Bibliografías temáticas / Sorbent material

Literatura académica sobre el tema "Sorbent material"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 22 de junio de 2024

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Artículos de revistas sobre el tema "Sorbent material":

Budriūtė, Eglė, Vaidotas Vaišis y Donatas Mikulskis. "INVESTIGATION OF HEMP WATER SORPTION CAPACITY / NATŪRALIŲ ORGANINIŲ KANAPIŲ SPALIŲ SORBENTO NAFTOS PRODUKTAMS ŠALINTI TYRIMAS". Mokslas – Lietuvos ateitis 8, n.º 4 (24 de octubre de 2016): 397–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2016.947.

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Effective clean-up of oil spills due to their negative environmental and economic impact is of capital importance. Clean-up of oil by sorption is considered one of the most desirable choices, because oil can be completely removed without causing any secondary pollution. Natural organic sorbents had been investigated and developed to control oil products‘ spills. Plant biomass is a renewable resource which can be converted into various materials and energy. Hemp (USO-31), as a textile industry waste, was used as an oil product sorbent material. The present study examines hemp sorption capacity of water using different fractions of hemp raw material to be used in oil/water mixtures. The experimental research revealed that water sorption capacity depends on fraction size and sorption time. The results of water sorption capacity of 2.5 and 5.0 mm after 1440 min were 4.74 and 4.67 g water/g dry sorbent, respectively. Labai svarbu efektyviai likviduoti išsiliejusius naftos produktus dėl jų neigiamo poveikio aplinkai ir ekonomikai. Naftos produktų valymo metodas pasitelkiant sorbentus yra laikomas vienu iš geriausių pasirinkimų, nes produktai yra absorbuojami sorbentų, nesukeliant jokios antrinės taršos. Natūralūs organiniai sorbentai buvo tiriami ir tobulinami, siekiant kontroliuoti naftos produktų išsiliejimus. Augalų biomasė yra atsinaujinantis išteklis, kuris gali būti naudojamas įvairioms medžiagoms ir energijai išgauti. Kanapių spaliai (USO-31), tekstilės pramonės atlieka, buvo tiriami kaip naftos produktų sorbentas. Buvo išnagrinėta kanapių vandens sorbcija naudojant įvairias šios medžiagos frakcijas. Eksperimentinis tyrimas parodė, kad vandens sorbcija priklauso nuo frakcijos dydžio ir sorbcijos laiko. Tyrimų metu buvo nustatyta vandens sorbcijos geba – 4,74 ir 4,67 g vandens/g sauso sorbento 2,5 ir 5,0 mm pavyzdžiams po 1440 min atitinkamai.

Dzyazko, Yuliya y Yevhen Kolomiiets. "SORBENTS BASED ON NON-CARBONIZED VEGETABLE RAW MATERIALS". Ukrainian Chemistry Journal 88, n.º 5 (24 de junio de 2022): 37–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.33609/2708-129x.88.05.2022.37-68.

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A literature analysis was conducted with sources that describe non-carbonized plant materials (in particular, cellulose from various plants and its derivatives) as sorbents for toxic ions (Cr3+, Cd2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Ni2+, etc.) and organic compounds, including oil products. The advantage of plant-based non-carbonized raw materials and sorption materials based on them is the ease of obtaining them from cheap and available plant materials (often from agricultural waste), while the absorbed oil products can be separated from such sorbents by pressing, and the sorbents can be reused. The disadvantage is a different composition, depending on the region of growth. The use of inexpensive materials as a matrix for a composite sorbent makes it possible to widely use such material for post-cleaning and/or as the main method of cleaning aqueous solutions for consumer needs. In particular, the addition of finely dispersed inorganic compounds (in particular, graphene oxides) and organic modifiers to non-carbonized plant material for functionalization of its surface was analyzed. Surface modification gives the sorbent hydrophobic properties and/or results in a composite sorbent having a higher sorption capacity (compared to unmodified sorbents) in relation to target pollutants. The study authors suggest using fatty acids, zinc oxide, polysiloxanes, trimethylamine and other compounds as modifiers. The impact of the porous structure of cellulose on its properties as an element of a composite sorbent is also considered. The presence of functional groups in plant materials, in particular in biopolymers, allows them to be used as cheap anion exchangers. To increase the number of ion-exchange groups, the authors of the research suggest functionalizing the surface, which leads to an increase in the number, for example, of sulphatic groups, which in turn increases the ion-exchange capacity of such an ion-exchange material or a composite based on it. When using modified hydrophobic biosorbents to remove oil and oil products from water surfaces, it is possible to regenerate the sorbents mechanically, i.e. without reagents. This provides the possibility of multiple use of biosorbents on one side and the possible complete extraction of valuable products  sorbed hydrocarbons.

Kostoev, R. K., D. S. Tochiev, E. I. Nilkho, Z. N. Sultigova, R. D. Archakova, B. A. Temirkhanov y L. Ya Uzhakhova. "Application of the mercury porosimetry method in the analysis of sorption materials". Fine Chemical Technologies 15, n.º 1 (21 de marzo de 2020): 76–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2020-15-1-76-83.

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Objectives. This study aims to establish the available porosity of a sorbent based on carbonized rice husk and investigate its sorption properties for oil and oil products.Methods. A rice-husk-based sorbent carbonized at 400°С for 30 min was selected as the subject. The porosity of this sorbent is analyzed with the help of mercury porosimeters, the Pascal 140 EVO and Pascal 240 EVO. The sorption properties of the sorbent are also studied when cleaning water containing oil and oil products.Results. The test sample is a bulk porous material with a pore volume of 0.015 cm/g; porosity higher than 15% was found, and the pore size distribution is shown. Studies were conducted on the sorption of oil and oil products as well as the possibility of using the aforementioned sorbent as a filtering material in the purification of water containing oil products. We investigated the sorption processes under dynamic and static conditions. The methodology for measuring the porous structure of solid materials on the mercury porosimeter, Pascal 140 EVO, was examined. The texture characteristics of the sorbent’s porous structure were determined, which is primarily the total volume of pores, the values of the specific surface area, and the volume of the microspores and mesopores.Conclusions. The materials studied can be used as sorbents with a developed porous structure for purification of water with dissolved and emulsified petroleum products.

Trusova, M. M., T. N. Kamedko y O. V. Pavlova. "PROSPECTS FOR USING CHITOSAN AS A STABILIZER IN COLLOIDAL OUTSTANDING". Food Industry: Science and Technology 14, n.º 4(54) (20 de diciembre de 2021): 97–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.47612/2073-4794-2021-14-4(54)-97-102.

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This article discusses the main representatives of the class of polyphenols, as well as the causes of the formation of colloidal opacities. The main auxiliary materials used in the technology of fermentation beverages are presented. The studies were carried out on model solutions, such sorbents as chitosan, diatomaceous earth and a combined sorbent based on them were studied. The maximum sorption of tannin by chitosan occurred already at 30 minutes of exposure and amounted to 242.5 mg of tannin per 1 g of chitosan. The maximum sorption of tannin by diatomaceous earth was 58.4 mg per 1 g of sorbent. The combined material based on diatomaceous earth and chitosan absorbs 147.2 mg of tannin per 1 g of sorbent. Chitosan and the combined sorbent have the best sorbing properties in relation to polyphenols. Research in this area will solve the problem of colloidal turbidity, increase the shelf life and sale of finished fermented drinks and beer.

Shachneva, Evgeniya Yu. "OBTAINING SORBENTS BASED ON NATURAL MINERAL RAW MATERIALS". Journal of the Belarusian State University. Ecology., n.º 2 (25 de junio de 2022): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.46646/2521-683x/2022-2-66-74.

