Tesis sobre el tema "Sports de montagne – Histoire"
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Bellefon, Renaud de. "Du terroir au territoire : histoire des guides de montagne en France (vers 1780-1960)". Toulouse 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU20063.
Texto completoLabelling the activity of mountain guides as vocational has turned it into a sideline, into imagery. As an inheritor of this imaginary construction, as an observer, an actor and a historian, I propose here to upset it by writing a history of mountain guides from 1780 to 1960. The mountain guide came into existence as soon as mountains were viewed as touristic sites. However, the guide himself considered his profession as a mere extension of his usual farming activity in a mountain environment. In his own eyes - and in his client's, usually middle-class person - he delved his legitimacy from his dwelling place and his long familiarity with the mountain. Nevertheless, only in Chamonix could the mountain guides set up and impose a company with established rules directly resulting from a communitarian exploitation of the mountain. In contrast, anywhere else the strangers and the alpinists were the real power, and they managed to outclass the guide. Considering his knowledge of mountain environment as purely intuitive enabled them to devise exclusion procedures such that the mountain guide now just ranked a as sub alpinist. A mere servant of his client, the local mountain guide remained a loyal and faithful underling and had to become acquainted with the mountain as it had been appropriated and remodeled by the client. In view of his dependence on the alpinist, which is evident from the available sources, the mountain guide had to adapt himself after 1930 to the new trends in mountain resort business - to become an alpinist, as in Chamonix or to vanish, as in the Pyrenees. However, a turn of the tide occurred in the period going from 1930 to 1950, with the guide now appearing as the leader in the pair. In the process the local mountain man acting as a guide has been changed into a full-time alpinist, a professional, in short a new type of; mountain man. A new mountain has been reinvented, marked by sport and leisure activities, an evolution that has its counterpart in the society at large
Nevicato, Martin. "Les représentations du ski de randonnée en France et le bien-être de ses acteurs au cours du XXème siècle". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS020.
Texto completoThis history of the representations of ski touring offers a unique perspective on the study of the evolution of well-being, particularly through the lens of the history of outdoor sports. This research topic has led to an analysis of the evolution of various forms of ski touring practices from the early 20th century to the first part of the 21st century. The aim of this thesis is to understand whether the evolution of ski touring representations reflects changes in conceptions of well-being. Specifically, it seeks to clarify the suggestive power of these representations, which drive the momentum toward suggested forms of practice, describe the sensations brought about by the activity, and sometimes establish connections with health. Indeed, these representations have diversified in line with the social, economic, and cultural transformations of France. This mountain-based physical activity underwent major changes throughout the 20th century, initially serving utilitarian purposes before being considered a vector of well-being, a symbol of autonomy and personal adventure, and eventually being influenced by the democratization of mountain sports and leisure activities.The evolution of the broad representations of ski touring and its influence on utilitarian and collective well-being is analyzed through three distinct periods.In the first period (1900-1950), the thesis highlights the difficult recognition of ski touring in cultural representations. This practice, originally utilitarian, developed discreetly and remained on the fringes of structured winter sports. Despite the emergence and spread of technical advances in representations, the practice appeared rudimentary, and its enthusiasts were marginalized. The imagery surrounding this activity was strongly marked by risk and adventure, with a pronounced contemplative and hygienic dimension. Moreover, Scandinavian influences were decisive, offering a technical or even philosophical model that enriched French representations of ski touring.In the second period (1950-1990), characterized by the rise of a leisure society, ski touring entered a favorable context for its development in representations. During this period of increasing sportification, ski touring stood out and gained popularity due to its contemplative aspects, which placed it within a countercultural movement. In representations, ski touring became a symbol of autonomy and personal adventure, in contrast to an increasingly mechanized society. Through elements like the mountain refuge, practitioners sought well-being and quietude through this activity, which they did not find in other forms of mountain sports.The third period (1990-2022) shows a broad democratization of ski touring representations, driven by a diversification of motivations and practitioners. Today, we speak of "ski tourings," shared between the nostalgic visions of the past and modern hybrid practices. These debates, illustrated by the "collant-pipette" phenomenon, contribute to embedding ski touring within the landscape of mountain sports. Additionally, while technological advancements have made the activity more accessible and safer, the COVID-19 pandemic, marked by the closure of ski lifts, acted as a significant catalyst for the spread of ski touring in cultural representations
Kelly, Caralyn J. "Thrilling and marvellous experiences, place and subjectivity in Canadian climbing narratives, 1885-1925". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0010/NQ53500.pdf.
Texto completoRendu, Christine. "La Montagne d'Enveig : une estive pyrénéenne dans la longue durée". Paris, EHESS, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000EHESA072.
Texto completoLemartinel, Bertrand. "Histoire d'une montagne : étude géomorphologique des monts Celtibériques occidentaux (Espagne)". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010564.
Texto completoBouvard, André. "Les peuplements castraux de la montagne du Doubs". Nancy 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN21027.
