nectarines and Japanese plums the objective of reducing the time required for hand thinning was achieved, with the Darwin 300TM reducing the time required by up to 50%. When the time required to thin was reduced too much it also reduced the yield, but this could be overcome by lowering the rotor speed or using different strategies during supplementary hand thinning at the fruitlet stage. The bloom thinning and reduction in yield led to an increase in the fruit size. Care should be taken when using the Darwin 300TM as the earlier thinning could increase pit splitting and/or fruit cracking, especially in cultivars that are sensitive to these defects. The optimal rate of thinning needs to be determined for each cultivar individually. The application of gibberellic acid (GA3) and gibberellin A4+7 (GA4+7) at the pit hardening stage in the previous season could decrease the number of flowers for the following growing season. There was no effect on the yield at harvest or fruit size in the season of GA3 and GA4+7 applications, but the fruit firmness was increased. This effect was more pronounced for the GA4+7 applications. Our objective of reducing the time required for thinning was achieved in some but not all cultivars. The yield was not significantly reduced, with the fruit maturity only delayed in ‘African Rose’ plum. Again no increase in fruit size was found, but the fruit firmness was again increased. The GA-applications therefore were not satisfactory in their reduction of the time required for hand thinning. A positive effect is the increase in fruit firmness, which could possibly increase the storage potential of the fruit without having negative effects on the other aspects of fruit quality but this needs further evaluation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Produksie van vrugte met die verlangde vruggrootte en hoë vrug kwaliteit is baie belangrik vir die realisering van ‘n wins in die vrugte-industrie. Met hierdie mikpunt in gedagte, is blom- en vruguitdunning baie belangrik om die aantal vrugte per boom te verminder. Die kostes geassosieer met vrugte produksie is besig om te styg en arbeidskoste vorm ‘n groot deel van die totale produksiekostes. Uitdunning van steenvrugte is arbeidsintensief en baie duur, dus moet ‘n alternatief vir handuitdunning gevind word. Daar is twee alternatiewe naamlik chemiese en meganiese uitdunning. Chemiese uitdunmiddels word algemeen in kernvrugproduksie gebruik, maar daar is tans geen chemiese middels vir steenvrugte nie. In hierdie studie was gibberelliene ge-evalueer as potensiële uitdunmiddel. Die Darwin 300TM is ge-evalueer gedurende blomtyd as ‘n meganiese alternatief vir handuitdunning. Die masjien verwyder blomme en verminder so die vruguitdunning benodig. In ons eksperimente op nektarien- en Japanese pruimkultivars het ons gevind dat die tyd benodig vir handuitdunning met tot 50% verminder is deur die Darwin 300TM. Dit het ook daartoe gelei dat die totale oes per boom verlaag is. Hierdie effek kan vermy word deur die rotor spoed te verminder of die strategie vir aanvullende handuitdunning aan te pas. Die feit dat die grootste deel van die uitdunproses in blomtyd uitgevoer is en ook die feit dat die totale oes per boom verlaag is, het daartoe gelei dat die vrugte groter was. Die vroeër uitdunning met die Darwin 300TM kan egter lei tot ‘n verhoging in vrugkrake en gesplete pitte. Dit moet veral in gedagte gehou word by kultivars wat geneig is tot hierdie afwykings/defekte. Die optimum tempo van uitdunning moet vir elke kultivar individueel bepaal word. Wanneer gibberelliensuur (GA3) of gibberelien A4+7 (GA4+7) by pitverharding toegedien word in die vorige groeiseisoen, kan dit lei tot die vermindering van die hoeveelheid vrugte in die volgende seisoen. Daar was geen effek op die totale oes per boom en die vruggrootte tydens oes in die seisoen van aanwending nie, maar die vrugfermheid is verhoog. Die effek was hoër na die GA4+7 as na die GA3 aanwending. Die mikpunt om die tyd benodig vir handuitdunning te verminder, is in sommige kultivars bereik. Die oes per boom in die opvolgseisoen is weer eens nie verlaag nie, maar die vrug rypheid van ‘African Rose’ pruime is vertraag. Geen effek is op die vruggrootte opgemerk nie, maar die vrugfermheid was weer eens verhoog. Die GA-toedienings het dus nie bevredigend die tyd benodig vir handuitdunning verminder nie. ‘n Positiewe effek is die verhoging van die vrugfermheid, wat moontlik kan lei tot die verhoging van die opbergingspotensiaal van die vrugte sonder enige ander negatiewe effekte, maar hierdie aspek benodig verdere navorsing.
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Abdi, Nasser McGlasson W. B. Holford P. "Development of biochemical and physiological indices of maturity of dessert stone fruit in relation to cool storage /". Richmond, N.S.W. : Centre for Horticulture and Plant Science, University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030512.164418/index.html.
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Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1998.Thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy. Reprints of related publications by N. Abdi, P. Holford and W.B. McGlasson included in back. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 129-152).
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Abdi, Nasser, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, of Science Technology and Agriculture Faculty y Centre for Horticulture and Plant Sciences. "Development of biochemical and physiological indices of maturity of dessert stone fruit in relation to cool storage". THEIES_FST_HPS_Abdi_N.xml, 1998. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/32.