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The presented material shows the results of studies of sorbents obtained on the basis of natural mineral raw materials -the flask of the Astrakhan region. The role of technogenic impact on the process of environmental pollution is shown. The methods of obtaining new sorption materials based on natural formations, the main component of which is flask, which is a sedimentary siliceous rock, are considered. The structure of this natural mineral is described, consisting of 90 % fine-grained amorphous aqueous silica with admixtures of clay matter, carbonates, silicon organic residues, quartz, feldspar, volcanic glass, etc. The studied component is close to trepel in its chemical and mineral composition, differing from it in greater density. The main adsorption-structural and physico-chemical characteristics of the sorbents under consideration are investigated. The values of the physicochemical parameters of the obtained materials, such as the porosity of the sorbent for acetone, the total pore volume of the sorbent for water, the moisture content in the sorbent and the pH of the aqueous suspension of the sorbent, are calculated. Their adsorption-structural characteristics, such as the specific surface area of the sorbent and bulk density, are determined. The presented material describes the nature of the surface and the structure of the flask as a natural mineral raw material underlying the methods of obtaining the sorbents in question. This suggests possible sorption properties of the described products. Graphical diagrams of the structure of clay minerals as layered crystal structures are presented, the atomic lattice of the substance of which combines two main structural elements. A graphical diagram of the described structural elements is presented. In the course of the work, the scheme of the graphic representation of the montmorillonite structure is considered, and the mineral and chemical composition of the flask of the Astrakhan region is characterized. All of the above allows us to make an assumption about the possibility of their use as a sorbent, as well as a base material for the creation of new sorption materials. The obtained results of the work can be used to remove toxicants from various media, minimize production costs, and increase the efficiency of adsorbents in the processes of their long-term operation.

Sokol, Oleksandr y Anna Ivanchenko. "PRODUCTION OF ACID-ACTIVATED SORBENTS FROM PLANT RAW MATERIALS AND THEIR TESTING FOR DYE REMOVAL FROM MODEL SOLUTIONS". Collection of scholarly papers of Dniprovsk State Technical University (Technical Sciences) 1, n.º 44 (6 de junio de 2024): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.31319/2519-2884.44.2024.22.

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The study addresses the pressing issue of obtaining new sorbents from plant raw materials and their use for purifying water systems containing hazardous dyes. In the research, the method of chemical kiloton activation is applied to acquire new sorbents, and its advantages are outlined. Three samples of sorbents were obtained: a lignocellulosic sorbent based on walnut shell, which underwent no treatment with chemical reagents; the second sample was obtained by treating a lignocellulosic raw material with a 65 % solution of nitric acid (HNO3); the third sample - with a 65 % solution of acetic acid (CH₃COOH). The chemical activation of sorbents was carried out by the impregnation method in a water bath and rinsing with distilled water until reaching pH = 7—8, followed by gradual drying, initially at temperatures of 60—65 °C, then at 100—105 °C for 1—2 hours, and finally at 125—130 °C until a constant mass was achieved. At the last stage, the material was ground, selecting fractions of 10 mm in size. The prepared sorbents were tested for their efficiency in removing methyl orange dye from model solutions. A comparative analysis of sorbent samples regarding dye removal from model solutions was conducted. It was found that the use of chemically activated lignocellulosic sorbent with acetic acid (CH₃COOH) solution is more effective compared to nitric acid (HNO3) and non-activated sorbent. The optimal consumption rate of kiloton-activated lignocellulosic sorbent was found to be 1.5 g/dm3, with a purification efficiency of 80 %. The optimal contact time of the lignocellulosic sorbent with the adsorbate is 20 hours. The influence of temperature on the dye sorption process was investigated in the range from 291 to 303 K. Increasing the temperature to 303 K resulted in achieving a purification efficiency of 86 %.

Gorecki, Jerzy, Mariusz Macherzynski, Jacek Chmielowiec, Karel Borovec, Mateusz Wałeka, Yinyou Deng, Janusz Sarbinowski y Grzegorz Pasciak. "The Methods and Stands for Testing Fixed Sorbent and Sorbent Polymer Composite Materials for the Removal of Mercury from Flue Gases". Energies 15, n.º 23 (24 de noviembre de 2022): 8891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15238891.

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The most common methods of reducing mercury emissions are the use of fixed bed granular sorbents and sorbent injection. However, both of these methods have disadvantages, such as increasing the flow resistance or the need to remove the sorbent from flue gas, respectively. These disadvantages can be eliminated by using sorbents permanently bound to construction materials (fixed sorbent materials—FSMs) or mixed with construction materials (sorbent polymer composites—SPCs). The approach is unique in the world literature as well as the development of three stands and procedures enabling the testing of FSMs or SPC materials based on Tarflen as a construction material. In order to further tests of FSMs and SPCs, the system for laboratory tests and two systems for industrial tests are developed. These stands and procedures enable determination of the influence of: FSM or SPC module shapes, flue gas properties (e.g., composition, temperature, flow rate), and mercury concentration on the effectiveness of mercury removal by SPCs and FSMs. In this paper, the influence of module shapes, gas velocity, and temperature is particularly considered. In the final industrial tests, the FSM removes 99.5% Hg after 42 days and the SPC removes from 99.5% to 82.3% after 34 days.

Burlyaev, V. V., E. V. Burlyaeva, A. I. Nikolaev y B. V. Peshnev. "FUNCTIONAL MODELING OF CARBON SORBENTS SYNTHESIS CONTROL". Fine Chemical Technologies 14, n.º 1 (28 de febrero de 2019): 39–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2410-6593-2019-14-1-39-46.

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The formalized model of carbon sorbent synthesis control based on the methodology for functional modeling is constructed. The correlations between the directions of use and the properties of carbon sorbents are revealed. The characteristics that are essential regardless of the direction of use of the sorbent, in particular, sorption properties and strength are identified. The technologies based on the gas-phase method of obtaining carbon material are considered, the analysis of individual stages of the process of obtaining carbon sorbents is carried out. The analysis of the influence of the technological parameters of the synthesis on the properties of sorbents is carried out. On the basis of the established relationships, a functional model has been built that provides a hierarchically ordered, structured, visual description of the management of carbon sorbent synthesis. The simulation is performed “from top to bottom” from the most general description to the detail. The resulting model is a set of interrelated graphical diagrams. At the initial stage, the synthesis of carbon sorbent is considered as a single process, the input parameters of which are hydrocarbon gas, the activating agent and the material form factor, the output - carbon sorbent, and the control parameters are the requirements for strength and sorption properties. Then the synthesis process is decomposed. The control processes (analysis of raw material properties and matrix selection), technological processes (raw material preparation) and mixed processes are distinguished as a result of decomposition. The model includes a consistent description of the technological parameters selection (temperature, gas flow and time) for both stages of the synthesis process. The model is the base for information support providing for the production of carbon sorbents with the required properties.

Dolgikh, V. T., V. A. Likholobov, V. V. Moroz, L. G. P'yanova, T. I. Dolgikh, A. V. Ershov y M. S. Drozdetskaya. "Prospects of the Use of New Carbon Sorbents with Antimicrobial Properties in the Intensive Care Medicine". General Reanimatology 15, n.º 1 (1 de marzo de 2019): 54–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.15360/1813-9779-2019-1-54-69.