Texto completoThis thesis is part of a research programme at the University of Nancy under the supervision of M. Bur. By associating both ground and textual study, it aims to make a thorough list of the castle settlements in the Doubs, a district bordering Switzerland and whose make-up is 75% mountains. In the first volume, the author strives to bring underline the main features of the grouping together around a castle phenomenon which took place after the year thousand. Except for Montbeliard which appears in the 10th century, and, a few other sites (Rougemont, Vercel. . . ), the dates are generally the thirteenth and beginning of the fourteenth century. These can be explained by the late development of the mountains and the plateau, and, by the initiatives of some noble lineages Chalon, Montfaucon and later Neufchatel exploit the lack of county and episcopal power from the end of the 12th century onwards. Consequently most of these burghs undergo a difficult development exacerbated by the choice of site, characterized in 90% of cases by dominant relief. Sub-equipped religiously speaking, a little better off commercially speaking, they are characterized by extreme modesty, 57% of them are smaller than two hectares. There is only one town, Montbeliard. The other places are just big villages which will become district country towns. Such conditions make it difficult to talk about the set-up of a second urban network. These burghs are very fragile: almost one out of two (45%) are abandoned between the end of the 15th. And the beginning of the 19th century. The three other volumes present the 71 sites selected according to a structure which is always identical: firstly a topographical summary or a map to a scale of 1/2500e, based on the present cadaster, then a note including a description of the site, a body of texts and pictures followed by historical background and finally a bibliography
Bourdeau, Philippe. "Territoire et identité : recherches sur la territorialité d'un groupe professionnel : les guides de haute montagne en France". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991GRE19003.
Texto completoFrench mountain guides territoriality is based on a multiform relation between a professional group and its territory. This relation is both symbolic and material, social and spatial, and provides to the group a strong collective identity, witch is inscribes in a two centuries history and in an original professional culture. As a matter of fact, numerous territorial clashes are pointing the importance of the territory as the main indication of this identity
Poizat, Dominique. "Les enjeux de l'information dans la prévention des accidents liés à la pratique des sports d'hiver". Grenoble 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001GRE39027.
Texto completoEl-Khoury, Elias. "L'évolution des complexes touristiques balnéaires et de montagne au Mont Liban". Tours, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOUR1502.
Texto completoBilger, Bertrand L. "Chateaux forts de montagne et armes a feu en alsace. Histoire politique et militaire". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR20009.
Texto completoThis work has for object the study of alsatian mountain castles, confronted to siege war determined by introduction and development of fire arms. It is the study of the material frame, where we observe a certain spring of mountain castles. Their architecture isn't throw down by the new arms. Constancies subsist. Empiric modifications of the art of siege involve slow and progressive transformations of the castle. It's also the study of a political context, into wich castle is included. More than never, it is the instrument and stake of concurrent ambitions, of territories in way of strengthening and organization in the alsatian ending middle ages and beginning modern epoch. Examination of general data and more detailled approach through four significant examples (haut-koenigsbourg, haut-barr, herrenstein, schoeneck) make appear all these aspects
Léveillé, Cyril. "Les conseils du pharmacien dans la pratique sportive de loisir à la montagne". Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05P062.
Texto completoBonney-James, Tim. "More than a game, the interaction of sport and community in Guelph". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24447.pdf.
Texto completoLieberherr-Gardiol, Françoise. "Pratiques et représentations en montagne : le pays d'Enhaut : Suisse". Paris, EHESS, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986EHESA004.
Texto completoAnthropological study of relationships between society - natural ecosystem, between a social group with space - environment - territory by practices and representations of mountainers, revealing specific value systems. Agro-tourist region of pays-d'enhaut (vaud). Method of multidimensional study (questionary on stratified sample of 306 inhabitants, 53 interviews demographic and socio-economic statistics study documents and archives, "correspondance - analysis", etc. ) for global and endogenous understanding-explanation. Themes : paesantry, face-to-face comunity, identity, mountain membership feeling, rurality, tradition modernity, tourism, perception of town, socio-cultural heterogeneity, eco-anthropological behaviours. Evolution tendencies in swiss moutain regions or "mountain modernization" by first phase of urban acculturation. Second phase of rural reacculturation with 3 interactive trends : paesant rurality, reinvented rurality, mountain urbanity
Guédon, Frédéric. "Occupation du sol et peuplement en montagne des origines aux temps modernes : le haut Lavedan (Hautes-Pyrénées)". Toulouse 2, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU20003.
Texto completoThis research relates to three of the seven valleys of Lavedan which develop in the extreme southwest of the Hautes-Pyrénées : the valley of Azun, the valley of Cauterets and Davantaygue. It proposes a synthesis of knowledge on the occupation of ground since the first indices of frequenting until the beginnings of the Modern time starting from an exploitation of the historical and cartographic sources traditional and many archaeological prospecting campaigns on the high mountain. If the first material indices of a frequenting go up at the Bronze age, it's finally at the Middle Age that one attends the fixing of the soils and the habitat according to similar methods with what was observed elsewhere, but with different rhythms according to valleys. The settlement seems to have been established in several successive jumps. The first phase of swarming, decisive, sees its apogee with the turning point of Xe and XIe centuries, then the continuation of the growth will be translate rather variously according to valleys. This dynamism continues in Modern time with true enterprises of colonization and the birth of new hamlets
Loyer, Frédéric. "La lutte en France : histoire d’une sportification contrariée". Caen, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008CAEN2030.
