Tesis sobre el tema "Solid oxide electrolysi"
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Ni, Meng y 倪萌. "Mathematical modeling of solid oxide steam electrolyzer for hydrogen production". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B39011409.
Texto completoEccleston, Kelcey L. "Solid oxide steam electrolysis for high temperature hydrogen production". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/322.
Texto completoAnelli, Simone. "Advanced strategies for Solid Oxide Electrolysis cells". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/671683.
Texto completoActualmente, la transición energética hacia un escenario bajo en carbono está impulsando la instalación global de fuentes de energía renovables, su despliegue por encima del 40%, implicará el uso de sistemas eficientes de almacenamiento de energía. Las rutas de hidrógeno verde y power to gas se presentan como la mejor alternativa para este almacenamiento. En este marco, las celdas de electrólisis de óxido sólido (SOEC), que producen hidrógeno y gas de síntesis (H2 + CO) a partir de la electrólisis del agua o la co-electrólisis del agua y el dióxido de carbono, son los electrolizadores más eficientes. Las SOEC poseen altas tasas de conversión de energía (≈80%) otorgadas por el rango de temperatura de operación (600-900 ° C). Sin embargo, uno de los principales inconvenientes de las SOEC está relacionado con las técnicas de fabricación, que implican muchos pasos para producir dispositivos completos. Además, sus prestaciones y durabilidad aún se están investigando para aumentar la madurez de la tecnología y penetrar en el mercado compitiendo con otras tecnologías de electrólisis que muestran menores eficiencias. La presente tesis está dedicada a la exploración de nuevos conceptos de SOEC. Para ello, se consideran tres aspectos, que son: i) utilización de técnicas de fabricación aditiva para la fabricación replicable, automática y sintonizable de dispositivos energéticos; ii) síntesis de nanocompuestos mesoporosos en el electrodo de oxígeno para mejorar el rendimiento general y la durabilidad del dispositivo SOEC; y finalmente iii) la producción de gas de síntesis por co-electrólisis y oxidación parcial de metano (POM) con los dispositivos desarrollados. Robocasting e Inkjet Printing se utilizaron para la fabricación de celdas simétricas impresas por tecnología híbridas de impresión 3D, co-sinterizadas a altas temperaturas y probadas electroquímicamente. Se ha demostrado la viabilidad de estas dos técnicas para la fabricación de dispositivos cerámicos. Se ha sintetizado ceria dopada mesoporosa (CGO) utilizada como soporte para electrodos de oxígeno nanocompuestos. Para ello se propone una ruta optimizada para mejorar la actividad catalítica de los electrodos de base mesoporosa y para reducir la temperatura de sinterización manteniendo su nanoestructura. La mejora del rendimiento de los dispositivos SOEC aplicando las rutas de síntesis y fabricación desarrolladas se demuestra por los excelentes resultados conseguidos, sin precedentes para este tipo de SOEC. El rendimiento de dispositivos completos con electrodos de oxígeno mesoporosos se probó a altas temperaturas. El soporte nanoestructurado optimizado ha sido probado en una celda botón (diámetro = 2 cm) mostrando excelentes rendimientos observados en condiciones de COSOEC y SOFC. También se depositó CGO mesoporoso en celdas de área grande (25 cm2) para demostrar la escalabilidad del material. Ambos dispositivos se sometieron a una prueba de durabilidad, que mostró tasas de degradación en línea con la literatura más avanzada. Finalmente, se muestra la prueba de conceptos sobre la oxidación parcial de metano (POM) asistida electroquímicamente. Se produjo y probó un SOEC con CGO infiltrado por catalizadores de Ni y Cu como dispositivo POM. Se usó metano en el electrodo Ni-Cu-CGO como combustible. El oxígeno producido por la reacción de electrólisis del agua en el electrodo Ni-YSZ se utilizó para producir gas de síntesis a partir de CH4 en un proceso catalítico asistido electroquímicamente. Los principios de funcionamiento del experimento se demostraron con éxito. Como resumen, el presente documento trata de la optimización de dispositivos electroquímicos innovadores de alta eficiencia como las SOEC, dando un nuevo paso más allá del estado del arte en las tecnologías de producción de hidrógeno debido a la combinación de rutas de fabricación innovadores, como la fabricación aditiva con materiales cerámicos de funcionalidades avanzadas como los mesoporosos.
