Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Spatial indicators"
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1
Yang, Jun, Xiangyu Luo, Yixiong Xiao, Shaoqing Shen, Mo Su, Yuqi Bai y Peng Gong. "Comparing the Use of Spatially Explicit Indicators and Conventional Indicators in the Evaluation of Healthy Cities: A Case Study in Shenzhen, China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 20 (12 de octubre de 2020): 7409. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207409.
Resumen
Various indicator systems have been developed to monitor and assess healthy cities. However, few of them contain spatially explicit indicators. In this study, we assessed four health determinants in Shenzhen, China, using both indicators commonly included in healthy city indicator systems and spatially explicit indicators. The spatially explicit indicators were developed using detailed building information or social media data. Our results showed that the evaluation results of districts and sub-districts in Shenzhen based on spatially explicit indicators could be positively, negatively, or not associated with the evaluation results based on conventional indicators. The discrepancy may be caused by the different information contained in the two types of indicators. The spatially explicit indicators measure the quantity of the determinants and the spatial accessibility of these determinants, while the conventional indicators only measure the quantity. Our results also showed that social media data have great potential to represent the high-resolution population distribution required to estimate spatially explicit indicators. Based on our findings, we recommend that spatially explicit indicators should be included in healthy city indicator systems to allow for a more comprehensive assessment of healthy cities.
2
Sadovyy, I. I., N. M. Stupen, K. K. Zholamanov, O. M. Kulbaka y M. O. Grek. "Indicators improvement of territories spatial development". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1254, n.º 1 (1 de octubre de 2023): 012095. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1254/1/012095.
Resumen
Abstract Land use planning of territorial communities is an important component of creating rational sustainable land use. The key task of planning is to find a balance between the economic and ecological components of land use. The most effective agricultural land on the territory of communities is arable land. Advanced modern software and the remote zoning data amount of land make it possible to conduct a complete analysis of land resources condition. To evaluate project decisions, plan indicators and determine land use trends, it is necessary to use integrated indicators that comprehensively describe spatial characteristics. On the basis of complex numbers, it is offered to use an indicator that consists of the territory assessment arableness and the area of land massifs to the perimeter ratio. For the assessment, a “reference” project is used, which was created taking into account the developed recommendations. The integration of the indicator makes it possible to indirectly evaluate the ecological and economic component of agricultural activity. The use of complex numbers makes it possible to expand the use of analysis tools and the capabilities of computing technology.
3
Minat, Valerij. "Spatial Inhomogene in USA Innovation". Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Ekonomika, n.º 2 (julio de 2021): 149–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/ek.jvolsu.2021.2.13.
Resumen
The subject of this study is the spatially heterogeneous innovation activity carried out at the regional(meso) level of the United States, analyzed and evaluated on the basis of qualitative indicators (indicators and integral indicator) of the level of innovation potential and innovation activity of regional innovation systems that have received development and statistical accounting of the results of these activities in within specific states. The identified combinations, high correlation dependence and interconnection of indicators of the innovative potential and innovative activity of regional innovation systems of the US states, made it possible to substantiate a number of trends in the development of these systems, to assess the features of spatial integration and, at the same time, the different-level differentiation of these systems, reflecting the heterogeneity and uneven development innovation activity on the “center- peripheral” principle. The final typology of regional innovation systems of the US states, based on the logarithmically normal distribution of the indices of innovation activity and the integral indicator of the level of innovative potential of the average values for the period 2015–2019, results in a qualitative spatial diversity of these systems, determined by the joint influence of both economic phenomena on the deepening of heterogeneity and differentiation of the latter.
4
Pluto-Kossakowska, Joanna y Marika Cuprjak. "INDICATORS METHOD OF AESTHETICS ANALYSIS USING SPATIAL DATASETS". Space&FORM 2023, n.º 55 (29 de septiembre de 2023): 179–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.21005/pif.2023.55.c-03.
Resumen
The research aimed to propose and test a methodology for evaluating spatial aesthetics using a grid of basic fields and comparing them with indicators related to the administrative borders of municipalities. The indicators used in such analysis refer to attributes of the landscape that enable the assessment of its structure and components. This paper proposes a methodology for calculating selected indicators based on available spatial datasets. A mathematical formula was adapted or prepared for each indicator to determine its value using different datasets, including vector databases or raster files. The analyses of space order allowed presenting the spatial distribution in the form of maps and the possibility of adjusting the relevance of individual criteria, weights, and profiles.
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Kosfeld, Reinhold, Hans-Friedrich Eckey y Matthias Türck. "LISA (Local Indicators of Spatial Association)". WiSt - Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches Studium 36, n.º 3 (2007): 157–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.15358/0340-1650-2007-3-157.
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Remme, Roy P., Lars Hein y Chris A. M. van Swaay. "Exploring spatial indicators for biodiversity accounting". Ecological Indicators 70 (noviembre de 2016): 232–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.06.024.
7
Anselin, Luc. "Local Indicators of Spatial Association-LISA". Geographical Analysis 27, n.º 2 (3 de septiembre de 2010): 93–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x.
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Chernykh, E. G. y K. R. Merkurieva. "Creating a special software module to assess the territory’s spatial development indicators". Geodesy and Cartography 998, n.º 8 (20 de septiembre de 2023): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22389/0016-7126-2023-998-8-49-56.
Resumen
The article deals with the problem of assessing the spatial development of a complex entity. To solve the problem, the authors proposed the development of a software module using MapBasic for GIS MapInfo, which greatly simplifies and systematizes the user`s work to form an initial database of the territory spatial development indicators. The accumulated and systematized data form them, and they enable clear demonstrating the results of correlation analysis for the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, HMAO and the South of the Tyumen Oblast, RF. The program module implements the formation of the current indicator’s evaluation model and the forecast of the settlement lands cadastral value’s specific indicator based on multilevel filtering of selected pairs of indicators. The authors note the possibility of integrating the developed module into the existing domestic software of geoinformation systems for the convenience of reorienting projects from one software to another
9
Craig, Ailish, Craig W. Hutton y Justin Sheffield. "Social Capital Typologies and Sustainable Development: Spatial Patterns in the Central and Southern Regions of Malawi". Sustainability 14, n.º 15 (31 de julio de 2022): 9374. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159374.
Resumen
Bonding, bridging and linking social capital can be a useful mechanism to promote sustainable development in low-income countries. Social capital typologies vary spatially, with the rural poor having a specific combination. Similarly, bonding, bridging and linking social capital’s association with sustainable development is also likely to differ spatially across a country, but there is limited research in low-income countries. This study aims to improve understanding of the spatial variation of bonding, bridging and linking social capital in low-income countries using Malawi as a case study. Using secondary data and spatial statistics, including kriging and geographically weighted regression, we explore the spatial variation of social capital typologies and their spatial associations with various sustainable development indicators. There were three key combinations of bonding, bridging and linking social capital, which differ from the standard model of social capital typologies for the rural poor. We also found social capital’s association with sustainable development indicators depends on the social capital typology, study area and the sustainable development indicator in question. With this in mind, development practitioners, researchers and policymakers should aim to understand the specific social capital context prior to sustainable development research or project implementation.
