Tesis sobre el tema "Spectroscopie Raman exaltée en surface"
Crea una cita precisa en los estilos APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard y otros
Consulte los 50 mejores tesis para su investigación sobre el tema "Spectroscopie Raman exaltée en surface".
Junto a cada fuente en la lista de referencias hay un botón "Agregar a la bibliografía". Pulsa este botón, y generaremos automáticamente la referencia bibliográfica para la obra elegida en el estilo de cita que necesites: APA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver, Chicago, etc.
También puede descargar el texto completo de la publicación académica en formato pdf y leer en línea su resumen siempre que esté disponible en los metadatos.
Explore tesis sobre una amplia variedad de disciplinas y organice su bibliografía correctamente.
Delhaye, Caroline. "Spectroscopie Raman et microfluidique : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR13927/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the development of a microfluidic platform coupled with confocal Raman microscopy, used in excitation conditions of Raman scattering (Surface enhanced Raman scattering, SERS) in order to gain in the detection sensitivity of molecular species flowing in channels of micrometer dimensions. This work aims to demonstrate the feasibility of coupling Raman microscopy / microfluidics for the in situ and local characterization of species and reactions taking place in the fluid flowing in microchannels. We used a T-shaped microchannel, made by soft lithography, in which gold or silver nanoparticles injected at constant speed, in one of the two branches of the channel and a solution of pyridine or pefloxacin in the other one. The laminar flow and the stationarity of the process allowed us to map the mixing zone and highlight the enhancement of the Raman signal of pyridine and pefloxacin, due to the metallic nanoparticles, in the interdiffusion zone. The recording of the both absorption band of the silver nanoparticles (plasmon band) and the Raman signal of pefloxacin, flowing in microchannel, allowed us to establish a link between the shape of the metallic nanostructure, and more precisely the silver nanoparticle aggregation state, and the enhancement of the Raman signal of pefloxacin observed. We then changed the channel geometry to introduce an electrolyte solution (NaCl and NaNO3) and locally modify the surface charge of the colloids. We have put in evidence that the change of the silver nanoparticle aggregation state, induced by the controlled addition of electrolyte solutions, could amplify the SERS signal of pefloxacin and thus optimizing the detection in microfluidics. At last, we established second a approach that consists in the metallic structuring of microchannel walls. This has shown that the surface chemical functionalization through organosilanes (APTES) allowed the pasting of the channel with silver nanoparticles, thus amplifying the Raman signal of the species flowing within the same microchannel
Haidar, Israa. "Nouvelles plateformes plasmoniques pour la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC307.
Texto completoThe design of novel plasmonic platforms for Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) constitutes a very active field of research in nanosciences. Such platforms can be used for the detection and identification of various analytes at very low concentration, through a huge amplification of the Raman signal, resulting from the excitation of localized surface plasmon resonances. The main objective of my phd is to develop and to characterize new SERS substrates obtained by chemical assembly (surface functionalization) of nanoparticles with controlled hot spots. Design of such substrates contributes to a better understanding of the mechanisms of electromagnetic enhancement considered at the origin of the SERS effect
Julien, Carine. "Fluorescence et Diffusion Raman exaltée de surface (SERS) de molécules individuelles". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011564.
Texto completoPar microscopie grand champ de fluorescence, l'émission de molécules uniques de pérylène orange insérées dans un film solgel mince, par enregistrement de films d'une large zone de l'échantillon sur laquelle plus d'une centaine d'émetteurs individuels sont détectés, fournit des informations sur cette espèce et la matrice sondée. Pour exploiter les films, un outil logiciel a été développé. Les processus de photoblanchiment, la mobilité moléculaire, la nucléation des molécules excitées sont mis en évidence et discutés. On note une grande richesse des dynamiques temporelles d'émission, mais aussi des spectres qui reflètent notamment la reconformation proposée du pérylène orange excité. Il s'ensuit l'existence de nombreux nanoenvironnements différents dans la matrice poreuse.
Par microscopie confocale à balayage, le signal de diffusion Raman exaltée de surface de molécules uniques organique adsorbées sur des agrégats d'argent de morphologie complexe est exploité. Certains objets présentent une exaltation géante, estimée être de plus de 14 ordres de grandeur, ce qui permet l'enregistrement de spectres résolus en seulement une seconde. L'analyse chimique offerte permet de distinguer différentes espèces, et la présence nécessaire sur ces points chauds d'Ag+ est démontrée. Une caractérisation corrélée par microscopie électronique des agrégats actifs repérés met aussi en avant l'existence d'une morphologie privilégiée, avec de nombreuses protubérances de dimension nanométrique et interstices.
Le, Nader Victor. "Approche expérimentale et théorique de la diffusion Raman exaltée : résonance des plasmons de surface et effet de pointe". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00559365.
Texto completoMakiabadi, Tahereh. "Étude de surfaces nanostructurées : applications à la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface et à la résonance de plasmons localisés". Nantes, 2010. http://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show.action?id=eb8aaf03-cd71-46c6-a427-2c4cf47a3a49.
Texto completoThe objectives of this work are the realization, characterization and optimization of nanostructured surfaces, e. G. Substrates for the surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and the surface plasmon resonance. Several main contributions were performed. The first one is based on the grafting of silver and gold nanoparticles on functionalized supports. Our bottomup approach enabled us to highlight the optimal conditions to obtain a mono-layer of nanoparticles, with homogeneous distribution and an important density. The curves of extinction and factors of exaltation were quantified and modeled. Also, the manufacturing time was optimized. The second contribution, which is based on a top-down approach, consists of making nanostructures by electro erosion of a thin film of silver or gold, carried out by physical deposit in vapor phase. This procedure, which relies on the optimization of oxidation-reduction cycle (ORC), was employed to realize rough films and metal nanostructures. The presence of nanostructures and the nano cavities on the substrates were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) atomic force microscopy (AFM). The limit of detection by Raman spectrometry was evaluated at 1nM. The optimal conditions obtained from the curves of extinction and Raman scattering made it possible to converge towards a reliable and reproducible manufacturing protocol. The third contribution is the deposit of nanoparticles on optical fibers in order to evaluate the sensitivity of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR)
Yazidi, Senda. "Structure et propriétés optiques de nanoparticules couplées : application à la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface". Thesis, Poitiers, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018POIT2279/document.
Texto completoThe aim of this work is to use nanostructured alumina surfaces to guide the growth and to optimize the organization of metallic particles (Ag, Au and AgxAu1-x), and to test those systems as reusable SERS-active substrates. We used spectrophotometry to characterize the resulting optical properties, spectroscopic ellipsometry for the determination of the optical index and transmission electron microscopy for the structural characterizations. Surfaced-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used for the detection of adsorbed bipyridine molecules on the sample surface, in collaboration with the Institut des Matériaux Jean Rouxel at Nantes. We first study systems consisting of monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles in order to understand the growth modes of such particle assemblies. A particular attention is paid to the influence of the sequential deposition of Au and Ag on the structural and optical properties. We show that different arrangements of bimetallic nanoparticles are obtained according to the deposition sequence used and that an alloy is obtained after ex situ annealing under vacuum. The near-field and far-field optical properties of AgxAu1-x nanoparticle alloys embedded in an alumina matrix are compared numerically by the finite difference time domain method, with those of pure metal nanoparticles. Our results indicate that pure metal nanoparticles exhibit a greater field enhancement than alloy nanoparticles. Finally, SERS experiments conducted with a dichroic system made of coupled Ag nanoparticles show that an intense SERS signal can be obtained with coated nanoparticles
Grand, Johan. "Plasmons de surface de nanoparticules : spectroscopie d'extinction en champs proche et lointain, diffusion Raman exaltée". Troyes, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TROY0014.
