Tesis: "SPS (Organization)"

1

Bon, Veronica <1994&gt. "Time and Speed as competitive leverages: the Agile Organization and the Fast Fashion". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15418.

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Questo eleborato tratterà del tema del tempo. Analizzerò il tempo dal punto di vista della sua velocità (speed) e come esso abbia cambiato il modo di lavorare all'interno delle organizzazioni. Partendo dal fenomeno dell'Agile Organization, mi concentrerò poi sul fenomeno della Fast Fashion, ne studierò le sue peculiarità partendo dall'analisi di Zerubavel riguardante le quattro temporal regulrity e ne presenterò anche il suo dark side (slow fashion)

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2

Inguaggiato, Carla. "Agrarian reform, social movements and Community Based Organization: the emergence of new organizational forms? A case study in Northeast Brazil". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368516.

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There is an on-going debate on the effects of participatory development interventions; some scholars claim that participation is the key driver of change while others show that these interventions are vulnerable to unintended consequences and often only empower the already leading elites. The Brazilian agrarian reform created a large migration flow into villages inside sugar cane plantations (engenhos) that became agrarian reform settlements (assentamentos). The main novelties in assentamentos are the presence of households with heterogeneous background and free use of land. The main question is whether the agrarian reform and producersâ€™ cooperatives supported the emergence in assentamentos of new forms of social organization. This research argues that that impact of development intervention is not only related to participants but to the entire target social structure. Applying theory of adaptiveness, the main hypothesis is that the capacity of assentamentos to respond to the changes promoted by these external interventions depends on the level of overlap between multiple social networks that define the social structure of assentamentos. This research explores qualitatively and quantitatively the network formation of three assentamentos in Northeast Brazil. Furthermore it analyzes how one cooperative supporting family farming influences and it is influenced by the social network structure. The agrarian reform and the creation of a producersâ€™ cooperative can be considered as participatory interventions, as they were community driven. The unit of analysis is the household. Households are the nodes in the network. Villages are considered as social relational systems. The analysis focuses on the study of multiple networks that connect households in each village. By analyzing three agrarian reform settlements that were created by three different social movements, the research shows that different householdsâ€™ recruitment strategies and different villagesâ€™ histories led to different village composition and social processes behind network formation. Family farming plays a crucial role in allowing for the possibility to create new rural villages that differ from previous sugar cane plantation production units. The possibility of family farming to become a relevant livelihood strategy is associated with the features of villagesâ€™ social networks. The producersâ€™ cooperative, supporting the introduction of new labor-intensive crops and guaranteeing a market for some crops, sustains family farming employment network. However the brokering role of the cooperative is hampered by the cooperative political positioning and by the path of specialization towards high value and labor-intensive crops.

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3

Inguaggiato, Carla. "Agrarian reform, social movements and Community Based Organization: the emergence of new organizational forms? A case study in Northeast Brazil". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2014. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1189/2/Inguaggiato_Carla_Doctoral_Thesis.pdf.

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There is an on-going debate on the effects of participatory development interventions; some scholars claim that participation is the key driver of change while others show that these interventions are vulnerable to unintended consequences and often only empower the already leading elites. The Brazilian agrarian reform created a large migration flow into villages inside sugar cane plantations (engenhos) that became agrarian reform settlements (assentamentos). The main novelties in assentamentos are the presence of households with heterogeneous background and free use of land. The main question is whether the agrarian reform and producers’ cooperatives supported the emergence in assentamentos of new forms of social organization. This research argues that that impact of development intervention is not only related to participants but to the entire target social structure. Applying theory of adaptiveness, the main hypothesis is that the capacity of assentamentos to respond to the changes promoted by these external interventions depends on the level of overlap between multiple social networks that define the social structure of assentamentos. This research explores qualitatively and quantitatively the network formation of three assentamentos in Northeast Brazil. Furthermore it analyzes how one cooperative supporting family farming influences and it is influenced by the social network structure. The agrarian reform and the creation of a producers’ cooperative can be considered as participatory interventions, as they were community driven. The unit of analysis is the household. Households are the nodes in the network. Villages are considered as social relational systems. The analysis focuses on the study of multiple networks that connect households in each village. By analyzing three agrarian reform settlements that were created by three different social movements, the research shows that different households’ recruitment strategies and different villages’ histories led to different village composition and social processes behind network formation. Family farming plays a crucial role in allowing for the possibility to create new rural villages that differ from previous sugar cane plantation production units. The possibility of family farming to become a relevant livelihood strategy is associated with the features of villages’ social networks. The producers’ cooperative, supporting the introduction of new labor-intensive crops and guaranteeing a market for some crops, sustains family farming employment network. However the brokering role of the cooperative is hampered by the cooperative political positioning and by the path of specialization towards high value and labor-intensive crops.

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4

AMOROSI, LUCIA. "A PRIVATE BUSINESS.THE ROLE OF EMPLOYMENT AGENCIES IN THE ORGANIZATION OF DOMESTIC WORK". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/932990.

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in my PhD thesis I analyze the impact of both for-profit and non-for-profit labour intermediaries on the organization of domestic work in Italy. I focus on the impact these intermediaries may have on the high rate of labour informality defining domestic work, as well as on the condition of invisibility of migrant domestic workers, and on the racialized and gendered stereotypes defining this sector.

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5

Lavorgna, Anita. "Transit crimes in the Internet age: How new online criminal opportunities affect the organization of offline transit crimes". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368968.

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There is a general consensus that the Internet has expanded possibilities for so-called transit crimesâ€”i.e., traditional trafficking activities. However, the extent to which the Internet is exploited by offenders to carry out transit crimes and the way in which it has changed those offendersâ€™ behaviors and the criminal processes remains under- investigated. The aim of this thesis is to understand what kind of criminal opportunities the Internet offers for conducting transit crimes and how these opportunities affect the organization of transit crimes, as concerns both the carrying out of the criminal activity and the patterns of relations in and among criminal networks. In order to achieve this goal, a model of script analysisâ€”a way to highlight the sequence of actions that are carried out for a determinate criminal activity to occurâ€” was developed in order to classify the criminal opportunities that the Internet supplies for selected transit crimes (wildlife trafficking, trafficking in counterfeit medicines, sex trafficking, and trafficking in recreational drugs), to identify cyber-hotspots, and to allow a richer and deeper understanding of the dynamics of Internet-mediated transit crimes. The data were collected by means of case study research and semi-structured interviews to law enforcement officers and acknowledged experts. For each criminal activity considered, through the script framework it has been possible to identify different types of criminal opportunities provided by the Internet. The empirical evidence presented demonstrates that the criminal markets considered have becomeâ€”even if to a different extentâ€”hybrid markets which combine the traditional social and economic opportunity structures with the new one provided by the Internet. Among other findings, this research indicates that not only has the Internet opened the way for new criminal actors, but it also has reconfigured relations among suppliers, intermediaries, and buyers. Furthermore, results were compared across transit crimes to illustrate whether and to what extent Internet usage impacts them differently. The differences seem to depend primarily on the social perception of the seriousness of the criminal activity, on the place it fills in the law enforcement agenda, and on the characteristics of the actors involved. This study, albeit with limitations, provides an accurate description of the Internet as crime facilitator for transit crimes. It concludes by highlighting the possibilities of environmental criminology as a theoretical framework to investigate Internet-mediated transit crimes, offering some final observations on how relevant actors behave online, and suggesting new directions for research.

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6

BOSCH, EVA MARTINA. "'Self-Organization' of welfare-services in deprived and wealthier urban neighborhoods in the Dutch Participation Society". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/110692.

