Literatura académica sobre el tema "Spectroscopic digital markers"
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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Spectroscopic digital markers"
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Markouizou, Athina, Evrydiki Michali, Christina Mamareli, Jane Anastassopoulou, Panayiota Kolovou, Ioannis Mamarelis y Theophile Theophanides. "The Effect of Irradiation on the Skin upon Breast Cancer Radiotherapy Studied by FTIR Spectroscopy". OBM Geriatrics 06, n.º 04 (24 de noviembre de 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.geriatr.2204215.
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Breast cancer affects the female population worldwide. Radiotherapy (RT) is part of the therapeutic modality in the management of breast cancer, after radical mastectomy or conserving surgery. The FTIR spectroscopic “marker bands” will lead us to approach the mechanism of skin damage due to the interaction of ionizing radiation and skin, on a molecular level at the very early stages. FT-IR spectroscopy, breast digital pictures, and ImageJ software were used in the study. Healthy breast skin was irradiated <em>ex-vivo</em> with a 4 Gy dose of a γ-<sup>60</sup>Co course Gammachamber 4000A. The FT-IR spectra showed that the low-dose irradiation induces skin dehydration, collagen secondary structure changes and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) as a result of free radicals as mediated products. The infrared “marker bands” at about 1743, 1160, and 870 cm<sup>-1</sup> are characteristic, indicating the development of inflammation, glycations, and peroxidations respectively, due to ionizing radiation-induced oxidative stress. ImageJ analysis provided the sharp surface of the skin after RT irradiation in contrast to the smooth surface of the non-irradiated healthy skin. The most important damages, induced by radiotherapy, were connective tissue lesions, glycosylation, and phosphorylation processes in the skin. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) free radicals prefer to abstract H atoms from lipids, sugar rings of glycoproteins, and base ribose of DNA. The produced intermediate free radicals, as a result of ROS reactions, led to the formation of AGEs and peroxides.
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Wolf, Elena E., Anne Steglich, Friederike Kessel, Hannah Kröger, Jan Sradnick, Simone Reichelt-Wurm, Kathrin Eidenschink et al. "PLVAP as an Early Marker of Glomerular Endothelial Damage in Mice with Diabetic Kidney Disease". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n.º 2 (6 de enero de 2023): 1094. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24021094.
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Plasmalemma vesicle-associated protein (PLVAP) is the main component of endothelial diaphragms in fenestrae, caveolae, and transendothelial channels. PLVAP is expressed in the adult kidney glomerulus upon injury. Glomerular endothelial injury is associated with progressive loss of kidney function in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). This study aimed to investigate whether PLVAP could serve as a marker for glomerular endothelial damage in DKD. Glomerular PLVAP expression was analyzed in different mouse models of DKD and their respective healthy control animals using automatic digital quantification of histological whole kidney sections. Transgenic mice expressing a dominant-negative GIP receptor (GIPRdn) in pancreatic beta-cells as a model for diabetes mellitus (DM) type 1 and black and tan brachyuric (BTBR) ob/ob mice, as a model for DM type 2, were used. Distinct PLVAP induction was observed in all diabetic models studied. Traces of glomerular PLVAP expression could be identified in the healthy control kidneys using automated quantification. Stainings for other endothelial injury markers such as CD31 or the erythroblast transformation-specific related gene (ERG) displayed no differences between diabetic and healthy groups at the time points when PLVAP was induced. The same was also true for the mesangial cells marker α8Integrin, while the podocyte marker nephrin appeared to be diminished only in BTBR ob/ob mice. Glomerular hypertrophy, which is one of the initial morphological signs of diabetic kidney damage, was observed in both diabetic models. These findings suggest that PLVAP is an early marker of glomerular endothelial injury in diabetes-induced kidney damage in mice.
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Anastassopoulou, Jane, Andreas F. Mavrogenis y Theophile Theophanides. "Infrared Spectral Digital Imaging and Bone Cancer Diagnostic". Digital Medicine and Health Technology 2022 (28 de marzo de 2022): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/dmht.05.
