Bibliografías temáticas / Spatial

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Spatial"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junio de 2021
Última modificación: 7 de julio de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Spatial"

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Navarette, Pierre-Antoine. "Parcours phéno-génératif et sémiotique de l’espace dans Le Mont Damion d’André Dhôtel : vers une spaciose du sens". Recherches sémiotiques 35, n.º 1 (20 de agosto de 2018): 103–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050989ar.

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La thèse que nous soutenons dans cet article défend l’idée selon laquelle il existe, dans une perspectivephéno-générative, unschème spatial directionnelau sein du romanLe Mont Damionpar André Dhôtel (1964). Il s’agit d’unestructure d’ensemble élémentairequi oriente, dans un procès de signification spatial complexe, uneaxiologisationdes dispositifs spatiaux et qui se décline enconfigurations spatiales directionnellesplus élaborées, configurations axées sur lacatégorie[route]. Nous avons réalisé cette étude ensémiotique de l’espace post-greimassienneen partant d’unesémantique textuelle– inspirée des travaux de François Rastier – appliquée à l’oeuvre dhôtelienne. Le phénomène sémiotique majeur mis ainsi en exergue a été nomméspaciose du sens, ousémiose spatiale, pour reprendre des termes proposés par Jacques Fontanille.
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de Syon, Guillaume. "Une fusée en plastique". Sociétés & Représentations N° 57, n.º 1 (23 de abril de 2024): 155–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sr.057.0155.

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Cet article propose de discuter d’une représentation spécifique de l’aventure spatiale sous la forme de modèles réduits devenus populaires dans les années 1950 et qui a continué d’attirer un certain public jusqu’à nos jours, comme en témoigne la vente de répliques en ligne dans divers matériaux, et la collection enthousiaste d’itérations antérieures de tels modèles. Ce faisant, il cherche à montrer comment le public a favorablement accueilli une familiarisation avec le potentiel des voyages spatiaux, mais en est également venu à confondre les réalités potentielles avec les fantasmes associés de la science-fiction qui capitalisaient également sur le modélisme. Ainsi, des modèles spatiaux de toutes sortes, qu’ils soient réalistes ou fantastiques, en sont venus à susciter l’intérêt pour les voyages planétaires ou même à maintenir l’espoir d’une telle entreprise lorsque les activités spatiales connaissaient une accalmie. Le défi de la compréhension de ces activités spatiales résidait dans le mélange des faits scientifiques et de la science-fiction : la fascination pour les fusées réelles a entraîné une demande des consommateurs pour des modèles à plus grande échelle (tels que les modèles du véhicule lunaire Saturn V) capables de coexister avec des modèles de science-fiction de vaisseau spatial (comme le vaisseau spatial Enterprise) qui n’existait pas. Les maquettes en sont ainsi venues à représenter un matérialisme élémentaire qui a aidé les jeunes (et moins jeunes) générations à comprendre certains concepts du voyage spatial. Ce faisant, ils offraient un degré de plausibilité qui dépassait les réalités actuelles du voyage spatial, mais pas son potentiel.
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Osborn, Wendy. "Unbounded Spatial Data Stream Query Processing using Spatial Semijoins". Journal of Ubiquitous Systems and Pervasive Networks 15, n.º 02 (1 de marzo de 2021): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/juspn.15.02.005.

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In this paper, the problem of query processing in spatial data streams is explored, with a focus on the spatial join operation. Although the spatial join has been utilized in many proposed centralized and distributed query processing strategies, for its application to spatial data streams the spatial join operation has received very little attention. One identified limitation with existing strategies is that a bounded region of space (i.e., spatial extent) from which the spatial objects are generated needs to be known in advance. However, this information may not be available. Therefore, two strategies for spatial data stream join processing are proposed where the spatial extent of the spatial object stream is not required to be known in advance. Both strategies estimate the common region that is shared by two or more spatial data streams in order to process the spatial join. An evaluation of both strategies includes a comparison with a recently proposed approach in which the spatial extent of the data set is known. Experimental results show that one of the strategies performs very well at estimating the common region of space using only incoming objects on the spatial data streams. Other limitations of this work are also identified.
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Xin He, Xin He, Jian Zhou Jian Zhou, Xiaoming Nie Xiaoming Nie y Xingwu Long Xingwu Long. "Filtering characteristics of spatial filter for spatial filtering velocimeter". Chinese Optics Letters 13, n.º 6 (2015): 060702–60705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/col201513.060702.

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Lee. "A study on the Spatial Sampling Method to Minimize Spatial Autocorrelation of Spatial and Geographical Data". Journal of the Korean Society of Civil Engineers 34, n.º 4 (2014): 1317. http://dx.doi.org/10.12652/ksce.2014.34.4.1317.

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Anselin, Luc. "Spatial Externalities, Spatial Multipliers, And Spatial Econometrics". International Regional Science Review 26, n.º 2 (abril de 2003): 153–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0160017602250972.

