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Smolicz, J. J. "National Policy on Languages: A Community Language Perspective." Australian Journal of Education 30, no. 1 (April 1986): 45–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494418603000103.
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A brief historical review of language policies in Australia up to the publication of the Senate Standing Committee's Report on a National Language Policy in 1984 is given. The recommendations of the Report are discussed in the light of the ethno-cultural or core value significance that community languages have for many minority ethnic groups in Australia. Recent research findings on such languages are presented and their implications for a national language policy considered. It is postulated that the linguistic pluralism generated by the presence of community languages needs to be viewed in the context of a framework of values that includes English as the shared language for all Australians. From this perspective, it is argued that the stress that the Senate Committee Report places upon the centrality of English in Australia should be balanced by greater recognition of the linguistic rights of minorities and their implications for bilingual education. It is pointed out that both these aspects of language policy have been given prominence in recent statements and guidelines released by the Ministers of Education in Victoria and South Australia. The paper concludes by pointing to the growing interest in the teaching of languages other than English to all children in Australian schools.
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Bułat-Silva, Zuzanna. "Śpiące języki, czyli słów kilka o sytuacji językowej rdzennych mieszkańców Australii na przykładzie języka gamilaraay z Nowej Południowej Walii." Język a Kultura 26 (February 22, 2017): 337–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.19195/1232-9657.26.27.
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Sleeping languages, afew remarks on the linguistic situation of Aboriginal people in Australia through the specific case of Gamilaraay, an Aboriginal language of New South WalesThe main aim of this article is to investigate revival linguistics, anew branch of linguistics as yet little known in Poland, through the specific case of the recent revival of Gamilaraay, an Aboriginal language of New South Wales, Australia. After discussing the classification of the world’s languages according to their vitality, the author presents the language situation in Australia and offers adefinition of revival linguistics, justifying its relevance to the revitalization of Aboriginal languages, including some that have been extinct for up to two hundred years.
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Fesl, E. "Language Death and Language Maintenance: Action Needed to Save Aboriginal Languages." Australian Journal of Indigenous Education 13, no. 5 (November 1985): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0310582200014061.
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Language death can occur naturally, and in different ways, or it can be caused by deliberate policy. This is how deliberate practices and policies brought it about in Australia. •Diverse linguistic groups of Aborigines were forced into small missions or reserves to live together; consequently languages that were numerically stronger squeezed the others out of use.•Anxious to ‘Christianise’ the Aborigines, missionaries enforced harsh penalties on users of Aboriginal languages, even to the point of snatching babies from their mothers and institutionalising them, so they would not hear their parental languages.•Aboriginal religious ceremonies were banned; initiations did not take place, and so liturgical, ceremonial and secret languages were unable to be passed on. As old people died, their languages died with them.•Assimilationist/integrationist policies were enforced which required Aborigines to attend schools where English-only was the medium of instruction.•Finally, denigration of the Aboriginal languages set the seal on their fate in Victoria (within forty years of white settlement, all Gippsland languages had become extinct), most of New South Wales, South Australia and Queensland. Labelling the languages “rubbish”, “heathen jargon”, “primitive jibberish”, and so on, made Aboriginal people reluctant to use their normal means of communication.
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Gale, Mary-Anne. "Rekindling warm embers." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 34, no. 3 (January 1, 2011): 280–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.34.3.02gal.
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This paper reviews the teaching of Aboriginal languages in the tertiary sector of Australia, looking at the stronger languages taught in the university sector versus those languages under revival that tend to be taught in the TAFE sector. The paper summarises the status of courses offered state by state, and sets the scene with some historical background. The metaphor of ‘rekindling warm embers’ is used to describe revival programs, with a focus on the Ngarrindjeri experience in South Australia. The point is made that language teaching programs require the involvement and support of Elders, whether taught in the TAFE or university sector.
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Clements, J. Clancy. "PROCESSES OF LANGUAGE CONTACT: STUDIES FROM AUSTRALIA AND THE SOUTH PACIFIC. Jeff Siegel (Ed.). Saint-Laurent, Canada: Fides, 2000. Pp. xvi + 320. $34.95 paper." Studies in Second Language Acquisition 25, no. 3 (August 4, 2003): 461–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0272263103240195.
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The present volume highlights studies of languages created by contact-induced language change in Australia and the Pacific. Editor Jeff Siegel identifies six processes involved in the formation of pidgins, creoles, and other such language contact varieties: reanalysis, simplification, leveling, diffusion, language shift, and depidginization/decreolization. The process of reanalysis is the focus of four chapters: “The Role of Australian Aboriginal Language in the Formation of Australian Pidgin Grammar: Transitive Verbs and Adjectives” by Koch; “‘Predicate Marking' in Bislama” by Crowley; “Predicting Substrate Influence: Tense-Modality-Aspect Marking in Tayo” by Siegel, Sandeman, and Corne; “My Nephew Is My Aunt: Features and Transformation of Kinship Terminology in Solomon Islands Pijin” by Jourdan; and “Na pa kekan, na person: The Evolution of Tayo Negatives” by Corne.
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Breen, Gavan, and Veronica Dobson. "Central Arrernte." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 35, no. 2 (December 2005): 249–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100305002185.
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Central Arrernte is the language of an area centred on the present-day town of Alice Springs, in Central Australia. It is one of a group of dialects or closely-related languages spoken or formerly spoken over most of the southeast quarter of the Northern Territory and extending on the east side into the far-western part of Queensland; a slightly less closely-related language extends south into the north-central part of South Australia. They include varieties using the names Anmatyerr, Alyawarr and Antekerrepenh as well as several varieties using the name Arrernte with (nowadays) English geographical qualifiers. The major surviving varieties, Eastern, Central and Western Arrernte, Eastern and Western Anmatyerr, Southern and Northern Alyawarr each have several hundred to a thousand speakers, and are still being learned by many of the children, who grow up bilingual (in English) or multilingual. Breen (2001) is a brief introduction to the phonology of these languages.
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Fenton-Smith, Ben, and Ian Walkinshaw. "Research in the School of Languages and Linguistics at Griffith University." Language Teaching 47, no. 3 (June 3, 2014): 404–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026144481400010x.
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Griffith University is set across five campuses in south-east Queensland, Australia, and has a student population of 43,000. The School of Languages and Linguistics (LAL) offers programs in linguistics, international English, Chinese, Italian, Japanese and Spanish, as well as English language enhancement courses. Research strands reflect the staff's varied scholarly interests, which include academic language and learning, sociolinguistics, second language learning/acquisition and teaching, computer assisted language learning (CALL) and language corpora. This report offers a summary of research recently published or currently underway within LAL.
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Salimova, Nargiz. "British and American English and the Position of Slang in These Languages." Studies in Media and Communication 10, no. 3 (November 17, 2022): 177. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/smc.v10i3.5849.
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The meaning of the term “slang” in English is different from other languages. The main reason for this is the migration of the English-speaking population to other continents (North America, Australia, Asia) from the beginning of the 17th century, the fact that their languages became the dominant language by suppressing local languages, and due to the use of English by representatives of other nations who migrated to these places. Therefore, English is spoken in the Australian, Indian, South African and American varieties. These varieties are also called “slangs” of the English language. Therefore, there is still no single view on the concept of “slang”. In English lexicology, slangs include the most diverse words and word combinations, from jargons to neologisms. In American English, slangs are pronounced more obvious. Especially after American Revolutionary War, English became important in the United States, and now there are those who consider it an independent language. The American English was enriched by a variety of sources and adapted to the use of people who migrated to these areas. The article compares the British and American English at different levels and determines their different points.