Nowadays, the energy transition to a low carbon scenario is promoting the global installation of renewable energy sources, its deployment above 40% will need the use of efficient energy storage systems for covering the demand. Green hydrogen and power to gas routes has arisen as the best alternative for this storage while connecting the electric and gas grids. In this frame, Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells (SOECs), which produce hydrogen and syngas (H2+CO) from the electrolysis of water or the co-electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide, are the most efficient electrolysers for energy storage. SOECs possess high energy conversion rates (≈80 %) granted by the operation temperature range (600-900 °C). However, one of SOECs’ main drawbacks is related to the manufacturing techniques, which involves many steps to produce complete devices. Furthermore, their performances and durability are still being investigated to increase the maturity of the technology and penetrate to the market competing with other electrolysis technologies that show lower efficiencies. The present thesis is dedicated to the exploration of new concepts of SOECs. For this, three aspects are considered, which are: i) utilization of additive manufacturing (AM) techniques for reliable, automatic and tuneable fabrication of energy devices; ii) synthesis of mesoporous nanocomposites at the oxygen electrode to improve the general performances and durability of SOEC device; an finally iii) the production of syngas by co-electrolysis and partial oxidation of methane (POM) with the developed devices. Robocasting (RC) and Inkjet Printing (IJP) were used for the fabrication of hybrid 3D printed symmetrical cells, which were co-sintered at high temperatures and electrochemically tested. The feasibility of these two combined techniques for the fabrication of ceramic devices was demonstrated. Mesoporous doped ceria (CGO) was synthesized and used as a scaffold for nanocomposite oxygen electrodes. An optimized route to improve the catalytic activity of the mesoporous based electrodes and to reduce the sintering temperature to maintain their nanostructure, is proposed after the study of their effects on the material. The improvement of the SOEC devices performance applying the developed synthesis and fabrication routes is demonstrated by the achievement of unprecedented results for this type of SOEC. The performance of complete devices with mesoporous oxygen electrodes was tested at high temperatures. The optimized scaffold tested on a button test cell (diameter =2 cm) promoted the commented outstanding performances in both co-electrolysis and fuel cell conditions. Mesoporous CGO was also deposited on large area cells (25 cm2) to demonstrate the scalability of the material, for devices of commercial interest. Both devices underwent a durability test, showing degradation rates in line with state-of-the-art literature. Finally, the proof of concepts about electrochemically assisted partial oxidation of methane (POM) is shown. A SOEC with CGO scaffold infiltrated by Ni and Cu catalysers was produced and tested as POM device. Methane was supplied at the Ni-Cu-CGO electrode as fuel. The oxygen produced by the water electrolysis reaction at the Ni-YSZ electrode was used to produce syngas from CH4 on an electrochemical assisted catalytic process. The working principles of the experiment were successfully demonstrated opening a new research line. As a summary the present document deals with the optimization of innovative high efficient electrochemical devices as SOEC, bringing a new step beyond the state of the art on the hydrogen production technologies due to the combination of innovative fabrication routes such as the additive manufacturing with advanced functional ceramic materials like mesoporous.
Hauch, Anne. "Solid oxide electrolysis cells : performance and durability /". Risø National Laboratory, 2007. http://www.risoe.dk/rispubl/reports/ris-phd-37.pdf.
Texto completoIacomini, Christine Schroeder. "Combined carbon dioxide/water solid oxide electrolysis". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290073.
Texto completoYang, Xuedi. "Cathode development for solid oxide electrolysis cells for high temperature hydrogen production". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/979.
Texto completoNelson, George Joseph. "Solid Oxide Cell Constriction Resistance Effects". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/10563.
Texto completoFawcett, Lydia. "Electrochemical performance and compatibility of La2NiO4+δ electrode material with La0.8Sr0.2Ga0.8Mg0.2O3-δ electrolyte for solid oxide electrolysis". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/24667.
Texto completoHernández, Rodríguez Elba María. "Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells electrodes based on mesoporous materials". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665269.
Texto completoUna de las principales desventajas de las fuentes de energías renovables es que producen energía eléctrica de forma discontinua. Los electrolizadores de alta temperatura basados en óxidos sólidos (SOEC) se presentan como una tecnología prometedora para el almacenamiento de energía eléctrica. Alcanzando eficiencias mayores de un 85%, los electrolizadores SOEC permite convertir energía eléctrica en energía química mediante la reducción de las moléculas de agua (H2O), dióxido de carbono (CO2), o la combinación de ambas; generándose hidrógeno (H2), monóxido de carbono (CO) o gas de síntesis (H2 +CO) como producto. El trabajo que se presenta en esta tesis tiene como objetico mejorar el rendimiento de los electrolizadores SOEC mediante la utilización de óxidos metálicos mesoporosos, caracterizados por poseer alta área superficial y ser estables a altas temperaturas. Esta tesis está organizada en ocho capítulos. Los capítulos 3, 4, 5, 6 y 7 presentan los resultados alcanzados: El capítulo 3 presenta la caracterización estructural de los materiales mesoporosos y de los electrodos fabricados. Además, la temperatura de adhesión del material mesoporoso ha sido optimizada y se ha fijado a 900 °C. El capítulo 4 compara electrolizadores fabricados soportados por el electrodo de combustible y por el electrolito. Los resultados muestran que las densidades de corriente más altas fueron inyectadas en los electrolizadores soportados por el electrodo de combustible, considerándose esta configuración la más apropiada. El capítulo 5 presenta la influencia de la microstructura de la intercara del electrodo de oxígeno en el rendimiento de los electrolizadores SOEC. La caracterización electroquímica, apoyada por la caracterización microestructural, ha demostrado que la máxima densidad de corriente ha sido inyectada por el electrolizador cuya barrera de difusión ha sido depositado por láser pulsado (PLD) y la capa funcional del electrodo de oxígeno mediante infiltración de materiales mesoporosos. El capítulo 6 estudia el electrodo de oxígeno optimizado. Durante 1400 h de operación continua y caracterización microstructural, se ha demostrado la estabilidad de este electrodo. Por último, el capítulo 7 muestra los resultados obtenidos del escalado de los electrodos mesoporosos en celdas de mayor área (25 cm2). La caracterización electroquímica muestra alta flexibilidad ante las composiciones de gases utilizadas, y estabilidad de los electrodos mesoporosos propuestos.
Eccleston, Kelcey Lynne. "Solid oxide steam electrolysis for high temperature hydrogen production /". St Andrews, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/322.
Texto completoShin, J. Felix. "New electrolyte materials for solid oxide fuel cells". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7607/.
Texto completoWatton, James Peter William. "Performance and degradation of solid oxide cells for steam electrolysis". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7396/.
Texto completoLowrie, Fiona Louise. "Mechanical properties of a solid oxide fuel cell electrolyte". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8664.