10
Hidayati, Destia Wahyu. "Correlation of Resilience and Spatial Ability In Distance Material". Daya Matematis: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika 8, n.º 2 (12 de julio de 2020): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.26858/jdm.v8i2.13861.
Resumen
Spatial material was material that was very useful in everyday life. Students often had difficulty in imagining spatial objects. Students would had no difficulty in imagining spatial objects if they had good spatial ability. Resilience was needed to learn spatial ability. The purpose of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between resilience and spatial ability and how many the coefficient correlation was, and to find out dominant indicators of resilience so that there was a relationship between resilience and spatial ability in students in the upper, middle, and lower groups. This research was a qualitative-quantitative mixed research. The research instrument was used a test of spatial ability in distance and resilience scale material. The data analysis technique was used the correlation test and data triangulation method. The conclusions of this study were (1) there was a relationship between resilience and spatial ability of 56%, (2) indicators of resilience 'willing to socialize, easy to provide assistance, discuss with peers, and adapt to the environment' were dominant in the upper, middle, and lower groups , resilience indicator ‘use failure experiences to build self-motivation’ was dominant in the upper group, resilience indicators ‘show curiosity, reflect, examine, utilize a variety of dominant sources in the upper group, indicators of resilience perseverance, confidence, work hard, not easy to give up facing problems, failures and uncertainties' were dominant in the lower classes.
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Guttal, Vishwesha y C. Jayaprakash. "Spatial variance and spatial skewness: leading indicators of regime shifts in spatial ecological systems". Theoretical Ecology 2, n.º 1 (2 de diciembre de 2008): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12080-008-0033-1.
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Malinowski, Mariusz. "THE FINANCIAL SITUATION AT A MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT LEVEL VS. STANDARDS OF LIVING OF THE POPULATION IN THE WIELKOPOLSKIE VOIVODSHIP: A SPATIAL ANALYSIS". Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXI, n.º 3 (10 de agosto de 2019): 287–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2803.
Resumen
The purpose of this paper is to identify the (spatial) relationships between the standards of living of the population and the financial capacity of municipalities, with particular focus on rural areas, based on 2017 data. The survey covered all of the 226 municipalities of the Wielkopolskie voivodship. As a result of the multidimensionality of economic categories covered by the analysis, this study used the TOPSIS method to assess the standards of living of the population and the financial capacity of municipalities. An analysis of spatial autocorrelation between the synthetic indicators was carried out based on Moran’s I statistics (local and global) to identify the clusters of municipalities reporting a similar level of aspects covered by this study. A spatial regression analysis was carried out to assess the strength of spatial relationships between the synthetic indicators of the standards of living and the financial capacity of municipalities. A strong correlation exists between the synthetic indicators. Moreover, both the indicator of the standards of living in the municipalities considered and the indicator of the municipalities’ financial capacity demonstrate a statistically significant spatial autocorrelation. The spatial autocorrelation model developed in this study takes account of the mean error in neighbouring locations to better explain the dependencies between these aspects than a traditional least-squares model.
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ZABELINA, Irina y Anastasiya DELYUGA. "GEOECOLOGICAL INDICATORS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: SPATIAL ANALYSIS". Sustainable Development of Mountain Territories 11, n.º 1 (25 de marzo de 2019): 15–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.21177/1998-4502-2019-11-1-15-25.
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Schlaghecken, Friederike, Cristina Meinecke y Erich Schröger. "Processing Spatial and Temporal Discontinuities: Electrophysiological Indicators". Journal of Psychophysiology 15, n.º 2 (abril de 2001): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027//0269-8803.15.2.80.
Resumen
Abstract In a series of four experiments measuring behavioral performance and event-related brain potentials (“ERPs”) in a texture segmentation task, we investigated whether there is evidence that texture stimuli containing a local discontinuity (“D-textures”) are conceptually different from homogeneous stimuli (“H-textures”). Stimuli were presented in an oddball design, with relative frequency of D-textures and H-textures being varied between experiments. It was found that these stimuli are not interchangeable in an oddball situation, as rare D-textures in a context of frequent H-textures give rise to the typical N2b-P3b effects, whereas rare H-textures in a context of frequent D-textures do not. This asymmetry arose because D-textures always elicited enlarged P3b components regardless of their relative frequency. It was concluded that the spatial discontinuity in D-textures adds a feature of “targetness” to these stimuli. Moreover, it was found that a posterior negative-going shift in the N2b latency range (“pN2b”) was mainly modulated by visual stimulus features. This result confirms and extends earlier findings demonstrating the sensitivity of the posterior N2b to physical stimulus characteristics.
15
Kothencz, Gyula y Thomas Blaschke. "Urban parks: Visitors’ perceptions versus spatial indicators". Land Use Policy 64 (mayo de 2017): 233–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2017.02.012.
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Hien, Le Thi Thu, Anne Gobin y Pham Thi Thanh Huong. "Spatial indicators for desertification in southeast Vietnam". Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences 19, n.º 10 (29 de octubre de 2019): 2325–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/nhess-19-2325-2019.
Resumen
Abstract. Desertification is influenced by different factors that relate to climate, soil, topography, geology, vegetation, human pressure, and land and water management. The quantification of these factors into spatially explicit indicators and subsequent evaluation provides for a framework that allows us to identify areas currently at risk of desertification and to evaluate important contributing biophysical and socio-economic factors. Based on local knowledge of environmental contributing factors to the risk of desertification in the Binh Thuan Province of southeast Vietnam, a baseline 2010 map showed that 14.4 % of the area, mainly along the coast and in the northeast, is desertified with another 35.4 % at severe risk of desertification. The Vietnamese Ministry of Natural Resource and Environment has defined the area with a ratio of rainfall to evapotranspiration smaller or equal to 0.65, which equals 1233 km2 or 15 % of the province, as desertified area, which corresponds well with the baseline 2010 map. The developed framework incorporates the important contributing factors and therefore allows for decision support in a “what if” structure and for the projection of potentially vulnerable areas under future scenarios. With projected climate change and population growth, the desertified area is expected to increase by 122 % (or 137 850 ha) towards 2050. The developed methodology can be extended to neighbouring provinces that experience similar sensitivities to desertification.
17
Spiridonov, V. "INDICATORS OF TERRITORIAL AND SPATIAL REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT". Bulletin of Belgorod State Technological University named after. V. G. Shukhov 8, n.º 12 (29 de septiembre de 2023): 67–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34031/2071-7318-2023-8-12-67-82.