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Iredale, Robyn, and Christine Fox. "The Impact of Immigration on School Education in New South Wales, Australia." International Migration Review 31, no. 3 (September 1997): 655–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/019791839703100306.
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Australia's immigration policies have had a dramatic effect on school populations, especially in the state of New South Wales which receives about 40 percent of the intake. This article is based on a study that was carried out for the Bureau of Immigration, Multicultural and Population Research and the NSW Ministry of Education. The study revealed that many non-English-speaking background pupils miss out on English as a second language instruction, community languages are allowed to lapse, and aspects of the school environment, such as relations between different groups, are not given the attention that they deserve.
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Tabain, Marija, and Anthony Jukes. "Makasar." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 46, no. 1 (February 5, 2016): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002510031500033x.
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Makasar is an Austronesian language belonging to the South Sulawesi subgroup within the large Western-Malayo Polynesian family. It is spoken by about two million people in the province of South Sulawesi in Indonesia, and is the second largest language on the island of Sulawesi (behind Bugis, with about three million speakers). The phonology is notable for the large number of geminate and pre-glottalised consonant sequences, while the morphology is characterised by highly productive affixation and pervasive encliticisation of pronominal and aspectual elements. The language has a literary tradition including detailed local histories (Cummings 2002), and over the centuries has been represented orthographically in many ways: with two indigenous Indic or aksara-based scripts, a system based on Arabic script, and a variety of Romanised conventions. From at least the early 18th century Macassan sailors travelled regularly to northern Australia to collect and process trepang or sea cucumber (Macknight 1976), and many loanwords passed into Aboriginal languages of the northern part of Australia (Evans 1992, 1997).
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Cho Tang, Kwok, Christine Duffield, Xc Chen, Sam Choucair, Reta Creegan, Christine Mak, and Geraldine Lesley. "Nursing as a career choice: Perceptions of students speaking Arabic, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish, Turkish or Vietnamese at home." Australian Health Review 22, no. 1 (1999): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah990107.
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Australia is a multicultural society and nowhere is this more evident than in Sydney where 25 percent of the population speaks a language other than English. In one of the largest area health services in New South Wales, the five most frequently spoken languages at home are Arabic, Serbo-Croatian, Spanish, Turkish or Vietnamese, with these language groups comprising 12percent of Sydney's population. Yet nurses speaking one of these five languages comprise less than 1 percent of the nursing workforce. A cost-effective method of addressing the shortage of nurses speaking languages other than English is to recruit students who already speak another language into the profession.This study examined high school students' perceptions of nursing in order to determine appropriate methods of recruiting students speaking one of these languages.Implications for the design of recruitment campaigns are also discussed.
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Schröder, Helga. "The Syntax and Semantics of Clause-Chaining in Toposa." Studies in African Linguistics 49, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 60–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v49i1.122263.
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Some languages make extensive use of clause-chaining. According to Payne (1997: 312), clause-chaining has been documented for languages in the highlands of New Guinea, Australia and the Americas. In Africa it is found in Ethiopia (Völlmin et al. 2007), in Kiswahili, a Bantu language (Hopper 1979: 213-215, Mungania 2018), in Anuak, a Western Nilotic language (Longacre 1990: 88-90 and 2007: 418) and in Toposa, a VSO language of South Sudan (Schröder 2011). Clause-chaining is characterized by a long combination of non-finite clauses that have operator dependency on a finite clause, and it usually signals foregrounded information in discourse (see also Dooley 2010: 3). Besides its discourse function, clause-chaining exhibits morpho-syntactic and semantic properties as demonstrated in this paper with examples from Toposa, an Eastern Nilotic language.
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Mercurio, Antonio, and Angela Scarino. "Heritage Languages at Upper Secondary Level in South Australia: A Struggle for Legitimacy." International Journal of Bilingual Education and Bilingualism 8, no. 2-3 (March 15, 2005): 145–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13670050508668603.
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Muga, Florence. "Psychiatry in Papua New Guinea." International Psychiatry 3, no. 3 (July 2006): 14–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s1749367600004823.
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Papua New Guinea is an independent commonwealth in the South Pacific, lying just north of Australia and sharing its western border with Indonesia. The population of Papua New Guinea is 5.2 million, of whom 87% live in rural areas (2000 census) (National Statistics Office, 2003). The country has a very rich culture; for example, there are over 800 distinct language groups (although Papua New Guinea has less than 0.1% of the world's population, it is home to over 10% of the world's languages).
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Wissing, Daan P. "Afrikaans." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 50, no. 1 (October 26, 2018): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100318000269.
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Of the official languages of South Africa, Afrikaans has the widest geographical, demographic and racial distribution (Webb 2003). According to the latest South African census of 2011 (StatsSA 2012), Afrikaans as first language is spoken by 13.5% of the country's inhabitants, only surpassed in numbers by Zulu (22.7%) and Xhosa (16%). In neighbouring Namibia, 10.4% of the population has Afrikaans as their first language. A noteworthy number of recent emigrants to United Kingdom, Australia, Europe and North America are likely to be Afrikaans speakers as well.1 A handful of elderly persons in Patagonia still speak Afrikaans; they are descendants of some 600 Afrikaans speakers who settled in Patagonia at the beginning of the 20th century (Du Toit 1995, Coetzee et al. 2018).
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Smith, Hilary, and Leanne Pryor. "Addressing the hegemony of English through picture books in Gamilaraay." Waikato Journal of Education 27, no. 1 (May 5, 2022): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15663/wje.v26i1.907.
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The reawakening of the Indigenous Gamilaraay language in northern inland New South Wales, Australia involves righting two centuries of prohibition and mistreatment after invasion by English-speaking settlers. Gamilaraay is no longer used as an everyday language in the community, although it has strong emblematic value for the Gamilaraay community. The hegemonic power of English means that it is seen as “normal”, while Gamilaraay use is often confined to ceremonial uses. A burgeoning awareness of the importance of Gamilaraay and other Indigenous languages of New South Wales has been reflected in recent legislative changes, which have in turn resulted in funding support for language materials. This article describes a community development approach in writing bilingual picturebooks in Gamilaraay and English as we progress towards our ultimate aim of normalising the use of Gamilaraay once more.
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Clyne, Michael. "Bilingual Education—What can We Learn from the Past?" Australian Journal of Education 32, no. 1 (April 1988): 95–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000494418803200106.
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This paper shows that bilingual education has a long tradition in Australia. In the 19th century, primary and secondary schools operating German-English, French-English or Gaelic-English programs, or ones with a Hebrew component, existed in different parts of Australia. The most common bilingual schools were Lutheran rural day schools but there were also many private schools. They believed in the universal value of bilingualism, and some attracted children from English-speaking backgrounds. Bilingual education was for language maintenance, ethno-religious continuity or second language acquisition. The languages were usually divided according to subject and time of day or teacher. The programs were strongest in Melbourne, Adelaide and rural South Australia and Victoria. In Queensland, attitudes and settlement patterns led to the earlier demise of bilingual education. The education acts led to a decline in bilingual education except in elitist girls or rural primary schools and an increase in part-time language programs. Bilingual education was stopped by wartime legislation. It is intended that bilingualism can flourish unless monolingualism is given special preference.
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Mitchell, Tony. "Doppio: a Trilingual Touring Theatre for Australia." New Theatre Quarterly 8, no. 29 (February 1992): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00006333.