Texto completoChien, Chang-Yin. "Methane and Solid Carbon Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1299670407.
Texto completoNi, Meng. "Mathematical modeling of solid oxide steam electrolyzer for hydrogen production". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B39011409.
Texto completoKinney, Chris 1982. "Water modeling the solid oxide membrane electrolysis with rotating cathode process". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/32729.
Texto completoVita.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 35).
The Kroll process for refining titanium is an expensive batch process which produces a final product that still requires intensive post processing to create usable titanium. A new process, Solid Oxide Membrane Electrolysis with Rotating Cathode (SOMERC) process is being explored. The SOMERC process is a continuous process that could produce large quantities of high quality titanium at a fraction of the cost of the Kroll process. This paper examines the fluid flow around the ingot in the SOMERC Process. A large shear between the ingot and surrounding fluid will create a fully-dense ingot instead of dendrites, because dendrites are undesirable. Using a camera, a plane of light and titanium dioxide particles, videos and pictures of the water were taken and analyzed to find how to create a large amount of shear between the ingot and the fluid. Out of the speeds tested, a rotation rate of 900Ê»/s for the ingot proved to create the most shear, and therefore the shear between the ingot and fluid increases with increasing rotation rate, making it more likely to suppress the formation of dendrites.
by Chris Kinney.
S.B.
Nwosu, Nkem O. E. "Optimisation of electroless co-deposited solid oxide fuel cell electrodes". Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2013. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/6448.
Texto completoUdagawa, Jun. "Hydrogen production through steam electrolysis : model-based evaluation of an intermediate temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8310.
Texto completoVandana, Singh. "Development of High Performance Electrodes for High Temperature Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/215556.
Texto completoYue, Xiangling. "The development of alternative cathodes for high temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6531.
Texto completoTao, Gege. "Investigation of carbon dioxide electrolysis reaction kinetics in a solid oxide electrolyzer". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289913.
Texto completoGratz, Eric. "Solid oxide membrane (SOM) stability in molten ionic flux for the direct electrolysis of magnesium oxide". Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12766.
Texto completoDirect electrolysis of magnesmm from its oxide is less expensive and more environmentally friendly than current methods of magnesium production. The solid oxide membrane (SOM) process is a viable method for production of magnesium via direct electrolysis. In the SOM process magnesium oxide is dissolved in a molten flux, which acts as a supporting electrolyte. A yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) membrane is immersed in the flux and separates the anode from the cathode. When an electrical potential is applied between electrodes, magnesium cations travel through the flux to a steel cathode where they are reduced. Simultaneously, oxygen anions travel through the YSZ to a liquid metal anode where they are oxidized. However, in order for the SOM process to be commercially successful it must run for thousands of hours at high current efficiencies. It is believed the degradation of the YSZ membrane determines the lifetime and operating costs of the SOM process. This study investigates the mechanisms of YSZ membrane degradation. There are two main pathways of YSZ degradation: 1) yttria (yttrium oxide) diffusion out of the membrane, and 2) electronic conductivity in the flux providing a pathway for the applied potential to reduce the YSZ membrane. It is shown through diffusion experiments that the loss of yttria from the membrane into the oxy-fluoride flux can be prevented by adding yttrium fluoride to the flux, so that the activity of yttria in the flux is equal to the activity of yttria in the membrane. The electronic conductivity then becomes the primary source of membrane degradation in the SOM process. Electronic conductivity lowers the current efficiency of the SOM process. It is shown through measurements that the electronic conductivity is reduced by lowering the magnesium solubility in the flux. This is accomplished by performing SOM electrolysis at a reduced pressure (<0.1 atm). When SOM electrolysis of magnesium oxide is carried out at reduced pressure, the membrane is not degraded and the current efficiency is high (>70%). Thus tlus process provides a basis for a successful commercial operation for the direct electrolysis of magnesium oxide.
Ma, Ying. "Ceria-based nanocomposite electrolyte for low-temperature solid oxide fuel cells". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Material Physics, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-11626.
Texto completoSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) have attracted much attention because of their potential of providing an efficient, environmentally benign, and fuel-flexible power generation system for both small power units and for large scale power plants. However, conventional SOFCs with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte require high operation temperature (800-1000°C), which presents material degradation problems, as well as other technological complications and economic obstacles. Therefore, numerous efforts have been made to lower the operating temperature of SOFCs. The discovery of new electrolytes for low-temperature SOFCs (LTSOFCs) is a grand challenge for the SOFC community.
Nanostructured materials have attracted great interest for many different applications, due to their unusual or enhanced properties compared with bulk materials. As an example of enhanced property of nanomaterials, the enhancement of ionic conductivity in the nanostructured solid conductors, known as “nanoionics”, recently become one of the hottest fields of research related to nanomaterials, since they can be used in advanced energy conversion and storage applications, such as SOFC. So in this thesis, we are aiming at developing a novel nanocomposite approach to design and fabricate ceria-based composite electrolytes for LTSOFC. We studied two ceria-based nanocomposite systems with different SDC morphologies.
In the first part of the thesis, novel core-shell SDC/amorphous Na2CO3 nanocomposite was fabricated for the first time. The core-shell nanocomposite particles are smaller than 100 nm with amorphous Na2CO3 shell of 4~6 nm in thickness. The nanocomposite electrolyte shows superionic conductivity above 300 °C, where the conductivity reaches over 0.1 S cm-1. The thermal stability of such nanocomposite has also been studied based on careful XRD, BET, SEM and TGA characterization after annealing samples at various temperatures, which indicated that the SDC/Na2CO3 nanocomposite possesses better thermal stability on nanostructure than pure SDC. Such nanocomposite was applied in LTSOFCs with an excellent performance of 0.8 W cm-2 at 550 °C. The high performances together with notable thermal stability make the SDC/Na2CO3 nanocomposite as a potential electrolyte material for long-term SOFCs that operate at 500-600 °C.
