Bibliografías temáticas / Spatial variation

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Spatial variation"

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Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 20 de febrero de 2023

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Spatial variation"

1

Kemp, C. D. y Bertil Matern. "Spatial Variation." Statistician 37, n.º 1 (1988): 84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2348387.

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Brown, James H., David W. Mehlman y George C. Stevens. "Spatial Variation in Abundance". Ecology 76, n.º 7 (octubre de 1995): 2028–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1941678.

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Xu, Qin y Li Wei. "Formulations for Estimating Spatial Variations of Analysis Error Variance to Improve Multiscale and Multistep Variational Data Assimilation". Advances in Meteorology 2018 (2018): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7931964.

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When the coarse-resolution observations used in the first step of multiscale and multistep variational data assimilation become increasingly nonuniform and/or sparse, the error variance of the first-step analysis tends to have increasingly large spatial variations. However, the analysis error variance computed from the previously developed spectral formulations is constant and thus limited to represent only the spatially averaged error variance. To overcome this limitation, analytic formulations are constructed to efficiently estimate the spatial variation of analysis error variance and associated spatial variation in analysis error covariance. First, a suite of formulations is constructed to efficiently estimate the error variance reduction produced by analyzing the coarse-resolution observations in one- and two-dimensional spaces with increased complexity and generality (from uniformly distributed observations with periodic extension to nonuniformly distributed observations without periodic extension). Then, three different formulations are constructed for using the estimated analysis error variance to modify the analysis error covariance computed from the spectral formulations. The successively improved accuracies of these three formulations and their increasingly positive impacts on the two-step variational analysis (or multistep variational analysis in first two steps) are demonstrated by idealized experiments.
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4

Itoh, M., Y. Kosugi, S. Takanashi, Y. Hayashi, S. Kanemitsu, K. Osaka, M. Tani y A. R. Nik. "Temporal and spatial variations of soil carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide fluxes in a Southeast Asian tropical rainforest". Biogeosciences Discussions 7, n.º 5 (9 de septiembre de 2010): 6847–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-7-6847-2010.

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Abstract. To clarify the factors controlling temporal and spatial variations of soil carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) fluxes, we investigated these gas fluxes and environmental factors in a tropical rainforest in Peninsular Malaysia. Temporal variation of CO2 flux in a 2-ha plot was positively related to soil water condition and rainfall history. Spatially, CO2 flux was negatively related to soil water condition. When CO2 flux hotspots were included, no other environmental factors such as soil C or N concentrations showed any significant correlation. Although the larger area sampled in the present study complicates explanations of spatial variation of CO2 flux, our results support a previously reported bipolar relationship between the temporal and spatial patterns of CO2 flux and soil water condition observed at the study site in a smaller study plot. Flux of CH4 was usually negative with little variation, resulting in the soil at our study site functioning as a CH4 sink. Both temporal and spatial variations of CH4 flux were positively related to the soil water condition. Soil N concentration was also related to the spatial distribution of CH4 flux. Some hotspots were observed, probably due to CH4 production by termites, and these hotspots obscured the relationship between both temporal and spatial variations of CH4 flux and environmental factors. Temporal variation of N2O flux and soil N2O concentration was large and significantly related to the soil water condition, or in a strict sense, to rainfall history. Thus, the rainfall pattern controlled wet season N2O production in soil and its soil surface flux. Spatially, large N2O emissions were detected in wet periods at wetter and anaerobic locations, and were thus determined by soil physical properties. Our results showed that, even in Southeast Asian rainforests where distinct dry and wet seasons do not exist, variation in the soil water condition related to rainfall history controlled the temporal variations of soil CO2 flux, CH4 uptake, and N2O emission. The soil water condition associated with soil hydraulic properties was also the important controlling factor of the spatial distributions of these gas fluxes.
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5

Park, Yonghwan, Taewoong Jang, Jongkuk Kim, Su-Kyung Kim, Il-Kwon Kim, Chang-Jun Kim y Yasuoki Takami. "Temporal Variation Dominates in Local Carabid Beetle Communities in Korean Mountains". Insects 12, n.º 11 (12 de noviembre de 2021): 1019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects12111019.