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This dissertation investigates the Dutch policy turn towards more volunteering in neighborhood-based welfare services, and its effects on poorer and wealthier urban neighbourhoods. Over the last two decades, various Western European governments have become more attentive and supportive to citizens’ voluntary organisations in the fields of social cohesion, care and emancipation in the neighbourhood. In the UK, the so-called ‘Big Society’ policy frame has become very influential. Inspired by this example, the Dutch national government has expressed that the Dutch welfare state is to transform into a ‘participation society’. The dissertation project empirically tests one of the critiques on the Dutch participation society. This critique holds that deprived urban areas have less potential to self-organize welfare services and that, consequently, the level and quality of welfare services will be lower in these neighborhoods than in richer neighborhoods. Therefore it is feared that more support for welfare self-organisation will eventually exacerbate existing social inequality in the city. The research has consisted of interviews and observations of almost all year-round welfare service providing volunteer groups in four Rotterdam neighbourhoods. This showed that the groups are actually more numerous in the poorer than in the wealthier research neighbourhoods: the deprived areas have twice as many groups. Analysis of all 2014 funding applications to the Rotterdam Resident Initiative fund, also shows that deprived boroughs have more groups than wealthier boroughs. To understand deprived neighbourhoods’ higher number of groups per inhabitant, it proves necessary to look also at self-organization leaders’ motivations for volunteering. My interview data indicate that for many higher educated leaders, volunteering is related to paid work. In the second place, higher educated leaders working in low-income neighbourhoods are quite often ethnic minority volunteers who work to help their own ethnic group. Thirdly, I found that many volunteers are non-working citizens (retired or unemployed) who are motivated by the opportunities for social contact and useful or pleasurable occupation of their leisure time. The motivation perspective helps to explain why more groups were found in the deprived research neighbourhoods: in these areas also more un(der)employed people and ethnic minority communities are present. Furthermore, the research investigates how the socio-economic profile of the neighbourhood influences volunteer groups’ opportunities to acquire material resources they need. It finds that the municipality strongly supports that residents make application to its funding program, especially in the deprived neighbourhoods, but that due to budget cuts this funding is often less generous than before. Together, the empirical data show that the relatively large number of self-organizations in the lower income research neighborhoods is mostly due to higher activation. It also indicates that the services that are self-organised in Rotterdam’s participation society are often well adapted to local welfare needs. At the same time, this self-organised welfare landscape is quite fragmented along ethnic lines and sometimes also class lines. Furthermore, the supply of welfare services is difficult to supervise or steer for local government. Lastly, even though deprived neighborhoods have relatively more welfare service groups, this is still a very small number in absolute terms, and the losses that come with Rotterdam’s participation society policies are most tangible in these areas. They used to have much more state-funded welfare services than the wealthier areas of the city. The fact that these have been largely scaled down in budget cut operations, impacts residents’ daily life more strongly in the deprived than in the wealthier neighbourhoods.

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7

STROEHLE, JUDITH CHRISTINA. "CONDITIONS OF IMPACT. ORGANIZATION AND CONTEXT OF EFFECTIVE MULTI-STAKEHOLDER LABOUR GOVERNANCE IN GLOBAL VALUE CHAINS". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/574480.

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In vista dei limiti della gestione aziendale unilaterale, le cosiddette iniziative multi-stakeholder (MSI) ci sono progressivamente moltiplicate per affrontare la regolamentazione degli standard internazionali del lavoro nella catena globale del valore, utilizzando le leve e gli strumenti dei più svariati attori, tra cui governi, sindacati e ONG. L'emergere di queste MSI è legata alla convinzione che una maggiore collaborazione porti a una gestione del lavoro più efficace (World Bank, 2015). Le diverse iniziative di collaborazione suggeriscono però che la realtà sia più complessa. Fattori come il coinvolgimento delle parti interessate, la configurazione organizzativa e il contesto locale possono influire notevolmente sui risultati della loro gestione e, in ultima analisi, sul loro successo. Mentre gli studi sulla governance privata del lavoro hanno considerato separatamente ciascuno di questi fattori, non esiste a oggi uno studio che esamini in maniera congiunta l'impatto dei fattori interni ed esterni sul successo della governance collaborativa tramite le MSI. Il presente lavoro si propone di contribuire a colmare questo divario prendendo in esame i casi dell'associazione Fair Labor Association (FLA) e il programma Better Work dell'International Labour Organization (ILO), con una strategia di ricerca quantitativa e qualitativa. In primo luogo, la ricerca fornisce un approfondimento sulle caratteristiche della governance collaborativa offrendo una nuova e completa classificazione delle MSI sulla regolazione del lavoro, considerando le dimensioni del campo di applicazione delle iniziative, della compliance e della funzione delle stesse. Lo studio di caso comparato sottolinea ulteriormente la rilevanza delle dinamiche tra livelli di collaborazione e qualità di governance. In secondo luogo, la ricerca esamina l’impatto dei fattori esterni analizzando i dati sulla social compliance di FLA e Better Work, presentando nuovi risultati che svelano l'impatto delle caratteristiche della supply chain, del contesto istituzionale e del ruolo statale sullo sviluppo della social compliance a fronte di diversi standard di lavoro. La ricerca sottolinea in modo specifico la diversa tangibilità organizzativa dei diritti ammissibili e osservabili (Barrientos e Smith, 2007) e la rilevanza della regolamentazione nazionale del lavoro, nonché del commercio, per promuovere efficacemente gli standard internazionali del lavoro.
As an answer to the limits of unilateral, corporate labour governance, so-called multi-stakeholder initiatives (MSIs) have increasingly emerged to tackle the regulation of labour standards in global value chains (GVCs), making use of the leverage and tools of more diverse actors, including governments, trade unions and NGOs. The emergence of these MSIs is linked to the belief, that higher collaboration leads to more successful labour governance (World Bank, 2015). The diversity among collaborative initiatives suggests however that the reality is more complex. Factors such as the involvement of specific stakeholders, the organizational setup and the initiative’s local environments can all heavily affect their governance-outcomes, and ultimately their success. Whereas studies on private labour governance have considered each of these factors separately, so far there is no consorted effort which examines the impact of both internal and external conditions on the success of collaborative global labour governance through MSIs. Examining the Fair Labor Association (FLA) and the ILO’s Better Work Program, this dissertation contributes to fill this gap with a quantitative-qualitative research strategy. First, it gives insights into the internal conditions of collaborative governance by offering a new and comprehensive classification of labour-regulating MSIs, using dimensions of scope, membership and function. Through a comparative case-study, the research further uncovers re-enforcing dynamics between levels of collaborativeness and governance-quality. Second, external conditions are examined by analysing FLA’s and Better Work’s social compliance data. Here, the dissertation presents novel findings which unravel the impact of supply-chain characteristics, institutional environments and state roles on the development of social compliance with diverse labour standards. The research specifically highlights the distinct organizational tangibility of enabling and observable rights (Barrientos and Smith, 2007) and the relevance of national labour market regulation as well as controlled trade de-regulation for effective public reinforcement of global labour standards.

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8

Lavorgna, Anita. "Transit crimes in the Internet age: How new online criminal opportunities affect the organization of offline transit crimes". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2014. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/1185/1/PhD_Dissertation_Lavorgna.pdf.

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There is a general consensus that the Internet has expanded possibilities for so-called transit crimes—i.e., traditional trafficking activities. However, the extent to which the Internet is exploited by offenders to carry out transit crimes and the way in which it has changed those offenders’ behaviors and the criminal processes remains under- investigated. The aim of this thesis is to understand what kind of criminal opportunities the Internet offers for conducting transit crimes and how these opportunities affect the organization of transit crimes, as concerns both the carrying out of the criminal activity and the patterns of relations in and among criminal networks. In order to achieve this goal, a model of script analysis—a way to highlight the sequence of actions that are carried out for a determinate criminal activity to occur— was developed in order to classify the criminal opportunities that the Internet supplies for selected transit crimes (wildlife trafficking, trafficking in counterfeit medicines, sex trafficking, and trafficking in recreational drugs), to identify cyber-hotspots, and to allow a richer and deeper understanding of the dynamics of Internet-mediated transit crimes. The data were collected by means of case study research and semi-structured interviews to law enforcement officers and acknowledged experts. For each criminal activity considered, through the script framework it has been possible to identify different types of criminal opportunities provided by the Internet. The empirical evidence presented demonstrates that the criminal markets considered have become—even if to a different extent—hybrid markets which combine the traditional social and economic opportunity structures with the new one provided by the Internet. Among other findings, this research indicates that not only has the Internet opened the way for new criminal actors, but it also has reconfigured relations among suppliers, intermediaries, and buyers. Furthermore, results were compared across transit crimes to illustrate whether and to what extent Internet usage impacts them differently. The differences seem to depend primarily on the social perception of the seriousness of the criminal activity, on the place it fills in the law enforcement agenda, and on the characteristics of the actors involved. This study, albeit with limitations, provides an accurate description of the Internet as crime facilitator for transit crimes. It concludes by highlighting the possibilities of environmental criminology as a theoretical framework to investigate Internet-mediated transit crimes, offering some final observations on how relevant actors behave online, and suggesting new directions for research.

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9

Machado, Ricardo de Queiroz. "Analise do perfil das restrições comerciais à carne bovina nos acordos SPS e TBT". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-10072007-102708/.