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The aim of this research was to develop a new harvest maturity index for highly coloured stone fruit that is not affected by seasonal or climatic factors. The judgement of commercial maturity is difficult with some cultivars of stone fruit because they develop intense skin pigmentation several days before they are ripe. Studies of the changes of the physiochemical and physiological parameters associated with ripening confirmed that no single measurement is suitable for the assessment of harvest maturity in the Japanese type plum cultivars(Prunus salicina Lindl). Two distinct patterns of ripening behaviour were identified. The cool storage (0 degrees Centigrade) responses of fruit harvested at three stages of maturity were examined. Total soluble proteins were extracted and separated from fruit during maturation and ripening using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis. At least three proteins were first detected in fruit at optimum commercial harvest maturity. Since Gulfruby, Beauty and Rubyred (Japanese type plum cultivars) accumulated similar concentrations of aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid(ACC), it was suggested that the suppressed-climacteric phenotype is the result of an impaired ability of the fruit to convert this compound to ethyleneDoctor of Philosophy (PhD) (Ph.D.)
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Boonzaaier, Johann Du Toit Loubser. "An inquiry into the competitiveness of the South African stone fruit industry". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97875.
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Thesis (MComm)—Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to undertake an inquiry on the competitive performance of the South African stone fruit industry since the early 1960s, with an emphasis on the more recent years since the mid-1990s, when the industry was deregulated. A comprehensive approach was applied in reaching conclusion in this study by employing a five-step analytical framework, built on well-established approaches by Balassa (revealed comparative advantage, RCA), Vollrath (relative trade advantage, RTA) and the Porter Diamond Model, adapted to accommodate innovative statistical methods to reflect differences in opinions and views more accurately. Competitiveness in this study is defined to give effect to the global trade orientation of the industry as the sustained ability of the South African stone fruit industry to attract investment by trading its produce competitively within the global marketplace, whilst continuously striving to earn returns greater that the opportunity cost of scarce resources engaged. Five phases were identified in the competitive performance of the South African stone fruit industry since 1961, showing the fluctuating nature of the performance of this industry: Phase I (1961-1982): Increasingly regulated competitiveness Phase II (1983-1990): Politically constrained competitiveness Phase III (1991-1999): Economic deregulation and internal rivalry Phase IV (1999-2007): Towards international competitiveness Phase V (2007 – present): Increasingly sustained competitiveness The RTA calculations, including both exports and imports, showed that the industry is highly competitive, both internationally – in the Southern Hemisphere where this industry is only out-performed by Chile and locally – compared to other South African (SA) horticultural crops, with plums consistently claiming the top position when individual stone fruit types in the SA deciduous fruit category are analysed. Through the Stone Fruit Executive Survey (SFES), views and opinions of prominent industry role-players were critically employed to interrogate the topic under discussion. A total of 84 factors affecting the competitiveness of the industry were identified, and these were rated on a five-point Likert scale (where 5 were most enhancing and 1 was most constraining). This study expanded the analytical framework used in recent agri-competitiveness studies to verify and cross-check the results and findings through statistical procedures, such as cluster analyses, principle component analyses and Cronbach’s alpha. This broadened the scope of analysis by accommodating the variance in opinion statements from the respondents. As different cluster groupings based on functional value chain positions were analysed, it became clear that there were significant differences between the respondents involved in the primary production and packing/processing of stone fruit and the respondents involved in activities lower down the value chain, such as in pack houses/processors and exporters/marketers. Further down the value chain the respondents expressed more optimistic views and positive statements on competitiveness than those exposed to primary production risks and uncertainties. This confirms the importance to expand competitive analysis to different points in the value chain The rated factors were grouped into Porter’s six determinants and the general scored ratings yielded the two most enhancing determinants, being business strategy, structure and rivalry (3.55 out of 5) and related and supporting industries (3.14 out of 5). Production factor conditions (2.81 out of 5) and demand/market factors (2.76 out of 5) were identified as being less enhancing determinants. Chance factors (2.66 out of 5) and government support and policy (2.35 out of 5) were identified as the two most constraining determinants. The current approach is that the framework of Esterhuizen (2006) is applied to agriculture-related competitiveness studies. This study, however, investigated the extension of the conventional model by adapting the Porter diamond model within the frameworks of the Institute for Management Development’s World Competitiveness Yearbook (WCY) and the World Economic Forum’s Global Competitiveness Report (GCR), which generally focus on the macro-economic situation. It was confirmed that the stone fruit industry is integrated into and forms part of the ‘broader economic picture’. The results and findings of this study were discussed in a number of focus sessions with industry role players. A strategic planning framework was drafted, which consisted out of eleven industry level strategic proposals. Some of the most important strategic improvements to enhance competitive performance argued for in this study are improved