Texto completoThe intrinsic weakness of the Raman process makes its application in a near field optical experiment rather difficult. Thus, as a first step towards near field Raman spectroscopy, we studied Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS), a technique that enables the detection of very low concentration of molecules adsorbed on rough metallic surfaces. For the purpose of the near field experiments, these SERS-active samples have to be reproducible and yield good enhancement factors. By designing metallic nanoparticle grating through electron beam lithography, we manage to vary the shape, size and arrangement of the particles, hence enabling a fine tuning of the Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) over the whole visible spectrum. We then investigate the relationship between the spectral position of the LSPR and the SERS intensity. The enhancement factor turned out to depend not only on the spectral position of the LSPR, but also on the shape of the metallic nanoparticles on which the surface plasmon is localized. In the same time, we build up an Apertureless Scanning Near Field Optical Microscope (ASNPM) set-up. The microscope is based on an atomic force microscope and a confocal detection coupled to a spectrometer. The near field/far field discrimination is achieved through the use of a lock-in detection of a photon counting device. Using this set-up along with a white light continuum, generated by coupling a Photonic Crystal Fiber to a Ti:Sa laser, made it possible to investigate the near field optical response of metallic nanoparticle gratings at different excitation wavelengths. A photon counting scheme was then used to directly record near field “extinction” spectra
Touzalin, Thomas. "Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy on electrochemical systems". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SORUS364.
Texto completoThe in situ investigation of electrochemical interfaces structures at the nanoscale is a key element in the understanding of charge and electron transfer mechanisms e.g. in the fields of energy storage or electrocatalysis. This thesis introduces the implementation of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) in liquid and in electrochemical conditions enabling the nanoscale analysis of electrified solid/liquid interfaces through the strong and local electric field enhancement at gold or silver scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) probes. The ability of TERS to image inhomogeneities in the coverage density of a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) through a layer of organic solvent on gold was demonstrated. A TERS-inspired analytical tool was also developed, based on a TERS tip used simultaneously as a single-hot spot surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform and as a microelectrode (EC tip SERS). The reduction of an electroactive SAM could then be monitored by electrochemical and in situ SERS measurements. In situ electrochemical STM-TERS was also evidenced through the imaging of local variations of the electric field enhancement on peculiar sites of a gold electrode with a lateral resolution lower than 8 nm. Finally TERS also demonstrated to be efficient in investigating the structure of organic layers grafted either by electrochemical reduction or spontaneously. This work is therefore a major advance for the analysis of functionalized surfaces
Reymond-Laruinaz, Sébastien. "Biomolécules et systèmes nanostructurés : caractérisation par spectrométrie Raman exaltée de surface (SERS)". Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS023/document.
Texto completoThis work addressed the study of several kinds of nanostructured systems, biomolecules and inorganic thin films, mainly by Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). The aim was to investigate the structure and the chemical bonds. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was also used to complete the structural characterization of the different samples.Firstly, the study was conducted on molecules of biological interest. The aim was to study the interaction between silver nanoparticles and proteins. With this aim, silver nanoparticles bioconjugated with different proteins (hemoglobin, cytochrome C, BSA and lysozim) were synthesized. SERS results allowed concluding that proteins are chemisorbed on the silver nanoparticules surface. SERS was also used in the low frequency range to characterize the structure of thin deposits of caffeine, a molecule of pharmaceutical interest.Raman spectroscopy and SERS were also used to study nanostructured TiO2:Au thin films. The first stages of the growth of gold nanoparticles in Au doped TiO2 thin films under annealing treatments were studied by low frequency Raman spectroscopy and TEM. Finally, it was shown that SERS effect can be used for the characterization of ultra-thin TiO2 films. With this aim, ultra-thin TiO2 films were deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition on Si substrates functionalized with gold nanoparticles and studied by SERS
Grimault, Anne-Sophie. "Modélisation du champ proche de structures résonantes 3D : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface". Troyes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TROY0006.
Texto completoWe studied the position of the localized surface plasmon resonance and the surface enhanced Raman scattering of periodic arrays of metallic nanostructures with different size, form and environment. To calculate localized surface plasmon resonance and the Raman gain, we developed a numerical code based on the finite difference time domain method using the Drude-Lorentz dispersion model. Our results highlighted a strong influence of the geometry and environment of the nanoparticles on their resonance plasmon and their Raman signal. We observed dipolar and multipolar plasmon mode resonances as well as a shift between the position of the Plasmon resonance and the position of the maximum of the intensity of the Raman signal, whatever the size and the form of the nanoparticles. This numerical tool can thus make it possible to optimize manufacture of samples, by giving the parameters of size, form and environment necessary to achieve the most intense Raman signals
Edely, Mathieu. "Etudes de surfaces métalliques nanolithographiées : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface". Thesis, Le Mans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEMA1020.
Texto completoSince the first observation of Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) in 1974 a variety of methods have been developed to physically control the arrangement of metallic nanostructures onto a surface in order to enhance Raman signals. The magnitude of the SERS enhancement factor is mainly driven by the enhanced local electromagnetic field in nanostructured metal surfaces. Gaps between adjacent nanoparticles give rise to strong enhancement effects, often referred as ‘hot spots’. One way to produce highly efficient SERS substrates is to develop a reproducible system of interacting metal nanostructures capable of high field enhancement.We patented a force-assisted Atomic Force Microscopy lithographic method allowing the fabrication of a metallic substrate. It will be shown that this method also provides a relatively simple approach to realize reproducible patterns with controlled geometry that can be used to study the influence of specific pattern geometry on SERS phenomenon.In order to investigate the relationship between optical properties and pattern geometries, localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and local electric field enhancement are simulated.Whereas electric field enhancement regions (hot spot) have been observed on the top of the nanostructures with PhotoEmission Electron Microscopy (PEEM), SERS effect has been demonstrated by performing Raman measurements using several probe molecules. Correlations between PEEM measurements, Raman exaltation and local field calculations are presented in relation with the geometrical parameters of the nanostructured patterns
Makiabadi, Tahereh. "Etude de surfaces nanostructurées : applications à la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface et à la résonance de plasmons localisés". Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00467582.
Texto completoChapus, Lionel. "Organisation de nanoparticules de métaux nobles : application à la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface et à l'électrochimie". Thesis, Paris 6, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA066258/document.