In the second part of the thesis, we report a novel chemical synthetic route for the synthesis of samarium doped ceria (SDC) nanowires by homogeneous precipitation of lanthanide citrate complex in aqueous solutions as precursor followed by calcination. The method is template-, surfactant-free and can produce large quantities at low costs. To stabilize these SDC nanowires at high operation temperature, we employed the concept of “nanocomposite” by adding a secondary phase of Na2CO3, as inclusion which effectively hindered the grain growth of nanostructures. The SDC nanowires/Na2CO3 composite was compacted and sintered together with electrode materials, and was then tested for SOFCs performance. It is demonstrated that SOFCs using such SDC nanowires/Na2CO3 composite as electrolyte exhibited better performance compared with state-of-the-art SOFCs using conventional bulk ceria-based materials as electrolytes.
Wang, Xiaodi. "Ionic Conducting Composite as Electrolyte forLow Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Functional Materials, FNM, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-24723.
Texto completoSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are considered as one of the most promising powergeneration technologies due to their high energy conversion efficiency, fuel flexibilityand reduced pollution. The current SOFCs with yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ)electrolyte require high operation temperature (800-1000 °C), which not only hinderstheir broad commercialization due to associated high cost and technologicalcomplications. Therefore, there is a broad interest in reducing the operating temperatureof SOFCs. The key to development of low-temperature SOFCs (LTSOFCs) is to explorenew electrolyte materials with high ionic conductivity at such low temperature (300-600 °C).Recently, ceria-based composite electrolyte, consisting of doped cerium oxide mixedwith a second phase (e.g. Na2CO3), has been investigated as a promising electrolyte forLTSOFCs. The ceria-based composite electrolyte has shown a high ionic conductivityand improved fuel cell performance below 600 °C. However, at present the developmentof composite electrolyte materials and their application in LTSOFCs are still at an initialstage. This thesis aims at exploring new composite systems for LTSOFCs with superiorproperties, and investigates conductivity behavior of the electrolyte. Two compositesystems for SOFCs have been studied in the thesis.In the first system, a novel concept of non-ceria-salt-composites electrolyte, LiAlO2-carbonate (Li2CO3-Na2CO3) composite electrolyte, was investigated for SOFCs. TheLiAlO2-carbonate electrolyte exhibited good conductivity and excellent fuel cellperformances below 650 oC. The ion transport mechanism of the LiAlO2-carbonatecomposite electrolyte was studied. The results indicated that the high ionic conductivityrelates to the interface effect between oxide and carbonate.In the second system, we reported a novel core-shell samarium-doped ceria(SDC)/Na2CO3 nanocomposite which is proposed for the first time, since the interface isdominant in the nanostructured composite materials. The core-shell nanocompositeparticles are smaller than 100 nm with amorphous Na2CO3 shell. The nanocompositeelectrolyte was applied in LTSOFCs and showed excellent performance. Theconductivity behavior and charge carriers have been studied. The results indicated that H+conductivity in SDC/Na2CO3 nanocomposite is predominant over O2- conductivity with1-2 orders of magnitude in the temperature range of 200-600 °C. It is suggested that theinterface in composite electrolyte supplies high conductive path for proton, while oxygenions are most probably transported by the SDC nano grain interiors. Finally, a tentativemodel “swing mechanism” was proposed for explanation of superior proton conduction.
QC 20100930
Aman, Amjad. "Numerical Simulation of Electrolyte-Supported Planar Button Solid Oxide Fuel Cell". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5101.
Texto completoID: 031001387; System requirements: World Wide Web browser and PDF reader.; Mode of access: World Wide Web.; Adviser: .; Title from PDF title page (viewed May 22, 2013).; Thesis (M.S.M.E.)--University of Central Florida, 2012.; Includes bibliographical references (p. 101-107).
M.S.M.E.
Masters
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
Engineering and Computer Science
Mechanical Engineering; Thermofluids
Keenan, Philip J. "Synthesis of electrolyte and electrode materials for solid oxide fuel cells". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7162/.
Texto completoWang, Xiaodi. "Dual-ion Conducting Nanocompoiste for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cell". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Funktionella material, FNM, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-95652.
Texto completoQC 20120529
Guan, Xiaofei. "Novel process for recycling magnesium alloy employing refining and solid oxide membrane electrolysis". Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/11005.