industry-based lobby discussions, i.e. to build and strengthen the necessary communication between industry role players and government agencies through an improved strategic intelligence database, by focusing on aspects such as trade agreements, international market development and policy development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doelwit van hierdie studie was om ’n ondersoek van die mededingende prestasie van die Suid-Afrikaanse steenvrugbedryf sedert die vroeë 1960’s te onderneem, met die klem op die meer onlangse tydperk sedert die middel-1990’s, toe die bedryf gedereguleer is. ’n Omvattende benadering is ingespan deur gebruik te maak van ’n vyfstap- analitiese raamwerk wat geskoei is op die goed gevestigde benaderings van Balassa (onthulde vergelykende voordeel – revealed comparative advantage - RCA), Vollrath (relatiewe handelsvoordeel – relative trade advantage - RTA) en die Porter-diamantmodel, wat aangepas is om innoverende statistiese metodes te akkommodeer om verskille in gesigspunte beter te weergee. Mededingendheid in hierdie studie word gedefinieer om effek te gee aan die globale handelsoriëntasie van die bedryf as die volhoubare vermoë van die Suid-Afrikaanse steenvrugbedryf om belegging te lok deur sy produkte mededingend in die globale mark te verhandel, terwyl daar voortdurend gestreef word om opbrengste te verdien wat groter is as die geleentheidskoste van die skaars hulpbronne gebruik. Vyf fases in die mededingendheid van die Suid-Afrikaanse steenvrugbedryf is sedert 1961 geïdentifiseer en toon die wisselende aard van die prestasie in hierdie bedryf: Fase I (1961-1982): Toenemend gereguleerde mededingendheid Fase II (1983-1990): Polities beperkte mededingendheid Fase III (1991-1999): Ekonomiese deregulering en interne mededinging Fase IV (1999-2007): Op weg na internasionale mededingendheid Fase V (2007 – vandag): Toenemend volhoubare mededingendheid Die RTA-berekenings, wat uitvoere en invoere insluit, het aangetoon dat die bedryf hoogs mededingend is, beide internasionaal – waar die industrie slegs die Chili oortref word en plaaslik – in vergelyking met ander Suid-Afrikaanse (SA) hortologiese gewasse, met pruime wat voorop staan wanneer individuele steenvrugsoorte in die SA sagtevrugtebedryf geanaliseer is. Deur die Steenvrug Uitvoerende Opname (Stone Fruit Executive Survey (SFES)) is die sienings en opinies van vooraanstaande rolspelers krities gebruik om die onderwerp te ondervra. ’n Totaal van 84 faktore wat die mededingendheid van die bedryf beïnvloed, is geïdentifiseer, en hierdie is op ’n vyfpunt-Likertskaal geëvalueer (met 5 as die mees versterkend en 1 as die mees stremmend). Hierdie studie het die analitiese raamwerk wat in onlangse agri-mededingendheidstudies gebruik is, uitgebrei om die resultate deur middel van statistiese prosedures te verifieer en te kruiskontroleer, naamlik deur bondelanalises, hoofkomponent-ontledings (principle component analyses) en Cronbach se alfa. Dít het die strekking van die analise verbreed deur die verskillende opinies van die respondente te akkommodeer. Soos verskillende bondels op grond van funksionele posisies in die waardeketting geanaliseer is, het dit duidelik geword dat daar noemenswaardige verskille was tussen die respondente in die primêre produksie en verpakking/verwerking van steenvrugte en die respondente betrokke in aktiwiteite laer af in die waardeketting, soos in pakhuise/verwerkers en uitvoerders/bemarkers. Verder af in die waardeketting het die respondente meer optimistiese opinies en positiewe stellings oor mededingendheid uitgespreek as dié wat aan primêre produksierisiko’s en onsekerhede blootgestel was. Dit bevestig die belangrikheid daarvan om mededingende analise na verskillende punte in die waardeketting uit te brei. Die gemete faktore is in Porter se ses determinante verdeel en die algemeen aangetekende skattings het die twee mees versterkende determinante opgelewer, naamlik sakestrategie, struktuur en mededinging (3.55 uit 5) en verwante en ondersteunende bedrywe (3.14 uit 5). Produksiefaktortoestande (2.81 uit 5) en vraag/markfaktore (2.76 uit 5) is geïdentifiseer as minder versterkende determinante. Toevallige faktore (2.66 uit 5) en regeringsondersteuning en -beleid (2.35 uit 5) is geïdentifiseer as die twee mees stremmende determinante. Die huidige benadering is dat Esterhuizen (2006) se raamwerk op landbou-verwante mededingendheidstudies toegepas word. Hierdie studie het egter die uitbreiding van die konvensionele model ondersoek deur die Porter-diamantmodel binne die raamwerke van die Institute for Management Development se World Competitiveness Yearbook (WCY) en die World Economic Forum se Global Competitiveness Report (GCR) aan te pas. Hierdie dokumente fokus oor die algemeen op die makro-ekonomiese situasie. Daar is bevestig dat die steenvrugbedryf in die ‘breër ekonomiese situasie’ geïntegreer is en daarvan deel is. Die resultate en bevindings van hierdie studie is in ’n aantal fokussessies met bedryfsrolspelers bespreek. ʼn Strategiese beplanningsraamwerk was opgestel wat bestaan uit elf industrie-vlak strategiese voorstelle. Van die belangrikste strategiese verbeterings om mededingende prestasie te verhoog, waarvoor daar in hierdie studie geargumenteer is, is verbeterde “drukgroepgesprekke”, m.a.w. om die nodige kommunikasie tussen bedryfsrolspelers en die regering te bou en te verstrek deur ’n verbeterde strategiese intelligensie- databasis wat o.a. fokus op aspekte soos handelsooreenkomste, internasionale markontwikkeling en beleidsontwikkeling.
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Kyaw, Poe Nandar. "Regulation of Ethylene Production and Postharvest Fruit Quality of Stone Fruit Using Different Formulations of New Ethylene Antagonists". Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/78297.
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Stone fruits are highly perishable due to their sensitivity to ethylene which limit their domestic and international trade. Different formulations of the anti-ethylene compounds 1H-cyclopropabenzene and 1H-cyclopropa[b]naphthalene were investigated to manage ethylene, extend postharvest life and maintain fruit quality. Fumigation and spray solutions containing ethanol prevented the deleterious effects of ethylene and maintained postharvest fruit quality of stone fruits. The development of spray solutions will allow these compounds to be used in future open-field applications.