Texto completoIt is usual to consider sport as the out come of play motor function. And jet, as regards the number of members Olympic wrestling, unjustly called “greco roman”, is superseded by Breton “gouren”. Trough a diachronic and synchronic approach we’ll be concerned with showing the workings of a thwarted “sportification”. The research is to be made through the deciphering of historical documents and the analysis of game sheets referring to the inner logic of two types of wrestling. Born from the show business, then borrowed by “catch” wrestling, the inner logic of “greco roman” has progressively got more strict as it became “sportification”. Sport competition is now its only form of expression. It goes trough a violence just as symbolic (violation of private space through the playing on the floor) as real (the important degree of shocks when falling), making a gap with the process of habits and ways getting wilder. By keeping its play tonality, the “gouren” is of a more flexible nature, and more open to a larger public, women and children can resort to it as an activity for leisure. Even in its competition form the “gouren” keep its strong regional identity. As regards the wrestling aspect of it, this sport is probably not the best there is when playing is concerned
Rey, Pascale. "La responsabilité civile dans la pratique des sports alpins". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0063.
Texto completoThe expression « civil responsibility » refers to the all rules which compel the perpetrator of damage caused to a person to « answer », in the etymological sense of the term, and repair any harm done by giving compensation to the victim. The famous article 1382 of the Civil Code stipulates: « Any act committed by man causing harm to someone obliges the person by whom the harm was inflicted to repair it». The concept of fault is by no means defined by carelessness or negligence (almost unlawful act). The unlawful fault which is committed with the intention of inflicting damage will thus rarely be retained in the alpine sports sector. By contrast, the almost unlawful fault which is due to an error of conduct without intending harm, will however be frequently invoked in the court decisions judging mountain accidents. A sportsman who does not respect the rules also commits an error. The « rules and regulations » provided in Article L131-16 of the code of sport gives the monopoly to the federations, to determine the « technical rules corresponding to their discipline » as well as the « rules relative to the organization of any event open to their members ».If the concept of error has not disappeared, the concept of risk has developed considerably, especially under the influence of the social transformations from the 19th century on. The courts have developed, in the name of the necessity for compensation of victims, a bold case-law jurisprudence notably leading to the development of responsibilities without error. These developments made possible the civil responsibility insurance, have however reached their limits, leading to the intervention of the legislator, and to the adoption of real laws of compensation. Besides, the necessity for the safety of consumers is growing and we find this claim also even in dangerous sporting activities, like those in the mountains.The access to summits has become very much easier, so that almost all year round we can meet experienced and inexperienced mountaineers, on foot, on skis or on snowshoes. Even if there are more and more intermediate practices, the cleavages between the skier on the ski runs and the mountaineer are very real. Although the zero risk does not exist in the mountains, the general principles of civil responsibility should apply to alpine leisure sports by ensuring a maximum of security for participants. However, the theory of the acceptance of risks has its rightful place in mountain sports where the objective dangers are more numerous and where the concept of proven fault remains valid. Civil responsibility, in alpine sports has a compensatory but also preventative nature, notably through the instruction in the mountains
Paccard, Pierre. "Gestion durable de l'eau en montagne : le cas de la production de neige en stations de sports d'hiver". Phd thesis, Chambéry, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00572604.
Texto completoKerloc'h, Carl. "Sollicitation cardiaque chez des enfants de 10 ans pratiquant la randonnée en moyenne montagne : étude par enregistrement continu de l'activité cardiaque ( méthode de Holter)". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2M079.
Texto completoJoyce, Charles Anthony. "From left field, sport and class in Toronto, 1845-1886". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq22470.pdf.
Texto completoLe, Roy Loïc. "Préparation psychologique du "sportif" : l'esprit et la performance du Moyen-Age à nos jours". Bordeaux 2, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR21520.
Texto completoThis history of the psychological preparation for the « sportsmen », ranges from the Middle Ages to our days. It redraws the way was integrated the « moral sense » and the collective virtues which dominate the behaviors of the knights in the Middle Ages. During the Renaissance, with the creation of academic arts, occurs a new approach in the learning of the physical exercises based on « geometrized » and « mathematized » initiations putting at stake the mechanisms of feelings and the principles of memorization. These teaching methods develop the capacities of « judgment » and « reasoning » of the gentlemen. In Great Britain, in the middle of the XVIIth century, begins quite another attention on the functions of the spirit within the framework of the sports experiences: henceforth it refers to the « tranquility of mind » and to « stimulating » or « inciting » the mind faculties respecting the alternation of training and recovery phases. During the XIXth century, the English Training System is definitively imperative in Europe. It articulates around the new knowledge of the brain physiology inducing a new glance on the methods of training. The end of the XIXth century is marked by the emergence, in the United States, of a sport and exercise psychology based on scientific studies. It is from the 1960s, that programs of psychological preparation are applied to the sportsmen, coming to complete the physical, technical and tactical methods of training. Today, mental procedures play an integral part in the quest for athletic performance
Castanier, Carole. "Facteurs psychologiques de vulnérabilité aux conduites sportives à risques : le cas particulier des aspirants guides de haute montagne". Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA113005.