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Doppio is a theatre company which uses three languages – English, Italian, and a synthetic migrant dialect it calls ‘Emigrante’ – to explore the conditions of the large community of Italian migrants in Australia. It works, too, in three different kinds of theatrical territory, all with an increasingly feminist slant – those of multicultural theatrein-education; of community theatre based in the Italian clubs of South Australia; and of documentary theatre, exploring the roots and the past of a previously marginalized social group. The company's work was seen in 1990 at the Leeds Festival of Youth Theatre, but its appeal is fast increasing beyond the confines of specialisms, ethnic or theatric, and being recognized in the ‘mainstream’ of Australian theatrical activity. Tony Mitchell – a regular contributor to NTQ, notably on the work of Dario Fo – who presently teaches in the Department of Theatre Studies in the University of Technology in Sydney, here provides an analytical introduction to the company's work, and follows this with an interview with one of its directors and co-founders, Teresa Crea.
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Grzybek, Joanna. "An Introduction to Research into Chinese Hunting Language." Investigationes Linguisticae, no. 28 (January 1, 2013): 17–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/il.2013.28.3.
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The Chinese language of hunters which is unknown in Poland deserves some attention of researchers and translators dealing with Chinese. Chinese hunters and hunting amateurs are going hunting abroad more and more frequently visiting South Africa, Canada or Australia, and sometimes also Poland. The author of the paper would like to inspire Polish researchers to investigate the Chinese language of hunters and turn attention to the fact that it is one of the oldest community languages. First, some information concerning hunting in China is presented, including a brief historical outline and hunting tourism. Next, legal regulations concerning hunting and environment conservation are discussed. Finally, the author focuses on falconry and touches upon falconry- and animal-related terminology
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Shaw, Margaret. "Following the textile trail: acquisition of South and Southeast Asian art books from an Australian perspective." Art Libraries Journal 18, no. 2 (1993): 15–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0307472200008294.
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Australia has traditionally adopted a Eurocentric outlook which has begun to be modified in the last decade by reappraisal of the country’s location in the Asia-Pacific region. The Australian National Gallery has only recently developed its collections of the textiles of South and Southeastern Asia and of related research materials, yet it already accommodates the world’s leading public collection of Indian textiles exported to Southeast Asia. Acquisition of both contemporary and antiquarian library materials has been complicated by the range of languages and cultures involved, the history of the textile trade, colonial publishing, and the problems encountered in dealing with a varying degree of organisation in local publishing and distribution. Nonetheless, with patience, as a result of travelling, by means of networking, and with the help of distributors, it has proved possible to build a worthwhile collection without depending too exclusively on Western publications.
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Ryan, Robin, Jasmin Williams, and Alison Simpson. "From the ground up: growing an Australian Aboriginal cultural festival into a live musical community." Arts and the Market 11, no. 2 (August 16, 2021): 92–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aam-09-2020-0038.
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PurposeThe purpose is to review the formation, event management, performance development and consumption of South East Australia’s inaugural 2018 Giiyong Festival with emphasis on the sociocultural imaginary and political positionings of its shared theatre of arts.Design/methodology/approachA trialogue between a musicologist, festival director and Indigenous stakeholder accrues qualitative ethnographic findings for discussion and analysis of the organic growth and productive functioning of the festival.FindingsAs an unprecedented moment of large-scale unity between First and non-First Nations Peoples in South East Australia, Giiyong Festival elevated the value of Indigenous business, culture and society in the regional marketplace. The performing arts, coupled with linguistic and visual idioms, worked to invigorate the Yuin cultural landscape.Research limitations/implicationsAdditional research was curtailed as COVID-19 shutdowns forced the cancellation of Giiyong Festival (2020). Opportunities for regional Indigenous arts to subsist as a source for live cultural expression are scoped.Practical implicationsMusic and dance are renewable cultural resources, and when performed live within festival contexts they work to sustain Indigenous identities. When aligned with Indigenous knowledge and languages, they impart central agency to First Nations Peoples in Australia.Social implicationsThe marketing of First Nations arts contributes broadly to high political stakes surrounding the overdue Constitutional Recognition of Australia's Indigenous Peoples.Originality/valueThe inclusive voices of a festival director and Indigenous manager augment a scholarly study of SE Australia's first large Aboriginal cultural festival that supplements pre-existing findings on Northern Australian festivals.
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Fhonna, Rahmi, and Yunisrina Qismullah Yusuf. "Indonesian Language Learning Methods in Australian Elementary Schools." Journal of Language and Education 6, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 106–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/jle.2020.10080.
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Previous studies have largely focused on the importance, problems, and challenges of teaching second languages in Australian schools, but very few have investigated the teaching methods used in the classroom to do so. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to identify the methods applied by teachers who teach Indonesian as a second language in one of the public primary schools in South Australia to enable their Australian students to comprehend the instruction in the Indonesian class. The data were collected through observational field notes and video recordings of three class meetings from two teachers. Evidence gives validity to analysis, and thus the data were analysed using the transcription conventions as proposed by Burns, Joyce & Gollin (1996). The results showed that the most frequently used methods by the teachers in teaching Indonesian to the Early Year level students were TPR (total physical response) and GTM (grammar-translation method). TPR was useful as the act of moving around seemed to help the children remember the vocabulary. Furthermore, GTM helped the teachers clarify the meanings of words and sentences for the students by translating them into their first language, i.e. English. These methods were not taught in isolation but were integrated by the teachers with other methods such as the direct method and audio-lingual method. The reflection of this teaching practice is considered a worthwhile contribution for other teachers who are also teaching Indonesian in other countries and as additional insights to immerse themselves in their language teaching practice. Moreover, considering the benefits of becoming bilingual, such as in communication, culture, cognition, character, curriculum, and economy, schools should provide more training for teachers to help them be able to use the best techniques in teaching the second language to enable and empower them to integrate other languages into their classes.
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Standfield, Rachel. "Archives of Protection." Pacific Historical Review 87, no. 1 (2018): 54–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/phr.2018.87.1.54.
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Aboriginal Protectorates operated in the late 1830s and 1840s in the Port Phillip District of New South Wales (later to become the colony of Victoria) in Australia and New Zealand. This article examines a small selection of the extensive archive of Port Phillip and New Zealand Protectorates to illustrate the ways that language and communication work within colonial projects to support and extend colonial authority. Examining language acquisition by Protectors, it places attitudes to and use of Indigenous languages within the context of colonialism in each site, arguing that Indigenous voices in New Zealand were co-opted, and in Port Phillip were marginalised, in the service of divergent approaches to dispossessing Indigenous peoples from their land. The article also explores glimpses of Māori or Aboriginal experiences of humanitarianism, colonisation, and dispossession captured in this archive.
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Heinrichs, Danielle H., Michael M. Kretzer, and Emily E. Davis. "Mapping the online language ecology of multilingual COVID-19 public health information in Australia." European Journal of Language Policy: Volume 14, Issue 2 14, no. 2 (October 1, 2022): 133–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/ejlp.2022.9.
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COVID-19 and recent vaccination roll-out campaigns reveal the globally significant relevance and impact of language policies. Often only very few, dominant official or national languages are utilised for health crisis communication despite existing work and research showing the need for inclusive health communication beyond such policies. Therefore, in response to the ongoing concern for effective multilingual communication policy amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, we explore culturally and linguistically responsive communication on social media in Victoria and the Northern Territory, Australia. Here, we suggest that multimodal information drawing on a broader range of semiotic resources delivered by community members has the potential to reconfigure state-level language policy and reflect regional socio-cultural situations. As such, several recommendations are made for adapting language policies including broader definitions of qualified translators and interpreters and the development of crisis-specific communication guidelines sensitive to the place of creation and its linguistic and socio-cultural demographics. Such inclusive, bottom-up approaches can inform other multilingual contexts and policies catering to highly diverse populations such as many European countries, the United States and South Africa, among others.
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Barker, R. D., and G. Caughley. "Distribution and abundance of kangaroos (Marsupialia: Macropodidae) at the time of European contact: South Australia." Australian Mammalogy 17, no. 1 (1994): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am94008.