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Uthairatanakij, Apiradee. "Responses of nectarines to atmospheres containing high carbon dioxide concentrations". Thesis, View thesis, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/28106.
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Nectarines suffer low temperature disorders (LTD)when stored for more than 2 - 3 weeks at temperatures below 8 degrees C. LTD take the form of flesh bleeding and browning, loss of juiciness, development of mealiness and failure to ripen normally.It has been shown previously that adding about 15% CO2 to the storage atmosphere at 0 degrees C can delay the development of LTD in some cvv. of peaches and nectarines. The initial aim of this research was to explore the genetic basis of the differences among cultivars in the responses to high CO2.After much investigation, it was shown that both genetic and seasonal factors are involved in the development of LTD in nectarines. The development of LTD is a form of chilling injury since they only occur at temperatures below 8 degrees C. but there was no evidence of of a direct role for ethylene in either causing or delaying LTD. It was proposed that storage at low temperatures causes a metabolic imbalance resulting from changes in the amounts or activities of proteins associated with normal ripening. Proposals were presented to further examine protein expression using storage conditions that affect the rate of development of LTD.
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Nzobouh, Fossi Pilar Anaïs. "New olive fruit processing approach with stone removal and dehydration: characterization of multifunctional "olive flour"". Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018.
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Olive oil is produced using, essentially, the same method that was implemented in ancient times, except for the industrial improvement and development. Current extraction processes require crushing of whole olives; these practices, however, might compromise the oil richness regarding phenolic compound and other molecules that have been demonstrated to be beneficial. Moreover, the traditional method for obtaining olive oil generates different by-products, such as olive pomace and waste water, which can be contaminants at different levels and are difficult to exploit in other areas. Those are the reasons why many researchers have recently focused on the search for innovative olive processing methods that enhance olive oil content of bioactive compounds and reduce the waste.
In order to obtain a richer olive oil in terms of phenolic compounds and avoid the generation of residues, a deconstruction of the olive fruit has been proposed (Olmo-García & Olmo-Peinado, 2013a; Olmo-García & Olmo-Peinado, 2013b). It consists on a stoning of the olive fruits to obtain the pulp on the one hand and the stone on the other. After that step, the pulp is dehydrated and pressed to obtain an olive oil with higher phenolic content and a new product consisting on a hydrosoluble powder, containing high levels of fiber and abundance of bioactive compounds. This powder, which has been denominated as “olive flour”, fulfills the criteria to act as a potential ingredient for functional food.
Thus, the present work has been conducted in the field of Food Metabolomics, with the objective of accomplishing the comprehensive qualitative and quantitative characterization of different olive flours, by applying a powerful analytical method (LC-MS) which allows the determination of phenolic compounds, triterpenic acids, some organic acids and tocopherols present in the matrix under study.
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Cao, Tiesen. "Host susceptibility factors in bacterial canker of stone fruit caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2004. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.
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Uthairatanakij, Apiradee. "Responses of nectarines to atmospheres containing high carbon dioxide concentrations". View thesis, 2003. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20040329.122738/index.html.
Texto completoLibros sobre el tema "Stone fruit"
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M, Ogawa J., ed. Stone fruit diseases. St. Paul, MN: American Phytopathological Association, 1995.
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Merchant, Hoshang. Stone to fruit. Calcutta, India: Writers Workshop, 1989.
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M, Ogawa Joseph y American Phytopathological Society, eds. Compendium of stone fruit diseases. St. Paul, MN: APS Press, the American Phytopathological Society, 1995.
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Byther, Ralph S. Brown rot of stone fruits. Pullman: Cooperative Extension, College of Agriculture and Home Economics, Washington State University, 1989.
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Byther, Ralph S. Brown rot of stone fruits. Pullman: Cooperative Extension, College of Agriculture and Home Economics, Washington State University, 1991.
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Semenova, L. G. Kostochkovye kulʹtury v Adygee. Maĭkop: Adygeĭskoe respublikanskoe knizhnoe izd- vo, 2007.
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T︠S︡arenko, V. P. Dikorastushchie kostochkovye plodovye rastenii︠a︡ Dalʹnego Vostoka Rossii. Vladivostok: Dal'nauka, 2007.
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Food, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and. Stone Fruit Varieties For the Home Garden. S.l: s.n, 1985.
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Iglanov, I͡A Kh. Biologicheskie osobennosti rosta i razvitii͡a plodovykh doliny i levoberezhnoĭ delʹty Amudarʹi. Ashkhabad: Ylym, 1985.
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Hadidi, A., Marina Barba, Thierry Candresse y Wilhelm Jelkmann. Virus and virus-like diseases of pome and stone fruits. St. Paul, Minnesota: APS Press/American Phytopathological Society, 2011.
Buscar texto completoCapítulos de libros sobre el tema "Stone fruit"
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Brady, C. J. "Stone fruit". En Biochemistry of Fruit Ripening, 379–404. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1584-1_13.
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Crisosto, Carlos H. y Kevin R. Day. "Stone Fruit". En Crop Post-Harvest: Science and Technology, 212–25. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444354652.ch10.
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Mushtaq, Rafiya, Sumaira Jan, M. K. Sharma y R. H. S. Raja. "Gummosis of Stone Fruit". En Biodiversity, Conservation and Sustainability in Asia, 581–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73943-0_32.