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Scientists today are pursuing the development of non-destructive and non-invasive methods for rapid and reliable diagnosis of diseases in digital form and reduction in the need for biopsies. In this paper we review the most recent studies supporting the application of Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and infrared thermography or medical thermography. Both are non-destructive digital techniques, which are promising to record and discriminate the local biochemical changes that are induced by the diseases, while the examined samples do not need any special preparation. The reflected infrared radiation from the affected areas of the body strongly depends on the metabolic steps of the cancer/or any other disease, which is also related to the structural changes at a molecular level of the biological molecules during enzymatic or non-enzymatic steps of the disease. The detection of the FT-IR spectral digital “marker bands” of the obtained changes of cell, liquids or tissue components are derived from the disease in the check point. Furthermore, ImageJ analysis of the thermal imaging in cancerous area showed aggregate formation upon cancer development as it was also indicated from the FT-IR spectra.
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Szmyd, Bartosz, Patrycja Stanisławska, Małgorzata Podstawka, Karol Zaczkowski, Patryk M. Izbiński, Dominika Kulczycka-Wojdala, Robert Stawski et al. "D-Loop Mutations as Prognostic Markers in Glioblastoma—A Pilot Study". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, n.º 8 (14 de abril de 2024): 4334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25084334.
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Glioblastoma, a highly aggressive brain tumor, poses significant treatment challenges. A deeper investigation into its molecular complexity is essential for the identification of novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies, potentially improving patient outcomes in terms of survival and quality of life. While nuclear DNA mutations have been extensively studied, the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations, specifically in the D-loop region, remains poorly understood. This prospective case-control study aimed to assess the prognostic significance of the mtDNA D-loop m.16126T>C variant in glioblastoma patients. Immunohistochemistry and droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) were employed for mutation analysis, complemented by statistical analyses and a literature review. The study cohort comprised 22 glioblastoma patients (mean age 59.36 ± 14.17, 12 (54.55%) females), and 25 controls (59.48 ± 13.22, 12 (80%) females). The D-loop m.16126T>C variant was observed in four (18%) of the glioblastoma samples and was associated with shorter median survival (9.5 vs. 18 months; p = 0.016, log-rank test). This study underscores the importance of investigating mtDNA, especially D-loop variants, in glioblastoma, suggesting its potential as a prognostic biomarker and, therefore, its possible therapeutic targets, warranting further exploration.
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Barrio, Tomás, Enric Vidal, Marina Betancor, Alicia Otero, Inmaculada Martín-Burriel, Marta Monzón, Eva Monleón, Martí Pumarola, Juan José Badiola y Rosa Bolea. "Evidence of p75 Neurotrophin Receptor Involvement in the Central Nervous System Pathogenesis of Classical Scrapie in Sheep and a Transgenic Mouse Model". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, n.º 5 (8 de marzo de 2021): 2714. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22052714.
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Neurotrophins constitute a group of growth factor that exerts important functions in the nervous system of vertebrates. They act through two classes of transmembrane receptors: tyrosine-kinase receptors and the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75NTR). The activation of p75NTR can favor cell survival or apoptosis depending on diverse factors. Several studies evidenced a link between p75NTR and the pathogenesis of prion diseases. In this study, we investigated the distribution of several neurotrophins and their receptors, including p75NTR, in the brain of naturally scrapie-affected sheep and experimentally infected ovinized transgenic mice and its correlation with other markers of prion disease. No evident changes in infected mice or sheep were observed regarding neurotrophins and their receptors except for the immunohistochemistry against p75NTR. Infected mice showed higher abundance of p75NTR immunostained cells than their non-infected counterparts. The astrocytic labeling correlated with other neuropathological alterations of prion disease. Confocal microscopy demonstrated the co-localization of p75NTR and the astrocytic marker GFAP, suggesting an involvement of astrocytes in p75NTR-mediated neurodegeneration. In contrast, p75NTR staining in sheep lacked astrocytic labeling. However, digital image analyses revealed increased labeling intensities in preclinical sheep compared with non-infected and terminal sheep in several brain nuclei. This suggests that this receptor is overexpressed in early stages of prion-related neurodegeneration in sheep. Our results confirm a role of p75NTR in the pathogenesis of classical ovine scrapie in both the natural host and in an experimental transgenic mouse model.