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Historical records, and the names of animals within Aboriginal languages, were analysed to compare the distribution and density of kangaroos at European contact with those of today. We gave up this attempt for the Eastern Grey Kangaroo, Macropus giganteus, presently restricted to the extreme south-east of the state, because it was never differentiated historically from the Southern Grey Kangaroo, M. fuliginosus, which occurs right across the southern portion of the state. The historical distribution of the latter species, and of the Red Kangaroo, M. rufus, seems to have been similar to their distribution today. Past densities are difficult to extract from historical records and are not sufficiently reliable to justify comparison with present densities. We note however an apparent increase in density of 'kangaroos' in the mid-1800s.
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Amery, Robert. "A matter of interpretation." Language Problems and Language Planning 37, no. 2 (September 6, 2013): 101–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.37.2.01ame.
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Kaurna, the language indigenous to the Adelaide Plains in South Australia, is being reclaimed from nineteenth-century written historical sources. There are no sound recordings of the language as it was spoken in the nineteenth century, and little has been handed down orally to the present generation. Fortunately, the nineteenth-century records of the language are reasonably good for the time, having been recorded by Christian Teichelmann and Clamor Schürmann, German missionaries who were trained in philology and a range of languages including Hebrew, Greek, Latin and Chinese. The language was also recorded, in part, by a number of other English, German and French observers. The Kaurna language is now being revived: rebuilt, re-learnt and reintroduced on the basis of this nineteenth-century documentation. In this process, numerous problems of interpretation are being encountered. However, the tools that linguistics provides are being used to interpret the historical corpus. A range of concrete examples are analysed and discussed to illustrate the kinds of problems faced and the solutions adopted.
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Campbell, Ian. "Puisi Selatan." PORTAL Journal of Multidisciplinary International Studies 16, no. 1-2 (November 13, 2019): 143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/pjmis.v16i1-2.5843.
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Puisi selatan is a small selection of Sydney poet Ian Campbell’s Indonesian language poems taken from the author’s larger collection titled Selatan-Sur-South of Indonesian language poems - which appeared in PORTAL in 2008 - but now supplemented, for the first time, with English language versions which have been rendered by the poet himself from the ‘starting point’ of these original four Indonesian language poems.
 
 In all there are here now eight poems – four in Indonesian and four in English – with the common thread, for the poet, of being written ‘in the south’. For the poet also, they now interact, across languages, as a set of poems which consider the ways in which the actions of ‘memorialising’ are often intertwined with specific responses to the natural environment.
 
 The poems ‘Semenanjung Bilgola’ and ‘Bilgola headland’ are poems reflecting upon the efforts the poet’s parents made in the late 1960s-early 1970s to restore the natural environment on a headland of one of Sydney’s northern beaches which had been donated to the National Trust. The Indonesian language original poem was read by the poet himself and by Indonesian poets in cities in West Java in 2004 and also at the first Ubud Writers Festival in 2004 by Indonesian female poet, Toeti Heraty,
 
 The poems ‘Berziarah di Punta de Lobos, Chile’ and ‘Pilgrimage to Punta de Lobos’ are also memorialising poems and reflect upon the idea of ’pilgimage’ to a natural location near Pichilemu on the Chilean coast which is popular with surfers. In contrast, the poems ‘Simfoni angin’ and ‘Symphony of the winds’ describe the sights and sounds of a rural area near Purranque in the south of Chile, but here too the poet reflects upon the ways in which present evokes past.
 
 The final poems ‘Buenos Aires’ - rendered as the title in both languages - explore the ways in which the Argentinian café becomes a place in which memories of the city are revealed anew through the processes of inversion of light and shadow, of internal and external shapes and sounds, as if through a camera lens.
 
 Puisi selatan can be rendered in English as ‘poetry of the south’ as all poems derive their impetus from settings in Australia or in Latin America, specifically either Chile or Argentina. They were originally written in Indonesian as part of the poet’s interest in using Bahasa Indonesia as a language of creative writing.
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Sivak, Leda, Seth Westhead, Emmalene Richards, Stephen Atkinson, Jenna Richards, Harold Dare, Ghil’ad Zuckermann, et al. "“Language Breathes Life”—Barngarla Community Perspectives on the Wellbeing Impacts of Reclaiming a Dormant Australian Aboriginal Language." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 20 (October 15, 2019): 3918. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203918.
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Traditional languages are a key element of Indigenous peoples’ identity, cultural expression, autonomy, spiritual and intellectual sovereignty, and wellbeing. While the links between Indigenous language loss and poor mental health have been demonstrated in several settings, little research has sought to identify the potential psychological benefits that may derive from language reclamation. The revival of the Barngarla language on the Eyre Peninsula, South Australia, offers a unique opportunity to examine whether improvements in mental health and social and emotional wellbeing can occur during and following the language reclamation process. This paper presents findings from 16 semi-structured interviews conducted with Barngarla community members describing their own experienced or observed mental health and wellbeing impacts of language reclamation activities. Aligning with a social and emotional wellbeing framework from an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander perspective, key themes included connection to spirituality and ancestors; connection to Country; connection to culture; connection to community; connection to family and kinship; connection to mind and emotions; and impacts upon identity and cultural pride at an individual level. These themes will form the foundation of assessment of the impacts of language reclamation in future stages of the project.
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Curran, Georgia. "Amanda Harris. Representing Australian Aboriginal Music and Dance, 1930–1970." Context, no. 47 (January 31, 2022): 85–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.46580/cx80760.
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In Representing Australian Aboriginal Music and Dance 1930–1970, Amanda Harris sets out a history of Aboriginal music and dance performances in south-east Australia during the four-decade-long period defined as the Australian assimilation era. During this era, and pushing its boundaries, harsh government policies under the guise of ‘protection’ and ‘welfare’ were designed forcibly to assimilate Aboriginal people into the mainstream population. It is striking while reading this book how few of these stories are widely known, particularly given the heavy influence that Harris uncovers it having on the Australian art music scene of today. As such, the book makes an important contribution to the ‘truth telling’ of Australian history while also showing that—despite the severe policies during this era, including the banning of speaking in Indigenous languages and restricting the performance of ceremony—Aboriginal people have remained active agents in driving their own engagements and asserting their own culturally distinct modes of music and dance performance. This resilience against significant odds has been aptly described by one of the book’s contributors, Yorta Yorta and Dja Dja Warrung cultural leader, visual and performance artist, curator and opera singer Tiriki Onus, as ‘hiding in plain sight,’ referring to the ways in which Aboriginal people ensured the continued practice and performance of their culture by doing so in public, the only place they were allowed to…
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Rawluk, A., A. Sanders, T. W. Yuwati, D. Rachmanadi, N. Izazaya, N. Yulianti, N. Sakuntaladewi, et al. "Finding common ground: developing a shared understanding of tropical peatswamp forest restoration and fires across culture, language, and discipline." International Forestry Review 24, no. 3 (September 1, 2022): 426–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1505/146554822835941922.
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Indigenous and traditional peoples, practitioners and researchers navigate complex social ecological landscapes. The importance of dialogue across cultures, languages, disciplines, and forms of knowledge is increasingly recognised as needed in landscape restoration and environmental governance at multiple scales. A process called adaptive doing was used in two workshops in South Kalimantan Province, followed by remote collaboration among team members in Indonesia and Australia. Examining the breadth of differences in culture, language and knowledge, and recognising assumptions and disciplinary training, enabled each participant to develop a shared understanding of tropical peatswamp forest restoration and fires. The shared understanding extended beyond each participant's original conception and provided a collective vision that brought together the different knowledges, cultural and disciplinary backgrounds, while acting as a point of orientation for the work and purpose within a research project. The experience gained through adaptive doing has led to important collaborative changes in the project and can support future interdisciplinary teams to achieve collaborative practice change and a shared understanding of context.