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Khan, N. A., Z. A. Bhat y M. A. Bhat. "Diseases of Stone Fruit Crops". En Production Technology of Stone Fruits, 359–95. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8920-1_14.
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Kumar, Amit, Jagdeesh Prasad Rathore, Umar Iqbal, Anil Sharma, Pawan K. Nagar y Mohammad Maqbool Mir. "Rootstocks of Stone Fruit Crops". En Production Technology of Stone Fruits, 131–69. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8920-1_5.
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Zayats, V. "Stone-fruit selection in Transcarpathia". En Developments in Plant Breeding, 147. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-0467-8_29.
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Herrera, Sara, Jorge Lora, José I. Hormaza y Javier Rodrigo. "Pollination Management in Stone Fruit Crops". En Production Technology of Stone Fruits, 75–102. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8920-1_3.
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Sholberg, A. Peter y Frank Kappel. "Integrated Management Of Stone Fruit Diseases". En Integrated Management of Diseases Caused by Fungi, Phytoplasma and Bacteria, 3–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8571-0_1.
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Tomás-Barberán, Francisco A., David Ruiz, Daniel Valero, Diego Rivera, Conchita Obón, Catalina Sánchez-Roca y María I. Gil. "Health Benefits from Pomegranates and Stone Fruit, Including Plums, Peaches, Apricots and Cherries". En Bioactives in Fruit, 125–67. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118635551.ch7.
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Mir, Mohammad Maqbool, T. Angmo, Umar Iqbal, Gh Hassan Rather, M. U. Rehman, Rifat Bhat, Amit Kumar, Nowsheen Nazir, Ashaq H. Pandit y M. Amin Mir. "Hi-Tech Stone Fruit Industry, Issues, and Approaches". En Production Technology of Stone Fruits, 307–21. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8920-1_12.
Texto completoActas de conferencias sobre el tema "Stone fruit"
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Badžak, Nedim, Mirjana Radović, Jasmina Aliman, Mirko Kulina, Jasna Sejfić Hasanbegović y Aleksandra Šupljeglav Jukić. "FIZIČKE OSOBINE PLODA SORTI TREŠNJE NA PODLOZI GISELA". En XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.179b.
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The physical properties of three sweet cherry cultivars grafted on Gisela 6 rootstock were studied in agroecological conditions of Blagaj, Herzegovina (southern part of Bosnia and Herzegovina), during a period of two years (2020‒2021). The research included fruit and stone weight, flesh ratio, stalk length, fruit dimensions and fruit shape index) of Early Lory, Regina and Kordia cultivars. The fruits of the cultivar Kordia had the highest fruit and stone weight, flesh ratio, stalk length, fruit width as well as fruit shape index. The cultivar Early Lory had the highest fruit width and thickness. Based on the results, the cultivar Kordia showed the best results of physical properties of the fruit compared to the cultivar Early Lory and Regina.
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Weinstein, Abigail, Andreina Sojo, Ji Yoon Bae, Laia Mogas-Soldevila y Yuanyi Cen. "CanoPIT: Valorizing Unavoidable Fruit Waste into Printable Biomaterial Surfaces for Participatory Learning". En 112th ACSA Annual Meeting. ACSA Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.112.38.
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CanoPIT proposes a canopy structure composed of fruit-based biomaterials that transforms unavoidable food waste from stone fruits into bio-based printable blends outputting strong, healthy, biodegradable, and functional large-scale surfaces. The interdisciplinary approach combines biomaterial blend development and hierarchical additive fabrication technology to develop a multi-layered bio-surface with multiple benefits, acting as (1) seasonal weather protection for community events, (2) educational beacons for a waste-free sustainable materials future, and (3) testing platforms collecting data to channel future design for decay.
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Miloševic, Nebojša, Ivana Glisic, Milena Đorđevic, Sanja Radičevic y Slađana Maric. "ISPITIVANJE SORTI ŠLJIVE RANOG VREMENA SAZREVANJA PLODA NA PODRUČJU ČAČKA". En SAVETOVANJE o biotehnologiji sa međunarodnim učešćem. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt26.151m.
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Although there are more than 6000 plum varieties originated from different wild species from Europe, Asia and North America, there is a constant need to develop new varieties with better characteristics, tolerant/resistant to adverse environmental factors and the most important diseases, in the first place Sharka virus. In addition, one of the most important aims of plum breeding in the world is to create varieties of early and late ripening time in order to prolong the season of fresh fruits on the market as much as possible. The aim of this study was to examine the most significant pomological and productive characteristics of two domestic (ʻBorankaʼ and ʻC ačanska ranaʼ) and three introduced (ʻOpalʼ, ʻKatinkaʼ and ʻTegeraʼ) early ripening plum varieties. The most important phenological (phenophase of flowering and fruit ripening) and morphometric characteristics (fruit and stone mass, flesh percentage ratio, fruit dimensions and sphericity), as well as tree vigour (trunk cross-sectional area) and yield (yield per tree and yield efficiency) were examined.
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Nozdracheva, R. y R. Kostennikov. "PECULIARITIES OF CHERRY PROPAGATION ON CLONAL ROOTSTOCKS". En FORESTRY-BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF SUSTAINABILITY OF NATURAL AND ARTIFICIAL PHYTOCOENOSES. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58168/fbfsnap2024_242-248.