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The purpose is to study antibacterial and antimycotic properties of produced granular carbon sorbents. Material and methods. A VNIITU-1 carbon sorbent was used as a starting material, which was modified with polyvinylpyrrolidone and lactic and glycolic acids oligomers. Microbiological bench tests were carried out to determine the antibacterial and antimycotic activity of these granulated carbon hemosorbents. Antibacterial properties of sorbents were studied in relation to pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus agalactiae as well as their mixtures: mixture No. 1 — S. aureus and E. coli; mixture No. 2 — S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. Results. Presented data demonstrate that the modified VNIITU-1 exhibits significant antibacterial and antimycotic activity against most of the studied microorganisms compared to original sorbent. Conclusion. Modified sorbents as antimicrobial and detoxifying drugs may further be employed in treatment of obstetrical-gynecological and surgical diseases. The carbon sorbents are promising materials for medicine, as they expand the potential of sorption therapy in clinical practice.

I V, Starostina, Nikitina A E, Kosukhin M M y Starostina Yu.L. "Efficient carbonaceous sorbent based on the waste sludge of oil extraction industry for purifying wastewater from petroleum products". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, n.º 2.23 (20 de abril de 2018): 266. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.23.11928.

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The opportunity to use the oil extraction industry waste kieselghur sludge as a raw stuff for carbonaceous sorbent for purifying wastewater from petroleum and petroleum products has been researched. It has been demonstrated that the thermal modification of the waste sludge results in oxidation of organic matter and the formation of a carbon layer on the surface of kieselghur (diatomite), as well as the formation of the obtained material’s porous structure. The maximum values of oil-absorption and petroleum-absorption of the carbonaceous sorbent samples, obtained at various temperatures of the initial waste product treatment, have been determined. The highest petroleum saturation (2 g/g) is observed in the first 5 minutes of the sorbent’s contact with the pollutant and is characteristic of the material, obtained at temperature 500°С. The highest oil saturation (3.6 g/g) is shown by the sorbent, obtained at temperature 450°С. This value was achieved after 30 minutes of the sorbent’s contact with oil. The efficiency of clarifying water-oil emulsion with the concentration 1.5 g/dm3 by using carbonaceous sorbents of various thermal pre-history has been determined. The highest degree of emulsion clarification – 91% was achieved at using the sorbent, obtained as a result of the waste sludge modification at temperature 450°С.

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Tesis sobre el tema "Sorbent material":

Chigome, Samuel y Samuel Chigome. "Electrospun nanofibers : an alternative sorbent material for solid phase extraction". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004972.

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The work described in the thesis seeks to lay a foundation for a better understanding of the use of electrospun nanofibers as a sorbent material. Three miniaturised electrospun nanofiber based solid phase extraction devices were fabricated. For the first two, 10 mg of electrospun polystyrene fibers were used as a sorbent bed for a micro column SPE device (8 mm bed height in a 200 μl pipette tip) and a disk (I) SPE device (5 mm 1 mm sorbent bed in a 1000 μl SPE barrel). While for the third, 4.6 mg of electrospun nylon nanofibers were used as a sorbent bed for a disk (II) SPE device, (sorbent bed consisting of 5 5 mm 350 μm stacked disks in a 500 μl SPE barrel). Corticosteroids were employed as model analytes for performance evaluation of the fabricated SPE devices. Quantitative recoveries (45.5-124.29 percent) were achieved for all SPE devices at a loading volume of 100 μl and analyte concentration of 500 ng ml-1. Three mathematical models; the Boltzmann, Weibull five parameter and the Sigmoid three parameter were employed to describe the break through profiles of each of the sorbent beds. The micro column SPE device exhibited a breakthrough volume of 1400 μl, and theoretical plates (7.98-9.1) while disk (I) SPE device exhibited 400-500 μl and 1.39-2.82 respectively. Disk (II) SPE device exhibited a breakthrough volume of 200 μl and theoretical plates 0.38-1.15. It was proposed that the formats of future electrospun nanofiber sorbent based SPE devices will be guided by mechanical strength of the polymer. The study classified electrospun polymer fibers into two as polystyrene type (relatively low mechanical strength) and nylon type (relatively high mechanical strength).

Fontenot, Sean y Sean Fontenot. "Supramolecular Modification of Mesoscale Materials". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12356.

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The process of surface modification allows us to combine the structural advantages of materials with the chemical functionality of organic compounds. Attachment of functional organic molecules to surfaces of high surface area substrates yields materials having dense chemical functionality. Materials with meso- and nanoscale features are often used as support substrates because their small-scale features provide very high surface area. Mesoporous silica is one of the most chemically accessible mesoscale materials, and the well-established chemistries of its production and modification lead to controlled pore structure and rapid kinetics. Such materials have seen use as sorbents for environmental remediation of contaminated water. For this application, their high degree of functionality and high-affinity surface chemistries permit a relatively small amount of material to effectively treat a large volume of water. The many advantages of these highly engineered materials come at a relatively high economic cost. The high-affinity chemical functionalities that provide these materials with unprecedented efficiencies also make them correspondingly more difficult to recycle. One-time utilization of these materials makes the cost-per-use high which consequently limits their economically viable applications. The goal of this work has been to explore surface chemistries that will allow high performance, regenerable or recyclable sorbent materials. Shifting from a single-use material to a regenerable platform in which the mesoscale supports are recycled may lower the environmental and economic costs of the material while retaining the advantageous properties of the meso- and nanostructured materials. We chose to approach this goal by developing non-covalent, supramolecular surface modification techniques as alternatives to current surface modification techniques which, almost without exception, are based on covalent modification motifs. Non-covalent attachment of organic molecules to surfaces allows us to avoid the necessity of optimizing the attachment for each class of organic molecule as well as avoid protection and de-protection procedures necessary to attach delicate or reactive functional groups to surfaces. In this way, supramolecular modification processes reduce the cost of material research and development in addition to the costs of material production and use. The process of surface modification allows us to combine the structural advantages of materials with the chemical functionality of organic compounds. Attachment of functional organic molecules to surfaces of high surface area substrates yields materials having dense chemical functionality. Materials with meso- and nanoscale features are often used as support substrates because their small-scale features provide very high surface area. Mesoporous silica is one of the most chemically accessible mesoscale materials, and the well-established chemistries of its production and modification lead to controlled pore structure and rapid kinetics. Such materials have seen use as sorbents for environmental remediation of contaminated water. For this application, their high degree of functionality and high-affinity surface chemistries permit a relatively small amount of material to effectively treat a large volume of water. The many advantages of these highly engineered materials come at a relatively high economic cost. The high-affinity chemical functionalities that provide these materials with unprecedented efficiencies also make them correspondingly more difficult to recycle. One-time utilization of these materials makes the cost-per-use high which consequently limits their economically viable applications. The goal of this work has been to explore surface chemistries that will allow high performance, regenerable or recyclable sorbent materials. Shifting from a single-use material to a regenerable platform in which the mesoscale supports are recycled may lower the environmental and economic costs of the material while retaining the advantageous properties of the meso- and nanostructured materials. We chose to approach this goal by developing non-covalent, supramolecular surface modification techniques as alternatives to current surface modification techniques which, almost without exception, are based on covalent modification motifs. Non-covalent attachment of organic molecules to surfaces allows us to avoid the necessity of optimizing the attachment for each class of organic molecule as well as avoid protection and de-protection procedures necessary to attach delicate or reactive functional groups to surfaces. In this way, supramolecular modification processes reduce the cost of material research and development in addition to the costs of material production and use. This dissertation contains previously published and unpublished co-authored material.

Brun, Raphaël. "Understanding the behavior of inorganic matrix-based construction materials for Indoor Air Quality improvement". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022MTLD0009.