Texto completoMagnesium is the least dense engineering metal, with an excellent stiffness-to-weight ratio. Magnesium recycling is important for both economic and environmental reasons. This project demonstrates feasibility of a new environmentally friendly process for recycling partially oxidized magnesium scrap to produce very pure magnesium at low cost. It combines refining and solid oxide membrane (SOM) based oxide electrolysis in the same reactor. Magnesium and its oxide are dissolved in a molten flux. This is followed by argon-assisted evaporation of dissolved magnesium, which is subsequently condensed in a separate condenser. The molten flux acts as a selective medium for magnesium dissolution, but not aluminum or iron, and therefore the magnesium collected has high purity. Potentiodynamic scans are performed to monitor the magnesium content change in the scrap as well as in solution in the flux. The SOM electrolysis is employed in the refining system to enable electrolysis of the magnesium oxide dissolved in the flux from the partially oxidized scrap. During the SOM electrolysis, oxygen anions are transported out of the flux through a yttria stabilized zirconia membrane to a liquid silver anode where they are oxidized. Simultaneously, magnesium cations are transported through the flux to a steel cathode where they are reduced. The combination of refining and SOM electrolysis yields close to 100% removal of magnesium metal from partially oxidized magnesium scrap. The magnesium recovered has a purity of 99.6w%. To produce pure oxygen it is critical to develop an inert anode current collector for use with the non-consumable liquid silver anode. In this work, an innovative inert anode current collector is successfully developed and used in SOM electrolysis experiments. The current collector employs a sintered strontium-doped lanthanum manganite (La0.8Sr0.2Mn03-δ or LSM) bar, an Inconel alloy 601 rod, and a liquid silver contact in between. SOM electrolysis experiments with the new LSM-Inconel current collector are carried out and performance comparable to the state-of-the-art SOM electrolysis for Mg production employing the non-inert anode has been demonstrated. In both refining and SOM electrolysis, magnesium solubility in the flux plays an important role. High magnesium solubility in the flux facilitates refining. On the other hand, lower magnesium solubility benefits the SOM electrolysis. The dissolution of magnesium imparts electronic conductivity to the flux. The effects of the electronic conductivity of the flux on the SOM electrolysis performance are examined in detail through experiments and modeling. Methods for mitigating the negative attributes of the electronic conductivity during SOM electrolysis are presented.
Gentile, Paul Steven. "Development of a novel high performance electrolyte supported solid oxide fuel cell". Thesis, Montana State University, 2007. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2007/gentile/GentileP1207.pdf.
Texto completoTang, Shijie. "Development of Multiphase Oxygen-ion Conducting Electrolytes for Low Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". Scholarly Repository, 2007. http://scholarlyrepository.miami.edu/oa_theses/112.
Texto completoSuresh, Angel D. "Modeling of Electrolytic Membranes for Large Area Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1282064764.
Texto completoClayton, Donald. "Characterization of Lithium Aluminum Oxide Solid Electrolyte Thin Films from Aqueous Precursors". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/23125.
Texto completoAgarwal, Vishal. "Sol-gel processing of barium cerate-based electrolyte films on porous substrates". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14999.
Texto completoSEDEQI, FAISAL. "High Temperature Co-Electrolysis Model for Sector Coupling : Thermodynamic and Detailed Models of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells and Systems". Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-286048.
Texto completoDen ökade utvecklingen av förnybara energikällor kräver inte bara pålitlig lagringsteknik utan också alternativa sätt att producera material på sätt att undvika fossila bränsleförbrukningar och använda sig av den ökande elförsörjningen. Kraft till gas (PtG) genom fasta oxidceller (SOC) samelektrolysreaktorer ger ett attraktivt sätt att övervinna båda utmaningarna. Prestanda hos samelektrolysreaktorer för sektorkopplingsändamål undersöktes genom matematiska modeller på komponent- och systemnivå.Systemnivåmodellen involverade utvecklingen av ett idealiskt kraft-till-metan-system (PtM) utan förluster i hjälpenheterna och idealisk SOC-drift. Denna modell användes för att bestämma de maximalt uppnåbara effektiviteterna oberoende av teknik, för en samelektrolys och ångelektrolysbaserad PtM i två olika scheman: atmosfärisk SOC med trycksatt metaneringsreaktor och lika tryck mellan SOC och metaneringsreaktorn. Systemets prestanda analyserades genom exergimetoden för olika driftstemperaturer och tryck. Systemet var utformat för att vara helt kopplat, där värmen som genereras av en process kunde används vidare. Funktionell energieffektivitet var ett av de viktigaste prestationskriterierna som användes för jämförelse. Det visade sig att för ett idealiskt system var samelektrolysoperation marginellt fördelaktig jämfört med ångelektrolys på systemnivå baserat på exergetisk effektivitet. Detta blandas ytterligare när man överväger produktutbytet, där samelektrolyssystemen överträffar ångelektrolyssystemen avsevärt.Stacknivåmodellen involverade införandet av ett nytt modelleringsramverk baserat på grundläggande laddningsöverföringsinteraktioner för att modifiera en övergående ånga/𝐻𝐻2-baserad SOC-reaktor modellerad med Modelica vid DLR. Detta involverade också modifiering av den reversibla potentiella modellen för att ta hänsyn till samelektrolys samt ny implementering av DGM för samelektrolys. Modellen validerades mot experimentella resultat vid stationärt förhållande för 1,4bar, 4bar och 8bar och matargaskompositioner av 60% ånga, 30% 𝐶𝐶𝑂𝑂2 och 10% 𝐻𝐻2; och 45% ånga, 45% 𝐶𝐶𝑂𝑂2 och 10% 𝐻𝐻2 i volym. Modellresultaten överensstämmer med de experimentella resultaten. Ytterligare analys av reaktorn under samelektrolysoperation utfördes. 𝐶𝐶𝑂𝑂2-förbrukningsmekanismen undersöktes liksom olika elektrokemiska och termiska fenomen, för att förstå driftsbeteendet hos samelektrolysstaplar och för att få generella trender i drift med olika driftsförhållanden. SOC-reaktormodellen användes också för att förutsäga reaktorns beteende under förhöjd tryck utanför valideringsområdet. Förhöjt tryckdrift minskade polariseringsöverpotentialen och ohmskt motstånd på grund av högre metaneringshastighet, vilket ledde till lägre cellspänningar vid höga driftsströmtätheter, vilket minskade effektbehovet jämfört med lägre tryckoperation. Den högre metaneringshastigheten ledde emellertid till högre metanhalt i reaktorutloppet.Trenderna med tryck och temperatur i stackmodellen användes för att bestämma de teoretiska gränserna för PtM-systemet med en toppmodern reaktor. Konstanta verkningsgrader applicerades på hjälpenheterna som genomsnittliga verkningsgrad för att överväga ett brett spektrum av utrustningsverkningsgrad. Systemets prestanda analyserades med avseende på olika driftstemperaturer, tryck, strömtäthet och stack-aktiva områden. Systemets och stackens prestanda ökade med temperaturen, medan trycket hade marginell inverkan på systemets prestanda men rimlig inverkan på stackens prestanda, särskilt för de lägre hjälpaggregatens verkningsgrad. Systemets och stackens prestanda minskade med strömtätheten medan en ökning i SOC yta-resulterade i högre effektivitet till nästan idealisk för konstanta flödeshastigheter.Resultaten av modellerna antyder att SOC-baserade samelektrolysreaktorer ger en attraktiv metod för sektorkoppling. Exergimetoden gav en bred metod för att analysera och jämföra olika system. Mer forskning krävs, särskilt om de termiska aspekterna av SOC-reaktorn och 𝐶𝐶𝑂𝑂2-förbrukningsmekanismerna i samelektrolysreaktorer.