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Orsolini, Laura, Michele Fiorani y Umberto Volpe. "Digital Phenotyping in Bipolar Disorder: Which Integration with Clinical Endophenotypes and Biomarkers?" International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, n.º 20 (16 de octubre de 2020): 7684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21207684.
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Bipolar disorder (BD) is a complex neurobiological disorder characterized by a pathologic mood swing. Digital phenotyping, defined as the ‘moment-by-moment quantification of the individual-level human phenotype in its own environment’, represents a new approach aimed at measuring the human behavior and may theoretically enhance clinicians’ capability in early identification, diagnosis, and management of any mental health conditions, including BD. Moreover, a digital phenotyping approach may easily introduce and allow clinicians to perform a more personalized and patient-tailored diagnostic and therapeutic approach, in line with the framework of precision psychiatry. The aim of the present paper is to investigate the role of digital phenotyping in BD. Despite scarce literature published so far, extremely heterogeneous methodological strategies, and limitations, digital phenotyping may represent a grounding research and clinical field in BD, by owning the potentialities to quickly identify, diagnose, longitudinally monitor, and evaluating clinical response and remission to psychotropic drugs. Finally, digital phenotyping might potentially constitute a possible predictive marker for mood disorders.
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Leest, Paul van der, Melanie Janning, Naomi Rifaela, Maria L. Aguirre Azpurua, Jolanthe Kropidlowski, Sonja Loges, Nicolas Lozano et al. "Detection and Monitoring of Tumor-Derived Mutations in Circulating Tumor DNA Using the UltraSEEK Lung Panel on the MassARRAY System in Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n.º 17 (29 de agosto de 2023): 13390. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms241713390.
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Analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a potential minimally invasive molecular tool to guide treatment decision-making and disease monitoring. A suitable diagnostic-grade platform is required for the detection of tumor-specific mutations with high sensitivity in the circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) of cancer patients. In this multicenter study, the ccfDNA of 72 patients treated for advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) was evaluated using the UltraSEEK® Lung Panel on the MassARRAY® System, covering 73 hotspot mutations in EGFR, KRAS, BRAF, ERBB2, and PIK3CA against mutation-specific droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) and routine tumor tissue NGS. Variant detection accuracy at primary diagnosis and during disease progression, and ctDNA dynamics as a marker of treatment efficacy, were analyzed. A multicenter evaluation using reference material demonstrated an overall detection rate of over 90% for variant allele frequencies (VAFs) > 0.5%, irrespective of ccfDNA input. A comparison of UltraSEEK® and ddPCR analyses revealed a 90% concordance. An 80% concordance between therapeutically targetable mutations detected in tumor tissue NGS and ccfDNA UltraSEEK® analysis at baseline was observed. Nine of 84 (11%) tumor tissue mutations were not covered by UltraSEEK®. A decrease in ctDNA levels at 4–6 weeks after treatment initiation detected with UltraSEEK® correlated with prolonged median PFS (46 vs. 6 weeks; p < 0.05) and OS (145 vs. 30 weeks; p < 0.01). Using plasma-derived ccfDNA, the UltraSEEK® Lung Panel with a mid-density set of the most common predictive markers for NSCLC is an alternative tool to detect mutations both at diagnosis and during disease progression and to monitor treatment response.
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Martello, Marina, Vincenza Solli, Rosalinda Termini, Ajsi Kanapari, Daniel Remondini, Enrica Borsi, Andrea Poletti et al. "Identification of a Maturation Plasma Cell Index through a Highly Sensitive Droplet Digital PCR Assay Gene Expression Signature Validation in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma Patients". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, n.º 20 (18 de octubre de 2022): 12450. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232012450.
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DNA microarrays and RNA-based sequencing approaches are considered important discovery tools in clinical medicine. However, cross-platform reproducibility studies undertaken so far have highlighted that microarrays are not able to accurately measure gene expression, particularly when they are expressed at low levels. Here, we consider the employment of a digital PCR assay (ddPCR) to validate a gene signature previously identified by gene expression profile. This signature included ten Hedgehog (HH) pathways’ genes able to stratify multiple myeloma (MM) patients according to their self-renewal status. Results show that the designed assay is able to validate gene expression data, both in a retrospective as well as in a prospective cohort. In addition, the plasma cells’ differentiation status determined by ddPCR was further confirmed by other techniques, such as flow cytometry, allowing the identification of patients with immature plasma cells’ phenotype (i.e., expressing CD19+/CD81+ markers) upregulating HH genes, as compared to others, whose plasma cells lose the expression of these markers and were more differentiated. To our knowledge, this is the first technical report of gene expression data validation by ddPCR instead of classical qPCR. This approach permitted the identification of a Maturation Index through the integration of molecular and phenotypic data, able to possibly define upfront the differentiation status of MM patients that would be clinically relevant in the future.