Resumen
A cross-section of modern evaluation scales of the spatial organization of regional and urban systems is presented, focused on ensuring sustainable, information technology, architectural and urban development of the living environment of people. Theoretical models of unified indexing of the territorial and spatial organization of regions are proposed, corresponding to the current regulatory framework and priority scientific research in the field of criteria of spatial development of regions and their parts, as well as a table of correlation of differences in the conditions of spatial development of regions. The task of "developing the scientific foundations and methodology of the human habitat quality assessment system", including at the regional level, is included in the List of priority areas for the development of applied sciences and exploratory research of the RAASN and the Ministry of Construction of Russia. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of a systematic approach to urban planning, corresponding to the laws of goal-setting, construction and development (implementation) of complex systems. The practical significance of the research lies in the use of the main results of the work in the urban planning support of the spatial development strategy of Russia in terms of the application of its provisions in the preparation of regulatory requirements for urban planning documentation in the field of spatial and territorial planning of the development of regions and agglomeration forms of settlement; in the educational process of preparation in the areas of "Architecture" and "Urban Planning".
18
Lazzerini, Giulio, Camilla Dibari, Paolo Merante, Gaio Cesare Pacini, Valentina Moschini, Paola Migliorini y Concetta Vazzana. "Identification and mapping the high nature value farmland by the comparison of a combined and species approaches in Tuscany, Italy". Italian Journal of Agronomy 10, n.º 3 (18 de septiembre de 2015): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ija.2015.676.
Resumen
Low-intensity farming systems play a crucial role in nature conservation by preserving 50% of habitats, flora and fauna occurring in Europe. For this reason the identification, classification and mapping of high nature value farmlands (HNVfs) is becoming an overriding concern. In this study, two different approaches, namely combined approach and species-based approach, were used to spatially identify HNVfs (type 1, 2 and 3) across Tuscany region (Italy). The first approach calculated different indicators (extensive practices indicator, crop diversity indicator, landscape element indicator) at 1×1 km grid cell spatial resolution using pre-existent spatial datasets integrated within a global information system environment. Whilst, the speciesbased approach relied on a pre-existent regional naturalistic inventory. All indicators and the resulting HNVfs derived from the two approaches were aggregated at municipality level. Despite some difference, the two adopted approaches intercepted spatially the same HNVfs areas, accounting for 35% of the total utilised agricultural area of the region. Just 16% of HNVfs resulted located inside protected areas, thus under current conservation and protection management actions. Finally, HNVfs of the Tuscany region were spatially aggregated in four relevant agro-ecosystems by taking into consideration the cropping systems and the landscape elements’ characteristics peculiar in the region.
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Jernberg, Susanna, Henrik Nygård, Ainars Aunins, Antti Lappalainen, Anna-Stiina Heiskanen, Jens Olsson, Pirkko Kauppila, Samuli Korpinen, Kirsi Kostamo y Laura Uusitalo. "A retrospective assessment of marine biodiversity: a critical analysis of integration and aggregation rules". Socio-Environmental Systems Modelling 1 (5 de julio de 2019): 16128. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/sesmo.2019a16128.
Resumen
Oceans around the world are threatened by human pressures. Ecological indicators are useful tools in understanding complex systems and their changes caused by human pressures, and the information they offer is also needed for ecosystem-based management. Integrated assessments combine information produced by several indicators at different spatial scales and thus offer a more holistic view of the status of the ecosystem. In this study, we evaluate the integration of biodiversity indicators at different spatial scales in two study areas in the Baltic Sea: Gulf of Finland and Bothnian Sea. By producing time series of the indicators and integrated assessments, we study the historical changes in the overall marine biodiversity status, and the impact of data availability, indicator selection, and choice of spatial assessment units on the status assessment. The integrated assessments are produced using the Biodiversity Assessment Tool (BEAT 3.0) and following the procedure of the HELCOM integrated assessment of biodiversity. The analysis shows that the results of the integrated assessment depend strongly on which indicators are available for the assessment, and on the chosen spatial assessment units. While the integrated assessments are a strong communication tool, their interpretation needs to be accompanied by information of indicators to avoid misleading conclusions about the marine ecosystem status.
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Gerdener, Helena, Olga Engels y Jürgen Kusche. "A framework for deriving drought indicators from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE)". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 24, n.º 1 (16 de enero de 2020): 227–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-24-227-2020.
Resumen
Abstract. Identifying and quantifying drought in retrospective is a necessity for better understanding drought conditions and the propagation of drought through the hydrological cycle and eventually for developing forecast systems. Hydrological droughts refer to water deficits in surface and subsurface storage, and since these are difficult to monitor at larger scales, several studies have suggested exploiting total water storage data from the GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellite gravity mission to analyze them. This has led to the development of GRACE-based drought indicators. However, it is unclear how the ubiquitous presence of climate-related or anthropogenic water storage trends found within GRACE analyses masks drought signals. Thus, this study aims to better understand how drought signals propagate through GRACE drought indicators in the presence of linear trends, constant accelerations, and GRACE-specific spatial noise. Synthetic data are constructed and existing indicators are modified to possibly improve drought detection. Our results indicate that while the choice of the indicator should be application-dependent, large differences in robustness can be observed. We found a modified, temporally accumulated version of the Zhao et al. (2017) indicator particularly robust under realistic simulations. We show that linear trends and constant accelerations seen in GRACE data tend to mask drought signals in indicators and that different spatial averaging methods required to suppress the spatially correlated GRACE noise affect the outcome. Finally, we identify and analyze two droughts in South Africa using real GRACE data and the modified indicators.
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Okunev, I. y E. Zakharova. "The Neighborhood Effect on Perceptions of Corruption: Comparative Spatial Autocorrelation Analysis". International Trends / Mezhdunarodnye protsessy 21, n.º 2 (7 de diciembre de 2023): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17994/it.2023.21.2.73.6.
Resumen
This article aims to investigate the factors influencing the perception of high corruption levels in a country and examines the potential existence of spatial dependence in the distribution of these factors. It specifically focuses on exploring the interdependence between the Corruption Perception Index (CPI) and forty four other factors categorized into six distinct categories. The central hypothesis posits that the interdependence between the CPI and these factors is more pronounced at the domestic level compared to its influence on indicators in neighboring countries. To assess the degree of interdependence between the CPI and each of the other indicators, the Pearson's Coefficient of Determination is employed, enabling an evaluation of corruption levels based on domestic state-specific factors. Furthermore, Moran's Bivariate Spatial Autocorrelation Index is utilized to elucidate the extent to which the CPI in one country influences one of the forty-four indicators in neighboring countries. Additionally, the Index of Spatial Interdependence is employed to ascertain the significance of domestic and international factors for each indicator. The research findings provide several noteworthy conclusions. Firstly, the neighborhood effect proves to be particularly significant for indicators that hold universal relevance for all governments, such as demographic and standard of living indicators. Conversely, indicators influenced by institutional, historical, and cultural differences exhibit stronger interrelations within the state. Lastly, the study establishes that the Pearson's Index holds greater significance than the Bivariate Moran's Index of Spatial Autocorrelation and the Index of Spatial Interdependence, thereby confirming the proposed hypothesis.