Hörlein, Michael Philipp [Verfasser] y K. Andreas [Akademischer Betreuer] Friedrich. "Degradation study on solid oxide steam electrolysis / Michael Philipp Hörlein ; Betreuer: K. Andreas Friedrich". Stuttgart : Universitätsbibliothek der Universität Stuttgart, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1224885546/34.
Texto completoDeka, Dhruba Jyoti. "Development of Cathode Catalysts for the Production of Synthesis Gas and Ammonia in Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cells". The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1588693027481087.
Texto completoWilliams, Caroline. "Compatibility of electrolyte and electrode materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells". Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324779.
Texto completoJin, Tongan. "Interactions of the Air Electrode with Electrolyte and Interconnect in Solid Oxide Cells". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39223.
Texto completoPh. D.
Ciria, matamoros Desirée. "Propriétés thermo-mécaniques des matériaux pour les piles à combustible". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017SACLC064/document.
Texto completoSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer a real alternative to classical technologies for the generation of electricity by clean, efficient and environmental-friendly means. Nevertheless, the main limitation of SOFCs lies in their unsatisfactory durability and reliability due to the high operating temperatures and thermal cycling characteristic of these devices. An intense search is currently underway for materials for SOFCs with the objective of lowering the working temperature and then overcoming these limitations. Among the different candidates which have emerged, Lanthanum Silicate (LSO) and Yttrium-doped Barium Zirconate (BZY) were considered as potential alternatives to be used as electrolyte materials for SOFC at intermediate-temperature. While numerous studies have been devoted to characterizing and optimizing the microstructural and electro-chemical properties of SOFC components, as yet there is little research available on mechanical properties and the influence they have on SOFC lifespan.The reliability and durability of these devices depends not only on their electro-chemical stability, but also on the ability of their structure to withstand residual stresses arising from the cell manufacturing process and mechanical stresses from operation. Owing to the fact that SOFCs are composed by stacking of several single cells which in turn are made up of individual brittle layers in close contact, these stresses mainly originate from the difference between the coefficient of thermal expansion and elastic properties of adjacent layers and creep deformation. Mismatched stresses can result in the mechanical failure of a single cell and have dramatic consequences on the whole stack. Therefore, knowledge of mechanical properties of the cell components becomes an important issue for the mechanical integrity and development of SOFCs.The aim of this PhD thesis is the fabrication and structural, microstructural and mechanical characterization of LSO and BZY
Anghilante, Régis. "Flexibilisation and integration of solid oxide electrolysis units in power to synthetic natural gas plants". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0094.
Texto completoThe solid oxide electrolysis technology (SOE) could improve the conversion efficiency of power-tosynthetic natural gas (SNG) plants and reduce their costs, provided that i) a performant thermal integration is implemented ii) the technology is implemented at industrial scale, and iii) plants can absorb the intermittency of renewable power sources. First, the energy analysis of three innovative power-to-SNG plant concepts is implemented. For each concept, a full explicit thermal integration is proposed. Plants with integrated SOE units show efficiencies higher than 78.5% (based on the HHV of the SNG) for the production of CNG and LNG, significantly higher than plants with PEM units with a 64.4% efficiency for CNG production. Second, the thermal response of SOE units to electrical power loads is investigated with a 1D dynamic model at the cell level (SOEC). Electrolyte support cells present a higher thermal stability than electrode support cells and should be preferred for fluctuating power applications. The model was then extended to a full H2 production and storage unit and coupled with different electrical power profiles. The units shows an energy consumption of 3.4-3.8 kWh·Nm-3 H2 and a high power-to-H2 conversion efficiency (93-103%) because of the steam recovery from the methanation unit. A first dimensioning of the H2 storage tank and the methanation unit is proposed, assuming a windmill power profile. Fluctuating power profiles reduce the efficiency of power-to-SNG plants, increase their costs and complexify their operation. Multifuel plants seem to be the most promising option to tackle the issue of intermittent power production. Extending the operation range of SOECs to exothermic and endothermic modes would improve power-to-H2 conversion efficiencies compared to on/off operation. In case of constant power load though, SOECs should preferably be operated at the thermoneutral point or in exothermic mode. Third, SNG production costs corresponding to the aforementioned plant concepts are evaluated, starting with a bottom-up cost evaluation of SOE units. The SNG production costs are in the range of 82-89 €·MWh-1 CH4 (HHV) with SOE units, which is lower than with PEM units, but remains two times higher than the average price of conventional natural gas for all sectors in France
Sano, Mitsuru, Masahiro Nagao, Takashi Hibino, Atsuko Tomita y Daisuke Hirabayashi. "Design of a Reduction-Resistant Ce0.8Sm0.2 O 1.9 Electrolyte Through Growth of a Thin BaCe1−xSmxO3−α Layer over Electrolyte Surface". The Electrochemical Society, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/18454.