Texto completoMetallic nanoparticles (NPs) have been subjected to a growing interest these last years in various domains such as healthcare, environment or electronics. In this thesis, we were particularly interested in the application of NPs mono or bimetallic made of noble metals in plasmonic domain. In this way, we synthesized by organometallic route, monometallic NPs of gold, silver and copper with a diameter ranging from 5 to 11 nm and characterized by a narrow polydispersity. After deposition on a solid substrate, they organized themselves spontaneously in 3D forming individual supercrystals. We studied the optical properties of these supercrystals, by measuring their absorbance spectra in function of their thicknesses and the nature of the NPs. Then, we showed that these supercrystals can be used as SERS substrates. The mean diameter of the NPs is way smaller than the ones reported in the literature. These substrates display a uniform and reproductible signal from a supercrystal to another. The Raman spectra of coating agent (alkanethiols or alkylamines) have been collected and enhancement factor ranging from 103 to 104 have been calculated. After verification by electroreflectance of NPs stability over a wide potential range, we coupled SERS with electrochemistry by using a monolayer of organized gold NPs as an electrode. Coverage rates for two different molecules adsorbed on the NPs have been calculated. Moreover, we could follow and confirm the species formation during the oxydoreduction reactions of the adsorbed molecules by SERS. Finally, we synthesized core-shell NPs Au@Ag, Ag@Au and alloy NPs Cu-Au by using gold, silver and copper NPs as seeds. Their structures and chemical compositions have been studied. Their optical spectra have been measured by UV-Visible spectroscopy and simulated by DDA (Discrete Dipole Approximation). They confirmed the core-shell and alloy structures. By low frequency Raman spectroscopy, for the Au@Ag NPs, we showed a coupling between the core and the shell in accordance with the core-shell model developed in the literature. For the Cu-Au NPs, low-frequency Raman signal is in agreement with the formation of an alloy
Gehan, Hélène. "Nano-structuration de substrats à points chaud contrôlés : application à la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface". Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077196.
Texto completoSince the last decade, the development of coupled nanoparticles (NPs) assemblies has been particularly studied for applications in surface enhanced spectroscopy. In this field, the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS is considered as an extremely sensitive tool, allowing the detection of very few amounts of various molecules type (drugs, explosives, biological molecules). It requires very huge electromagnetic field enhancements occurring within the gap between coupled NPs, called hot-spot. However, one of the major difficulties is the non-reproducibility of these hot spots, occurring by generally random NPs aggregates. In this work, we propose to design and to characterize by SERS structured assemblies of coupled gold nanostructures. Two ways are explored: (i) the development of substrates in which coupled gold NPs are self-assembled in an patterned way. This strategy shows that a small amount of coupled NPs is favourable to the detection of few molecules. On the other hand, the case of a great amount of coupled NPs is rather favorable to common analytical studies. Moreover, this method is adaptable to various form of NPs. (ii) The second strategy consist in a plasmonic device made of gold NPs separated from a gold film through a thermoresponsive polymer layer. Studies using electrochemistry and SERS as the function of the temperature show an interaction between the gold film and the NPs. This interaction is dependent on the distance between these two entities which is controlled by conformational changes of the polymer layer in response to temperature variations. A new setup which can make an image of the near field enhanced areas. The main idea is about the adsorbate molecule which is sensible to the near field, although its enhanced Raman scattering detection is done in far field. We can say that the molecule frustrate the near field in order to give an image of this local field
Polovinkin, Vitaly. "Utilisation des amphipols pour les études de spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface et de cristallographie aux rayons X appliquées aux protéines membranaires". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENY069.
Texto completoAmphipols (APols) have become important tools for the stabilization, folding, and in vitro structural and functional studies of membrane proteins (MPs). MPs are the main functional units of biomembranes and represent roughly one-third of the proteins encoded in the genome. The first part of my work was dedicated to crystallization of a MP trapped by APol. Direct crystallization of MPs solubilized in APols would be of high importance for structural biology. However, despite considerable efforts, it is still not clear whether MP/APol complexes can be used to form well-ordered crystals suitable for X-ray crystallography. The first major goal of this PhD thesis work was to show that APol-trapped MP can be crystallized in meso. To perform it we utilized special, flexibly adjustable for a certain MP, interconnected amphiphilic bilayers (IAB) approach which has been recently developed in our laboratory. We used bacteriorhodopsin (BR) trapped with APol A8-35 as a model system for our crystallization studies. The first obtained crystals diffracted to 3 Å, while a new developed type of high throughput nanovolume crystallization, exploiting dry precipitants, shifted the observed X ray diffraction peaks beyond 2 Å. The structure of BR was solved to 2 Å and found to be indistinguishable from previous structures obtained with a detergent-solubilized protein. We suggest that the proposed protocol of in meso crystallization is generally applicable to APol-trapped MPs.The second, to a certain extent, complementary part of the present work was related to application of APols to the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) studies of MPs. SERS spectroscopy has been developed dramatically since its discovery in the 1970s. It is a powerful analytical tool for selective sensing of molecules adsorbed onto noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) and nanostructures, including at the single molecule (SM) level. Unfortunately, MPs studies are far away from the main stream of SERS applications due to the great handling difficulties resulting from the amphiphilic nature of MPs. The ability of APols to trap MPs and keep them soluble, stable and functional opens the way for highly interesting applications of SERS studies, possibly at the SM level. Thus, the second goal of this PhD thesis work was to prove our concept of feasibility of SERS with MPs trapped by APols. Using the same as in the crystallization studies model BR/A8-35 complexes and silver NP aggregates, the task was fulfilled to a degree enough to start with the SERS studies of MPs.The first chapter of the PhD thesis begins with general information about the importance of MP studies and the problems with their handling. Further in this chapter, a brief overview of APols, their properties and applications is presented. The largest part of the “Introduction” is dedicated to main points of different MP crystallization approaches and Raman spectroscopy, in particular SERS spectroscopy, and their applications to proteins. The end of the “Introduction” part presents the conclusions about APol application for X-ray crystallography and SERS spectroscopy studies of MPs, setting the main goals for the present work. The “Materials and methods” chapter consists of detailed description of the materials and protocols used in this study. The results of crystallization and SERS studies and their interpretations are presented as two different parts in the last “Results and discussions” chapter. The “Conclusions and perspectives” sections accompany each of these parts
Tchinda, Sonhapi Arielle. "Analyse Conformationnelle des Protéines en Réponse à l'Environnement (pH et Température) par Spectroscopie Raman Exaltée en Surface (SERS)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UBFCK080.
Texto completoThe thesis presented offers an in-depth exploration of protein structures and behaviors, with a particular focus on their interactions with colloidal gold nanoparticles. To analyze protein modifications in response to variations in pH and temperature, Arielle utilizes Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) techniques as well as microfluidics.The analysis of protein secondary structure, using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model, reveals close links with the overall protein conformation. Changes in pH and temperature result in significant conformational alterations, visible in the analysis of amides I, II, and III. Furthermore, the study is not limited to well-structured proteins but also encompasses intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs), which adopt flexible conformations in response to their environment, thus expanding our understanding of the structural complexity of proteins.Exploring protein-nanoparticle interactions serves as a basis for understanding how this structural diversity translates into a variety of biological functions. Arielle employs an innovative approach based on Markov chains to analyze protein disorder, providing a comprehensive view of protein flexibility and plasticity, with successful applications to BSA and alpha-synuclein.Finally, the thesis underscores the importance of understanding conformational dynamics at the single-protein level in biological processes, with potential implications for medical and biotechnological advancements
Prado, Enora. "Détection de l’ADN par spectrométrie de diffusion Raman exaltée de surface couplée à la microfluidique". Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14348/document.
Texto completoThis work deals with the development of an original label-free method for free bases proportions detection and quantification of nucleic acids. The surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) allowed obtaining the specific spectral signature of characteristic nucleotides of RNA (adenosine, cytosine, guanosine and uridine), using silver colloids as SERS substrate and MgCl2 addition as aggregating agent. Then, the condition detection have optimizing to establish a label-free quantification protocol of free nucleobases proportion by SERS spectroscopy. The detection limits obtained are order of few picomoles. The reproducibility improvement of SERS detection requires the precise control of time reaction (adsorption and aggregation), which could be control thanks to microfluidic chips use. We have implemented two different microfluidic chips, one based on single-phase flows and one other based on droplets generation. The analyzed species are containing in droplets, allowing in situ detection by spectroscopy SERS of various nucleotides
Siskova, Karolina. "Elaboration de nouvelles nanostructures d'Argent, obtenues par abblation laser, pour caractériser des macro- et biomolécules par spectroscopie Raman exaltée par effet de surface". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066509.