Texto completoThis doctorate study aims to assess the psychological factors of vulnerability to risky sports behaviours in future high mountain guides. It focuses on motivational and emotional variables linked with self-regulation and personality traits, and is based on three studies. The first study helps assess the specific psychological profile of future high mountain guides (N = 189) compared with both the general population and individuals engaged in other risky behaviours (i. E risk-taking athletes, N = 170 and firemen N = 121). The second study helps identify the role of motivational, emotional and personality variables in determining unsafe behaviours among those people taking risk at work (N = 188). The final study helps test the effects of risky behaviours on future mountain guides’ emotional experience (N = 118). Results show that future mountain guides are very far from the psychological profile of firemen and other individuals engaged in risky behaviours, Their characteristics are more like risky sports athletes’. On the whole, these individuals have a rather well-balanced psychological profile, although they may experience relational and emotional difficulties (Study 1). Besides, careless future high mountain guides are typically open to experiences, have a high lack of consciousness and tend to deliberately ignore self-conscience (Study 2). Their involvement in their practice (i. E mountain runs) together with a careless behaviour are their own approach to emotional self-regulation (Study 3)
Chardonnel, Sonia. "Emplois du temps et de l'espace. Pratiques des populations d'une station touristique de montagne". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1999. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00188966.
Texto completoTouron, Xavier. "L'Internet, "catalyseur" du renouvellement de l'offre en loisirs sportifs : l'exemple de Chamonix Mont Blanc". Montpellier 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON10012.
Texto completoArnaudet, Idriss Dupre Maryse. "HIMAL-RACE : une compétition extrême, des conditions extrêmes réflexions sur le mal aigu des montagnes, et le dopage dans les raids sportifs de haute altitude /". [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://theses.univ-nantes.fr/thesemed/MEDarnaudet.pdf.
Texto completoMephon, Harry P. "Les enjeux des activités physiques et sportives dans la construction d'une culture identitaire guadeloupéenne : genèse sociale et construction d'un espace de la performance". Nantes, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NANT3003.
Texto completoThe body plays a predominant role in Guadeloupean culture. In the 17th century, the violence of a colonial slave society gave rise to physical practices which were divided along racial lines. The second emancipation of the slaves in 1848, goes hand in hand with a certain pacification of the society. It allowed the restricted practice of the first sports among a select few though absolutely no interest was shown by the French authorities. At the beginning of the 20th century, religion and above all the Army were in change of health, public order and the military training of a large portion of the population. In the 1930s, other sports and techniques were spreading through the island. At the same time, a small number of Guadeloupeans were already setting themselves apart in the field of athletics in metropolitan France. Thanks to the establishment of sports in Guadeloupe and state organised migration the performance of Guadeloupeans athletes on the international scene gained recognition. Nowadays, the significant presence of Guadeloupeans on national teams stems from the social discrimination which affects this society. Guadeloupeans thus use the sporting arena as a avenue for achieving excellence and giving voice to their sense of self
Kerkouche, Malika. "Actualité d'un mythe : la secte des assassins et son exploitation dans la littérature francophone : le vieux de la montagne (Habib Tengour), samarcande (Amine Maalouf), le vieux de la montagne (Freidoune Sahebjam)". Paris 13, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA131015.
Texto completoMezin, Florent. "Des troupes alpines aux troupes de montagne : (1962-2012) : histoire d'un processus de légitimation professionnelleet d'affirmation d’une identité militaro-territoriale". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAH035.
Texto completoSince their creation in 1888, the Alpins form a separate subdivision within the French Army. The primary and specific mission of these territorially very marked units is to defend the Alpine border. In 1962, after two world wars and two decolonization wars, France enters a new era. In response to the threat, the nuclearization of the army is decided by the country. In this context of cold war, the Alpines units are merely territory troops. They become marginalized and hardly find a place as well in the new safety and national defence features as within the Alpins territories which are undergoing profoundchange. However, in 1983, to widespread surprise, the 27e Division Alpine joins the Force d’Action Rapide and takes part in its first external operation. This OPEX (EXternal OPeration) in Lebanon marks a beginning of rebirth for the Alpins. Their operational legitimacy was established by the deployment of mountain soldiers in Yugoslavia in the 1990s and then in Afghanistan in the 2000s. In the XXIth century, the henceforth professional army of the Alps occupies a novel place in the mountain territories and plays a new role to the Alpin societies. Indeed, the struggle for legitimation, appreciation and influence of the “mountain specificity” of the Alpin troops is not to be won on the battlefields only. The search for new traditions in an attempt to rebuild a mountain military identity,the organisation of various ceremonies in the public space, the reconstruction of a common heritage are all weapons in the hands of the 27e Brigade d’Infanterie de Montagne command for the purpose of continuing to exist in spite of the “perpetual reform” of the “Défense française”. The 27e Brigade d'Infanterie de Montagne remains guardian of the traditions of the former Alpins. The 27e BIM stays the emergency brigade of the French land army. Due to its acknowledged operational capabilities, it implements its specific expertise in various theatres, within the national territory or outside
Bourret, Christian. "Les Pyrénées centrales du XIème au milieu du XIXème siècle : espaces, pouvoirs et relations privilégiées dans une zone frontière de montagne". Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070124.