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Les matériaux de construction sorptifs comme solution de remédiation à la pollution des environnements intérieurs semblent être une alternative prometteuse aux solutions conventionnelles d’assainissement de l’air, auxquelles sont reprochées une consommation d'énergie importante et la potentielle libération de sous-produits nocifs. Dans ce travail de thèse, les propriétés d’élimination des polluants de plaques de plâtre et d’enduits à base de chaux enrichis en Charbons Actifs (CA), comme sorbants, sont étudiées. Trois réacteurs à différentes échelles sont déployés pour évaluer de manière complémentaire le comportement des matériaux vis-à-vis des Composés Organiques Volatiles (COV) typiques des environnements intérieurs. Les capacités de piégeage des sorbants en poudre sont caractérisées en les exposant à des COV individuels (toluène ou formaldéhyde) dans un réacteur en U en conditions ambiantes (50 % RH à 23 °C). Leur morphologie et chimie de surface sont étudiées et corrélées aux propriétés de piégeage. De plus, le devenir des COV adsorbés est étudié à température ambiante, et selon un scénario d’élévation de température typique d’un environnement intérieur. Les résultats obtenus pour cette échelle expérimentale aboutissent à des recommandations pour la sélection de charbons actifs. Des échantillons de matériaux de construction mis en œuvre, exposés à un mélange de 18 COV représentatifs de la diversité des polluants intérieurs, sont étudiés à l'aide d'un réacteur FLEC. Les capacités de piégeage des matériaux de construction enrichis en CA sont évaluées en les exposant de manière continue pendant 42 jours au mélange de COV. Des paramètres clés sont proposés pour discriminer l’impact des matériaux sur la qualité de l’air intérieur (QAI). L'introduction de charbon actif améliore remarquablement la capacité des matériaux de construction à éliminer les COV à court et à long terme. De plus, des expériences dédiées au formaldéhyde mettent en évidence une adsorption réactive sur la matrice « enduit à base de chaux » : la réaction de Cannizzaro conduit à la formation de méthanol gazeux et de formiates adsorbés. A échelle réelle, à l’aide de la pièce expérimentale IRINA de 40 m3, la matrice « enduit à base de chaux » et un enduit enrichi en CA sont exposés à des polluants sélectionnés (ozone, toluène, décane, limonène, acétone, éthanol et formaldéhyde) à des niveaux typiques de l’air intérieur. L'efficacité du plâtre enrichi en charbon actif pour atténuer les épisodes de pollution est démontrée et quantifiée pour tous les composés étudiés. Les résultats à échelle réelle soulignent que les matériaux de construction sorptifs peuvent être appliqués au même titre que des dispositifs actifs et oxydatifs de traitement de l'air, largement déployés à l’heure actuelle
Use of sorptive construction materials to mitigate VOC concentrations indoors appears as a promising alternative to conventional solutions responsible for energy consumption and potential harmful by-products release. In this PhD, the VOC uptake properties of gypsum boards and lime-cement plasters enriched in VOC sorbents, activated carbons (AC), are investigated. Three-scale reactors have been deployed to complementarily assess the behavior of the materials regarding indoor Volatiles Organic Compounds (VOCs). Selected powder sorbents, exposed to single VOC (toluene and formaldehyde), are characterized using a U-shape reactor under mild conditions (50% RH and 23 °C). AC surface chemistry and morphology are correlated with VOC uptake capacities. The fate of taken up VOCs on AC surface is investigated at ambient temperature and under typical indoor heat events. Results lead to the definition of guidelines for AC selection. Fully processed board samples, exposed to an 18-VOC mix, representative of indoor pollutant diversity, are studied using FLEC reactors. The uptake capacities of sorptive materials are assessed using a continuous 42-day exposure to the VOC mix. Key parameters are proposed to discriminate materials according to their impact on IAQ. The introduction of ACs remarkably enhances the VOC removal ability of construction materials on short and long term. Additionally, experiments dedicated to HCHO evidence a reactive uptake on lime-cement plaster matrix: Cannizzaro reaction leads to the formation of gaseous methanol and adsorbed formates. At real scale, using the 40-m3 IRINA experimental room, lime-cement plaster matrix and a lime-cement plaster enriched in AC are exposed to selected pollutants (ozone, toluene, decane, limonene, acetone, ethanol and formaldehyde) at typical indoor level. The effectiveness of the AC-enriched plaster to mitigate pollution episodes is evidenced and quantified for all investigated compounds. Real scale results emphasize that sorptive construction materials can perform as well as widespread active and oxidative air treatment devices

Campos, Lopez F. (Felipe). "Evaluating the effectivity of peat as sorbent material for mining water purification in pilot scale systems". Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201805091619.

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The development of the mining industry has led to an increase in the environmental impacts generated by the industry. Mining influenced waters have a severe impact over the surrounding aquatic environment as the waters may contain pollutants in dissolved and particulate form, such as heavy metals and metalloids. The severity of these impacts is dependent on, among other factors, the hydrological characteristics of the receiving water bodies as well as the mine water composition. Among the numerous methods that have been developed for mining water purification, adsorption via biosorbents has proven to be an effective and sustainable option. A number of biosorbent materials have been extensively studied for their metal adsorption capacity such as bark, seaweed, modified cotton, lignin, and peat, among others. In Finland, peat is of interest because it is widely available. Although natural peat has been found to possess high sorption capacity for metal and metalloids, a variety of treatments (physical, chemical, etc.) have also been investigated aiming to increase sorption capacity or to modify chemical and/or physical properties that can improve its application as a sorbent. It is important to note that although several studies have reported on the sorption capacity of natural and modified peat, these studies have been mostly conducted in a laboratory scale and used synthetic water samples. Only a small number of purification systems using peat as a biosorbent have been reported in pilot-scale or full-scale scenarios. There is therefore a lack of knowledge regarding the suitability of peat as a biosorbent for metal removal from real water samples containing a mix of contaminants. Furthermore, there is a need for reports describing the performance of peat in pilot systems simulating real applications. The main objective of this thesis was thus to evaluate the suitability of using peat as a sorbent for the purification of mine process and drainage waters in two pilot-scale purification systems. Another objective was to evaluate the effect of the systems design parameters over metal removal and use the obtained results to conclude on the viability for full-scale applications. For this purpose, a mix-and-settling system and a horizontal filter system were tested using natural and chemically modified peat as sorbents and real drainage water was collected from a mining site in Northern Finland. A factorial design was used in the planning of experiments to evaluate the effect of operational factors (sorbent type, dose, mixing intensity and mixing time) in a mix-and-settling system. The purification efficiencies achieved in the system showed removal efficiencies as high as 80% for Ni and 68% for As, when a high dosage of natural peat was combined with high levels of mixing time and mixing intensity. Further statistical analysis showed that sorbent dose was the most influential factor affecting purification efficiency. Two small-scale horizontal filters were built (three compartments, sand-peat-sand) to evaluate the suitability of natural and modified peat as sorbent agents in such systems. High removal rates of selected metals was achieved, e.g., Ni with 98% and 96% of removal in the modified and natural peat filters respectively and As 87% removal by the natural peat filter. Removal efficiency at the end of test period was still satisfactory although it decrease treated water volume in both pilots (20–30%). Low hydraulic conductivity of peat makes the scaling-up of the filter system to a full- scale application non-viable, as the required retention times would be excessively high for this purpose. Overall peat proved to maintain its adsorption properties when applied to pilot-scale systems, with the mix-and-settling system showing to be a promising technology for the purification of mine influenced waters. Nevertheless, concerns such as the improper mixing of peat in the system and poor settling of particles need to be solved before full-scale application can become a reality.