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Spatial and temporal variation in ecological environments may result in spatial and temporal variation in communities. Temporal studies of biodiversity are essential for forecasting future changes in community structure and ecosystem function. Therefore, determining the mechanisms that drive temporal change in communities remains an important and interesting challenge in ecology. We quantified spatial and temporal variations in carabid beetle communities and site-specific environmental factors for 5 years at nine study sites on three mountains in the Baekdudaegan Mountain Range, Korea. Carabid beetle communities exhibited significant temporal variation, which was larger than spatial variations between and within mountains. Environmental factors mostly varied between sites within mountains. Community variation was only weakly associated with environmental factors at wide scales, i.e., between sites on three mountains, but was strongly associated at narrow spatial scales, i.e., between sites within one mountain. Our results indicate that temporal variation in communities occurs in response to variations in the local climate, and that the patterns of temporal variation differ between mountains. Thus, temporal surveys of insect communities and climates at local scales are important for predicting temporal changes in the communities.
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6

Praat, J. P., A. F. Bollen y A. D. Mowat. "CHARACTERISING SPATIAL VARIATION IN QUALITY". Acta Horticulturae, n.º 753 (octubre de 2007): 305–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2007.753.38.

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Fenton, G. A. y E. H. Vanmarcke. "Spatial variation in liquefaction risk". Géotechnique 48, n.º 6 (diciembre de 1998): 819–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1680/geot.1998.48.6.819.

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Congdon, Peter. "Spatial variation in attributable risks". Spatial and Spatio-temporal Epidemiology 12 (enero de 2015): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sste.2015.02.002.

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Warshaw, Christopher. "Spatial variation in messaging effects". Nature Climate Change 8, n.º 5 (16 de abril de 2018): 360–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41558-018-0143-8.

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Mulligan, Gordon F. y Timothy J. Fik. "Price Variation in Spatial Oligopolies". Geographical Analysis 21, n.º 1 (3 de septiembre de 2010): 32–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1989.tb00875.x.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Spatial variation"

1

West, R. M. "Statistical aspects of spatial variation". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382715.

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Fik, Timothy Joseph. "Price variation in spatial oligopolies". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184708.

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As social scientists have become increasingly aware of the welfare implications of firms' locations in space there has been a considerable amount of renewed interest in the issues pertaining to the geography of price. In the short time since Hay and Johnston (1980) lamented the insufficient attention being given to the theoretical background of geographic pricing, there has been impressive amounts of progress in certain analytical areas. However, within this bulk of literature, we still know remarkably little about the determinants of geographic price variation in spatial markets containing numerous sellers (firms) and buyers (consumers). Perhaps this should not be surprising given that much of the current research is being carried out by economists (who generally tend to emphasize market process in classically constructed structural-conduct-performance modes) rather than geographers (who tend to emphasize market description and locational patterns/properties arising from spatially defined economic and behavioral market processes). This dissertation focuses on geographic price variations in competitive oligopolies, where firms react under alternative pricing conjectures/strategies. Using computer aided simulation, the analytics of equilibrium price levels are examined in one-dimensional bounded and unbounded markets to uncover the algebraic properties of spatial markets, the effects of firm density, firm location, and demand elasticity on prices, the perversities associated with consumer-related transportation costs, and the distorting effects of mixed or asymmetrical rivals' pricing strategies. The modeling of spatial price competition is regarded as essential in the evaluation of equilibrium price as a function of boundary complications, market description, and the spatial arrangement of interdependent rivals. Long-run implications of spatial price competition are discussed with the intention of developing a model (beyond the scope of this dissertation) that not only recognizes rivals' price reactions, but also stresses locationally competitive strategies. Some empirical evidence on the nature of spatial price dependence amongst rival food chains in a metropolitan area is also examined.
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Thrippleton, Michael Jonathan. "New NMR techniques employing spatial variation". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616058.

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Hunter, Sally E. "Spatial and temporal variation in contourite sedimentation : link to variations in palaeocirculation". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/145875/.