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Uhl, Alexander, Larissa Knierim, Martin Tegtmeier, Axel Schmidt y Jochen Strube. "Is Regulatory Approval without Autonomous Operation for Natural Extract Manufacturing under Economic Competitiveness and Climate-Neutrality Demands Still Permissible?" Processes 11, n.º 6 (12 de junio de 2023): 1790. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr11061790.
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Natural extracts are broadly utilized as remedies, nutrition additives, cosmetics or flavors as well as natural pesticides, fungicides or herbicides. Green manufacturing technologies are of added market value and are sustainable towards the climate neutrality politically demanded for 2045. The concept of digital twins involves experimentally distinct validated process models combined with process analytical technology that is to be adapted to the existing operations. This is a key technology for the autonomous operations in industry 4.0. This paper exemplifies this approach and evaluates the results of the application and implementation efforts of regulated industries. A conductivity sensor for the measurement of the dry residue content and/or Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy for marker/lead or reference substance concentration determination are the most feasible and straight forward solutions. Different process control concepts from simple PID controllers (proportional, integral and differential) to advanced process control using digital twin models are evaluated and discussed in terms of industrialization efforts and benefits. The global warming potential CO2 equivalent per kg of natural product could be decreased by a factor of 5–10 as well as the cost of goods, which makes the pay-out time for the industrialization investment less than 1 year and the approach highly competitive. The success rate of the extraction process under regulatory constraints can be raised to 100%, reducing waste, overall solvent consumption, personnel efforts and energy requirements to a minimum.
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Mei, Yikun, Dongwei Wu, Johanna Berg, Beatrice Tolksdorf, Viola Roehrs, Anke Kurreck, Thomas Hiller y Jens Kurreck. "Generation of a Perfusable 3D Lung Cancer Model by Digital Light Processing". International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, n.º 7 (23 de marzo de 2023): 6071. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24076071.
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Lung cancer still has one of the highest morbidity and mortality rates among all types of cancer. Its incidence continues to increase, especially in developing countries. Although the medical field has witnessed the development of targeted therapies, new treatment options need to be developed urgently. For the discovery of new drugs, human cancer models are required to study drug efficiency in a relevant setting. Here, we report the generation of a non-small cell lung cancer model with a perfusion system. The bioprinted model was produced by digital light processing (DLP). This technique has the advantage of including simulated human blood vessels, and its simple assembly and maintenance allow for easy testing of drug candidates. In a proof-of-concept study, we applied gemcitabine and determined the IC50 values in the 3D models and 2D monolayer cultures and compared the response of the model under static and dynamic cultivation by perfusion. As the drug must penetrate the hydrogel to reach the cells, the IC50 value was three orders of magnitude higher for bioprinted constructs than for 2D cell cultures. Compared to static cultivation, the viability of cells in the bioprinted 3D model was significantly increased by approximately 60% in the perfusion system. Dynamic cultivation also enhanced the cytotoxicity of the tested drug, and the drug-mediated apoptosis was increased with a fourfold higher fraction of cells with a signal for the apoptosis marker caspase-3 and a sixfold higher fraction of cells positive for PARP-1. Altogether, this easily reproducible cancer model can be used for initial testing of the cytotoxicity of new anticancer substances. For subsequent in-depth characterization of candidate drugs, further improvements will be necessary, such as the generation of a multi-cell type lung cancer model and the lining of vascular structures with endothelial cells.
Tesis sobre el tema "Spectroscopic digital markers"
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Oudahmane, Imane. "Évaluation de l’analyse vibrationnelle des urines comme potentiel outil diagnostique du cancer de la vessie". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS049.