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Goldstein, David, Ming Sze, Melanie Bell, Madeleine King, Michael Jefford, Maurice Eisenbruch, Afaf Girgis, Lisa Vaccaro, and Phyllis Noemi Butow. "Disparities in quality-of-life outcomes in immigrant cancer patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): e16507-e16507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.e16507.
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e16507 Background: Immigration is increasing world-wide. We explored disparities in quality of life outcomes for immigrant (IM) versus Anglo-Australian (AA) cancer patients having anti-cancer treatment. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, cancer patients were recruited through outpatient Oncology clinics in New South Wales, Victoria, and the Northern Territory in Australia. IM participants, their parents and grand parents were born in a country where Chinese, Greek, or Arabic is spoken and spoke one of those languages. AAs were born in Australia and spoke English. All were diagnosed with cancer < 1 year previously. Questionnaires (completed in preferred language) included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (anxiety/depression), FACT-G (quality of life) and the Supportive Care Needs Survey (unmet needs). Adjusted regression models comparing AA and IM groups included age, gender, socio-economic status, education, marital status, religion, time since diagnosis, and cancer type (colorectal, breast, lung, other). Results: There were 910 participants (response rate 57%). IM were similar to AA, except that IM were more likely to be married (76 vs 67 %, p = 0.01) and in the low and the highly educated groups (p < 0.0001). In adjusted analyses, IMs had clinically significant higher anxiety, greater unmet information and physical needs and lower quality of life than AAs (see table). The possible ranges are 0-21 for anxiety and depression, and 0-100 otherwise. Conclusions: In this hospital-based study with a high rate of advanced disease, immigrants with cancer experienced poorer quality of life outcomes, even after adjusting for socio-economic, demographic, and disease variables. Interventions are required to improve their experience of cancer care. Results highlight areas of unmet need that might be better addressed by the health system (particularly with regards to provision of information and meeting support and physical needs). [Table: see text]
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Butow, Phyllis Noemi, Lynley Aldridge, Melanie Bell, Ming Sze, Maurice Eisenbruch, Madeleine King, Michael Jefford, Penelope Schofield, Priya Duggal-Beri, and David Goldstein. "Cancer survivorship outcomes in immigrants." Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2012): 6111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2012.30.15_suppl.6111.
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6111 Background: Immigration is increasing world-wide. Cancer survivorship is now recognised as a period of difficult adjustment for all patients, and possibly more so for immigrants. We explored disparities in quality of life outcomes for immigrant (IM) versus Anglo-Australian (AA) cancer survivors. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, cancer survivors were recruited through the New South Wales, Queensland and Victorian Cancer Registries in Australia. IM participants, their parents and grandparents were born in a country where Chinese, Greek, or Arabic is spoken and spoke one of those languages. AAs were born in Australia and spoke English. All were diagnosed with cancer 1-3 years previously. Questionnaires (completed in preferred language) included the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (anxiety/ depression), FACT-G (quality of life) and Supportive Care Needs Survey (unmet needs). Outcomes were compared between AA and IM groups in adjusted regression models that included age, gender, socio-economic status, education, marital status, religion, time since diagnosis and cancer type (prostate, colorectal, breast and other). Results: There were 599 participants (response rate 41%). Consent was unrelated to demographic and disease variables. AA and IM groups were similar except that immigrants had higher proportions in the low and highly educated groups (p < 0.0001), and higher socioeconomic status (p = 0.0003). In adjusted analyses (see table), IMs had clinically significant higher depression (possible range 0-21), greater unmet information and physical needs, and lower quality of life than AAs. The possible range for the latter three is 0-100. Conclusions: Immigrants experience poorer outcomes in cancer survivorship, even after adjusting for socio-economic, demographic and disease differences. Interventions are required to improve their adjustment after cancer. Results highlight areas of unmet need that might be better addressed by the health system (particularly with regard to provision of information and support. [Table: see text]
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Goldsmith, Peggy W. "Second language learners in special education." Volume 3 3 (January 1, 1986): 92–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aralss.3.06gol.
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During 1984, New South Wales Department of Education conducted a survey of ethnic-specific needs of students of non-English speaking backgrounds (NESB) in schools for specific purposes (SSPs), which are special education schools. This paper indicates the results and outcomes of that survey. The percentage of students of NESBs in responding schools was 15.4%. The distribution of languages other than English spoken in homes of NESB students in SSPs is similar to that of the general population. The issues seen to be of greatest importance for schools with NESB pupils were assistance in communicating with non-English parents, and a knowledge of and contact with ethnic welfare/support agencies. A literature search revealed little in the way of studies on language provision for students of NESB in SSPs in the USA, Canada, Britain or in Australia. Assessment for placement in special education has always posed a difficulty in regard to students whose dominant language is not English. A move towards the use of Adaptive Behaviour Scales is a possible change in assessment procedures. where the level of language development will constitute just one factor among a number of others. The commencement of English as a second language programme and a bilingual programme are seen as innovatory in this field of education.
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Zhong, Ai. "The top 100 Chinese loanwords in English today." English Today 35, no. 3 (October 15, 2018): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026607841800038x.
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On February 17, 2018, the China International Publishing Group (CIPG), an organization under the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) Central Committee, released a report on the most recognized Chinese words in the English-speaking world. The data for ‘A report on the awareness of Chinese discourse overseas’ (中国话语海外认知度调研报告) were obtained from two resources, i.e. (1) a number of articles selected from 50 mainstream media, and (2) questionnaires distributed in eight English-speaking countries, including the US, the UK, Australia, the Philippines, South Africa, Canada, Singapore, and India. It should be noted that the report only investigates the usage and understanding of Chinese words in their Pinyin forms (China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration, 2018).
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Gaber, Tammy. "A A Question of Presence and Agency: Mosques in the West, North and South." American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 36, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajiss.v36i4.607.
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New scholarship, covered by the books in this review essay, include studies of mosques in the UK, Canada, Spain and Australia and demonstrate that the proclamation of presence of the architecture of the mosque works on a number of levels. The exterior façade, of course, functions to symbolize some sort of landmark and identity in a variety of possible architectural languages. However, the interior, is where the differences truly lie between the mosque in constructed in the Muslim world and those constructed outside of the Muslim world. For minority communities, the mosque program necessarily includes facilities for education, recreation, festive gathering and dining in addition to other specific programs such as funeral preparation, food bank collection and so forth.
 The contemporary mosque in the non-Muslim world, regardless of how west, north or south it is located, is loaded with much more programmatic demand in addition to the perceived politics of creating presence and identity in a perceived foreign landscape.
 To download full review, click on PDF.
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Muscat, Danielle Marie, Julie Ayre, Olivia Mac, Carys Batcup, Erin Cvejic, Kristen Pickles, Hankiz Dolan, et al. "Psychological, social and financial impacts of COVID-19 on culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Sydney, Australia." BMJ Open 12, no. 5 (May 2022): e058323. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058323.