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As questões sanitárias e técnicas assumem uma importância crescente no âmbito das negociações internacionais. Diante disto, este trabalho busca verificar o perfil das medidas dessa natureza, que afetam o mercado internacional de carne bovina. Para tanto, foram utilizadas como principais fontes de dados, as notificações aos Acordos sobre Barreiras Técnicas (TBT) e para aplicação de Medidas Sanitárias e Fitossanitárias (SPS) da Organização Mundial do Comercio. Os países analisados foram Brasil, Chile, Estados Unidos e União Européia, no período entre 1995 e 2005. Totalizaram 536 notificações relacionadas a bovinos e carne bovina. Como instrumento metodológico para sua avaliação, este trabalho baseou-se no conjunto de critérios proposto por Josling, Orden e Roberts (2004). Como resultados, revelaram-se algumas tendências a partir desse processo de notificação. A União Européia tem sido o país mais freqüentemente alvo de questionamentos de suas medidas sanitárias no âmbito das Preocupações Comerciais Específicas (STC). Em grande parte, as notificações analisadas, para o período estudado trataram principalmente de controles aduaneiros sanitários. A doença da vaca louca e a da febre aftosa respondem pela maior parte dos regulamentos aplicados pelos países sobre o mercado de carne bovina. Ademais, a maior parte das notificações refere-se a medidas reativas aos eventos sanitários que ocorreram nos países, visando impedir sua entrada em países livres das mesmas. Os regulamentos, tanto notificados junto ao SPS quanto ao TBT, evidenciaram uma tendência crescente de controlar produtos que utilizam derivados de bovinos em sua composição, como cosméticos e drogas, bem como um controle sobre produtos que servem de alimentação animal.
The sanitary and technical issues present a growing importance in the scope of international negotiations. Therefore, this work aims to analyze the profile of measures of this kind, which affect the international beef market. Thus, it was used as main sources of data, the notifications to the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) and to the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Agreement (SPS) from the World Trade Organization. The countries analyzed were Brazil, Chile, the United States and the European Union, between 1995 and 2005. It was totalled 536 notifications regarding bovine and beef. As a methodologic instrument of evaluation, this paper was based on a set of criteria proposed by Josling, Orden and Roberts (2004). As results, some trends were identified from this notification process. The European Union has been the most questioned player related to its sanitary measures in the scope of Specific Trade Concerns (STC). Most analyzed notifications, for the period considered, focused on sanitary customs controls, mainly. The mad cow and the Foot-and-Mouth diseases account for most applied regulations by countries as for the beef market. Moreover, most part notifications refer to reactive measures to sanitary outbreaks, aiming to prevent them from spreading to other countries. The regulations, both notified to the SPS and TBT, showed an increasing tendency to control goods that use bovine derivates in their composition, such as cosmetics and drugs, as well as products that are used in animal feeding.

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10

Wiemer, Frederik. "Produktsicherheit und freier Warenverkehr in GATT/WTO : eine Untersuchung von SPS-, TBT-Abkommen und GATT 1994 unter vergleichender Berücksichtigung von Artt. 28, 30 EG /". Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/sbb-berlin/323683568.pdf.

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11

Bondarczuk, Eduardo Henrique. "Funções do Comitê Sanitário e Fitossanitário da Organização Mundial do Comércio : o comitê como foro harmonizador e solucionador de conflitos". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/134405.

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Após a criação do Acordo Geral Sobre Pautas Aduaneiras e Comércio (GATT) em 1947, as barreiras não tarifárias passaram a ser o principal instrumento utilizado pelos países para a proteção do mercado nacional. Os países que buscavam a liberalização do comércio internacional passaram, então, a buscar soluções a fim de conter tais barreiras. Havia uma dificuldade em identificar quando uma medida que restringia o comércio internacional era uma proteção disfarçada ao comércio de quando ela perseguia fins legítimos como a proteção da saúde humana e animal. Com o advento da Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC), alguns acordos anexos foram assinados que visavam diferenciar essas medidas e proteger a liberdade comercial alcançada nas rodadas do GATT. Entre esses acordos, entrou em vigor o Acordo sobre Barreiras Sanitárias e Fitossanitárias (SPS) que trata de medidas que visam proteger a vida e a saúde humana, animal e vegetal. Esse acordo, apesar de essencial para um país exportador de commodities como o Brasil, recebeu pouca atenção da academia jurídica brasileira. Buscando amenizar essa lacuna, o presente trabalho se propôs a aprofundar o estudo do acordo sob uma perspectiva jurídica. Assim, sua origem, seu escopo de aplicação, seus princípios e características, e sua aplicação no Sistema de Solução de Controvérsias (SSC) da OMC são explanados no primeiro capítulo dessa dissertação O Acordo SPS também estabeleceu a criação do Comitê sobre Barreiras Sanitárias e Fitossanitárias (Comitê SPS) que administra a aplicação e o debate dos temas relacionados ao acordo. E é sobre esse comitê que o segundo capítulo dessa pesquisa se debruça. O objetivo da dissertação é demonstrar e melhor compreender que, apesar do comitê possuir diversas funções, duas são de extrema relevância, a saber, seu papel como harmonizador internacional e como solucionador de conflitos. Na persecução desses objetivos, o comitê conta com diversos instrumentos como as notificações e as preocupações comerciais específicas (PCEs) que são estudadas e detalhadas no presente trabalho. Para desenvolver essa pesquisa, foram realizados levantamentos bibliográficos, documentais e jurisprudenciais junto à OMC e a outras instituições e, a partir dos dados coletados, foi aplicado o método hipotético-dedutivo. Os resultados vieram a comprovar e a limitar o escopo da natureza harmonizadora e solucionadora de conflitos do Comitê SPS, esclarecendo os meandros do trabalho diplomático no seio do comitê. Resta claro que o comitê é um ator essencial e ativo no comércio internacional.
After the creation of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1947, the non-tariff barriers have become the main instrument used by countries to protect their national markets. Countries seeking liberalization of international trade began, then, to seek solutions in order to restrain such barriers. There was a difficulty in identifying when a measure that restricting the international trade was a disguised trade protection from when it pursued legitimate purposes such as the protection of the human and animal health and lives. With the advent of the World Trade Organization (WTO), some attachments agreements were signed in order to differentiate between these measures and to protect the free trade achieved in the GATT rounds. Among these agreements, entered into force the Agreement on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Barriers (SPS) that deals with measures to protect human, animal and plant health and lives. This agreement, although essential to a commodities exporter such as Brazil, received little attention from the Brazilian legal academia. Seeking to mitigate this gap, this study aimed to further study the agreement in a legal perspective. Thus, its origin, its scope of application, its principles and features, and its application in the WTO Dispute Settlement System (SSC) are explained in the first chapter of this dissertation. The SPS Agreement also established the creation of the Committee on Sanitary and Phytosanitary Barriers (SPS Committee) that manages the application and discussion of issues related to the agreement. Moreover, it is on this committee that the second chapter of this research focuses The purpose of this research is to demonstrate and to understand that, although the committee has several functions, two are of utmost importance, namely its role as international harmonizer and as conflict solver. In pursuing these objectives, the committee uses several instruments such as the notifications and the specific trade concerns (STCs) that are studied and detailed in this paper. To develop this research, bibliographical, documentary and jurisprudential surveys within the data of WTO and other institutions were conducted, and based on the data collected, it was applied the hypothetical-deductive method. The results came to prove and to define the scope of the SPS Committee as an international harmonizer and as a conflict solver, explaining the intricacies of diplomatic work within the committee. Therefore, it is clear that the committee is an essential and active player in international trade.

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12

Vittori, Francesco. "Feeding Cities. The Potential of Sustainable Agriculture for Economic and Social Development". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/128621.