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Le diagnostic initial et la surveillance du cancer de la vessie reposent essentiellement sur la cystoscopie, un examen invasif, combinée à une cytologie urinaire dont la sensibilité est faible pour les stades précoces de ce cancer. La recherche de biomarqueurs à partir de l'urine répond au besoin de mettre au point des tests non invasifs, avec une sensibilité améliorée par rapport à la pratique actuelle. Malgré de nombreux développements, aucun test urinaire n'est actuellement recommandé pour une utilisation en routine clinique, pour des raisons de complexité d’utilisation, de performances ou de coût. L’analyse vibrationnelle des urines, par spectroscopie d’absorption infrarouge, est une approche intéressante pour la mise en place d’un test urinaire simple d’utilisation, relativement peu couteux et applicable en pratique clinique. Dans ce travail de thèse, les performances diagnostiques de cette technique, combinée à des outils d’apprentissage automatique, ont été évaluées à partir de prélèvements urinaires provenant de patients consultant dans le service d'Urologie du CHU de Reims. Malgré la forte variabilité spectrale des échantillons d'urine, l'optimisation combinée des prétraitements spectraux et des paramètres propres aux modèles de classification permet d'obtenir des résultats encourageants. Les développements algorithmiques ont été conçus pour pourvoir prendre en compte les données cliniques ; ce qui pourrait constituer une voie potentielle d'amélioration dans le cadre de futures investigationsInitial diagnosis and monitoring of bladder cancer is mainly based on cystoscopy, an invasive examination combined with urine cytology, which has limited sensitivity, especially in the early stages of this cancer. The need for non-invasive tests with improved sensitivity has led to the exploration of urine-based biomarker testing. Despite numerous advancements, no urine-based test is currently recommended for routine clinical use due to the complexity of use, performance, or cost. Vibrational analysis of urine using infrared absorption spectroscopy is an interesting approach for developing an easy-to-use, relatively inexpensive, and clinically applicable urine test. In this thesis, the diagnostic performances of this technique, combined with machine learning tools, were evaluated using urine samples from patients consulting the Urology Department of the Reims University Hospital. Despite the high spectral variability of urine samples, the combined optimization of spectral pretreatments and classification model parameters yielded promising results. Meanwhile, algorithmic developments have been developed to include clinical data, offering a way to improve the performance of these techniques in future investigations
Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Spectroscopic digital markers"
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Shrivastava, Chandramani, Karim Bondabou, Mahdi Ammar, Simone Di Santo, Tetsushi Yamada y Sophie Androvandi. "Automation in Cuttings Analysis: Futuristic Preview of Digital Enablement for Geology 101". En Offshore Technology Conference Asia. OTC, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/31399-ms.
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Abstract Analysis of drill-cuttings collected on the rig has always been the most basic, yet most direct means of understanding the subsurface within its own limitations. However, automation enabled by digital transformation of this aspect of mud logging has greatly increased the importance of this data. A futuristic preview is being presented for the repositioning and value showcasing of most basic and widely available data, i.e., cuttings with digital enablement. Cost-efficient characterization with lean sample preparation, reducing the adverse environmental imprint to near real-time formation evaluation leading to enhanced well placement and completion design is reshaping the old-school mudlogging with direct detection and quantification of minerals, total organic carbon (TOC), kerogen content and elemental composition; often minimizing the requirement for time-and-cost intensive wireline logging. Labor-intensive sample collection is getting automated, and subjective and descriptive interpretation per experience of mud-logger is giving way to digital, objective interpretation, ready to be integrated with logging-while-drilling data in real-time. In addition to the X-Ray Fluorescence & Diffraction; newer technologies like Diffused Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) are being incorporated in wellsite set-up with reduced footprint on rig and minimized usage of chemicals. Unique automated process can analyze high resolution digital images to deliver plethora of information in minimum time; often augmented with the help of artificial intelligence. A futuristic view with building blocks of the automated interpretation process is presented. Examples from different steps needed to achieve automation are provided, from sample preparation to digital analysis through machine learning for a holistic futuristic vision to highlight digital enablement in delivering the well-objectives in cost-efficient and timely manner honoring the changing market dynamics. This foundational cutting analysis (Geology 101) vision would drive further adavnces in this field.