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Prelogović, Vedran. "Socio-spatial polarisation in Zagreb". Dela, n.º 21 (1 de diciembre de 2004): 381–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/dela.21.381-391.
Resumen
The paper is based on the preliminary results of the research of socio-spatial structure in Zagreb. The main socioeconomic indicators: educational structure, average earnings, and the structure of employed and unemployed population were analysed. Despite the lack of relevant statistical indicators, results show notable changes of socio-spatial structure indu-ced by transition processes. Differences between city districts, expressed by socioeconomic indicators can be viewed as a beginning of the process of socio-spatial polarisation in Zagreb.
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Barreca, Alice, Rocco Curto y Diana Rolando. "Housing Vulnerability and Property Prices: Spatial Analyses in the Turin Real Estate Market". Sustainability 10, n.º 9 (28 de agosto de 2018): 3068. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10093068.
Resumen
In the literature, several vulnerability/resilience indicators and indexes are based and assessed by taking into account and combining different dimensions. Housing vulnerability is one of these dimensions and is strictly related to the buildings’ physical features and to the socio-economic condition of their occupants. This research aims to study housing vulnerability in relation to the real estate market by identifying possible indicators and spatially analyzing their influence on property prices. Assuming the city of Turin and its territorial segmentation as a case study, spatial analyses were performed to take into account the presence of spatial dependence and to identify the variables that significantly influence the process of property price determination. The results of this study highlighted the fact that two housing vulnerability indicators, representative of fragile buildings’ physical features, were spatially correlated with property prices and had a significant and negative influence on them. In addition, their comparison with two social vulnerability indicators demonstrated that the presence of economical buildings and council houses was spatially correlated with the presence of people with a low education level. The results of the spatial regression model also confirmed that one of the social vulnerability indicators had the highest and most negative explanatory power in the property price determination process.
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Sowińska-Świerkosz, Barbara y Malwina Michalik-Śnieżek. "The Methodology of Landscape Quality (LQ) Indicators Analysis Based on Remote Sensing Data: Polish National Parks Case Study". Sustainability 12, n.º 7 (2 de abril de 2020): 2810. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072810.
Resumen
Landscape quality (LQ) encompasses diverse characteristic of the natural and cultural environment. The most effective tool to analyze LQ is the use of indicators. The main problem in the assessment of LQ is not the lack of indicators, but its multitude. That is why, the indicators’ categorization is a problematic issue. The paper aims to introduce and test the methodology for selecting the suitable indicators based on the example of two national parks located in the south-east part of Poland. The method composed of the following stages: (1) Selection of spatial units being analyzed; (2) selection of indicators type(s); (3) selection of specific indicators; (4) calculation of indicator set no 1; (5) analysis of the correlation between indicators’ pairs; (6) selection of a final set of indicators; (7) analysis of effectiveness. The latter stage, refers to the statistical analysis of significance between results obtained dependently on the data sources, a spatial unit of analysis and analyzed regions. The results showed that the categorization composed of ten, mainly composite indicators, can be applied to conclude on different levels of LQ of protected areas. The differences between two analyzed data sources, different spatial units, as well as diverse regions, occurred to be statistically insignificant. Generally, the results of the effectiveness analysis showed that a final categorization of LQ indicators is adequate to conclude on the diverse dimensions of LQ of analyzed protected areas.
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Boal-San Miguel, Iván y Luis César Herrero-Prieto. "Reliability of Creative Composite Indicators with Territorial Specification in the EU". Sustainability 12, n.º 8 (11 de abril de 2020): 3070. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12083070.
Resumen
There is wide consensus regarding the capacity of the creative economy as a factor in economic development and sustainability in regions in the medium term, and it is an issue that has aroused interest in measuring the creative potential of areas by estimating composite indicators. Most works posit indicators by countries or cities and normally employ a single aggregation method. This work proposes the construction of a synthetic indicator of creativity with regional disaggregation for a wide sample of European countries, comparing different aggregation methods under the hypothesis of the benefit of the doubt (BoD). We use Eurostat data and also analyse spatial dependence processes. Findings point to an inequality in the regional distribution of creativity in Europe and this reveals creative gap models in areas, suggesting that creativity triggers greater spatial disparities wherever it is found. The principal creative clusters are located in regions in central and northern Europe, particularly in regions with national capitals. The regional distribution of the indicator evidences positive spatial dependence, thereby revealing the existence of spatial externalities that provide feedback for the concentration process and, therefore, a widening of the disparities.
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Chen, Yanguang. "Reconstruction and normalization of LISA for spatial analysis". PLOS ONE 19, n.º 5 (22 de mayo de 2024): e0303456. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0303456.
Resumen
The local indicators of spatial association (LISA) are important measures for spatial autocorrelation analysis. However, there is an inadvertent fault in the mathematical processes of deriving LISA in literature so that the local Moran and Geary indicators do not satisfy the second basic requirement for LISA: the sum of the local indicators is proportional to a global indicator. This paper aims at reconstructing the calculation formulae of the local Moran indexes and Geary coefficients through mathematical derivation and empirical evidence. Two sets of LISAs were clarified by new mathematical reasoning. One set of LISAs is based on non-normalized weights and non-centralized variable (MI1 and GC1), and the other set is based on row normalized weights and standardized variable (MI2 and GC2). The results show that the first set of LISAs satisfy the above-mentioned second requirement, but the second the set cannot. Then, the third set of LISA was proposed and can be treated as canonical forms (MI3 and GC3). This set of LISAs satisfies the second requirement. The observational data of city population and traffic mileage in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region of China were employed to verify the theoretical results. This study helps to clarify the misunderstandings about LISAs in the field of geospatial analysis.
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Liu, Yi, Lulu Chen, Mu Qi y Dezheng Kong. "Construction of a Spatial Equalization Assessment System for Medical Facilities". Buildings 14, n.º 5 (30 de abril de 2024): 1265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14051265.