Texto completoEpron, Aurélie Robène Luc. "Histoire du gouren (XIXe-XXIe siècles) l'invention de la lutte bretonne /". Rennes : Université Rennes 2, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00282462/fr.
Texto completoRoyer, Anne-Julie. ""Sur la montagne nue" (texte de création) : suivi de L’écriture de l’autofiction à la troisième personne chez Gabrielle Roy, Marguerite Duras et Annie Ernaux et ses échos dans "Sur la montagne nue" (essai réflexif)". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25867.
Texto completoOuld, Saleck Mohamed. "Les jeux sportifs de l'Afrique de l'Ouest pré-coloniale : une ethnomotricité originale". Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05H003.
Texto completoCoulbaut-Lazzarini, Amélie. "Histoire et identité d'une Fédération Sportive : l'exemple de la FFEOMM Sports pour Tous". Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05S001.
Texto completoThrough the FFEPMM (Physical Training in the Modern World's French Federation) Sports for All's original history, this study tries to understand how a sporting organization can build its identity whereas it has neither specific sport nor strong ideology. Looking, from the origins to nowadays, at the values highlighted, the power which is at stake, but also the territorial's development and the federal communication, outlines of an identity become apparent. As well as appear the difficulties and the limits of that identitary building. The FFEPMM Sports for All was forerunner in the fact of taking care of various populations. But it lost its specificity as the society changed, and these populations have been taken into account. Likewise, for the Sports for All problematic, this federation was pionneer but let it escape when the State administration's policies developped, in the 80'. Nowadays, the Sport for All is highlighted again, but it is not specific to this federation any more. In this context, what positionment, what identity for this federation? Following step by step this organization's history, this thesis tries to bring a contribution to this question of identity. It also wants, by its pluridisciplinary look on the identity, the sporting organizations and the sport for all, to be a star dust offering its light to the STAPS's constellation
Morales, Yves. "Histoire des sports d'hiver dans le Jura français des origines aux années soixante". Lyon 1, 1999. http://ezproxy.normandie-univ.fr/login?url=http://univ.scholarvox.com/book/88871671.
Texto completoKane, Abdoul-Wahid. "Le sport au Sénégal : analyse socio-historique de la diffusion et de l'encadrement des pratiques (1920-2005)". Bordeaux 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR21232.
Texto completoThe study tries to analyze the methods and the logic which govern spreading of the frame of the modern sports practices in Senegal, from the colonial context until the independent skate. It restores the various steps of the process of the adoption of a colonial sports policy which becomes a reality with the proclamation of sports charter of the AOF and of Togo in 1941. At the independence of 1960, Senegal inherits an experience which places it in the first rank of the rising African sport. Then, from 1966, begin a series of reforms ending in the formalization of a national sports policy with adoption of a charter of sport. The ideal of a practice " democratized, multi-field and decentralized " meet serious difficulties to be set up. The forms and the different meanings allocated to the practices by the main actors are evoked to try to understand the permanence of their spreading differentieated in the time and the space of the country
Fournier, Dorothée. ""La glisse réinventée". La construction d'un territoire de sports et de loisirs : l'Oisans des années 1960 à nos jours". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAS001/document.
Texto completoThe definition of Oisans does not only refer to a coherent system of heights, but to symbolism around the mountains. The arrival of mountaineering in the 19th century is what made this area famous. The spread of a mass culture began in the beginning of the 20th century and transformed deeply the uses and the economic and social structuration of this land where pastoralism prevails. This intensifies in the 1960s, when recreational sports practices became a major resource in the Oisans economy. The economic fallout of winter sports thus encouraged the State to implement a policy of rational planning managed by the Plan neige (the snow plan). In Oisans, the attractiveness of new sites contributes to reversing the ratio of power between ski resorts at high altitudes and enclosed valleys. The interest for mountaineering withers in favor of skiing. With the increase of spare time, skiing becomes a new social and cultural norm, an innovation lever which does not spread out in a similar or homogeneous way. Indeed, behind the conventional speech conveyed by the agents of the transformation, one can find conflicts, cooperation and negotiations about the administration of the playing fields. A context of permanent crisis takes hold and stops the slight hope for development. In the 1970s, the conception of progress is thwarted by the expression of a trend annunciating new transformations. Simultaneously, some concerns are expressed against the urbanization of the mountains, which illustrates the controversies carried by these mutations. In the beginning of the 1980s, the spirit of winter and board sports, including snowboarding, mountain biking or hang-gliding, bring a breath of fresh air to Oisans. The representations based on these uses influence the different actors. Thereby, their contributions remodel the Oisans area in an asymmetric way, according to an innovation dynamic, which is unevenly shared within the area
Chardonnel, Sonia. "Emplois du temps et de l'espace, pratiques des populations d'une station touristique de montagne". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999GRE10005.