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ObjectiveTo explore the psychological, social and financial outcomes of COVID-19—and the sociodemographic predictors of those outcomes—among culturally and linguistically diverse communities in Sydney, Australia.DesignCross-sectional survey informed by the Framework for Culturally Competent Health Research conducted between March and July 2021.SettingParticipants who primarily speak a language other than English at home were recruited from Greater Western Sydney, New South Wales.Participants708 community members (mean age: 45.4 years (range 18–91)). 88% (n=622) were born outside of Australia, 31% (n=220) did not speak English well or at all, and 41% (n=290) had inadequate health literacy.Outcome measuresThirteen items regarding COVID-19-related psychological, social and financial outcomes were adapted from validated scales, previous surveys or co-designed in partnership with Multicultural Health and interpreter service staff. Logistic regression models (using poststratification weighted frequencies) were used to identify sociodemographic predictors of outcomes. Surveys were available in English or translated (11 languages).ResultsIn this analysis, conducted prior to the 2021 COVID-19 outbreak in Sydney, 25% of the sample reported feeling nervous or stressed most/all of the time and 22% felt lonely or alone most/all of the time. A quarter of participants reported negative impacts on their spousal relationships as a result of COVID-19 and most parents reported that their children were less active (64%), had more screen time (63%) and were finding school harder (45%). Mean financial burden was 2.9/5 (95% CI 2.8 to 2.9). Regression analyses consistently showed more negative outcomes for those with comorbidities and differences across language groups.ConclusionCulturally and linguistically diverse communities experience significant psychological, social and financial impacts of COVID-19. A whole-of-government approach is needed to support rapid co-design of culturally safe support packages in response to COVID-19 and other national health emergencies, tailored appropriately to specific language groups and accounting for pre-existing health disparities.
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Jourdan, Christine. "France Mugler & John Lynch (eds.), Pacific languages in education. Suva, Fiji: Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific, 1996. Pp. viii, 310. Pb US $8.00." Language in Society 30, no. 1 (January 2001): 127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404501301057.
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This is a collection of 19 articles written by educators, policymakers, and linguists addressing the use of Pacific languages in education. The focus is on small island countries, and so Australia is not included. The book, well illustrated and containing many useful maps, is edited by two scholars with extensive research experience in the Pacific. They have grouped the articles around three important themes relevant to local education systems: (a) the roles of vernaculars in formal education; (b) questions of policy, maintenance, and non-governmental programs; and (c) issues, problems, standards, and attitudes. The result is a book that presents a compelling picture of the linguistic situation of various education systems in the Pacific nations. To summarize the situation briefly: Nothing is simple.
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Meyer-Rochow, Victor Benno. "Ingredients to become a scientist: curiosity, enthusiasm, perseverance, opportunity, and a good pinch of luck." ICES Journal of Marine Science 77, no. 6 (July 2, 2020): 2013–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsaa102.
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Abstract Writing a 200-word abstract about the life of a 76-year-old scientist, in which luck played a significant role, is not an easy task. Even knowing this scientist well (for I am talking about myself) does not make it any easier. When you notice something is not right, do not fear changing your major (I changed twice before settling on Fisheries and Marine Science). For my PhD in neurobiology, I changed again. Grab opportunities when they arise. Join field trips and expeditions, attend conferences, and spread your interests widely. Spend time in different countries, learn new techniques and languages, and always stay curious. Remain humble. I carried out speleological research in Jamaica and France, participated in a 4-month South Atlantic Fisheries Research Trip and a 3-month Bioluminescence Expedition to the Moluccas, and pioneered comparative physiological and functional anatomical research in Antarctica and the Arctic. Be adventurous. My ethnobiological field work took me to Papua Niugini, NE-India, and Central Australia. Having lived in Australia, Finland, France, Germany, Jamaica, Japan, and New Zealand (I am a New Zealander currently living in Korea) and having spent sabbaticals in Brazil, India, New Caledonia, and North Korea, I consider myself a global scientist. You can become one too.
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Заика, Наталья Михайловна. "ADDITIONAL MEANINGS OF CAUSAL MARKERS IN POLYPREDICATIVE CONSTRUCTIONS." Tomsk Journal of Linguistics and Anthropology, no. 2(28) (September 18, 2020): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23951/2307-6119-2020-2-18-29.
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В статье рассматриваются семантические параметры типологического варьирования полипредикативных причинных конструкций. Результаты исследования основаны на двух выборках: ареально и генетически сбалансированной выборке из 100 языков (Африка – 14 языков, Евразия – 8, Юго-Восточная Азия и Океания – 13, Австралия и Новая Гвинея – 27, Северная Америка – 18, Южная Америка – 20; из более крупных семей отбиралось большее количество языков) и выборке из 44 языков Европы. В качестве материала используются типологически ориентированные грамматики и языковые описания, корпусные данные, консультации со специалистами по конкретным языкам. В результате исследования было обнаружено значительное количество типологических параметров, связанных с семантикой, характеризующих либо причинную клаузу, либо клаузу следствия, либо всю полипредикативную причинную конструкцию в целом, часть из которых, насколько нам известно, ранее не упоминалась в теоретических работах по причинным конструкциям. Чаще всего в языковых описаниях упоминался оценочный компонент значения, особенно характерный для языков Евразии. Положительная и отрицательная коннотация, как правило, характеризуют причину и следствие одновременно, однако в некоторых случаях могут относиться лишь к одной из соответствующих клауз. Кроме того, были обнаружены такие параметры, как степень контроля в главной или зависимой клаузе, соответствие или несоответствие ожиданиям слушателя пропозиции, соответствующей причине или результату, реальность / нереальность и субъективное или объективное восприятие причины, акцент на мотиве или каузаторе действия, временное расстояние между пропозициями главной и зависимой клаузы, более или менее сильная каузирующая связь между этими пропозициями и критическое отношение к причинной связи в полипредикативной конструкции. Некоторые причинные конструкции входят в более чем одну из упомянутых выше оппозиций. Тот факт, что в Евразии и Юго-Восточная Азии и Океании семантически обусловленная вариативность в причинных конструкциях фиксировалась нами чаще, чем в других макроареалах, может быть связан как с меньшей описанностью языков других ареалов и доступностью источников, так и тем, что для языков с письменной традицией характерно большее количество маркеров причинных отношений. The paper deals with the semantics of causal markers in polypredicative constructions; it is based on an areally and genetically balanced sample of 100 languages (Africa – 14 languages, Eurasia – 8 languages, Southeast Asia & Oceania – 13 languages, Australia & New Guinea – 27 languages, North America – 18 languages; South America – 20 languages; where the number of languages taken from each family depends on its size). The research is based on typologically oriented grammars, language descriptions, corpus data and consultations with language experts. It turns out that apart from their basic causal meaning, causal markers can express other additional meanings in the Reason clause, in the Result clause or in both of them. To my knowledge, a number of these parameters have never been mentioned in typological studies of polypredicative causal constructions. The most frequently mentioned additional meaning was evaluation, widely attested in European languages. Both positive and negative evaluation usually refers to the Reason clause and the Result clause at the same time, but in some cases, it can refer to only one of the clauses. The other parameters include: the degree of control of the Reason and Result; conformity or non-conformity of Result to the hearer’s expectations; the reality/objectivity of Reason; emphasis on the Motive vs. the Causer; greater or smaller temporal distance between the propositions; degree of causal relationship between the propositions; and critical attitude toward the causal relationship in polypredicative constructions. Causal markers can combine two additional meanings as well. The fact that most of the additional meanings were attested in languages of Eurasia and Southeast Asia & Oceania can be explained in two ways. First, the languages of these Macroareas are well-described, and, second, both Macroareas possess a larger number of causal markers, typical of written texts, sometimes having additional semantic features.
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Boulard, Florence. "Picturebooks in New Caledonia." Waikato Journal of Education 27, no. 1 (May 5, 2022): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.15663/wje.v26i1.903.