Resumen
The spatial equalization of medical facilities can alleviate the wastage of medical resources and improve the efficiency of medical services. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out spatially balanced planning and assessment of medical facilities in cities. Existing studies on the balanced planning, design, and evaluation of medical facilities have been conducted from the perspective of hospital buildings in terms of spatial utilization efficiency, service satisfaction, and their physical environment on one hand, and from the perspective of regional planning of medical facilities in terms of spatial accessibility to medical facilities and the suitability of medical facilities to the social environment on the other hand. This study hopes to break down the boundaries of each perspective and effectively integrate the architecture, planning, and social well-being of medical facilities, taking spatial equilibrium as the core, in order to establish a spatial equilibrium system for medical facilities and achieve a spatial equilibrium-based assessment of the current state of medical facilities. First, the factors influencing the spatial equilibrium of hospital buildings with the support of the system and environment of hospital buildings are determined. Second, the indicators of the spatial equilibrium of hospital buildings are extracted through the consideration of influencing factors, and the indicator weights are determined by discussing the degree to which they contribute to the influence of the operation of hospital building spatial equilibrium systems, thus forming a system of equilibrium indicators for hospital buildings. Finally, a spatial equilibrium evaluation model for hospital buildings is established to assess the effects of equilibrium. The results obtained in this study provide insights into the regional planning of medical facilities and the design of hospital buildings.
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Leis, Jutta-Lucia y Stefan Kienberger. "Climate Risk and Vulnerability Assessment of Floods in Austria: Mapping Homogenous Regions, Hotspots and Typologies". Sustainability 12, n.º 16 (11 de agosto de 2020): 6458. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12166458.
Resumen
This research addresses the need for proactive climate risk management (CRM) by developing and applying a spatial climate risk and vulnerability assessment (CRVA) to flooding under consideration of the socio-economic dimension in Austria. Our research builds on a consolidated risk and vulnerability framework targeting both disaster risk reduction (DRR) and climate change adaptation (CCA) while integrating the consolidated risk approach of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Furthermore, our research advances current methodologies by applying a spatially explicit and indicator-based approach, which allows the targeted and place-specific identification of intervention options—independent from the spatial bias of administrative units. The flooding CRVA is based on a comprehensive list of 14 primary indicators and 35 socio-economic sub-indicators. Our results indicate that high levels of socio-economic vulnerability related to flooding are concentrated in the northern and eastern regions of Austria. When integrating a climate hazard proxy, statistically significant risk hotspots (>90% confidence) can be identified in central-northern Austria and towards the east. Furthermore, we established a typology of regions following a spatially enabled clustering approach. Finally, our research provides a successful operationalization of the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5) risk framework in combination with enhanced spatial analysis methods.
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MAMMADOVA ELMIRA AMIL gizi, ELMIRA AMIL gizi. "Model study of the “Heat island” effect on urban areas". Prirodoobustrojstvo, n.º 3 (2022): 91–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.26897/1997-6011-2022-3-91-94.
Resumen
The problem of further development of a statistical model for determining the assessment of the UHI effect (urban heat island) in urban areas containing canyons of various confi gurations is formulated and solved. A generalized total spatial indicator of the UHI effect is proposed. The functional relationship between the indicators of the proposed generalized. Oki model is investigated. The optimal relationship between the indicators of this model is determined, at which the total spatial index of the thermal island reaches an extremum. Based on the results obtained, a recommendation was developed for the optimal choice of indicators of the Oki model, i.e. the height and width of confi gurations of urban zones in the form of canyons.
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Bengtsson, Ingemar y Fredrik Kopsch. "Indicators of candidates for gentrification: a spatial framework". International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 12, n.º 4 (5 de agosto de 2019): 736–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-06-2018-0038.
Resumen
Purpose The purpose of this paper is to establish measurable factors that can be used as early indicators of which neighborhoods are most likely to undergo a process of gentrification in a reasonably near future. Design/methodology/approach Using 1990 data on key demographic variables for 128 neighborhoods in Stockholm, Sweden a model that allows both for testing of spatial clustering and for spatial spillovers between neighborhoods is estimated. It is hypothesized not only that gentrification depends on inter-neighborhood characteristics but also that gentrified neighborhoods will cluster and preferably be located in proximity to existing high income neighborhoods. Findings The findings confirm the stated hypotheses. Among the results, it is shown that neighborhoods that gentrified between 1990 and 2012 were more likely to have been poor in 1990 and located closer to the CBD, they were also more likely to be close to neighborhoods with lower proportions of low income residents. It is also found that gentrified neighborhoods tend to cluster over space. Originality/value Much of the previous literature on gentrification has concerned the actual driving forces behind gentrifying neighborhoods. This paper is more concerned with indicators that can be used to spot neighborhoods that are likely to undergo a gentrification process in the future. Such information can be valuable for real estate developers in the private sector, as it may lead to more successful investments. It may also be useful for city developers at the municipal organization.
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Pecher, Caroline, Erich Tasser, Janette Walde y Ulrike Tappeiner. "Typology of Alpine region using spatial-pattern indicators". Ecological Indicators 24 (enero de 2013): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2012.05.025.
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Facchini, Angelo y Chiara Mocenni. "Recurrence indicators for the identification of spatial patterns". IFAC Proceedings Volumes 45, n.º 16 (julio de 2012): 1737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3182/20120711-3-be-2027.00365.
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Heryanti, Oot Hotimah y Ilham B. Mataburu. "The Movement Patterns of Tourist Destination Floating Market, Lembang, West Bandung Regency". Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 19, n.º 1 (14 de octubre de 2019): 47–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.191.07.
Resumen
This research aims to know the movement patterns of tourist destinationfloating market, Lembang, West Bandung Regency. The method used inthis research is descriptive method with a survey approach. The studylasted from June to July 2019. The indicators are (1) the number oftourist visits each tourist destination, (2) motivation of tourist visits, (3)length of stay, (4) modes of transportation, (5) accessibility to touristdestinations, (6) traveling experience, (7) number of travelingcompanions, (8) tourist attraction. The results showed tourists fromBanten Province tended to only make Multiple Patterns with the type ofChaining Loop and Stopover. The age of 17-30 years dominates the eraof tourists; these tourists do tours with their families as much as 100%.Tourists travel time from the origin area to tourist area is 4 to 5 hours, sotourists further shorten the time of visiting each destination anddestinations visited by more tourists.
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Brito, Patrick Nunes, Tássylla Caroline Ferreira Pereira, Durval Nolasco Neves Neto y Cristina Zanettini Ribeiro. "Spatial distribution of prenatal indicators in the State of Tocantins 2001 to 2015". Revista Brasileira de Saúde Materno Infantil 19, n.º 4 (diciembre de 2019): 1023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-93042019000400016.