Texto completoThis thesis is on the re-use and re-dedication of buildings and urbanistic structures at tourist resorts in the french alps. It aims to optimise the use of the existing building organisation with the practices of individuals who frequent the resorts today. For this purpose, we have developed a method to evaluate the way these tourist resorts are organised. The method deals with the practices of individuals in a mountain resort with a focus on both their use of time and space. From a methodological and theoretical point of view, this approach is based on principles and concepts developped by torsten hagerstrand (lund university) for "timegeography". The fundamental ideas of time-geography are presented and further analysed from different works issued from the geography group at lund university. We then define goals of such an approach, that takes into account a global picture of the actions of individuals and groups. This helps to better understand the mechanisms and process that regulate, on a daily basis, these actions in space and time. As an example, we present a survey that was taken using tourists, permanent inhabitants and seasonal workers as subjects, at the station of valloire (savoie). The individuals were asked to record their activities during the course of the day in a diary, indicating the time and their location. Attempts to analyse this information are presented in a twofold approach. A statistical treatment summarises many pieces of information by extracting similarities in the diaries. Further insight is made possible by explorating a temporal data base that considers the sequence and the routine of the individual activities
Wozniak, Marie. "L'architecture dans " l'aventure des sports d'hiver " : stations de Tarentaise (1945-2000) : l'image de la montagne en construction : s'inscrire dans le temps, s'ancrer dans l'espace ?" Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE10045.
Texto completoThe winter sports resorts tourist architecture is based on social images of the mountain; whether it claims a form of acculturated modernity or displays the signs of a re-invented syncretic alpine tradition. Devoted to city-dwellers on holiday, these elevated cities are developped according to their social practices and their universe of reference. Their architecture and urban development are part of an imaginative urban world, so they question the bond that unites these buildings are their territories : history's long term and fashion's short term, permanent settlement and exotic scenery, daily life and holiday time, search of identity and distinctive practices, town and country planning marketing. In this thesis, sociological, economic and historical data are the basis of an architectural and urban analysis of a set of winter sports resorts of the Tarentaise Valley. Their tourist architecture is designed to be a "mountain" one, thus analysing it contributes to a cultural reading of this geographical object
Lesage, Thierry. "Les jeux de paume et de raquette : filiations, logique interne et déterminants culturels". Paris 5, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA05H086.
Texto completoWith a view to shedding light on their kinship, palm and racket games are considered according to both a diachronic and synchronic approach, based on a corpus of 217 practices. By putting the subject under study in its socio-historical context, the diachronic view clearly shows the main thread that notably links the original palm game of the late Middle Ages to present day sports like tennis, table tennis, squash or pelota. The synchronic view. Which does not rely directly on time-related changes, shows the true nature of these practices through the analysis oftheir internal logic. In the context ofa comparative process between diachrony and synchrony, the study of conceptual tools specific to systematics of evolution sciences could prove itself worthwhile to give an account of the characteristic features of sporting games considered in a chronological way. While bearing in mmd the cultural determiners of changes and filiations
François, Hugues. "De la station ressource pour le territoire au territoire pour la station. Le cas des stations de moyenne montagne périurbaines de Grenoble". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185781.
Texto completoDès lors, le territoire n'est plus considéré comme un support neutre pour un pôle de croissance à partir duquel le développement se diffuse. Au contraire, ce dernier apparaît comme un réservoir de ressources sous exploitées, alors même qu'elles se révèlent particulièrement stratégiques vis-à-vis du renouvellement des formes de compétitivité. Prises dans la dynamique de construction territoriale (dont elles sont issues en même temps qu'elles contribuent à son renouvellement), ces ressources apparaissent comme spécifiques. Elles permettent donc de privilégier des stratégies de différenciation qualitatives plutôt qu'uniquement quantitatives. Les notions de Rente de Qualité Territoriale et de panier de biens territorialisé constituent la base de nos recherches quant à la mobilisation d'une valeur ajoutée d'origine purement territoriale.
Dans le cas des stations de sports d'hiver, le développement d'un tourisme générique sous l'influence du Plan Neige constitue un contexte d'observation particulier. En effet, l'appropriation locale de ces ensembles productifs participe de la construction d'un véritable Système Touristique Localisé. Paradoxalement, regarder les stations sous cet angle implique de tenir compte à la fois des spécificités de l'organisation de la production du ski d'une station à l'autre, mais également de considérer la diffusion du mode de développement générique et les risques associés de raréfaction de la spécificité. Ainsi, la diversification de l'offre touristique en station de moyenne montagne interroge directement les formes de leur ancrage local et leur capacité de mobilisation des ressources territoriales.
Afin d'étudier ces trajectoires de développement, la thèse propose de s'intéresser aux stations périurbaines de Grenoble qui représentent un laboratoire des tendances se dessinant actuellement. En nous appuyant sur une diversité d'outils, entretiens semi-directifs, information géographique et approche statistique, nous proposons d'étudier les conditions du renversement du rapport de force entre station et territoire comme moteurs successifs du développement local.
Vermet, Paul. "L'etat et le sport moderne en france (1936-1986), les structures, les textes, les hommes". Caen, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990CAEN1078.