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Topcu, Metin. "Spatial Variation Of Apartment Housing In Ankara". Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605726/index.pdf.

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This thesis contains explanations about the reasons why residents prefer apartment housing to low rise housing far away from the central business district. And it also investigates the facts that affect residents&rsquo
and producers&rsquo
apartment housing choice. As a dominant housing provision type, apartment housing is produced every location in urban space in Ankara. Therefore the study begins with investigating the formation and growth of apartment housing in Ankara by introducing spatial variation of apartment housing. With the help of building and population censuses, distribution of 400 quarters in the Greater Ankara Municipality borders with respect to building and population density, building features, share of apartment housing and average number of storeys are analyzed. FAR values are calculated and analyzed from the CBD to western direction to introduce the change in building densities. Lastly a questionnaire survey is done to find out whether differentiation of building and environment attributes of apartment housing that are produced in different location of urban area are well-matched with their residents&rsquo
preferences. At the end of the analysis differentiation of housing structure of the city clearly comes out. While it is expected that the height of housing structure is decreasing by going far away from the CBD, it is found increasing along certain directions such as western and south-western. However by moving at western direction FAR decreases from 2 to 0,75 which states different characteristics of housing structure even if high average number of storey. As a result apartment housing provisions at different locations offer different lifestyles with their building and environmental characteristics.
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6

Zhang, Wangyang. "IC Spatial Variation Modeling: Algorithms and Applications". Research Showcase @ CMU, 2012. http://repository.cmu.edu/dissertations/136.

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Rapidly improving the yield of today's complicated manufacturing process is a key challenge to ensure profitability for the IC industry. In this thesis, we propose accurate and efficient modeling techniques for spatial variation, which is becoming increasing important in the advanced technology nodes. Based on the spatial model, we develop algorithms for two applications that help identify the important yield-limiting factors and prioritize yield improvement efforts. Variation decomposition narrows down the sources of variation by decomposing the overall variation into multiple different components, each corresponding to a different subset of variation sources. Wafer spatial signature clustering automatically partitions a large number of wafers into groups exhibiting different spatial signatures, which helps process engineers find important factors that prevent the process from stably maintaining a high yield across different lots and wafers. An important problem in variation decomposition is to accurately model and extract the wafer-level and within-die spatially correlated variation. Towards this goal, we first develop a physical basis function dictionary based on our study of several common physical variation sources. We further propose the DCT dictionary to discover spatially correlated systematic patterns not modeled by the physical dictionary. Moreover, we propose to apply sparse regression to significantly reduce the over-fitting problem posed by a large basis function dictionary. We further extend the sparse regression algorithm to a robust sparse regression algorithm for outlier detection, which provides superior accuracy compared to the traditional IQR method. Finally, we propose several efficient methods to make the computational cost of sparse regression tractable for large-scale problems. We further develop an algorithm for the wafer spatial signature clustering problem based on three steps. First, we re-use the spatial variation modeling technique developed for variation decomposition to automatically capture the spatial signatures of wafers by a small number of features. Next, we select a complete-link hierarchical clustering algorithm to perform clustering on the features. Finally, we develop a modified L-method to select the number of clusters from the hierarchical clustering result.
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7

Walford, Hannah Louise. "Spatial and temporal variation of African epeirogeny". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.620082.

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8

Lee, Ho Young. "Diagnosing spatial variation patterns in manufacturing processes". Diss., Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969/122.

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9

Phoenix, Joseph D. "Spatial Temperature Variation in Refrigerated Road Transport". DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4418.