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Cherry is a fruit stone fruit crop, popular in many countries of the world and on the territory of the Russian Federation. Cherry fruits are valued for their dessert and delicate taste, high content of nutrients. It is consumed fresh and processed. Cherries are especially suitable for making compotes. Breeders have created many varieties of cherries for different soil and climatic conditions. Cherry varieties differ in color and ripening of fruits. The trees are tall, have a spreading and sparse crown, and require regular pruning. To create cherry varieties with small-sized crowns, it is necessary to select compact crowns and propagate cherry varieties on clonal rootstocks. Scientific studies on the propagation of cherries on vegetatively propagated rootstocks indicate a decrease in the growth activity of annual seedlings in the fruit nursery, and shortening of the central trunk of seedlings (tweezing) allows you to increase the formation of side shoots at a given height and form a crown in annual cherry seedlings. It has been established that the studied cherry varieties when grafted on clonal rootstocks VSL-1 and LC-52 provide good survival in the nursery, high yield of planting material, but the growth and development of seedlings depends on variety-rootstock combinations.
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Zhang, Minghua, Adam Hale y Eike Luedeling. "Feasibility of Using Remote Sensing Techniques to Detect Spider Mite Damage in Stone Fruit Orchards". En IGARSS 2008 - 2008 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/igarss.2008.4778859.
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Anwar, M., M. G. Rasul y N. Ashwath. "Combustion characteristics of an agricultural diesel engine fuelled with papaya and stone fruit biodiesel: A comparison". En 2019 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Renewable Energy and Power Engineering (REPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/repe48501.2019.9025129.
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Иордосопол, Елена y Валентина Маевский. "Новые аспекты в комплексе паразитов чешуекрылых вредителей сливы и этологии сливовой толстоножки". En International Scientific Symposium "Plant Protection – Achievements and Prospects". Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, Republic of Moldova, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.53040/9789975347204.12.
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This work contains information on the role of nectar-bearing grasses in attracting parasites of the main plum pests, their localization and the formation of entomological microreserves, comparing it with the seasonal dynamics of the number of the main plum pests Grapholitha funebrana Tr, G. molestae B, Anarsia lineatela L. On the ethological aspects of the stone fruit pest of the plum Eurytoma schreneri S. in comparison to different varieties of plum.
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Malasheva, Petya, Valentin Kazandjiev y Veska Georgieva. "PECULIARITIES IN THE INITIAL STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT FOR SOME FRUIT TREES, DEPENDING ON THE TEMPERATURE CONDITIONS". En 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/4.1/s19.45.
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The last decade has been characterized by an increased frequency of climatic anomalies and their amplitude. These anomalies affect the productivity of crops and orchards, which is directly dependent on agro-meteorological conditions. The registered tendencies to change the hydrothermal conditions in the different regions of the country sometimes are a risk factor for their productivity, especially in the initial phenological stages of the development of the fruit trees. Bud dormancy on the fruit trees from the temperate zones is a phase of development that occurs annually and enables trees to survive cold winters. To estimate the chill requirements of orchards, besides temperature data, three chronological dates must be defined: the chill accumulation start date, the deep dormancy breaking date, and the date of eco dormancy end. This study aims to assess the thermal conditions in the initial stages of development of some stone fruit plants grown in Bulgaria. There were analyzed the conditions during the deep dormancy in the orchards and the permanent transition of the average daily temperature above 5�C. Chilling requirements for breaking dormancy were studied for some peach, cherry, and apricot cultivars, located in the regions for industrial producing of these plants. The Utah chilling unit model was used to measure the accumulation of chilling requirements.
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"The collection of stone fruit cultures of the SBI SO SRI “Zhigulevskiye sady” – mobilization, studying, the prospects of use". En Plant Genetics, Genomics, Bioinformatics, and Biotechnology. Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18699/plantgen2019-041.
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Anwar, M., M. G. Rasul y N. Ashwath. "A comparative study of engine performance and emission characteristics of biodiesels produced from the waste seeds of papaya and stone fruit". En 2019 IEEE 2nd International Conference on Renewable Energy and Power Engineering (REPE). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/repe48501.2019.9025112.
Texto completoInformes sobre el tema "Stone fruit"
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Erez, Amnon, M. W. Williams, Yosef Ben-Tal, B. Avidan, E. A. Curry y A. N. Reed. Chemical Control of Excessive Vegetative Growth of Fruit Trees with Emphasis on Stone Fruit Species. United States Department of Agriculture, septiembre de 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1985.7566573.bard.
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Isaacson, Tal, Ksenija Gasic, Douglas Bielenberg, Efraim Lewinsohn y Doron Holland. Understanding the molecular basis of carotenoid synthesis and accumulation in stone fruits: A platform to enhance fruit value. United States Department of Agriculture, enero de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604268.bard.
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Bostock, Richard M., Dov Prusky y Martin Dickman. Redox Climate in Quiescence and Pathogenicity of Postharvest Fungal Pathogens. United States Department of Agriculture, mayo de 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7586466.bard.