Texto completoIn june 1936, leon blum - president of the council of the popular government, for the first tile in france, appoints an under-secretary in charge of sports. From that date and for the next 50 years (1936-1986), all the following french governments will have a ministry in charge of the youth and sports. This thesis is presented in the form of 5 sub-periods and in chronological order : -1936-1940 (the end of the 3rd republic), 1940-1944 (the french state), 1944-1958 (the liberation - the 4 th republic), 1958-1974 (the 5 th republic : de gaulle - pompidou), 1974-1978 (the 5th republic : giscard d'estaing - mitterrand). As it appears in the title, each of these five sub-periods is studied in three aspects : - the structures : that is the organisations set up by the state to fulfill its mission concerning sports. - the texts : only the importants texts and official which might give an idea of the doctrine of the state have been selected. - the men : some biographical notes about the personalities who have taken on responsabilitiesat the head of different state authorities in charge of sports
Etchelecou, André. "Demographie et amenagement de l'espace dans les pyrenees occidentales". Paris 8, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA080149.
Texto completoThe country society in western pyrenees was characterized by a strong communal organization, by family primacy over person, by the coparcenary and inalienability of family's property, by importants rights of user over collectives lands, by preferential relations with spanish pyrenees. Space had a pre-eminent function from which depends the peopling evolution. The study of demographic behaviour (fecundity, marriage-rate, mortality, migrations) from xviiie till nowadays shows a differential demographic transition compared with france which reveals a lasting resistance to imposed cultural and structural change, until the end of 1960. With the territory development era for touristic economy (after 1960) country people is now a minority. The mountain space became a stake for head power, and then, with decentralization, for local power, and an object of conflicts about his fonction (social, ecologic and economic). More than a work place, to-day mountain is a place of abode and leisure. We must look at future with double cares: the rationality in economic administration and rationality for protection of biological diversity; which means reforms of process decision for space development
Boutros, Ramez. "Dayr al-ʿAdrã-̉Ǧabal al-Ṭayr couvent de la Vierge - Montagne des oiseaux : archéologie et histoire d'un lieu de pèlerinage chrétien en Moyenne-Egypte". Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR20004.
Texto completoZaidan, Patricia. "L'équipe libanaise de wushu : histoire d'une construction identitaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Corte, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CORT0010.
Texto completoThe thesis explores the evolution of Wushu Kung-fu in Lebanon, a Mediterranean nation characterized by its political and social challenges. Despite the country's tensions and religious divides, Wushu Kung-fu has been a unifying force among the Lebanese since the 1970s, culminating in the country winning five medals at the 2019 World Championship.At the heart of this research is the story of Wushu's Chinese origins, its introduction in Lebanon and its growth. The thesis analyzes on one hand the Lebanese leaders’ strategies to control community divisions and political-economic challenges within this sport and from the other the role of the Lebanese Wushu Kung-fu Federation and its interactions with both local and external entities. Furthermore, the thesis illuminates the interplay between sports and politics.Wushu, known in the West primarily as kung fu, is a multifaceted sport, deeply rooted in Chinese philosophy, symbolizing the quest for harmony between body, mind, and soul. Its history, diverse styles, and character show its richness. The sport's global propagation is attributed to the diaspora of Chinese masters and Bruce Lee's cinematic influence. Yet, its recognition as an Olympic discipline will only come in the Youth Olympic Games of 2026. In Lebanon, Wushu's integration necessitated adaptations to the local culture, resulting in a uniquely Lebanese version of the sport leading to the interchangeable use of "wushu" and "kung-fu”. Firstly, while examining the martial arts landscape of Lebanon, we note how certain sports and clubs display community divisions while others exhibit transcendent national unity. Through interviews, the thesis unravels the stories of key federation and national team members, with a mention of Wushu's introduction to Lebanon by Jean Khoury in 1970, its subsequent institutionalization, and the accomplishments of the Lebanese Wushu Kung-fu Federation (FLWKF). While the FLWKF is currently comprised of mostly Christian members, its foundation had both Christian and Muslim contributors, and the federation never excluded Muslim community members. The geolocation of clubs and the career paths of its founders are deemed reasons for this makeup. The thesis underscores that despite sociopolitical tensions, sectarian divides minimally impacted the sport's performance.Secondly, the thesis delves into interviews with various sports stakeholders, investigating their perceptions and narratives about the emerging sport, especially regarding women's roles in combat sports. Through a systematic analysis, the research evaluates how sports, specifically Wushu, can shape and disseminate a positive national image, both locally and internationally. The Lebanese Wushu Kung-fu Federation holds notable achievements on the global stage despite budget constraints.In conclusion, this research chronicles the emergence of Wushu as a rallying sport in a country recognized for its significant sectarianism due to eighteen coexisting religious confessions. The Lebanese Wushu Kung Fu Federation's rise, predominantly with a Christian identity, showcases Wushu's potential as a national unifying symbol. The thesis opens on the need to expand the sport across Lebanon, especially in Muslim-majority regions, to promote female participation and to utilize Wushu as a tool for individual and collective well-being in Lebanon's diverse landscape
East, Jocelyn. "Les dynamismes organisationnels de l'institutionnalisation du sport au Québec (1900-1967)". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28577.
Texto completoSeigneur, Viviane. "La sécurité en haute montagne : penser la sécurité, jugement de fait, jugement de valeur...et autres jugements : approche anthropologique et sociologique". Rouen, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ROUEL448.