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New Caledonia is a French overseas territory in the South Pacific with a long history of differing attitudes towards independence (Fisher, 2019). The local government aims to challenge French cultural hegemony by building a “New Caledonian School” (Gouvernement de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, 2016). That is, a school in which students are exposed to resources that reflect the realities of the country and allow for marginalised groups to become more visible in the curriculum. It is through this context that this article investigates how children’s literature, in particular picturebooks, began developing in New Caledonia. Children’s literature in New Caledonia is a relatively new phenomenon. Using Gramsci’s theory of hegemony, the paper explains the history of picturebooks in New Caledonia and their role in the curriculum. The official language of New Caledonia is French, but there are also 28 Kanak languages. Surrounded by Anglophone nations, such as Australia and New Zealand, education policies were put in place on this island to introduce English to students from primary school (Bissoonauth-Bedford, 2018). As a result, this article describes and analyses a bilingual picturebook written in French and English by Stephane Moysan (2017), entitled Yana’s Treasure: An Amazing Trip in New Caledonia. In particular, it reviews how this picturebook provides opportunities to bring to consciousness essential elements of Pacific French culture and identity both within and beyond the New Caledonian context.
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Sandel, Michael J., and Josephat Muhoza. "In Conversation with Michael Sandel on World Philosophy Day 2021 in Tanzania." Utafiti 17, no. 1 (June 24, 2022): 13–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26836408-15020055.
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Abstract Michael J. Sandel is a political and moral philosopher on the faculty of Harvard’s Department of Government. On World Philosophy Day 2021, Professor Sandel joined the University of Dar es Salaam by live-streamed video in a short question and answer session to celebrate the UN World Philosophy Day 2021. The questions referred to three of Sandel’s books, The Tyranny of Merit: What’s Become of the Common Good? (2020) What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets (2012) and Justice: What’s the right thing to do? (2010), volumes that have been translated in over thirty languages. Sandel’s lectures have packed St. Paul’s Cathedral in London, the Sydney Opera House in Australia, and an outdoor stadium in Seoul, South Korea where 14,000 came to one event to hear him speak. Discussants included convener Dr. Josephat Muhoza, a senior member of the UDSM Department of Philosophy and Religious Studies. Dr. Philbert Komu and Mr. Shija Kuhumba, faculty members of the department, philosophy students, and other members of the audience, also posed questions.
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Gaber, Tammy. "A Question of Presence and Agency." American Journal of Islam and Society 36, no. 4 (October 1, 2019): 89–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v36i4.607.
Texto completoResumen
New scholarship, covered by the books in this review essay, include studies of mosques in the UK, Canada, Spain and Australia and demonstrate that the proclamation of presence of the architecture of the mosque works on a number of levels. The exterior façade, of course, functions to symbolize some sort of landmark and identity in a variety of possible architectural languages. However, the interior, is where the differences truly lie between the mosque in constructed in the Muslim world and those constructed outside of the Muslim world. For minority communities, the mosque program necessarily includes facilities for education, recreation, festive gathering and dining in addition to other specific programs such as funeral preparation, food bank collection and so forth.
 The contemporary mosque in the non-Muslim world, regardless of how west, north or south it is located, is loaded with much more programmatic demand in addition to the perceived politics of creating presence and identity in a perceived foreign landscape.
 To download full review, click on PDF.
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Awan, Boshra, Suzanne Wicks, and Amy E. Peden. "A qualitative examination of causal factors and parent/caregiver experiences of non-fatal drowning-related hospitalisations of children aged 0–16 years." PLOS ONE 17, no. 11 (November 23, 2022): e0276374. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0276374.
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Fatal and non-fatal drowning is a significant public health issue, which disproportionately impacts children and young people. In Australia, the highest fatal and non-fatal drowning rates occur in children under five years of age. To date, little qualitative research has been conducted on non-fatal drowning, with causal factor analysis generally conducted using coronial and hospital data. This study’s aim was to identify causal factors in hospital treated cases of non-fatal drowning in children as qualitatively self-reported by parents and caregivers. Cases of unintentional child (0–16 years) non-fatal drowning admissions and Emergency Department presentations to three tertiary care paediatric hospitals in New South Wales, Australia were identified via International Classification of Diseases (ICD) coding. Parents and caregivers of drowning patients were invited to participate in a semi-structured interview. Data were thematically coded using an inductive approach, with a focus on causal factors and recommendations for preventive approaches. Of 169 incidents, 86 parents/caregivers were interviewed. Children hospitalised for drowning were more often male (59.3%), aged 0–4 years (79.1%) and 30.2% were from household who spoke a language other than English. Qualitative incident descriptions were coded to five themes: lapse of supervision, unintended access (commonly in home swimming pools), brief immersion (usually young children bathing), falls into water and ongoing impacts. Drowning prevention recommendations were grouped under supervision, pool barriers and maintenance, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training and emergency response, drowning is quick and silent, and learning swimming. Parents and caregivers of young children require ongoing education regarding supervision distractions and pool barrier compliance. Additional challenges are faced by those in rental properties with pools, parents/caregivers who cannot swim, and parents/caregivers from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. Affordable, accessible, and culturally appropriate swimming lessons, water safety education and CPR training should be made more available for adult caregivers, particularly in languages other than English.
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Hatoss, Anikó, Donna Starks, and Henriette Janse van Rensburg. "Afrikaans language maintenance in Australia." Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 34, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 4–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.34.1.01hat.
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Changes in the political climate in the home country have resulted in the emigration of South Africans to English speaking countries such as Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand. Despite the scale of movement of the South African population, language maintenance in these diasporic contexts has received little consideration. This paper presents a description of an Australian Afrikaans-speaking community in the small Queensland city of Toowoomba. The study shows a high degree of bilingualism amongst the first generation Afrikaans community but also shows incipient signs of language shift within the home and a weak connection between language and identity.
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Katermina, Veronika V., and Sophia Ch Lipiridi. "The linguistic and cultural aspect of the new vocabulary of the coronavirus pandemic." Current Issues in Philology and Pedagogical Linguistics, no. 2(2021) (June 25, 2021): 49–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.29025/2079-6021-2021-2-49-59.
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The article studies the linguocultural aspect of the emergence of the coronavirus pandemic neologisms. The similarities and differences between the English and Russian vocabulary of the coronavirus pandemic, generated by the specifics of the cultural code of intercultural communication participants, are analyzed. The relevance of the study is ensured by the continuous expansion of the coronavirus pandemic vocabulary, the permanent interest of linguists in the most popular part of the neological discourse of the English and Russian languages, the need for a scientific interpretation of collective experience reflected in the coronavirus pandemic vocabulary. The objective of the article is a linguistic and cultural analysis of the English and Russian coronavirus pandemic vocabulary to identify the peculiarities of the mindset of these neologisms’ creators in the definitions and contextual field of the given examples. The material of the study is the lexical units used in the speech of the inhabitants of the English-speaking (Great Britain, Ireland, the USA, Canada, Australia, India, South Africa) and the Russian-speaking areas recorded on the Internet. The fundamental research method is linguoculturological analysis supplemented by stylistic, semantic-axiological, comparative and componential analyzes. The role of the borrowing factor in compiling the corpus of the coronavirus pandemic vocabulary is also investigated. The regional specifics of lexical units that reflect the consequences of the spread of the disease is revealed. In particular, the article considers the specificity of the reflection of the emergence of new values on the stylistic layer of these neologisms in both Russian and English speeches.
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May, Tom W., and Thomas A. Darragh. "The significance of mycological contributions by Lothar Becker." Historical Records of Australian Science 30, no. 2 (2019): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/hr19005.