Resumen
Abstract Objectives: temporal-spatial analysis of prenatal indicators in the municipalities of the state of Tocantins based on the use of five-year intervals from 2001 to 2015. Methods: the indicators subject to analysis were: average prenatal care (APCPW), proportion of prenatal care in the first trimester (PPCFT) and proportion of pregnant women with vaccine on time (PWVT). Data from the DATASUS platform were used for spatialization of indicators through Thematic Maps, using the QGIS software. Results: indicators of proportion of prenatal care in the first trimester and proportion of pregnant women with vaccine on time showed gradual improvement in their indicators after 15 years of analysis, with values above 75% and 90%, respectively, showing compatibility with the current national scenario. However, APCPW has revealed that no municipality had more than 3 prenatal care visits within 15 years. Conclusions: among the indicators analyzed, the average of prenatal care, although it showed improvement in the 15-year interval, is the one with the greatest deficiency in the state and should therefore have a greater focus on primary care. Thus, it emphasizes the need to encourage the development of organized health systems and the use of specific policy actions to improve not only this indicator, but also the others, to improve prenatal quality.
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Schaduw, Joshian N. W. "EVALUASI PENGELOLAAN EKOSISTEM MANGROVE PADA DAERAH PERLINDUNGAN LAUT DI DESA BLONGKO, KECAMATAN SINONSAYANG KABUPATEN MINAHASA SELATAN PROVINSI SULAWESI UTARA". Jurnal SPATIAL Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 16, n.º 2 (30 de septiembre de 2016): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.162.04.
Resumen
ABSTRACT
Mangrove ecosystem in Blongko village has many functions for coastal area. The aims of this research was to describe potential and the existing condition of mangrove ecosystem and also to give directive policy strategic for conservation mangrove ecosystem in this area. This research used primary and secondary data. Primary data was gathered by field observation and in-depth interview with 100 respondens by questionnary. Secondary data was gathered by unravel various literature and related institution. The development indicators was used to determine the policy strategic of sustainable mangrove ecosystem. Its was threat, factor, and constraint causing degradation mangrove ecosystem. This research got three policy strategy to carry on of sustainable mangrove ecosystem. Its was increase of human resources quality, protection and continuation of mangrove ecosystem, and low and institution reinforcement. This strategy was expected to depress degradation in mangrove ecosystem. Keywords : Coastal Area; Blongko village; Mangrove Ecosystem; Policy Strategy.
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-, Yuni Andriyani Safitri, Pamuti, Risky Nuri Amelia y Ramdani Salam. "Kemampuan Berpikir Kritis Mahasiswa Pendidikan Geografi Pada Implementasi Case Based Learning dalam Mata Kuliah Geomorfologi Dasar". Jurnal Spatial Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 23, n.º 1 (7 de marzo de 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.231.6.
Resumen
Changes in the paradigm of student center-based learning are starting to take place in Indonesian universities. This is stated and emphasized in the main university performance indicators (IKU7), namely collaborative and participatory classes. At the implementation stage, various types of learning models were developed, but explicitly CBL and PjBL were used as the main raw models. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the application of the Case Based Learning (CBL) model on improving students' critical thinking skills. The subjects in this study amounted to 25 people with the type of quantitative research one group pretest and posttest design. The results show that the CBL model is quite effective in improving students' critical thinking skills through calculating the percentage n-gain score of 56.24%. This finding is reinforced by the high positive response of students to the learning model through perception networking through research questionnaires.
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LEV, M. Yu, M. B. MEDVEDEVA, Yu G. LESHCHENKO y E. A. PERESTORONINA. "SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL INDICATORS DETERMINING THE LEVEL OF ENSURING THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF RUSSIA". EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, n.º 1 (2021): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2021.01.02.002.
Resumen
The key mechanism for assessing the risks and threats of the national economy at a qualitative level is the system of economic security indicators. The most important of its sections is the system of financial indicators, which includes groups of indicators that reflect the activities of the state and economic entities in various spheres of the economy. The object of the research is the economic security of Russia. The subject of the research is the system of financial indicators of economic security of Russia. The practical significance of the work is as follows: – the approaches proposed by the authors make it possible to assess the reality of the parameters of a macroeconomic forecast; – the system of financial indicators of economic security makes it possible to monitor the tax, budget, currency and other systems in aggregate, and to highlight those that are at risk; – the system of financial indicators of economic security contributes to the formation of individual of measures of a proactive nature to prevent and minimize crisis processes aimed at eliminating imbalances in the development and effective functioning of the national economic system. The results of the research can be used in the process of monitoring the economic activity of business entities, in the educational process of financial and economic disciplines, by government bodies in the formation of economic policy.
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Dzelebdzic, Omiljena y Dragana Bazik. "National indicators for evaluating the outcome of reinventing spatial planning in Serbia". Spatium, n.º 24 (2011): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/spat1124027d.
Resumen
This paper is a follow-up to a research in the domain of theorizing planning practice and practising spatial planning theoretical approaches in the context of information-isation, globalisation and EU-isation. The theoretical framework contemplates the meaning of the spatial concept that is grounded in the duality of the information phenomenon and contemporary expression of the space notion, as a way of reinventing spatial planning. The operational framework discuses the spatial planning practice in Serbia through a brief explanation of applied methodology for identifying a suitable indicator set proposed for the implementation monitoring of the Spatial Plan of the Republic of Serbia 2010-2020. The national indicators set represents a theoretical model of knowledge for evaluating relational outcomes of spatial development complexity, and its spatial-temporal character represents a way of practising theoretical approaches as monitoring tools for spatial planning within the limits of the present regulatory system in Serbia.
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Brunsdon, Chris. "Exploratory spatial data analysis and local indicators of spatial association with XLISP-STAT". Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series D (The Statistician) 47, n.º 3 (septiembre de 1998): 471–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9884.00148.
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Zhao, Jilong, Xinran Hao y Yang Yang. "Research on Urban Sustainability Indicators Based on Urban Grain: A Case Study in Jinan, China". Sustainability 15, n.º 18 (5 de septiembre de 2023): 13320. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su151813320.
Resumen
As a concept to describe the characteristics of urban spatial forms, urban grain emphasizes the size of urban parcels. Fine grain and coarse grain are considered essential attributes. Fine grain plays a crucial role in promoting the adaptability of urban development, improving urban vitality, and helping achieve sustainable urban development. Current research on urban grain is scattered and difficult to apply to solve practical urban problems. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the spatial indicators that affect the urban grain, to solve urban problems by adjusting spatial indicators. It contains significant suggestions for improving urban design theory and promoting sustainable urban development. This study primarily uses the comparative method to identify spatial indicators influencing urban grain by comparing coarse- and fine-grain study areas. This study screens relevant spatial indicators (building density, road network density, age of housing structures, building façade width along streets, number of entrances and exits along streets, and function mixture) affecting urban grain through a review and measurements, and it visualizes the representation of spatial indicators using the grid method, determining the correlation between spatial indicators and urban grain. The results show that all six indicators have an impact on urban grain.
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Segoni, Samuele y Francesco Caleca. "Definition of Environmental Indicators for a Fast Estimation of Landslide Risk at National Scale". Land 10, n.º 6 (9 de junio de 2021): 621. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10060621.