Albrecht, Karl Oscar. "Development and testing of a combined catalyst/sorbent core-in-shell material for the production of high concentration hydrogen". [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

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Jones, Michael T. "The disposal of spilled oils and sorbent materials". Thesis, Springfield, Va. : : Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. University of Florida, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA393129.

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Ding, Kaijie. "Arsenite removal from contaminated water by different sorbent materials". Thesis, KTH, Hållbar utveckling, miljövetenskap och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-273970.

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Arsenic (As) contamination is a worldwide problem, and millions of people are suffering from it. There are two major inorganic forms of As in waters: arsenate(V) and arsenite(III), and adsorption to a sorbent material may be an efficient method to handle them. In this study, we focused on As(III), the more toxic form, which predominates under reducing conditions. The As(III) removal properties of four sorbent materials: hydrotalcite, Mg−Al layered double hydroxide, amorphous aluminium hydroxide and amorphous titanium oxide, are examined from the following viewpoints: As(III) adsorption, the effects of pH, the effects of adsorbent concentration, adsorption as a function of dissolved As(III), and the effect of co-existing anions (HCO3− and PO43−). The maximum adsorption of As(III) to HT (0.1 mmol As(III)/g adsorbent), Mg-Al LDH (0.1 mmol As(III)/g adsorbent), am-Al(OH)3 (0.22 mmol As(III)/g adsorbent), and am-TiO2 (0.21 mmol As(III)/g adsorbent) occurred at pH 7.5, 7, 7, 8, respectively. At this pH, approximately 20%, 62%, 35%, and 98.3%, respectively, of the added As(III) was adsorbed. When the As(III) to sorbent ratio was increased, the adsorption was instead around 7% to am-Al(OH)3 (2.2 mmol As(III)/g adsorbent), and 46.3% to am-TiO2 (2.1 mmol As(III)/g adsorbent). These figures show that am-TiO2is the most efficient sorbent for As(III) adsorption of the four materials tested, Mg-Al LDH is second best, while HT and am-Al(OH)3 are not suitable for As(III) removal. The adsorption of As(III) to Mg-Al LDH as a function of dissolved As(III) could be adequately described by a linear equation, suggesting that As(III) adsorption to Mg-Al LDH was governed by anion exchange. As a result, the co-existing anions (HCO3- and PO43-) showed a significant influence on As(III) adsorption to Mg-Al LDH. Considering the interfering effects of co-existing anions on am-TiO2, HCO3− did not influence As(III) adsorption, while PO43- caused a slight but clear competition effect. Overall, am-TiO2 would be the best choice of these four materials in contact with As-contaminated groundwater due to its superior As(III) removal properties and the limited competition from co-existing anions on As(III) adsorption.
Alltför höga halter av arsenik (As) i vatten är ett världsomspännande problem som orsakar hälsoproblem för miljontals människor. Det finns två huvudsakliga oorganiska former av As i vatten: arsenat(V) och arsenit(III), och adsorption till ett material (s.k. ”sorbent”) kan vara eneffektiv metod för att avlägsna dem från vatten. I denna studie fokuserade vi på arsenit(III), den mer giftiga formen, vilken dominerar under reducerande förhållanden. Vi undersökte adsorptionsegenskaperna för arsenit(III) för fyra sorbentmaterial som kan vara tänkbara när det gäller arsenikrening av förorenade vatten: hydrotalkit, s.k. Mg-Al LDH (Mg-Al-skiktad dubbelhydroxid), am-Al(OH)3 (amorf aluminiumhydroxid), och am-TiO2 (amorf titandioxid). Dessa material undersöktes när det gäller följande: adsorption av arsenit(III) som funktion av pH,betydelsen av sorbentkoncentration, adsorption som funktion av löst arsenit(III) (”isoterm”), och konkurrens från samexisterande anjoner (HCO3− och PO43−). Den maximala adsorptionen av As (III) till HT (0,1 mmol As(III)/g sorbent), Mg-Al LDH (0,1 mmol As(III)/g sorbent), am-Al(OH)3 (0,22 mmol As(III)/g sorbent) och am-TiO2(0,21 mmol As(III)/g sorbent) inträffade vid pH 7,5, 7, 7, respektive 8. Vid dessa pH-värden adsorberades ungefär 20%, 62%, 35% respektive 98,3% tillsatt As(III). När kvoten mellan As(III) till sorbent ökades blev adsorptionen istället cirka 7% till am-Al(OH)3 (2,2 mmol As(III)/g sorbent) och 46,3% till am-Ti02(2,1mmol As(III)/g sorbent). Dock var adsorptionsmängden per viktsenhetsorbenthögre över hela pH-området. Dessa siffror visar att am-TiO2 är det mest effektiva av de fyra testade materialen för As(III)-adsorption, Mg-Al LDH det näst bästa, medan HT och am-Al(OH)3 är olämpliga för detta ändamål. Adsorptionen av As(III) till Mg-Al LDH som funktion av löst As(III) kunde beskrivas väl med en linjär ekvation, vilket antyder att adsorptionen av As(III) till Mg-Al LDH styrdes av anjonbyte. I konsekvens med detta hade de samexisterande anjonerna (HCO3- och PO43-) ett betydande inflytande på As(III)-adsorptionen till Mg-Al LDH. För am-TiO2 påverkade HCO3− inte As(III)-adsorptionen, medan PO43- orsakade en liten men tydlig konkurrenseffekt. Sammantaget är am-TiO2 det bästa valet av dessa fyra material i kontakt med As- kontaminerat grundvatten på grund av dess betydligt bättre förmåga att avskilja arsenit(III) och den förhållandevis blygsamma konkurrensen från andra anjoner.

Brown, Veronica M. "Development of improved methods for the characterisation of organic chemicals emitted into indoor air by building and furnishing products". Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/8078.

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A wide range of organic compounds are released from building and furnishing products and these have the potential to adversely affect indoor air quality. There are growing international requirements for testing and controlling these emissions for the protection of public health. The test methods require specialist analytical chemistry facilities based on thermal desorption/gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (TD/GC/MS). This project has addressed the need for better performance and greater automation of the analysis, as well as development of simpler screening tests. A variety of products were tested using screening techniques, with an emission cell method being used as a reference test. Short duration tests, using a micro-scale chamber at slightly elevated temperature, were shown to have the potential to predict emissions occurring during longer term reference tests. Multi-sorbent air sampling tubes, that have the potential to extend the volatility range of compounds determined by a single TD/GC/MS analysis, were compared with Tenax TA tubes specified by current standard methods. This showed no difference in performance for the range of compounds for which Tenax is optimal, with improved performance for a number of more volatile compounds. The determination of formaldehyde was investigated using 2-hydroxymethylpiperidine as a derivatising agent, followed by TD/GC/MS. The results showed the possibility of this method being developed as an alternative to the current standard method that involves solvent elution and liquid chromatography. The performance of a newly developed time-of-flight mass spectrometer was compared with a standard quadrupole instrument. This showed its potential, with the use of re-collection, to extend the concentration range of compounds quantified from a single air sample, of particular benefit for the determination of carcinogens. New compound identification software was applied to increase automation of analysis of the TD/GC/MS data. Good correlation with manual processing was achieved, demonstrating the possibility of routine application to material emissions testing.

Carmody, Onuma. "Development and evaluation of hydrocarbon sorbent materials with the aid of chemometrics". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2006. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/37169/1/Onuma_Carmody_Thesis.pdf.