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Food is becoming an increasingly disputed issue, and food movements have emerged in both the Global North and Global South. Food security and food sovereignty are still influencing the everyday life of almost 1 billion people in the World. Indeed, the agro-industrial food system, based on the ‘Green Revolution’ aim to feed the World, presents several emergencies and negative externalities which have been affecting people, the environment, and both global and local economy. The ongoing financial and economic crisis has strengthened the corporate’s economic and political power and it has exacerbated inequalities. It has also reduced the citizens’ perception of security and the State’s policies effectiveness. To face this scenario, it appears necessary to study how global society is facing these negative externalities. Starting from the recent debate around these emergencies, the increasing industrialization of food production and the Great Recession’s consequences, this dissertation ill present several initiatives emerged over the last twenty years providing a sustainable alternative to this panorama. Specifically, in the first part, through an interdisciplinary approach which overlaps the most recent international scientific contributions, food issues will be presented as the ‘new’ vehicle to re-embed the social within the Market and contention politics. Hence, the literature review allows to better understand the rise of Alternative Food Networks (AFNs) which can lead to a more sustainable way of living and buying food. In the second part, the theoretical nodes opened by the international literature will be faced going beyond the findings gathered through the empirical research. Following a qualitative approach, the research has been developed in two different case-studies: a middle-sized town of Northern Italy (Bergamo), and a middle-sized town of Southern Brazil (Florianópolis). The empirical body consists of four chapters, each focusing on a specific aspect of Alternative Food Networks and each one responds to a specific research question. The first empirical chapter focuses on the discussion of AFNs as a social movement. The attention is directed toward the AFNs as an example of what in literature is labelled as Sustainable Community Movement Organizations (SCMOs). The second chapter considers AFNs evolution during the economic, financial, and social crisis. By combining insights from AFNs literature, the contemporary economic, financial and social crisis, this chapter shows how AFNs are evolving in the Global World. The third empirical chapter displays the ongoing state of the sustainable agriculture within the two studied contexts. It shows the AFNs farmers’ profile, thus their claims, and their perspectives. The fourth chapter focuses on the processes of strengthening AFNs through a specific framework such as Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGSs). The study considers two examples of PGSs: the PGS of Lombardy (Northern Italy) and the Rede Ecovida’s PGS (Southern Brazil). This dissertation aims to collect insights on how sustainable agriculture is shaping new economic social movement organizations and alternative forms of consumption and distribution within the urban areas of both the Global North and the Global South. It focuses on how AFNs were created, who takes part in, and through which pathway they are going to. The key-question behind this work is to investigate how the nature, the organizational form, and the alliances of (and among) different actors, who promote alternative forms of food consumption and distribution, are changing along the time in the urban areas, comparing the insights gathered in both Global North and Global South. This research highlights also how people get collectively engaged in AFNs initiatives, and how these networks are shaped by the economic, social, and cultural institutions. Moreover, this research investigates how the Great Recession has been encouraged or constrained these grassroots collective networks. Finally, specific adopted tools will be considered in a comparative way to understand whether and how they are fostering and strengthening the AFNs framework.

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13

Ahmed, Hassim Sameea. "Salient issues on the global health agenda: how science/policy boundary‐work builds confidence in global governance. An in‐depth study of UNESCO's International Bioethics Committee and the WHO's Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization". Doctoral thesis, Luiss Guido Carli, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11385/201151.

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This study examines the science/policy interactions in global health science and technology governance. It focuses on the institutional design of organizations that sit at the interface of science and policy, conceptualizing them as Boundary Organizations (BOs). The analysis considers how the institutional design of BOs affect boundary-work. The study examines two case studies, UNESCO’s International Bioethics Committee and the WHO’s Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization. The study examines the ways in which boundary-work is carried out and finds that the concept of a BO demonstrates an institutionalization of science/policy interactions and the analysis of these two cases show that there are different ways that boundary-work is practiced as a function of the design of BOs.

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14

PASINI, ANNALISA. "Organizzazione scolastica e disagio giovanile. Un'analisi relazionale". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1107.

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La tesi analizza il modo in cui le organizzazioni scolastiche affrontano il disagio giovanile, verificando se e dove si riscontrino caratteri di relazionalità nella sua gestione e nell’orientamento organizzativo, secondo l’approccio relazionale al welfare. Si tratta di una ricerca qualitativa ed esplorativa, condotta nel sistema educativo della Provincia Autonoma di Trento, attraverso interviste semistrutturate a dirigenti, docenti, ma anche altri professionisti, studenti e famiglie. L’analisi, preceduta da un inquadramento teorico e delle indicazioni istituzionali, focalizza il processo di aiuto sul caso secondo l’ottica relazionale e poi si centra sul piano organizzativo, per osservare in tre elementi – finalità, persone e mezzi dell’organizzazione – come l’assunzione di una prospettiva relazionale possa attivare nella scuola pratiche di care in grado di migliorare il benessere degli studenti. L’analisi mostra che, soprattutto nella formazione professionale trentina, il presupposto della care appare abbastanza condiviso ma spesso non si traduce in veri e propri processi relazionali. Un punto critico riguarda l’attivazione di reti riflessive paritarie con le famiglie e gli studenti. Una potenzialità innovativa è invece espressa in alcuni istituti dove l’assetto organizzativo funziona almeno in parte secondo logiche relazionali: ciò sembra sostenere la funzione formativa della scuola, coinvolgendola in una dinamica societaria di care diffusa.
The thesis analyses the way in which school organizations tackle the problem of young people in trouble, verifying if and where relational elements can be found in organizational orientations, following the relational approach to welfare. It is a qualitative and exploring research, conducted within the Province of Trento's educational system, through semistructured interviews with school executives, teachers, other professionals, students and families as well. Beginning with the theoretical framework and the institutional indications, the analysis focuses on individual helping process from the relational perspective; then moving to the organizational level in order to observe in three elements - goals, people and means - how the utilization of a relational approach can activate, in the school, practices of "care" capable of improving students well being. The analysis shows that, mainly in occupational training, the idea of "care" seems to be quite shared but it does not translate into true relational processes. A critical point refers to the activation of reflective networks with families and students. A potential innovation is expressed in certain institutes where the organizational framework reflects, at least partially, the relational approach: it does seam to support the school educational role, involving the school itself in a widespread society of "care".

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15

PASINI, ANNALISA. "Organizzazione scolastica e disagio giovanile. Un'analisi relazionale". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/1107.

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La tesi analizza il modo in cui le organizzazioni scolastiche affrontano il disagio giovanile, verificando se e dove si riscontrino caratteri di relazionalità nella sua gestione e nell’orientamento organizzativo, secondo l’approccio relazionale al welfare. Si tratta di una ricerca qualitativa ed esplorativa, condotta nel sistema educativo della Provincia Autonoma di Trento, attraverso interviste semistrutturate a dirigenti, docenti, ma anche altri professionisti, studenti e famiglie. L’analisi, preceduta da un inquadramento teorico e delle indicazioni istituzionali, focalizza il processo di aiuto sul caso secondo l’ottica relazionale e poi si centra sul piano organizzativo, per osservare in tre elementi – finalità, persone e mezzi dell’organizzazione – come l’assunzione di una prospettiva relazionale possa attivare nella scuola pratiche di care in grado di migliorare il benessere degli studenti. L’analisi mostra che, soprattutto nella formazione professionale trentina, il presupposto della care appare abbastanza condiviso ma spesso non si traduce in veri e propri processi relazionali. Un punto critico riguarda l’attivazione di reti riflessive paritarie con le famiglie e gli studenti. Una potenzialità innovativa è invece espressa in alcuni istituti dove l’assetto organizzativo funziona almeno in parte secondo logiche relazionali: ciò sembra sostenere la funzione formativa della scuola, coinvolgendola in una dinamica societaria di care diffusa.
The thesis analyses the way in which school organizations tackle the problem of young people in trouble, verifying if and where relational elements can be found in organizational orientations, following the relational approach to welfare. It is a qualitative and exploring research, conducted within the Province of Trento's educational system, through semistructured interviews with school executives, teachers, other professionals, students and families as well. Beginning with the theoretical framework and the institutional indications, the analysis focuses on individual helping process from the relational perspective; then moving to the organizational level in order to observe in three elements - goals, people and means - how the utilization of a relational approach can activate, in the school, practices of "care" capable of improving students well being. The analysis shows that, mainly in occupational training, the idea of "care" seems to be quite shared but it does not translate into true relational processes. A critical point refers to the activation of reflective networks with families and students. A potential innovation is expressed in certain institutes where the organizational framework reflects, at least partially, the relational approach: it does seam to support the school educational role, involving the school itself in a widespread society of "care".

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Ceroni, Claudia <1993&gt. "Speed in Organizations: effects on Time to Market and Marketing Strategy". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/15407.

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The dissertation begins with an analysis of the conventionality of time and sociological implications hitherto drived, with the everincreasing speed of time and necessities by the organizations and businesses of all types, until the birth of the agile methodology and the impatience of consumers (also thaks to the new technologies). Later on, the speed in time to market will be addresses, along with some study cases, and the implications of this increase of speed on the marketing strategy of brands, with some examples.

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17

SELIVANOVA, Galina. "Monitoring elections in post-Soviet States: diverse paths and similar strategies of pro-democratic movements". Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11384/95083.