Resumen
The purpose of this paper is to propose a new set of environmental indicators for the fast estimation of landslide risk over very wide areas. Using Italy (301,340 km2) as a test case, landslide susceptibility maps and soil sealing/land consumption maps were combined to derive a spatially distributed indicator (LRI—landslide risk index), then an aggregation was performed using Italian municipalities as basic spatial units. Two indicators were defined, namely ALR (averaged landslide risk) and TLR (total landslide risk). All data were processed using GIS programs. Conceptually, landslide susceptibility maps account for landslide hazard while soil sealing maps account for the spatial distribution of anthropic elements exposed to risk (including buildings, infrastructure, and services). The indexes quantify how much the two issues overlap, producing a relevant risk and can be used to evaluate how each municipality has been prudent in planning sustainable urban growth to cope with landslide risk. The proposed indexes are indicators that are simple to understand, can be adapted to various contexts and at various scales, and could be periodically updated, with very low effort, making use of the products of ongoing governmental monitoring programs of Italian environment. Of course, the indicators represent an oversimplification of the complexity of landslide risk, but this is the first time that a landslide risk indicator has been defined in Italy at the national scale, starting from landslide susceptibility maps (although Italy is one of the European countries most affected by hydro-geological hazards) and, more in general, the first time that land consumption maps are integrated into a landslide risk assessment.
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Agzistasari, Anggun, Umy Zahroh y Maryono Maryono. "KEMAMPUAN SPASIAL SISWA DITINJAU DARI TAHAPAN BERPIKIR VAN HIELE DI SMP NEGERI 1 BANDUNG TULUNGAGUNG". JP2M (Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Matematika) 9, n.º 2 (14 de septiembre de 2023): 315–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.29100/jp2m.v9i2.4448.
Resumen
The objectives of this study were (1) to describe the spatial abilities of students using the Van Hiele thinking stages, (2) to find out the differences in students' spatial abilities in terms of the Van Hiele thinking stages based on the Van Hiele level groups. The method used is a mixed method type design, sequential explanatory with qualitative research followed by quantitative research first. Qualitative data collection techniques using observation, tests, and interviews with the subject of 6 students. Quantitative data collection technique with a sample obtained of 64 students using a test, by testing the hypothesis using the one way ANOVA test. The results of this study are as follows (1) Students' spatial abilities in terms of the Van Hiele thinking stage level 0 (Visualization) only meet the indicator spatial ability, namely spatial visualization, at the Van Hiele thinking stage level 1 (Analysis) meets the spatial ability indicators, namely spatial visualization and mental rotation. at the Van Hiele thinking stage level level 2 (informal deduction) fulfills all spatial ability indicators, namely spatial visualization, spatial perception and mental rotation, (2) There are differences in students' spatial abilities in terms of Van Hiele thinking stages based on group level 0 (Visualization), level 1 (Analysis), and level 2 (Informal Deduction).
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Iskaliyev, Dinmukhamed Zh. "SPATIAL DIFFERENTIATION OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF KAZAKHSTAN ALONG THE "CENTER-PERIPHERY" AXIS". Географический вестник = Geographical bulletin, n.º 3(62) (2022): 58–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2079-7877-2022-3-58-73.
Resumen
In the context of the reorientation of regional policy in Kazakhstan toward the formation of managed urbanization, it becomes relevant to study asymmetry within the regional space in terms of the interaction of regional centers with their surroundings. The article analyzes the spatial differentiation of the regional socio-economic development of Kazakhstan along the ‘center-periphery’ axis, formed on the basis of the degree of proximity to the regional center of neighborhood zones of different orders. The analysis showed that urbanization and concentration of the population in agglomerations and regional centers manifested themselves in the strengthening of the center-periphery spatial differentiation of socio-demographic indicators. The center-periphery relations are most clearly manifested in the dynamics of the population settlement: decline in population increases with distance from regional centers. To quantify the center-periphery spatial differentiation, median values of indicators and coefficients of variation for per capita values of the main socio-economic indicators by neighborhood zones were used. Among the main economic indicators, there can be observed an increasing contrast in spatial differentiation in per capita values of industrial output. Higher values of the coefficient of variation for this indicator show a trend toward the concentration of industrial production. At the same time, a decrease in the value of the coefficients of variation for the volume of retail trade and commissioning of the total area of residential buildings per capita indicates a tendency to spatial smoothing in the distribution of income
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Rotinsulu, Aldy y Wiwin Sulistyo. "Spatial Autocorrelation in the Spread of SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) Among Villages (Study Case: The City of Tomohon)". IJICS (International Journal of Informatics and Computer Science) 5, n.º 2 (31 de julio de 2021): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.30865/ijics.v5i2.3202.
Resumen
The Covid-19 Task Force has determined indicators of the spread of Covid-19 in Indonesia which include: 1) Epidemiological Indicators; 2) Public Health Surveillance Indicators; 3) Health Service Indicators. This study focuses on Epidemiological Indicators that contains variables of travellers, confirmations suspected, positive confirmations, and confirmed close contacts. In determining the map of the spread of Covid-19, the average value was calculated in 4 variables. The focus of this study will be able to see how far spatially the spread of Covid-19 in a certain area has connectivity with other regions. The Getis-Ord method is a statistical approach that can be used to identify spatial correlations based on variables that have been determined in each region with others. Therefore, in this study, spatial autocorrelation analysis was carried out among villages in Tomohon City according to epidemiological indicators using the Getis-Ord method
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Fan, Jingfeng, Hongxia Ming, Lili Li y Jie Su. "Evaluating spatial-temporal variations and correlation between fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in marine bathing beaches". Journal of Water and Health 13, n.º 4 (1 de junio de 2015): 1029–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wh.2015.031.
Resumen
The horizontal distribution and temporal variation of bacterial indicators (total coliforms (TC), fecal coliforms (FC), enterococcus (EC) and Escherichia coli (E. coli)) were investigated to identify the proper bacterial indicators for a marine bathing beach in China. Two different sampling efforts were conducted during dry weather and two large rain events at Xinghai Bathing Beach in Dalian, China. Samples were collected from three different water depths and analyzed for the four indicator bacteria. The results indicated that all four bacterial indicators exceeded the single sample standards at different levels. Specifically, the water quality exceeded the standard for TC, FC, EC and E. coli in 7%, 28%, 38% and 10% of the samples, respectively. Comparison of the rate of the indicators before and after rainfall revealed a significant increasing post-rainfall. The concentrations of bacteria differed significantly with distance from the shoreline, with knee-depth near the shore exceeding the standard most frequently. This was primarily due to contamination by excessive sewage discharge and rainfall. Based upon the concentration of indicators and exceedance rates, as well as the correlation between indicators, both EC and FC should be evaluated at the same time as fecal pollution bacterial indicators in marine bathing beaches in China.