Texto completoAkanny, Elie. "Développement d’une méthode d’analyse de bactéries par Spectroscopie Raman Exaltée de Surface : application à la caractérisation de probiotiques microencapsulés pour le ciblage colique". Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE1277.
Texto completoFor their specific colonic delivery after oral administration, probiotics have to deal with the deleterious conditions of the gastro-intestinal tract that could alter their viability or functionality. Indeed, the quantity of viable microorganisms reaching the colon is often insufficient to provide the desired beneficial effect, namely, to maintain or restore the functions of the intestinal microbiota. To resolve this problem, the microencapsulation technology was considered. One aim of this project was thus to develop an encapsulation system for the colonic delivery via the oral route of the Lactobacillus rhamanosus GG (LGG), indicated for the treatment and the prevention of antibiotic-associated diarrhea. The development of such system requires a reliable quantification method of the bacteria to determine formulation characteristics such as encapsulation efficiency or release kinetics. The conventional counting method, using plating and culturing, is the most widely used method to this end but it appears tedious and above all time consuming. Due to its rapidity and simplicity, Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) technic, allowing to provide a high enhancement of Raman scattering from molecules adsorbed on a nanostructured noble metal surface (silver, gold), has been investigated as an alternative. SERS quantification method of LGG was therefore developed and applied to characterize the formulated encapsulation system. Microparticles encapsulating LGG were obtained by the spray-drying of an aqueous feed solution containing an enteric coating polymer and a protective agent of bacteria against the harmful effect of dehydration stress. A high cell viability was thus achieved after process. The protection of LGG strain against simulated gastrointestinal conditions, provided by the encapsulation matrix, attests that the developed encapsulation system is suitable for its use as a carrier for the specific colonic delivery of LGG via the oral route
Guillot, Nicolas. "Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules métalliques et application aux nanocapteurs par exaltation de surface". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Nord - Paris XIII, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00844312.
Texto completoGuillot, Nicolas. "Propriétés optiques de nanoparticules métalliques et application aux nanocapteurs par exaltation de surface". Phd thesis, Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA132048.
Texto completoThe work presented in this manuscript focuses on the different possibilities leading to the optimization of the signal of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) basednanosensors and fabricated by some techniques enabling a precise control of the geometry of metallic nanostructures. Nanosensors based on LSPR and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) have been especially studied. The first part of this manuscript reminds the key parameters leading to the optimization of the signal of such nanosensors, i. E. , the nanostructures material, the size and the shape of the nanostructures, the surrounding medium, the incident electric field polarization, the gap between the nanoparticles and the higher order LSPR. The second part is focused on SERS nanosensors by exposing the optimization principle and possibilities of the signal in the case of arrays of gold nanoparticles. Finally, the last part is devoted to the observation of the shape of the local electromagnetic field around the nanoparticles (amplitude and decay length) by the study of the near-field coupling between gold nanoparticles of different shapes
PROCHAZKA, MAREK. "Etude d'interactions de porphyrines avec les acides nucleiques par spectroscopie diffusion raman exaltee de surface". Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066515.
Texto completoBeffara, Flavien. "SERS biosensors based on special optical fibers for clinical diagnosis". Thesis, Limoges, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LIMO0009.
Texto completoDespite important breakthroughs in biosensing, we are still in need of new sensors that would facilitate the early detection of severe diseases such as cancer. Classical tissue biopsy remains the gold standard in many cases. Although this approach has shown its potential, it remains invasive for the patients and the detection techniques are either tedious or lack the sensitivity to detect the disease at an early stage. Raman spectroscopy has demonstrated its interests for biosensing. Its ability to characterize the chemical nature, structure and the orientation of an analyte makes it an ideal candidate. The sharp Raman peaks of a molecule can be seen as a true fingerprint. Regrettably, Raman scattered signal is extremely weak. This limitation was overcome by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), since it drastically increases the Raman scattered signal while maintaining the sharp peak of the fingerprint spectrum of a molecule. Unfortunately, most of the current SERS substrates are 2D nano-roughened metal surfaces or colloidal nanoparticles, which lack the sensitivity and reliability in measurement with poor repeatability and reproducibility in the data. In the recent years, special optical fibers have been used as SERS platforms. They feature holes that run along their entire length. These holes allow for the analyte to be incorporated inside the fiber. Thus, such platform represents a promising alternative to planar substrates since the analyte and the excitation light can interact for longer length inside the fibers. In addition, optical fibers are very flexible, compact and allow for low-loss light guiding. Therefore, such fiber sensors exhibit the outstanding detection abilities of SERS, the advantages of optical fibers and improved sensitivity and reliability. In this manuscript, we aim to create a biosensing platform that could be routinely used in a clinical setting. For that, we propose to optimize the features of an already reported fiber topology. This allows us to increase its sensitivity while simultaneously improving its reliability and practicability. With this improved sensor, for the first time, we could detect the biomarker for ovarian cancer in clinical cyst fluids, which allowed us to differentiate the stage of the cancer. Subsequently, we propose a novel fiber topology, specifically designed to further increase the sensitivity of SERS-based fiber probes. This is achieved by increasing the surface of interaction compared to standard fiber sensors. For that, the core diameter is significantly increased and the amount of light that interacts with the analyte is precisely controlled. We envision that such functionalized fiber sensors could be incorporated inside a biopsy needle to create a two-in-one sensor for body fluid collection and readout that can eventually overcome the limitations associated with existing biopsy needle platforms, which demands for two-step sample collection and readout
Benazza, Amine. "Development of optofluidic fiber-based SERS platform for efficient biosensing applications". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Limoges, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LIMO0064.
Texto completoCurrent methods for disease detection, such as traditional tissue and liquid biopsies, often face challenges related to invasiveness, limited sensitivity, and lengthy procedures, which can impede early diagnosis and effective treatment. Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) offers a promising alternative due to its non-invasive nature, high sensitivity, and ability to detect trace levels of biomarkers with specificity. However, conventional SERS platforms struggle with issues of reproducibility and practicality. This thesis investigates the use of photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) as innovative sensors for SERS, addressing these challenges and enhancing its application in biosensing and medical diagnostics. PCFs offer increased interaction surfaces and reliability compared to traditional planar substrates, enabling effective analyte detection crucial for early diagnostics. Through the optimization of tapered PCFs, we achieve improved light coupling efficiency and measurement consistency, balancing core size to enhance both sensitivity and reproducibility. The development of a plug-and-play SERS sensing system further enhances usability and consistency, proving its practicality for real-world clinical applications. In addition to fiber design, the research delves into the relationship between nanoparticle (NP) properties and SERS signal enhancement. Experimental investigations identified 60 nm gold nanospheres as the most efficient shape for providing consistent and superior SERS performance. Our analysis shows that anchoring NPs within the fibers prevents aggregation, maintaining their plasmonic properties essential for reliable SERS performance. Numerical simulations validate that these NPs offer optimal electric field enhancement relative to absorption, making them particularly effective for SERS applications. Practical applications of SERS-based PCFs are demonstrated in detecting disease biomarkers, such as TNF-alpha, using a novel sandwich-based approach. Future research will continue to expand these applications to more complex targets, such as extracellular vesicles, increasing the impact of SERS-based PCFs in medical diagnostics
Rahmani, Meryem. "Analyses Raman multispectrales exaltées pour la détection de molécules sous forme de trace". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Le Mans, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LEMA1004.