Texto completoMilobar, Daniel Gregory. "Analytical Study, One Dimensional Computational Simulation, and Optimization of an Electrode Supported Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193404.
Texto completoGómez, González Sergio Yesid. "Processing and characterization of oxygen eletcrode and electrolyte in reversible solid oxide fuel cells". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2015. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/159637.
Texto completoMade available in DSpace on 2016-03-01T04:01:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 337501.pdf: 44591069 bytes, checksum: c849c94f16bfeabf9f716ba42cf20165 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015
As células a combustível de óxido sólido (SOFC) são células para conversão de hidrogênio em energia elétrica, altamente eficientes e limpas, já que produzem eletricidade, calor, e unicamente agua como gás de exhaustão do processo eletroquímico. A célula eletrolítica de óxido sólido (SOEC) corresponde à operação inversa da SOFC. Células a combustível de óxido sólido reversíveis (RSOFC) são dispositivos para produzir energia e armazená-la empregando hidrogênio como portador da energia, atuando de forma reversível como células combustível ou eletrolisador. Um breve análise econômico mostra RSOFC como una alternativa viável para sistemas híbridos de energias renováveis. O estado-da-arte dos materiais dos componentes da célula foi analisado e discutido em detalhe, comparando pontos comuns desenvolvidos neste trabalho. Materiais como Perovskitas, fases Ruddlesden-Popper e Perovskitas Duplas mostram-se como potencialmente mais eficientes em comparação com o material mais utilizado para eletrodos de oxigênio, manganita de estrôncio lantânio (LSM). Uma microestrutura nanocristalina pode melhorar propriedades chave, por exemplo para o eletrólito mais utilizado, zircônia estabilizada com yttria (YSZ), pode-se obter um aumento do >95% em condutividade iônica comparando tamanhos de grão de 300 nm e 2.15 µm. Para atingir as estructuras nanocristalinas, devem-se usar pós com tamanhos de partícula pequenos e técnicas de sinterização que inibam o crescimento de grão. Fases Ruddlesden-Popper como as baseadas em La2NiO4+d, apresentam alta permeabilidade ao oxigênio, e condutividade iônica entre outras propriedades vantajosas para RSOFC. Neste trabalho é reportada a síntese e as propriedades de transporte de oxigênio para um material novo (La2-ySryNi1-xMoxO4+d, 0.0=y=0.4 e 0.0=x=0.1). A análise das fases revelou um limite de solubilidade baixo de Mo no sítio B da estrutura A2BO4+d. O material La1.8Sr0.2Ni0.95Mo0.05O4+d (LSMN) fase pura foi sintetizado com sucesso. Amostras de LSMN foram conformadas por compressão isostática e sinterizadas a 1500ºC durante 4 h. As densidades atingidas foram maiores do que 95% e o tamanho de grão foi de 14±8 µm. Um modelo simples de defeitos foi usado para explicar o comportamento da condutividade elétrica. O coeficiente de superfície (kchem) e os coeficientes de difusão (Dchem) em termos de temperatura e PO2 foram avaliados por relaxamento da condutividade elétrica (ECR) e comparados a materiais semelhantes, mostrando que dopagem no sitio B de La2NiO4+d com Mo, pode melhorar as propriedades de transporte de oxigênio. Para melhorar a condutividade iônica, e desejável manufaturar o eletrólito com pós de pequeno tamanho e planejar a sinterização com os perfis de tempo-temperatura, para obter microestruturas com tamanhos de grão menores. Há falta de modelos que possam prever as densidades atingidas durante sinterização. Neste trabalho foi desenvolvido um modelo para predizer a densificação, como função da temperatura, tempo e tamanho de partícula. O modelo foi capaz de predizer densidades atingidas em diferentes condições de sinterização. A sinterização acarreta densificação e crescimento de tamanho de grão simultaneamente, particularmente para materiais nanocristalinos. Atualmente, métodos como spark plasma sintering (SPS), prensagem a quente (HP), sinterização em duas etapas (TSS) e queima rápida (FF) são empregados para inibir o crescimento de grão enquanto é mantida alta densificação. Neste trabalho, foi comparado experimentalmente FF e sinterização convencional (RH), em compactos de yttria estabilizada com zircônia (3YSZ e 8YSZ). Foram feitos experimentos em um forno tubular com taxas de aquecimento de ~500 °C/min (FF) e 10ºC/min (RH), analisando a mudança contínua da densidade dos compactos e a distribuição de tamanhos de grão da estrutura densa. As amostras sinterizadas pela rota convencional apresentam maior crescimento de grão por um fator de ~4 e ~2 respeito do tamanho dos pós. Por outro lado, as amostras sinterizadas pela rota de queima rápida suprimiram o crescimento com um fator de ~1 para os dois materiais. Esses resultados indicam que altas taxas de aquecimento minimizam o crescimento de tamanho de grão.