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This study is devoted to the in-depth investigation and comparison of election monitoring organisations in post-Soviet states. Election observation has become one of the core activities of civil society throughout the world, while in the post-Soviet region it became an indispensable part of the political process since the early 1990s. Particularly relevance for this task appears to be found in hybrid regimes: on the one hand, there exist grievances related to the quality of elections; on the other hand, political context is more open than in autocracies, allowing for certain activities of civil society. Relying on the versatile social movement and civil society scholarship, this project investigates monitoring organisations in three states that are often labelled hybrid regimes, namely Georgia, Moldova and Ukraine. Careful investigation of election monitoring organizations suggests that they predominantly rely on transactional activism, emphasising cooperation with different actors rather than contention. In turn, very little is known about how this type of activism develops in the post-Soviet region, which resources and strategies it encompasses and how different contextual factors lead to the devel- opment of transactional activism. Hence, the project contributes to the development of the transactional activism concept by presenting evidence from new case studies. In so doing it focuses on the different paths that the most visible political NGOs take in adopting transactional activism. The study attempts to explain how similar modes of activism developed and which factors or combination of factors have led to the adop- tion of certain strategies. This careful investigation shows how transactional activism is shaped in three countries by the number of external and internal factors, particu- larly, by the political contexts and resources. Furthermore, the interactional approach adopted in this study considers outcomes of the election monitoring as conditions for the further development of the monitoring organisations. This project relies on the activists’ own understanding of these contextual factors and limitations in resource; it voices activists’ views on strategies and discusses their motivations behind certain strategic choices. Methodologically, the study predominantly relies on a qualitative research design in which three case studies are complemented by the comparative investigation. The project draws its conclusions from a variety of data sources and presents rich empirical evidence on the internal development of organisations that have not yet been investigated. The study concludes that, while internal features of election monitoring NGOs closely resemble each other, differences in external political context account for the diverse paths of transactional activism development. In general, this project contributes to a further expansion of our knowledge of post-Soviet civil society.

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18

Pierobon, Chiara. "Youth Political Organizations and Music in Contemporary Russia: the National Identity Issue". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2012. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/368712.

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This dissertation studies the relationship existing between youth political organizations, music and national identity in contemporary Russia. In particular, it focuses on some of the most representative youth political organizations present in the city of St. Petersburg and aims at describing their contribution to the conceptualization of post-Soviet Russian national identity(ies), as captured through an analysis of their music.

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19

Pierobon, Chiara. "Youth Political Organizations and Music in Contemporary Russia: the National Identity Issue". Doctoral thesis, University of Trento, 2012. http://eprints-phd.biblio.unitn.it/814/1/Tesi_Pierobon_24_ciclo.pdf.

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This dissertation studies the relationship existing between youth political organizations, music and national identity in contemporary Russia. In particular, it focuses on some of the most representative youth political organizations present in the city of St. Petersburg and aims at describing their contribution to the conceptualization of post-Soviet Russian national identity(ies), as captured through an analysis of their music.

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20

CONCETTI, Giorgia. "No biases in the courtroom? Mapping the participation of civil society organizations in the international criminal court’s proceedings". Doctoral thesis, Scuola Normale Superiore, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11384/125283.

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Branco, Andrea <1994&gt. "Social organizations "going out": analysis of China's civil society in a cross-border dimension". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/16682.

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The economic and social transformation that has characterized China in the last decades has been accompanied by a diversification in the interests of domestic social organizations, which have recently begun to seek new possibilities abroad and to actually "go out". Bearing in mind the specificities of the discourses on China’s civil society and the peculiarities of its relations with the state, the thesis analyzes the internationalization process of domestic social organizations. The main purpose is to discover whether the varying level of intimacy of the relations they maintain with the state leadership constitutes a key variable for assessing their operational capacity in an International setting. After an introductory presentation of the international definition of NGO, which is later adapted to the specific case of China, the dissertation continues with considerations on China's emerging civil society and on the features of social organizations “going out”. Finally, one case study illustrating the involvement of Chinese social organizations in the aftermath of the 2015 Nepal earthquake is presented. The case study is aimed at assessing whether and to what extent the relationship between the state and social organizations impacted their humanitarian work in this context. An analysis of the factors underlying the operational capacity of Chinese social organizations in Nepal is carried out in order to ponder the significance of the “state-organization relationship” factor among others that sustain such capacity.

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22

Sodaitytė, Raminta. "Darbuotojų ir organizacijos tikslų suderinamumas organizacijoje "SPA Hotel"". Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130906_095850-86218.

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Šiame darbe susisteminama ir analizuojama įvairių Lietuvos bei užsienio autorių literatūra apie organizacijos sampratą, organizacijos elementus, organizacijos tikslus, individą organizacijoje, jo vertybės, nuostatas ir tikslus. Darbo objektas: darbuotojo ir organizacijos tikslų suderinamumas. Darbo tikslas – įvertinti darbuotojo ir organizacijos tikslų suderinamumą organizacijoje „SPA Hotel“. Darbo uždaviniai: 1. Apibūdinti organizacijos sampratą; 2. Aptarti darbuotojo ir organizacijos tikslų suderinamumo galimybes; 3. Nustatyti darbuotojų tikslus organizacijoje „SPA Hotel“. Darbo metodai: • Mokslinės literatūros analizė; • Anketinė apklausa; • Aprašomoji statistinė analizė. Darbo išvados ir svarbiausi rezultatai: Dauguma lietuvių ir užsienio autorių sutaria, kad pagrindinis komponentas organizacijoje – tikslų siekimas. Derinti darbuotojo ir organizacijos tikslus padeda motyvacinės sistemos darbuotojams kūrimas ir organizacinė kultūra. Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, kad svarbiausi darbuotojų tikslai pasirinktoje laisvalaikio sektoriaus organizacijoje yra: gauti pajamas, reikšti savo idėjas ir užsiimti mėgstama veikla. Paaiškėjo, kad organizacijos „SPA Hotel“ darbuotojai yra supažindinti su organizacijos tikslais ir jų siekdami stengiasi siekti aukštos darbo kokybės, taip pat laikosi organizacijos vertybių ir nuostatų. Analizuojant tyrimo rezultatus taip pat atsiskleidė, kad aukštesnes ir žemesnes pareigas užimančių darbuotojų tikslai ir vertybės skiriasi. Dauguma darbuotojų mano... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
The object of investigation: employee and organizational goals compatibility. The purpose of the study: to assess employee and organizational goals compatibility in organization „SPA Hotel“. The goals of the study: 1. To describe organization conception; 2. To discuss employee and organizational goals compatibility possibilities; 3. To set employee goals in organization „SPA Hotel“. The methods used in study: 1. Analysis of scientific literature; 2. Questionnaire survey; 3. Descriptive statistical analysis. Basic conclusions and results: Most of the Lithuanian and foreign authors agree that the main component of the organization – objectives. To combine employees and organization goals helps motivation and organizational culture. The results showed that the main goals of the employees in selected leisure sector organization is: to gain incomes, express their ideas and engage in a favorite activity. Revealed, that most of the employees know organization goals and try to high-quality work and hold organization values and provisions to reach them. The analysis of the results also revealed, that the higher and lower-level employees objectives and values are different. Most employees believe that the organization's goals overlap with their personal goals, but the main tool, employee attitudes needed to achieve common goals is motivation.

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23

STOBBIONE, TIZIANA. "LA CREAZIONE DI VALORE NELLE AZIENDE SANITARIE". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6767.

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La constatazione che in ambito sanitario il prodotto finale dei processi terapeutico-assistenziali, ovvero il miglioramento delle condizioni di salute dei cittadini, non possa essere definito soltanto in termini puramente economici e in un contesto in cui gli aspetti monetari costituiscono il perno intorno al quale si muovono tutte le strategie politiche, sociali ed economiche nazionali ed europee, costituisce il primum movens di questo progetto di ricerca. L’Azienda Sanitaria rappresenta, infatti, un locus in cui si embricano e sovrappongono le esigenze di numerose categorie di stakeholders (politici, fornitori, utenti e lavoratori) che, pur calati in un ambiente che possiede caratteristiche aziendali indissociabili da valutazioni finanziarie, non possono considerarsi esaurite nelle sole dimensioni economico-monetarie. Il valore finale dei processi di output di un’Azienda Sanitaria, sinteticamente riassumibile nel concetto di “soddisfacimento dei bisogni di salute della popolazione” riconosce, fra le componenti intrinseche del processo produttivo, cogenti sollecitazioni di carattere etico che presuppongono il rispetto di garanzie di equità, legittimità e imparzialità, irrinunciabili nella costruzione del prodotto finale. Questo lavoro di ricerca concentra, quindi, la propria attenzione sul processo di creazione di valore nell’Azienda Sanitaria, a partire dalle suggestioni bibliografiche inerenti le principali variabili economiche e organizzative, per giungere a indagare le corrispondenze derivanti dalle componenti intangibili.
The finding that the final product in the health-care therapeutic process, namely the improvement of citizens' health, can not only be defined in purely economic terms and in a context where the monetary aspects are the pivot around which move all the political strategies, social and economic national and European, it is the primary cause of this research project. The Health Service is, in fact, a locus where they overlap the needs of various categories of stakeholders (politicians, suppliers, users and workers) who, although dropped in an environment that has business features inseparable from financial ratings, were not exhausted only in the economic and monetary dimensions. The final value of the output processes of a company Health, succinctly summed up in the concept of "meeting the health needs of the population" recognizes, among the intrinsic components of the production process, mandatory stress ethical which require compliance with guarantees of fairness , legitimacy and impartiality, essential in the construction of the final product. This research focuses, therefore, its attention on the process of value creation in the Company Health, from bibliographical suggestions regarding the main economic and organizational variables, to come to investigate the matches resulting from intangible assets.