Texto completoIn recent decades, the use of phytosanitary products commonly called pesticides has increased. These substances have become increasingly present in our environment, accumulating in soil, air and water. Even at very low concentration these products represent a danger to human, plant and animal health. For all these reasons it is important to regulate the use of phytosanitary products by prohibiting the use of certain of these substances and by strengthening regulations to set Maximum Residue Limits (MRLs) as low as possible. It is also necessary to develop new methods for detecting and identifying trace pollutants because conventional techniques require large laboratory capabilities which are not compatible with on-site analyses.In my PhD. work, we have used Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) to detect and identify trace molecules. We studied and analyzed the performance of three commercial DRES substrates (Hamamatsu, SERSitive and Ocean Insight) for the detection and identification of a model molecule at concentrations of the order of 10-6 M and 10-8 M. We compared the Raman responses from the Raman maps recorded on their surfaces at two incident wavelengths. We have also developed and optimized efficient nanorough metallic substrates to detect and identify molecules with a detection limit of 10-9 M. We will present the experimental protocol used to fabricate our nanorough gold substrates. The topographical properties of the surfaces were studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to better understand the reason of SERS properties of the substrates. The optical responses of our nanorough substrates were studied in the near field by electron photoemission (PEEM) and in the far field by Raman spectrometry after putting them in contact with solutions containing molecules at very low concentrations. We compared the spectral response, intensity distributions, and stability under laser beam, of gold nanorough substrates and the most efficient substrate among the three commercial DRES substrates by analyzing the Raman spectra at a concentration of 10-8 M.The stability of the Raman response of the commercial SERS substrates and our optimized nanorough substrates was studied over time, for a period of several months. The effectiveness of the substrates decreases over time and it is no longer possible to detect the presence of the molecules after several months. In my PhD work we have tested a method that makes it possible to improve the Raman performance of these aged substrates. The performance of these improved substrates was studied by analyzing Raman intensity distributions from imaging containing several hundred spectra. Finally, we used the gold nanorough substrates to detect molecules present in a binary mixture of model molecules at a concentration of 10-8 M. We analyzed the Raman maps using chemometric tools, namely Component Analysis. Principal (ACP), and Multivariate Curve Resolution (MCR)
Lopes, Manuel. "Etude de nanoantennes optiques : application aux diffusions Raman exaltées de surface et par pointe". Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Troyes, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00357221.
Texto completoEnsuite, j'ai monté une expérience de Raman en champ proche (ou TERS) et développé une technique reproductible de fabrication de pointes en or. Puis, j'ai effectué une étude quantitative des propriétés de dépolarisation des pointes métalliques utilisées en a-SNOM et en TERS. Nos résultats montrent des facteurs de dépolarisation entre 5 et 30% qui varient en fonction de la polarisation de la lumière incidente et de la forme de la pointe. Les conséquences importantes de ce phénomène de dépolarisation ont été mises en évidence dans des expériences TERS sur du Silicium cristallin; On montre que la dépolarisation doit être prise en compte pour une estimation correcte de l'exaltation induite par la pointe.
Thierry, Dominique. "Application de la spectroscopie raman exaltee de surface a l'etude in-situ d'inhibiteurs de corrosion du cuivre". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066564.
Texto completoAybeke, Ece Neslihan. "Study of the dynamics of biomolecules by high speed atomic force microscopy and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy". Thesis, Dijon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015DIJOS023/document.
Texto completoThis thesis focuses on the coupling of High–Speed Atomic Force Microscopy (HS-AFM) and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) for biomolecule analysis. We have designed a fabrication protocol to manufacture “SERS-active” substrates. The efficacy of gold, silver and gold-silver bimetallic crystalline nanoparticle substrates were evaluated. We have investigated the impact of optical and morphological features of the substrates on Raman signal intensity by analyzing well-known samples such as bipyridine ethylene and methylene blue molecules. We took an interest in three distinct biological problematics with HS-AFM and SERS analyses. First, we have detected the chemical signature of cytochrome b5 protein. This study was followed by the investigation of conformational changes of small heat shock leuconostoc oenos Lo 18 protein in function of pH level and concentrations. The last application consists to the analyse a membrane and a virus interaction. In order to realize simultaneous Raman/AFM analysis, we have adapted our fabrication protocol to cover the surface of commercial AFM probes by crystalline gold nanoparticles. Tip – Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (TERS) studies were performed on molybdenum disulfide to evaluate the quality of TERS probes. In the last part of this work, we have designed a new setup to combine Ando’s HS-AFM setup with Raman spectroscopy. We present the modifications that have been carried out and the challenges that we have encountered
Thierry, Dominique. "Application de la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface à l'étude in-situ d'inhibiteurs de corrosion du cuivre". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37618884k.
Texto completoGuilment, Jean. "Contribution à l'étude des processus photographiques dans les halogénures d'argent par spectrométrie Raman et de fluorescence : influence de produits stabilisateurs et antivoiles, relation avec l'effet Raman exalté de surface (SERS)". Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066287.
Texto completoRastogi, Rishabh. "Engineered Electromagnetic Hot-spots for Highly Sensitive (Bio)molecular Detection by Plasmonic Specytroscopies". Thesis, Troyes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020TROY0018.
Texto completoNanoplasmonic sensing relies on enhanced electromagnetic fields at the vicinity of nanostructured metal surface to detect molecules at ultra-low concentrations. The EM enhancements are strongly pronounced at junctions between adjacent nanostructures resulting in gap hot-spots. EM enhancements at these hot-spots increase non-linearly as a function of gap distances down to sub-10 regime. Analyte present at these gaps can leverage these EM enhancements, resulting in ultra-high sensitivity in detection. However, such confining gaps affect the ability of large analytes such as biomolecules to enter and thereby leverage EM fields within the gaps. This presents spatial needs to enhance EM fields at odds with those for accommodating biomolecular interactions. This thesis demonstrates the rational design of array configurations that allows the EM hotspots to be better leveraged by the reporter of biomolecular binding event. The thesis uses molecular self-assembly based approach to fabricate reproducible plasmonic nanoarrays on full wafers. Multiple parameters are considered including the dimension, shape, and density of hotspots, surface functionalization, and the choice of substrates, to demonstrate quantitative detection of molecules down to picomolar concentrations
Eschimese, Damien. "Design, fabrication, and characterization of TIP-enhanced Raman spectroscopy probes based on metallic nano-antennas". Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I020/document.