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Ivanov, Sabin. "SPATIAL DATA MODELS". Journal Scientific and Applied Research 20, n.º 1 (1 de diciembre de 2020): 40–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.46687/jsar.v20i1.303.

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Spatial data represents the shape, location, and spatial relationships of geographic features to other features. The form represents the geometry of the objects, the location is described by a list of x, y coordinates of discrete points of the objects, and the spatial connections (topological information) of the geographical objects determine the interaction between them. Spatial (coordinate) information can also include time-related data.
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Ghirardi, Raymond y Isabelle Sourbès-Verger. "De la base spatiale au port spatial". La Géographie N° 1584, n.º 1 (1 de enero de 2022): 18–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/geo.1584.0018.

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Lamy, Jérôme. "Sous l’utopie, la critique". Sociétés & Représentations N° 57, n.º 1 (23 de abril de 2024): 217–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/sr.057.0217.

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Le groupe artistique d’intervention publique l’Association des astronautes autonomes (l’AAA), s’est, dans les années 1990, proposée d’élaborer une critique des activités spatiales. Par ses manifestations collectives, le groupe dénonçait l’oppression, l’individualisme, la misère et le désenchantement qui sous-tendent le secteur du spatial. L’AAA mobilise toute une gamme d’actions. Les performances et les happenings ont visé un réenchantement de l’exploration spatiale. Les pastiches dénoncent les cadres oppressifs des expériences spatiales. La production théâtralisée du conflit à propos du spatial pointe davantage la polarisation des opinions. In fine , la critique artiste marque ici un écart entre un discours radical contre les activités spatiales et une production esthétique plus pondérée.
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Salsabilla, Annisa, Eko Tri Rahardjo y Ode Sofyan Hardi. "PERBEDAAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN GEOGRAFI: PROJECT BASED LEARNING DENGAN PROBLEM BASED LEARNING TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR SISWA DALAM KURIKULUM 2013 DI SMAN 112 JAKARTA BARAT". SPATIAL: Jurnal Wahana Komunikasi dan Informasi Geografi 12, n.º 2 (30 de septiembre de 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spatial.122.01.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Spatial"

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Trinh, Thanh-Hai. "A constraint-based approach to modelling spatial semantics of vitual environments". Phd thesis, Université de Bretagne occidentale - Brest, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00817685.

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Within Virtual Reality Environments (VREs), spatial relationships among objects convey fundamental knowledge about the environment, namely direction ("left", "right", "front of"), distance ("near", "far"), topology ("inside", "disjoint"), and projection ("between", "surrounded by"). Modelling spatial relationships is critical in a variety of applications of VREs, such as human learning environments, virtual museums, or navigation-aids systems. However, spatial relationships have been considered as abstract information and thus, difficult to specify. Addressing this issue, this thesis proposes an approach to model spatial relationships among virtual objects in VREs. First, we formalise a formal model of spatial relationships dedicated to VREs. Second, we provide a language and a framework to specify spatial relationships at a conceptual level. Finally, we apply our model to specify spatial relations in two real applications: Virtual Physics Laboratory -- a VRE for learning physics, and BrestCoz -- an application for visiting Brest harbour in the 18th century. We claim that the proposed language is a relevant basis to specify spatial constraints related to activities of agents and users within VREs.
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Richez, Aurélien. "Perception spatiale et compétences motrice : approche développement et neuropsychologique". Thesis, Lille 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL30054/document.

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Les théories qui modélisent la perception spatiale chez l'adulte s'accordent à postuler l'existence de liens forts entre la perception et l'action(James, 1892 ; Poincaré, 1902 ; Gibson, 1979 ; Noe, 2004). Une vaste collection de données montre également que ces liens sont présents dans le développement ontogénétique. Ce travail de thèse vise à examiner les implications de tels liens dans le développement de la perception spatiale et d'en identifier les déterminants chez l'enfant. Nous avons mené une série d'expériences, basée sur l'utilisation des paradigmes d'atteignabilité et d'amorçage visuomoteur, autour de la problématique de l'élaboration et l'utilisation des représentations perceptives et sensorimotrices dans la perception spatiale. Nous avons mené ces expériences chez une population d'adultes et d'enfants âgées de 7 à 13 ans avec l'objectif d'évaluer la trajectoire développementale de la perception spatiale. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence des discontinuités dans les trajectoires développementales des différentes tâches proposées. Nous avons mis en évidence les marqueurs de ces changements développementaux dans les performances des tâches d'atteignabilité, d'imagerie motrice et également d'amorçage visuomoteur. Nous interprétons ces résultats comme relevant d'un changement qualitatif de la perception spatiale durant cette période. D'une manière générale, les travaux présentés dans cette thèse apportent des données nouvelles sur le développement de la perception spatiale chez l'enfant, et sont mis en relation avec la littérature en psychologie et en neurosciences du développement
Spatial perception and motor skills : a developmental approach
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Bettini, William. "Solutions innovantes pour des structures spatiales déployables". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS038/document.