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Hydrocarbon spills on roads are a major safety concern for the driving public and can have severe cost impacts both on pavement maintenance and to the economy through disruption to services. The time taken to clean-up spills and re-open roads in a safe driving condition is an issue of increasing concern given traffic levels on major urban arterials. Thus, the primary aim of the research was to develop a sorbent material that facilitates rapid clean-up of road spills. The methodology involved extensive research into a range of materials (organic, inorganic and synthetic sorbents), comprehensive testing in the laboratory, scale-up and field, and product design (i.e. concept to prototype). The study also applied chemometrics to provide consistent, comparative methods of sorbent evaluation and performance. In addition, sorbent materials at every stage were compared against a commercial benchmark. For the first time, the impact of diesel on asphalt pavement has been quantified and assessed in a systematic way. Contrary to conventional thinking and anecdotal observations, the study determined that the action of diesel on asphalt was quite rapid (i.e. hours rather than weeks or months). This significant finding demonstrates the need to minimise the impact of hydrocarbon spills and the potential application of the sorbent option. To better understand the adsorption phenomenon, surface characterisation techniques were applied to selected sorbent materials (i.e. sand, organo-clay and cotton fibre). Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) and thermal analysis indicated that the main adsorption mechanism for the sorbents occurred on the external surface of the material in the diffusion region (sand and organo-clay) and/or capillaries (cotton fibre). Using environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), it was observed that adsorption by the interfibre capillaries contributed to the high uptake of hydrocarbons by the cotton fibre. Understanding the adsorption mechanism for these sorbents provided some guidance and scientific basis for the selection of materials. The study determined that non-woven cotton mats were ideal sorbent materials for clean-up of hydrocarbon spills. The prototype sorbent was found to perform significantly better than the commercial benchmark, displaying the following key properties: • superior hydrocarbon pick-up from the road pavement; • high hydrocarbon retention capacity under an applied load; • adequate field skid resistance post treatment; • functional and easy to use in the field (e.g. routine handling, transportation, application and recovery); • relatively inexpensive to produce due to the use of raw cotton fibre and simple production process; • environmentally friendly (e.g. renewable materials, non-toxic to environment and operators, and biodegradable); and • rapid response time (e.g. two minutes total clean-up time compared with thirty minutes for reference sorbents). The major outcomes of the research project include: a) development of a specifically designed sorbent material suitable for cleaning up hydrocarbon spills on roads; b) submission of patent application (serial number AU2005905850) for the prototype product; and c) preparation of Commercialisation Strategy to advance the sorbent product to the next phase (i.e. R&D to product commercialisation).

Soo, Haw Yun. "Commercialization of cryptomelane-type manganese oxide (OMS-2) nanowire paper oil sorbent". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42158.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 36).
Cryptomelane-type Manganese oxide (OMS-2, a group of Octahedral Molecular Sieves) nanowire paper exhibits interesting properties: reversible wettability, oleophilic while being hydrophobic, and high thermal stability. These properties open up possible markets for commercialization. This thesis reviews the market potential of each of these properties and explores the competitiveness of the nanowire paper in the proposed markets. The proposed values of this technology are in its high selective absorbency towards oil, high performance over cost metric and its high thermal stability. Its thermal stability enables a thermal desorption type process to regenerate and recycle the sorbent for reuse. This translates into further differentiation and provides greater value for the users.
by Haw Yun Soo.
M.Eng.

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Libros sobre el tema "Sorbent material":

Kaplan, Susan. Sorbent material for spills and other liquid pickups. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1991.

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Diederen, André Marcel. Countercurrent sorption equipment using transported open sorbent material. Delft, The Netherlands: Delft University Press, 1997.

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Susan, Kaplan y Business Communications Co, eds. Sorbent materials: Technical review. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1987.

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Willis, Thomas P. Sorbents properties, materials and applications. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Willis, Thomas P. Sorbents properties, materials and applications. Hauppauge NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Willis, Thomas P. Sorbents properties, materials and applications. Hauppauge NY: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

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Samonin, V. V. Sorbirui︠u︡shchie materialy, izdelii︠a︡, ustroĭstva i prot︠s︡essy upravli︠a︡emoĭ adsorbt︠s︡ii. Sankt-Peterburg: Nauka, 2009.

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Co, Business Communications, ed. Microporous materials industry review. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1996.

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Smith, Erika. Inorganic microporous adsorbent materials. Norwalk, CT: Business Communications Co., 1997.

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Zhao, Yufeng, Yong-Hyun Kim, S. B. Zhang y Michael J. Heben. Theory of hydrogen storage in nanoscale materials. Editado por A. V. Narlikar y Y. Y. Fu. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199533060.013.20.

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This article reviews the theory of hydrogen storage in nanoscale materials. It first describes the concept of hydrogen sorbent and an optimal type of hydrogen-storage material (HSM), in which hydrogen-HSM interaction is much weaker than the internal interactions in the HSMs. It then considers the mechanism of hydrogen-material interaction in terms of bonding between hydrogen and other elements through orbital hybridization, focusing on physisorption, chemisorptions through weak covalent bonds, non-classical dihydrogenbinding, and electrostatic-enhanced binding of H2 in HSMs. It also examines the internal interaction in the hydrogen sorbents as well as the required hydrogen-storageproperties and design principles of hydrogen sorbents.

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Kalmykova, Yuliya, Jesper Knutsson, Ann-Margret Strömvall y Kristina Hargelius. "Blast-Furnace Sludge as Sorbent Material for Multi-metal Contaminated Water". En Highway and Urban Environment, 307–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3043-6_33.

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Barbera, Marcella y Giovanni Gurnari. "Quality Standards for Recycled Water: Opuntia ficus-indica as Sorbent Material". En Wastewater Treatment and Reuse in the Food Industry, 29–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68442-0_4.

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Nikolaev, Anatoly I., Lidiya G. Gerasimova y Marina V. Maslova. "Sorbents from Mineral Raw Materials". En Minerals as Advanced Materials II, 81–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20018-2_8.

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Benaïssa, Houcine y Mohamed Meziani. "Removal of Cadmium(II) Ions from Synthetic Aqueous Solutions Using Maize Leaves as an Eco-Friendly Sorbent Material in Batch Mode: A Preliminary Study". En Recent Advances in Environmental Science from the Euro-Mediterranean and Surrounding Regions, 197–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70548-4_64.

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Jovančić, Petar y Maja Radetić. "Advanced Sorbent Materials for Treatment of Wastewaters". En The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, 239–64. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-79210-9_8.

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Zemanian, Thomas S., Glen E. Fryxell, Oleksey Ustyugov, Jerome C. Birnbaum y Yuehe Lin. "Synthesis of Nanostructured Sorbent Materials Using Supercritical Fluids". En ACS Symposium Series, 370–86. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2003-0860.ch024.

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Tarasov, B. P. "Hydrogen Sorbents Based on Fullerenes". En Hydrogen Materials Science and Chemistry of Metal Hydrides, 283–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0558-6_27.

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Minho, Lucas A. C., Eduard F. Valenzuela, Helvécio C. Menezesand y Zenilda L. Cardeal. "Trends in Nanostructured Sorbent Materials for Passive Sampling Applications". En Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials, 519–43. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7188-4_19.

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Matis, K. A., D. Zamboulis, A. I. Zouboulis y N. K. Lazaridis. "Goethite Mineral as a Sorbent for Heavy Metal Ions". En Natural Microporous Materials in Environmental Technology, 425–33. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4499-5_32.