Texto completoSince the start of the 2000s the evolution of tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has enabled the simultaneous measurement of localized structural, molecular, and physicochemical properties. TERS technology combines scanning probe microscopy -- atomic force microscopy (AFM) -- with near field optical microscopy. The combined technique is referred to as AFM-TERS. The technique harnesses and exploits the generation of surface plasmons on metal surfaces. These plasmons lead to the generation of confined electromagnetic waves in a sub-wavelength volume at the very tip of the AFM-TERS probe. The main technological challenge today is the design and optimization of an AFM-TERS probe having nanometer-sized dimensions -- and the controlled, reproducible batch fabrication of such structures. The objective of the work presented in this PhD thesis was to design, fabricate, and characterize a new type of AFM probe capable of bettering the current state-of-the-art performances. The PhD was carried out in collaboration with HORIBA and funded partly by a French ‘CIFRE’ grant. In order to meet these objects, comprehensive numerical modelling led to the design of an optimized metal nanostructuring having maximum electromagnetic exaltation -- placed at the extremity of a silicon-based AFM cantilever. A new combined micro and nano fabrication process was developed to achieve this -- to be performed using the existing equipment found in the IEMN cleanroom. The process encompasses techniques such as masking using electron beam (ebeam) lithography and UV photolithography, thermal evaporation of metals and ‘lift-off’ techniques, and highly-controlled dry etching of small silicon mesas structures and deep etching for MEMS cantilever releasing. The process enables the batch-fabrication manufacture of AFM-TERS probes containing matter on the millimeter scale (the silicon probe support), the micrometer scale (the silicon cantilever), and the nanometer scale (the combined metallic disk and cone having sub-wavelength dimensions). This method allows nanostructuring on the optical/plasmonic behavior of TERS probes, the key factor which will lead to higher performance in TERS. Finally, a further study concerning the inclined evaporation of metallic nanostructures via an ebeam-derived lithographic shadow mask was performed in order to control the size and shape of the nanostructuring. The study proved this approach to be feasible. Furthermore, numerical modelling of such structures suggests that they are potential original candidates for both TERS and SERS (surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy)
Hachin, Axelle. "Développement d'une plateforme de détection SERS à partir de monocouches auto-assemblées". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0481.
Texto completoBiosensors are real-time detection systems for biological species widely used in diagnostics. Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS), with its specific and sensitive identification capability, is a good way of detecting biomolecules (aptamers, peptides, etc.) using suitable surfaces (such as metal nanostructures, nanoparticles, etc.). With a view to developing a SERS biosensor, a detection platform based on self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) functionalized with spherical or cylindrical gold nanoparticles was designed. The thesis work consisted in producing SAMs based on organosilane bearing an azide or amine terminal function. The SAMs were then modified by reaction with linkers, either by peptide coupling or click chemistry, to provide thiol or cyclooctyne end functions. These modifications are characterized by various techniques such as PM-IRRAS, AFM, XPS or ToF-SIMS. Gold nanoparticles have been successfully immobilized by two different routes: on azide-terminated SAMs by click chemistry and on thiol-terminated SAMs by ligand exchange. Promising initial results have been obtained demonstrating SERS detection of the bioreceptor immobilized on the nanoparticles
Najjar, Samar. "Couplage AFM/Raman et spectroscopie Raman exaltée par effet de pointe de nanostructures". Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00869044.
Texto completoKaya, Zeynep. "Controlled and localized synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers for chemical sensors". Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2220.
Texto completoMolecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), also referred to as plastic antibodies, are synthetic biomimetic receptors that are able to bind target molecules with similar affinity and specificity as natural receptors such as enzymes or antibodies. Indeed, MIPs are used as synthetic recognition elements in biosensors and biochips for the detection of small analytes and proteins. The molecular imprinting technique is based on the formation of specific recognition cavities in polymer matrices by a templating process at the molecular level. For sensor and biochip development, fast binding kinetics of the MIP for a rapid sensor response, the integration of the polymers with transducers, and a high sensitivity of detection are among the main challenges. In this thesis, the above issues are addressed by developing MIP/gold nanocomposites by grafting MIPs on surfaces, using dedicated techniques like atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) which is a versatile controlled radical polymerization (CRP) technique. Theses ophisticated CRP techniques, are able to greatly improve the polymeric materials. The use of ATRP in the MIP field has been limited so far due to its inherent incompatibility with acidic monomers like methacrylic acid (MAA), which is by far the most widely used functional monomer. Herein, a new method is described for the MIP synthesis through photo-initiated ATRP using fac-[Ir(ppy)3] as ATRP catalyst. The synthesis is possible at room temperature and is compatible with acidic monomers. This study considerably widens the range of functional monomers and thus molecular templates that can be used when MIPs are synthesized by ATRP. The proposed method was used for fabrication of hierarchically organised nanocomposites based on MIPs and nanostructured metal surfaces containing nanoholes or nanoislands, exhibiting plasmonic effects for signal amplification. The fabrication of nanometer scale MIP coatings localized on gold surface was demonstrated. Optical transduction methods, namely Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) were exploited and shown that they hold great promise for enhancing the limit of detection in sensing of biologically relevant analytes including proteins and the drug propranolol
Andrei, Cassiana. "Détection directe et sélective de bactéries par imagerie Raman exaltée de surface". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLX065.
Texto completoRapid detection of bacterial pathogens is an important challenge nowadays in multiple fields like in food industry, health and military biodefense. Biosensors are promising candidates for replacing time consuming and expensive classical tools. In this work, we developed biosensors based on hydrogenated amorphous silicon layer for the covalent grafting of probes (antibodies or sugars) interacting specifically with bacteria, and noble metal nanoparticles for spectroscopic identification of trapped bacteria by surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). In a first approach, the production of stable and cost-effective SERS-active substrates based on metallic thin films was proposed for the study of various bacteria. Different SERS fingerprints of three different strains of the same bacteria were obtained allowing their discrimination, result confirmed by principal component analysis (PCA). In a second approach, SERS study of bacteria was performed using nanoparticles colloids, positively charged gold nanorods showing the best reproducibility. In parallel, the optimization of probes grafting on the amorphous silicon surface and of the blocking step for minimization of non-specific adhesion of bacteria were performed. Finally, tests with the entire architecture of the biosensor were performed and by using a fluidic cell the attachment of bacteria was monitored in situ. After contact with gold nanorods the specific identification of bacteria by SERS was possible. Using this strategy limits of detection up to 10 cfu/mL were achieved in a total time of detection of 3 h
Billot, Laurent. "Etude de nanoparticules métalliques par Diffusion Raman Exaltée de Surface et champ proche optique". Troyes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TROY0011.
Texto completoThe aim of this PHD is to study gold nanoparticles by extinction spectroscopie, Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) and Near-field optic. The extinction measurements on such particles designed by electronic beam lithography have given evidence of the particle shape effect on the Plasmon resonance position. We have also observed the existence of multipolar Plasmon resonance on elongated nanoparticles. The SERS efficiency of nanoparticles has been investigated by deposing several different molecular probes (BPE, rhodamine 6G and benzoïc acid). The observation of the dependence of the Raman enhancement versus the nanoparticle length is clearly demonstrated and remarkably a maximum enhancement is observed for a specific length. For such particles, we also show clearly that a multipolar localized surface plasmon modes exhibites a stronger efficiency than the first dipolar order. We have studied the nanoparticles by Near-Field Optical Microscopy. We reported on one artefact related to the error signal in cantilever vibration amplitude of the illumination beam and is insidious because it can produce sub-diffraction limited optical features that actually have no correlation with the true optical Near-Field. To conclude, we also present some first results on one new kind of tip applied to Raman Near-Field spectroscopy
Felidj, Nordin. "Analyse spectroscopique et microscopique de la morphologie de differents substrats metalliques vecteurs de la diffusion raman exaltee de surface". Paris 6, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA066652.
Texto completoVerger, Frédéric. "Spectroscopie infrarouge exaltée de surface pour la détection de composés organiques dissous dans le milieu marin". Phd thesis, Rennes 1, 2012. https://ecm.univ-rennes1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/cef8b530-c00d-47aa-a598-b63066a3e03f.