Texto completoResumen
Monilinia fructicola causes brown rot blossom blight and fruit rot in stone fruits. Immature fruit are highly resistant to brown rot but can become infected. These infections typically remain superficial and quiescent until they become active upon maturation of the fruit. High levels of chlorogenic acid (CGA) and related compounds occur in the peel of immature fruit but these levels decline during ripening. CGA inhibits cutinase expression, a putative virulence factor, with little or no effect on spore germination or hyphal growth. To better understand the regulation of cutinase expression by fruit phenolics, we examined the effect of CGA, caffeic acid (CA) and related compounds on the redox potential of the growth medium and intracellular glutathione (GSH) levels. The presence of CA in the medium initially lowered the electrochemical redox potential of the medium, increased GSH levels and inhibited cutinase expression. Conidia germinated in the presence of CA, CGA, or GSH produced fewer appressoria and had elongated germ tubes compared to the controls. These results suggest that host redox compounds can regulate fungal infectivity. In order to genetically manipulate this fungus, a transformation system using Agrobacterium was developed. The binary transformation vector, pPTGFPH, was constructed from the plasmid pCT74, carrying green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by the ToxA promoter of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and hygromycin B phosphotransferase (hph) under control of the trpC promoter of from Aspergillus nidulans, and the binary vector pCB403.2, carrying neomycin phosphotransferase (nptII) between the T-DNA borders. Macroconidia of M. fructicola were coincubated with A. tumefaciens strain LBA 4404(pPTGFPH) on media containing acetosyringone for two days. Hygromycin- and G418-resistant M. fructicola transformants were selected while inhibiting A. tumefaciens with cefotaxime. Transformants expressing GFP fluoresced brightly, and were formed with high efficiency and frequency of T-DNA integration frequency. The use of these transformants for in situ studies on stone fruit tissues is discussed.
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Audsley, Neil, Gonzalo Avila, Claudio Ioratti, Valerie Caron, Chiara Ferracini, Tibor Bukovinszki, Marc Kenis et al. Plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst). Euphresco, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240228457.
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The plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar, is a native pest of North America, predominantly affecting stone and pome fruits, such as peaches, apricots, nectarines and apples. Its damage, caused by oviposition and larval feeding, leads to scarring, premature fruit drop and deformities, posing significant economic challenges to orchard production. Control methods, including chemical treatments and biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes, have proven challenging due to the development of the pest inside the fruit and unpredictable population dynamics. While classical biological control efforts have not been undertaken due to the limited distribution of the pest, several parasitoid species have been identified as potential natural enemies. However, their effectiveness in controlling plum curculio remains uncertain, with variable rates of parasitism reported across different studies and locations. Further research is needed to assess the potential of parasitoids and other natural enemies for managing plum curculio populations effectively.
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Audsley, Neil, Gonzalo Avila, Claudio Ioratti, Valerie Caron, Chiara Ferracini, Tibor Bukovinszki, Marc Kenis et al. Red necked longicorn, Aromia bungii (Faldermann). Euphresco, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240228447.
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The red necked longicorn (RNL), Aromia bungii (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae), originates from eastern Asia and has become an invasive pest in Japan, Germany and Italy. Predominantly attacking stone fruit trees (Prunus spp.), RNL larvae tunnel within the cambium layer, disrupting sap flow and potentially killing the host tree. The pest poses a significant threat to both fruit production and wood production. It is considered a quarantine species in Europe, capable of spreading through wood products and plants for planting. There has been no classical biological control implemented against RNL. However, potential natural enemies include the generalist parasitoids Sclerodermus guani and Sclerodermus harmandi (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae). S. guani has shown a parasitism rate of 43% in laboratory studies and has been used in China for controlling forest pests. Other potential natural enemies include generalist predators and parasitoids, such as Dastarcus helophoroides (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae), which has been used in combination with entomopathogenic nematodes for biological control in China, and species of Braconidae and Ichneumonidae. Despite their potential, the broad host range of these natural enemies raises concerns about non-target effects.
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Audsley, Neil, Gonzalo Avila, Claudio Ioratti, Valerie Caron, Chiara Ferracini, Tibor Bukovinszki, Marc Kenis et al. False Codling Moth, Thaumatotibia leucotreta (Meyrick). Euphresco, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/20240228687.
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The false codling moth (Thaumatotibia leucotreta) is a major polyphagous pest native to sub-Saharan Africa, affecting over 50 crop species, including citrus, stone fruits, nuts, arable crops, grapevines and vegetables. Larval feeding causes significant damage to fruits, leading to premature ripening and yield losses. The pest, present year-round due to its lack of diapause, is found in African countries and Israel and can spread through trade. Strict phytosanitary measures are required to prevent its spread, impacting trade markets. There are no classical biological control programs for this pest. Promising biological control agents include the egg parasitoid Trichogrammatoidea cryptophlebiae and the larval parasitoid Agathis bishop, both native to southern Africa. Additionally, the entomopathogenic virus Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (CrleGV) has been used against it in citrus.
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Aharoni, Asaph, Zhangjun Fei, Efraim Lewinsohn, Arthur Schaffer y Yaakov Tadmor. System Approach to Understanding the Metabolic Diversity in Melon. United States Department of Agriculture, julio de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2013.7593400.bard.