Texto completoThe subject of this thesis is security in high mountain. This work reveals how the security initiatives are built and what the regulation mechanics are. With this aim in view, the research focus on the knowledge which influences on this mechanisms. This knowledge is studied from three points of view. The first one is about the daily life, the second one is about the institutional world and the last one is about the general relationships with risk. Moreover, this research studies the weight of the "non rationals logics" as opposed to "interests logics" (more or less economics) which influence the collective organisation of security. The high mountain is a good illustration with its little economic stakes, a limited scientific knowledge and a very strong mythical potential. The socio-anthropological approach is particularly interesting to identify this different "non rational" dynamisms
Hagimont, Steve. "Commercialiser la nature et les façons d'être : une histoire sociale et environnementale de l'économie et de l'aménagement touristiques (Pyrénées françaises et espagnoles XIXe-XXe siécle)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20093/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this work is to consider the local appropriation of a global change of imaginary, which transforms the mountains, their environment and their societies into objects of touristic desires and consumables since the eighteenth century. This study examines a long period of time (between the end of the 18th century and the end of the 20th century) and draws on a pioneering area regarding European tourism (French and Spanish Pyrenees). The touristic transformation of environmental elements (landscapes, waters, biosphere, climate, snow) and specific lifestyles puts some mountain spaces at the core of a highly contemporary economic, social and cultural movement. Tourism, which emergence coincides with industrialization, appears as a form of compensation for industrial and urban "overflows" and as an essential complement to modernization. Its strong growth rates make it a full-fledged sector of the contemporary economy. All along this history, some regions of the Pyrenees reach the best level of equipment and reputation
Jarnet, Loïc. "La légitimation des politiques de l'éducation physique scolaire en France". Paris 4, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA040204.
Texto completoWhy does physical and sports education, a compulsory scholastic discipline, exist? What is it based on? The idea of PE for all, included in the national education system, appeared during the second half of the 18th century in a specific context. Its functionality began with the moderate 3rd republic; it acquired its consistency under de Gaulle. Today, the doctrines of PE are divided into two fundamental positions: those who feel that the objectivity of PE lies in a particular science; and others who believe that PE can only apply “rationales” which are constituted elsewhere. However, PE is based upon a rationale which is both formal (an intrinsic force based on several paradigms) and material (extrinsic forces: political, economic, social). It is the endogenous rationalizations which ensure its reason for being, which explains why the state universalizes it. The boudonian methodology demonstrates that PE is based on knowledge: it maintains that the consequences confirm the principles and, in turn, the principles cause the consequences. From this perspective, reality is questioned through paradigms. The knowledge of PE cannot, therefore, be presented in the form of an immense hypothetical-deductive theory resulting from a few principles. But rather, it takes the form of a gap-ridden intertwining of hypothetical-deductive theories. The methodological and pedagogical concern subsequently compels a choice to be made among the most pertinent elements. But from an epistemological point of view, after 1945, the concepts of PE were dominated by marxist-oriented categories generating preconceived ideas introduced by contemporary research carried out with unrelenting exegesis. For logical and empirical reasons, PE has now become sports oriented. But the grand explanatory theories of the sports phenomenon, today dominated by irrational theories valorizing social causality, affirm that sports are based on illusory adhesions. However, cognitive-oriented sociology demonstrates that, like PE, sports are based on a contextual rationale. PE is therefore founded on a network of “good reasons” confronted with reality and which cannot pretend to exist without any relationship to human dignity
Viaud, Baptiste. "Panser les deux mondes : médecines et sports, entre principes hippocratiques et performances". Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009NANT3032.
Texto completoDelerce, Arnaud. "Recherches sur le chartrier d'Aulps : reconstitution, édition et commentaire des chartes d'une abbaye cistercienne de montagne (1097-1307)". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0106.
Texto completoThis thesis is divided into three sections: an introductory volume and two further volumes of primary evidence with analysis, the first encompassing the period 1097 -1252, the second from 1252-1307, representing 662 acts in total. The introduction contains five chapters. The first chapter details the history of Aulps Abbey. The monastery was founded at the end of the 11th century at 800 metres in the diocese of Geneva and was affiliated to the Cistercian Order in 1136. The second chapter presents the methodology employed to reconstitute the lost monastic archive (archiver's notes, inventories, historical scholarly work. . . ) The third chapter is dedicated to the abbey's economic life and particularly to its role in exploiting the mountains as a resource. The abbot's powers and those of the monastery's other monks with decision-making powers are taken up in the fourth chapter. The final chapter's statistical analysis throws light on the chronological order of the acts, as well as their judicial and political context. The two volumes of acts explored in this thesis are followed by indexes of names, subjects and seals
Allain, Bernard. "Des jeux de balle traditionnels au rugby professionnel : histoire d'une domination économique et politique des corps". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010VERS023S.
Texto completoWhy did rugby turn professional more than a century after its football counterpart ? In order to understand such a time-lag, we shall evoke the history of ball games and that of their practitioners. They will tell us about the emergence of the two sports as the result of conflicts and struggles between social groups for the political, economic and symbolic domination of each of the two practices. Despite the split involved by this choice in 1895, the people in charge of rugby opted for an amateur ethos and thanks to various protections created by their institution or not, they managed to impose it, at least apparently. But in response to the inapplicability of that outdated dogma the “amateurisme marron” settled locally and rugby gradually unofficially made its production mode similar to that of the capitalistic society. The rationalization of its body production would both be the cause of its turning professional and its main consequence