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This study evaluated the temperature variability that existed in refrigerated table grape consignments over a two-day journey from two suppliers in southern Spain, to client managed facilities in England. In order to inhibit senescence, perishable foods are transported in temperature-controlled transport to maximize shelf life. However, thermal dynamics suggests that uniform spatial temperature is not necessarily achieved despite a constant set point. As fruit exposed to suboptimal temperatures is more likely to exhibit undesirable quality issues, knowledge of spatial temperature can direct quality control team members to these potentially problematic pallets within an inbound shipment. Warmer temperatures were identified on the passenger side of both trailers, at the rear of both trailers, and in lower pallet layers. Furthermore, heightened temperature was recorded in lower pallet layers in close proximity to the refrigeration return unit. The Supplier 2 shipment, set at 4oC, exhibited more spatially uniform temperatures compared to the Supplier 1 shipment set at 1oC. This implies that an operational compromise may exist: a higher but more uniform temperature or a lower but more variable temperature. In addition, analysis of airflow distribution suggested that airflow could be improved specifically in lower pallet layers and towards the rear of the trailer. Improved circulation will promote improved temperature uniformity for quality maintenance.
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10

Lau, Mandy Hang Man. "Spatial planning, meta-governance and sub-regional variation". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608284.

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Libros sobre el tema "Spatial variation"

1

Spatial variation. 2a ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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2

Matérn, Bertil. Spatial Variation. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5.

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Matérn, Bertil. Spatial variation. 2a ed. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1986.

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Sheng-I, Hsu. Spatial variation of solar radiation in Hong Kong. Hong Kong: Chinese University of Hong Kong, Dept.of Geography, 1986.

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5

Grijns, C. D. Jakarta Malay: A multidimensional approach to spatial variation. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1991.

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Zerva, Aspasia. Spatial variation of seismic ground motions: Modeling and engineering applications. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2008.

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Pearson, Donald E. Spatial and temporal variability in growth of widow rockfish (Sebastes entomelas). Tiburon, Calif: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, 1990.

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Deaton, Angus. Quality, quantity, and spatial variation of price: Estimating price elasticities from cross-sectional data. Washington, D.C., U.S.A: World Bank, 1988.

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Andrén, Olof. Spatial variation of soil physical and chemical properties in an arable field with high clay content. Uppsala: Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Institutionen för ekologi och miljövård, 1990.

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Schulze, Chad C. Can spatial and temporal variation in sampling regime cause the rapid bioassessment protocols to change assessments? Bellingham, WA: Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, 1995.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Spatial variation"

1

Matérn, Bertil. "Introduction". En Spatial Variation, 7–9. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5_1.

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Matérn, Bertil. "Stationary stochastic processes in Rn". En Spatial Variation, 10–27. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5_2.

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Matérn, Bertil. "Some particular models". En Spatial Variation, 27–51. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5_3.

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Matérn, Bertil. "Some remarks on the topographic variation". En Spatial Variation, 51–68. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5_4.

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Matérn, Bertil. "On the efficiency of some methods of locating sample points in R2". En Spatial Variation, 68–100. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5_5.

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Matérn, Bertil. "Various problems in sample surveys". En Spatial Variation, 100–135. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5_6.

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Matérn, Bertil. "Sammanfattning". En Spatial Variation, 135–39. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-7892-5_7.

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Lutscher, Frithjof. "Spatial Variation". En Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics, 285–330. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-29294-2_15.

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Nagylaki, Thomas. "Neutral models of geographical variation". En Stochastic Spatial Processes, 216–37. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bfb0076251.

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Xu, Hongwei. "Quantifying Spatial Variation in Aggregate Cultural Tolerance". En Spatial Synthesis, 77–96. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52734-1_7.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Spatial variation"

1

Zhang, Wangyang, Karthik Balakrishnan, Xin Li, Duane Boning, Emrah Acar, Frank Liu y Rob A. Rutenbar. "Spatial variation decomposition via sparse regression". En 2012 IEEE International Conference on IC Design & Technology (ICICDT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicdt.2012.6232875.

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Noack, David. "Spatial Variation in Search Engine Results". En 2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hicss.2010.345.

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Potapov, Eugene. "Gyrfalcon Diet: Spatial and Temporal Variation." En Gyrfalcons and Ptarmigan in a Changing World. The Peregrine Fund, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4080/gpcw.2011.0106.

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Backstrom, Lars, Jon Kleinberg, Ravi Kumar y Jasmine Novak. "Spatial variation in search engine queries". En Proceeding of the 17th international conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1367497.1367546.