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Fruit quality is determined by numerous genetic factors that affect taste, aroma, color, texture, nutritional value and shelf life. To unravel the genetic components involved in the metabolic pathways behind these traits, the major goal of the project was to identify novel genes that are involved in, or that regulate, these pathways using correlation analysis between genotype, metabolite and gene expression data. The original and specific research objectives were: (1) Collection of replicated fruit from a population of 96 RI lines derived from parents distinguished by great diversity in fruit development and quality phenotypes, (2) Phenotypic and metabolic profiling of mature fruit from all 96 RI lines and their parents, (3) 454 pyrosequencing of cDNA representing mRNA of mature fruit from each line to facilitate gene expression analysis based on relative EST abundance, (4) Development of a database modeled after an existing database developed for tomato introgression lines (ILs) to facilitate online data analysis by members of this project and by researchers around the world. The main functions of the database will be to store and present metabolite and gene expression data so that correlations can be drawn between variation in target traits or metabolites across the RI population members and variation in gene expression to identify candidate genes which may impact phenotypic and chemical traits of interest, (5) Selection of RI lines for segregation and/or hybridization (crosses) analysis to ascertain whether or not genes associated with traits through gene expression/metabolite correlation analysis are indeed contributors to said traits. The overall research strategy was to utilize an available recombinant inbred population of melon (Cucumis melo L.) derived from phenotypically diverse parents and for which over 800 molecular markers have been mapped for the association of metabolic trait and gene expression QTLs. Transcriptomic data were obtained by high throughput sequencing using the Illumina platform instead of the originally planned 454 platform. The change was due to the fast advancement and proven advantages of the Illumina platform, as explained in the first annual scientific report. Metabolic data were collected using both targeted (sugars, organic acids, carotenoids) and non-targeted metabolomics analysis methodologies. Genes whose expression patterns were associated with variation of particular metabolites or fruit quality traits represent candidates for the molecular mechanisms that underlie them. Candidate genes that may encode enzymes catalyzingbiosynthetic steps in the production of volatile compounds of interest, downstream catabolic processes of aromatic amino acids and regulatory genes were selected and are in the process of functional analyses. Several of these are genes represent unanticipated effectors of compound accumulation that could not be identified using traditional approaches. According to the original plan, the Cucurbit Genomics Network (http://www.icugi.org/), developed through an earlier BARD project (IS-3333-02), was expanded to serve as a public portal for the extensive metabolomics and transcriptomic data resulting from the current project. Importantly, this database was also expanded to include genomic and metabolomic resources of all the cucurbit crops, including genomes of cucumber and watermelon, EST collections, genetic maps, metabolite data and additional information. In addition, the database provides tools enabling researchers to identify genes, the expression patterns of which correlate with traits of interest. The project has significantly expanded the existing EST resource for melon and provides new molecular tools for marker-assisted selection. This information will be opened to the public by the end of 2013, upon the first publication describing the transcriptomic and metabolomics resources developed through the project. In addition, well-characterized RI lines are available to enable targeted breeding for genes of interest. Segregation of the RI lines for specific metabolites of interest has been shown, demonstrating the utility in these lines and our new molecular and metabolic data as a basis for selection targeting specific flavor, quality, nutritional and/or defensive compounds. To summarize, all the specific goals of the project have been achieved and in many cases exceeded. Large scale trascriptomic and metabolomic resources have been developed for melon and will soon become available to the community. The usefulness of these has been validated. A number of novel genes involved in fruit ripening have been selected and are currently being functionally analyzed. We thus fully addressed our obligations to the project. In our view, however, the potential value of the project outcomes as ultimately manifested may be far greater than originally anticipated. The resources developed and expanded under this project, and the tools created for using them will enable us, and others, to continue to employ resulting data and discoveries in future studies with benefits both in basic and applied agricultural - scientific research.
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Ramm-Granberg, Tynan, F. Rocchio, Catharine Copass, Rachel Brunner y Eric Nelsen. Revised vegetation classification for Mount Rainier, North Cascades, and Olympic national parks: Project summary report. National Park Service, febrero de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2284511.
Texto completoResumen
Field crews recently collected more than 10 years of classification and mapping data in support of the North Coast and Cascades Inventory and Monitoring Network (NCCN) vegetation maps of Mount Rainier (MORA), Olympic (OLYM), and North Cascades (NOCA) National Parks. Synthesis and analysis of these 6000+ plots by Washington Natural Heritage Program (WNHP) and Institute for Natural Resources (INR) staff built on the foundation provided by the earlier classification work of Crawford et al. (2009). These analyses provided support for most of the provisional plant associations in Crawford et al. (2009), while also revealing previously undescribed vegetation types that were not represented in the United States National Vegetation Classification (USNVC). Both provisional and undescribed types have since been submitted to the USNVC by WNHP staff through a peer-reviewed process. NCCN plots were combined with statewide forest and wetland plot data from the US Forest Service (USFS) and other sources to create a comprehensive data set for Washington. Analyses incorporated Cluster Analysis, Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMS), Multi-Response Permutation Procedure (MRPP), and Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) to identify, vet, and describe USNVC group, alliance, and association distinctions. The resulting revised classification contains 321 plant associations in 99 alliances. A total of 54 upland associations were moved through the peer review process and are now part of the USNVC. Of those, 45 were provisional or preliminary types from Crawford et al. (2009), with 9 additional new associations that were originally identified by INR. WNHP also revised the concepts of 34 associations, wrote descriptions for 2 existing associations, eliminated/archived 2 associations, and created 4 new upland alliances. Finally, WNHP created 27 new wetland alliances and revised or clarified an additional 21 as part of this project (not all of those occur in the parks). This report and accompanying vegetation descriptions, keys and synoptic and environmental tables (all products available from the NPS Data Store project reference: https://irma.nps.gov/DataStore/Reference/Profile/2279907) present the fruit of these combined efforts: a comprehensive, up-to-date vegetation classification for the three major national parks of Washington State.