Texto completoThis work concerns the study of Surface Enhanced InfraRed Absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy dedicated to the detection of dissolved organic compounds in seawater. The aim of this work is to develop a synthesis process to fabricate sensors based on SEIRA effect on chalcogenide glass substrate, which will pave the way to integrated component for SEIRA spectroscopy. Two kind of deposition methods were studied. On the one hand, island gold nanoparticles were obtained by DC sputtering. On the other hand, electron beam lithography was used for the synthesis of gold nano-antennas. In the future, the chalcogenide glasses used as substrate could be shaped into sophisticated photonic systems such as optical fibers or planar waveguides. The infrared measurements of a self-assembled monolayer of 4-nitrothiophenol show a significant SEIRA effect. Indeed, the results show an enhancement factor of about 100 with sputtered gold films and reach about 106 with gold nano-antennas. Sputtering technique is easy to handle, can cover areas of several centimeters square, but the reproducibility of the enhancement is difficult to ensure and the enhancement factor is low. Electron beam lithography is much more complex to implement, the coated surface is still limited to a few tens of microns square and the plasmon band is highly localized. However, this technique enables to achieve much higher enhancement factors
Verger, Frédéric. "Spectroscopie infrarouge exaltée de surface pour la détection de composés organiques dissous dans le milieu marin". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00732964.
Texto completoBryche, Jean-François. "Nanostructuration d'or pour la biodétection plasmonique et la diffusion Raman exaltée de surface : réalisation, caractérisation et modélisation". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLO015/document.
Texto completoThis thesis is focused on gold nanostructuration on glass substrate in order to study and optimize their plasmonic properties for biosensing applications. The main goal was to demonstrate the feasibility of combining on a single biochip, Surface Plasmon Resonance Imaging (SPRI) and Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) measurements. We have demonstrated that adding a gold film under the nanostructures was highly beneficial for a dual SPRI-SERS characterization. In order to optimize the geometry of the nanostructures and understand the various plasmonic modes, most of the samples were first made by electron beam lithography. Nanoimprinting assisted by UV (UV-NIL) was also developed during this thesis to manufacture samples in large quantities and reply to the future industrial needs for biosensing applications. Performances of these UV-NIL samples were compared with those produced by e-beam lithography. Diameters and periods of gold nanodisks range respectively from 40 nm to 300 nm and 80 nm to 600 nm, depending on the manufacturing technique used. In SERS, enhancement factor of 10^6 to 10^8 were obtained thanks to the presence of the continuous gold film under the nanodisks array. We found that this gain is a function of the thickness of the gold film, the excitation wavelength used and the nanostructures filling factor. In SPRI, we have demonstrated experimentally and theoretically the existence of a coupling between the propagating and localized plasmonic modes, resulting in a new hybrid mode, potentially more sensitive due to its high confinement. Numerical models confirm these results, taking into account the defects found in real samples (rounded edges, imperfect lateral side, adhesion layer). The whole work proposes a better understanding, both experimentally and theoretically, of the plasmonic properties at nanoscale of gold nanostructures with and without an underlying gold film. Moreover, a detailed study of the different technological processes helps to understand which steps significantly impact the plasmonic properties of the samples and their performance as a biosensor. Finally, these samples were characterized and validated on a bimodal instrument SPRI-SERS
Bomers, Mario. "Fonctionnalisation de surface de résonateurs plasmoniques à base de semi-conducteur III-V pour la spectroscopie vibrationnelle exaltée". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS013/document.
Texto completoThis thesis deals with the surface functionalization of nanostructured plasmonic III-V semiconductors for surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy relevant to identify minute amounts of analyte molecules.The first chapter outlines the theoretical foundations of surface-enhanced vibrational spectroscopy based on plasmonics. Comparing the plasmonic properties of the degenerate semiconductor InAs(Sb):Si and of metals, here gold and gallium, it is found that the degenerate semiconductor is especially suited for surface-enhanced infrared (SEIRA) spectroscopy and that gallium with its plasmonic potential in the UV-VIS range is apt for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Both alternative plasmonic materials theoretically outperform gold in their respective spectral ranges. Nevertheless, gold and its chemical inertness remain interesting for enabling plasmonic enhanced vibrational spectroscopy in different chemical environments. The influence of aqueous environments on the material properties of III-V semiconductors is addressed in the second and in the third chapter. It is found that InAs(Sb):Si is chemical stable in water, but GaSb is not. A GaSb/InAsSb:Si compound layer structure was used to demonstrate that the depletion of antimony and the incorporation of oxygen at the GaSb-water interface transform 50 nm of crystalline GaSb to a gallium oxide in less than 14 hours. The gallium oxide has a mid-IR refractive index in the order of n=1.6 and thus less than half of the value of the mid-IR refractive index of GaSb. This change in refractive index upon oxidation can be exploited to blue-shift the localized plasmonic resonance of InAsSb:Si gratings on GaSb-substrates in the range from 5 µm to 20 µm by pedestal formation.In Chapter 4, the controlled chemical bonding of organic molecules to the approximately 3 nm thin native oxide layer of III-V semiconductor surfaces by phosphonic acid chemistry is presented. This paves the way for plasmonic enhanced all-semiconductor mid-IR biophotonic applications. In chapter 5, two different, but equally successful strategies to combine III-V based plasmonic resonators with microfluidic circuits are described. These results demonstrate that lab-on-the-chip applications based on III-V semiconductors are possible. Finally, the possibility to integrate plasmonic Gallium nanoparticles onto the III-V material platform for a potential combination of SEIRA and SERS applications is presented in chapter 6
Cottat, Maximilien. "Optimisation de nanostructures plasmoniques pour la détection et la caractérisation structurelle des protéines par Diffusion Raman Exaltée de Surface". Thesis, Paris 13, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA132049/document.
Texto completoProteins play an important role in cells via their enzymatic activity and the irinteractions. Their functions are mainly based on the protein structure. In order to detect their presence and to characterize their structure, we used optical properties of nanostructures. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), as well as the surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), allowed us to detect various proteins. We also optimized nanostructures to build a sensitive, reproducible and specific biosensor based on SERS. Indeed, specific detection of one pathological biomarker, the Manganese Super Oxide Dismutase (MnSOD) protein, was investigated by using optically optimized and aptamer-functionalized nanostructures. Using this system, we were able to detect the MnSOD at physiological concentration in body fluids, such as serum and saliva. Finally, the structural study of the Spleen Tyrosine kinase (Syk) protein by SERS, allowed us to demonstrate that its structure varied with its phosphorylation levels. A complementary Western Blot analysis showed that the Syk kinase activity depended also on its phosphorylation state, meaning that the structure and the activity of Syk were linked. Altogether, these data contributed to a better understanding of the interface between physics and biology
El, Alami Amal. "Mise en oeuvre de biocapteurs en vue de la détection de pesticides dans l'eau par diffusion Raman exaltée". Thesis, Le Mans, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LEMA1010/document.