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Kovalevich, Tatiana, Barbara Witek, Daniel Riggs, Joost Bekaert, Lieve Van Look y Mark John Maslow. "Spatial frequency breakdown of CD variation". En 37th European Mask and Lithography Conference, editado por Uwe Behringer. SPIE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2640808.

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Wei, Yingchun, Daiyong Cao y Juemei Deng. "A new practical methodology of the coal bed stability evaluation: the trend and variation method". En International Symposium on Spatial Analysis, Spatial-temporal Data Modeling, and Data Mining, editado por Yaolin Liu y Xinming Tang. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.837308.

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Serrano, E., M. P. Y. Desmulliez, S. M. Prince, H. Inbar y B. S. Wherrett. "Multiple-Quantum-Well Binary-Phase Modulators: Design and Tolerance Analysis." En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.stue.9.

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Over the last fifteen years, various types of semiconductor electro-absorption modulators have been fabricated and analysed. The potential use of such devices in photonic switching fabrics and inter-chip interconnections has provoked numerous studies of their performance capabilities and design trade-offs [1,2]. Of particular concern has been the impossibility, until recently, to manufacture fast 2-D multiple quantum well (MQW) phase modulator arrays. Trezza and coworkers reported a π-phase change in a reflection-mode vertical cavity asymmetric multiple quantum well [3], in which the absorption variation induced by an external applied field causes a change in the dominant role played by one of the cavity minors. Moreover, the device, named a phase-flip modulator, is designed so that no change in throughput is induced by the bias voltage. The π phase change at constant reflectivity requires a careful cavity design and the precise determination of the operating wavelength and voltage swing. A systematic study demands the implementation of a tolerance methodology. Results, based on such a methodology, will be presented that analyse which parameters are in achieving the best overall device performance, the optimum operating conditions and the higher degree of robustness (the tolerance) to the variations in device characteristics.
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Shervais, Katherine A. H., James D. Kirkpatrick y Michael J. Ronayne. "SPATIAL VARIATION IN FAULT SLIP ZONE THICKNESS". En GSA Annual Meeting in Denver, Colorado, USA - 2016. Geological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2016am-286700.

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Hossain, Mustaque, Stefan Romanoschi y Andrew J. Gisi. "Seasonal and Spatial Variation of Subgrade Response". En Geo-Denver 2000. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40509(286)10.

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Tian, Wei, Song Yang, Lai Wei y Qingxin Meng. "Spatial Variation of Urban Building Energy Analysis". En 2015 Building Simulation Conference. IBPSA, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.26868/25222708.2015.2734.

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Informes sobre el tema "Spatial variation"

1

Beauchemin, M. y K. B. Fung. Image Thresholding Based on Spatial Variation Attribute Similarity. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/220053.

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Szołtysek, Mikołaj, Siegfried Gruber, Sebastian Klüsener y Joshua R. Goldstein. Spatial variation in household structures in 19th-century Germany. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, octubre de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2010-030.

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Desmet, Klaus y Romain Wacziarg. Understanding Spatial Variation in COVID-19 across the United States. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, junio de 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27329.

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Amin, Sajeda. Spatial variation in contraceptive use in Bangladesh: Looking beyond the borders. Population Council, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy6.1040.

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Roberts, R. M. Spatial and angular variation and discretization of the self-adjoint transport operator. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), marzo de 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/442191.

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Fendorf, Scott, Markus Kleber y Peter Nico. Spatial variation in microbial processes controlling carbon mineralization within soils and sediments. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), octubre de 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1400275.

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Crawford, Timothy L. y Gennaro H. Crescenti. Spatial Variation of Wind Stress and Wave Field in the Shoaling Zone. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, septiembre de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada610178.

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Crawford, Timothy L. y Gennaro H. Crescenti. Spatial Variation of Wind Stress and Wave Field in the Shoaling Zone. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto de 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada627971.

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Crawford, Timothy L. Spatial Variation of Waves, Stress and Wind Field in the Shoaling Zone. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, septiembre de 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada633472.

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Kennan, John. Spatial Variation in Higher Education Financing and the Supply of College Graduates. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, abril de 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w21065.

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