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24

STOBBIONE, TIZIANA. "LA CREAZIONE DI VALORE NELLE AZIENDE SANITARIE". Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/6767.

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La constatazione che in ambito sanitario il prodotto finale dei processi terapeutico-assistenziali, ovvero il miglioramento delle condizioni di salute dei cittadini, non possa essere definito soltanto in termini puramente economici e in un contesto in cui gli aspetti monetari costituiscono il perno intorno al quale si muovono tutte le strategie politiche, sociali ed economiche nazionali ed europee, costituisce il primum movens di questo progetto di ricerca. L’Azienda Sanitaria rappresenta, infatti, un locus in cui si embricano e sovrappongono le esigenze di numerose categorie di stakeholders (politici, fornitori, utenti e lavoratori) che, pur calati in un ambiente che possiede caratteristiche aziendali indissociabili da valutazioni finanziarie, non possono considerarsi esaurite nelle sole dimensioni economico-monetarie. Il valore finale dei processi di output di un’Azienda Sanitaria, sinteticamente riassumibile nel concetto di “soddisfacimento dei bisogni di salute della popolazione” riconosce, fra le componenti intrinseche del processo produttivo, cogenti sollecitazioni di carattere etico che presuppongono il rispetto di garanzie di equità, legittimità e imparzialità, irrinunciabili nella costruzione del prodotto finale. Questo lavoro di ricerca concentra, quindi, la propria attenzione sul processo di creazione di valore nell’Azienda Sanitaria, a partire dalle suggestioni bibliografiche inerenti le principali variabili economiche e organizzative, per giungere a indagare le corrispondenze derivanti dalle componenti intangibili.
The finding that the final product in the health-care therapeutic process, namely the improvement of citizens' health, can not only be defined in purely economic terms and in a context where the monetary aspects are the pivot around which move all the political strategies, social and economic national and European, it is the primary cause of this research project. The Health Service is, in fact, a locus where they overlap the needs of various categories of stakeholders (politicians, suppliers, users and workers) who, although dropped in an environment that has business features inseparable from financial ratings, were not exhausted only in the economic and monetary dimensions. The final value of the output processes of a company Health, succinctly summed up in the concept of "meeting the health needs of the population" recognizes, among the intrinsic components of the production process, mandatory stress ethical which require compliance with guarantees of fairness , legitimacy and impartiality, essential in the construction of the final product. This research focuses, therefore, its attention on the process of value creation in the Company Health, from bibliographical suggestions regarding the main economic and organizational variables, to come to investigate the matches resulting from intangible assets.

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25

Bloos, Uwe-Wilhelm. "Essays on corporate finance and organization /". Frankfurt a.M, 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000254359.

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Knahr, Christina. "Participation of non-state actors in the dispute settlement system of the WTO: benefit or burden? /". Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/525118349.pdf.

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27

DI, SANTO VITO. "VIAGGIO NELLA CLASSE OPERAIA AL TEMPO DI INDUSTRY 4.0. ORGANIZZAZIONE E CONDIZIONI DI LAVORO IN UNA PROSPETTIVA COMPARATA". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/638818.

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Il lavoro di tesi intende indagare l’impatto delle tecnologie e dell’innovazione sulle condizioni di lavoro degli operai in Fiat, multinazionale produttrice di auto, che a partire dalla fine degli anni duemila ha implementato il suo nuovo modello produttivo, il wcm (World Class Manufacturing). Data la dimensione aziendale si è scelto di condurre l’indagine attraverso uno studio di caso comparato prendendo in esame 4 stabilimenti del gruppo (Grugliasco, Melfi, Mirafiori e Pomigliano) sulla base di tre fattori (numerosità operaia, livello di antagonismo sindacale e posizione geografica). Un modello produttivo impatta sulla realtà aziendale in maniera trasversale ed ogni ricerca sociologica che tenta di investigarne principi cardini ed effetti concreti rischia di scadere in opacità e contorni non nettamente delineati. Nello strutturare la ricerca si è cercato di delimitare quanto più possibile tali contorni: individuato lo scenario di indagine (il nuovo modello produttivo), l’obiettivo è stato indagare la soddisfazione del lavoro per capire come (e in che modo) tale modello produttivo ha impattato su di essa (job satisfaction solo degli operai, solo nei quattro stabilimenti individuati e solo del reparto assemblaggio). L’indagine condotta (questionari, focus group, interviste semi-strutturate ed aperte) ci ha permesso, a partire dai risultati empirici sulla soddisfazione del lavoro, di fotografare i risvolti e gli effetti del modello produttivo in termini di pratiche gestionali del personale, partecipazione e coinvolgimento operaio, ambiente e condizioni di lavoro, tendenze nelle relazioni industriali: chiaramente l’oggetto di indagine è la soddisfazione del lavoro che rappresenta la base di analisi che ci ha permesso di indagare da diversi punti di vista gli effetti del nuovo modello produttivo. Il lavoro si articola in quattro sezioni differenti: nella prima (capitoli 1, 2 e 3) vengono sintetizzati i riferimenti teorici attinti dalla sociologia economica e i principi manageriali tratti dalle scienze dell’organizzazione con particolare attenzione al post-fordismo, alla lean production, ai meccanismi di produzione nelle catene globali del valore e agli attuali scenari organizzativi al tempo di Industry 4.0. La seconda sezione (capitolo 4 e 5) ispeziona il percorso metodologico, fondato sul paradigma di ricerca misto, del quale si da ampia giustificazione: vengono elencate le molteplici tecniche di analisi adottate (focus group, interviste aperte, questionari con relativa analisi dei dati e interviste semistrutturate) e la logica sottostante che ha guidato tali scelte. La terza sezione, invece, sintetizza risultati ed evidenze empiriche raccolte sul campo: in particolare nel primo capitolo empirico (capitolo 6) vengono riportati i dati relativi al comportamento della soddisfazione rispetto alle caratteristiche individuali, di contesto familiare e di vicende lavorative e viene esposto il modello di analisi probit sulla probabilità di essere soddisfatti relativo ad ulteriori 16 variabili caratterizzanti il concetto di soddisfazione; nei successivi quattro capitoli (capitolo 7, 8, 9 e 10) vengono analizzate quattro distinte macro-dimensioni del lavoro (ambiente di lavoro, relazioni di lavoro, partecipazione al lavoro e teamworking) e per ognuna di esse vengono presentati i risultati delle interviste semistrutturate agli operai e delle regressioni effettuate tra singole variabili e soddisfazione generale del lavoro. Nella quarta sezione, alla luce dei dati emersi dalla ricerca, si elaborano considerazioni conclusive sulla condizione operaia in relazione al nuovo contesto organizzativo: ogni capitolo empirico della terza sezione presenta specifiche conclusioni legate alle singole variabili in esso analizzate che, però, si è voluto declinare in maniera integrata dando una visione d’insieme ai risultati esposti, precisando potenzialità e fallacità del modello produttivo rispetto alla soddisfazione operaia e delineando possibili linee future di ricerca.

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Reinisch, August. "International organizations before national courts /". Cambridge [u.a.] : Cambridge Univ. Press, 2000. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/254575382.pdf.

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CALARCO, ROBERTO. "INTERNATIONAL HUMANITARIAN ORGANIZATIONS AT THE SOUTHERN EUROPEAN BORDER: (DE)POLITICIZATION AND (DE)BORDERING WITHIN AND BEYOND THE HOTSPOT SYSTEM IN SICILY". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/851027.

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This thesis explores the contribution of international humanitarian organizations to the (de)politicization of the current EU border regime and to the legitimization or countering of (de)bordering processes. This research focuses on the role of some international humanitarian organizations (the UNHCR, MEDU, Terre des Hommes, the Red Cross and Oxfam) operating on the southern Italian border (in Sicily) during different key rebordering phases (i.e. the introduction of the hotspot approach in 2015 and the adoption of the security decree of 2018). Based on ten months of fieldwork in Sicily, the present study adopts a mix-method approach and resorts to three main methods: document analysis, semi-structured interviews and direct observation. This thesis suggests that the discourses and practices of international humanitarian organizations contribute to both depoliticizing and re-politicizing the current migration and border regime. Humanitarian discourses and practices can have inherent depoliticizing features that contribute to perpetuating the actual border management system in different ways: by legitimizing States’ categories and processes of selection of migrants or by providing services that contribute to building States’ capacity to manage migration. At the same time, the humanitarian borderwork of international humanitarian organizations is coupled with political borderwork and contributes to challenging the current border regime in different ways: by advocating for migrant rights, by criticizing governmental practices and policies, by promoting migrants’ inclusion through direct engagement.