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Les structures destinées aux applications aérospatiales se doivent d’être légères, rigides et compactes afin de pouvoir être stockées dans la coiffe d’un lanceur. Une solution permettant de déployer automatiquement une ossature rigide à l’aide d’énergie élastique stockée dans des liaisons souples est proposée. La solution retenue, constituant une structure annulaire polygonale, peut être utilisée dans différents types d’applications spatiales, que ce soit pour des voiles solaires, de désorbitation ou des antennes satellite. Elle a fait l’objet d’études géométriques afin d’en optimiser la compacité et la masse. La cinématique et la dynamique du déploiement ont aussi été étudiées et modélisées, à la fois analytiquement et numériquement. L’analyse de la rigidité de la structure en position gerbée (pliée dans la coiffe du lanceur) et en configuration opérationnelle est traitée et confrontée aux expérimentations vibratoires d’un prototype. L’adjonction d’un réseau tridimensionnel permettant de tendre une membrane réflectrice pour des applications de type « antenne »sera proposée, ainsi qu’un dispositif de verrouillage en phase opérationnelle
The structures intended for the aerospace applications have to be lightweight, stiff and compact to be able to be stored in the fairing of a launcher. A solution is allowing to deploy automatically a stiff skeleton by means of elastic energy stored in flexible connections. The reserved solution, establishing an annular polygonal structure, can be used in various types of space applications, whether it is for solar, deorbiting or satellite antennas. It made the object of geometrical studies to optimize the compactness and the mass. The kinematics and the dynamics of the deployment were also studied and modelled, at the same time analytically and numerically. The analysis of the rigidity of the structure in folded position (folded in the fairing) and in operational configuration is handled and confronted with the vibratory experiments of a prototype. The addition of a three-dimensional network allowing to tighten a reflector membrane for applications of type "antenna" will be proposed, as well as a locking device in operational phase
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4

Cerf, Max. "Optimisation de trajectoires spatiales : vol d’un dernier étage de lanceur, nettoyage des débris spatiaux". Paris 6, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA066367.

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Le travail porte sur deux problèmes d’optimisation de trajectoires spatiales: le vol d’un dernier étage de lanceur, et le nettoyage des débris spatiaux. L'objectif est de développer pour ces deux problèmes des méthodes de résolution et des logiciels utilisables dans un contexte industriel. Vol d’un dernier étage de lanceur. Pour la résolution du vol d’un dernier étage de lanceur, deux approches différentes par continuation sont envisagées à partir de simplifications des modèles. La première approche consiste à résoudre le problème en Terre plate, avec un champ de gravité uniforme, puis à revenir au problème en Terre ronde par une double continuation sur la gravité et sur la courbure de la Terre. La deuxième approche consiste à résoudre le problème impulsionnel, correspondant à un niveau de poussée infini, puis à revenir au problème en poussée continue par une continuation sur le niveau de poussée. L'objectif est de définir un processus de résolution le plus automatique possible, applicable pour différent jeux de données du problème réel : caractéristiques du lanceur, orbite à atteindre. Nettoyage des débris spatiaux. La sélection des débris et de l'ordre de visite est un problème de type plus court chemin dans un graphe à coûts dépendant du temps. Une stratégie type permet de ramener le problème de contrôle optimal à un problème d’optimisation continue en dimension finie, dont la résolution peut être couplée au problème de chemin. Une linéarisation locale permet ensuite de mettre en œuvre des algorithmes de séparation-évaluation. En itérant le processus de linéarisation – résolution à partir d’une solution initiale, on pourra converger vers la solution du problème
The work addresses two space trajectories optimization problems : the flight of a launcher upper stage and the collecting of space debris. For these two problems the goal is to develop resolution methods and softwares usable in an industrial framework. Flight of a launcher upper stage. For the problem of a launcher upper stage flight, two continuation approaches are envisioned from models simplifications. The first approach consists in solving the flat Earth problem with uniform gravity, then to come back to the round Earth problem through a double continuation on the gravity and on the earth curvature. The second approach consists in solving the impulsive problem, corresponding to an infinite thrust level, then to come back to the continuous thrust problem through a continuation on the thrust level. The goal is to define a solving procedure as automatic as possible for various instances of the real problem : launcher configuration, targeted orbit. Space debris collecting. The selection of the debris and the visiting order is a shortest path problem in a time-dependent valuated graph. A generic strategy reduces the optimal control problem to a nonlinear programming problem of finite dimension, which can be coupled to the path problem. A local linearization around an initial solution allows to set up a Branch and Bound algorithm. The reference solution is then updated with the linearized solution. Iterating on the linearization-resolution process from the pre-optimized initialization allows converging to the solution of the global problem
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Kim, Young Ook. "Spatial configuration, spatial cognition and spatial behaviour : the role of architectural intelligibility in shaping spatial experience". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317973/.