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Zhou, Xiaowen, Hongwei Li, Huili Zhang, Rongrong Zhang y Huan Li. "A Study on the Cognition of Urban Spatial Image at Community Scale: A Case Study of Jinghu Community in Zhengzhou City". Land 11, n.º 10 (25 de septiembre de 2022): 1654. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11101654.
Resumen
The community is the basic spatial unit for urban residents to live and rest. It is a crucial direction of city image research to explore people’s cognitive characteristics of community space image. Aiming at the lack of cognitive quantification of community spatial images, a new method that can quantify community spatial data into cognitive results is proposed. By employing spatial analysis tools, eleven spatial indicators from the perspective of community spatial form and spatial services are selected, and an image structure is constructed based on the characteristics of the indicator results. The results of multiple indicators are organized through the improved technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) and overlay analysis method to produce a spatial image map of the community. The study displays that the spatial image characteristics of the community scale can be comprehensively expressed through three types of elements: district, path (edge), and node (landmark). These three types of elements constitute the image structure at the community scale and present apparent elements’ characteristics. This scrutiny is also aimed to demonstrate the construction and use process of the methodology and to provide new ideas for the cognitive research of urban spatial image at the community scale.
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Talen, E. y L. Anselin. "Assessing Spatial Equity: An Evaluation of Measures of Accessibility to Public Playgrounds". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 30, n.º 4 (abril de 1998): 595–613. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a300595.
Resumen
Geographical and political research on urban service delivery—who benefits and why—has proliferated during the past two decades. Overall, this literature is not characterized by a particular attention to the importance of method in drawing conclusions about spatial equity based on empirical studies. Specifically, there has been scant interest in the effect of geographic methodology on assessing the relationship between access and socioeconomic characteristics that are spatially defined. In this paper we take a spatial analytical perspective to evaluate the importance of methodology in assessing whether or not, or to what degree the distribution of urban public services is equitable. We approach this issue by means of an empirical case study of the spatial distribution of playgrounds in Tulsa, Oklahoma, relative to that of the targeted constituencies (children) and other socioeconomic indicators. In addition to the ‘traditional’ measure (count of facilities in an areal unit), we consider a potential measure (based on the gravity model), average travel distance, and distance to the nearest playground as indicators of accessibility. We find significant differences between the spatial patterns in these measures that are suggested by local indicators of spatial association and other techniques of exploratory spatial data analysis. The choice of access measure not only implies a particular treatment of spatial externalities but also affects conclusions about the existence of spatial mismatch and inequity.
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Yu, Jiao, Jianxin Yang, Jiangfeng Li, Ling Lin y Yingjian Ren. "The Role of Tourism in Promoting the Urbanization of Ethnic Border Areas: A Case Study of Xishuangbanna". Sustainability 15, n.º 20 (21 de octubre de 2023): 15119. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152015119.
Resumen
Taking Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture, a typical ethnic border area with rapid tourism development, as an example, this study uses a coupling coordination degree model to quantitatively analyze tourism and urbanization, two subsystems in Xishuangbanna, and measure the level of coordinated development between tourism and urbanization in Xishuangbanna. This study provides a theoretical basis for building famous tourist cities and for improving the urbanization efficiency and level in areas such as Xishuangbanna with abundant tourism resources but insufficient urbanization. The following results were obtained: (1) Xishuangbanna’s tourism plays a strong role in promoting urbanization, and its tourism urbanization response coefficient, tourism industry location entropy, and tourism urbanization level indicator all show clear upward trends; tourism has become a local advantage industry and has a significant positive correlation with urbanization. (2) In the evaluation system for tourism urbanization quality, the weights are ranked in the order of social indicators > economic indicators > population indicators > spatial indicators > eco-environmental indicators; over time, social indicators and economic indicators show clear fluctuating upward trends, population indicators fluctuate greatly, and spatial indicators and eco-environmental indicators fluctuate little. (3) The top five indicators influencing tourism urbanization are the number of the incoming individuals, the number of travel agencies, the number of corporate enterprises in the catering industry, the forest coverage rate, and the number of ethnic minority villages. (4) In the evaluation of the coupling coordination degree, the comprehensive evaluation indicator is low, resulting in an overall low coupling coordination degree of tourism urbanization quality in Xishuangbanna, and three types of coupling coordinated development (i.e., severe, moderate, and mild imbalances) are observed.
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Shkuratov, Oleksii, Viktoriia Chudovska, Tetyana Kushniruk, Iryna Sotnikova y Dmytro Sotnikov. "Methodology of the environmental efficiency assessment of spatial organization of rural areas". E3S Web of Conferences 255 (2021): 01005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125501005.
Resumen
The article features and substantiates the methodology of the environmental efficiency assessment of the spatial organization of rural areas. This methodology is based on a comprehensive analysis of key indicators to take reasoned decisions on land use arrangement and organization of agrolandscapes. At the same time, the research found that it is impossible to achieve sustainable land use without a comprehensive understanding of the situation on the spatial structure of territories, therefore, the initial stage of the model implementation is to analyze the current state and level of the research object. The methodology provides for taking into account the integral indicator of the spatial organization of rural areas, which is defined as the sum of normalized values of indicators (relative to their optimal level), with reference to the corresponding weighing coefficients. The advantage of the proposed approach is that it can determine the level of efficiency of optimization of the spatial structure of rural areas in the context of the region, which ensures the relative comparability of the calculated environmental indicators. Testing of the proposed assessment methodology on the example of Lviv region of Ukraine has proven its practical ability to optimize management decisions.
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Bintoro, Henry Suryo, Yohanes Leonardus Sukestiyarno, Mulyono Mulyono y Walid Walid. "The spatial thinking process of the field-dependent students in reconstructing the geometrical concept". International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 11, n.º 3 (1 de septiembre de 2022): 1116. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v11i3.22399.
Resumen
<p><span lang="EN-US">Reconstructing geometrical concepts requires a spatial thinking process, so the spatial thinking process will be correct and complete. The phenomena of cognitive style differences cause different perceptions and thinking activities to solve geometric problems. This qualitative-explorative research describes the spatial thinking process of students with field-dependent cognitive styles in reconstructing the concept of spatial geometry based on the theory of Action-Process-Object-Schema (APOS). The research subjects were 27 students and obtained five students with field-dependent cognitive styles. The researchers used a purposive sampling technique from the subjects with a certain consideration. The researchers selected a student that met the three elements of spatial thinking and the five indicators of spatial ability. This research collected the data with interviews, documentation, and group embedded figure test (GEFT). The analyzing techniques used data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and concluding. The spatial thinking process of the field-dependent students had a spatial category with three indications: i) Inaccuracy in the elements of representational thinking; ii) The inaccuracy of spatial perception indicators; and iii) Not using de-encapsulation mental mechanisms.</span></p>