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Boyd, S. A. y G. Sheng. "Contaminant Plume Management Utilising in Situ Organoclay Sorbent Zones". En Natural Microporous Materials in Environmental Technology, 71–83. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4499-5_5.

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Actas de conferencias sobre el tema "Sorbent material":

Patel, Parul C., James F. Zievers, Paul M. Eggerstedt y Elizabeth C. Zievers. "Simultaneous Hot Desulfurization and Improved Filtration in Coal Utilization Processes Using Waste Material". En ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-217.

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Ceramic candle filtration is one of the few technologies for high temperature particulate removal which can meet both gas turbine manufacturer’s inlet particulate requirements and U.S. Clean Air Act requirements. Similarly, advances made in sorbent technology, especially metal oxide sorbents, have resulted in effective sulfur emissions mitigation. Current use of metal oxide sorbents, however, has focused on, regenerable formulations which have excellent sulfur affinity but high physical attrition, resulting in poor overall economics. This paper suggests the use of spent metal oxide and calcium based materials for use in sulfur removal as an alternative to regenerable metal oxide sorbents. It becomes even more attractive when used in combination with ceramic candle filtration technology. When such sorbents are classified to a desired particle size and injected into a high temperature coal utilization process, such a “once-through” sorbent can effectively remove sulfur and simultaneously increase the permeability of dust collected at a downstream ceramic filter station, in a highly cost effective manner.

Neves, Fernanda Dias. "Nanocomposites with polyurethane/particulate material polymer matrix". En I Seven International Engineering Congress. Seven Congress, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniengineering-053.

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The environment is currently considered one of the main concerns of the industrial sector and society. In the particular case of the oil industry, one of the biggest environmental catastrophes that can happen are large oil spills, where to reduce or minimize the environmental damage caused, various cleaning methods are used. Thus, nanocomposites aim to change the mechanical, physical and chemical properties of polymer matrices. The main focus of modifying Polyurethanes has been directed to materials science, the objective of which is to obtain particulate materials, allowing surfaces to be differentiated, reducing surface energy and increasing interlayer spacing for polymer intercalation. This particulate material, produced and modified, interspersed with the Polymer, allows us to absorb crude oil, as it is hydrophobic and, consequently, organophilic. The factors that define the degree of sorption of organic compounds are: hydrophobicity, porosity, molecular structure and volume, and the volume of the surface area of the sorbent material. Therefore, the sorbent must be wettable by the hydrophobic compound and not wettable or slightly wettable by water. Sorbent materials must have characteristics such as a large surface area, high porosity, good oleophilic character, as well as good oil retention capacity and ease of application. Polyurethane presents several of these characteristics, making it an interesting sorbent for the oil sector. The present work studies the obtaining of these nanocomposites, using a particulate material to combat leaks or spills of hydrocarbons.

Day, Chr. "A Novel Sorbent Material Test Device at Variable Cryogenic Temperatures". En ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING: Transactions of the International Cryogenic Materials Conference - ICMC. AIP, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1774554.

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Toteva, Vesislava y Desislava Staneva. "Preparation and Application of Composite Material as Sorbent for Oil Spills". En 2020 III International Conference on High Technology for Sustainable Development (HiTech). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hitech51434.2020.9363979.

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Zimmerman, A., C. Tissera, E. Tatli, N. Clark, R. Atkinson, G. Thompson y R. Turton. "System Model for Selective NOx Recirculation (SNR) to be Used in Stationary Lean-Burn Natural Gas Engines". En ASME 2006 Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icef2006-1542.

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A model for a possible system to implement Selective NOx Recirculation (SNR) technology for stationary lean-burn natural gas engines was developed. SNR is a NOx (NOx includes the various oxides of nitrogen found in an exhaust stream) removal after-treatment technology with four phases; cooling the hot exhaust gas, NOx adsorption onto a sorbent material, periodic NOx desorption using heat, and NOx decomposition within the combustion process. This paper presents the model, summarizes the research used to develop the model, and presents model output. NOx decomposition in the combustion process was investigated by injecting nitric oxide (NO) into the intake of a Cummins L10G natural gas fueled spark-ignited engine (210 kW at 2100 rpm). Experimental campaigns were conducted during lean-burn and rich-burn operation to quantify in-cylinder NOx decomposition. Data previously published suggest that rich burn is essential for adequate NOx decomposition and that lean burn was ineffective. The NOx adsorption/desorption characteristics of the sorbent material were quantified using a bench top adsorption system equipped with four thermocouples, an in-line heater, a mass flow controller and a Rosemont Analytical NOx analyzer. The sorbent chamber was filled with activated carbon sorbent material. Extensive testing of the adsorption characteristics using 500 ppm NO (balance nitrogen) from a pressure tank yielded a mass percent of .0005 NO to carbon. These results suggested that unacceptably large adsorbers would be needed in industrial applications. However, further measurement using real exhaust showed a loading of 0.65 mass percent of NO to carbon. The presence of oxygen and water are implicated in this improved adsorption. This scaled system considered the heating rates (for desorption) and cooling rates (for adsorption) for the bed at the time when desorption and adsorption processes were initiated. An adsorption/desorption model that considered gas temperature and heat and mass transfer was formulated based on these data. A simplified linear driving force model was developed to predict NOx adsorption into the sorbent material as cooled exhaust passed over fresh sorbent material.

Montagnaro, Fabio, Fabrizio Scala, Fabio Pallonetto y Piero Salatino. "Steam Reactivation of FB Spent Sorbent for Enhanced SO2 Capture: The Relationship Between Microstructural Properties and Sulphur Uptake". En 18th International Conference on Fluidized Bed Combustion. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fbc2005-78108.

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This paper addresses the regeneration of the sulphur capture ability of FB spent SO2 sorbent particles by steam hydration. The process was characterized in terms of hydration degree, particle sulphation pattern, development of accessible porosity and extent of particle fragmentation. Steam reactivation experiments were carried out in a lab-scale fluidized bed reactor at 250°C for 10 and 30 minutes, and 3h. The sorbent particle size range was 0.4–0.6mm, and the bed was fluidized at 0.2m/s with a steam-N2 mixture. The effectiveness of sorbent reactivation was assessed by reinjecting the reactivated material into the FB reactor (fluidized at 0.8m/s) operated at 850°C under simulated desulphurization conditions (the fluidizing gas consisted of a SO2-O2-N2 mixture), and following the degree of calcium conversion and the attrition rate along with resulphation. The experimental results indicated that steam reactivation is effective in renewing the SO2 uptake ability of the exhausted sorbent particles. Moreover steam reactivation induces, in the samples investigated, a strong sulphur redistribution throughout the particle cross-section, which contributes to the enhancement of the sulphur capture ability of the reactivated sorbent.

Montoro Leal, Pablo, Juan Carlos García Mesa, María Mar López Guerrero y Elisa Isabel Vereda Alonso. "SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A NEW MAGNETIC MATERIAL JOIN TO GRAPHENE OXIDE AS SORBENT". En 49th International Academic Conference, Dubrovnik. International Institute of Social and Economic Sciences, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.20472/iac.2019.049.031.

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Altun, N. Emre. "Marble Wastes as a Calcareous Sorbent for SO2 Control in Thermal Power Plants". En The 5th World Congress on Mechanical, Chemical, and Material Engineering. Avestia Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.11159/mmme19.144.

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Ullah, Aman, Dries Vandamme y Tariq Siddique. "Protein based biopolymers as sorbents for treatment of industrial wastewater". En 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/vcxu4079.