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This thesis investigates the role of spatial configuration in shaping resident's experience of their neighbourhood. Studies to date have found that spatial configuration affects spatial behaviour and movement patterns (e.g., Hillier et al, 1993), however there has been little investigation of the cognitive processes that might underlie this relationship. Other research into cognition of the urban environment suggests that local spatial factors may play a role in cognitive processes (e.g., Hart & Moor, 1973), however these studies have not addressed global spatial configuration in quantitative terms. No studies to date have sought to integrate cognitive, behavioural and configurational factors within a single framework. Using Hillier's (1996) definition of intelligibility as the relationship between local and global configurational factors, this thesis investigates the relationship between resident's cognition, observed patterns of movement and the spatial configuration of an area. Two adjacent areas in Hampstead Garden Suburb in North London were investigated in detail. One area is relatively intelligible, the other less so. Structured interview surveys were carried out with local residents to elicit aspects of their cognition of the local area and detailed observations were made of movement patterns in the two neighbourhoods. Analysis of the spatial characteristics of the two areas using 'space syntax' methods provided a common basis for analyses of these data. The findings confirm that spatial configuration, spatial cognition and space use patterns are all related to one another. The main finding is that the degree of intelligibility of the area is the most significant intervening variable in relations between the three variables. The more intelligible area showed more powerful correlations between spatial configuration and patterns of movement, as well as giving rise to perceptions of greater legibility and increased neighbourhood size by local residents. Strong correlations were also identified between residents' cognitive maps and observed patterns of movement in the area. The correlations were again found to be stronger in the intelligible area than the unintelligible area. These findings suggest that spatial configuration may play an important role in determining people's daily spatial experience by increasing or reducing their sense of autonomy. By reducing the ability to predict either one's precise location within his/her global context, or the likely behaviour of others in space, unintelligible urban configurations may result in perceptions of a lesser sense of personal control over one's own actions in the environment. The thesis concludes that 'architectural intelligibility' may be a basic aspect in achieving human spatial needs.
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Kang, Dongwoo. "Essays on Spatial Externality and Spatial Heterogeneity in Applied Spatial Econometrics". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560840.

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This dissertation consists of three empirical essays of which contributions consist, first, in developing spatial weight matrices based on more than just pure geographical proximity for the modeling of interregional externalities. Second, my essays propose different approaches to discover spatial heterogeneity in the data generating processes, including the interregional externalities, under investigation. This dissertation provides Economic Geographers and Regional Scientists interested in the modeling and measurement of spatial externalities a set of practical examples based on new datasets and state-of-the-art spatial econometric techniques to consider for their own work. I hope my dissertation will provide them with some guidance on how various aspects of spatial externalities can be incorporated in traditional spatial weight matrices and of how much the impact of externalities can be spatially heterogeneous. The results of the dissertation should help spatial and regional policy makers to understand better various aspects of interregional dependence in regional economic systems and to devise locally effective and place-tailored spatial and regional policies. The first essay investigates the negative spatial externalities of irrigation on corn production. The spatial externalities of irrigation water are well known but have never been examined in a spatial econometric framework so far. We investigate their role in a theoretical model of profit-maximizing farming and verify our predictions empirically in a crop production function measured across US Corn Belt counties. The interregional groundwater and surface water externalities are modeled based on actual aquifer and river stream network characteristics. The second essay examines the positive spatial externalities of academic and private R&D spending in the frame of a regional knowledge production function measured across US counties. It distinguishes the role of local knowledge spillovers that are determined by geographical proximity from distant spillovers that we choose to capture through a matrix of patent creation-citation flows. The advantage of the latter matrix is its capacity to capture the technological proximity between counties as well as the direction of knowledge spillovers. These two elements have been missed in the literature so far. The last essay highlights and measures the presence of spatial heterogeneity in the marginal effect of the innovation inputs, more especially of the interregional knowledge spillovers. The literature of knowledge production function has adopted geographically aggregated units and controlled for region-specific conditions to highlight the presence of spatial heterogeneity in regional knowledge creation. However, most empirical studies have relied on a global modeling approach that measures spatially homogenous marginal effects of knowledge inputs. This essay explains the source of the heterogeneity in innovation and then measures the spatial heterogeneity in the marginal effects of knowledge spillovers as well as of other knowledge input factors across US counties. For this purpose, the nonparametric local modeling approaches of Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) and Mixed GWR are used.
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Gehman, Andrew J. "The Effects of Spatial Aggregation on Spatial Time Series Modeling and Forecasting". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/382669.

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Statistics
Ph.D.
Spatio-temporal data analysis involves modeling a variable observed at different locations over time. A key component of space-time modeling is determining the spatial scale of the data. This dissertation addresses the following three questions: 1) How does spatial aggregation impact the properties of the variable and its model? 2) What spatial scale of the data produces more accurate forecasts of the aggregate variable? 3) What properties lead to the smallest information loss due to spatial aggregation? Answers to these questions involve a thorough examination of two common space-time models: the STARMA and GSTARMA models. These results are helpful to researchers seeking to understand the impact of spatial aggregation on temporal and spatial correlation as well as to modelers interested in determining a spatial scale for the data. Two data examples are included to illustrate the findings, and they concern states' annual labor force totals and monthly burglary counts for police districts in the city of Philadelphia.
Temple University--Theses
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Yue, Yu. "Spatially adaptive priors for regression and spatial modeling". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6059.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on August 3, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Philip, Jean. "La pseudonégligence peut-elle rendre compte des asymétries de la perception de l'espace latéral en modalité tactilo-kinésthésique ?" Grenoble 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995GRE29020.