Abstract : Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) are cells for conversion of hydrogen into electrical power, highly efficient and clean, since produces electricity, heat, and solely water as exhaust gas by electrochemical processes. Solid Oxide Electrolyser Cells (SOEC) correspond to the reverse operation of SOFC. Reversible solid oxide fuel cells (RSOFC) are devices to produce energy and store it employing hydrogen as energy carrier, acting reversibly as fuel or electrolyser cells. A brief financial review shows RSOFC as a viable alternative for hybrid renewal energy systems. Current state of electrolyte, hydrogen and oxygen electrodes materials has been reviewed and discussed in detail, comparing common points between SOFC and SOEC developed here. Perovskites, Ruddlesden-Popper series and Double Perovskites materials show to have lower resistance, therefore, potentially more efficiency than the state-of-art oxygen electrode, lanthanum strontium manganite (LSM). A fine-grained microstructure can enhance key properties, for instance the state-of-art electrolyte yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) increase >95% the ionic conductivity comparing grain sizes 300 nm and 2.15 µm. To achieve fine-grained structure, must be employed powders with small particle sizes and sintering techniques to hinder the grain growth. Ruddlesden-Popper series as La2NiO4+d-based materials exhibit high oxygen permeability, ionic conductivity among other properties advantageous for RSOFC. In this work, the synthesis and oxygen transport properties for a novel material (La2-ySryNi1-xMoxO4+d 0.0=y=0.4 and 0.0=x=0.1) are reported. The phase relations analysis disclose low Mo solubility limit on the B-site of the A2BO4+d structure. Single phase La1.8Sr0.2Ni0.95Mo0.05O4+d bar shape samples were cold-isostatically pressed and pressureless sintered at 1500ºC for 4 h. Sintered densities above 95% and grain size of 14.3±8 µm were obtained. A simple defect model was applied to explain electrical conductivity. Surface exchange coefficients (kchem) and bulk diffusion coefficients (Dchem) in terms of temperature and PO2 were assessed by electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) and discussed comparing with similar compounds, showing that doping the B site of lanthanum nickelate with Mo can enhance the oxygen transport properties.To enhance the materials ionic conductivity, is desirable to manufacture the electrolyte using powders with small particle size and plan the sintering technique with the time-temperature profile to obtain fine-grained microstructures. There is a lack of accurate models to predict the compacts density during sintering. Here a densification model was developed to predict densification, as a function of temperature, time and particle size. The model was able to predicting the achieved density using different sintering conditions. Sintering of powders leads to simultaneous densification and grain growth, particularly for nanocrystalline materials. Currently, methods such as spark plasma sintering (SPS), hot pressing (HP), two-step sintering (TSS) and fast firing (FF) are employed to hinder grain growth while maintaining a high densification. In this work, FF consisting in thermal treatments with high heating rates (>500º/min) and conventional sintering (RH) approaches were experimentally compared for yttria-stabilized zirconia (3YSZ and 8YSZ) compacts. Experiments were carried out in a tube furnace with a heating rate of ~500 °C/min (FF) and 10 °C/min (RH), analyzing the continuous density change and the grain size distribution of the dense structure. RH-samples present grain size bigger by a factor of ~4 and ~2 in comparison to raw powder for 8YSZ and 3YSZ respectively. Conversely, FF method completely suppresses grain growth at the experimental conditions with a growth factor of ~1 for both materials. Those results indicate that high heat inputs minimize grain growth.
Sano, Mitsuru, Masahiro Nagao, Takashi Hibino, Daisuke Hirabayashi y Atsuko Tomita. "Single-Chamber SOFCs with a Ce0.9Gd0.1 O 1.95 Electrolyte Film for Low-Temperature Operation". The Electrochemical Society, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/18456.
Texto completoMeyer, Katja Elizabeth. "Perovskite-type Oxides as Electrocatalysts in High Temperature Solid Electrolyte Reactor Applications". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1493821638601215.
Texto completoNOBREGA, SHAYENNE D. da. "Fabricação e testes de células a combustível de óxido sólido a etanol direto usando camada catalítica". reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2013. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10184.
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Tese (Doutoramento)
IPEN/T
Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP
Tchakalov, Rossen. "Engineering and optimization of electrode/electrolyte interfaces to increase solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) performances". Thesis, Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPSLM001.
Texto completoIn this work, we have established an industrial fabrication protocol for single fuel cells with either architectured or planar electrode/electrolyte interfaces. We have demonstrated that in two types of samples, differing in materials, microstructure, number of layers, and architecture location, the architecturation of the electrode/electrolyte interface results in a highly significant performance increase. Polarization measurements and EIS are used to study the electrochemical performances of the cells, to compare the architectured and planar ones. We isolate the influence of the architecturation on global impedance spectra by using an innovative comparison method based on the study of the relative gaps of the frequency-dependent resistance parts. Thus, the architecturation has a strongly favorable influence on the electrochemical performances by enhancing the catalytic capabilities of the electrodes as well as the charge transfer (and in particular the ion transfer) within the cell. The architecturation induces a 60 % increase of the maximum power density for the Type I cells and 75% for the Type II cells
Kosinski, Marcin Robert. "Nanomaterials for solid oxide fuel cell electrolytes and reforming catalysts". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2588.
Texto completoCantlay, Alex John. "Investigation of a solid oxide fuel cell system based on a doped lanthanum gallate electrolyte". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.405959.
Texto completoAkanda, Sajedur R. "Mechanical Characterization of Coating-Interconnect Interfaces and Anode-Electrolyte Interfaces for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1356969023.
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