Texto completoSurface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) was used to develop a biosensor for the detection of pesticides through the monitoring of the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase (ACHE). Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as an active SERS substrate. The enhanced Raman signal of the analyte is optimized by testing several types of nanoparticles. Raman SERS allowed the direct detection of Paraoxon (PO) and carbaryl (CA) pesticides and the possibility of follow-up of the activity of the ACHE. In the absence of inhibitors, the acetylcholine (ATC) is transformed into acetic acid and choline by the enzyme ACHE. The measurement of ACHE activity is performed through the monitoring of ATC concentrations because its transformation is inhibited in the presence of pesticides. Results showed a linear correlation between the concentration of pesticides and the SERS signal of the untransformed ATC. The method was optimized for the quantification of paraoxon and carbaryl with a limit of quantification much lower than the one obtained with a direct detection. Their identification was also possible using chemometrics. This biosensors, based on the ACHE activities, was applied to the evaluation of emergent pollutants: additives of commercial polymers. Our results suggested that most of the tested polymers contained molecules that act as inhibitors of the ACHE. Finally, we propose another very simple approach to measure the ACHE activity using dynamic light scattering measurements. We found that the physicochemical parameters (aggregation) of AuNPs were strongly influenced by the enzymatic activity of ACHE when in contact with specified molecules, allowing to detect the presence of PO
Bondu, Flavie. "Etude de la conformation d’adsorption de l’acide isonicotinique sur Au <111> par spectroscopie d’impédance-Raman et modulation de capacité". Paris 6, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA066268.
Texto completoRaman spectroscopy gives chemical identification of interfacial species while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) brings information about their kinetic of reaction. Orientation modification of a molecule adsorbed on an electrode surface (determined by Raman spectroscopy) must induce variations in the double-layer capacitance. This can be studied by the capacitance modulation method which allows for the determination of its value at high frequency when the capacitance modulated at low frequency. This work aims at studying the variations in the coverage rate of isonicotinic acid (INA) adsorbed on Au <111> by the dynamic coupling of Raman-impedance and double layer capacitance modulation. During this work, we developed a device which allows coupling of these two techniques. It has been validated by the use of passive circuits. We also determined the changes in INA orientation at the electrode surface with potential and studied the associated variations of the double layer capacitance. Although we were not able to establish the nature of the interactions between the double layer capacitance and Raman spectra variations, we have shown that they are both exhibit maxima in the same potential range
Bedford, Erin. "Gold surface nanostructuring for separation and sensing of biomolecules". Thesis, Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066527/document.
Texto completoDetecting biomolecules in physiological environments is critical to health care and environmental monitoring. In this work, we study and use gold surfaces for biomolecule detection while incorporating nanoscale components—specifically, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols and gold nanostructured shells—with the goal of improving biomolecule detection methods. Using SAMs to functionalize gold surfaces can offer control over biomolecule binding density and orientation while still keeping the biomolecules near the sensing surface. Using surface IR spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) modeling, we found that SAMs of short-chain and long-chain amine-terminated alkanethiols on gold had different sulphur binding environments. We also found that protein binding and recognition on the two different SAMs varied with SAM chain length and was also influenced by the presence of a cross-linker. In the second part of this work, we synthesized gold nanostructured shells on magnetic particles for combined separation and detection of biomolecules. We demonstrated their use as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the use of these particles to detect oligonucleotide binding and hybridization with SERS using a Raman-tagged oligonucleotide hairpin probe
Hajbi, Abdeslam el. "Contribution a l'etude de l'interface electrode/electrolyte par spectroscopie raman de surface". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR13004.
Texto completoHajbi, Abdeslam el. "Contribution à l'étude de l'interface électrode/électrolyte par spectroscopie Raman de surface". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375981368.
Texto completoBarho, Franziska Barbara. "Highly doped semiconductor plasmonic resonators for surface enhanced infrared absorption". Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTS075/document.
Texto completoThe detection and identification of biological and chemical substances can be performed with biosensors. Biosensors are required to be simple and rapid to use, small, and sensitive in order to detect minute amounts of analyte molecules. Plasmonic devices have proven their utility as biosensing transducers. Surface plasmon-polaritons (SPP), collective oscillations of the electron cloud in metallic media coupled to an electromagnetic wave, are sensitive to the refractive index of their environment, providing thus an efficient way to probe the presence of molecules by the refractive index modification. This technique is called surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensing. Moreover, SPP confine the incident electric field to sub-wavelength dimensions and enhance the field strength. Molecules located in these so-called field hotspots interact more efficiently with incident light due to a coupling mechanism mediated by the SPP, so that their infrared (IR) absorption cross section is increased. While IR spectroscopy is a standard tool for molecular identification, it does not provide sufficient sensitivity for the detection of smallest quantities. Exploiting the surface enhanced IR absorption (SEIRA) due to the plasmonic enhancement enables the detection of small amounts of analyte.While surface plasmons were mainly discovered using noble metals such as gold and silver, nowadays other material systems are also considered which display complementary or improved properties compared to the standard materials in plasmonics, especially to enlarge the spectral range where plasmonic effects can be observed and exploited. Material science enables to tailor the dielectric function of a material and consequently to control the plasmonic properties. Highly doped III-V semiconductors constitute an alternative to gold and silver for mid-IR plasmonics, due to their dielectric function which resembles the one of the noble metals, but shifted to the mid-IR spectral range. Indeed, InAsSb in the IR is even less lossy than gold in the visible. SEIRA using plasmonic resonances spectrally tuned to molecular absorption lines, or resonant SEIRA, requires nanoantenna substrates displaying their resonances in the IR. Highly doped InAsSb grown lattice matched on GaSb substrates is an interesting material system for this task. InAsSb is plasmonic for wavelengths above approximately 5 µm.In this work, we propose InAsSb:Si/GaSb nanostructures as SEIRA and SPR substrates for an application in biosensing devices. InAsSb nanoantennas on GaSb substrates have been prepared using photolithography and wet chemical etching by a citric acid: hydrogen peroxyde solution or alternatively, by interferential lithography and reactive ion etching, especially to reduce the lattice parameter. An optical characterization of the structures was performed by FTIR spectroscopy, supported by numerical finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) calculations which were also applied to study the impact of geometrical parameters on the optical response. Notably, two types of structure designs were proposed: one-dimensional periodic gratings and two-dimensional arrays of rectangular shaped nanoantennas which provide localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPR) in both polarization directions contrary to the gratings and enable hence a dual band optical response. SPR sensing and SEIRA have successfully been demonstrated using both types of structures, with proof-of-concept analytes such as different polymers and the aromatic compound vanillin with absorption features at high IR wavelengths. A bulk sensitivity in the range of 10² to 10^3 nm/RIU was reached. The vibrational signals increased of factors ranging between approximately 1.2-5.7, and the SEIRA enhancement was estimated to be in the range of 10^3 to 10^4 for the rectangular nanoantenna arrays
Bedford, Erin. "Gold surface nanostructuring for separation and sensing of biomolecules". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA066527.
Texto completoDetecting biomolecules in physiological environments is critical to health care and environmental monitoring. In this work, we study and use gold surfaces for biomolecule detection while incorporating nanoscale components—specifically, self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of alkanethiols and gold nanostructured shells—with the goal of improving biomolecule detection methods. Using SAMs to functionalize gold surfaces can offer control over biomolecule binding density and orientation while still keeping the biomolecules near the sensing surface. Using surface IR spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and density functional theory (DFT) modeling, we found that SAMs of short-chain and long-chain amine-terminated alkanethiols on gold had different sulphur binding environments. We also found that protein binding and recognition on the two different SAMs varied with SAM chain length and was also influenced by the presence of a cross-linker. In the second part of this work, we synthesized gold nanostructured shells on magnetic particles for combined separation and detection of biomolecules. We demonstrated their use as substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrated the use of these particles to detect oligonucleotide binding and hybridization with SERS using a Raman-tagged oligonucleotide hairpin probe