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La pseudonegligence observee chez les normaux (bowers et heilman, 1980) consiste a repondre a gauche du centre objectif quand on demande de partager des lignes horizontales par le milieu. Certains l'expliquent par la nature spatiale de la tache qui, en activant l'hemisphere d, entrainerait un "surdimensionnement" de la partie g du stimulus. Mais son instabilite souligne aussi la puissance du biais d'orientation vers la d. D'autres pensent que le sens de l'exploration determine celui des deviations, ou invoquent un amorcage de l'attention du cote ou debute l'exploration. Nous avons teste l'hypothese de l'existence dans cette tache de composantes sensorielle et motrice s'exercant en sens inverse. Nos resultats ne confirment pas la pseudonegligence et ne montrent pas de difference entre les sujets aveugles et voyants. Chaque main devie dans l'hemiespace controlateral. D'autre part, si on impose toujours le meme sens d'exploration, les deviations suivent ce sens. Mais, lorsqu'on amorce lateralement l'attention avant l'exploration, les erreurs sont attirees du cote de l'amorcage. La discussion porte sur la theorie d'activation hemispherique et sur l'hypothese d'un decalage du referentiel egocentre
Bowers and heilman (1980) observed that when righthanded adults were asked to locate, in the hapic modality, the midpoint of a horizontal line, both hands tended to deviate to the left of the true midpoint. This error, called "pseudoneglect" by reference to the rightward error of patients suffering from right posterior brain lesions, was also observed in vision and has been explained by hemispheric activation theories. Because bisection is spatial in nature, it would activate the right hemisphere and would therefore induce a left lateral shift of attention. In our research on bisection in the haptic modality of normal blindfolded and totally blind adults, we first replicated bowers and heilman's results (sampaio & philip, 1991). But further studies failed to confirm the existence of pseudoneglect. Actually, each hand tended to deviate in the contralateral space. In addition, when the direction of exploration of the line to be bisected was constrained (from left-to-right only, or from right-to-left), the responses were deviated in the direction of the arm movement. Finally, attentional priming of one end of the stimulus tended to deviate the subjective midpoint in the direction of the lateral cue. These results are discussed in relation to hemispheric activation theories and to the hypothesis assuming changes in the egocentric reference frame
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Zaamoune, Mehdi. "Intégration et optimisation des grilles régulières de points dans une architecture SOLAP relationnelle". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22538/document.

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Les champs continus sont des types de représentations spatiales utilisées pour modéliser des phénomènes tels que la température, la pollution ou l’altitude. Ils sont définis selon une fonction de mapping f qui affecte une valeur du phénomène étudié à chaque localisation p du domaine d’étude. Par ailleurs, la représentation des champs continus à différentes échelles ou résolutions est souvent essentielle pour une analyse spatiale efficace. L’avantage des champs continus réside dans le niveau de détails généré par la continuité, ainsi que la qualité de l’analyse spatiale fournie par la multi-résolution. L’inconvénient de ce type de représentations dans l’analyse spatio-multidimensionnelle est le coût des performances d’analyse et de stockage. Par ailleurs, les entrepôts de données spatiaux et les systèmes OLAP spatiaux (EDS et SOLAP) sont des systèmes d’aide à la décision qui permettent l’analyse spatio-multidimensionnelle de grands volumes de données spatiales et non spatiales. L’analyse des champs continus dans l’architecture SOLAP représente un défi de recherche intéressant. Différents travaux se sont intéressés à l’intégration de ce type de représentations dans le système SOLAP. Cependant, celle-ci est toujours au stade embryonnaire. Cette thèse s’intéresse à l’intégration des champs continus incomplets représentés par une grille régulière de points dans l’analyse spatio-multidimensionnelle. Cette intégration dans le système SOLAP implique que l’analyse des champs continus doit supporter : (i) les opérateurs OLAP classiques, (ii) la vue continue des données spatiales, (iii) les opérateurs spatiaux (slice spatial) et (iv) l’interrogation des données à différentes résolutions prédéfinies. Dans cette thèse nous proposons différentes approches pour l’analyse des champs continus dans le SOLAP à différents niveaux de l’architecture relationnelle, de la modélisation conceptuelle à l’optimisation des performances de calcul. Nous proposons un modèle logique FISS qui permet d’optimiser les performances d’analyse à multi-résolution en se basant sur des méthodes d’interpolation. Puis, nous exposons une méthodologie basée sur la méthode d’échantillonnage du Clustering, qui permet d’optimiser les opérations d’agrégation des grilles régulières de points dans l’architecture SOLAP relationnelle en effectuant une estimation des résultats
Continuous fields are types of spatial representations used to model phenomena such as temperature, pollution or altitude. They are defined according to a mapping function f that assigns a value of the studied phenomenon to each p location of the studied area. Moreover, the representation of continuous fields at different scales or resolutions is often essential for effective spatial analysis. The advantage of continuous fields is the level of details generated by the continuity of the spatial data, and the quality of the spatial analysis provided by the multi-resolution. The downside of this type of spatial representations in the multidimensionnal analysis is the high cost of analysis and storage performances. Moreover, spatial data warehouses and spatial OLAP systems (EDS and SOLAP) are decision support systems that enable multidimensional spatial analysis of large volumes of spatial and non-spatial data. The analysis of continuous fields in SOLAP architecture represents an interesting research challenge. Various studies have focused on the integration of such representations in SOLAP system. However, this integration still at an early stage. Thus, this thesis focuses on the integration of incomplete continuous fields represented by a regular grid of points in the spatio-multidimensional analysis. This integration in the SOLAP system involves that the analysis of continuous fields must support:(i) conventional OLAP operators, (ii) Continuous spatial data, (iii) spatial operators (spatial slice), and (iv) querying data at different predefined levels of resolutions. In this thesis we propose differents approaches for the analysis of continuous fields in SOLAP system at different levels of the relational architecture (from the conceptual modeling to the optimization of computing performance). We propose a logical model FISS to optimize the performances of the multi-resolution analysis, based on interpolation methods. Then, we present a new methodology based on the Clustering sampling method, to optimize aggregation operations on regular grids of points in the relational SOLAP architecture
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Libros sobre el tema "Spatial"