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Warning Readers of this article are warned that it may contain terms, descriptions and opinions that are culturally sensitive and/or offensive to Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders. Silesian-born Lothar Becker spent two periods in Australia, during which he made observations on a range of natural history topics, including fungi—a group of organisms rarely noticed by contemporary naturalists. Becker compiled notes, sketches and collections of Australian fungi that he sent to Elias Fries in Sweden for identification. Unfortunately, this material has not survived, but Becker’s accounts of his time in Australia, especially that published in Das Ausland in 1873, contain remarkable first-hand observations, including some on exotic fungi. Becker’s article is one of the earliest stand-alone analyses of the affinities of the Australian mycota. Remarks on the use of fungi by Aboriginal peoples of south-eastern Australia are particularly significant, due to inclusion of a word presumed to be from Aboriginal language and the suggestion of gendered roles in the collection of edible fungi.
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Simpson, Jane. "Early language contact varieties in South Australia." Australian Journal of Linguistics 16, no. 2 (September 1996): 169–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07268609608599537.
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Bakels, Jet, Robert Layton, J. M. S. Baljon, Herman L. Beck, R. H. Barnes, J. D. M. Platenkamp, Hans Borkent, et al. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 148, no. 3 (1992): 529–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003150.
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- Jet Bakels, Robert Layton, The anthropology of art. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991, 258 pp. - J.M.S. Baljon, Herman Leonard Beck, De Islam in Nederland: Romancing religion? [Inaugurele rede theologische faculteit Tilburg 14.2.1992.] Tilburg: Tilburg University Press 1992. - R.H. Barnes, J.D.M. Platenkamp, North Halmahera: Non-Austronesian Languages, Austronesian cultures?, Lecture presented to the Oosters Genootschap in Nederland at Leiden on 23 May 1989, Leiden: Oosters Genootschap in Nederland, 1990. 33 pp. - Hans Borkent, Directory of Southeast Asianists in the Pacific Northwest. Compiled by: Northwest Regional Consortium for Southeast Asian Studies. Seattle, WA: University of Washington [et al.], 1990. 108 pp. - Roy Ellen, Frans Hüsken, Cognation and social organization in Southeast Asia. Verhandelingen van het Koninklijk Instituut voor Taal-, Land- en Volkenkunde 145. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1991, 221 pp. figs. tables, index., Jeremy Kemp (eds.) - C. de Jonge, Huub J.W.M. Boelaars, Indonesianisasi. Het omvormingsproces van de katholieke kerk in Indonesië tot de Indonesische katholieke kerk, Kerk en Theologie in Context, 13, Kampen: Kok, 1991, ix + 472 pp. - Nico de Jonge, Gregory Forth, Space and place in eastern Indonesia, University of Kent at Canterbury, Centre of South-east Asian Studies (Occasional Paper no. 16) 1991. 85 pp., ills. - J. Kommers, Bernard Juillerat, Oedipe chasseur. Une mythologie du sujet en Nouvelle-Guinée, P.U.F., Le fil rouge, section 1 Psychanalyse. Paris, 1991. - Gerco Kroes, Signe Howell, Society and cosmos, the Chewong of Peninsular Malaysia, University of Chicago Press, 1989, xv + 294 pp. - Daniel S. Lev, S. Pompe, Indonesian Law 1949-1989: A bibliography of foreign-language materials with brief commentaries on the law, Van Vollenhoven Institute for Law and Administration in Non-Western Countries. Nijhoff, 1992. - A. M. Luyendijk-Elshout, H. den Hertog, De militair geneeskundige verzorging in Atjeh, 1873-1904. Amsterdam, Thesis Publishers, 1991. - G.E. Marrison, Wolfgang Marschall, The Rejang of South Sumatra. Hull: Centre for South-east Asian Studies, 1992, iii + 93 pp., ill. (Occasional Papers no. 19: special issue)., Michele Galizia, Thomas M. Psota (eds.) - Harry A. Poeze, Marijke Barend-van Haeften, Oost-Indie gespiegeld; Nicolaas de Graaff, een schrijvend chirurgijn in dienst van de VOC. Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 1992, 279 pp. - Ratna Saptari, H. Claessen, Het kweekbed ontkiemd; Opstellen aangeboden aan Els Postel. Leiden: VENA, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Leiden, P.O. Box 9555, 2300 RA., M. van den Engel, D. Plantenga (eds.) - Jerome Rousseau, James J. Fox, The heritage of traditional agriculture among the western Austronesians. Occasional paper of the department of Anthropology. Comparitive Austronesian Project. Research school of Pacific studies. Australian National University, Canberra, Australia, 1992. 89 pp. - Oscar Salemink, Gehan Wijeyewardene, Ethnic groups acrss National boundaries in mainland Southeast Asia. Singapore 1990, Institute of Southeast Asian studies (Social issues in Southeast Asia series). x + 192 pp. - Henk Schulte Nordholt, U. Wikan, Managing turbulent hearts. A Balinese formula for living, Chicago: University of Chicago Press. 1990, xxvi + 343 pp. photos. - Mary Somers Heidhues, Claudine Salmon, Le moment ‘sino-malais’ de la litterature indonesienne. [Cahier d’Archipel 19.] Paris: Association Archipel, 1992. - Heather Sutherland, J.N.F.M. à Campo, Koninklijke Paketvaart Maatschappij; Stoomvaart en staatsvorming in de Indonesische archipel 1888-1914, Hilversum: Verloren, (Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam, Publikaties van de Faculteit der Historische en Kunstwetenschappen III), 1992, 756 pp., tables, graphics, photographs. - Gerard Termorshuizen, Robin W. Winks, Asia in Western fiction. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1990. x + 229 pp., James R. Rush (eds.) - John Verhaar, Lourens de Vries, The morphology of Wambon of the Irian Jaya Upper-Digul area. Leiden: KITLV Press, 1992, xiv + 98 pp., Robinia de Vries-Wiersma (eds.) - Maria van Yperen, Cornelia N. Moore, Translation East and West: A cross-cultural approach, Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press. xxv + 259 pp., Lucy Lower (eds.) - Harvey Whitehouse, Klaus Neumann, Not the way it really was: constructing the Tolai past. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 1992.
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Romanenko, Olena. "SLAVIC COMMUNITIES IN AUSTRALIA: THE HISTORICAL BACKGROUND AND THE CURRENT SITUATION." Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu "Ostrozʹka akademìâ". Serìâ Ìstoričnì nauki 1 (December 17, 2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2409-6806-2020-31-14-23.
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Migration to the Australian continent has ancient origins. On 1 January 1901, the Federation of the Commonwealth of Australia included six former colonies: New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Tasmania, Queensland, and Western Australia. The British origin had 78% of those who were born overseas. The immigration was high on the national agenda. The most ambitious nation-building plan based on immigration was adopted in Australia in the post-World War II period. The shock of the war was so strong that even old stereotypes did not prevent Australians from embarking on immigration propaganda with the slogan “Populate or Perish”. In the middle 1950s, the Australian Department of Immigration realized that family reunion was an important component of successful settlement. In 1955 the Department implemented “Operation Reunion” – a scheme was intended to assist family members overseas to migrate to the continent and reunite with the family already living in Australia. As a result, 30000 people managed to migrate from countries such as Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, the Soviet Union, and the former Yugoslavia under this scheme. Today Australia’s approach to multicultural affairs is a unique model based on integration and social cohesion. On governmental level, the Australians try to maintain national unity through respect and preservation of cultural diversity. An example of such an attitude to historical memory is a database created by the Department of Home Affairs (DHA). For our research, we decided to choose information about residents of East-Central European origin (Ukraine-born, Poland-born, and Czech Republic-born citizens) in Australia, based on the information from the above mentioned database. The article provides the brief historical background of Polish, Ukrainian and Czech groups on the Continent and describes the main characteristics of these groups of people, such as geographic distribution, age, language, religion, year of arrival, median income, educational qualifications, and employment characteristics.
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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." Bijdragen tot de taal-, land- en volkenkunde / Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences of Southeast Asia 158, no. 1 (2002): 95–144. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134379-90003788.
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