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30

Gehl, Fabien. "La négociation des accords OMC par la Communauté Européenne et ses États membres". Aachen Shaker, 2006. http://d-nb.info/993791360/04.

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Nena, Tomović. "Prilog istraživanju uticaja modela integrisanog sistema menadžmenta na performanse transportnih organizacija". Phd thesis, Univerzitet u Novom Sadu, Fakultet tehničkih nauka u Novom Sadu, 2016. http://www.cris.uns.ac.rs/record.jsf?recordId=101379&source=NDLTD&language=en.

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Naučni cilj istraživanja u okviru doktorske disertacije je kompleksnog karaktera, koji se manifestuje:identifikacijom performansi transportne organizacije, koje se mogu smatrati značajnim za uspešno upravljanje organizacijom i prevođenje iz postojećeg u željeno stanjeidentifikacijom SMS, kojom su posmatrane transportne organizacije implementirale i koje su postale sastavni delovi menadžment sistema organizacijeistraživanjem načina na koje je moguće meriti uticaj primene SMS, odnosno IMS na performanse organizacije, sa ciljem da se istovremeno ukaže na slabosti i mogućnosti razvoja organizacije.Polazeći od formulisanih ciljeva, definisana je orginalna metodologija, postupak kojim se dokazuje opravdanost uspostavljenih osnovnih hipoteza disertacije, čija suština je da modeli integrisanih sistema menadžmenta imaju uticaja na performanse transportnih organizacija.
Scientific aim of this research is complex and it is manifested by following: Identification of transport organization performances which can be considered as important for succesful organization management and shift from existing to favorable condition; Identification of SMS which transport organizations implemented and which became parts of organization management system; Research of ways on which is possible to measure effect of SMS application or IMS to organization performances with aim to emphasize defeciencies and possibilities for organization development.According to formulated aims, original methodology is defined. Is is practice which justifies main hypotheses of disertation. Their purpose is to make integrated management system models effective for performances of transport organizations.

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Hinderer, Hermann Ali. "Rechtsschutz von Unternehmen in der WTO /". Berlin : BWV, Berliner Wiss.-Verl, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/393453693.pdf.

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Shan, Wenhua. "The legal framework of EU-China investment relations : a critical appraisal /". Oxford [u.a.] : Hart, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/483331600.pdf.

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Gehl, Fabien. "La négociation des accords OMC par la Communauté européenne et ses Etats membres /". Aachen : Shaker Verlag, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783832281014.

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Dorion, Léa. "Organisations alternatives et empowerment : une approche féministe : Penser l'organizing depuis ses marges". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLED038.

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Cette thèse s’inscrit dans le champ de recherche sur les organisations alternatives, et met en lumière l’intérêt de mobiliser une approche féministe pour mieux comprendre ces organisations. Je propose d’étudier un processus central pour les organisations féministes : l’empowerment. L’objectif de ma thèse est tout à la fois de voir en quoi cela permet de comprendre l’organizing féministe et alternatif, et par là-même de penser l’organizing à partir de ses marges.Pour cela, j’ai conduit une ethnographie féministe au sein d’une association féministe, pendant deux ans. Le récit ethnographique que j’élabore décrit trois dimensions de l’empowerment tel qu’il se déploie dans l’association : la conscientisation, la mobilisation et la transformation sociale. Cela me permet de définir l’empowerment comme une praxis collective, dissonante et préfigurative, qui construit performativement l’organisation comme féministe. Je suggère de penser l’empowerment comme un processus d’organizing alternatif, ce qui permet d’incarner et de politiser une ontologie du devenir pour la théorie des organisations
This thesis is part of a conversation on alternative organizations, and underlines the potential of a feminist approach to understand these organizations. I offer to study a core process of feminist organizations :empowerment. The objective is both to explore how this sheds a new light on feminist and alternative organizing, and to rethink organizing from its margins.To do so, I have conducted a two-years feminist ethnography within a feminist collective. The ethnographic tale describes three dimensions of empowerment as it is practiced within the collective: conscientization, mobilization and social transformation. It entails a definition of empowerment as a collective, dissonant andprefigurative praxis, which performativelyconstructs the organization as feminist. I suggest to think of empowerment as an alternative organizing process, which incarnatesand politicizes an ontology of becoming fororganizations

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Pontarotti, Gaëlle. "Au delà du tout génétique : une perspective organisationnelle sur l'hérédité biologique et ses implications en biologie de l'évolution". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H203.

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Cette thèse interroge le concept d’hérédité biologique, ses récentes mutations et leur incidence sur la théorie synthétique de l’évolution, qui est fondée sur une vision strictement génétique de la variation héritable. Elle propose une clarification conceptuelle à l’heure où une abondante littérature décrit des mécanismes de transmission qui défient la théorie génétique et où l’extension du champ de l’héréditaire pourrait modifier le regard des biologistes sur les processus évolutifs. Revenant sur l’histoire d’une notion introduite dans les sciences du vivant en tant que métaphore et associée dès le XIXe siècle à une réflexion sur l’évolution biologique, notre travail de recherche examine la façon dont le concept d’hérédité a été modelé au XXe siècle par la génétique et intégré dans les travaux des biologistes de l’évolution. Il offre une synthèse des données relatives à l’hérédité non génétique et étudie un ensemble de critères nécessaires à l’élaboration d’un concept d’hérédité à la fois inclusif, cohérent et théoriquement fécond. La thèse développe une analyse critique des cadres conceptuels «inclusifs» existants avant de présenter les fondements d’une perspective organisationnelle originale. Dans cette perspective, l'hérédité apparaît comme un phénomène de récurrence transgénérationnelle de variations dans des patrons organisationnels partagés. Elle est sous-tendue par la reconstruction d’éléments génétiques et non génétiques constitutifs (vs. environnementaux). La perspective organisationnelle développée dégage quelques pistes de réflexion pour penser l’incidence d’une hérédité plurielle sur les dynamiques évolutives
This essay questions the concept of biological inheritance, its recent transformations and their potential impact on the theory of evolution, which is grounded on a genetic vision of heritable variation. It proposes a conceptual clarification while an abundant literature highlights various mechanisms of transmission that challenge the genetic theory of inheritance, and while the extension of the field of inheritance could modify the perspectives of evolutionary biologists on evolutionary processes. This work goes back to the history of a notion introduced in the life sciences as a metaphor and associated, since the 19th century, with concerns about biological evolution. It describes how the concept of biological inheritance was designed by genetics (Mendelian and molecular) during the 20th century and how it was integrated into the studies of evolutionary biologists. It presents data regarding non-genetic inheritance, underlines the necessity to make a selection among them and proposes criteria necessary to the construction of an inclusive, consistent and theoretically fecund concept of biological inheritance. It offers an analysis of existing inclusive conceptual frameworks and offers some foundations for an original organizational perspective. The perspective describes inheritance as a phenomenon of trans-generational reoccurrence of variation in shared organizational patterns underpinned by the reconstruction of genetic and non-genetic constructive elements (vs. environmental). The organizational perspective developed in the essay provides original considerations regarding the impact of a multidimensional inheritance on evolutionary dynamics

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Gabarli, Leila y Fredrik Löfgren. "Säsongsbetonade organisationer – Ses vi igen nästa år? : En kvantitativ studie om individuella motivationsfaktorer i säsongsbetonade turistverksamheter". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-12437.