1

Uhlig, Thomas. Wie Columbus fliegen lernte: Einblicke in eine einzigartige Weltraummission. München: Hanser, 2010.

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Griffith, Daniel A. Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Filtering. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24806-4.

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Sherman, Michael. Spatial Statistics and Spatio-Temporal Data. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470974391.

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Marty, Daniel. L' astronautique et les techniques spatiales. Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 1996.

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Roddick, John F. y Kathleen Hornsby, eds. Temporal, Spatial, and Spatio-Temporal Data Mining. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-45244-3.

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Griffith, Daniel A. y Jean H. Paul Paelinck. Non-standard Spatial Statistics and Spatial Econometrics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-16043-1.

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Ripley, Brian D. Spatial statistics. Hoboken, N.J: Wiley-Interscience, 2004.

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Spatial autocorrelation. Newbury Park, Calif: Sage Publications, 1988.

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Stock, Markus y Nicola Vöhringer, eds. Spatial Practices. Göttingen: V&R Unipress, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.14220/9783737000017.

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Döring, Jörg y Tristan Thielmann, eds. Spatial Turn. Bielefeld: transcript Verlag, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.14361/9783839406830.

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Capítulos de libros sobre el tema "Spatial"

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Di, Liping y Eugene G. Yu. "Spatial Search". En Urban Informatics, 683–99. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8983-6_37.

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AbstractUrban studies concern the evolution of spatial structure in cities, where information is often tied to location. The discovery of information is in a high-dimensional space based on spatial and temporal dimensions, where the spatial relationships of components play roles in studying urban evolution. Spatial search in urban studies has to deal with diverse aspects of data structures (structured versus unstructured), data spatial context (implicit versus explicit), data spatial relationships (containment versus intersection), data volume (large volume versus large variety), spatial search speed (speed against different requirements), and spatial search accuracy (exactness versus relevance). This chapter reviews the technology in mining and extracting spatial information into urban geographic information systems, spatially indexing the urban information for effective spatially aware search, spatial relationships and their search algorithms, improving spatial relevance with different spatial similarity measures and algorithms, and open standards and interoperability in spatial search in the Web environment. Emerging technologies for spatial search in urban studies are also reviewed. Applications of spatial search in urban studies are exemplified and evaluated.
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Shekhar, Shashi y Hui Xiong. "Spatial". En Encyclopedia of GIS, 1072. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-35973-1_1236.

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Kulke, Elmar y Nina Baur. "Spatial Transformations and Spatio-Temporal Coupling". En Spatial Transformations, 151–66. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003036159-14.

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Kulke, Elmar y Nina Baur. "Spatial Transformations and Spatio-Temporal Coupling". En Spatial Transformations, 151–66. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003036159-14.

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Smith, Arnold. "Spatial Cognition Without Spatial Concepts". En Spatial Cognition, 127–36. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aicr.26.10smi.

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Johnston, R. J. "Spatial systems and spatial order". En Spatial Structures, 4–14. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003393146-2.

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Griffith, Daniel A. "Introduction". En Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Filtering, 1–32. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24806-4_1.

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Griffith, Daniel A. "Salient Properties of Geographic Connectivity Underlying Spatial Autocorrelation". En Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Filtering, 33–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24806-4_2.