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The industrial waste water produced during the extraction or refining of natural resources is highly contaminated with organic and inorganic contents, which requires a complex and expensive treatment. Therefore, water contamination and its treatment has become a global issue of concern. Particularly oil sands operations consume large amounts of water in bitumen extraction process. Our study involves the use of chemically modified keratin protein (poultry feathers) as a sorbent for treating waste water. Poultry feathers, abundant waste material and huge source of keratin (over 91% keratin biopolymer), have tremendous potential for producing biopolymers for large-scale applications. The overall goal of our research is to provide industry with a sorbent material that is both effective as well as economically viable for industrial scale wastewater treatment. Different modified biopolymers were used as sorbents to treat oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) to sorb metals and naphthenic acids present in wastewater. The modified biopolymers were tested against OSPW maintained at ionic strength of 0.05 and spiked with up to 50 ppb of 9 trace elements (SeIV, Cu, Zn, AsIII, Pb, Ni, VV, CrVI, and Co). The OSPW solutions were treated with 1% biopolymers for 24 hours followed by centrifugation and analysis using ICP-MS and FTIR spectroscopy. of the biosorbents showed high sorption capacity for both type of contaminants (naphthenic acid and metals). The results demonstrated that through proper tuning of functionalities, the biopolymers can be highly effective for sorption of trace metals and naphthenic acids. The high sorption capacity, cheap bioresource, and simplicity of the modifications suggest that there is great potential for an industrial scale viability of the process.

Kellems, Barry L., Philip Spadaro, Roger McGinnis, Joe Morrice y Mary Lear. "Design of Sorbent Cap for Control of Seepage and Sequestration of Coal-Tar NAPL and PAHS". En Third Specialty Conference on Dredging and Dredged Material Disposal. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40680(2003)55.

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Informes sobre el tema "Sorbent material":

Kennedy, Alan, Mark Ballentine, Andrew McQueen, Christopher Griggs, Arit Das y Michael Bortner. Environmental applications of 3D printing polymer composites for dredging operations. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), enero de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39341.

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This Dredging Operations Environmental Research (DOER) technical note disseminates novel methods to monitor and reduce contaminant mobility and bioavailability in water, sediments, and soils. These method advancements are enabled by additive manufacturing (i.e., three-dimensional [3D] printing) to deploy and retrieve materials that adsorb contaminants that are traditionally applied as unbound powders. Examples of sorbents added as amendments for remediation of contaminated sediments include activated carbon, biochar, biopolymers, zeolite, and sand caps. Figure 1 provides examples of sorbent and photocatalytic particles successfully compounded and 3D printed using polylactic acid as a binder. Additional adsorptive materials may be applicable and photocatalytic materials (Friedmann et al. 2019) may be applied to degrade contaminants of concern into less hazardous forms. This technical note further describes opportunities for U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) project managers and the water and sediment resource management community to apply 3D printing of polymers containing adsorptive filler materials as a prototyping tool and as an on-site, on-demand manufacturing capability to remediate and monitor contaminants in the environment. This research was funded by DOER project 19-13, titled “3D Printed Design for Remediation and Monitoring of Dredged Material.”

Chefetz, Benny y Baoshan Xing. Sorption of hydrophobic pesticides to aliphatic components of soil organic matter. United States Department of Agriculture, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7587241.bard.

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Sorption of hydrophobic compounds to aliphatic components of soil organic matter (SOM) is poorly understood even though these aliphatic carbons are a major fraction of SOM. The main source of aliphatic compounds in SOM is above- and below-ground plant cuticular materials (cutin, cutan and suberin). As decomposition proceeds, these aliphatic moieties tend to accumulate in soils. Therefore, if we consider that cuticular material contributes significantly to SOM, we can hypothesize that the cuticular materials play an important role in the sorption processes of hydrophobic compounds (including pesticides) in soils, which has not yet been studied. The overall goal of this research was to illustrate the mechanism and significance of the refractory aliphatic structures of SOM in sorbing hydrophobic compounds (nonionic and weakly polar pesticides). The importance of this study is related to our ability to demonstrate the sorption relationship between key pesticides and an important fraction of SOM. The specific objectives of the project were: (1) To isolate and characterize cuticular fractions from selected plants; (2) To investigate the sorption mechanism of key hydrophobic pesticides and model compounds to cuticular plant materials; (3) To examine the sorption mechanisms at the molecular level using spectroscopic techniques; (4) To investigate the sorption of key hydrophobic pesticides to synthetic polymers; (5) To evaluate the content of cuticular materials in agricultural soils; and (6) To study the effect of incubation of plant cuticular materials in soils on their sorptive capabilities. This project demonstrates the markedly high sorption capacity of various plant cuticular fractions for hydrophobic organic compounds (HOCs) and polar organic pollutants. Both cutin (the main polymer of the cuticle) and cutan biopolymers exhibit high sorption capability even though both sorbents are highly aliphatic in nature. Sorption by plant cuticular matter occurs via hydrophobic interactions and H-bonding interactions with polar sorbates. The cutin biopolymer seems to facilitate reversible and noncompetitive sorption, probably due to its rubbery nature. On the other hand, the epicuticular waxes facilitate enhance desorption in a bi-solute system. These processes are possibly related to phase transition (melting) of the waxes that occur in the presence of high solute loading. Moreover, our data highlight the significance of polarity and accessibility of organic matter in the uptake of nonpolar and polar organic pollutants by regulating the compatibility of sorbate to sorbent. In summary, our data collected in the BARD project suggest that both cutin and cutan play important roles in the sorption of HOCs in soils; however, with decomposition the more condensed structure of the cutin and mainly the cutan biopolymer dominated sorption to the cuticle residues. Since cutin and cutan have been identified as part of SOM and humic substances, it is suggested that retention of HOCs in soils is also controlled by these aliphatic domains and not only by the aromaticrich fractions of SOM.

Dowdy, T. E., J. J. Lee, J. M. Henry, J. R. Smith, X. Q. Qian y R. J. Schulz. Direct sorbent injection for combined SO/sub 2//NO/sub x/ removal: Final report, Volume 2: Supplementary material. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6353330.

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Lucia, Lucian A., Dimitri S. Argyropoulos y Sanghamitra Sen. Feasibility Study for the Use of Green, Bio-Based, Efficient Reactive Sorbent Material to Neutralize Chemical Warfare Agents. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, agosto de 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582167.

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Dowdy, T. E., J. J. Lee, J. M. Henry, J. R. Smith, X. Q. Qian y R. J. Schulz. Direct sorbent injection for combined SO/sub 2//NO/sub x/ removal: Final report, Volume 1: Text material. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6208331.

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Serkiz, S. M. F- and H-Area Seepage Basins Water Treatment System Process Optimization and Alternative Chemistry Ion Exchange/Sorbent Material Screening Clearwell Overflow Study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), agosto de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/761639.

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Sullivan, Michael, Ronald Patun y Garry O. Kosteck. Use of Sorbent Materials for Treating Hazardous Waste. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzo de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada607439.

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Baumann, T. Metal-Organic Frameworks: Literature Survey and Recommendation of Potential Sorbent Materials. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), abril de 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1012427.

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Jain, Ravi y Norberto Lemcoff. Transformational Sorbent Materials for a Substantial Reduction in the Energy Requirement for Direct Air Capture of CO2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2315076.

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Mote, J. D., P. Eucker y W. Zillman. Characterization and fundamental studies on CuO sorbent materials to determine attrition mechanisms on substrate gamma alumina: Technical progress report No. 9, September 23, 1988--December 23, 1988. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), enero de 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6012728.

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