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Bakgrund: Att rekrytera rätt person till rätt plats är en utmaning och att göra en felrekrytering kan vara kostsamt. Därför är det av stor vikt att utföra ett välarbetat rekryteringsarbete i syfte att försöka hitta den kandidat som kan matcha organisationens behov bäst. Föreliggande studie behandlar rekrytering inom säsongsbetonad turistverksamhet och har inriktningen åter-rekrytering. Att kunna åter-rekrytera personal från tidigare säsonger har en stark ekonomisk fördel i att det leder till minskade rekryterings-, introduktions- och utbildningskostnader som medföljer en lägre personalomsättning. Att kunna åter-rekrytera personal från tidigare säsonger gör även att organisationen får tillbaka kompetens gällande arbetsuppgifter som blir en strategisk fördel för organisationen. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att identifiera grundläggande faktorer och förklara de drivkrafter som finns för att vilja återvända till säsongsbetonad turistverksamhet. Metod: Då denna studies syfte är att identifiera och förklara vårt problemområde baseras studien på en kvantitativ metod. För att kunna identifiera faktorer och förklara för vilka drivkrafter som ligger bakom återvändande till säsongsbetonad turistverksamhet har vi valt att göra en fallstudie på en sådan verksamhet. Studien är baserad på en enkätundersökning riktad till återvändande säsongspersonal utförd i en säsongsbetonad verksamhet. Resultat och slutsats: Studien visar att alla de undersökta fyra dimensioner av motivationsfaktorer visat indikation för att vara motiverande för återvändande säsongspersonal. Det har i föreliggande studie framkommit att motivationsfaktorer är individuella men studien har kunnat påvisa hur viss majoritet av respondenterna ändå motiverats av samma eller liknande motivationsfaktorer. Vidare kan konstateras att traditionella motivationsteorier kan behövas kompletteras med dessa fyra dimensioner för att kunna förklara vad som motiverar individer i att återvända till säsongsbetonad turistverksamhet.
Background: To recruit the right person to the right place in an organization is a challenge and making a bad recruitment could be costly. That is one of the reasons why a well-done recruitment work in order to find the right candidate for the organizational needs is very important. This study deals with the recruitment of seasonal tourism organizations and has its prime focus on retention of seasonal employees. Being able to re-recruit employees from previous seasons has a strong economic advantage when it comes to decreased recruitment-, introduction- and education costs that follows with a lower staff turnover. To re-recruit employees from previous seasons does also make the organizations get back the lost competence that is lost with a leaving employee, this becomes a strategic advantage for the organizations as well. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify basic factors explaining the driving forces for wanting to return to seasonal tourism organizations. Method: As the purpose of this study is to identify and explain our problem area this study is based on a quantitative method. In order to identify factors and explain for which driving forces lies behind the return to seasonal tourism organizations we have chosen to do a case study on such organization. The study is based on a questionnaire survey that was performed by the returning seasonal staff in the earlier mentioned organization. Results and conclusion: This study shows that all four of the examined dimension of motivational factors did displayed indications of operating as motivators for the individuals. The present study has revealed that motivational factors are individual and this study has shown that some majority of the respondents yet has been motivated by the same or similar motivational factors. Further, this study found that traditional motivational theories could need to be supplemented with the four mentioned dimensions of motivational perspectives to be able to explain what motivates individuals to return to seasonal tourism organizations.

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Muller, Alexander S. "International organizations and their host states : aspects of their legal relationship /". The Hague [u.a.] : Kluwer, 1995. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/273326228.pdf.

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Becker, Tim. "Das WTO-Subventionsübereinkommen : Einfluß auf die Rechtsschutzmöglichkeiten Dritter gegen Beihilfen im Rahmen des EG-Rechts /". Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2001. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/333042751.pdf.

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Kour, Jawdat y Hasan Ahmed. "Email attacks : Investigation about the vulnerability of the Swedish organizations against email threats". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för datavetenskap och medieteknik (DM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-97020.

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Email is an essential form of communication for organizations. Nevertheless, with so much popularity came many challenges. These emails usually carry sensitive data that might cause significant harm if they get compromised. Besides, spam and phishing emails that continually reach the employees’ inbox masquerading as a trusted entity due to the lack of authentication mechanisms are also considered a significant threat for organizations today. Such threats are phishing using email domain forgery attack, redirecting emails to a mail server that is under the attacker’s control, and connection eavesdropping. The research aimed to investigate the vulnerability of approximately 2000 organizations within Sweden against those attacks. Toward that end, the quantity and quality of the following email security mechanisms SPF, DKIM, DMARC, STARTTLS, DNSSEC, and DANE were examined through a case study. Also, the adoption of these mechanisms was investigated, whether it varies based on different factors such as organization size, sector, and location. The research findings indicated that the average adoption rate by the tested organizations was approximately 50%. Furthermore, the result demonstrated that there were no differences in the adopted mechanisms based on the studied factors that the results were quite similar among the tested groups. It concluded that there is a lack of protection mechanisms, which made the majority of the tested organizations vulnerable to different types of email attacks.

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Reusch, Ralf. "Die Legitimation des WTO-Streitbeilegungsverfahrens /". Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2007. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/529154250.pdf.

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Menges, Jochen. "Organizational-level affect : antecedents, boundary conditions, and consequences of emotional climates and competencies /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000292659.

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Behrendt, Silvia Katharina. "The international health regulations and the executive authority of the World Health Organization during public health emergencies of international concern /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?sys=000292640.

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Gerken, Anika. "Rechtsschutzmöglichkeiten europäischer Wirtschaftsteilnehmer gegen GATT-widrige Wirtschaftshemmnisse /". Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2004. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/380098806.pdf.

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Sandberg, Karin. "Unzulässiger Protektionismus in der europäischen Medienpolitik? : die Maßnahmen der Europäischen Gemeinschaft zum Schutz des europäischen Films und ihre Vereinbarkeit mit dem durch das GATT und die WTO-Vereinbarungen gebildeten Rechtsrahmen /". Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 1998. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/271835818.pdf.

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Davis, Micheal Victor. "Die evaluering van skoolbeleid : 'n gevallestudie van ses geselekteerde skole in Kimberley". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52771.

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Thesis (MEd)--University of Stellenbosch 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The transformation of education in South Africa has provided broader and better opportunities to school communities to make more purposeful and effective changes to the culture of learning. The primary focus of this research is to accentuate the importance of school policy and its role in the management structure of the school. The new South African Schools Act (1996) allows for greater parent involvement, responsibility, power and rights. Consequently the governing body has been allocated decision-making powers regarding school policy formulation. A literature study to discuss the broad concept of educational policy and related concepts such as education system, governance and school policy, was undertaken. There was a specific focus on three policy areas, namely admission policy, discipline policy and uniform policy as well as the formulation of policy in schools. Empirical research was done at six selected schools through unstructured interviews with the persons concerned to collect the data. Policy gives direction, serves as a point of departure and gives power to the organisation. Written policy documents were absent at most of the schools due to the fact of insufficient training in policy formulation. Recommendations from the literature study could be useful to schools in fulfilling their needs. Key words: School policy; School management; Governance; Admission policy; Discipline policy; Uniform policy.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die transformasie van die onderwysstelsel in Suid-Afrika bied groter en beter geleenthede vir skoolgemeenskappe om doelgerigte en effektiewe veranderinge aan die leerkultuur te maak. Die primêre doel van die navorsing is om die belangrikheid van skoolbeleid en die rol wat dit speel in die bestuurstrukture van die skool, te beklemtoon. Die nuwe Suid-Afrikaanse Skolewet (1996) het groter ouerbetrokkenheid, verantwoordelikheid, regte en magte verleen, met ander woorde die beheerliggaam het besluitnemingsbevoegdhede rakende die skool ten opsigte van beleidsformulering. 'n Literatuurstudie om die oorkoepelende begrip onderwysbeleid te bespreek en aanverwante begrippe soos, onderwysstelsel, beheer en skoolbeleid te verduidelik, is onderneem. Daar was spesifiek gelet op drie beleidsareas naamlik: toelatings, dissipline en uniformbeleid asook die formulering van 'n skoolbeleid. Die beIeidsareas is bespreek aan die hand van riglyne uit die Skolewet en die ontleding van data wat verkry is uit die ondersoek. 'n Empiriese ondersoek is by ses geselekteerde skole gedoen en die nodige data is deur ongestruktureerde onderhoudvoering met belanghebbendes bekom. Beleid gee rigting, dien as 'n vertrekpunt en gee mag aan 'n organisasie. Geskrewe beleidsdokumente het by meeste van die skole ontbreek en dit kan toegeskryf word aan 'n tekort aan opleiding in die formulering van skoolbeleid. Aanbevelings uit die literatuur kan deur die skole gebruik word indien dit die skool se behoefte bevredig. Sleutelwoorde: Skoolbeleid; Skoolbestuur; Beheer; Dissiplinebeleid; Toelatingsbeleid; Uniformbeleid.

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Graber, Christoph Beat. "Handel und Kultur im Audiovisionsrecht der WTO : völkerrechtliche, ökonomische und kulturpolitische Grundlagen einer globalen Medienordnung /". Bern : Stämpfli, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/366290339.pdf.

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Duvigneau, Johann Ludwig. "Handelsliberalisierung und Marktintegration unter dem WTO/GATT-Recht /". Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2005. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/497326493.pdf.

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Smith, Melody A. "Psychometric properties of the School Leader Practice Survey (SLPS) to determine Missouri school superintendent perceptions about Interstate School Leaders Licensure Consortium (ISLLC) standards performance indicators". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4716.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on December 13, 2007) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Martini, Ulf. "Die WTO und die rechtliche Entwicklung der Dienstleistungsfreiheit in den Mitgliedsstaaten : unter besonderer Berücksichtigung des Telekommunikationsbereiches /". Frankfurt am Main [u.a.] : Lang, 2002. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/337452555.pdf.

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