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Griffith, Daniel A. "Sampling Distributions Associated with Spatial Autocorrelation". En Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Filtering, 65–90. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24806-4_3.

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Griffith, Daniel A. "Spatial Filtering". En Spatial Autocorrelation and Spatial Filtering, 91–130. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-24806-4_4.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Spatial"

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Cartland, Robert F. y Anupam Madhukar. "High Contrast, 2D Spatial Light Modulators (SLMs) Using InGaAs/AlGaAs Quantum Wells Operating at 980nm". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.smd.4.

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2D arrays of light modulators operating at 980 nm have been designed, fabricated and tested for use in photonic neural networks. The device would also be useful in other photonic systems employing intensity SLMs such as joint transform correlators or optical cross-bar switches. The light modulators employ III-V semiconductor materials grown, using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) , on GaAs substrates. Such III-V MQW modulators offer the high switching speeds required for the practical implementation of photonic systems.
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Underwood, Ian. "Liquid Crystal over Silicon Spatial Light Modulators - Principles and Prospects". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.stua.1.

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Burns, B. E., A. C. Ionescu, J. M. Geneczko, R. J. Grasso y S. F. Davidson. "Silicon Spatial Light Modulator Fabrication". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.stub.4.

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Spatial light modulators (SLM) are utilized in systems which compensate for distortion of a laser beam caused by transmission through a distorting medium. The Northrop Grumman linear beam cleanup system [1] uses an SLM to modify the phase front of the input beam to cancel the phase changes produced along the transmission path. At longer wavelengths these phase changes may not be achievable with current liquid crystal or lead lanthanum zirconate titanate (PLZT) modulators. High laser power levels may also produce adverse effects in these materials if operated in transmission mode. The silicon SLM (Si-SLM) produces a phase change by reflection of the laser from the surface of moveable pixels. The all silicon construction of the Si-SLM reduces the effects of temperature changes on the flatness of the reflecting surface.
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MATSUO, Shinji, Kouta TATENO y Takashi KUROKAWA. "VCSEL-Based Smart Pixels". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.smb.2.

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Smart pixels that incorporate vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have shown great potential for use in optical computing systems and photonic switching networks because the integration of the VCSELs makes optical circuits easy to construct. VCSELs are also a good match for electronic circuits because they operate at a low voltage and a low current. Many smart pixels that use VCSELs have been demonstrated [1-4]. In this paper, we describe VCSEL-based smart pixels that are integrated with photodetectors and electrical circuits in monolithic or hybrid structures. We also discuss the power consumption and packing density of the smart pixel.
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Teiwes, Stephan, Heiko Schwarzer y Harald Aagedal. "On the storage capacity of pixelated SLMs in coherent-optical information processing systems". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.stue.6.

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Spatial light modulators (SLMs) play a key role for the development of programmable optical systems in information processing [3]. Electrically addressable SLMs are of special interest since they can be used to implement computer-generated transmission functions. Such a function is typically represented in a computer by a two-dimensional discrete data structure and can be dynamically mapped onto the pixelated micro-structures of the SLM. This mapping can be interpreted as a computer memory access where a section of the computer memory is copied to the SLM in order to modulate an illumination wave. Consequently, the SLM is an optical storage with an electrical write-in and an optical read-out mechanism. In an optical system the read-out of an SLM is performed in parallel and can be used to realize specified functions. The function of an optical system can be defined either by its system function or its input/output-behavior. Evidently, the capability of an SLM to realize optical functions depends on its storage characteristics [4, 5, 6].
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McIntosh, K. A., L. J. Mahoney, K. M. Molvar, O. B. McMahon, M. Rothschild y E. R. Brown. "Infrared Metallodielectric Photonic Crystals". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.smc.2.

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During the past several years there has been significant research involving the design, measurement, and theory of periodic dielectric structures that exhibit a photonic bandgap.1 These photonic crystal structures could be useful in many applications that require frequency specific optical modulators or reflectors. As demonstrated recently at microwave frequencies, photonic crystal structures that incorporate metallic scattering centers can exhibit large electromagnetic stop bands.2 The resulting structures are referred to as metallodielectric photonic crystals (MDPCs). We report here progress in developing MDPCs with stop bands in the infrared. Using standard microelectronic techniques we have fabricated arrays of 3-dimensional photonic crystals on silicon substrates. The metallic "atoms" are laid out in a (100)-oriented fee arrangement as seen from the normal to the plane of the substrate. Stop-band characteristics of fabricated IR MDPC samples have been measured using the technique of Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Rejection levels of up to 20 dB are found in the stop bands of some of the structures. IR MDPC results are compared with measurements made on microwave-scale MDPC structures to help in understanding the infrared results.
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Grasso, Robert J. y Brent E. Burns. "Silicon Spatial Light Modulators for Atmospheric Aberration Compensation". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.stub.1.

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Silicon Spatial Light Modulators can be used with great effect to compensate for atmospheric induced aberrations that severely limit laser performance. In a program to improve both the beam quality and laser energy delivered to the target, Northrop Grumman has developed a novel linear phase conjugation aberration compensation technique. This technique utilizes a silicon Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) as a dynamic wavefront reversing element to undo aberrations induced by the atmosphere, platform motion, or both. A hologram written to a focal plane array camera (FPA) is transferred, pixel-by-pixel, to the SLM. This hologram, the conjugate of that formed on the FPA contains both intensity and phase information about the intervening atmosphere between the SLM and the target.
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Agranat, Aharon J., Michal Balberg, Meir Razvag, Shimon Vidro y Eli Refaeli. "The Concept of Electroholgraphy and its Implementation in KLTN Crystals". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.swc.1.

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Electroholography (EH) is a generic concept in optoelectronics, which enables to govern the reconstruction process of volume holograms by an external electric field. EH is based on the use of the voltage controlled photorefractive (PR) effect in crystals at the paraelectric phase(1). The PR effect enables the recording of volume holograms in a crystal, by spatially modulating its index of refraction in response to light energy it absorbs. In crystals at the paraelectric phase the PR effect is voltage controlled, namely, one can control the efficiency of the effect by applying an external electric field to the crystals during the reading (reconstructing) stage.
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Pu, R., R. Jurrat, E. M. Hayes, C. W. Wilmsen, K. D. Choquette y K. M. Geib. "Optical processing arrays based on VCSELs bonded directly to GaAs smart pixels". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.smb.4.

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VCSELs are near ideal light sources for free space, parallel optical interconnects since they are highly efficient, can be fabricated into 2D arrays and emit a low divergence column of light normal to the surface. However, integrating the VCSELs into smart pixels introduces fabrication problems since they can not be grown on foundry fabricated Si CMOS or GaAs MESFET circuits. Thus, the fabrication of complex pixels is difficult. Three methods of electrically connecting VCSELs to electronic chips have been discussed by Bryan et al. [1]; wire bonding, bridge bonding, and flip chip bonding to the whole VCSEL chip to a separate area of the electronic chip. Unfortunately none of these techniques are suitable for large-high speed arrays since they involve excessive numbers of long electrical lead wires or thin film traces which occupy a large area and add significantly to the capacitance and inductance of the circuit. Recently Goosen et al. [2] have developed a co-planar flip-chip bonding process for the attachment of SEED devices to CMOS chips. Their process has been shown to be both scalable and reliable [3]. This technique significantly increases the combined array size and decreases the interconnect capacitance and inductance allowing for much faster operation. The present paper reports the development of a co-planar bonding technique for VCSELs onto prefabricated pixel chips. This paper presents the details of this flip-chip bump-bonding integration.
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Liu, Y. C., P. R. Barbier, F. G. Johnson, P. T. Ho y G. L. Burdge. "InGaAs Photodiodes for Infrared-Sensitive Optically Addressed Spatial Light Modulators". En Spatial Light Modulators. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/slmo.1997.stub.2.

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Currently available optically addressed spatial light modulators (OASLMs) are sensitive only to the visible and near infrared (< 1.1 μm) light [1]. For many applications OASLMs which are sensitive to infrared (IR) light at 1.55 μm are required or preferred. A common OASLM light-modulating material is liquid crystal (LC) which can be addressed by a thin film photosensor [2]. This scheme requires that the photosensor exhibits very low dark current to prevent the LC from switching on in the absence of write light, and high photosensitivity to switch the LC on in the presence of write light [3]. An InGaAs/InP photosensor fulfilling these requirements will allow the successful fabrication of an IR-sensitive OASLM. An OASLM incorporating such a photosensor has been previously reported but exhibited a poor contrast ratio due to the large InGaAs/InP dark current [4].
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Informes sobre el tema "Spatial"

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Desmet, Klaus y Esteban Rossi-Hansberg. Spatial Development. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, septiembre de 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w15349.

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Eeckhout, Jan, Roberto Pinheiro y Kurt Schmidheiny. Spatial sorting. Institute for Fiscal Studies, agosto de 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/wp.ifs.2013.1318.

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Gandhi, Vijay, James Kang y Shashi Shekhar. Spatial Databases. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, septiembre de 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada473104.

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Stockinger, Kurt y Kesheng Wu. Improved searching for spatial features in spatio-temporal data. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), septiembre de 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/833576.

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Redding, Stephen y Esteban Rossi-Hansberg. Quantitative Spatial Economics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, septiembre de 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w22655.

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Thiessen, R. L. y J. R. Eliason. Geologic spatial analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6160871.

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Packard, Norman H. Complex Spatial Dynamics. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, enero de 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada245830.

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Eckert, Fabian y Michael Peters. Spatial Structural Change. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, septiembre de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30489.

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Arkolakis, Costas, Federico Huneeus y Yuhei Miyauchi. Spatial Production Networks. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, febrero de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w30954.

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Hashemi, Hooman. Spatial and Graphical Data Processing: Spatial Crowdsourcing and Quasi-Clique Enumeration. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, enero de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/cc-20240624-1316.

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